Newcastle & Carlisle Railway

851:, 18 June, was chosen as the official opening day. Five trains left Carlisle from 6 am to arrive in Redheugh between 9:30 am and just after 10 am. The official passengers crossed the Tyne by boat and marched in procession through Newcastle to a breakfast at the Assembly Rooms. A procession of thirteen trains, led by "Rapid" acting as pilot, left for the return journey to Carlisle at 12:30 pm. While the trains were travelling between Ryton and Brampton rain fell and soaked most of the 3,500 passengers who were travelling in uncovered wagons. The last train arrived in Carlisle after 6:00 pm and there was "a disorderly stampede for refreshments". The Newcastle passengers now needed to return from Newcastle: by 6:30 pm some had returned to their seats to wait in the uncovered wagons while the rain continued; the first train did not leave until nearly 10 pm, when a thunderstorm broke. On the return journey a collision between two trains at Milton held up the trains further, and the last train did not arrive back in Redheugh until 6 am. 810:. c. xxxi) authorised a low level Tyne crossing at Redheugh Hall. At only 20 feet above high water, it was designed to reach the riverside quays on the north bank, and to reach a Newcastle terminal at Spital (immediately north-west of the present-day Central station) an incline at 1 in 22 was envisaged, rope worked by stationary engine. The GNER planned to approach through Low Fell, that is on an alignment similar to the present main line from Durham, but at a lower level to reach the N&CR Redheugh bridge. As the scheme was developed, a connection with the Brandling Junction Railway, at a high level in Gateshead, altered the plan so as to cross the Tyne at a similarly high level; this was much better for a trunk line network, but adverse for the N&CR's wish to reach the riverside quays. In time the emphasis shifted from an N&CR bridge being made available to the GNER, to the GNER planning and building a bridge, and making it available to the N&CR. 165: 1637:. This ran from Gateshead through Low Fell and Birtley direct to Durham. The course of the Consett branch and the former Brandling Junction line from Tanfield had encouraged considerable industrial development near their junctions with the Redheugh line, and in time the volume of heavy and slow mineral traffic led to serious congestion. In 1893 a direct route from Dunston Junction, east of Derwenthaugh, towards Low Fell was opened by the NER, enabling that traffic to turn south directly. In 1904 a duplicate east–west route was built near Derwenthaugh, a little further from the River Tyne; the present day Metro Centre station is on that new route. In 1908 further enhancements were opened with a shortening of the route towards Low Fell through Dunston; the present Dunston station is on that line. In addition there was a new direct route from that line into the junctions at the south end of the new 144: 567: 491: 379: 269: 1082: 1673: 1510: 1011: 1000: 1409:(YN&BR). The Caledonian offered 6% dividend in perpetuity and all profits of up to 8%, and the YN&BR offered 6% for 3 years, and 7% thereafter. On 25 April 1848 the N&CR directors considered the offers but thought they were not lucrative enough. The N&CR shareholders met on 31 May 1848 and contrary to the view of the directors voted that the YN&BR offer be accepted. The resulting agreement was effective from 1 August 1848, and the YN&BR leased the Maryport and Carlisle line too, intending to operate them as a single entity. 37: 1920: 890:, at first using fish-belly rails of 42 lbs per yard, although by 1837 heavier parallel rails at 47–50 lbs per yard were being installed. The rails were laid on stone blocks, and small coal, cinders and loam were used for ballast. The stations were without platforms, the carriages being lower than those on other railways and provided with footboards. The station at Milton had a stable, the branch line to Brampton being worked by a horse and a "dandy" coach. 242:

challenging engineering features. At this period the intention was to open the railway as a toll road, in which any carrier might operate vehicles on the line on payment of a toll. Moreover, there was still a significant risk of implacable opposition from the proprietors of country houses, and the company voluntarily inserted a clause into the parliamentary bill restricting haulage to horse traction, and forbidding stationary steam engines near such houses.

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producers at Hexham had been stockpiling their product there in anticipation of the opening of the line. On 14 August 1834 an ad hoc arrangement was agreed with Joseph Ritson, the contractor for construction of that part of the line, to carry the lead over the unfinished line, using his temporary track and construction wagons, and horse haulage. This was started on 25 August 1834. (A request to operate a passenger coach on the same basis was declined.)

2312: 1650: 1927: 2378: 2319: 2385: 1953: 1884: 1848: 1819: 929: 1738:, and is used by diverted long-distance trains when these lines are blocked to the north. The Tyne Valley Community Rail Partnership works with train companies, local businesses and communities to promote rail travel and are accredited by the DfT. They also undertake a wide range of projects, the biggest of which is the current refurbishment of the waiting rooms and redundant station buildings at Haltwhistle (2020–21). 2517: 1855: 1812: 68:, and passengers were carried for the first time the following year. The rest of the line opened in stages, completing a through route between Carlisle and Gateshead, south of the River Tyne in 1837. The directors repeatedly changed their intentions for the route at the eastern end of the line, but finally a line was opened from Scotswood to a Newcastle terminal in 1839. That line was extended twice, reaching the new 2981:

station; on page 30 he says the inaugural trains left London Road station; the reference to Rome Street is a mistake. The two thoroughfares are some distance apart. An announcement in the Carlisle Patriot for 16 July 1836 states that "tickets may be had at the Station House, London Road, Carlisle". Quick also confirms the reference is a misunderstanding, on page 82. Tomlinson does not mention Rome Street (page 305).

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Giles failed to forecast costs of completion of the line consistently, or to explain the inconsistency, or to attend board meetings. On 28 May 1833 Giles was removed to the position of consulting engineer, and his assistant John Blackmore took over the supervision of the construction. The directors interfered to a considerable extent with the progress of the construction, and not always to beneficial effect.

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Eventually, on 12 July 1875 the line opened from Scotswood to Newburn; there was a separate station (from the N&CR station) at Scotswood. The line was worked by the North Eastern Railway, with three passenger trains each way every weekday. The SN&WR had now expended all its capital resources and the idea of a Scotswood Dock was abandoned, and the line was simply a branch of the NER.

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proposed that North Wylam station remain open and that September suspended services over the line south of the Tyne for engineering works, but this arrangement was withdrawn, and services resumed in May 1967. The following year British Railways closed the North Wylam line north of the Tyne, and passenger traffic was withdrawn on 11 March 1968. The branch line to Alston closed in 1976.

638:. c. xxxi) which they secured on 17 June 1835; it authorised the building of the Redheugh line, and also a Tyne bridge there (instead of Derwenthaugh) to serve the north shore quays, although the Scotswood bridge was retained in the authorised works. Share capital was increased by £90,000 and a further Public Works Loan Board loan of £60,000 was included in the act. 213:

that degree of shaking which cannot be avoided, they in the end require so much and frequent repairs as to render their advantage dubious; exclusive of their being unfitted to receive and discharge the carriages that are wanted to be taken forward, and sent off aside in such places of the line as do not coincide with their stages or feeding places.

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a prime consideration, and a north-bank railway could not reach this location without extreme engineering difficulty. On 14 October 1829 a shareholder circularised the proprietors urging this view, and after all the parliamentary argument over the route, the first shareholder's meeting on 16 October 1829 considered the matter yet again.

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the bank of the Tyne between Queen Elizabeth Bridge and High Level Bridge. Thornton Street street also still exists: a northward extension of Waterloo Street northwest of Central station; the location is at a high level and would have required a steep gradient (of about 1 in 50), worked by stationary engine and rope haulage.

786:. c. lvii) on 7 June, to run to a high-level terminus at Gateshead, and in the east to riverside quays at South Shields and Monkwearmouth. As part of the ending of the independent life of the Blaydon, Gateshead and Hebburn Railway, the Brandling Junction Railway took over certain powers in Gateshead and on toward Hebburn. 544:. c. xxvi) on 22 May to build a line from Blaydon to Gateshead, the act also allowing the N&CR to build the line subject to conditions. The route was expected to require two rope-worked inclined planes, to climb from near Redheugh to the high ground of Gateshead, and then again to descend to the Tyne at Hebburn. 956:

then the passenger trains were formed of Redheugh and Newcastle portions, running in one train west of Blaydon, and joined or separated there. Some sources refer to this station as "Railway Street" or "Shot Tower", but these were merely landmarks; the station was simply the "Newcastle" station of the N&CR.

454:. This involved conditions, including the cessation of paying dividends until trading income was being received and the giving of personal guarantees by the directors. (The dividends continued to be paid in the form of debentures, redeemable later, agilely side-stepping the Public Works Loan Board condition.) 238:, surveying an alternative route on the north side of the Tyne from Hexham eastwards, found serious errors in Chapman's route in the submitted plans; in addition, a number of bank failures had weakened confidence in the money market. Accordingly, the directors decided to withdraw the bill for the time being. 1583:

In the early days of planning the route of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, opinion had been voiced in favour of running on the north bank of the Tyne west of Lemington and Newburn. There were extensive coal deposits there, as well as other industries, not served by railways, and in 1866 a railway

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reached Carlisle from Edinburgh and Glasgow in February 1848. Those two railways formed a joint station in Carlisle, named "Citadel Station", but although the use of the station by the N&CR was obviously in the public interest, the owners demanded an excessively high price and the N&CR stayed

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The Beaumont Lead Company was operating at Allendale, 12 miles east of Alston, and it too suffered heavy transport costs in conveying its output to the railway, at Haydon Bridge. Its manager was Thomas J. Bewicke, raised the possibility of a branch line with the North Eastern Railway. The London Lead

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c. cccxciv) on 26 August 1846, capital £240,000. The line would have had an ascent of 1,100 feet. However serious opposition from landed proprietors was experienced, and the route of the line was modified. A modified route was authorised on 13 July 1849; the final four miles to Nenthead was dropped,

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The intention was still to extend into the centre of Newcastle, but indecision continued over the location, a tunnelled route to the Spital being put forward, as well as a terminus near the Infirmary (west of Forth Banks). Considerable ground preparation works were undertaken over a large area at the

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This left the gap in the middle of the route, between Haydon Bridge and Blenkinsopp (near Greenhead). It had been left until last because it was expected to be the least remunerative section of the route. For the time being goods were conveyed between Gateshead and Carlisle, being carted by road over

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The N&CR had altered its original intention of building along the north bank to Newcastle. The Redheugh line along the south bank was almost complete, with the issue of the bridge to serve the north bank quays uncertain. Now it seemed that other interests were deflecting it from serving Newcastle

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each hauled a trainload of three carriages, consisting of gentlemen's carriages mounted on trucks and wagons fitted with seats. The regular passenger service began on 10 March; there were four trains each way between Blaydon and Hexham every weekday, one each way on Sundays. Newcastle passengers were

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There were serious difficulties in getting subscribers to pay their calls, and this made the Newcastle directors timid in issuing calls, exacerbating the cash flow problem. The situation became so difficult that a further act of Parliament was sought, authorising additional loans; this was enacted as

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In fact the supporters of the alternative route on the south of the Tyne, to Gateshead, continued their fight; the advantage of it was the comparative ease of reaching the section of the Tyne further east where sea-going ships could berth; mineral traffic from points on the line to shipping quays was

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The considerable development of ironmaking at Consett resulted in an expansion of the former wagonway routes serving the area, and in 1867 the North Eastern Railway built a new line from Consett to join the former Newcastle and Carlisle route in a triangular junction near Blaydon. Iron extraction in

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and saw this route as a means to that end. They negotiated an exchange of running powers; they got the facility from Hexham to Newcastle and the NER got running powers from Berwick to Edinburgh. This proved a catastrophic deal for the NBR, as the Hexham route was impossibly circuitous and difficult,

