278:
266:
22:
151:
229:
making twenty-four little images, 11s. Also for 200 Caen stones, 22s. Also to John, blacksmith, for ironwork for the clock, 3s. 9d, Also delivered to Robert of the Tower, for making of the great dial, 10s; and so much in danger of being lost, because from his poverty he was unable to perfect the work, nor was any thing to be obtained from him. Total, £6. 13s. 9¼.
228:
In the
Compotus for 1323, several entries occur under the head Orologium. Payments of wages to Andrew the carpenter, to Robert, to Roger de Stoke; with the following payment for the latter for carriage of his clothes and tools, 8s. For a hose of Latoun, 4s. 7½d. Also to Master Adam, the sculptor, for
205:
as a result of his poor workmanship on the clock. Other men who were hired to complete the job in London ruined the material, and the dial plate was only completed to a satisfactory standard after the clockmaker Robert de Stoke rode to London to supervise its construction. The 24 small images known
225:. Sounds purchased, 16d; for making five images, 20s. Item, boys making heads, 3s. In wages of Master Robert, 30s. Andrew and Roger, carpenters, are also mentioned as employed at this period. The total of the expenditure, between Michaelmas and Christmas, amounted to £4. 19s 8¼d.
313:" or clock-jacks. Built for use indoors, they are 51 centimetres (20 in) high, helmeted and in Jacobean era costume, with hammers to strike the bells. The jacks were removed after it was decided that "their curious movements" were too distracting during
200:
moon, a sun (gilt copper) and brass pointers on the interior dial, which was painted on a panel and located under the exterior one. The dial was completed after having been originally wrecked by the clockmaker Robert de Turri, who became
98:" or clock-jacks have survived. The jacks were sold in around 1800, but were returned to the cathedral in 1878. They are located above the southern exit door, close to the original position of the astronomical clock.
83: moon and sun painted on the panel. There were images on the dial that may have represented the hours; 30 other images represented the days of the month. The clock's costs were recorded by the
253:
d (equivalent to about £3,000) was spent on it, which accounted for a third of the sacrist’s debts for that year. By 1324 large complex clocks were described as being common in
English
292:
The medieval clock was destroyed by fire in the 17th century, and was replaced by a simpler one in around 1620. A painting made in around 1630 (known to exist in
196:
The new clock was built to a high artistic standard. The exterior dial was made of an iron plate that weighed 39 kilograms (86 lb). There was a painted and
954:
138:
The clock would have been expensive to build and maintain. It was unreliable enough for a new one to be commissioned, when in 1308 a visiting
243:
The clock cost £52 9s 6d to build, equivalent to about £24,000 in modern currency. It was expensive to maintain—in its second year £6 13s 9
301:
206:
to have been on the dial possibly represented each of the 24 hours in a day; another 30 images represented the days of the month.
94:
The clock was destroyed in a fire in the 17th century and was replaced in about 1620 by a simpler device, now lost, although two "
60:. It replaced an earlier 13th-century "old clock", one of the earliest weight-driven mechanical timekeepers made in England.
321:
at the cathedral. Briggs travelled around the region and used the jacks when working as an entertainer, singing and putting on a
959:
916:
833:
812:
769:
745:
719:
114:. The reference to a payment for a mechanical clock at the priory, dated 1273, is the first to occur in England. A clock at
79:. It was built to a high artistic standard—the exterior dial weighed 39 kilograms (86 lb) and the interior dial had a
328:
In 1878 the jacks were donated to the cathedral. Once designed to move on a pivot, they were fixed on an oak stand with a
325:
act. He returned to
Norwich when he retired in 1845, after which the jacks were sold. They were subsequently repaired.
877:
908:
181:, and the surviving records relating to its construction contain the earliest account known of the making of an
129:), as the rope needed to be replaced. When repairs were done in 1322, it was referred to as "the old clock" (
277:
608:
783:
734:
964:
265:
310:
270:
125:) was already being repaired by 1290. It was almost certainly weight-driven (as opposed to being a
95:
91: from 1322 to 1325, which provide the earliest known detailed account of English clockmaking.
174:
332:
inscription below each one, along with a poem on card, accompanied by an
English translation.
21:
150:
8:
296:, Norwich, in 1946) described the south transept as "the Ile where the clock standeth".
