5365:
5329:
5401:
5347:
5437:
5311:
5293:
5383:
98:
4738:
83:
2610:
5419:
1159:
always the chance of a deluge. In the lowlands, the climate is typically tropical with the average temperature is around 28°C to 30°C throughout the year. January is typically the coolest month and May is the hottest month. Relative humidity varies from 70% during the day to 90% at night. The Dry Zone of the Sri Lanka is the north and east of the island, this region is affected by the north east monsoon (December to March) and southwest monsoon (June to
October). It is thought to be dry because most of the rains fall during the north-east monsoon.
71:
2624:
56:
5233:
110:
2862:
948:
2596:
3255:
4598:
4617:
4590:
3094:
3106:
4535:
3079:
3071:
3055:
3047:
3031:
3023:
3007:
2999:
2983:
2975:
2959:
2951:
4571:
762:
2889:
nations provide a steady flow of foreign remittances to their relatives in the province. However, with the election victory of
President Maithripala Sirisena and the removal of restrictions that prevented foreigners from visiting the north contributed to the sense of economic renewal alongside the development of
3417:
Few newspapers are published in the province now in the principal language of Tamil. None in
English and Sinhala. Before the Civil war commenced dozens of newspapers and magazines were published. Press freedom is limited and mostly censored by Government and Pro-government paramilitaries. Now most of
2913:
The
Northern Province's contribution the gross domestic product is the lowest among the nine provinces representing only 3.5% of the overall GDP in 2015 however the provincial gross domestic product nominal growth rate was 12.1% in 2015 and is the fastest growing province alongside the North Central
2893:
the Palali
Airport. Hospitals and schools as well as a cultural center and vocational training facility is being built in Jaffna. Investments have also started to flow into an industries such chemical and cement factories, hotels, apparel factories, power plants and aquaculture farms. As of 2018 the
1158:
Sri Lanka enjoys a typical tropical monsoonal climate. The
Northern Province tends to be hot and dry in the dry season (February to September), and moderately cool and wet in the wet season (October to January). The province's climate is of the tropical kind, and therefore during monsoons there is
2888:
along with fishing made a major contribution to the economy. However now they have been abandoned and the factories are rusting. Close to a third of the population is unemployed far more than Sri Lanka and work is mostly informal and thus unstable. The population that managed to flee to foreign
878:
The proclamations were only meant to be a temporary measure until a referendum was held in the
Eastern Province on a permanent merger between the two provinces. However, the referendum was never held and successive Sri Lankan presidents issued proclamations annually extending the life of the
3690:
902:
for the East. On 16 October 2006 the
Supreme Court ruled that the proclamations issued by President Jayewardene were null and void and had no legal effect. The North Eastern Province was formally de-merged into the Northern and Eastern provinces on 1 January 2007.
797:. They divided the island into three ethnic based administrative structures: Low Country Sinhalese, Kandyan Sinhalese and Tamil. The Northern Province was part of the Tamil administration. In 1833, in accordance with the recommendations of the
5116:
5111:
4942:
4914:
2917:
Northern
Province being an agricultural dominant province, where agricultural sector is 25.9% and trade sector comes next to it is 19.3%. Most of the people engaged in service sector covering 31.2% of the total.
5103:
5041:
5046:
4885:
4237:
5068:
5126:
5063:
5170:
4990:
4834:
5202:
5088:
5033:
4877:
5051:
5215:
5083:
5078:
5073:
3198:, but by 2015 it was reconstructed past Jaffna to its terminus at Kankesanthirai. Both lines are under reconstruction to restore the original network and upgrade the operating technology used.
3665:
917:
While the
Northern province has seen an era of peace after the end of the war, the scars left by the war still remain. Despite the large amount of infrastructure projects undertaken by the
1600:. Most of the Sri Lankan Moors and Sinhalese who lived in the province fled to other parts of Sri Lanka, though most of them have returned to the province since the end of the civil war.
5220:
4890:
5093:
4759:
4895:
4671:
5364:
5328:
935:
imposed a travel ban to prevent foreigners from traveling to the former war zone in the province. The ban was lifted three months later by the newly elected president
722:. The province has an area of 8,884 km, making it the 3rd largest province by area, and a population of 1,061,315, making it the least populated province. The city of
3957:
5400:
5346:
5382:
5436:
5310:
5292:
4358:
2745:
4082:
4400:
3427:
3518:
3497:
2812:
3292:
since 1974. The university has approximately 7,000 students. The province is known for its institutions of education, many of which were established by
3935:
5155:
4664:
3675:
123:
5267:
3871:
3514:
3493:
3116:
Transport infrastructure in the province is poorly developed and limits economic activity. Most people still use bullock carts for transportation.
2757:
921:, at the cost of over $ 3 billion, the projects have been unable to create new jobs and as a result the province is suffers from extreme levels of
5134:
3267:
4169:
801:, the ethnic based administrative structures were unified into a single administration divided into five geographic provinces. The districts of
5418:
4847:
4774:
4769:
4754:
4508:
2780:
1 seat. On 10 December 1988 Annamalai Varatharajah Perumal of the EPRLF became the first Chief Minister of the North-East Provincial Council.
4779:
2623:
1446:
4137:
4842:
4657:
3501:
844:
to be held by 31 December 1988 in the Eastern Province to decide whether the merger should be permanent. Crucially, the accord allowed the
3829:
5178:
2783:
On 1 March 1990, just as the IPKF were preparing to withdraw from Sri Lanka, Permual moved a motion in the North-East Provincial Council
4051:
3807:
890:
controlling this province, directly or indirectly, alarmed them greatly. On 14 July 2006, after a long campaign against the merger, the
3559:
2761:
3615:
3594:
1138:
Northern Province is covered in tropical forests, with numerous rivers flowing through them. The north-west coast is part of the deep
4746:
4305:
4106:
4689:
3691:"Asylum seekers returned home by Australian naval vessels complain the authorities took their iPhones, credit cards and cameras"
82:
5474:
4852:
272:
2772:
groups, won all of the 36 seats in the north uncontested. However, elections did take place for the 35 seats in the east. The
5469:
5236:
97:
5260:
5210:
4120:
3909:
2815:
were held in the demerged the Eastern Province which was followed by elections in the Northern Province in September 2013.
1588:. The war killed an estimated 100,000 people. Several hundred thousand Sri Lankan Tamils, possibly as much as one million,
1183:
749:
population, the Northern Province is sometimes referred to as "Sri Lanka's Tamil country". The majority of fighting in the
75:
4905:
4157:
2647:
1162:
Annual rainfall is less than 1250 mm in the north west and south east of the Inland. It has two rainy seasons South
4459:, Fabry, Philippe; Lisa Fabry-Bewley, Alexandra Fabry & Emmanuel Fabry, Viator Publications (Pvt) Ltd, Negombo, 2003
906:
Much of the Northern Province was under the control of rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam for many years during the
4501:
1211:
3739:
5371:
5335:
4631:
4626:
2749:
2731:
2727:
2657:
First elected representation at provincial level to a legislative came about after the Second Manning Reforms of the
987:
983:
872:
814:
742:
577:
2894:
apparel industry of the province employ 7,917 staff and represent an investment of US$ 65 million with factories in
5188:
5183:
4712:
3210:
is the primary airport in the province, once an international airport that had regular passenger flight service to
2708:
2609:
887:
871:
enabling the Northern and Eastern provinces to be one administrative unit administered by one elected Council. The
254:
3406:
in 1930 and Thinakaran in 1932 and journals committed to the growth of modernistic, socially purposive literature
963:(also known as Sethu Paalam or Rama's Bridge). It has an area of 8,884 square kilometres (3,430 sq mi).