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There were lucrative lead ore deposits in the north Pennines around Alston and Nenthead. Transport to market was expensive and slow, and was significantly improved when the N&CR main line opened; the ore was railheaded from Haltwhistle. The directors had considered a branch railway to Alston and

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opened its line from the south, completing a railway connection from London to Tyneside. It constructed a fine terminal at Greene's Field, Gateshead; the terminal became known as Greenesfield. Newcastle and Carlisle Railway trains were diverted from Redheugh to Greenesfield, making connections there

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The main line at the eastern end was to cross the Tyne at Scotswood, then follow the north bank of the river closely and at a low level, to a termination at the Close, in Newcastle. There was to be a branch from Elswick Dean to a terminal at Thornton Street. Close, a mononymous road, still exists on

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Whittle refers to a Rome Street temporary terminus on page 30, where he lists the first stations; and on page 32 where he says "The Canal Branch was opened on 9 March 1837 from Rome Street to the canal basin, where a new station replaced the temporary Rome Street structure. There was no Rome Street

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The custom was for subscribers to pay a deposit, a small proportion of the face value of the shares, at first; as construction proceeded and was to be paid for, the board issued "calls" for moderate incremental sums. Some subscribers had taken on heavy commitments, paying only the deposit, and were

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Brampton itself was served by a horse-drawn coach on the Earl of Carlisle's Railway from 1836, making a connection at Milton with the N&CR. In 1881 the branch passenger service was converted to locomotive operation, but this was discontinued in 1890 after conditions were imposed by the Board of

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When locomotive traction had been introduced, the N&CR undertook to use coke as a fuel as it was supposed to be nearly smokeless. As the volume of train movements on the line increased, the expenditure on coke climbed considerably, and in 1858 some locomotives used coal instead, even though the

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In the years leading to 1844 controversy reigned over the route to be taken by a railway connecting Edinburgh and Glasgow with the English network. Numerous possibilities were urged, not all of them practicable. An east coast route from Newcastle through Berwick, and west coast routes from Carlisle

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miles from Haltwhistle to Shaft Hill was opened for goods trains, followed by passenger operation from 19 July 1851. The upper end of the branch, from Alston to Lambley and the short Lambley Fell branch opened for goods trains on 1 January 1852, the Lambley Fell branch. The intermediate part of the

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requirement to open a railway to Newcastle, and goods traffic seems to have run from then onwards. The line from Blaydon to a temporary "Newcastle" terminus opened fully on 21 October 1839. The station was on the western edge of the built-up area, at the west end of what became Railway Street. From

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There were locomotive depots at Carlisle, Blaydon and Greenhead, the depot at Carlisle having space for eight locomotives, and there was room for four at Greenhead. There was a shed for two locomotives at Redheugh, as well as a repair shop for carriages. These early railway steam locomotives had no

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and Carlisle in 1824, it was appropriate to consider a railway as a possible alternative to a canal. He planned to use his earlier canal route for a railway, substituting rope-worked inclined planes for the flights of locks, and found that a railway would be considerably cheaper than the equivalent

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Until 1844, the line between Stocksfield and Hexham and between Rosehill and Milton was a single track but, in that year, the directors doubled these portions of the railway in preparation for the increase of traffic anticipated from the opening of the Newcastle and Darlington Junction Railway, at

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c. cccxciv), now authorising the final route to the joint terminal at Newcastle: Central station. George Hudson's railway was dominant in designing and building the station, although the N&CR was present as a junior partner. The route extended from the Infirmary area and much of the ground had

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The Redheugh incline, climbing from the N&CR at the bank of the Tyne, to Gateshead, had been opened by the Brandling Junction Railway on 15 January 1839. At first this simply gave access to Tyne quays east of Gateshead High Street, but the Brandling Junction line was completing its network, in

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suits for protection. The N&CR experimented with sanding equipment to improve friction in 1838. The boilers ran at a pressure of 50 pounds per square inch (340 kPa) and the tenders carried eighteen sacks of coke, made at Derwenthaugh, Mineral trains ran at an average speed of 10 miles per

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It had been intended to open the western end of the line at the same time as the first opening at Hexham, but trouble with the construction of a tunnel at Cowran badly delayed the works. So difficult did the ground prove that the tunnel was abandoned and a deep cutting substituted, at considerable

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Extensions were opened at the eastern end of the line in June 1836, from Blaydon to Derwenthaugh (near the present-day Metro Centre) on 11 June for goods only (apart from Blaydon race week) and from Hexham to Haydon Bridge on 28 June 1836. A short section east from Derwenthaugh to the mouth of the

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They are objectionable in various ways. In the first place, gentlemen through whose estates or near whose residences they pass, object to their appearance and the noise and smoke rising from them. Whilst new, and on level planes, they possess advantages in expedition; but by their quick motion and

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Brampton Town; opened formally on 13 July 1836; a miners' service started soon afterwards by the mine owner; it was horse drawn from the junction to coal depots, though on the day of the annual Brampton agricultural show; the trains used steam engines off coal trains and borrowed coaches from the

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The original line had been laid with short rails on stone blocks, and these soon proved inadequate for modern railway operation with locomotives. In the early 1850s, the N&CR set about improving its line and rolling stock. In 1850-1 the 31 miles between Blenkinsopp and Ryton was relaid and by

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The N&CR had dedicated passenger accommodation at the western end of the station. The booking hall and waiting rooms were in the main building block on the north side of the platforms, and as the N&CR still practised right-hand running at this time, the trains awaiting departure time were

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The directors had given personal guarantees to the Public Works Loan Board that the line would be completed to Newcastle, and with the authorised period for constructing the line soon to run out, a start was made. Yet again there was controversy over the route, a gently climbing route to the town

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One landowner, Charles Bacon Grey, was not satisfied with the adoption of locomotives, and he obtained an injunction preventing the company from operating them. At the time the company had a bill in Parliament to authorise them, but in the meantime their use was unlawful, and they were obliged to

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published his report "The Reshaping of British Railways", which recommended closing the network's least used stations and lines. The Alston branch was already being considered for closure, and to this was added the local services from Newcastle to Hexham and Haltwhistle. In 1966 British Railways

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been acquired in advance. The short route was opened for passenger trains from 1 March 1847, although a formal opening had taken place on 6 November 1846. The Newcastle terminal was the temporary Forth (or Forth Banks) station, located at the western extremity of the present-day Central station.

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The carriages were divided into three compartments, those for first class passengers painted yellow picked out in black and seated 18 passengers. The second class carriages were open to the sides and seated 22–24 passengers. On busy days passengers were carried in goods trucks fitted with seats.

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Giles encountered friction with the directors, especially the Newcastle group, which included members with considerable engineering expertise, who did not hesitate to give contradictory instructions directly to contractors without informing Giles. The difficulty increased at the end of 1832 when

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A presence on the north shore was still required—there were many quays opposite Redheugh, as well as the commercial district at a higher level—but now the Scotswood crossing of the Tyne was brought into question, and the Board decided to substitute a crossing nearer the city, at Derwenthaugh. In

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In 1838 passenger travel on the line amounted to 3.1 million miles, rising to over 4 million miles the following year. In November 1840 there were five trains a day between Newcastle and Carlisle, and one train between Newcastle and Haydon Bridge. The mixed trains, which conveyed passengers and

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When the Redheugh terminus was opened, passengers could get access to central Newcastle by a N&CR ferry. The Brandling Junction Railway was under construction, rising by a steep incline (at 1 in 22) to cross Gateshead on viaduct and descend again to the Tyne on the east side of the town; it

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Serious difficulties with poor ground were encountered at Scotswood and a tunnel was substituted for the cutting there; the tunnel collapsed during construction in September 1874. The Wylam bridge was much delayed too, so that the majority of the line was ready but it was cut off at both ends.

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The first section of line to be completed was from Hexham to Blaydon; this was to enable the lead produced at Hexham to be brought to a navigable section of the Tyne, as it was considered a lucrative traffic. Rail carriage was going to be considerably cheaper than the alternative, and the lead

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The opportunity was taken to recast the route at the Carlisle end, chiefly to accommodate the Earl of Carlisle's demands. The originally designed line between Carlisle and Gilsland had followed the Irthing Valley, but the new scheme took it south of that route on to high ground, requiring more

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In 1805 William Thomas developed a scheme for a horse-operated plateway (in which the rails are L-shaped, with plain wagon wheels running on the flat part of the rail) between Newcastle and Hexham. This came to nothing, but collieries in the Newcastle area were increasingly turning to ideas of

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In fact serious revelations about George Hudson's shady business methods emerged at this time, and the findings of the resulting committees of enquiry among his many companies were so damaging that he was unable to continue in his leadership role. The lease by the YN&BR required an act of

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was formed on 5 September, and it was agreed in the negotiations that followed that the N&CR would take over and extend the BG&HR from the Derwent through to Gateshead. The BG&HR had built less than two miles of its intended ten mile route and it made no more railway construction.

113:, but both those waterways suffered from shoaling and sandbanks, frustrating the potential for maritime traffic. A number of canal schemes had been put forward, but a route to navigable water was not simple, and led to plans for a canal to cross to the eastern seaboard: a Tyne - Solway Canal. 184:

to give an opinion. He reported on 4 March 1825, stating that it would be appropriate to increase the construction estimate by £40,000 (later rounded to £300,000); the railway was still considerably cheaper than the canal alternative. Jessop also recommended a variation in the line of route.

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was promoted, This came to nothing but in 1870 another line was projected, which included a dock at Scotswood enabling the shipping of minerals from the area. This scheme became the "Scotswood, Newburn and Wylam Railway and Dock Company", which obtained an authorising act of Parliament, the

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c. lxxxvii) on 19 June. The line was to leave the N&CR at a junction just west of Hexham and climb, mostly at 1 in 40, into the hills. The line opened on 19 August 1867 for mineral traffic as far as Langley, and on 13 January 1868 the entire line was opened for goods and mineral trains.

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in 1854; Whittle is ambiguous on pages 32 and 35; in an imaginary ride on the line in 1838, Fawcett (page 66) says that the journey starts "with a lift on a goods train from the canal basin", i.e. there were no passenger trains. London Road station was the main Carlisle passenger and goods

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cease operation, which they did from 28 March. Public support for the new railway had been immense, and Grey's action was unpopular. He withdrew his opposition and services resumed from 6 May 1835. The required act of Parliament authorising locomotive operation was passed on 17 June 1835.

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The revised route at the Carlisle end of the line was now uncontroversial, although it involved prodigious engineering works, including several viaducts and large bridges, and a tunnel. It was not until 25 March 1830 that work started: the foundation stone of the Eden Viaduct was laid by

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When the line was being planned in 1825, it was decided to arrange it as a toll road, on which any independent carrier might run his vehicles on payment of the toll; and horse traction was intended. By May 1834 this was beginning to look antiquated as other railways, in particular the

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A provisional committee met on 26 March 1825 and unanimously recommended proceeding with the railway option, and about £20,000 in share subscriptions were taken that evening. A prospectus and public invitation to subscribe was published on 28 March The first meeting of the provisional

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The passenger service on the Allendale branch had been withdrawn on 22 September 1930 and the line was closed in November 1950. The passenger service from Hexham to the north over the former Border Counties Railway was withdrawn in 1956, and several stations were closed in the 1950s.

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the same time enlarging the Farnley Tunnel near Corbridge—a work accomplished without stopping the running of the trains except for a few days subsequent to 28 December 1844, when a portion of the old roof was damaged and the loose sand above it slid down and blocked the line.

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River Team near Dunston was opened for goods traffic in September 1836. The line from Derwenthaugh to Redheugh, the Gateshead terminus, was fully opened on 1 March 1837. The N&CR operated a ferry to cross the Tyne to Newcastle, at 66 The Close, where they had a ferry pier.

