464:, the Congress acted to reduce the size and increase the tactical efficiency of the Continental Army. On May 27, 1778, it resolved that the number of infantry regiments be reduced from 88 to 80: 3 from New Hampshire, 15 from Massachusetts, 2 from Rhode Island, 8 from Connecticut, 5 from New York, 3 from New Jersey, 11 from Pennsylvania, 1 from Delaware, 8 from Maryland, 11 from Virginia, 6 from North Carolina, 6 from South Carolina, and 1 from Georgia. The official establishment of a regiment was reduced to 582 officers and men. Each regiment was to consist of nine rather than eight companies. The ninth company was to be a company of
29:
484:'s Canadian Regiment). The official establishment of an infantry regiment was increased to 717 officers and men. Each regiment continued to have nine companies, including a light infantry company, but the companies were made larger. For the first time, each regiment was to have a permanent recruiting party of 1 lieutenant, 1 drummer, and 1 fifer. Thus, there were to be two recruiting parties in New Hampshire to systematically find and forward recruits to the New Hampshire regiments in the field.
403:
15 from
Massachusetts, 2 from Rhode Island, 8 from Connecticut, 4 from New York, 4 from New Jersey, 12 from Pennsylvania, 1 from Delaware, 8 from Maryland, 15 from Virginia, 9 from North Carolina, 6 from South Carolina, and 1 from Georgia. The quotas for states outside New England included regiments that had been on the Continental establishment earlier, but the term Continental Line was now broadened to include the lines of all the states.
293:
members. It completed its task on August 20, 1775, and reported its decision to
Washington. The regiments of infantry in the Continental Army were accordingly numbered without reference to their colony of origin. There were thirty-nine "Regiments of Foot in the Army of the United Colonies." In General Orders, Washington often referred to his regiments by these numbers; and they appear in the strength reports compiled by Adjutant General
234:. These, along with similar contingents from the other twelve states, formed the Continental Line. For the promotion of senior officials, this concept is particularly important. Officers of the Continental Army below the rank of brigadier general were ordinarily ineligible for promotion except in the line of their own state.
495:
The prolonged period of peace negotiations following the surrender of Lord
Cornwallis at Yorktown, on October 19, 1781, presented the Continental Congress with the dilemma of keeping up a military force until the definitive peace treaty was signed, even though the national finances were exhausted. It
479:
In
October 1780, the Continental Congress passed resolutions providing for what would be the last reorganization of the Continental Army before its final disbandment. The Congress determined that on January 1, 1781, the Continental Line should be reduced from 80 regiments to 50: 2 from New Hampshire,
402:
During 1776, the
Continental Congress gradually overcame its ideological objections to a standing army, and, on September 16, 1776, it resolved that, on January 1, 1777, the Continental Line should consist of 88 infantry regiments, to be maintained for the duration of the war: 3 from New Hampshire,
276:
In response, on May 22, 1775, the New
Hampshire Provincial Congress voted to raise a volunteer force of 2,000 men to join the patriot army at Boston. These "provincials" were organized into three regiments, each regiment having an official establishment of 648 officers and men in ten companies. The
487:
Under this reorganization, the New
Hampshire line was reduced from three regiments to two by disbanding the 3d New Hampshire Regiment. Alexander Scammell completed his tour as Adjutant General of the Continental Army and became the commander of the 1st New Hampshire Regiment. The 2nd New Hampshire
394:
The low number given to Reed's regiment was meant to resolve a dispute with
Colonel Poor from the preceding year over Reed's seniority in the New Hampshire line. Colonel Reed was made a Continental brigadier general on August 9, 1776, and, for the remainder of the year, the 2d Continental Regiment
292:
In an effort to weld the separate New
England armies into a single "Continental" Army, on August 5, 1775, General Washington ordered that a board be convened to determine the rank of the regiments at Boston. The board was to consist of a brigadier general as moderator and six field officers as
354:
On
November 4, 1775, the Continental Congress resolved that on January 1, 1776, the Continental Army, exclusive of artillery and extras, should consist of 27 infantry regiments: 1 from Pennsylvania, 3 from New Hampshire, 16 from Massachusetts, 2 from Rhode Island, and 5 from Connecticut. Each
480:
10 from Massachusetts, 1 from Rhode Island, 5 from Connecticut, 2 from New York, 2 from New Jersey, 6 from Pennsylvania, 1 from Delaware, 5 from Maryland, 8 from Virginia, 4 from North Carolina, 2 from South Carolina, 1 from Georgia, and 1 regiment raised at large (Colonel
468:, and was to be kept up to strength by drafting men from the regiment's eight other companies if necessary. During the campaigning season, the light infantry companies of the regiments in a field army were to be combined into a special corps of light infantry.