70:
5479:
5253:
4089:
4013:
3895:
4404:
4359:"Agreement for supply and installation of Signaling & Telecommunication system for Northern railway network"
4225:"Commissioner of Elections Announces Nomination Dates For North, Central and North Western Provincial Councils"
3647:
3530:
3175:
899:
173:
4494:
4288:
2658:
798:
3793:
434:
109:
5407:
4927:
4707:
3943:
3695:
3207:
2838:
2756:(IPKF), which at that time occupied the North-East Province, rigged the elections in the north so that the
2696:
2669:, representatives from the province were elected to parliament. Currently Two Electoral Districts, namely
1112:
863:
and the Provincial Councils Act No 42 of 1987, establishing provincial councils. On September 2 and 8 1988
4445:
Ancient Jaffna, Being a research into the History of Jaffna from Very Early Times to the Portuguese Period
5443:
5317:
5299:
4862:
4636:
4201:
4037:
2803:
2784:
2690:
2615:
738:
264:
3881:
3459:
2826:
was appointed Chief Minister of the Northern Province following the provincial council elections 2013.
2753:
918:
895:
864:
597:
475:
5003:
4857:
4722:
4173:
3153:
2773:
2719:
2704:
2670:
2630:
2410:
1589:
891:
886:. The new province made up about one fourth of the total area of Sri Lanka. The thought of the rebel
860:
565:
512:
5160:
4867:
4439:
Peninsular Jaffna from ancient to medieval times, Its significant historical and settlement aspects
3777:
3760:
3167:
2715:
2700:
2674:
2666:
2601:
856:
55:
4486:
4270:
1569:
The population of the northern province was 1,058,762 in 2012. The majority of the population are
813:) and Vanni formed the new Northern Province. Nuvarakalaviya was transferred to the newly created
5056:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4141:
3833:
3811:
3745:
3724:
3455:
2846:
2834:
2595:
1570:
837:
746:
442:
285:
3714:
1115:
around Sri Lanka are to be found to the west of the Northern Province. The largest islands are:
5276:
4950:
3837:
3437:
3432:
3395:
3259:
3191:
3171:
1584:
The population of the province, like that of the Eastern Province, was heavily affected by the
1457:
1196:
1179:
929:
845:
786:
715:
203:
46:
955:
Northern Province is located in the north of Sri Lanka and is just 22 miles (35 km) from
5389:
4062:
3815:
3227:
2842:
2777:
2735:
2695:
Until 1978, the administration of the provinces in Sri Lanka where mainly carried out by the
2678:
2420:
2405:
1596:
during the war. Many Sri Lankan Tamils also moved to the relative safety of the capital city
1050:
883:
852:
825:
821:
810:
534:
501:
493:
336:
318:
298:
4030:
3971:
3570:
5139:
4805:
4727:
3975:
3289:
3281:
3271:
3187:
2899:
1585:
1284:
1089:
1038:
936:
907:
750:
346:
341:
221:
4737:
4424:
4196:
8:
4815:
4649:
1350:
1085:
911:
774:
308:
231:
3856:
3149:
2662:
2415:
1624:
1206:
1124:
614:
523:
366:
356:
303:
277:
4922:
4820:
4784:
3345:
3243:
2885:
2823:
1518:
1478:
1383:
1322:
998:
932:
833:
782:
734:
649:
637:
323:
313:
236:
4471:, Ludowyk, E. F. C. & Ernest MaCintyre, Vijitha Yapa Publications, Colombo, 2006
4372:
3990:
4932:
4764:
3471:
3239:
3195:
2819:
1629:
1578:
1574:
1030:
994:
960:
704:
464:
453:
351:
4810:
4800:
3215:
2903:
2830:
1553:
1538:
1523:
1508:
1493:
1317:
1251:
1218:
1187:
1097:
1093:
1062:
1026:
1014:
1010:
806:
802:
226:
216:
4344:
4697:
4581:
3765:(2nd (revised) ed.). Colombo: The Colombo Apothecaries Co. pp. 39–40.
3710:
3223:
2890:
2822:
was sworn in as the Governor of Northern Province with effect 12 July 2009 and
2797:
Since the early 1990s parts of the north-east provinces were controlled by the
1548:
1101:
967:
790:
770:
693:
625:
610:
4447:, Rasanayagam, Mudaliyar C., Asian Educational Services (AES), New Delhi, 1984
761:
5463:
4605:
4559:
4552:
3179:
3098:
2881:
2634:
1593:
1105:
1077:
1018:
979:
868:
328:
138:
125:
3418:
the Tamil, English, Sinhala magazines come from Colombo and Chennai, India.
5425:
4331:
4138:"Ethnic Conflict of Sri Lanka: Time Line - From Independence to 1999, ICES"
3782:(2nd (revised) ed.). Colombo: The Colombo Apothecaries Co. p. 84.
3296:
3293:
2788:
2769:
2739:
1619:
1503:
1201:
1147:
1081:
1066:
1034:
922:
727:
361:
3238:
and Jaffna are available. There are a few small airports and airstrips in
2807:
newspaper, prevented elections. The north-east was governed directly from
5245:
4998:
4717:
4545:
4386:
4224:
3332:
3254:
3183:
3157:
2791:
1533:
1289:
1128:
1116:
1054:
1042:
975:
3958:"Sri Lanka: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population"
3666:"Tamil leaders unite against invite to Sri Lanka for Modi's swearing-in"
3163:
Most of the railways were developed during the British colonial period.
3141:
There are number of underdeveloped C and D Class roads in the province.
4528:
3371:
3277:
3190:. For a time during reconstruction the Northern Line operated south of
2907:
2866:
2861:
1355:
1006:
841:
557:
4453:, Tambiah, H. W., Women's Education and Research Centre, Colombo, 2004
3910:"Sri Lanka Scraps Ban on Foreigners Visiting Northern Former War Zone"
1164:
West Monsoon- May to August, North East Monsoon- November to February.
3876:
3720:
2877:
2723:
1143:
1132:
1120:
1022:
947:
769:
Parts of present-day Northern Province were part of the pre-colonial
719:
661:
552:
158:
4465:, Martyn, John H., Asian Educational Services (AES), New Delhi, 2003
3483:
2001 Census was only carried out partially in the Northern province.
1142:(Kaveri) River Basin of south-east India, which has been collecting
793:
control. In 1815 the British gained control of the entire island of
5008:
4702:
4516:
3995:
3670:
3633:
3595:"A2 : Population by ethnic group according to districts, 2012"
3358:
2895:
2884:
in the civil and business sectors. Before the civil war cement and
1473:
1388:
1046:
1002:
971:
587:
196:
4061:. Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka. Archived from
3569:. Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka. Archived from
3235:
3231:
3211:
2873:
2808:
1597:
1139:
1058:
829:
778:
4441:, Fernando, A. D. N., Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1987
3105:
3093:
4170:"I'm no traitor, says Perumal, Sunday Island 10 September 2000"
4158:
Sri Lanka" The Untold Story by K T Rajasingham (via Asia Times)
3616:"A3 : Population by religion according to districts, 2012"
3319:
3285:
3109:
1488:
1256:
1146:
from the highlands of India and Sri Lanka since the breakup of
1073:
794:
723:
186:
4249:
4540:
4469:
Jaffna and Colombo, A century of relationships in three plays
4306:"New businesses to add over 1,300 jobs in northern Sri Lanka"
4250:"Daily Mirror - Sri Lanka Latest Breaking News and Headlines"
3219:
2922:
Gross State Domestic Product in Rs. Crores and Current Prices
2765:
956:
1610:
Population of Northern Province by ethnic group 1881 to 2012
993:
The province is divided into two distinct geographic areas:
3284:
which became independent in 1979, previously having been a
3194:, while the Mannar Line operates between Medawachchiya and
2850:
2798:
4679:
4425:
Wholesale attack on Tamil newspapers, Journalist kidnapped
3872:"Sri Lanka's North-East to remain united for another year"
3206:
Airways and airports are underdeveloped in this province.