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were sponsors of the BUR and were hostile at first, but later saw the BCR as a useful adjunct; a junction was made at Riccarton in 1862. The NBR very much wished to get access to Newcastle independently of the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway, and later its successor, the

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downhill. The western destination at the canal basin was reduced to secondary importance, and was now described as the Canal Branch, to be opened later. Blenkinsopp Colliery was located a short distance east of Greenhead and that was given a rail connection concurrently.

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unable or unwilling to respond to the calls as they came. There was a process by which they would forfeit their shares in extreme cases, but the forfeiture would result in no further money coming on the forfeited shares, a situation that was unwelcome to the directors.

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The controversy over the route at the eastern end continued and on 10 September 1833, the board decided to alter it to follow the south bank, to a terminus at Redheugh, at Askew's Quay, a little east of the location of the present King Edward VII bridge. By now the

697:, had successfully taken the haulage of trains to itself and introduced steam locomotives. On 13 June, therefore, the board of the N&CR decided to adopt the same arrangement and subsequently placed orders for two locomotives, of which one was to be built by 1351:, the Railway King. Hudson's clear intention was to get a through line to Edinburgh, and he made public plans to cross the Tyne from Gateshead, and to build a common station in Newcastle. Those ideas became the High Level Bridge and Newcastle Central station. 1487:

judgment in July 1859 that the agreement had exceeded the companies' powers, and they resumed independent, although collaborative, operation. An application to Parliament in 1860 to amalgamate also failed when the North British Railway opposed the bill.

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that had opened in Newcastle, and also on Sunday 14 June, a special service was run for the employees of R & W Hawthorn with tickets sold at half price, with a certain number having been guaranteed. In 1847 there were six trains a day taking about

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The NER agreed arrangements for the Wylam bridge with the SN&WR, and on 13 May 1876 the Newburn to Wylam village section was opened, with a station in Wylam itself, known as North Wylam. The NER now extended the passenger service to North Wylam.

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opened in May 1843; this joined the N&CR near London Road, and worked in collaboration with the N&CR, forming a through route to a navigable part of the Solway Firth. The M&CR trains used the London Road station for its passenger trains.

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Trade inspectorate. The North Eastern Railway took over the branch in October 1912 and upgraded the track. A passenger service was provided from 1 August 1913; it was suspended from 1917 until 1 March 1920, but it closed finally on 29 October 1923.

720:. The company circularised landowners as this was specifically forbidden in the company's act of Parliament; the response was generally favourable or acquiescent, and the company undertook to use coke instead of coal to minimise any smoke nuisance. 625:

Having brought about the inception of the BG&HR, the N&CR directors now considered whether to activate the option of building that line themselves, and on 21 August 1834 they decided to do so. This required a further act of Parliament, the

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Company had a lead smelting plant at Langley, about two miles from Haydon Bridge, and it too was supportive of a branch line, which would inevitably serve their works. This attracted local support and the Hexham and Allendale Railway obtained the

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A difficulty with railway investments was the long delay between expenditure on construction and the receipt of trading income. To encourage investors, the N&CR had undertaken to pay dividends out of capital, a practice nowadays regarded as

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North Eastern Railway; a regular service from a proper station at Brampton began 4 July 1881; there was poor support, and it closed on 1 May 1890; reopened by NER 1 August 1913; closed 1 March 1917; reopened 1 March 1920; closed 29 October 1923.

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the surrounding hills had been handled by the Brandling Junction Railway, which joined the N&CR line near Redheugh. This former waggonway was successively upgraded and after absorption by the North Eastern Railway was further modernised.

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The single-track sections on the line in 1840 were from Stocksfield to Hexham, and from Rose Hill to Milton; on the double track sections the N&CR practised right-hand running. Most stations did not have elevated platforms. The track was

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On 6 October 1876 the bridge at West Wylam, connecting westwards towards Hexham, was opened. Only goods and mineral trains, and occasional special passenger trains, used the bridge; the ordinary passenger service was not extended across it.

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The local lead industry declined steeply in the 1870s and collapsed in the following decade. The line was never profitable and the company sold its line to the North Eastern Railway for 60% of its capitalisation, effective on 13 July 1876.

1180:; on 17 November 1852 the viaduct was ready and the branch started full operation. There were two passenger trains each way every weekday; the primary purpose of the line was mineral traffic. A third passenger train was added from 1870. 937:

centre was now favoured, although there were several alternative locations for the terminal, the climbing route had no parliamentary authority for land acquisition. In addition, the riverside quays still needed to be served, and a 1 in 8

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per mile for first class and 1.672d per mile for second class; on the mixed trains this was reduced to 1.967d and 1.475d per mile respectively. The N&CR ran excursion trains in 1840, the first on specific services for visitors to a

806:. c. cv), to build from Gateshead to Darlington; its clear intention was to extend to York, and by alliance with other contemplated lines, to form a trunk line northwards as well. The Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Railway Act 1835 ( 899:

hour (16 km/h), but locomotives such as "Wellington" hauling eight passenger carriages, reached 39.5 miles per hour (63.6 km/h) and in service. In 1837 "Eden" ran at 60 miles per hour (97 km/h) from Milton to Carlisle.

3112:

Buildings and structures are given one of three grades: Grade I for buildings of exceptional interest, Grade II* for particularly important buildings of more than special interest and Grade II for buildings that are of special

1186:

The line climbed all the way from Haltwhistle, 405 feet above sea level, to Alston, 905 feet; the first section from Haltwhistle was at a gradient of 1 in 80, 70 and 100, and there was a section of 1 in 50 close to Alston.

4575: 1392:

had managed to obtain entry to Citadel station, and omnibuses were provided to carry through passengers between London Road and Citadel stations; the through tickets included the omnibus connection between the stations.

1533:

via Border Counties Junction at Hexham, although by 1904 this had been reduced to three trains a day. The N&CR station in Carlisle was almost a mile away from city centre and inconvenient for passengers. The joint

1049:

on 29 August 1850, but at that time its only access was from the east end, and for the time being N&CR services continued to use the Forth station; they got access to the new Central station from 1 January 1851.

1704:. The Scotswood bridge and the line to it was closed to all traffic from 4 October that year. Part of the northern side of the line towards Central remained in use to serve a cement terminal at Elswick until 1986. 1491:

However negotiations continued and amalgamation was agreed upon, and this time ratified by act of Parliament of 17 July 1862. The NER managed to negotiate access to the Citadel station at Carlisle at the same time.

919:

The Tanfield wagonway was connected into the N&CR Redheugh line near Dunston and minerals from that line then ascended the Brandling Junction incline, running over only a few hundred yards of the N&CR line.

329:. c. lxxii) was passed on 22 May 1829, with authorised capital of £300,000. At the eastern end, the line was to be on the north bank of the Tyne near Scotswood bridge, with the Thornton Street branch in addition. 842:

The Canal Branch saw its first traffic of grain on 25 February 1837, and it was formally opened on 9 March 1837. Its purpose was transshipment to and from the canal itself, and the terminal was for goods only;

969:

1839 reaching Sunderland, so that the Redheugh incline became an important artery for mineral traffic to the deep water quays. At a gradient of 1 in 23, the incline was rope-worked by stationary steam engine.

912:

opened on 15 January 1839. At the time there was almost no building east of the present-day Gateshead Highway (A167) and an incline to the bank of the Tyne ran south to north through the site now occupied by

1592:

c. xlviii), on 16 June 1871. It left the line from Carlisle to the west of Wylam and crossed the Tyne there, running east on the north bank and rejoining the N&CR at Scotswood; the capital was £85,000.

82:, introduced pre-printed numbered pasteboard tickets dated by a press, a huge advance on the former system of individual hand-written tickets; in time his system achieved near-universal adoption worldwide. 3055:

For example, Tomlinson on page 321 refers to "the temporary station near the Shot Tower". The Northern Liberator of 26 October 1839 reported that "The station near the infirmary, was opened on Monday...".

1099:

An Act to authorize the Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Railway Company to extend their Railway in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, to make a Branch Railway, and for other Purposes connected with their Undertaking.

950:

Nonetheless the work progressed, with land being acquired in the still-rural area west of Newcastle. A demonstration run over the incomplete permanent way was arranged on 21 May 1839 to comply with the

645:(near Derwenthaugh) and the N&CR would build to the west. The BG&HR hesitated, and in May 1835 had just begun work as the Brandling brothers announced plans to build a railway from Gateshead to 467:

was under construction; it was to run to Tyne Dock, some way downstream, and would get direct access to convey minerals to sea-going vessels, and the N&CR directors saw this as serious competition.

230:

Plans for the line were submitted for a parliamentary bill in the 1826 session, but before any hearing determined opposition was experienced from two landed proprietors on the route, as well as from

2723:

Newcastle Shot Tower; inaugural trip on 21 May 1839, but opened fully 21 October 1839; closed almost immediately due to landslip; reopened 2 November 1839; closed on extension to Forth 1 March 1847;

1608:

The short line was useful to the NER but the value of its independence to its own shareholders was limited, and thoughts soon turned to sale to the NER; this was brought about and confirmed by the

1380:

At the west end of the line, a through route between London and Scotland was being formed too; the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway opened in December 1846 connecting ultimately to London, and the

1730:

and Newcastle. Line speeds are predominantly 60–65 miles per hour (97–105 km/h) and trains typically take between 83 and 92 minutes to travel from Carlisle to Newcastle. The line links the

1545:

In the summer of 1863 the work of changing from right-hand running to the British convention of left-hand running was undertaken. The estimated cost was £4,000 and it was done in stages.

1722:

follows much of the former N&CR route between the two cities. The line is double track with fourteen intermediate stations; it is not electrified. The train service is provided by

528:

addition, it was now urgently desired to extend to deeper water east of Gateshead and a separate company was founded with the encouragement of the N&CR, to build that line. The

1726:. There are (2024) typically two trains an hour between Carlisle and Newcastle, with three trains an hour between Hexham and Newcastle. In addition there are local service between 847:

the gap. The section was finally constructed, and on 15 June 1838 a train carried the directors in a trial run over the line between Newcastle and Carlisle. The anniversary of the

1766: 641:

The BG&HR protested against the N&CR adoption of the work by the N&CR, and by negotiation, it was agreed that the BG&HR would build the line from Gateshead to the

584:

An Act to authorize the Newcastle upon Tyne and Carlisle Railway Company to make an additional Branch Railway or Tramroad; and for other Purposes connected with their Undertaking.

2415: 834:, having been altered to join the N&CR at Milton (later Brampton Junction), and opened formally on 15 July 1836. His traffic had used horse traction, the horses riding in 1369:, but a route from Hexham through Bellingham and Melrose was put forward. This was welcomed by the N&CR as it would have brought traffic to their line. In the event the 1641:, giving easier access to Gateshead and towards South Shields, and to Newcastle Central station. This direct route is used by Carlisle to Newcastle passenger trains today. 814:

properly, and after much deliberation the board decided on 25 April 1837 to keep to the original Scotswood crossing of the Tyne and to build the Newcastle arm of its line.

2872:

known locally as Corby Bridge, and crossing the River Eden is listed Grade I; it consists of five semi-circular stone arches of 80 feet span. The next structure east, the

1413:

Parliament to authorise it, and it became impossible to sustain the proposal. The bill for the act failed, and the N&CR reverted to independence from 1 January 1850.

1401:

As the idea of a railway network developed, so did the wish to form larger companies by merger. The Newcastle & Carlisle was approached with an offer to lease by the

1665:(LNER) on 1 January 1923. Britain's railways were nationalised on 1 January 1948 and the former Newcastle and Carlisle Railway lines were placed under the control of 1422:

1853 all the original rails had been replaced. The joints were now fished for the first time. By March 1853 the electric telegraph was in full operation on the line.

