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Cylinder set

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1419: 419: 1140: 990: 223: 1642: 681: 857: 1130: 1145: 1895: 1813: 537: 840: 494: 2037: 1963: 1045: 1414:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}C_{t}&=C_{t}\,\cap \,C_{t+1}\,\cap \cdots \cap \,C_{t+m}\\&=\{x\in S^{\mathbb {Z} }:x_{t}=a_{0},\ldots ,x_{t+m}=a_{m}\}\end{aligned}}.} 118: 1675: 569: 190: 148: 1926: 1733: 1706: 755: 728: 1427:. As elements of the topology, cylinder sets are by definition open sets. The complement of an open set is a closed set, but the complement of a cylinder set is a 1837: 1757: 1483: 1463: 1012: 701: 592: 439: 210: 73: 414:{\displaystyle \bigcap _{i=1}^{n}p_{Y_{i}}^{-1}\left(A_{i}\right)=\left\{\left(x\right)\in X\mid p_{Y_{1}}(x)\in A_{1},\dots ,p_{Y_{n}}(x)\in A_{n}\right\}} 2938: 3016: 3033: 1050: 605: 2341: 2200: 2856: 1018:. Basic open sets in the discrete topology consist of individual letters; thus, the open cylinders of the product topology on 2687: 2227: 2848: 762: 2634: 3028: 2985: 2975: 2096: 1762: 985:{\displaystyle S^{\mathbb {Z} }=\{x=(\ldots ,x_{-1},x_{0},x_{1},\ldots ):x_{k}\in S\;\forall k\in \mathbb {Z} \}.} 2785: 2694: 2458: 1846: 2314: 3023: 2970: 2864: 2770: 2172: 17: 2889: 2869: 2833: 2757: 2477: 2193: 1978: 502: 3011: 2790: 2752: 2704: 2167: 795: 444: 2916: 2884: 2874: 2795: 2762: 2393: 2302: 2013: 1939: 1021: 3094: 2933: 2838: 2614: 2542: 217: 2923: 1647: 81: 3006: 2452: 2383: 1840: 1440: 773: 542: 2319: 2162: 2133: 156: 3099: 2775: 2533: 2493: 2186: 2138: 1970: 3058: 2958: 2780: 2502: 2348: 151: 2121: â€“ Use of filters to describe and characterize all basic topological notions and results. 772:
number of open cylinders is important; allowing infinite intersections generally results in a
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by cylinder sets corresponding to the components' open sets. That is cylinders of the form
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Cylinder sets over topological vector spaces are the core ingredient in the definition of
8: 2911: 2901: 2747: 2711: 2537: 2266: 2223: 2118: 2112: 2088: 1466: 2589: 3063: 2823: 2808: 2507: 2388: 2366: 1822: 1742: 1448: 1428: 997: 851: 686: 577: 424: 195: 58: 2980: 2716: 2677: 2672: 2579: 2497: 2282: 2255: 2065: 1966: 1736: 1015: 595: 76: 2050:-adic numbers can be applied to cylinder sets, and in particular, the definition of 2997: 2906: 2682: 2667: 2657: 2642: 2609: 2604: 2594: 2472: 2447: 2262: 599: 40: 36: 3073: 3053: 2828: 2726: 2721: 2699: 2557: 2522: 2442: 2336: 2141: â€“ one of two closely related types of functions or operations in set theory 2073: 2963: 2818: 2813: 2624: 2599: 2552: 2482: 2462: 2422: 2412: 2209: 2051: 1974: 1477: 2064:
apply to cylinder sets. These types of measure spaces appear in the theory of
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Cylinder sets are often used to define a topology on sets that are subsets of
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of cylinders, and so cylinder sets are also closed, and are thus clopen.
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by cylinder sets corresponding to the components' measurable sets.