448:(1777), under Colonel Alexander Scammell. Scammell served as Adjutant General of the Continental Army from January 5, 1778, to January 1, 1781. On the latter date, he assumed command of the 1st New Hampshire Regiment. He was mortally wounded and captured at
284:
urged that the Congress assume responsibility for the provincial troops of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut, that were blockading Boston. This was done on June 14, 1775, and these troops were designated the Continental Army.
530:
On October 18, 1783, the Continental Congress proclaimed that Continental troops on furlough were to be discharged on November 3, 1783. The Main Army, with the exception of a small observation force in the Hudson Highlands under the command of
520:
The Continental Congress received the text of the preliminary peace treaty on March 13, 1783, and the Continental Congress announced the cessation of hostilities on April 11, 1783. It ratified the preliminary peace treaty on April 15, 1783.
545:
On January 1, 1784, the Continental Line was reduced to a single regiment, under the command of Colonel Henry Jackson. The New Hampshire Battalion was disbanded at New Windsor, New York, and the New Hampshire Line ceased to exist.
241:
temporary control over certain military decisions that the Congress ordinarily regarded as its own prerogative. These "dictatorial powers" included the authority to raise sixteen additional Continental infantry regiments at large.
499:
The preliminary peace treaty was signed on November 30, 1782. Great Britain signed preliminary articles of peace with France and Spain on January 20, 1783, and on February 4, 1783, Britain announced the cessation of hostilities.
355:
regiment was to have an official establishment of 728 officers and men in eight companies. The regiments were to receive numbers instead of names, and the troops were to be enlisted to serve until December 31, 1776.
508:
On March 1, 1783, the New Hampshire line was reduced to one full regiment of nine companies and a battalion of four companies. The 1st New Hampshire Regiment was retained as a full regiment and redesignated the
272:
On April 23, 1775, the Massachusetts Provincial Congress voted to raise a volunteer force of 13,600 men, and it called upon the other New England colonies for assistance in raising an army of 30,000 men.
1082:
89:
429:(1777), under Colonel Enoch Poor. Poor was made a Continental brigadier general on February 21, 1777. Command of the 2d New Hampshire Regiment passed to its next senior officer, Lieutenant Colonel
391:. It initially served in the siege of Boston, then moved to New York City with the Main Army, served in the Northern Theater, and rejoined the Main Army for the Battles of Trenton and Princeton.
380:. It initially served in the siege of Boston, then moved to New York City with the Main Army, served in the Northern Theater, and rejoined the Main Army for the Battles of Trenton and Princeton.
369:. It initially served in the siege of Boston, then moved to New York City with the Main Army, served in the Northern Theater, and rejoined the Main Army for the Battles of Trenton and Princeton.
418:(1777), under Colonel John Stark. Stark resigned from the Continental Army on March 23, 1777. Command of the 1st New Hampshire Regiment passed to its next senior officer, Lieutenant Colonel
949:
538:
New York City was evacuated by British troops on November 25, 1783. The British fleet left New York City on December 4, 1783, and on the same day Washington bid farewell to his officers at
116:
122:
524:
The New Hampshire Battalion was merged into the New Hampshire Regiment on June 22, 1783, and the consolidated unit, of five companies, was redesignated the New Hampshire Battalion.
924:
358:
The three New Hampshire regiments raised in 1775 were used as cadres for the new Continental regiments from New Hampshire, and the same colonels remained in command.
1126:
146:
471:
Because the Continental Congress passed this resolve at the beginning of the campaigning season, it was nearly a year before this reorganization was completed.