766:

Robert William Brandling (usually known simply as William Brandling) was a wealthy coal owner, and he had obtained parliamentary powers in a personal capacity in the

317:

There were considerable difficulties in the parliamentary process, particularly over levels, bridge clearances and construction, and resilience to flooding, but the

1183:

The lead industry in the area declined sharply from the 1870s, but coal and lime traffic continued, and formed the mainstay of the rather thin traffic on the line.

1026: 973: 1633:

Although the earliest connections from the south to Gateshead and Newcastle took an easterly course, a more direct southward route was established in 1893: the

1207:

c. ccxii). It ran from a junction at Hexham with the N&CR, running north to mineral deposits. Further acts authorised extension to make a junction with the

2787:

The line opened on 21 May 1852 except for the connection across a viaduct into Haltwhistle; it opened throughout on 17 November 1852; it closed on 3 May 1976.

1585: 1483:. Agreement to merge the NER and the N&CR was reached in January 1859, approved by the NER board on 18 February 1859. However two shareholders obtained a 1200: 396:

An Act to accelerate the raising by the Newcastle upon Tyne and Carlisle Railway Company of a certain Sum for the more speedy Prosecution of the Undertaking.

2760:

Derwenthaugh; opened 1 March 1837; closed 30 August 1850; sporadic use from November 1852 until February 1868 by service from Redheugh to Swalwell Colliery;

1759: 1431:

company's Derwenthaugh coke ovens had been expanded in 1852. The use of coal so reduced costs of fuel that by 1862 it was virtually complete on the line.

1280:, the station master at Milton, introduced a system of printed numbered pasteboard tickets that were dated by a press; the system was first used in 1837. 977:

with the N&DJR. The portion working (by which trains from Carlisle divided at Blaydon, running in two portions to Newcastle and Gateshead) continued.

2865:

The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway built a considerable number of fine structures, many of them especially ambitious for the early date of construction.

120:

The scheme was controversial, but gained enough support to be presented to Parliament in the 1797 session, but met opposition there and was withdrawn.

5143: 5133: 4989: 1521:

The 1862 act also gave the NBR running rights over the N&CR between Hexham and Newcastle, the NER gaining reciprocal rights over the NBR between

1355: 351:. In fact, the central section of the route was considered to be the best to bring in some early revenue, and that is where the emphasis was placed. 109:

was an important commercial centre, but as late as the eighteenth century transport was limited. It is situated on the River Eden at the head of the

4579: 1276:

Originally paper tickets were written out by hand in a time-consuming process. With such as system it was difficult to keep accurate records, and

164: 1752: 27:

This article is about historic railway company which ran trains from Newcastle to Carlisle. For the modern service between these two cities, see

197:

was elected chairman. A route was published on 12 November 1825. It ran from Carlisle to Newcastle quay, crossing over to the north side of the

5138: 5128: 767: 17: 1542:, had opened in 1847 and the 1862 act made the NER a tenant. Passenger services began to terminate at the Citadel station on 1 January 1863. 143: 5123: 779: 2971:, page 40, he says 3 March 1835. Other sources say 9 March: Fawcett, page 55; Hoole, page 196; Quick, page 324; Tomlinson, page 263. 1609: 676: 4682: 4636: 4605: 4548: 4517: 4486: 4397: 4366: 4127: 827:

additional expense. Eventually the western end was opened from Greenhead to the Carlisle station at London Road on 19 July 1836.

799: 980:

For 30 months from this time the N&CR provided part of the through railway link between London and Carlisle, via Gateshead.

1827: 1504: 1303: hours, whereas the express trains stopped at selected stations and took 3 hours. The fare on the express trains was 2.164 1217: 1104: 589: 529: 498: 401: 281: 5048: 4663: 3094:

The YN&BR had been formed by the merger of the York & Newcastle and Newcastle & Berwick railways on 9 August 1847.

4924: 3983: 3943: 3844: 3750: 3174: 3043: 1237: 2880:, on the outskirts of Carlisle, is a skew bridge of three 30-foot (9 m) elliptical arch spans. It is listed Grade II*. 2778:

Redheugh; opened 1 March 1837; closed 30 August 1850; reopened for Swalwell Colliery service November 1852, closed May 1853.

4829: 2825:

Heddon-on-the-Wall; opened by July 1881; closed 15 September 1958; (Whittle says opened 15 May 1881 but that was a Sunday);

2503: 1570: 1406: 830:

The Earl of Carlisle's mineral traffic had already been running for a short time (since 13 July), his modernised line, the

2883:

The Lambley Viaduct on the closed Alston branch is also Grade II* listed; there are nine principal spans of 58 feet span.

78:

For many years the line ran trains on the right-hand track on double line sections. In 1837 a station master on the line,

5118: 4804: 4779: 231: 1693:

The railway was diverted to avoid Farnley Scar Tunnel in 1962; the tunnel portals remain and both are listed monuments.

135:. c. xiii), and it opened in 1823; Bowness was retitled Port Carlisle; the canal was large enough to carry small ships. 4641: 4610: 4553: 4522: 4491: 4402: 4371: 4132: 3963: 3348: 2364: 1723: 4943: 4886: 4867: 4848: 4750: 4724: 4470: 4003: 3770: 3703: 3488: 3223: 2763:

Derwenthaugh Junction; trailing junction from Swalwell Colliery 1847 to 1989; trailing junction to Dunston from 1904;

1389: 989: 894:

brakes, although some tenders were fitted with them, and there were no weatherboards, the driver and firemen wearing

642: 1045:

classical style with a trainshed roof constructed of three 60 feet (18 m) wide bays. The station was opened by

234:, who had extensive colliery interests near Brampton, and did not wish his near-monopoly to be disrupted. Moreover, 3025:, p. 403) states green picked out in white, referencing Whishaw and "Atkinson & Philipson's book of 1841". 2991: 1662: 1539: 1514: 1086: 571: 383: 273: 694: 4905: 3073: 1535: 1476: 795: 180:

There were evidently doubts cast on the practicality of Chapman's railway scheme, for the promoters brought in

2726:

Newcastle Forth; opened 1 March 1847; closed 1 January 1851 when trains diverted to Newcastle Central station;

1132: 2393: 2188: 1696:

In October 1982, the connection from Newcastle to the N&CR line was diverted to use the NER line through

1331: 702: 617: 429: 749:

conveyed to and from Blaydon by omnibus, or by steam boat from Newcastle quay when the tide was favourable.

1899: 1793: 1230: 309: 4995: 2687:; line open 10 March 1835; closed 3 September 1966 for engineering works; reopened 1 May 1967; still open; 2232: 2210: 2078: 2056: 1727: 2907: 2868:

Many of them are on the Statutory List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest. The

2696:; opened 10 March 1835; closed 3 September 1966 for engineering works; reopened 1 May 1967; still open; 2144: 1472: 775: 654: 114: 86: 5096: 2990:

Joy is definite in saying this, page 66; a Canal passenger station had to wait for the arrival of the

161:

canal: £252,000 against £888,000. Horse traction was still incorporated into Chapman's railway plans.

4448: 2254: 2166: 2100: 866:

Carlisle London Road to Greenhead: 19 July 1836; short mineral extension to Blenkinsopp the same day;

464: 450:. c. xcii) on 23 June. In late 1832 the problem was only overcome by obtaining a loan at 5% from the 69: 1221:

whereas the NER now ran all east coast main line trains, passenger and goods, through to Edinburgh.

93:

follows much of the former N&CR route between the two cities, but the Alston branch has closed.

4953: 2919: 2717:

Scotswood; opened 21 October 1839; closed 1 May 1967; trailing junction from Newburn, 1875 to 1986;

2459: 2437: 2276: 1863: 1549: 1263: 348: 3255:

William Chapman, report to the Directors of the N&CR 16 June 1825, quoted in Whittle, page 14

2563:

Carlisle London Road; opened 19 July 1836; closed 1 January 1863 when trains diverted to Citadel;

2298: 2034: 1968: 1697: 1672: 1309: 1196: 1038: 952: 451: 128: 123:

After 1815 ideas of a canal were revived, and a much shorter canal from Bowness to Carlisle, the

5021:, in the Railway Magazine, March 1900, gives a full list of original locomotives of the company. 4316: 2903: 2895: 2481: 2122: 1701: 1638: 1530: 1509: 1495:

Throughout its twenty-seven year history the N&CR paid dividends between 4 and 6 per cent.

1480: 169: 3076:

shows four through trains, two of these having connections or through carriages for Redheugh.

2012: 1990: 1653:

Changes to the railway network between Blaydon, Newcastle and Gateshead between 1876 and 2016

1370: 1327: hours, and two trains on Sundays; the Sunday trains were criticised by church leaders. 1212: 1094: 579: 391: 75:

A branch line was built to reach lead mines around Alston, opening from Haltwhistle in 1852.

2769:; trailing junction from Whickham Junction from 1908; facing junction to Low Fell from 1908; 1347:

The Newcastle and Darlington Junction Railway was part of the group of companies managed by

1245:

Passengers had not been a priority, but passenger trains started operating on 1 March 1869.

4797: 4772: 4716: 1735: 1731: 1682: 1452: 1445: 1208: 208:

Chapman reported again in June 1825; he disparaged the locomotives available at the time:

8: 4957: 157: 53: 5071: 4971: 4739: 4686: 3857: 1522: 1402: 1381: 1374: 913: 848: 1010: 5075: 4977: 4939: 4920: 4901: 4882: 4863: 4844: 4825: 4756: 4746: 4734: 4720: 4466: 3999: 3979: 3959: 3939: 3766: 3746: 3699: 3484: 3365: 3344: 3219: 3170: 3039: 2857:; Swalwell Colliery; opened to passenger trains November 1852; closed December 1853. 1658: 1484: 235: 106: 57: 5102: 4576:"Protecting, conserving and providing access to the historic environment in England" 1405:

in March 1848, and the company received another offer soon afterwards from Hudson's

5079: 5067: 5063: 4793: 4768: 4667: 4632: 4601: 4544: 4513: 4482: 4393: 4362: 4123: 2869: 1937: 1719: 1713: 1666: 1613: 1589: 1366: 1277: 1241: 1204: 999: 831: 807: 803: 783: 771: 698: 635: 594: 541: 503: 447: 406: 90: 79: 28: 2572:; opened 19 July 1836; closed 2 January 1967; reopened 5 October 1981; still open; 1700:

before rejoining the former N&CR Redheugh branch at Derwenthaugh crossing the

5037: 5026: 4967: 3863: 3481:

A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: Volume 14: The Lake Counties

1177: 1158: 1109: 1030: 61: 156:

railways and locomotives, and when William Chapman returned to consider linking

60:, on the west coast. The railway began operating mineral trains in 1834 between 4973:

The Railways of Great Britain and Ireland Practically Described and Illustrated

3868: 3864:"The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)" 1046: 887: 124: 4128:"Overtrack signal box to the east of Hexham station (Grade II) (1042523)" 960:

Infirmary site, although the intended passenger terminal there was not built.

737:

The railway opened for passengers with considerable ceremony on 9 March 1835.

5112: 4981: 4898:

A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: Volume IV The North East

3403:

A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: volume 4: The North east

3369: 2873: 2597:

Rose Hill; opened 19 July 1836; renamed Gilsland 1869; closed 2 January 1967;

1362: 1348: 650: 646: 181: 4760: 2899: 1122: 607: 516: 419: 299: 148: 117:

surveyed a scheme for the canal, and published details of a route in 1795.

110: 1475:(NER) was created on 31 July 1854 by the merger of the YN&BR with the 3364:. Vol. 131, no. 1007. Sutton: Transport Press. pp. 113–5. 2877: 1686: 1042: 835: 2584:

Milton; junction for Brampton Town branch; opened 19 July 1836; renamed

36: 3103:

Naworth closed in 1952, Ryton in 1954, and How Mill and Scotby in 1959.