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The intersections of a finite number of open cylinders are the
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The restriction that the cylinder set be the intersection of a
676:{\textstyle \bigcap _{i=1}^{n}p_{Y_{i}}^{-1}\left(U_{i}\right)} 497: 43:
on a product of sets; they are also a generating family of the
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topology. In the latter case, the resulting topology is the
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on the space: for example, one says that two strings are
1125:{\displaystyle C_{t}=\{x\in S^{\mathbb {Z} }:x_{t}=a\}.} 757:. In the same manner, in case of measurable spaces, the 220:
of such preimages. Explicitly, it is a set of the form,
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if a fraction 1−Δ of the letters in the strings match.
1981:; for example, the measure of a cylinder set of length 608: 84: 2127: â€“ way to generate a measure over product spaces 2016: 1942: 1907: 1849: 1825: 1765: 1745: 1714: 1687: 1650: 1486: 1451: 1143: 1053: 1024: 1000: 860: 798: 736: 709: 689: 580: 545: 505: 447: 427: 226: 198: 159: 130: 61: 2143:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
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Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
2031: 1957: 1920: 1889: 1831: 1807: 1751: 1727: 1700: 1669: 1636: 1457: 1413: 1124: 1039: 1006: 984: 834: 749: 722: 695: 675: 586: 563: 531: 488: 433: 413: 204: 184: 142: 112: 67: 3086: 2115: â€“ Family of sets representing "large" sets 1928:are taken to be continuous linear functionals. 1434: 1843:, the definition is made instead for elements 192:that maps every element of the product to its 2194: 2083:, which provide the formal definition of the 2939:Riesz–Markov–Kakutani representation theorem 1808:{\displaystyle f_{j}\in (V^{*})^{\otimes n}} 1631: 1535: 1401: 1316: 1116: 1076: 976: 876: 829: 805: 2160: 2072:. A generalization of these systems is the 1973:. Cylinder sets are often used to define a 3034:Vitale's random Brunn–Minkowski inequality 2201: 2187: 961: 788:Cylinder sets in products of discrete sets 2023: 1949: 1890:{\displaystyle f_{j}\in (V')^{\otimes n}} 1331: 1273: 1263: 1230: 1226: 1091: 1031: 972: 867: 1480:), the cylinder sets may be defined as 14: 3087: 1999:Cylinder sets may be used to define a 2182: 1965:and occur frequently in the study of 50: 3047:Applications & related 532:{\displaystyle A_{i}\subseteq Y_{i}} 216:of a canonical projection or finite 835:{\displaystyle S=\{1,2,\ldots ,n\}} 489:{\displaystyle Y_{1},...Y_{n}\in S} 120:of all sets in the collection. The 24: 2208: 962: 25: 3111: 2150: â€“ Mathematical construction 2976:Lebesgue differentiation theorem 2857:CarathĂ©odory's extension theorem 2032:{\displaystyle S^{\mathbb {Z} }} 1958:{\displaystyle S^{\mathbb {Z} }} 1040:{\displaystyle S^{\mathbb {Z} }} 1931: 854:in these letters is denoted by 212:component. A cylinder set is a 113:{\textstyle X=\prod _{Y\in S}Y} 1875: 1863: 1793: 1779: 1670:{\displaystyle A\subset K^{n}} 1622: 1619: 1613: 1591: 1585: 1569: 1563: 1550: 1529: 1497: 1303: 1290: 1260: 1247: 1223: 1210: 1190: 1158: 1070: 1064: 939: 885: 390: 384: 342: 336: 176: 13: 1: 2154: 564:{\displaystyle 1\leq i\leq n} 1979:Kolmogorov extension theorem 1435:Definition for vector spaces 842:be a finite set, containing 185:{\displaystyle p_{Y}:X\to Y} 7: 3029:PrĂ©kopa–Leindler inequality 2168:Encyclopedia