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Operation (mathematics)

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is similar to an operation in that it refers to the symbol or the process used to denote the operation, hence their point of view is different. For instance, one often speaks of "the operation of addition" or "the addition operation", when focusing on the operands and result, but one switches to
922: 369:. For example, in the real numbers, the squaring operation only produces non-negative numbers; the codomain is the set of real numbers, but the range is the non-negative numbers. 343:. For example, in the real numbers one cannot divide by zero or take square roots of negative numbers. The values for which an operation is defined form a set called its 216: 190: 170: 1004: 384:
operation on two vectors produces a quantity that is scalar. An operation may or may not have certain properties, for example it may be
435:"addition operator" (rarely "operator of addition"), when focusing on the process, or from the more symbolic viewpoint, the function 875: 1385: 1326: 427:. Operations can have fewer or more than two inputs (including the case of zero input and infinitely many inputs). 1422: 1427: 318: 357:, but the set of actual values attained by the operation is its codomain of definition, active codomain, 312: 1015: 979: 709:
of one or more copies of the codomain), although this is by no means universal, as in the case of
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is a mapping from a Cartesian power of a set into the set of subsets of that set, formally
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are sometimes considered, in which case the "usual" operations of finite arity are called
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implies that the domain of the function includes a power of the codomain (i.e. the
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operation, performing the first rotation and then the second. Operations on
1116: 690:). There are obvious extensions where the arity is taken to be an infinite 372:
Operations can involve dissimilar objects: a vector can be multiplied by a
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Burris, S. N.; Sankappanavar, H. P. (1981). "Chapter II, Definition 1.1".
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Operations can involve mathematical objects other than numbers. The
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Brunner, J.; Drescher, Th.; Pöschel, R.; Seidel, H. (Jan 1993).
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Operations may not be defined for every possible value of its
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EIK (Elektronische Informationsverarbeitung und Kybernetik)
351:. The set which contains the values produced is called the 114:
is an example of an operation of arity 3, also called
917:{\displaystyle \omega :X^{n}\rightarrow {\mathcal {P}}(X)} 713:, where vectors are multiplied and result in a scalar. An 1063: 1038: 686:, referring to the finite number of operands (the value 878: 549:
of the operation, and the fixed non-negative integer
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Generally, the arity is taken to be finite. However,
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has arity two. An operation of arity zero, called a
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which takes zero or more input values (also called "