2958:

Tomlinson says (pages 262 - 263) that this started on 26 November 1834.

1685:

began to replace trains hauled by steam locomotives from 1955. In 1963

198: 194: 52:) was an English railway company formed in 1825 that built a line from 4637:"Wylam station and station-master's house (Grade II*) (1370462)" 3419:

Railway Passenger Stations in England Scotland and Wales—A Chronology

3021:, p. 344) these are described as white picked out in green, but 1649: 1552:

in 1868 after the original wooden one was destroyed by fire in 1860.

1526: 774:. c. lxxxiii) on 7 June to acquire land for a railway. It became the 326: 286: 202: 132: 895: 4606:"Railway viaduct over River South Tyne (Grade II*) (1042918)" 4297: 3360:

Denholm, Michael J. (March 1985). "Newcastle & Carlisle 150".

3034:

Newcastle was not granted city status until 1882; see A W Purdue,

928: 4465:, Railway and Canal Historical Society, Mold, 1975 revised 1991, 3321: 2803:

Featherstone; opened 19 July 1851 renamed Featherstone Park 1902;

1513:

Hexham signal box, built by the NER about 1896; it is a Grade II

740:

With 600 tickets issued, the two recently acquired locomotives,

173: 1575: 1529:. Initially the NBR ran four trains a day between Newcastle and 1268: 1140: 5039:

Second report on the line of railway from Newcastle to Carlisle

3556: 2822:

North Wylam; opened 13 May 1876 terminus; closed 11 March 1968;

2588:

1870; intermittently to 1971 was Brampton Junction; still open;

1025:

In 1846 the N&CR obtained its fifth act of Parliament, the

681: 127:, was promoted. It received parliamentary authorisation as the 65: 4398:"East portal of Farnley Scar Tunnel (Grade II) (1370551)" 4367:"West portal of Farnley Scar Tunnel (Grade II) (1044779)" 3376: 2560:

Carlisle Canal; possibly never officially a passenger station;

1466: 1361:

seemed to be the most realistic due to the high ground of the

1304: 222: 4222: 4068: 3845:

Bradshaw's Monthly General Railway and Steam Navigation Guide

3802: 3532: 3167:

A History of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, 1824 to 1870

2889: 2630:

Fourstones; opened early January 1837; closed 2 January 1967;

714: 706: 4176: 4174: 3814: 3493: 3461: 3424: 3304:

An Historical Geography of the Railways of the British Isles

2575:

Heads Nook; opened by September 1862; closed 2 January 1967;

4443: 4441: 3792: 3790: 3279: 2902:

railway laid on the former Alston branch track bed between

1564: 1338: 4263: 4261: 3640: 3520: 3228: 2886:

The buildings at Wylam station are also Grade II* listed.

2627:

Allerwash; opened 28 June 1836; closed early January 1837;

1548:

The bridge over the Tyne at Scotswood was replaced by the

1538:

and Caledonian Railway station in the centre of the city,

863:

Carlisle Canal Basin to London Road station: 9 March 1837;

172:

of the Wetheral Viaduct, built by the N&CR across the

4186: 4171: 2831:

Lemington; opened 12 July 1875; closed 15 September 1958;

1579:

Railways between Blaydon, Gateshead and Newcastle in 1876

4438: 4285: 4234: 4104: 4080: 3895: 3826: 3787: 3775: 3720: 3664: 3652: 3628: 3616: 3604: 3592: 3580: 3544: 3309: 2720:

Elswick; opened 2 September 1889; closed 2 January 1967;

1661:, the North Eastern Railway became a constituent of the 1153:

Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Branch Railway Act 1846

1069:

Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Branch Railway Act 1846

1027:

Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Branch Railway Act 1846

932:

System map of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway in 1862

226:

System map of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway in 1839

96: 4343: 4258: 3956:

The Origins of the Scottish Railway System, 1722 - 1844

2828:

Newburn; opened 12 July 1875; closed 15 September 1958;

2633:

Warden; opened 28 June 1836; closed early January 1837;

1162:

on the basis that Alston as a railhead was sufficient.

728: 536:

Blaydon, Gateshead and Hebburn Railway Company Act 1834

478:

Blaydon, Gateshead and Hebburn Railway Company Act 1834

5049:"The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway and its Engineers" 3883: 3568: 3510: 3508: 3085:

A pre-decimal penny in 1840 was worth about 48p today.

2876:, of seven 43 ft arches, is grade II listed. The 2600:

Greenhead; opened 19 July 1836; closed 2 January 1967;

1586:

Scotswood, Newburn and Wylam Railway and Dock Act 1871

1149:

Nenthead from 1841 and a branch was authorised by the

1037:

The latter took some years to complete; the architect

4044: 4020: 2898:

operates seasonal services on a 5-mile (8.0 km)

2578:

How Mill; opened 19 July 1836; closed 5 January 1959;

1201:

Border Counties Railway (North Tyne Section) Act 1854

789: 4417: 4246: 4210: 4147: 4092: 4056: 3708: 3436: 2594:

Low Row; opened 19 July 1836; closed 5 January 1959;

2566:

Scotby; opened 19 July 1836; closed 2 November 1959;

532:(BG&HR) obtained parliamentary authority in the 40:

An early train on the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway

4959:

The North Eastern Railway: Its rise and development

4631: 4600: 4543: 4512: 4481: 4392: 4361: 4331: 4273: 4198: 4159: 4122: 4008: 3907: 3696:

The High Level Bridge and Newcastle Central Station

3676: 3505: 3064:

Whittle, page 73; Fawcett says 28 August, page 123.