of Mathematics 2106: 1901:. That is, the functionals 1439:Given a finite or infinite- 10: 3116: 2971:Lebesgue's density theorem 780:; cylinder sets are never 598:, the product topology is 441:, finite sequence of sets 3046: 3024:Minkowski–Steiner formula 2994: 2954: 2947: 2847: 2839:Projection-valued measure 2740: 2633: 2402: 2275: 2216: 1841:topological vector spaces 3007:Isoperimetric inequality 2986:Vitali–Hahn–Saks theorem 2315:CarathĂ©odory's criterion 2046:, some of the theory of 2039:can be considered to be 994:The natural topology on 850:. The collection of all 3012:Brunn–Minkowski theorem 2881:Decomposition theorems 2139:Projection (set theory) 1971:subshift of finite type 574:Then, when all sets in 3059:Descriptive set theory 2959:Disintegration theorem 2394:Universally measurable 2081:abstract Wiener spaces 2033: 1959: 1922: 1891: 1833: 1809: 1753: 1729: 1702: 1671: 1638: 1459: 1415: 1126: 1041: 1008: 986: 836: 751: 724: 697: 677: 629: 588: 565: 533: 490: 435: 415: 247: 206: 186: 144: 143:{\displaystyle Y\in S} 124:corresponding to some 114: 75:of sets, consider the 69: 2861:Convergence theorems 2320:Cylindrical σ-algebra 2161:R.A. Minlos (2001) , 2134:Cylindrical σ-algebra 2101:statistical mechanics 2085:Feynman path integral 2070:nonsingular odometers 2034: 1960: 1923: 1921:{\displaystyle f_{j}} 1899:continuous dual space 1892: 1834: 1810: 1754: 1730: 1728:{\displaystyle f_{j}} 1703: 1701:{\displaystyle K^{n}} 1672: 1639: 1460: 1416: 1127: 1042: 1009: 987: 837: 752: 750:{\displaystyle Y_{i}} 725: 723:{\displaystyle U_{i}} 698: 678: 609: 589: 566: 534: 491: 436: 416: 227: 207: 187: 145: 115: 70: 2929:Minkowski inequality 2803:Cylinder set measure 2688:Infinite-dimensional 2303:equivalence relation 2233:Lebesgue integration 2125:Cylinder set measure 2093:quantum field theory 2014: 1969:; see, for example, 1940: 1905: 1847: 1839:. When dealing with 1823: 1817:algebraic dual space 1763: 1743: 1712: 1685: 1648: 1484: 1449: 1141: 1051: 1022: 998: 858: 796: 761:is the one which is 734: 707: 687: 606: 578: 543: 503: 445: 425: 224: 196: 157: 128: 122:canonical projection 82: 59: 2924:Hölder's inequality 2786:of random variables 2748:Measurable function 2635:Particular measures 2224:Absolute continuity 2119:Filters in topology 2113:Filter (set theory) 2089:functional integral 852:bi-infinite strings 654: 272: 55:Given a collection 3064:Probability theory 2389:Transverse measure 2367:Non-measurable set 2349:Locally measurable 2097:partition function 2029: 1985:might be given by 1955: 1918: 1887: 1829: 1805: 1749: 1725: 1698: 1667: 1634: 1455: 1423:Cylinder sets are 1411: 1406: 1122: 1037: 1004: 982: 832: 759:cylinder σ-algebra 747: 720: 693: 673: 630: 596:topological spaces 584: 561: 529: 486: 431: 421:for any choice of 411: 248: 202: 182: 140: 110: 106: 65: 51:General definition 45:cylinder σ-algebra 3082: 3081: 3042: 3041: 2771:almost everywhere 2717:Spherical measure 2615:Strictly positive 2543:Projection-valued 2283:Almost everywhere 2256:Probability space 2066:dynamical systems 2010:Since strings in 1967:symbolic dynamics 1832:{\displaystyle V} 1752:{\displaystyle V} 1737:linear functional 1458:{\displaystyle V} 1016:discrete topology 1007:{\displaystyle S} 696:{\displaystyle i} 587:{\displaystyle S} 434:{\displaystyle n} 205:{\displaystyle Y} 91: 77:Cartesian product 68:{\displaystyle S} 16:(Redirected from 3107: 3095:General topology 3017:Milman's reverse 3000: 2998:Lebesgue measure 2952: 2951: 