4107:"How Did The Provincial Councils Become White Elephants?"
3124:
Major roads in Province are divided into two categories:
4481:
4463:
Notes on Jaffna, Chronological, historical, biographical
4052:"Population by religion and district, Census 1981, 2001"
3398:
By the 1940s, daily newspapers had already been started
2396:
Population of Northern Province by religion 1981 to 2012
894:
political party filed three separate petitions with the
4345:"Indian Railways makes a beeline for the Lankan tracks"
2726:
for provincial councils took place on 28 April 1988 in
673:
4014:"Enumeration of Vital Events 2011 - Northern Province"
3152:
operates the country's railway network, including the
4271:"Is Sri Lanka's peace dividend finally within reach?"
3303:
Total Schools of Northern Province (1981) and (2006)
3262:
is one of the oldest schools in the Northern Province
3230:
again with the help of India. Daily flights between
3137:- Maintained and controlled by Provincial Government.
2801:, which according to the Sri Lankan government owned
2661:
which assigned a seat to the Northern Province. With
3428:
List of settlements in Northern Province (Sri Lanka)
2872:
The majority of the people earn their livelihood as
2776:
won 17 seats, EPRLF 12 seats, ENDLF 5 seats and the
781:
to the Jaffna kingdom. The province then came under
733:
Between 1988 and 2006, the province was temporarily
4019:. Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka.
3972:"Up to 100,000 killed in Sri Lanka's civil war: UN"
3622:. Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka.
3601:. Department of Census & Statistics, Sri Lanka.
3131:- Maintained and controlled by Central Government.
2752:were scheduled for 19 November 1988. However, the
2707:and the Provincial Councils Act, No. 42 of 1987,
5461:
3896:"Papal Visit Rekindles Hopes in Former War Zone"
832:powers to the provinces and, in the interim, to
4517:Places adjacent to Northern Province, Sri Lanka
3268:List of schools in Northern Province, Sri Lanka
1001:. Jaffna peninsula is irrigated by underground
4373:"Palali airport to be upgraded to int'l level"
848:to postpone the referendum at his discretion.
5261:
4904:
4665:
4502:
4457:the Essential guide for Jaffna and its region
4342:
2758:Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front
1447:List of towns in Northern Province, Sri Lanka
35:
4451:The laws and customs of the Tamils of Jaffna
4401:"The Hindu : The first Madras graduate"
4327:
4325:
3560:"Area of Sri Lanka by province and district"
836:the Northern and Eastern provinces into one
5179:Jaffna Diocese of the Church of South India
4343:Bhattacharjya, Satarupa (17 January 2010).
4265:
4263:
4238:G A Chandrasiri re-appointed as NP Governor
4197:"Opposition campaign under unholy alliance"
4083:"The Manning Constitutional Reforms (1920)"
2722:established provincial councils. The first
1178:The Northern Province is divided into five
1168:
29:
5275:
5268:
5254:
4672:
4658:
4509:
4495:
4289:"Provincial Gross Domestic Product – 2015"
4195:Kulatunga, K.M.H.C.B. (30 November 2014).
4008:
4006:
2762:Eelam National Democratic Liberation Front
2677:which elects 15 of the 225 members of the
2641:
959:. It is connected with Indian mainland by
4322:
4194:
4077:
4075:
3991:"Twenty years on - riots that led to war"
3869:
3610:
3608:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3583:
1440:
4793:
4332:http://www.np.gov.lk/pdf/development.pdf
4260:
3988:
3709:
3688:
3620:Census of Population & Housing, 2011
3599:Census of Population & Housing, 2011
3394:(Morning Star) was published in 1841 by
3253:
3222:. It had been under the control of the
3104:
3092:
2860:
2652:
946:
760:
4113:
4003:
3859:. LankaNewspapers.com. 20 October 2022.
3741:Ceylon Under British Rule (1795 - 1932)
982:to the north and east and the Eastern,
5462:
4072:
4023:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3605:
3580:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3548:
1415:
1153:
5249:
4653:
4490:
4153:
4151:
3870:Sambandan, V. S. (14 November 2003).
3775:
3758:
3737:
3648:"A trip to Sri Lanka's Tamil country"
3414:in 1946 had also started coming out.
2684:
910:. The province was recaptured by the
753:took place in the Northern province.
392:8,290 km (3,200 sq mi)
384:8,884 km (3,430 sq mi)
4524:
3800:
3135:B Class roads or Provincial Highways
2818:Following the end of the civil war,
824:signed on 29 July 1987 required the
4848:Government of the Northern Province
3844:
3545:
2711:were established in the Provinces.
2699:of the districts. Through the 13th
2648:Government of the Northern Province
882:The merger was bitterly opposed by
13:
4148:
4121:"Hand book on Provincial councils"
3989:Harrison, Frances (23 July 2003).
3936:"Climate and Seasons in Sri Lanka"
3129:A Class roads or National Highways
966:The province is surrounded by the
114:Districts of the Northern Province
14:
5491:
4475:
5435:
5417:
5399:
5381:
5363:
5345:
5327:
5309:
5291:
5232:
5231:
5189:Roman Catholic Diocese of Mannar
5184:Roman Catholic Diocese of Jaffna
4736:
4615:
4596:
4588:
4569:
4533:
4361:. Asian Tribune. 18 August 2011.
3794:"Indo Sri Lanka Agreement, 1987"
3689:Chambers, Geoff (10 July 2014).
3226:and now has been turned into an
3078:
3077:
3070:
3069:
3054:
3053:
3046:
3045:
3030:
3029:
3022:
3021:
3006:
3005:
2998:
2997:
2982:
2981:
2974:
2973:
2958:
2957:
2950:
2949:
2622:
2608:
2594:
888:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
108:
96:
81:
69:
54:
4432:
4418:
4393:
4379:
4365:
4351:
4336:
4298:
4281:
4242:
4231:
4217:
4188:
4162:
4130:
4099:
4044:
3982:
3964:
3950:
3928:
3902:
3888:
3863:
3857:"North-East merger illegal: SC"
3822:
3786:
3769:
3752:
3524:
3507:
3486:
3477:
3465:
3449:
3390:The first newspaper in Jaffna,
1564:
4031:"Statistical Information 2010"
3731:
3703:
3682:
3658:
3640:
3626:
3521:divisions - no data available.
3504:divisions - no data available.
3276:The Northern Province has one
2720:1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka
2705:1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka
861:1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka
809:, Nuvarakalaviya (present day
1:
5475:1833 establishments in Ceylon
4616:
4570:
3674:. 23 May 2014. Archived from
3539:
2659:Legislative Council of Ceylon
1072:The province has a number of
928:In late 2014, then-incumbent
799:Colebrooke-Cameron Commission
5470:Northern Province, Sri Lanka
4928:Jaffna International Airport
4708:Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism
4682:Northern Province, Sri Lanka
4597:
4589:
3696:The Daily Telegraph (Sydney)
3249:
3208:Jaffna International Airport
3160:, in the Northern Province.