906: 4738: 4032: 3267: 1628: 963: 688:the first locomotive built for use on the N&CR 191:Newcastle upon Tyne and Carlisle Rail-Road Company 4822:The Railways of Great Britain: A Historical Atlas 2751:; trailing junction from Scotswood, 1897 to 1966; 1356:History of the North British Railway (until 1855) 761: 630:Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Railway Act 1835 554:Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Railway Act 1835 457: 442:Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Railway Act 1832 366:Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Railway Act 1832 321:Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Railway Act 1829 256:Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Railway Act 1829 5110: 4580:Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport 3936:A History of the Newcastle & Berwick Railway 3421:, The Railway and Canal Historical Society, 2002 2690:Ryton; opened 10 March 1835; closed 5 July 1954; 2681:; facing junction to Newburn line, 1876 to 1968; 2581:Brampton Fell; opened 19 July 1836; closed 1858; 2329: 1745: 1451:In 1844 or 1845, a train collided with a cow at 1211:, better known later as the Waverley Route. The 798:obtained its authorising act of Parliament, the 3958:, John Donald Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh, 1983, 3353: 2757:; trailing junction from Consett, 1908 to 1963; 2714:; trailing junction from Consett, 1867 to 1963; 1462:exploded whilst it was hauling a freight train. 3978:, Stenlake Publishing Limited, Catrine, 2014, 2654:; line diverted to by-pass the tunnel in 1962; 1385:outside throughout its independent existence. 1190: 768:Gateshead and Monks Wearmouth Railway Act 1835 4449:"Disused Stations: Featherstone Park Station" 4435:Railway Passenger Stations by M.Quick page 92 3341:The Railways of Consett and North-West Durham 1760: 1458:On 28 January 1845, the boiler of locomotive 1272:A blank N&CR paper ticket printed in 1837 947:descending rope-worked incline was proposed. 4988: 3919: 3850: 3483:, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1983, 983: 205:and running on the north bank to Newcastle. 5028:Views on the Newcastle and Carlisle railway 4991:Route Specifications – London North Eastern 3998:, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1969, 3938:, North Eastern Railway Association, 2011, 3763:The North British Railway in Northumberland 3698:, North Eastern Railway Association, 1999, 3343:, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1971, 3218:, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1979, 3169:, North Eastern Railway Association, 2008, 2708:; facing junction to Consett, 1867 to 1963; 1467:Amalgamation with the North Eastern Railway 780:Brandling Junction Railway Company Act 1836 713:was delivered in 1835, closely followed by 4798:"The Reshaping of British Railways (maps)" 4741:Encyclopaedia of British Railway Companies 3210: 3208: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3161: 3159: 3157: 3155: 3153: 3151: 3149: 2890:South Tynedale Railway (heritage services) 1767: 1753: 1676:A diesel train at Brampton station in 1962 1434: 859:The opening dates may be summarised thus: 854: 817: 138: 5024: 4952: 4792: 4767: 4303: 4291: 4110: 4086: 4074: 3948: 3901: 3860:inflation figures are based on data from 3832: 3820: 3808: 3781: 3726: 3670: 3658: 3634: 3622: 3610: 3598: 3586: 3550: 3499: 3467: 3430: 3382: 3327: 3315: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3285: 3234: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3147: 3145: 3143: 3141: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3022: 2969:Railways of Consett and North West Durham 1289:goods, stopped at every station and took 974:Newcastle and Darlington Junction Railway 869:Greenhead to Haydon Bridge: 18 June 1838; 5144:British companies disestablished in 1862 5134:Railway companies disestablished in 1862 5046: 5036:Giles, Francis (Civil Engineer) (1830). 4933: 4685:. South Tynedale Railway. Archived from 4666:. South Tynedale Railway. Archived from 4549:"Gelt Bridge (Grade II*) (1335587)" 4192: 4180: 3688: 3413: 3411: 3397: 3395: 3393: 3391: 2591:Naworth; opened 1871; closed 5 May 1952; 1671: 1648: 1610:North Eastern Railway (General) Act 1883 1574: 1565:The Scotswood, Newburn and Wylam Railway 1508: 1498: 1440:On 1 May 1844, the boiler of locomotive 1339:Line improvements and main line railways 1267: 1139: 927: 680: 677:Locomotives of the North Eastern Railway 221: 163: 142: 85:The N&CR was absorbed by the larger 50:Newcastle upon Tyne and Carlisle Railway 35: 4966: 4876: 4487:"Corby Bridge (Grade I) (1087690)" 4050: 4026: 3988: 3928: 3889: 3737: 3735: 3646: 3574: 3562: 3538: 3526: 3359: 3333: 3018: 3005: 1373:was authorised in 1844 followed by the 1283: 1224: 1176:line had to wait for the completion of 923: 881:Derwenthaugh to Redheugh: 1 March 1837. 800:Great North of England Railway Act 1836 332: 14: 5111: 4857: 4455: 4228: 3755: 3291: 3258: 3240: 3179: 3126: 2992:Port Carlisle Dock and Railway Company 1505:North Eastern Railway (United Kingdom) 1257: 1195:On 31 July 1854 the first part of the 878:Blaydon to Derwenthaugh: 11 June 1836; 872:Haydon Bridge to Hexham: 28 June 1836; 670: 530:Blaydon, Gateshead and Hebburn Railway 5139:British companies established in 1825 5129:Railway companies established in 1825 5035: 4914: 4895: 4881:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. 4733: 4710: 4463:North Eastern Railway Historical Maps 4279: 4252: 4240: 4216: 4204: 4165: 4153: 4098: 4062: 4014: 3913: 3861: 3796: 3714: 3682: 3514: 3442: 3408: 3388: 3273: 3038:, Amberley Publishing, Stroud, 2012, 1455:and was derailed, killing the driver. 1425: 1407:York, Newcastle & Berwick Railway 1252: 1238:Hexham and Allendale Railway Act 1865 1144:System map of the Alston branch, 1852 1133:Text of statute as originally enacted 723: 618:Text of statute as originally enacted 430:Text of statute as originally enacted 354: 337: 310:Text of statute as originally enacted 97:History of the route and construction 5105:at the Cumbrian Railways Association 4994:. Network Rail. 2012. Archived from 4976:(2nd ed.). London: John Weale. 4838: 4819: 4423: 4349: 4337: 4267: 4038: 3976:The North British Railway: A History 3968: 3765:, Merlin Books Ltd, Braunton, 1991, 3732: 3249: 3216:The Newcastle & Carlisle Railway 3074:Bradshaw's Railway Guide, March 1843 2811:Scotswood, Newburn and Wylam Railway 1571:Scotswood, Newburn and Wylam Railway 1057: 729:Opening of the first section of line 217: 147:The Wetheral Viaduct, also known as 4773:"The Reshaping of British Railways" 4745:. Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. 4319:. Disused stations. 10 October 2010 3996:The North British Railway, volume 1 3745:, The History Press, Stroud, 2015, 3473: 2675:; opened 10 March 1835; still open; 2666:; opened 10 March 1835; still open; 2660:; opened 10 March 1835; still open; 2648:; opened 10 March 1835; still open; 2642:; opened 10 March 1835; still open; 1555: 756: 661: 232:George Howard, 6th Earl of Carlisle 24: 5124:Standard gauge railways in England 5019:The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway 5011: 4642:National Heritage List for England 4611:National Heritage List for England 4554:National Heritage List for England 4523:National Heritage List for England 4492:National Heritage List for England 4403:National Heritage List for England 4372:National Heritage List for England 4133:National Heritage List for England 3405:, David and Charles, Dawlish, 1965 3264:Carlisle Patriot: 15 November 1828 2967:From Whittle, page 35; but in the 2624:; opened 28 June 1836; still open; 2618:; opened 18 June 1838; still open; 2612:; opened 18 June 1838; still open; 1619: 790:The Great North of England Railway 101: 25: 5155: 5090: 1919: 1707: 1390:Glasgow and South Western Railway 1019:Newcastle Central Station in 1850 990:Newcastle Central railway station 695:Stockton & Darlington Railway 5103:Newcastle & Carlisle Railway 5047:Rennison, R.W. (14 March 2001). 5025:Blackmore, John (January 1837). 4656: 4625: 4594: 4568: 4537: 4506: 4475: 4429: 4386: 3246:Newcastle Courant: 16 April 1825 3106: 2669:Mickley; opened 1859 closed 1915 2515: 2493: 2471: 2449: 2427: 2405: 2383: 2376: 2354: 2317: 2310: 2288: 2266: 2244: 2222: 2200: 2178: 2156: 2134: 2112: 2090: 2068: 2046: 2024: 2002: 1980: 1958: 1951: 1925: 1918: 1911: 1889: 1882: 1875: 1853: 1846: 1839: 1817: 1810: 1663:London and North Eastern Railway 1396: 1087:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1080: 1054:conveniently standing adjacent. 1009: 998: 907:Early connections to other lines 875:Hexham to Blaydon: 9 March 1835; 572:Parliament of the United Kingdom 565: 489: 384:Parliament of the United Kingdom 377: 274:Parliament of the United Kingdom 267: 46:Newcastle & Carlisle Railway 5062:(2000–2001 ed.): 203–233. 4355: 4309: 4116: 3838: 3694:John Addyman and Bill Fawcett, 3448: 3097: 3088: 3079: 3067: 3058: 3049: 3028: 3011: 2998: 2984: 2974: 2961: 2952: 2942: 2377: 2318: 2311: 1629:Connecting the Team Valley line 964:Greenesfield station, Gateshead 151:, is a Grade I listed structure 5097:Newcastle and Carlisle Railway 5068:10.1080/03720187.2000.12023613 4877:Hewison, Christian H. (1983). 3743:Railways of the North Pennines 2932: 2702:; facing junction to Redheugh; 2384: 1952: 1926: 1883: 1847: 1818: 1776:Newcastle and Carlisle Railway 1536:Lancaster and Carlisle Railway 1477:York and North Midland Railway 796:Great North of England Railway 778:, which was authorised by the 762:The Brandling Junction Railway 458:Gateshead instead of Newcastle 18:Newcastle and Carlisle Railway 13: 1: 4860:150 years of British Railways 3120: 2860: 2516: 1854: 1811: 1741: 1644: 1332:Maryport and Carlisle Railway 4879:Locomotive Boiler Explosions 4858:Hedges, Martin, ed. (1981). 2800:Coanwood:opened 19 July 1851 2551:Locations on the line were: 1912: 1416: 1231:Hexham and Allendale Railway 56:on Britain's east coast, to 7: 4934:Robinson, Peter W. (1986). 4820:Cobb, Colonel M.H. (2006). 3454:company's advertisement in 2913: 2494: 2472: 2450: 2428: 2406: 2355: 2289: 2267: 2245: 2223: 2201: 2179: 2157: 2135: 2113: 2091: 2069: 2047: 2025: 2003: 1981: 1959: 1890: 1876: 1840: 1616:c. lxiii) of 29 June 1883. 1191:The Border Counties Railway 703:Robert Stephenson & Co. 10: 5160: 5119:North Eastern Railway (UK) 4962:. Andrew Reid and Company. 4704: 2636:(Border Counties Junction) 1711: 1568: 1502: 1353: 1261: 1228: 1062:United Kingdom legislation 987: 776:Brandling Junction Railway 674: 655:Brandling Junction Railway 547:United Kingdom legislation 471:United Kingdom legislation 359:United Kingdom legislation 249:United Kingdom legislation 48:(N&CR) (formally, the 26: 4954:Tomlinson, William Weaver 4713:The North Eastern Railway 4711:Allen, Cecil J. (1974) . 4518:"Corby Viaduct (1087711)" 2712:Scotswood Bridge Junction 2524: 2509: 2502: 2487: 2480: 2465: 2458: 2443: 2436: 2421: 2414: 2399: 2392: 2370: 2363: 2348: 2326: 2304: 2297: 2282: 2275: 2260: 2253: 2238: 2231: 2216: 2209: 2194: 2187: 2172: 2165: 2150: 2143: 2128: 2121: 2106: 2099: 2084: 2077: 2062: 2055: 2040: 2033: 2018: 2011: 1996: 1989: 1974: 1967: 1945: 1934: 1905: 1898: 1869: 1862: 1833: 1826: 1804: 1131: 1121: 1116: 1103: 1093: 1079: 1074: 1067: 984:Newcastle Central station 616: 606: 601: 588: 578: 564: 559: 552: 515: 510: 497: 488: 483: 476: 465:Stanhope and Tyne Railway 428: 418: 413: 400: 390: 376: 371: 364: 308: 298: 293: 280: 266: 261: 254: 70:Newcastle Central Station 3565:, pp. 342, 346–347. 3330:, pp. 266–268, 310. 3036:Newcastle, the Biography 2925: 2920:Carlisle railway history 2850:Swalwell Colliery Branch 1330:At Carlisle part of the 1264:Edmondson railway ticket 4917:Rail Centres: Newcastle 4900:. David & Charles. 4461:R A Cooke and K Hoole, 4231:, pp. 88, 113–114. 