2356: 2342:infimum/supremum 2263:Measurable space 2203: 2196: 2189: 2180: 2179: 2175: 2144: 2130: 2038: 2036: 2035: 2030: 2028: 2027: 2026: 1995: 1991: 1964: 1962: 1961: 1956: 1954: 1953: 1952: 1927: 1925: 1924: 1919: 1917: 1916: 1896: 1894: 1893: 1888: 1886: 1885: 1873: 1859: 1858: 1838: 1836: 1835: 1830: 1814: 1812: 1811: 1806: 1804: 1803: 1791: 1790: 1775: 1774: 1758: 1756: 1755: 1750: 1734: 1732: 1731: 1726: 1724: 1723: 1707: 1705: 1704: 1699: 1697: 1696: 1676: 1674: 1673: 1668: 1666: 1665: 1643: 1641: 1640: 1635: 1612: 1611: 1584: 1583: 1562: 1561: 1528: 1527: 1509: 1508: 1496: 1495: 1464: 1462: 1461: 1456: 1420: 1418: 1417: 1412: 1407: 1400: 1399: 1387: 1386: 1362: 1361: 1349: 1348: 1336: 1335: 1334: 1309: 1302: 1301: 1289: 1288: 1259: 1258: 1246: 1245: 1222: 1221: 1209: 1208: 1189: 1188: 1170: 1169: 1157: 1156: 1131: 1129: 1128: 1123: 1109: 1108: 1096: 1095: 1094: 1063: 1062: 1046: 1044: 1043: 1038: 1036: 1035: 1034: 1013: 1011: 1010: 1005: 991: 989: 988: 983: 975: 954: 953: 932: 931: 919: 918: 906: 905: 872: 871: 870: 841: 839: 838: 833: 756: 754: 753: 748: 746: 745: 729: 727: 726: 721: 719: 718: 702: 700: 699: 694: 682: 680: 679: 674: 672: 668: 667: 653: 645: 644: 643: 628: 623: 593: 591: 590: 585: 570: 568: 567: 562: 538: 536: 535: 530: 528: 527: 515: 514: 495: 493: 492: 487: 479: 478: 457: 456: 440: 438: 437: 432: 420: 418: 417: 412: 410: 406: 405: 404: 383: 382: 381: 380: 357: 356: 335: 334: 333: 332: 309: 290: 286: 285: 271: 263: 262: 261: 246: 241: 211: 209: 208: 203: 191: 189: 188: 183: 169: 168: 149: 147: 146: 141: 119: 117: 116: 111: 105: 74: 72: 71: 66: 41:product topology 21: 3115: 3114: 3110: 3109: 3108: 3106: 3105: 3104: 3085: 3084: 3083: 3078: 3074:Spectral theory 3054:Convex analysis 3038: 2995: 2990: 2943: 2843: 2791:in distribution 2736: 2629: 2459:Logarithmically 2398: 2354: 2337:Essential range 2271: 2212: 2207: 2157: 2142: 2128: 2109: 2074:Markov odometer 2068:and are called 2022: 2021: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2011: 1993: 1986: 1948: 1947: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1937: 1934: 1912: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1902: 1878: 1874: 1866: 1854: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1844: 1824: 1821: 1820: 1796: 1792: 1786: 1782: 1770: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1760: 1744: 1741: 1740: 1719: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1692: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1682: 1661: 1657: 1649: 1646: 1645: 1607: 1603: 1579: 1575: 1557: 1553: 1523: 1519: 1504: 1500: 1491: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1481: 1478:complex numbers 1450: 1447: 1446: 1437: 1405: 1404: 1395: 1391: 1376: 1372: 1357: 1353: 1344: 1340: 1330: 1329: 1325: 1307: 1306: 1297: 1293: 1278: 1274: 1254: 1250: 1235: 1231: 1217: 1213: 1204: 1200: 1193: 1184: 1180: 1165: 1161: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1138: 1104: 1100: 1090: 1089: 1085: 1058: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1048: 1030: 1029: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1019: 999: 996: 995: 971: 949: 945: 927: 923: 914: 910: 898: 894: 866: 865: 861: 859: 856: 855: 797: 794: 793: 790: 741: 737: 735: 732: 731: 714: 710: 708: 705: 704: 688: 685: 684: 683:where for each 663: 659: 655: 646: 639: 635: 634: 624: 613: 607: 604: 603: 579: 576: 575: 544: 541: 540: 523: 519: 510: 506: 504: 501: 500: 474: 470: 452: 448: 446: 443: 442: 426: 423: 422: 400: 