3088:
2839:Illankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi
1603:
1173:
942:
919:Mahinda Rajapaksa government
773:. Other parts were ruled by
7:
4863:Northern Provincial Council
4482:Northern Provincial Council
4038:Northern Provincial Council
3421:
2691:Northern Provincial Council
2616:Shrine of Our Lady of Madhu
2389:
1557:
1542:
1527:
1512:
1497:
1482:
265:Northern Provincial Council
10:
5496:
3265:
3186:were destroyed during the
3166:The railway lines between
2856:
2754:Indian Peace Keeping Force
2688:
2645:
2550:
2510:
2470:
2353:
2319:
2285:
2251:
2217:
2183:
2149:
2115:
2081:
2047:
2013:
1979:
1945:
1911:
1877:
1843:
1809:
1775:
1741:
1707:
1673:
1444:
1393:M. K. Bandula Harischandra
1392:
1387:
1382:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1260:
1255:
1250:
756:
400:3rd (13.54% of total area)
5283:
5229:
5201:
5169:
5148:
5125:
5102:
5032:
5025:
4989:
4941:
4913:
4876:
4858:Jaffna Electoral District
4833:
4745:
4734:
4723:Burning of Jaffna library
4688:
4522:
4059:Statistical Abstract 2011
3738:Mills, Lennox A. (1933).
3567:Statistical Abstract 2011
2774:Sri Lanka Muslim Congress
2671:Jaffna Electoral District
2665:been enabled through the
2631:Nagadeepa Purana Viharaya
2427:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2401:
1636:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1615:
892:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna
708:
697:
668:
656:
644:
632:
620:
606:
596:
586:
576:
564:
551:
543:
532:
521:
510:
499:
492:
484:
473:
462:
451:
440:
433:
425:
421:9th (5.22% of total pop.)
417:
409:
404:
396:
388:
380:
375:
283:
270:
260:
250:
245:
202:
192:
182:
172:
164:
154:
119:
107:
102:Location within Sri Lanka
95:
65:
53:
44:
36:
30:
24:
5161:Jaffna Teaching Hospital
4891:Buildings and Structures
4868:Vanni Electoral District
3779:Ceylon Under the British
3762:Ceylon Under the British
3634:"Provinces of Sri Lanka"
3443:
3385:
2675:Vanni Electoral District
2667:Donoughmore Constitution
2663:universal adult suffrage
2602:Nallur Kandaswamy temple
1169:Administrative divisions
1017:. Major rivers include:
990:provinces to the south.
851:On 14 November 1987 the
840:. The accord required a
5057:Sri Lankan Tamil cinema
4760:Divisional Secretariats
3916:. Reuters. Jan 16, 2015
3834:Government of Sri Lanka
3812:Government of Sri Lanka
3746:Oxford University Press
3725:Oxford University Press
3290:University of Sri Lanka
3144:
3119:
2847:Sri Lanka Freedom Party
2835:Tamil National Alliance
2642:Governance and politics
1184:divisional secretariats
978:to the north west, the
765:The Jaffna royal family
741:into one province, the
429:120/km (310/sq mi)
5480:Provinces of Sri Lanka
5277:Provinces of Sri Lanka
4632:North Central Province
4627:North Western Province
3716:A History of Sri Lanka
3438:Districts of Sri Lanka
3433:Provinces of Sri Lanka
3396:C.W. Thamotharampillai
3314:No. of Schools (2006)
3263:
3260:Jaffna Central College
3201:
3113:
3102:
2869:
1441:Major cities and towns
1009:whereas the Vanni has
952:
951:A bridge over a lagoon
898:requesting a separate
884:Sinhalese nationalists
873:North Eastern Province
815:North Central Province
766:
743:North Eastern Province
5117:Language demographics
4144:on December 12, 2009.
3808:"Provincial Councils"
3776:Medis, G. C. (1946).
3759:Medis, G. C. (1946).
3311:No. of Schools (1981)
3257:
3228:international airport
3108:
3096:
2891:Kankesanthurai Harbor
2864:
2843:United National Party
2778:United National Party
2679:Sri Lankan Parliament
2653:Sri Lankan Parliament
1051:Pallavarayankaddu Aru
950:
865:President Jayewardene
853:Sri Lankan Parliament
826:Sri Lankan government
811:Anuradhapura District
764:
714:) is one of the nine
337:Vijayakala Maheswaran
319:Murugesu Chandrakumar
299:Selvam Adaikalanathan
19:Province in Sri Lanka
16:Province of Sri Lanka
5140:University of Jaffna
4806:Kilinochchi District
4205:. Colombo, Sri Lanka
4095:on December 4, 2014.
3976:ABC News (Australia)
3884:on 25 February 2004.
3533:and Other Christian.
3282:University of Jaffna
3272:University of Jaffna
2833:in the province are
2811:until May 2008 when
2748:in the newly merged
1285:Kilinochchi District
1090:Vadamarachchi Lagoon
1076:, the largest being
937:Maithripala Sirisena
879:"temporary" entity.
846:Sri Lankan president
751:Sri Lankan Civil War
598:Vehicle registration
426: • Density
347:Suresh Premachandran
342:Vino Noharathalingam
333:Muthali Bawa Farook
60:Sunset over a lagoon
5112:Demographic history
4816:Mullaitivu District
4347:. The Sunday Times.
3304:
2938:Share of Sri Lanka
2886:chemical industries
2750:North-East Province
2398:
1612:
1351:Mullaitivu District
1327:M. Y. S. Deshapriya
1154:Climate and weather
1086:Chundikkulam Lagoon
912:Sri Lankan military
838:administrative unit
745:. Due to its large
309:Sivasakthy Ananthan
135: /
4254:www.dailymirror.lk
3960:. World Gazetteer.
3898:. 15 January 2015.
3830:"The Constitution"
3302:
3264:
3150:Sri Lanka Railways
3114:
3103:
2870:
2709:Provincial council
2685:Provincial council
2394:
1608:
1207:District Secretary
953:
900:provincial council
775:Vanniar Chieftains
767:
607:Official Languages
544: • Other
485: • Other
410: • Total
381: • Total
367:A. Vinayagamoorthy
357:Mavai Senathirajah
304:Silvestri Alantine
278:Jeevan Thiagarajah
255:Provincial council
174:Provincial council
5457:
5456:
5452:
5451:
5243:
5242:
5197:
5196:
5156:List of hospitals
5021:
5020:
5017:
5016:
4923:Iranamadu Airport
4829:
4828:
4821:Vavuniya District
4647:
4646:
4642:
4641:
4594:Northern Province
3748:. pp. 67–68.
3654:. 22 August 2009.
3474:and Indian Moors.
3383:
3382:
3101:with the mainland
3097:Causeway linking
3086:
3085:
2831:political parties
2824:C. V. Vigneswaran
2697:Government Agents
2590:
2589:
2387:
2386:
1594:Western countries
1562:
1561:
1468:
1438:
1437:
1384:Vavuniya District
933:Mahinda Rajapaksa
822:Indo-Lanka Accord
730:of the province.
690:Northern Province
686:
685:
650:Turdoides striata
638:Terminalia arjuna
418: • Rank
397: • Rank
389: • Land
324:Douglas Devananda
314:Risad Badhiutheen
261: • Body
251: • Type
26:Northern Province
5487:
5439:
5421:
5403:
5385:
5367:
5349:
5331:
5313:
5295:
5286:
5285:
5270:
5263:
5256:
5247:
5246:
5235:
5234:
5060:
5030:
5029:
4933:Vavuniya Airport
4911:
4910:
4902:
4901:
4791:
4790:
4765:Jaffna Peninsula
4740:
4674:
4667:
4660:
4651:
4650:
4637:Eastern Province
4619:
4618:
4600:
4599:
4592:
4591:
4573:
4572:
4539:
4537:
4536:
4525:
4511:
4504:
4497:
4488:
4487:
4427:
4422:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4412:
4403:. Archived from
4397:
4391:
4390:
4383:
4377:
4376:
4375:. 15 March 2013.