864:
293:
214:
213:
from 1322 to 1325; these provide the earliest known detailed account of clockmaking in
170:
111:
64:
57:
53:
933:
912:
829:
808:
789:
765:
755:
741:
715:
155:
107:
68:
25:
708:
Atherton, Ian; Fernie, Eric; Harper-Bill, Christopher; Smith, Hassell, eds. (1996).
889:
856:
115:
305:, "this clock fell into disrepair, and was never restored." The only parts of the
902:
823:
802:
759:
709:
538:
536:
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451:
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410:
314:
937:
948:
793:
623:
531:
322:
463:
448:
407:
779:
729:
369:
The present clock in the south transept dates from the early 19th century.
306:
281:
177:. It is the earliest recorded example of a large clock designed to include
860:
761:
Norwich
Cathedral Close: The Evolution of the English Cathedral Landscape
318:
126:
119:
84:
317:. In around 1800 they came into the possession of a Mr Briggs, a former
390:
190:
868:
844:
254:
202:
182:
37:
893:
118:
was recorded in 1283, but the clock at
Norwich (which was at time a
186:
178:
159:
76:
49:
33:
825:
God's
Clockmaker: Richard of Wallingford and the Invention of Time
385:
A part of the
Sacrist's Roll for 1324–1325 can be seen in Beeson,
393:(in Latin) relates to the construction of the astronomical clock.
197:
166:
80:
210:
139:
122:
88:
72:
707:
629:
542:
469:
457:
418:
222:
329:
29:
736:
387:
929:
Curiosities of Clocks and Watches from the Earliest Times
589:
548:
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642:
640:
638:
567:
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497:
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110:
was one of the earliest mechanical timekeepers made in
711:
Norwich Cathedral: Church, City and Diocese, 1096–1996
635:
560:
673:
654:
577:
507:
492:
475:
785:
Gleanings among the Castles and Convents of Norfolk
424:
904:Medieval Robots :Mechanism, Magic, Nature, and Art
733:
519:
436:
946:
185:dial. It was built into a wall across the south
56:, and the first to possess an astronomical
354:Phoebus, I tell all the hours and all is right,
273:or clock-jacks still preserved in the cathedral
48:was the earliest example of a large clock with
286:Norwich Cathedral, South Transept and Cloister
343:Nec magis errarem, rector mihi si foret idem,
209:The clock’s costs were recorded in Sacrist's
142:complained and demanded that it be replaced.
360:If he ruled me, who guides you and each star
345:Nos qui, et quaeque regit motibus astra suis
358:Nor I no more than you, in aught should err
356:As thou and thy pale sister, day and night,
339:Horas significo cunctas quas Phoebe diebus,
337:
130:
347:Tempora nam recte designo, si mihi doctus,
955:Astronomical clocks in the United Kingdom
754:
691:
341:Quas solet atque tua pallida nocte soror;
260:
221:Clock – For one plate of metal bought, 4½
145:
364:My learned helper will his help impart.
362:For times I rightly tell, if of his art,
302:Journal of the Royal Musical Association
276:
264:
149:
20:
875:
842:
679:
667:
648:
571:
947:
900:
849:Proceedings of the Musical Association
778:
764:. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press.
728:
595:
583:
554:
513:
501:
486:
821:
430:
101:
87:monks in the priory's Sacrist’s
925:
800:
525:
442:
349:Custos assiduam conferat artis opem.
46:Norwich Cathedral astronomical clock
299:According to a 1917 article in the
162:is marked with the letters B and K.
13:
730:Beeson, Cyril Frederik Cherrington
14:
976:
843:Starmer, William Wooding (1917).
173:was built when William Kirby was
909:University of Pennsylvania Press
878:"The Bells of Norwich Cathedral"
828:. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
807:. London; New York: Continuum.
714:. London: The Hambleton Press.
609:"Currency converter: 1270–2017"
601:
379:
1:
804:Life in the Medieval Cloister
400:
288:, Norwich Museums Collections
960:Individual clocks in England
901:Truitt, Elly Rachel (2017).
845:"The Clock Jacks of England"
7:
932:. London: Richard Bentley.
16:Historical clock in England
10:
981:
701:
309:clock to survive are two "
234:Modern translation of the
926:Wood, Edward J. (1866).
876:Thurlow, A.G.G. (1946).
372:
193:were used for the base.
788:. Norwich: C. Muskett.
611:. The National Archives
154:A 19th century plan of
367:
338:
289:
274:
261:The 17th-century clock
241:
236:Sacrist Rolls, Norwich
163:
146:The astronomical clock
131:
106:The original clock at
41:
334:
280:
268:
219:
153:
24:
822:North, John (2007).