396: 376: 372: 371: 367: 352: 348: 328: 324: 323: 319: 299: 298: 294: 281: 277: 273: 264: 257: 253: 252: 242: 231: 225: 222: 221: 197: 194: 193: 164: 160: 158: 155: 154: 129: 126: 125: 95: 83: 80: 79: 60: 57: 56: 53: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3113: 3103: 3102: 3100:Measure theory 3097: 3080: 3079: 3077: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3056: 3050: 3048: 3044: 3043: 3040: 3039: 3037: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3020: 3019: 3009: 3003: 3001: 2992: 2991: 2989: 2988: 2983: 2981:Sard's theorem 2978: 2973: 2968: 2967: 2966: 2964:Lifting theory 2955: 2949: 2945: 2944: 2942: 2941: 2936: 2931: 2926: 2921: 2920: 2919: 2917:Fubini–Tonelli 2909: 2904: 2899: 2898: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2879: 2878: 2877: 2872: 2867: 2859: 2853: 2851: 2845: 2844: 2842: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2821: 2816: 2811: 2805: 2800: 2799: 2798: 2796:in probability 2793: 2783: 2778: 2773: 2767: 2766: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2744: 2742: 2738: 2737: 2735: 2734: 2729: 2724: 2719: 2714: 2709: 2708: 2707: 2697: 2692: 2691: 2690: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2639: 2637: 2631: 2630: 2628: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2577: 2576: 2575: 2570: 2565: 2555: 2550: 2545: 2540: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2510: 2505: 2503:Locally finite 2500: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2470: 2465: 2455: 2450: 2445: 2440: 2435: 2430: 2425: 2420: 2415: 2409: 2407: 2400: 2399: 2397: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2375: 2374: 2364: 2359: 2351: 2346: 2345: 2344: 2334: 2329: 2328: 2327: 2317: 2312: 2307: 2306: 2305: 2295: 2290: 2285: 2279: 2277: 2273: 2272: 2270: 2269: 2260: 2259: 2258: 2248: 2243: 2235: 2230: 2220: 2218: 2217:Basic concepts 2214: 2213: 2210:Measure theory 2206: 2205: 2198: 2191: 2183: 2177: 2176: 2163:"Cylinder Set" 2156: 2153: 2152: 2151: 2145: 2136: 2131: 2122: 2116: 2108: 2105: 2055:-adic measures 2025: 2020: 1951: 1946: 1933: 1930: 1915: 1911: 1884: 1881: 1877: 1872: 1869: 1865: 1862: 1857: 1853: 1828: 1802: 1799: 1795: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1773: 1769: 1748: 1722: 1718: 1695: 1691: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1653: 1633: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1596: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1515: 1512: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1494: 1490: 1454: 1436: 1433: 1410: 1403: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1333: 1328: 1324: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1277: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1262: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1244: 1241: 1238: 1234: 1229: 1225: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1196: 1194: 1192: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1146: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1093: 1088: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1061: 1057: 1033: 1028: 1003: 981: 978: 974: 970: 967: 964: 960: 957: 952: 948: 944: 941: 938: 935: 930: 926: 922: 917: 913: 909: 904: 901: 897: 893: 890: 887: 884: 881: 878: 875: 869: 864: 831: 828: 825: 822: 819: 816: 813: 810: 807: 804: 801: 789: 786: 744: 740: 717: 713: 692: 671: 666: 662: 658: 652: 649: 642: 638: 633: 627: 622: 619: 616: 612: 583: 560: 557: 554: 551: 548: 526: 522: 518: 513: 509: 485: 482: 