3934:John Addyman (editor), 3862:Clark, Gregory (2017). 3306:, Cassell, London, 1959 2706:Consett Branch Junction 1435:Accidents and incidents 1197:Border Counties Railway 953:Public Works Loan Board 855:The first line complete 818:Further sections opened 705:The first of these, an 699:R & W Hawthorn Ltd. 452:Public Works Loan Board 139:First railway proposals 129:Carlisle Canal Act 1819 4936:Rail Centres: Carlisle 4841:The Railway Detectives 4839:Hall, Stanley (1990). 3541:, pp. 339 to 343. 2896:South Tynedale Railway 2755:Blaydon Curve Junction 2743:Blaydon East Junction' 2504:Carlisle (London Road) 1828:Newcastle (Shot Tower) 1702:King Edward VII Bridge 1677: 1654: 1639:King Edward VII Bridge 1580: 1518: 1481:Leeds Northern Railway 1448:, injuring two people. 1310:Polytechnic Exhibition 1273: 1199:was authorised by the 1145: 933: 689: 227: 215: 177: 170:John Wilson Carmichael 152: 41: 5085:on 24 September 2015. 4843:. London: Ian Allan. 2855:Derwenthaugh Junction 2773:Dunston East Junction 2749:Blaydon Loop Junction 2700:Blaydon East Junction 1736:West Coast Main Lines 1683:Diesel Multiple Units 1675: 1652: 1578: 1550:current girder bridge 1512: 1499:North Eastern Railway 1473:North Eastern Railway 1371:North British Railway 1271: 1218:North Eastern Railway 1213:North British Railway 1143: 931: 684: 225: 210: 193:met on 9 April 1825; 167: 146: 87:North Eastern Railway 39: 5031:. Newcastle on Tyne. 4077:, pp. 555, 580. 3811:, pp. 418, 421. 3385:, p. 262 - 263. 2839:Brampton Town branch 2806:Haltwhistle (above). 2604:Blenkinsopp Colliery 1453:Ryton, County Durham 1446:Carlisle, Cumberland 1284:Early train services 1225:The Allendale branch 1209:Border Union Railway 1165:In March 1851, the 4 972:On 18 June 1844 the 924:Blaydon to Newcastle 333:Engineering the line 5056:Trans. Newcomen Soc 4689:on 19 December 2013 4670:on 19 December 2013 4352:, pp. 475–476. 4270:, pp. 473–477. 4243:, pp. 198–199. 3925:Tomlinson, page 473 3823:, pp. 421–422. 3799:, pp. 142–143. 3529:, pp. 339–340. 3502:, pp. 314–318. 3470:, pp. 304–305. 3433:, pp. 263–265. 3288:, pp. 191–199. 3004:Called Downhalf in 2817:West Wylam Junction 2679:West Wylam Junction 2652:Farnley Scar Tunnel 1657:As a result of the 1258:Edmondson's tickets 794:On 4 July 1836 the 671:Locomotive traction 158:Newcastle upon Tyne 89:in 1862. Today the 54:Newcastle upon Tyne 4998:on 1 February 2013 4915:Hoole, K. (1986). 4896:Hoole, K. (1974). 4735:Awdry, Christopher 4582:. 27 February 2013 3858:Retail Price Index 3649:, p. 344–345. 3237:, pp. 99–101. 1678: 1655: 1581: 1523:Berwick-upon-Tweed 1519: 1426:Conversion to coal 1403:Caledonian Railway 1382:Caledonian Railway 1375:Caledonian Railway 1274: 1253:Operating the line 1146: 934: 849:Battle of Waterloo 724:Operation pre-1923 690: 355:Cash flow problems 338:Slow to start work 228: 178: 153: 42: 4926:978-0-7110-1592-0 4794:Beeching, Richard 4769:Beeching, Richard 4195:, pp. 52–55. 4183:, pp. 38–39. 3984:978-1-84033-647-4 3954:C J A Robertson, 3944:978-1-873513-75-0 3751:978-0-7509-6095-3 3456:Newcastle Journal 3175:978-1-873513-69-9 3044:978-1-4456-0934-8 2834:Scotswood; above. 2730:Newcastle Central 2549: 2548: 2545: 2544: 2342: 2341: 1659:Railways Act 1921 1635:Team Valley route 1614:46 & 47 Vict. 1590:34 & 35 Vict. 1485:Court of Chancery 1242:28 & 29 Vict. 1205:17 & 18 Vict. 1138: 1137: 1075:Act of Parliament 1058:The Alston branch 1041:designed it to a 808:5 & 6 Will. 4 804:6 & 7 Will. 4 784:6 & 7 Will. 4 772:5 & 6 Will. 4 709:locomotive named 701:and the other by 636:5 & 6 Will. 4 623: 622: 595:5 & 6 Will. 4 560:Act of Parliament 542:4 & 5 Will. 4 525: 524: 504:4 & 5 Will. 4 484:Act of Parliament 448:2 & 3 Will. 4 435: 434: 407:2 & 3 Will. 4 372:Act of Parliament 315: 314: 262:Act of Parliament 236:George Stephenson 218:A definite scheme 16:(Redirected from 5151: 5086: 5084: 5078:. Archived from 5053: 5043: 5032: 5007: 5005: 5003: 4985: 4968:Whishaw, Francis 4963: 4949: 4930: 4911: 4892: 4873: 4854: 4835: 4831:978-07110-3236-1 4816: 4814: 4812: 4802: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4777: 4764: 4744: 4730: 4699: 4698: 4696: 4694: 4679: 4677: 4675: 4660: 4654: 4653: 4651: 4649: 4633:Historic England 4629: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4618: 4602:Historic England 4598: 4592: 4591: 4589: 4587: 4572: 4566: 4565: 4563: 4561: 4545:Historic England 4541: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4514:Historic England 4510: 4504: 4503: 4501: 4499: 4483:Historic England 4479: 4473: 4459: 4453: 4452: 4445: 4436: 4433: 4427: 4421: 4415: 4414: 4412: 4410: 4394:Historic England 4390: 4384: 4383: 4381: 4379: 4363:Historic England 4359: 4353: 4347: 4341: 4335: 4329: 4328: 4326: 4324: 4313: 4307: 4306:, p. 103, map 9. 4301: 4295: 4289: 4283: 4277: 4271: 4265: 4256: 4250: 4244: 4238: 4232: 4226: 4220: 4214: 4208: 4202: 4196: 4190: 4184: 4178: 4169: 4163: 4157: 4151: 4145: 4144: 4142: 4140: 4124:Historic England 4120: 4114: 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2972: 2965: 2959: 2956: 2950: 2946: 2940: 2936: 2870:Wetheral Viaduct 2767:Dunston Junction 2519: 2518: 2497: 2496: 2475: 2474: 2453: 2452: 2431: 2430: 2409: 2408: 2387: 2386: 2380: 2379: 2358: 2357: 2338:Brampton Railway 2330: 2321: 2320: 2314: 2313: 2292: 2291: 2270: 2269: 2248: 2247: 2226: 2225: 2204: 2203: 2182: 2181: 2160: 2159: 2138: 2137: 2116: 2115: 2094: 2093: 2072: 2071: 2050: 2049: 2028: 2027: 2006: 2005: 1984: 1983: 1962: 1961: 1955: 1954: 1938:Scotswood Bridge 1929: 1928: 1922: 1921: 1915: 1914: 1893: 1892: 1886: 1885: 1879: 1878: 1857: 1856: 1850: 1849: 1843: 1842: 1821: 1820: 1814: 1813: 1802: 1801: 1769: 1762: 1755: 1746: 1720:Tyne Valley Line 1714:Tyne Valley Line 1667:British Railways 1556:The Consett line 1540:Carlisle Citadel 1515:listed structure 1367:Southern Uplands 1326: 1325: 1321: 1318: 1302: 1301: 1297: 1294: 1278:Thomas Edmondson 1174: 1173: 1169: 1159:9 & 10 Vict. 1155: 1154: 1110:9 & 10 Vict. 1084: 1083: 1070: 1065: 1064: 1031:9 & 10 Vict. 1013: 1002: 946: 945: 941: 832:Brampton Railway 757:Early expansions 662:Removal of Giles 632: 631: 569: 568: 555: 550: 549: 538: 537: 493: 492: 479: 474: 473: 444: 443: 381: 380: 367: 362: 361: 323: 322: 271: 270: 257: 252: 251: 91:Tyne Valley line 80:Thomas Edmondson 29:Tyne Valley line 21: 5159: 5158: 5154: 5153: 5152: 5150: 5149: 5148: 5109: 5108: 5093: 5082: 5051: 5017:James Russell, 5014: 5012:Further reading 5001: 4999: 4946: 4927: 4908: 4889: 4870: 4851: 4832: 4810: 4808: 4800: 4784: 4782: 4775: 4753: 4727: 4707: 4702: 4692: 4690: 4681: 4680: 4673: 4671: 4662: 4661: 4657: 4647: 4645: 4630: 4626: 4616: 4614: 4599: 4595: 4585: 4583: 4574: 4573: 4569: 4559: 4557: 4542: 4538: 4528: 4526: 4511: 4507: 4497: 4495: 4480: 4476: 4460: 4456: 4447: 4446: 4439: 4434: 4430: 4422: 4418: 4408: 4406: 4391: 4387: 4377: 4375: 4360: 4356: 4348: 4344: 4336: 4332: 4322: 4320: 4315: 4314: 4310: 4302: 4298: 4290: 4286: 4278: 4274: 4266: 4259: 4251: 4247: 4239: 4235: 4227: 4223: 4215: 4211: 4203: 4199: 4191: 4187: 4179: 4172: 4164: 4160: 4152: 4148: 4138: 4136: 4121: 4117: 4109: 4105: 4097: 4093: 4085: 4081: 4073: 4069: 4061: 4057: 4049: 4045: 4037: 4033: 4025: 4021: 4013: 4009: 3993: 3989: 3973: 3969: 3953: 3949: 3933: 3929: 3924: 3920: 3912: 3908: 3900: 3896: 3888: 3884: 3874: 3872: 3855: 3851: 3843: 3839: 3831: 3827: 3819: 3815: 3807: 3803: 3795: 3788: 3780: 3776: 3760: 3756: 3740: 3733: 3725: 3721: 3713: 3709: 3693: 3689: 3681: 3677: 3669: 3665: 3657: 3653: 3645: 3641: 3633: 3629: 3621: 3617: 3609: 3605: 3597: 3593: 3585: 3581: 3573: 3569: 3561: 3557: 3549: 3545: 3537: 3533: 3525: 3521: 3513: 3506: 3498: 3494: 3478: 3474: 3466: 3462: 3453: 3449: 3441: 3437: 3429: 3425: 3416: 3409: 3400: 3389: 3381: 3377: 3358: 3354: 3338: 3334: 3326: 3322: 3314: 3310: 3301: 3292: 3284: 3280: 3272: 3268: 3263: 3259: 3254: 3250: 3245: 3241: 3233: 3229: 3213: 3180: 3164: 3127: 3123: 3118: 3117: 3111: 3107: 3102: 3098: 3093: 3089: 3084: 3080: 3072: 3068: 3063: 3059: 3054: 3050: 3033: 3029: 3023:Tomlinson (1915 3016: 3012: 3008:, p. 347). 3003: 2999: 2989: 2985: 2979: 2975: 2966: 2962: 2957: 2953: 2947: 2943: 2937: 2933: 2928: 2916: 2892: 2863: 2737:Redheugh Branch 2520: 2498: 2476: 2454: 2432: 2410: 2388: 2381: 2359: 2344: 2333:Hartleyburn and 2322: 2315: 2293: 2271: 2249: 2227: 2205: 2183: 2161: 2139: 2117: 2095: 2073: 2051: 2029: 2007: 1985: 1963: 1956: 1941: 1930: 1923: 1916: 1894: 1887: 1880: 1858: 1851: 1844: 1822: 1815: 1796: 1787: 1778: 1777: 1773: 1744: 1716: 1710: 1647: 1631: 1622: 1620:Brampton branch 1573: 1567: 1558: 1507: 1501: 1469: 1437: 1428: 1419: 1399: 1358: 1341: 1323: 1319: 1316: 1314: 1299: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1286: 1266: 1260: 1255: 1233: 1227: 1193: 1178:Lambley Viaduct 1171: 1167: 1166: 1152: 1151: 1089: 1081: 1068: 1063: 1060: 1023: 1022: 1021: 1020: 1016: 1015: 1014: 1005: 1004: 1003: 992: 986: 966: 943: 939: 938: 926: 909: 857: 820: 792: 764: 759: 731: 726: 679: 673: 664: 629: 628: 574: 566: 553: 548: 535: 534: 490: 477: 472: 460: 441: 440: 386: 378: 365: 360: 357: 340: 335: 320: 319: 276: 268: 255: 250: 220: 141: 115:William Chapman 104: 102:Before railways 99: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5157: 5147: 5146: 5141: 5136: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5107: 5106: 5100: 5092: 5091:External links 5089: 5088: 5087: 5044: 5033: 5022: 5013: 5010: 5009: 5008: 4986: 4964: 4950: 4944: 4931: 4925: 4912: 4906: 4893: 4887: 4874: 4868: 4855: 4849: 4836: 4830: 4817: 4765: 4751: 4731: 4725: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4700: 4655: 4624: 4593: 4567: 4536: 4505: 4474: 4454: 4437: 4428: 4426:, p. 477. 4416: 4385: 4354: 4342: 4340:, p. 473. 4330: 4308: 4304:Beeching 1963b 4296: 4294:, p. 129. 4292:Beeching 1963a 4284: 4272: 4257: 4255:, p. 118. 4245: 4233: 4221: 4219:, p. 202. 4209: 4197: 4185: 4170: 4158: 4156:, p. 132. 4146: 4115: 4113:, p. 587. 4111:Tomlinson 1915 4103: 4101:, p. 125. 4091: 4089:, p. 583. 4087:Tomlinson 1915 4079: 4075:Tomlinson 1915 4067: 4065:, p. 107. 4055: 4043: 4031: 4019: 4007: 3987: 3967: 3964:978-0859760881 3947: 3927: 3918: 3906: 3904:, p. 372. 3902:Tomlinson 1915 3894: 3892:, p. 348. 3882: 3869:MeasuringWorth 3849: 3837: 3835:, p. 369. 3833:Tomlinson 1915 3825: 3821:Tomlinson 1915 3813: 3809:Tomlinson 1915 3801: 3786: 3784:, p. 663. 3782:Tomlinson 1915 3774: 3761:G W M Sewell, 3754: 3731: 3729:, p. 511. 3727:Tomlinson 1915 3719: 3717:, p. 198. 3707: 3687: 3675: 3673:, p. 473. 3671:Tomlinson 1915 3663: 3661:, p. 321. 3659:Tomlinson 1915 3651: 3639: 3637:, p. 396. 3635:Tomlinson 1915 3627: 3625:, p. 395. 3623:Tomlinson 1915 3615: 3613:, p. 399. 3611:Tomlinson 1915 3603: 3601:, p. 423. 3599:Tomlinson 1915 3591: 3589:, p. 398. 3587:Tomlinson 1915 3579: 3577:, p. 342. 3567: 3555: 3553:, p. 153. 3551:Tomlinson 1915 3543: 3531: 3519: 3504: 3500:Tomlinson 1915 3492: 3472: 3468:Tomlinson 1915 3460: 3447: 3445:, p. 196. 3435: 3431:Tomlinson 1915 3423: 3407: 3387: 3383:Tomlinson 1915 3375: 3352: 3349:978-0715353479 3332: 3328:Tomlinson 1915 3320: 3318:, p. 265. 