4369:
4363:
4362:
4355:
4349:
4348:
4340:
4334:
4329:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4316:
4302:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4285:
4279:
4278:
4267:
4258:
4257:
4246:
4240:
4235:
4229:
4228:
4221:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4192:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4181:
4172:. Archived from
4166:
4160:
4155:
4146:
4145:
4140:. Archived from
4134:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4117:
4111:
4110:
4109:. June 21, 2013.
4103:
4097:
4096:
4094:
4088:. Archived from
4087:
4079:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4056:
4048:
4042:
4041:
4035:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4010:
4001:
4000:
3986:
3980:
3979:
3968:
3962:
3961:
3954:
3948:
3947:
3946:on June 5, 2009.
3942:. Archived from
3932:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3892:
3886:
3885:
3880:. Archived from
3867:
3861:
3860:
3853:
3842:
3841:
3836:. Archived from
3826:
3820:
3819:
3814:. Archived from
3804:
3798:
3797:
3790:
3784:
3783:
3773:
3767:
3766:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3735:
3729:
3728:
3727:. pp. xvii.
3707:
3701:
3700:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3644:
3638:
3637:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3612:
3603:
3602:
3591:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3564:
3556:
3534:
3528:
3522:
3519:Puthukudiyiruppu
3511:
3505:
3498:Puthukudiyiruppu
3490:
3484:
3481:
3475:
3472:Sri Lankan Moors
3469:
3463:
3456:Sri Lankan Tamil
3453:
3305:
3301:
3258:Founded in 1817
3081:
3080:
3073:
3072:
3057:
3056:
3049:
3048:
3033:
3032:
3025:
3024:
3009:
3008:
3001:
3000:
2985:
2984:
2977:
2976:
2961:
2960:
2953:
2952:
2926:
2925:
2820:G.A. Chandrasiri
2633:, one of the 16
2626:
2612:
2598:
2511:2011 Enumeration
2399:
2393:
2320:2011 Enumeration
1613:
1607:
1573:, with sizeable
1571:Sri Lankan Tamil
1462:
1451:
1450:
1294:S. Arumainayaham
1193:
1192:
1031:Kodalikkallu Aru
1015:perennial rivers
1011:irrigation tanks
995:Jaffna peninsula
855:passed the 13th
739:Eastern Province
710:
699:
682:
679:
677:
675:
517:204,005 (19.27%)
506:789,362 (74.56%)
454:Sri Lankan Moors
447:987,692 (93.29%)
443:Sri Lankan Tamil
352:E. Saravanapavan
178:14 November 1987
150:
149:
147:
146:
145:
140:
139:9.200°N 80.417°E
136:
133:
132:
131:
128:
112:
100:
85:
73:
58:
39:
38:
33:
32:
22:
21:
5495:
5494:
5490:
5489:
5488:
5486:
5485:
5484:
5460:
5459:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5447:
5430:
5429:
5412:
5411:
5394:
5393:
5376:
5375:
5358:
5357:
5340:
5339:
5322:
5321:
5304:
5303:
5279:
5274:
5244:
5239:
5225:
5193:
5165:
5144:
5135:List of schools
5121:
5098:
5054:
5013:
4985:
4937:
4900:
4872:
4825:
4811:Mannar District
4801:Jaffna District
4789:
4741:
4732:
4684:
4678:
4648:
4643:
4601:
4543:
4534:
4532:
4518:
4515:
4478:
4435:
4430:
4423:
4419:
4410:
4408:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4385:
4384:
4380:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4357:
4356:
4352:
4341:
4337:
4330:
4323:
4314:
4312:
4310:economynext.com
4304:
4303:
4299:
4291:
4287:
4286:
4282:
4269:
4268:
4261:
4248:
4247:
4243:
4236:
4232:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4208:
4206:
4202:Sunday Observer
4193:
4189:
4179:
4177:
4168:
4167:
4163:
4156:
4149:
4136:
4135:
4131:
4123:
4119:
4118:
4114:
4105:
4104:
4100:
4092:
4085:
4081:
4080:
4073:
4065:
4054:
4050:
4049:
4045:
4033:
4029:
4028:
4024:
4016:
4012:
4011:
4004:
3987:
3983:
3970:
3969:
3965:
3956:
3955:
3951:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3919:
3917:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3868:
3864:
3855:
3854:
3845:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3806:
3805:
3801:
3796:. Tamil Nation.
3792:
3791:
3787:
3774:
3770:
3757:
3753:
3736:
3732:
3711:de Silva, K. M.
3708:
3704:
3687:
3683:
3678:on 26 May 2014.
3664:
3663:
3659:
3646:
3645:
3641:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3614:
3613:
3606:
3593:
3592:
3581:
3573:
3562:
3558:
3557:
3546:
3542:
3537:
3529:
3525:
3512:
3508:
3491:
3487:
3482:
3478:
3470:
3466:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3424:
3388:
3274:
3252:
3216:Tiruchirappalli
3204:
3147:
3122:
3091:
2859:
2804:Sunday Observer
2693:
2687:
2655:
2650:
2644:
2637:
2627:
2618:
2613:
2604:
2599:
2431:
2392:
1640:
1606:
1575:Sri Lankan Moor
1567:
1466:
1464:
1449:
1443:
1360:R. Ketheeswaran
1318:Mannar District
1261:N. Vethanayagam
1252:Jaffna District
1245:
1243:
1235:
1233:
1228:
1226:
1221:
1213:
1188:Grama Niladhari
1176:
1171:
1156:
1098:Kokkilai lagoon
1094:Uppu Aru Lagoon
1063:Piramenthal Aru
1027:Kanakarayan Aru
945:
759:
672:
648:Seven sisters (
613:
578:Telephone Codes
572:
371:
295:
294:
241:
213:
212:
143:
141:
137:
134:
129:
126:
124:
122:
121:
115:
103:
91:
90:
89:
88:
79:
78:
61:
49:
40:
34:
27:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5493:
5483:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5455:
5454:
5450:
5449:
5441:
5433:
5431:
5423:
5415:
5413:
5405:
5397:
5395:
5387:
5379:
5377:
5369:
5361:
5359:
5351:
5343:
5341:
5333:
5325:
5323:
5315:
5307:
5305:
5297:
5289:
5284:
5281:
5280:
5273:
5272:
5265:
5258:
5250:
5241:
5240:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5207:
5205:
5199:
5198:
5195:
5194:
5192:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5175:
5173:
5167:
5166:
5164:
5163:
5158:
5152:
5150:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5142:
5137:
5131:
5129:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5119:
5114:
5108:
5106:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5049:
5044:
5038:
5036:
5027:
5023:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4995:
4993:
4987:
4986:
4984:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4947:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4919:
4917:
4908:
4906:Transportation
4899:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4882:
4880:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4843:Chief Minister
4839:
4837:
4831:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4824:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4797:
4795:
4788:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4770:National Parks
4767:
4762:
4757:
4751:
4749:
4743:
4742:
4735:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4698:Jaffna kingdom
4694:
4692:
4686:
4685:
4677:
4676:
4669:
4662:
4654:
4645:
4644:
4640:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4602:
4587:
4585:
4582:Gulf of Mannar
4577:
4576:
4574:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4556:
4549:
4523:
4520:
4519:
4514:
4513:
4506:
4499:
4491:
4485:
4484:
4477:
4476:External links
4474:
4473:
4472:
4466:
4460:
4454:
4448:
4442:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4417:
4392:
4378:
4364:
4350:
4335:
4321:
4297:
4280:
4259:
4241:
4230:
4216:
4187:
4161:
4147:
4129:
4112:
4098:
4071:
4068:on 2012-11-13.