477: 473: 469: 466: 463: 460: 455: 451: 430: 409: 403: 399: 395: 392: 389: 386: 379: 375: 370: 366: 363: 360: 355: 351: 347: 344: 341: 338: 331: 327: 322: 318: 315: 312: 308: 305: 302: 297: 293: 289: 284: 280: 276: 270: 267: 260: 256: 251: 245: 240: 237: 234: 230: 201: 181: 178: 175: 172: 167: 163: 139: 136: 133: 109: 104: 101: 98: 94: 90: 87: 64: 52: 49: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3112: 3101: 3098: 3096: 3093: 3092: 3090: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3069:Real analysis 3067: 3065: 3062: 3060: 3057: 3055: 3052: 3051: 3049: 3045: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3018: 3015: 3014: 3013: 3010: 3008: 3005: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2993: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2965: 2962: 2961: 2960: 2957: 2956: 2953: 2950: 2948:Other results 2946: 2940: 2937: 2935: 2934:Radon–Nikodym 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2918: 2915: 2914: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2907:Fatou's lemma 2905: 2903: 2900: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2886: 2883: 2882: 2880: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2868: 2866: 2863: 2862: 2860: 2858: 2855: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2846: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2806: 2804: 2801: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2788: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769:Convergence: 2768: 2764: 2761: 2759: 2756: 2754: 2751: 2750: 2749: 2746: 2745: 2743: 2739: 2733: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2723: 2720: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2706: 2703: 2702: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2689: 2686: 2685: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2640: 2638: 2636: 2632: 2626: 2623: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2574: 2573:Outer regular 2571: 2569: 2568:Inner regular 2566: 2564: 2563:Borel regular 2561: 2560: 2559: 2556: 2554: 2551: 2549: 2546: 2544: 2541: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2519: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2476: 2474: 2471: 2469: 2466: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2454: 2451: 2449: 2446: 2444: 2441: 2439: 2436: 2434: 2431: 2429: 2426: 2424: 2421: 2419: 2416: 2414: 2411: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2401: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2373: 2370: 2369: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2343: 2340: 2339: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2326: 2323: 2322: 2321: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2311: 2308: 2304: 2301: 2300: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2289: 2286: 2284: 2281: 2280: 2278: 2274: 2268: 2264: 2261: 2257: 2254: 2253: 2252: 2251:Measure space 2249: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2240: 2236: 2234: 2231: 2229: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2204: 2199: 2197: 2192: 2190: 2185: 2184: 2181: 2174: 2170: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2158: 2149: 2146: 2140: 2137: 2135: 2132: 2126: 2123: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2110: 2104: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2077: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2062:-adic metrics 2061: 2056: 2054: 2049: 2045: 2044:-adic numbers 2043: 2018: 2008: 2006: 2002: 1997: 