1366: 980:"Algebraic operation - Encyclopedia of Mathematics" 679:-ary relation that is unique on its output domain. 230:. Unary operations involve only one value, such as 916: 698:, or even an arbitrary set indexing the operands. 210: 184: 164: 1315:Jain, P. K.; Ahmad, Khalil; Ahuja, Om P. (1995). 136:is defined similarly to an operation, but with a 1414: 1264: 671:-ary partial operation can also be viewed as an 571:operation, is simply an element of the codomain 1088: 1314: 376:to form another vector (an operation known as 682:The above describes what is usually called a 94:(i.e., operations of arity 1), such as 82:(i.e., operations of arity 2), such as 222:There are two common types of operations: 843:. An example of an internal operation is 78:The most commonly studied operations are 791:. In particular for a binary operation, 579:-ary operation can also be viewed as an 147: 25: 553:(the number of operands) is called the 415:, and the value produced is called the 152:A binary operation takes two arguments 23:Addition, multiplication, division, ... 1415: 1386:"Power algebras: clones and relations" 1341: 1289: 1265: 1239: 1214: 1189: 1164: 1139: 1114: 1089: 1064: 1039: 1002: 143: 974: 972: 970: 968: 13: 1003:DeMeo, William (August 26, 2010). 900: 14: 1439: 965: 102:. An operation of arity zero, or 1377: 1360: 1335: 1308: 1283: 1258: 1233: 1208: 403:The values combined are called 1183: 1158: 1133: 1108: 1082: 1057: 1032: 996: 911: 905: 895: 304:include the binary operations 1: 1370:A Course in Universal Algebra 959: 453: 292:can be added and subtracted. 7: 927: 701:Often, the use of the term 316:and the unary operation of 10: 1444: 984:www.encyclopediaofmath.org 541:of the operation, the set 296:can be combined using the 15: 1321:. New Age International. 1005:"Universal Algebra Notes" 559:of the operation. Thus a 192:, and returns the result 46:×, times (multiplication) 837:right-external operation 211:{\displaystyle x\circ y} 140:in place of a function. 16:Not to be confused with 1292:"Scalar Multiplication" 811:left-external operation 236:trigonometric functions 1423:Elementary mathematics 918: 611:-ary partial operation 603:on its output domain. 272:can be combined using 219: 212: 186: 166: 100:multiplicative inverse 50: 40:−, minus (subtraction) 18:Operator (mathematics) 1428:Operations on numbers 1348:mathworld.wolfram.com 1296:mathworld.wolfram.com 1246:mathworld.wolfram.com 1221:mathworld.wolfram.com 1196:mathworld.wolfram.com 1171:mathworld.wolfram.com 1146:mathworld.wolfram.com 1121:mathworld.wolfram.com 919: 849:scalar multiplication 563:has arity one, and a 378:scalar multiplication 213: 187: 167: 151: 123:infinitary operations 31:Elementary arithmetic 29: 876: 345:domain of definition 298:function composition 196: 176: 156: 43:÷, obelus (division) 1342:Weisstein, Eric W. 1318:Functional Analysis 1290:Weisstein, Eric W. 1240:Weisstein, Eric W. 1215:Weisstein, Eric W. 1190:Weisstein, Eric W. 1165:Weisstein, Eric W. 1140:Weisstein, Eric W. 1115:Weisstein, Eric W. 954:Order of operations 127:finitary operations 1267:Weisstein, Eric W. 1242:"Division by Zero" 1091:Weisstein, Eric W. 1069:"Binary Operation" 1066:Weisstein, Eric W. 1041:Weisstein, Eric W. 914: 859:-ary multifunction 778:external operation 735:internal operation 684:finitary operation 599:input domains and 220: 208: 182: 162: 144:Types of operation 75:of the operation. 51: 37:+, plus (addition) 1328:978-81-224-0801-0 1167:"Complementation" 1044:"Unary Operation" 934:Finitary relation 707:Cartesian product 185:{\displaystyle y} 165:{\displaystyle x} 134:partial operation 116:ternary operation 104:nullary operation 80:binary operations 1435: 1408: 1407: 1405: 1404: 1390: 1381: 1375: 1374: 1364: 1358: 1357: 1355: 1354: 1339: 1333: 1332: 1312: 1306: 1305: 1303: 1302: 1287: 1281: 1280: 1279: 1262: 1256: 1255: 1253: 1252: 1237: 1231: 1230: 1228: 1227: 1212: 1206: 1205: 1203: 1202: 1187: 1181: 1180: 1178: 1177: 1162: 1156: 1155: 1153: 1152: 1137: 1131: 1130: 1128: 1127: 1112: 1106: 1104: 1103: 1086: 1080: 1079: 1078: 1061: 1055: 1054: 1053: 1036: 1030: 1029: 1027: 1026: 1020: 1014:. Archived from 1009: 1000: 994: 993: 991: 990: 976: 923: 921: 920: 915: 