4043:
4022:
4002:
3981:
3978:. 20 May 2009.
3963:
3949:
3927:
3914:New York Times
3901:
3887:
3862:
3843:
3840:on 2009-08-17.
3821:
3818:on 2009-07-07.
3799:
3785:
3768:
3751:
3730:
3702:
3681:
3657:
3639:
3625:
3604:
3579:
3576:on 2012-11-13.
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3531:Roman Catholic
3523:
3506:
3485:
3476:
3464:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3423:
3420:
3392:Uthayatharakai
3387:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3351:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3251:
3248:
3236:Chennai, India
3224:Sri Lanka Navy
3203:
3200:
3176:Kankesanthurai
3146:
3143:
3139:
3138:
3132:
3121:
3118:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3075:
3067:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3051:
3043:
3040:
3036:
3035:
3027:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3011:
3003:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2987:
2979:
2971:
2968:
2964:
2963:
2955:
2947:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2858:
2855:
2689:Main article:
2686:
2683:
2654:
2651:
2646:Main article:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2628:
2621:
2619:
2614:
2607:
2605:
2600:
2593:
2588:
2587:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2426:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1773:
1772:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1644:
1635:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1605:
1602:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1551:
1549:Valvettithurai
1545:
1544:
1541:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1460:
1455:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1240:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1155:
1152:
1102:Nai Aru Lagoon
968:Gulf of Mannar
944:
941:
771:Jaffna kingdom
758:
755:
684:
683:
670:
666:
665:
658:
654:
653:
646:
642:
641:
634:
630:
629:
626:Nymphaea lotus
622:
618:
617:
608:
604:
603:
600:
594:
593:
590:
584:
583:
580:
574:
573:
570:
568:
562:
561:
555:
549:
548:
545:
541:
540:
539:30,387 (2.87%)
537:
530:
529:
528:34,040 (3.22%)
526:
519:
518:
515:
508:
507:
504:
497:
496:
490:
489:
486:
482:
481:
478:
471:
470:
469:32,331 (3.05%)
467:
460:
459:
458:32,364 (3.06%)
456:
449:
448:
445:
438:
437:
431:
430:
427:
423:
422:
419:
415:
414:
411:
407:
406:
402:
401:
398:
394:
393:
390:
386:
385:
382:
378:
377:
373:
372:
370:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
292:
291:
290:
288:
281:
280:
275:
268:
267:
262:
258:
257:
252:
248:
247:
243:
242:
240:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
210:
209:
208:
206:
200:
199:
194:
190:
189:
184:
180:
179:
176:
170:
169:
168:1 October 1833
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
117:
116:
113:
105:
104:
101:
93:
92:
86:
80:
74:
68:
67:
66:
63:
62:
59:
51:
50:
45:
42:
41:
28:
25:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5492:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5467:
5465:
5446:
5445:
5440:
5438:
5432:
5428:
5427:
5422:
5420:
5414:
5410:
5409:
5404:
5402:
5396:
5392:
5391:
5386:
5384:
5378:
5374:
5373:
5372:North Western
5368:
5366:
5360:
5356:
5355:
5350:
5348:
5342:
5338:
5337:
5336:North Central
5332:
5330:
5324:
5320:
5319:
5314:
5312:
5306:
5302:
5301:
5296:
5294:
5288:
5287:
5282:
5278:
5271:
5266:
5264:
5259:
5257:
5252:
5251:
5248:
5238:
5228:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5204:
5200:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5172:
5168:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5147:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5132:
5130:
5128:
5124:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5105:
5101:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5058:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5035:
5031:
5028:
5024:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5004:Northern Line
5002:
5000:
4997:
4996:
4994:
4992:
4988:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4948:
4946:
4944:
4940:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4916:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4903:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4875:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4832:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4792:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4744:
4739:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4695:
4693:
4691:
4687:
4683:
4675:
4670:
4668:
4663:
4661:
4656:
4655:
4652:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4621:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4606:Bay of Bengal
4603:
4595:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4578:
4575:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4560:Bay of Bengal
4557:
4555:
4554:
4553:Bay of Bengal
4550:
4548:
4547:
4542:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4521:
4512:
4507:
4505:
4500:
4498:
4493:
4492:
4489:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4470:
4467:
4464:
4461:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4446:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4426:
4421:
4407:on 2009-01-25
4406:
4402:
4396:
4388:
4382:
4374:
4368:
4360:
4354:
4346:
4339:
4333:
4328:
4326:
4311:
4307:
4301:
4290:
4284:
4276:
4272:
4266:
4264:
4255:
4251:
4245:
4239:
4234:
4226:
4220:
4204:
4203:
4198:
4191:
4176:on 1 May 2009
4175:
4171:
4165:
4159:
4154:
4152:
4143:
4139:
4133:
4122:
4116:
4108:
4102:
4091:
4084:
4078:
4076:
4064:
4060:
4053:
4047:
4039:
4032:
4026:
4015:
4009:
4007:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3985:
3977:
3973:
3967:
3959:
3953:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3931:
3915:
3911:
3905:
3897:
3891:
3883:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3866:
3858:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3839:
3835:
3831:
3825:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3795:
3789:
3781:
3780:
3772:
3764:
3763:
3755:
3747:
3743:
3742:
3734:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3717:
3712:
3706:
3698:
3697:
3692:
3685:
3677:
3673:
3672:
3667:
3661:
3653:
3649:
3643:
3635:
3629:
3621:
3617:
3611:
3609:
3600:
3596:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3584:
3572:
3568:
3561:
3555:
3553:
3551:
3549:
3544:
3532:
3527:
3520:
3516:
3515:Maritimepattu
3510:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3494:Maritimepattu
3489:
3480:
3473:
3468:
3461:
3457:
3452:
3448:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3419:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3273:
3269:
3261:
3256:
3247:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3180:Medawachchiya
3177:
3173:
3169:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3154:Northern Line
3151:
3142:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3117:
3111:
3107:
3100:
3099:Mannar Island
3095:
3076:
3068:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3052:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3028:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3004:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2980:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2956:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2883:
2882:professionals
2879:
2875:
2868:
2865:Farm land in
2863:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2827:
2825:
2821:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2786:
2781:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2764:(ENDLF), two
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2732:North Western
2729:
2728:North Central
2725:
2721:
2717:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2649:
2636:
2635:Solosmasthana
2632:
2625:
2620:
2617:
2611:
2606:
2603:
2597:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2400:
2397:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2286:2009 Estimate
2284:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2252:2008 Estimate
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2218:2007 Estimate
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2184:2006 Estimate
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2150:2005 Estimate
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2116:2004 Estimate
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2082:2003 Estimate
2080:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2048:2002 Estimate
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2014:2001 Estimate
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1980:2000 Estimate
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
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1198:
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1189:
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1166:
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1145:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1106:Chalai Lagoon
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1078:Jaffna Lagoon
1075:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1019:Akkarayan Aru
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
989:
988:North Western
985:
984:North Central
981:
980:Bay of Bengal
977:
974:to the west,
973:
969:
964:
962:
961:Adam's Bridge
958:
949:
940:
938:
934:
931:
926:
924:
920:
915:
913:
909:
904:
901:
897:
896:Supreme Court
893:
889:
885:
880:
876:
874:
870:
869:proclamations
866:
862:
858:
854:
849:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
818:
816:
812:
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796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
763:
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748:
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736:
731:
729:
725:
721:
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713:
706:
702:
695:
691:
681:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
624:White Lotus (
623:
619:
616:
612:
609:
605:
601:
599:
595:
591:
589:
588:ISO 3166 code
585:
582:021, 023, 024
581:
579:
575:
569:
567:
563:
559:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
536:
533: •
531:
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522: •
520:
516:
514:
511: •
509:
505:
503:
500: •
498:
495:
491:
487:
483:
480:6,049 (0.57%)
479:
477:
474: •
472:
468:
466:
463: •
461:
457:
455:
452: •
450:
446:
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360:
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345:
343:
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338:
335:
332:
330:
329:Hunais Farook
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
296:
289:
287:
284: •
282:
279:
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271: •
269:
266:
263:
259:
256:
253:
249:
244:
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207:
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188:
185:
181:
177:
175:
171:
167:
163:
160:
157:
153:
148:
144:9.200; 80.417
120:Coordinates:
118:
111:
106:
99:
94:
84:
77:
72:
64:
57:
52:
48:
43:
23:
5442:
5434:
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5406:
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5390:Sabaragamuwa
5388:
5380:
5370:
5362:
5353:
5352:
5344:
5334:
5326:
5316:
5308:
5298:
5290:
5221:Coat of arms
5104:Demographics
5042:Architecture
4681:
4604:
4593:
4580:
4558:
4551:
4544:
4468:
4462:
4456:
4450:
4444:
4438:
4433:Bibliography
4420:
4409:. Retrieved
4405:the original
4395:
4381:
4367:
4353:
4338:
4313:. Retrieved
4309:
4300:
4283:
4274:
4253:
4244:
4233:
4219:
4207:. Retrieved
4200:
4190:
4178:. Retrieved
4174:the original
4164:
4142:the original
4132:
4115:
4101:
4090:the original
4063:the original
4058:
4046:
4025:
3994:
3984:
3966:
3952:
3944:the original
3939:
3930:
3918:. Retrieved
3913:
3904:
3890:
3882:the original
3875:
3865:
3838:the original
3824:
3816:the original
3802:
3788:
3778:
3771:
3761:
3754:
3740:
3733:
3715:
3705:
3694:
3684:
3676:the original
3669:
3660:
3651:
3642:
3628:
3619:
3598:
3571:the original
3566:
3526:
3509:
3488:
3479:
3467:
3460:Indian Tamil
3451:
3416:
3412:Marumalarchi
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3391:
3389:
3297:missionaries
3275:
3205:
3178:and between
3165:
3162:
3148:
3140:
3134:
3128:
3123:
3115:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2900:Killinochchi
2871:
2828:
2817:
2802:
2796:
2782:
2770:paramilitary
2760:(EPRLF) and
2744:
2736:Sabaragamuwa
2713:
2694:
2656:
2584:
2544:
2504:
2432:
2428:
2395:
2381:
2347:
2313:
2279:
2245:
2211:
2177:
2143:
2109:
2075:
2041:
2007:
1973:
1939:
1905:
1871:
1837:
1803:
1769:
1735:
1701:
1641:
1637:
1609:
1583:
1581:minorities.
1568:
1565:Demographics
1504:Chavakacheri
1177:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1148:Gondwanaland
1137:
1111:Most of the
1110:
1082:Nanthi Kadal
1071:
1067:Theravil Aru
1035:Mandekal Aru
992:
965:
954:
927:
923:unemployment
916:
905:
881:
877:
850:
819:
768:
732:
728:capital city
712:Uturu Paḷāta
711:
701:Vaṭa Mākāṇam
700:
689:
687:
476:Indian Tamil
362:S. Sritharan
193:Largest City
4999:Mannar Line
4886:Agriculture
4718:Tamil Eelam
4546:Palk Strait
3940:www.info.lk
3636:. Statoids.
3333:Kilinochchi
3184:Talaimannar
3158:Mannar Line
2789:independent
2742:provinces.
2551:2012 Census
2471:1981 Census
2354:2012 Census
1946:1981 Census
1912:1971 Census
1878:1963 Census
1844:1946 Census
1810:1921 Census
1776:1911 Census
1742:1901 Census
1708:1891 Census
1674:1881 Census
1534:Point Pedro
1290:Kilinochchi
1239:Population
1190:divisions.
1129:Pungudutivu
1117:Velanaitivu
1055:Parangi Aru
1043:Netheli Aru
976:Palk Strait
660:Male deer (
571:40000-45999
560:(Sri Lanka)
547:968 (0.09%)
488:326 (0.03%)
222:Kilinochchi
142: /
5464:Categories
5149:Healthcare
5069:Literature
4680:Topics on
4529:Tamil Nadu
4411:2009-08-08
4315:2018-09-03
4275:www.ft.com
4180:1 February
3920:30 January
3744:. London:
3540:References
3404:Virakesari
3400:Eelakesari
3372:Mullaitivu
3278:university
3266:See also:
3196:Madhu Road
2914:Province.
2908:Mullaitivu
2867:Kandarodai
1463:Population
1454:City/town
1445:See also:
1356:Mullaitivu
1242:Population
1222:Divisions
875:was born.
842:referendum
783:Portuguese
709:උතුරු පළාත
698:வட மாகாணம்
566:Post Codes
405:Population
246:Government
232:Mullaitivu
37:උතුරු පළාත
31:வட மாகாணம்
5127:Education
5094:Festivals
5064:Education
4794:Districts
4747:Geography
4728:Civil War
4713:Militancy
4387:"History"
3877:The Hindu
3721:New Delhi
3513:Excludes
3502:Thunukkai
3492:Excludes
3308:Districts
3294:Christian
3250:Education
3244:Iranamadu
3188:civil war
3089:Transport
2813:elections
2785:declaring
2746:Elections
2724:elections
2716:Amendment
2714:The 13th
2701:Amendment
2585:1,058,762
2505:1,109,404
2411:Christian
2382:1,058,762
2280:1,055,157
2255:1,022,431
2246:1,311,776
2221:1,277,567
2212:1,350,961
2178:1,206,326
2144:1,131,854
2110:1,118,753
2076:1,109,182
2042:1,111,741
2008:1,085,478
1974:1,109,404
1949:1,021,006
1630:Sinhalese
1604:Ethnicity
1590:emigrated
1586:civil war
1579:Sinhalese
1431:1,058,762
1214:Divisions
1180:districts
1174:Districts
1144:sediments
1133:Mandativu
1125:Karaitivu
1123:(Delft),
1121:Neduntivu
1119:(Kayts),
1023:Aruvi Aru
943:Geography
930:President
914:in 2009.
908:civil war
857:Amendment
817:in 1873.
777:who paid
737:with the
720:Sri Lanka
716:provinces
662:axis axis
636:Maruthu (
615:Sinhalese
558:UTC+05:30
553:Time zone
513:Christian
465:Sinhalese
435:Ethnicity
413:1,058,762
204:Districts
159:Sri Lanka
5408:Southern
5354:Northern
5237:Category
5171:Religion
5009:Yal Devi
4991:Railways
4943:Highways
4915:Airports
4853:Governor
4835:Politics
4703:Vannimai
3996:BBC News
3713:(1981).