1990: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1944: 1929: 1913: 1909: 1900: 1882: 1879: 1870: 1867: 1860: 1855: 1851: 1842: 1826: 1818: 1800: 1797: 1787: 1783: 1776: 1771: 1767: 1746: 1738: 1720: 1716: 1693: 1689: 1680: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1651: 1628: 1625: 1616: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1588: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1566: 1558: 1554: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1538: 1532: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1505: 1501: 1492: 1488: 1479: 1475: 1472:(such as the 1471: 1468: 1452: 1445: 1442: 1432: 1430: 1426: 1421: 1408: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1383: 1380: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1326: 1322: 1319: 1313: 1311: 1298: 1294: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1275: 1270: 1267: 1264: 1255: 1251: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1232: 1227: 1218: 1214: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1195: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1166: 1162: 1153: 1149: 1137: 1136:cylinder sets 1132: 1119: 1113: 1110: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1086: 1082: 1079: 1073: 1067: 1059: 1055: 1026: 1017: 1001: 992: 979: 968: 965: 958: 955: 950: 946: 942: 936: 933: 928: 924: 920: 915: 911: 907: 902: 899: 895: 891: 888: 882: 879: 873: 862: 853: 849: 845: 826: 823: 820: 817: 814: 811: 808: 802: 799: 785: 783: 782:Hilbert cubes 779: 775: 771: 766: 764: 760: 742: 738: 715: 711: 690: 669: 664: 660: 656: 650: 647: 640: 636: 631: 625: 620: 617: 614: 610: 601: 597: 581: 572: 558: 555: 552: 549: 546: 524: 520: 516: 511: 507: 499: 483: 480: 475: 471: 467: 464: 461: 458: 453: 449: 428: 407: 401: 397: 393: 387: 377: 373: 368: 364: 361: 358: 353: 349: 345: 339: 329: 325: 320: 316: 313: 310: 306: 303: 300: 295: 291: 287: 282: 278: 274: 268: 265: 258: 254: 249: 243: 238: 235: 232: 228: 219: 215: 199: 179: 173: 170: 165: 161: 153: 137: 134: 131: 123: 107: 102: 99: 96: 92: 88: 85: 78: 62: 48: 46: 42: 38: 34: 33:cylinder sets 30: 19: 18:Open cylinder 2849:Main results 2585:Set function 2513:Metric outer 2468:Decomposable 2325:Cylinder set 2324: 2238: 2166: 2148:Ultraproduct 2078: 2059: 2052: 2047: 2041: 2009: 2004: 1998: 1988: 1982: 1977:, using the 1935: 1932:Applications 1469: 1444:vector space 1438: 1422: 1135: 1133: 993: 847: 843: 791: 778:box topology 769: 767: 573: 218:intersection 121: 54: 32: 26: 2809:compact set 2776:of measures 2712:Pushforward 2705:Projections 2695:Logarithmic 2538:Probability 2528:Pre-measure 2310:Borel space 2228:of measures 1759:; that is, 1708:, and each 1441:dimensional 1425:clopen sets 846:objects or 730:is open in 29:mathematics 3089:Categories 2781:in measure 2508:Maximising 2478:Equivalent 2372:Vitali set 2155:References 2095:, and the 2895:Maharam's 2865:Dominated 2678:Intensity 2673:Hausdorff 2580:Saturated 2498:Invariant 2403:Types of 2362:σ-algebra 2332:𝜆-system 2298:Borel set 2293:Baire set 2173:EMS Press 1880:⊗ 1861:∈ 1798:⊗ 1788:∗ 1777:∈ 1679:Borel set 1655:⊂ 1626:∈ 1598:… 1542:∈ 1514:… 1367:… 1323:∈ 1271:∩ 1268:⋯ 1265:∩ 1228:∩ 1175:… 1083:∈ 969:∈ 963:∀ 956:∈ 937:… 900:− 889:… 821:… 763:generated 648:− 611:⋂ 600:generated 556:≤ 550:≤ 517:⊆ 481:∈ 394:∈ 362:… 346:∈ 317:∣ 311:∈ 266:− 229:⋂ 177:→ 135:∈ 100:∈ 93:∏ 2912:Fubini's 2902:Egorov's 2870:Monotone 2829:variable 2807:Random: 2758:Strongly 2683:Lebesgue 2668:Harmonic 2658:Gaussian 2643:Counting 