162:
183:
686:
695:
256:
Still other Continental infantry regiments and smaller units, also unrelated to a state quota, were raised as needed for special or temporary service.
535:, was disbanded on November 3, 1783. The Northern Army was disbanded on November 5, 1783, and the Southern Army was disbanded on November 15, 1783.
237:
Not all Continental infantry regiments raised in a state were part of a state quota, however. On December 27, 1776, the Continental Congress gave
908:
422:, who was promoted to colonel on April 2, 1777. Stark returned to the Continental Army on October 4, 1777, with the rank of brigadier general.
209:
82:
749:
1105:
58:
496:
accomplished this by reducing and consolidating the state Lines whenever possible, and by placing units on furlough, subject to recall.
331:. In August 1775, Poor's Regiment was designated "The 11th Regiment of Foot." It served from the siege of Boston until its disbandment.
776:
230:. The term "New Hampshire Line" referred to the quota of numbered infantry regiments assigned to New Hampshire at various times by the
178:
346:. In August 1775, Reed's Regiment was designated "The 3d Regiment of Foot." It served from the siege of Boston until its disbandment.
669:
903:
898:
78:
74:
799:
64:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
202:
690:
Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army During the War of the Revolution, April 1775 to December 1783
1003:
983:
978:
973:
968:
807:
769:
70:
460:
While the Main Army, that portion of Washington's army under his immediate command, was in winter quarters at
419:
195:
681:
289:
was selected as commander in chief of this force, and all other Continental Army troops, the following day.
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445:
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415:
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As in January 1776, the three old New Hampshire regiments were used as cadres for three new regiments.
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343:
335:
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301:
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20:
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309:
128:
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The United States and Great Britain exchanged ratifications of the Treaty of Paris on May 12, 1784.
1055:
449:
514:
312:. In August 1775, Stark's Regiment was designated "The 7th Regiment of Foot." It served from the
731:
State Builders: An Illustrated Historical and Biographical Record of the State of New Hampshire
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8:
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257:
104:
988:
842:
705:
261:
246:
745:
872:
867:
720:. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, U.S. Army, 1983. Available, in part,
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on July 7, 1777, and died in captivity on September 23, 1780. (He was not related to
286:
238:
822:
786:
513:. The 2d New Hampshire Regiment was reduced to four companies and redesignated the
227:
97:
51:
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of New Hampshire. Scammel declined in order to become colonel of the newly raised
245:
Early in 1777, Washington offered command of one of these additional regiments to
852:
729:
539:
433:, who was promoted to colonel on April 2, 1777. Colonel Hale was captured at the
396:
313:
264:, both raised in New Hampshire in 1776, were examples of such "extra" regiments.
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465:
28:
1120:
882:
857:
837:
827:
700:
The Sinews of Independence: Monthly Strength Reports of the Continental Army.
294:
692:. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1967 (Originally published, 1914).
1100:
1083:
Regulations for the Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United States
1045:
832:
461:
784:
674:
658:
New York: Promontory Press (Reprint Edition. Originally Published, 1877).
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438:
666:
The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Sources.
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377:
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324:
305:
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The final treaty of peace was signed in Paris on September 3, 1783.
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925:
Extra Continental regiments and Additional Continental regiments
452:, September 30, 1781, and died in captivity on October 6, 1781.
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was commanded by its next senior officer, Lieutenant Colonel
503:
267:
727:
349:
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troops were enlisted to serve until December 31, 1775.
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Bibliography of the Continental Army in New Hampshire
456:
Reorganization of the New Hampshire Line, 1778–1779
441:of Connecticut, who was hanged as a spy in 1776).
588:: III:448, 465, 472, 489, 496; IV:20, 30, 39, 64.
1118:
1127:New Hampshire regiments of the Continental Army
702:Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1976.
683:from the Northern Illinois University website.