3671:IBN Live
3652:BBC News
3422:See also
3359:Vavuniya
3240:Vavuniya
3168:Vavuniya
3156:and the
2896:Vavuniya
2841:, DTNA,
2421:Buddhist
2390:Religion
1479:Vavuniya
1474:Vavuniya
1458:District
1389:Vavuniya
1197:District
1186:and 921
1047:Pali Aru
1003:aquifers
997:and the
972:Palk Bay
535:Buddhist
494:Religion
273:Governor
237:Vavuniya
197:Vavuniya
47:Province
5444:Western
5318:Eastern
5300:Central
5203:Symbols
5089:Cuisine
5034:Culture
5026:Society
4896:Tourism
4878:Economy
4690:History
4209:21 June
3408:Bharati
3288:of the
3232:Colombo
3212:Colombo
3074: %
3050: %
3026: %
3002: %
2978: %
2954: %
2935:Change
2878:fishers
2874:farmers
2857:Economy
2837:led by
2809:Colombo
2768:backed
2718:to the
2703:to the
2560:204,005
2554:789,362
2545:997,754
2520:187,663
2514:755,066
2480:169,004
2474:860,281
2357:993,741
2348:997,754
2323:942,824
2314:985,856
2289:943,312
1940:877,768
1915:799,406
1906:741,910
1881:689,470
1872:479,572
1847:449,958
1838:374,829
1813:356,801
1804:369,651
1779:352,698
1770:340,936
1745:326,379
1736:319,296
1711:304,355
1702:302,500
1677:289,481
1598:Colombo
1558:27,210
1543:31,351
1528:35,817
1513:41,407
1498:88,138
1483:99,653
1408:171,511
1309:112,875
1276:583,378
1244:Density
1202:Capital
1140:Cauvery
1113:islands
1074:lagoons
1059:Per Aru
1039:Nay Aru
1013:fed by
1005:fed by
867:issued
859:to the
830:devolve
791:British
779:tribute
757:History
726:is the
705:Sinhala
669:Website
183:Capital
165:Created
155:Country
130:80°25′E
127:09°12′N
5052:Cinema
4775:Rivers
4755:Cities
4538:
3346:Mannar
3320:Jaffna
3286:campus
3280:, the
3192:Pallai
3174:, and
3172:Jaffna
3112:bridge
3110:Vallai
3082:2.93%
3066:72,722
3058:3.05%
3042:64,004
3034:2.94%
3018:52,988
3010:2.76%
2994:43,123
2986:2.67%
2970:37,400
2962:2.37%
2946:29,490
2904:Mannar
2880:, and
2829:Major
2766:Indian
2738:, and
2572:30,387
2566:34,040
2563:19.27%
2557:74.56%
2532:20,451
2526:33,185
2523:18.81%
2517:75.68%
2492:25,281
2486:54,534
2483:14.19%
2477:77.54%
2425:Other
2416:Muslim
2369:32,331
2363:32,364
2360:93.86%
2335:21,860
2329:32,659
2326:94.49%
2301:16,240
2295:26,304
2292:95.68%
2267:13,492
2261:19,184
2258:96.90%
2233:13,626
2227:20,583
2224:97.39%
1961:35,128
1955:50,991
1952:92.03%
1927:39,511
1921:37,855
1918:91.07%
1893:20,270
1887:30,760
1884:92.93%
1853:18,183
1850:93.82%
1819:13,095
1816:95.19%
1785:12,818
1782:95.41%
1751:11,862
1748:95.73%
1717:11,831
1714:95.32%
1683:10,416
1680:95.70%
1634:Other
1625:Muslim
1554:Jaffna
1539:Jaffna
1524:Mannar
1519:Mannar
1509:Jaffna
1494:Jaffna
1489:Jaffna
1375:91,947
1342:99,051
1323:Mannar
1257:Jaffna
1246:(/km)
807:Mannar
803:Jaffna
795:Ceylon
735:merged
724:Jaffna
657:Animal
621:Flower
524:Muslim
227:Mannar
217:Jaffna
187:Jaffna
87:Emblem
5216:Motto
5084:Dance
5079:Sport
5074:Music
4785:Vanni
4780:Towns
4541:India
4292:(PDF)
4124:(PDF)
4093:(PDF)
4086:(PDF)
4066:(PDF)
4055:(PDF)
4034:(PDF)
4017:(PDF)
3574:(PDF)
3563:(PDF)
3444:Notes
3386:Media
3220:India
2932:GSDP
2929:Year
2792:Eelam
2581:0.09%
2575:2.87%
2569:3.22%
2541:0.14%
2538:1,389
2535:2.05%
2529:3.33%
2501:0.03%
2495:2.28%
2489:4.92%
2429:Total
2406:Hindu
2402:Year
2378:0.03%
2372:3.05%
2366:3.06%
2344:0.04%
2338:2.19%
2332:3.27%
2310:0.00%
2304:1.65%
2298:2.67%
2276:0.00%
2270:1.28%
2264:1.82%
2242:0.00%
2236:1.04%
2230:1.57%
1970:0.21%
1967:2,279
1964:3.17%
1958:4.60%
1936:0.11%
1930:4.50%
1924:4.31%
1902:0.19%
1899:1,410
1896:2.73%
1890:4.15%
1868:0.38%
1865:1,829
1862:2.00%
1859:9,602
1856:3.79%
1834:0.30%
1831:1,138
1828:1.01%
1825:3,795
1822:3.49%
1800:0.34%
1797:1,245
1794:0.78%
1791:2,890
1788:3.47%
1766:0.33%
1763:1,140
1760:0.46%
1757:1,555
1754:3.48%
1732:0.37%
1729:1,188
1726:0.60%
1723:1,922
1720:3.71%
1698:0.41%
1695:1,224
1692:0.46%
1689:1,379
1686:3.44%
1638:Total
1620:Tamil
1616:Year
1465:(2012
1428:8,290
1425:8,884
1416:Total
1405:1,861
1402:1,967
1372:2,415
1369:2,617
1339:1,880
1336:1,996
1306:1,205
1303:1,279
1270:1,025
1236:(km)
1229:(km)
1225:Total
1182:, 34
1007:wells
999:Vanni
957:India
834:merge
787:Dutch
747:Tamil
694:Tamil
611:Tamil
502:Hindu
5211:Flag
4211:2020
4182:2009
3922:2015
3517:and
3500:and
3458:and
3410:and
3402:and
3379:103
3376:100
3366:188
3363:183
3350:105
3327:410
3324:488
3270:and
3242:and
3234:and
3214:and
3182:and
3145:Rail
3120:Road
3063:2006
3039:2005
3015:2004
2991:2003
2967:2002
2943:2001
2906:and
2851:EPDP
2849:and
2799:LTTE
2673:and
2629:The
1577:and
1467:est)
1434:119
1279:569
1234:Area
1232:Land
1227:Area
1131:and
1104:and
986:and
970:and
820:The
789:and
688:The
678:.gov
645:Bird
633:Tree
592:LK-4
376:Area
293:List
211:List
76:Flag
5426:Uva
5047:Art
4981:A35
4976:A34
4971:A32
4966:A30
4961:A29
4956:A14
3353:95
3340:96
3337:85
3202:Air
2787:an
2740:Uva
2578:968
2498:304
2463:No.
2457:No.
2451:No.
2445:No.
2439:No.
2433:No.
2375:326
2341:411
2208:n/a
2205:n/a
2202:n/a
2199:n/a
2196:n/a
2193:n/a
2190:n/a
2187:n/a
2174:n/a
2171:n/a
2168:n/a
2165:n/a
2162:n/a
2159:n/a
2156:n/a
2153:n/a
2140:n/a
2137:n/a
2134:n/a
2131:n/a
2128:n/a
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2029:n/a
2026:n/a
2023:n/a
2020:n/a
2017:n/a
2004:n/a
2001:n/a
1998:n/a
1995:n/a
1992:n/a
1989:n/a
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1983:n/a
1933:996
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1660:No.
1654:No.
1648:No.
1642:No.
1592:to
1422:921
1411:87
1399:102
1378:35
1366:136
1345:50
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