801:Kerr, Julie (2009).
630:Atherton et al. 1996
543:Atherton et al. 1996
470:Atherton et al. 1996
458:Atherton et al. 1996
419:Atherton et al. 1996
189:, and 200 pieces of
882:Norfolk Archaeology
861:10.1093/jrma/44.1.1
598:, pp. 339–340.
557:, pp. 16, 104.
132:antiquum horologium
71:was located in the
871:– via JSTOR.
756:Gilchrist, Roberta
315:cathedral services
290:
275:
171:astronomical clock
164:
102:The original clock
65:astronomical clock
42:
40:in the foreground)
965:Norwich Cathedral
918:978-08122-2-357-6
835:978-18528-5-571-0
814:978-18472-5-161-9
771:978-18438-3-173-0
747:978-0-901180-04-9
721:978-1-85285-134-7
269:The 17th-century
156:Norwich Cathedral
108:Norwich Cathedral
69:Norwich Cathedral
44:The 14th-century
26:Norwich Cathedral
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941:
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907:. Philadelphia:
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116:Dunstable Priory
112:medieval England
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294:Strangers' Hall
284:(before 1839),
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17:
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5:
978:
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813:
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746:
740:. Phillimore.
726:
720:
703:
700:
697:
696:
694:, p. 256.
692:Gilchrist 2005
684:
672:
653:
634:
632:, p. 251.
622:
600:
588:
576:
559:
547:
545:, p. 442.
530:
518:
516:, p. 299.
506:
504:, p. 104.
491:
489:, p. 147.
474:
472:, p. 443.
462:
460:, p. 243.
447:
435:
433:, p. 153.
423:
421:, p. 441.
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100:
75:'s south
15:
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2:
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781:
780:Harrod, Henry
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664:
662:
660:
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651:, p. 96.
650:
645:
643:
641:
639:
631:
626:
610:
604:
597:
592:
586:, p. 17.
585:
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574:, p. 95.
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566:
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556:
551:
544:
539:
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528:, p. 35.
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483:
481:
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459:
454:
452:
445:, p. 41.
444:
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411:
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392:
389:, p. 17. The
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331:
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323:ventriloquist
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238:, (1322–1323)
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35:
31:
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23:
19:
928:
903:
888:(1): 89–96.
885:
881:
852:
848:
824:
803:
784:
760:
735:
710:
687:
682:, p. 7.
680:Starmer 1917
675:
670:, p. 8.
668:Starmer 1917
649:Thurlow 1946
625:
613:. Retrieved
603:
591:
579:
572:Thurlow 1946
550:
521:
509:
465:
438:
426:
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368:
336:
327:
300:
298:
291:
285:
282:John Thirtle
242:
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227:
220:
208:
195:
183:astronomical
165:
158:; the south
137:
105:
93:
62:
45:
43:
18:
596:Harrod 1857
584:Beeson 1971
555:Beeson 1971
514:Harrod 1857
502:Beeson 1971
487:Truitt 2017
319:bell-ringer
311:jacquemarts
271:jacquemarts
127:water clock
120:Benedictine
96:jacquemarts
85:Benedictine
949:Categories
938:1013260784
431:North 2007
401:References
391:manuscript
255:cathedrals
191:Caen stone
32:and south
794:942847068
526:Wood 1866
443:Kerr 2009
203:insolvent
169:’s great
38:cloisters
855:: 1–17.
782:(1857).
758:(2005).
732:(1971).
307:Jacobean
232:—
187:transept
179:automata
160:transept
77:transept
50:automata
34:transept
702:Sources
615:21 June
248:⁄
215:England
167:Norwich
54:England
36:, with
936:
915:
869:765764
867:
832:
811:
792:
768:
744:
718:
140:bishop
123:priory
73:priory
865:JSTOR
373:Notes
330:Latin
211:Rolls
175:prior
89:Rolls
30:spire
934:OCLC
913:ISBN
830:ISBN
809:ISBN
790:OCLC
766:ISBN
742:ISBN
716:ISBN
617:2021
198:gilt
81:gilt
63:The
58:dial
890:doi
857:doi
217::
135:).
67:at
52:in
951::
911:.
886:29
884:.
880:.
863:.
853:44
851:.
847:.
656:^
637:^
562:^
533:^
494:^
477:^
450:^
409:^
257:.
940:.
921:.
896:.
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619:.
250:2
246:1
223:d
28:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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