3316:Tomlinson 1915 3308: 3302:E. F. Carter, 3290: 3286:Tomlinson 1915 3278: 3266: 3257: 3248: 3239: 3235:Tomlinson 1915 3227: 3178: 3165:Bill Fawcett, 3124: 3122: 3119: 3116: 3115: 3105: 3096: 3087: 3078: 3066: 3057: 3048: 3027: 3010: 2997: 2983: 2973: 2960: 2951: 2941: 2930: 2929: 2927: 2924: 2923: 2922: 2915: 2912: 2891: 2888: 2862: 2859: 2847: 2846: 2836: 2835: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2808: 2807: 2804: 2801: 2798: 2795: 2792: 2780: 2779: 2776: 2770: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2752: 2746: 2734: 2733: 2727: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2709: 2703: 2697: 2691: 2688: 2682: 2676: 2670: 2667: 2661: 2655: 2649: 2643: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2625: 2619: 2613: 2607: 2601: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2582: 2579: 2576: 2573: 2567: 2564: 2561: 2547: 2546: 2543: 2542: 2540: 2538: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2526: 2523: 2521: 2514: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2506: 2501: 2499: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2484: 2479: 2477: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2463: 2462: 2457: 2455: 2448: 2446: 2444: 2441: 2440: 2435: 2433: 2426: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2418: 2413: 2411: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2396: 2391: 2389: 2382: 2375: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2367: 2362: 2360: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2346: 2345: 2340: 2339: 2335: 2334: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2316: 2309: 2307: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2296: 2294: 2287: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2279: 2274: 2272: 2265: 2263: 2261: 2258: 2257: 2252: 2250: 2243: 2241: 2239: 2236: 2235: 2230: 2228: 2221: 2219: 2217: 2214: 2213: 2208: 2206: 2199: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2191: 2186: 2184: 2177: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2169: 2164: 2162: 2155: 2153: 2151: 2148: 2147: 2142: 2140: 2133: 2131: 2129: 2126: 2125: 2120: 2118: 2111: 2109: 2107: 2104: 2103: 2098: 2096: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2081: 2076: 2074: 2067: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2059: 2054: 2052: 2045: 2043: 2041: 2038: 2037: 2032: 2030: 2023: 2021: 2019: 2016: 2015: 2010: 2008: 2001: 1999: 1997: 1994: 1993: 1988: 1986: 1979: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1971: 1966: 1964: 1957: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1935: 1933: 1931: 1924: 1917: 1910: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1902: 1897: 1895: 1888: 1881: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1866: 1861: 1859: 1852: 1845: 1838: 1836: 1834: 1831: 1830: 1825: 1823: 1816: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1798: 1797: 1792: 1789: 1788: 1783: 1780: 1779: 1775: 1774: 1772: 1771: 1764: 1757: 1749: 1743: 1740: 1712:Main article: 1709: 1708:The line today 1706: 1646: 1643: 1630: 1627: 1621: 1618: 1569:Main article: 1566: 1563: 1557: 1554: 1503:Main article: 1500: 1497: 1468: 1465: 1464: 1463: 1456: 1449: 1436: 1433: 1427: 1424: 1418: 1415: 1398: 1395: 1354:Main article: 1340: 1337: 1285: 1282: 1262:Main article: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1229:Main article: 1226: 1223: 1192: 1189: 1136: 1135: 1129: 1128: 1127:26 August 1846 1125: 1119: 1118: 1114: 1113: 1107: 1101: 1100: 1097: 1091: 1090: 1085: 1077: 1076: 1072: 1071: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1047:Queen Victoria 1018: 1017: 1008: 1007: 1006: 997: 996: 995: 994: 993: 988:Main article: 985: 982: 965: 962: 925: 922: 908: 905: 888:standard gauge 883: 882: 879: 876: 873: 870: 867: 864: 856: 853: 819: 816: 791: 788: 763: 760: 758: 755: 730: 727: 725: 722: 675:Main article: 672: 669: 663: 660: 621: 620: 614: 613: 610: 604: 603: 599: 598: 592: 586: 585: 582: 576: 575: 570: 562: 561: 557: 556: 546: 523: 522: 519: 513: 512: 508: 507: 501: 495: 494: 486: 485: 481: 480: 470: 459: 456: 433: 432: 426: 425: 422: 416: 415: 411: 410: 404: 398: 397: 394: 388: 387: 382: 374: 373: 369: 368: 358: 356: 353: 339: 336: 334: 331: 313: 312: 306: 305: 302: 296: 295: 291: 290: 284: 278: 277: 272: 264: 263: 259: 258: 248: 219: 216: 168:A painting by 140: 137: 125:Carlisle Canal 103: 100: 98: 95: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5156: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5104: 5101: 5098: 5095: 5094: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5069: 5065: 5061: 5057: 5050: 5045: 5041: 5040: 5034: 5030: 5029: 5023: 5020: 5016: 5015: 4997: 4993: 4992: 4987: 4983: 4979: 4975: 4974: 4969: 4965: 4961: 4960: 4955: 4951: 4947: 4945:0-7110-1429-9 4941: 4938:. Ian Allan. 4937: 4932: 4928: 4922: 4919:. Ian Allan. 4918: 4913: 4909: 4903: 4899: 4894: 4890: 4888:0-7153-8305-1 4884: 4880: 4875: 4871: 4869:0-600-37655-9 4865: 4861: 4856: 4852: 4850:0-7110-1929-0 4846: 4842: 4837: 4833: 4827: 4824:. Ian Allan. 4823: 4818: 4806: 4799: 4795: 4781: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4754: 4752:1-8526-0049-7 4748: 4743: 4742: 4736: 4732: 4728: 4726:0-7110-0495-1 4722: 4718: 4714: 4709: 4708: 4688: 4684: 4669: 4665: 4659: 4644: 4643: 4638: 4634: 4628: 4613: 4612: 4607: 4603: 4597: 4581: 4577: 4571: 4556: 4555: 4550: 4546: 4540: 4525: 4524: 4519: 4515: 4509: 4494: 4493: 4488: 4484: 4478: 4472: 4471:0-901461-13-X 4468: 4464: 4458: 4450: 4444: 4442: 4432: 4425: 4420: 4405: 4404: 4399: 4395: 4389: 4374: 4373: 4368: 4364: 4358: 4351: 4346: 4339: 4334: 4318: 4317:"North Wylam" 4312: 4305: 4300: 4293: 4288: 4282:, p. 46. 4281: 4276: 4269: 4264: 4262: 4254: 4249: 4242: 4237: 4230: 4225: 4218: 4213: 4207:, p. 28. 4206: 4201: 4194: 4193:Robinson 1986 4189: 4182: 4181:Robinson 1986 4177: 4175: 4168:, p. 68. 4167: 4162: 4155: 4150: 4135: 4134: 4129: 4125: 4119: 4112: 4107: 4100: 4095: 4088: 4083: 4076: 4071: 4064: 4059: 4053:, p. 29. 4052: 4047: 4041:, p. 23. 4040: 4035: 4029:, p. 27. 4028: 4023: 4017:, p. 90. 4016: 4011: 4005: 4004:0-7153-4697-0 4001: 3997: 3994:John Thomas, 3991: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3971: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3951: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3931: 3922: 3916:, p. 42. 3915: 3910: 3903: 3898: 3891: 3886: 3871: 3870: 3865: 3859: 3853: 3846: 3841: 3834: 3829: 3822: 3817: 3810: 3805: 3798: 3793: 3791: 3783: 3778: 3772: 3771:0-86303-613-9 3768: 3764: 3758: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3741:Dr Tom Bell, 3738: 3736: 3728: 3723: 3716: 3711: 3705: 3704:1-873513-28-3 3701: 3697: 3691: 3685:, p. 86. 3684: 3679: 3672: 3667: 3660: 3655: 3648: 3643: 3636: 3631: 3624: 3619: 3612: 3607: 3600: 3595: 3588: 3583: 3576: 3571: 3564: 3559: 3552: 3547: 3540: 3535: 3528: 3523: 3517:, p. 38. 3516: 3511: 3509: 3501: 3496: 3490: 3489:0-946537-02-X 3486: 3482: 3476: 3469: 3464: 3457: 3451: 3444: 3439: 3432: 3427: 3420: 3414: 3412: 3404: 3398: 3396: 3394: 3392: 3384: 3379: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3356: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3336: 3329: 3324: 3317: 3312: 3305: 3299: 3297: 3295: 3287: 3282: 3276:, p. 34. 3275: 3270: 3261: 3252: 3243: 3236: 3231: 3225: 3224:0-7153-7855-4 3221: 3217: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3183: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3162: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3154: 3152: 3150: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3125: 3109: 3100: 3091: 3082: 3075: 3070: 3061: 3052: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3031: 3024: 3020: 3019:Whishaw (1842 3014: 3007: 3006:Whishaw (1842 3001: 2993: 2987: 2977: 2970: 2964: 2955: 2945: 2935: 2931: 2921: 2918: 2917: 2911: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2887: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2875: 2874:Corby Viaduct 2871: 2866: 2858: 2856: 2852: 2851: 2843: 2842: 2841: 2840: 2833: 2830: 2827: 2824: 2821: 2818: 2815: 2814: 2813: 2812: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2796: 2793: 2790: 2789: 2788: 2785: 2784: 2783:Alston branch 2777: 2774: 2771: 2768: 2765: 2762: 2759: 2756: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2740: 2739: 2738: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2683: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2622:Haydon Bridge 2620: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2599: 2596: 2593: 2590: 2587: 2583: 2580: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2558: 2557: 2556: 2552: 2541: 2539: 2537: 2535: 2533: 2531: 2529: 2528: 2522: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2500: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2483: 2478: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2456: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2439: 2434: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2416:Brampton Fell 2412: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2390: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2361: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2337: 2336: 2332: 2331: 2324: 2308: 2306: 2303: 2300: 2295: 2286: 2284: 2281: 2278: 2273: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2256: 2251: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2234: 2229: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2207: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2189:Haydon Bridge 2185: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2168: 2163: 2154: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2141: 2132: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2119: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2097: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2075: 2066: 2064: 2061: 2058: 2053: 2044: 2042: 2039: 2036: 2031: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2014: 2009: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1987: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1970: 1965: 1949: 1947: 1944: 1940: 1939: 1932: 1909: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1896: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1865: 1860: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1829: 1824: 1808: 1806: 1803: 1800: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1781: 1770: 1765: 1763: 1758: 1756: 1751: 1750: 1748: 1747: 1739: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1715: 1705: 1703: 1699: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1684: 1674: 1670: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1651: 1642: 1640: 1636: 1626: 1617: 1615: 1611: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1591: 1587: 1577: 1572: 1562: 1553: 1551: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1537: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1516: 1511: 1506: 1496: 1493: 1489: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1461: 1457: 1454: 1450: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1438: 1432: 1423: 1414: 1410: 1408: 1404: 1397:Takeover bids 1394: 1391: 1386: 1383: 1378: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1363:Cheviot Hills 1357: 1352: 1350: 1349:George Hudson 1345: 1336: 1333: 1328: 1311: 1306: 1281: 1279: 1270: 1265: 1250: 1246: 1243: 1239: 1232: 1222: 1219: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1188: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1163: 1160: 1156: 1142: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1124: 1120: 1115: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1078: 1073: 1066: 1055: 1051: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1035: 1032: 1028: 1012: 1001: 991: 981: 978: 975: 970: 961: 957: 954: 948: 930: 921: 917: 915: 904: 900: 897: 891: 889: 880: 877: 874: 871: 868: 865: 862: 861: 860: 852: 850: 844: 840: 837: 833: 828: 824: 815: 811: 809: 805: 801: 797: 787: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 754: 750: 747: 743: 738: 735: 721: 719: 716: 712: 708: 704: 700: 696: 687: 683: 678: 668: 659: 656: 652: 651:Monkwearmouth 648: 647:South Shields 644: 643:River Derwent 639: 637: 633: 619: 615: 611: 609: 605: 600: 596: 593: 591: 587: 583: 581: 577: 573: 563: 558: 551: 545: 543: 539: 531: 520: 518: 514: 509: 505: 502: 500: 496: 487: 482: 475: 469: 466: 455: 453: 449: 445: 431: 427: 423: 421: 417: 412: 408: 405: 403: 399: 395: 393: 389: 385: 375: 370: 363: 352: 350: 344: 330: 328: 324: 311: 307: 303: 301: 297: 292: 288: 285: 283: 279: 275: 265: 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