2610:Spectral 2605:Singular 2595:s-finite 2590:σ-finite 2473:Discrete 2448:Complete 2405:Measures 2379:Null set 2267:function 2107:See also 1871:′ 214:preimage 152:function 2824:process 2819:measure 2814:element 2753:Bochner 2727:Trivial 2722:Tangent 2700:Product 2558:Regular 2536:)  2523:Perfect 2496:)  2461:)  2453:Content 2443:Complex 2384:Support 2357:-system 2246:Measure 2005:Δ-close 1975:measure 1465:over a 1014:is the 848:letters 498:subsets 150:is the 39:of the 35:form a 2890:Jordan 2875:Vitali 2834:vector 2763:Weakly 2625:Vector 2600:Signed 2553:Random 2494:Quasi- 2483:Finite 2463:Convex 2423:Banach 2413:Atomic 2241:spaces 2226:  2001:metric 1992:or by 1897:, the 1815:, the 1644:where 770:finite 31:, the 2732:Young 2653:Euler 2648:Dirac 2620:Tight 2548:Radon 2518:Outer 2488:Inner 2438:Brown 2433:Borel 2428:Besov 2418:Baire 1735:is a 1677:is a 1467:field 1429:union 774:finer 37:basis 2996:For 2885:Hahn 2741:Maps 2663:Haar 2534:Sub- 2288:Atom 2276:Sets 2057:and 1474:real 1047:are 792:Let 594:are 539:for 496:and 2099:of 2091:of 2087:or 2076:. 1996:. 1994:1/2 1819:to 1739:on 1681:in 1476:or 27:In 3091:: 2171:, 2165:, 2103:. 1987:1/ 784:. 703:, 571:. 47:. 2532:( 2492:( 2457:( 2355:π 2265:/ 2239:L 2202:e 2195:t 2188:v 2060:p 2053:p 2048:p 2042:p 2024:Z 2019:S 1989:m 1983:m 1950:Z 1945:S 1914:j 1910:f 1883:n 1876:) 1868:V 1864:( 1856:j 1852:f 1827:V 1801:n 1794:) 1784:V 1780:( 1772:j 1768:f 1747:V 1721:j 1717:f 1694:n 1690:K 1663:n 1659:K 1652:A 1632:} 1629:A 1623:) 1620:) 1617:x 1614:( 1609:n 1605:f 1601:, 1595:, 1592:) 1589:x 1586:( 1581:2 1577:f 1573:, 1570:) 1567:x 1564:( 1559:1 1555:f 1551:( 1548:: 1545:V 1539:x 1536:{ 1533:= 1530:] 1525:n 1521:f 1517:, 1511:, 1506:1 1502:f 1498:[ 1493:A 1489:C 1470:K 1453:V 1409:. 1402:} 1397:m 1393:a 1389:= 1384:m 1381:+ 1378:t 1374:x 1370:, 1364:, 1359:0 1355:a 1351:= 1346:t 1342:x 1338:: 1332:Z 1327:S 1320:x 1317:{ 1314:= 1304:] 1299:m 1295:a 1291:[ 1286:m 1283:+ 1280:t 1276:C 1261:] 1256:1 1252:a 1248:[ 1243:1 1240:+ 1237:t 1233:C 1224:] 1219:0 1215:a 1211:[ 1206:t 1202:C 1198:= 1191:] 1186:m 1182:a 1178:, 1172:, 1167:0 1163:a 1159:[ 1154:t 1150:C 1120:. 1117:} 1114:a 1111:= 1106:t 1102:x 1098:: 1092:Z 1087:S 1080:x 1077:{ 1074:= 1071:] 1068:a 1065:[ 1060:t 1056:C 1032:Z 1027:S 1002:S 980:. 977:} 973:Z 966:k 959:S 951:k 947:x 943:: 940:) 934:, 929:1 925:x 921:, 916:0 912:x 908:, 903:1 896:x 892:, 886:( 883:= 880:x 877:{ 874:= 868:Z 863:S 844:n 830:} 827:n 824:, 818:, 815:2 812:, 809:1 806:{ 803:= 800:S 743:i 739:Y 716:i 712:U 691:i 670:) 665:i 661:U 657:( 651:1 641:i 637:Y 632:p 626:n 621:1 618:= 615:i 582:S 559:n 553:i 547:1 525:i 521:Y 512:i 508:A 484:S 476:n 472:Y 468:. 465:. 462:. 459:, 454:1 450:Y 429:n 408:} 402:n 398:A 391:) 388:x 385:( 378:n 374:Y 369:p 365:, 359:, 354:1 350:A 343:) 340:x 337:( 330:1 326:Y 321:p 314:X 307:) 304:x 301:( 296:{ 292:= 288:) 283:i 279:A 275:( 269:1 259:i 255:Y 250:p 244:n 239:1 236:= 233:i 200:Y 180:Y 174:X 171:: 166:Y 162:p 138:S 132:Y 108:Y 103:S 97:Y 89:= 86:X 63:S 20:)

Index

Open cylinder
mathematics
basis
product topology
cylinder σ-algebra
Cartesian product
function
preimage
intersection
subsets
topological spaces
generated
cylinder σ-algebra
generated
finer
box topology
Hilbert cubes
bi-infinite strings
discrete topology
clopen sets
union
dimensional
vector space
field
real
complex numbers
Borel set
linear functional
algebraic dual space
topological vector spaces

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