904: 903: 894: 893: 867: 866: 834: 808: 775: 764: 737: 736: 730: 678: 666: 640:partial function 633: 586: 565:binary operation 536: 518: 485: 449: 322:. Operations on 274:logic operations 217: 215: 214: 209: 191: 189: 188: 183: 171: 169: 168: 163: 138:partial function 96:additive inverse 92:unary operations 1443: 1442: 1438: 1437: 1436: 1434: 1433: 1432: 1413: 1412: 1411: 1402: 1400: 1388: 1382: 1378: 1365: 1361: 1352: 1350: 1344:"Inner Product" 1340: 1336: 1329: 1313: 1309: 1300: 1298: 1288: 1284: 1263: 1259: 1250: 1248: 1238: 1234: 1225: 1223: 1213: 1209: 1200: 1198: 1188: 1184: 1175: 1173: 1163: 1159: 1150: 1148: 1138: 1134: 1125: 1123: 1113: 1109: 1087: 1083: 1062: 1058: 1037: 1033: 1024: 1022: 1018: 1012:math.hawaii.edu 1007: 1001: 997: 988: 986: 978: 977: 966: 962: 930: 899: 898: 889: 885: 877: 874: 873: 864: 863: 845:vector addition 818: 792: 766: 744: 743:-ary operation 734: 733: 718: 717:-ary operation 672: 661: 652: 642: 632: 623: 617: 580: 561:unary operation 535: 526: 520: 513: 504: 494: 484: 475: 469: 456: 436: 394:anticommutative 319:complementation 197: 194: 193: 177: 174: 173: 157: 154: 153: 146: 49: 24: 21: 12: 11: 5: 1441: 1431: 1430: 1425: 1410: 1409: 1376: 1359: 1334: 1327: 1307: 1282: 1257: 1232: 1207: 1182: 1157: 1142:"Intersection" 1132: 1107: 1081: 1056: 1031: 995: 963: 961: 958: 957: 956: 951: 946: 944:Infix notation 941: 939:Hyperoperation 936: 929: 926: 913: 910: 907: 902: 897: 892: 888: 884: 881: 865:multioperation 657: 650: 628: 621: 545:is called the 537:is called the 531: 524: 509: 502: 480: 473: 463:-ary operation 455: 452: 263:logical values 256:exponentiation 248:multiplication 207: 204: 201: 181: 161: 145: 142: 88:multiplication 48: 47: 44: 41: 38: 34: 22: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1440: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1420: 1418: 1398: 1394: 1387: 1380: 1372: 1371: 1363: 1349: 1345: 1338: 1330: 1324: 1320: 1319: 1311: 1297: 1293: 1286: 1277: 1276: 1271: 1268: 1261: 1247: 1243: 1236: 1222: 1218: 1217:"Convolution" 1211: 1197: 1193: 1192:"Composition" 1186: 1172: 1168: 1161: 1147: 1143: 1136: 1122: 1118: 1111: 1101: 1100: 1095: 1092: 1085: 1076: 1075: 1070: 1067: 1060: 1051: 1050: 1045: 1042: 1035: 1021:on 2021-05-19 1017: 1013: 1006: 999: 985: 981: 975: 973: 971: 969: 964: 955: 952: 950: 947: 945: 942: 940: 937: 935: 932: 931: 925: 908: 890: 886: 882: 879: 871: 868: 860: 858: 852: 850: 846: 842: 838: 833: 829: 825: 821: 816: 812: 807: 803: 799: 795: 790: 787: 783: 779: 776:is called an 774: 770: 763: 759: 755: 751: 747: 742: 738: 731:is called an 729: 725: 721: 716: 712: 708: 704: 699: 697: 693: 689: 685: 680: 676: 670: 665: 660: 656: 649: 645: 641: 637: 631: 627: 620: 615: 612: 610: 604: 602: 598: 594: 590: 584: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 557: 552: 548: 544: 540: 534: 530: 523: 517: 512: 508: 501: 497: 493: 489: 483: 479: 472: 467: 464: 462: 451: 448: 444: 440: 433: 428: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 401: 400:, and so on. 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 382:inner product 379: 375: 370: 368: 367: 362: 361: 356: 355: 350: 349:active domain 346: 342: 341: 335: 333: 329: 325: 321: 320: 315: 314: 309: 308: 303: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 267: 264: 259: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 205: 202: 199: 179: 159: 150: 141: 139: 135: 130: 128: 124: 119: 117: 113: 112:mixed product 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 76: 74: 70: 69: 64: 60: 56: 45: 42: 39: 36: 35: 32: 28: 19: 1401:. Retrieved 1396: 1392: 1379: 1369: 1362: 1351:. Retrieved 1347: 1337: 1317: 1310: 1299:. Retrieved 1295: 1285: 1273: 1260: 1249:. Retrieved 1245: 1235: 1224:. Retrieved 1220: 1210: 1199:. Retrieved 1195: 1185: 1174:. Retrieved 1170: 1160: 1149:. Retrieved 1145: 1135: 1124:. Retrieved 1120: 