475:Reorganization of the New Hampshire Line, 1781
361:The old 1st New Hampshire Regiment became the
770:
750:United States Army Center of Military History
488:Regiment was commanded by Lieutenant Colonel
383:The old 3d New Hampshire Regiment became the
372:The old 2d New Hampshire Regiment became the
203:
1106:George Washington in the American Revolution
425:The 8th Continental Regiment became the new
414:The 5th Continental Regiment became the new
734:. State Builders Publishing Manchester, NH.
444:The 2d Continental Regiment became the new
406:
777:
763:
210:
196:
950:Militia units that participated alongside
711:. Harrisburg, Pa.: Stackpole Books, 1968.
671:from the University of Virginia website.
504:Demobilization of the New Hampshire Line
268:New Hampshire Provincial regiments, 1775
1119:
549:The Continental Congress ratified the
758:
728:Willey, George Franklyn, ed. (1903).
350:Numbered Continental regiments, 1776
709:The Book of the Continental Soldier
656:Battles of the American Revolution.
13:
27:
14:
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280:The New England delegates to the
16:Formation in the Continental Army
338:(1775) was commanded by Colonel
323:(1775) was commanded by Colonel
304:(1775) was commanded by Colonel
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1066:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783
724:from the U.S. Army website.
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791:American Revolutionary War
446:3rd New Hampshire Regiment
427:2nd New Hampshire Regiment
416:1st New Hampshire Regiment
302:1st New Hampshire Regiment
21:American Revolutionary War
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336:3d New Hampshire Regiment
321:2d New Hampshire Regiment
251:3d New Hampshire Regiment
1056:Pennsylvania Line Mutiny
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407:New Hampshire Line, 1777
385:2nd Continental Regiment
374:8th Continental Regiment
363:5th Continental Regiment
515:New Hampshire Battalion
316:until its disbandment.
226:was a formation in the
511:New Hampshire Regiment
32:
553:on January 14, 1784.
147:List of British units
117:List of militia units
31:
1000:Artillery Regiments
718:The Continental Army
680:Available, in part,
662:Fitzpatrick, John C.
653:Carrington, Henry B.
435:Battle of Hubbardton
282:Continental Congress
232:Continental Congress
163:List of French units
123:List of state navies
65:Regional departments
1051:Newburgh Conspiracy
706:Peterson, Harold L.
687:Heitman, Francis B.
601:, S4, V3; 253, 853.
573:Continental Soldier
184:Military leadership
105:Continental Marines
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696:Lesser, Charles H.
678:American Archives.
224:New Hampshire Line
59:Commander-in-Chief
33:
19:
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943:Ottendorf's Corps
715:Wright, Robert K.
599:American Archives
287:George Washington
247:Alexander Scammel
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365:, under Colonel
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179:List of battles
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933:1st Canadian
929:Other units
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868:Pennsylvania
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490:George Reid
482:Moses Hazen
439:Nathan Hale
431:Nathan Hale
344:Fitzwilliam
853:New Jersey
668:Available
647:References
571:Peterson,
389:James Reed
378:Enoch Poor
367:John Stark
340:James Reed
325:Enoch Poor
310:Derryfield
306:John Stark
239:Washington
994:Pulaski's
909:1777–1784
627:; 46, 47.
83:1777–1784
1121:Category
989:Armand's
883:Virginia
858:New York
838:Maryland
828:Delaware
816:By state
698:Editor.
664:Editor.
636:Wright,
623:Wright,
610:Wright,
586:Writings
450:Yorktown
1094:Related
892:By year
833:Georgia
789:of the
597:Force,
1086:(1779)
1075:Manual
1039:Events
1004:Knox's
722:online
575:, 256.
329:Exeter
155:France
90:Manual
959:Other
918:Extra
808:Units
640:, 46.
614:, 47.
560:Notes
342:, of
327:, of
308:, of
71:Units
904:1776
899:1775
785:The
334:The
319:The
300:The
260:and
222:The
79:1776
75:1775
1024:4th
1019:3rd
1014:2nd
1009:1st
984:4th
979:3rd
974:2nd
969:1st
81:,
1123::
542:.
517:.
492:.
399:.
297:.
253:.
127:→
121:→
115:→
88:→
77:,
69:→
63:→
57:→
778:e
771:t
764:v
211:e
204:t
197:v
85:)
73:(
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