1110: 1097: 1084: 1072: 1059: 1047: 1034: 1023:. Retrieved 1016:the original 1011: 998: 987:. Retrieved 983: 869: 862: 856: 855: 853: 840: 836: 835:is called a 831: 827: 823: 819: 814: 810: 809:is called a 805: 801: 797: 793: 788: 786:operator set 785: 781: 777: 772: 768: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 740: 732: 727: 723: 719: 714: 702: 700: 687: 683: 681: 674: 668: 663: 658: 654: 647: 643: 635: 629: 625: 618: 613: 608: 607: 605: 596: 582: 576: 572: 568: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 532: 528: 521: 515: 510: 506: 499: 495: 487: 481: 477: 470: 465: 460: 459: 457: 446: 442: 438: 431: 429: 424: 420: 416: 412: 408: 404: 402: 371: 364: 358: 352: 348: 344: 338: 336: 317: 313:intersection 311: 305: 285: 281: 277: 269: 265: 260: 221: 133: 131: 126: 120: 77: 66: 58: 52: 1373:. Springer. 711:dot product 390:commutative 386:associative 380:), and the 332:convolution 328:composition 244:subtraction 55:mathematics 33:operations: 1417:Categories 1403:2022-10-25 1353:2020-07-27 1301:2020-07-27 1251:2020-07-27 1226:2020-07-27 1201:2020-07-27 1176:2020-07-27 1151:2020-07-27 1126:2020-07-27 1025:2019-12-09 989:2019-12-10 960:References 782:scalar set 519:. The set 454:Definition 398:idempotent 276:, such as 1399:: 293–302 1275:MathWorld 1270:"Coomain" 1099:MathWorld 1074:MathWorld 1049:MathWorld 896:→ 880:ω 703:operation 409:arguments 324:functions 294:Rotations 203:∘ 59:operation 1094:"Vector" 949:Operator 928:See also 696:cardinal 591:that is 589:relation 547:codomain 492:function 432:operator 405:operands 354:codomain 326:include 252:division 240:addition 232:negation 108:constant 84:addition 68:operands 63:function 1117:"Union" 780:by the 692:ordinal 595:on its 569:nullary 290:Vectors 106:, is a 1325:  817:, and 765:where 653:× … × 601:unique 539:domain 527:× … × 505:× … × 425:output 421:result 413:inputs 374:scalar 340:domain 254:, and 228:binary 110:. The 90:, and 1389:(PDF) 1019:(PDF) 1008:(PDF) 771:< 739:. An 667:. An 638:is a 624:, …, 616:from 593:total 587:-ary 575:. An 556:arity 490:is a 476:, …, 468:from 423:, or 417:value 411:, or 366:range 360:image 307:union 270:false 224:unary 73:arity 61:is a 57:, an 1323:ISBN 767:0 ≤ 677:+ 1) 585:+ 1) 330:and 310:and 302:sets 284:and 268:and 266:true 234:and 226:and 172:and 98:and 86:and 861:or 854:An 839:by 813:by 784:or 694:or 634:to 606:An 486:to 458:An 437:+: 430:An 363:or 347:or 286:not 282:or, 278:and 53:In 1419:: 1397:29 1395:. 1391:. 1346:. 1294:. 1272:. 1244:. 1219:. 1194:. 1169:. 1144:. 1119:. 1096:. 1071:. 1046:. 1010:. 982:. 967:^ 924:. 830:→ 826:× 822:: 804:→ 800:× 796:: 760:→ 756:× 752:× 748:: 726:→ 722:: 662:→ 646:: 514:→ 498:: 445:→ 441:× 419:, 407:, 396:, 392:, 388:, 334:. 288:. 280:, 258:. 250:, 246:, 242:, 132:A 129:. 118:. 1406:. 1356:. 1331:. 1304:. 1278:. 1254:. 1229:. 1204:. 1179:. 1154:. 1129:. 1102:. 1077:. 1052:. 1028:. 992:. 912:) 909:X 906:( 901:P 891:n 887:X 883:: 870:ω 857:n 841:S 832:X 828:S 824:X 820:ω 815:S 806:X 802:X 798:S 794:ω 789:S 773:n 769:i 762:X 758:X 754:S 750:X 746:ω 741:n 728:X 724:X 720:ω 715:n 688:n 675:n 673:( 669:n 664:Y 659:n 655:X 651:1 648:X 644:ω 636:Y 630:n 626:X 622:1 619:X 614:ω 609:n 597:n 583:n 581:( 577:n 573:Y 551:n 543:Y 533:n 529:X 525:1 522:X 516:Y 511:n 507:X 503:1 500:X 496:ω 488:Y 482:n 478:X 474:1 471:X 466:ω 461:n 447:X 443:X 439:X 218:. 206:y 200:x 180:y 160:x 20:.

Index

Operator (mathematics)

Elementary arithmetic
mathematics
function
operands
arity
binary operations
addition
multiplication
unary operations
additive inverse
multiplicative inverse
nullary operation
constant
mixed product
ternary operation
infinitary operations
partial function

unary
binary
negation
trigonometric functions
addition
subtraction
multiplication
division
exponentiation
logical values

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