559:
667:
InChI=1S/C78H121N21O20/c1-7-43(6)63(73(115)96-57(76(118)119)37-42(4)5)97-70(112)55(39-45-21-25-47(101)26-22-45)95-72(114)59-18-13-35-99(59)75(117)52(16-11-33-86-78(83)84)90-64(106)48(15-10-32-85-77(81)82)89-71(113)58-17-12-34-98(58)74(116)51(14-8-9-31-79)91-69(111)56(40-60(80)102)94-66(108)50(28-30-62(104)105)88-68(110)54(38-44-19-23-46(100)24-20-44)93-67(109)53(36-41(2)3)92-65(107)49-27-29-61(103)87-49/h19-26,41-43,48-59,63,100-101H,7-18,27-40,79H2,1-6H3,(H2,80,102)(H,87,103)(H,88,110)(H,89,113)(H,90,106)(H,91,111)(H,92,107)(H,93,109)(H,94,108)(H,95,114)(H,96,115)(H,97,112)(H,104,105)(H,118,119)(H4,81,82,85)(H4,83,84,86)/t43-,48-,49-,50-,51-,52-,53-,54-,55-,56-,57-,58-,59-,63-/m0/s1
677:
InChI=1/C78H121N21O20/c1-7-43(6)63(73(115)96-57(76(118)119)37-42(4)5)97-70(112)55(39-45-21-25-47(101)26-22-45)95-72(114)59-18-13-35-99(59)75(117)52(16-11-33-86-78(83)84)90-64(106)48(15-10-32-85-77(81)82)89-71(113)58-17-12-34-98(58)74(116)51(14-8-9-31-79)91-69(111)56(40-60(80)102)94-66(108)50(28-30-62(104)105)88-68(110)54(38-44-19-23-46(100)24-20-44)93-67(109)53(36-41(2)3)92-65(107)49-27-29-61(103)87-49/h19-26,41-43,48-59,63,100-101H,7-18,27-40,79H2,1-6H3,(H2,80,102)(H,87,103)(H,88,110)(H,89,113)(H,90,106)(H,91,111)(H,92,107)(H,93,109)(H,94,108)(H,95,114)(H,96,115)(H,97,112)(H,104,105)(H,118,119)(H4,81,82,85)(H4,83,84,86)/t43-,48-,49-,50-,51-,52-,53-,54-,55-,56-,57-,58-,59-,63-/m0/s1
966:, a model that has been widely used to investigate antipsychotic drug action in animals. Antipsychotic drug administration augments PPI under certain conditions. Comparisons between normal and neurotensin-deficient mice revealed striking differences in the ability of different antipsychotic drugs to augment PPI. While the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine augmented PPI normally in neurotensin-deficient mice, the conventional antipsychotic
512:
1054:(PVN) was lowered, neurotensin, but not neurotensin mRNA, was shown to be higher in the PVN. Neurotensin mRNA as well as the peptide itself were also expressed higher in the medial preoptic area (mPOA). These expression patterns were not shown in the virgin female control group, and align with other research implicating neurotensin gene expression variation in the regulation of maternal behaviors.
761:
974:
were ineffective in these mice, in contrast to normal mice where these drugs significantly augmented PPI. These results suggest that certain antipsychotic drugs require neurotensin for at least some of their effects. Neurotensin-deficient mice also display defects in striatal activation following
1069:
gene expression across different stages of song development. The early stage of transition between sensory and sensorimotor periods was marked by decreases in both neurotensin and neurotensin receptor mRNA expression, which may indicate a role of neurotensin in initiating sensorimotor learning.
1070:
During the sensorimotor subsong stage, neurotensin gene expression and neurotensin receptor 1 (Ntsr1) gene expression exhibited complementary expression patterns in song-related brain regions, which may indicate changes in neuronal responses to neurotensin across development.
1057:
Other patterns of neurotensin expression related to the medial preoptic area show relation to the modulation of social reward. Analysis of neurotensin gene-labelled neurons revealed that neurotensin-containing neuronal projections from the mPOA to the
958:. Neurotensin-deficient mice display defects in responses to several antipsychotic drugs consistent with the idea that neurotensin signaling is a key component underlying at least some antipsychotic drug actions. These mice exhibit modest defects in
1034:
holoenzyme. These findings may indicate mechanisms of cross-talk signaling in brain hormone activity and expression of hormone-related genes. Other sex hormone-related changes in neurotensin expression have been associated with activity in the
910:
The sequence of bovine neurotensin was determined to be pyroGlu-Leu-Tyr-Glu-Asn-Lys-Pro-Arg-Arg-Pro-Tyr-Ile-Leu-OH. Neurotensin is synthesized as part of a 169 or 170 amino acid precursor protein that also contains the related neuropeptide
698:
CC(C)(/C(=N/(CC(C)C)C(=O)O)/O)/N=C(/(Cc1ccc(cc1)O)/N=C(/2CCCN2C(=O)(CCCNC(=N)N)/N=C(/(CCCNC(=N)N)/N=C(/3CCCN3C(=O)(CCCCN)/N=C(/(CC(=N)O)/N=C(/(CCC(=O)O)/N=C(/(Cc4ccc(cc4)O)/N=C(\(CC(C)C)/N=C(\5CCC(=N5)O)/O)/O)\O)\O)\O)\O)\O)\O)\O
1155:
Friry C, Feliciangeli S, Richard F, Kitabgi P, Rovere C (February 2002). "Production of recombinant large proneurotensin/neuromedin N-derived peptides and characterization of their binding and biological activity".
1902:
Rodríguez, Yurena; Almeida, Teresa A.; Valladares, Francisco; Báez, Delia; Montes de Oca, Francisco; García, Candelaria; Dorta, Idaira; Hernández, Mariano; Reyes, Ricardo; Bello, Aixa R. (2010-10-01).
1077:
has been shown to be a major regulator in the expression of neurotensin receptor 1 and 2 genes in colorectal cancer cells. Additionally, knock-down of the NTSR1 gene as well as treatment with a NTSR1
1731:
McHenry, Jenna A.; Otis, James M.; Rossi, Mark A.; Robinson, J. Elliott; Kosyk, Oksana; Miller, Noah W.; McElligott, Zoe A.; Budygin, Evgeny A.; Rubinow, David R.; Stuber, Garret D. (March 2017).
903:
at their C terminus. These large peptides appear to be less potent than their smaller counterparts, but are also less sensitive to degradation and may represent endogenous, long-lasting
979:
administration in comparison to normal wild type mice, indicating that striatal neurotensin is required for the full spectrum of neuronal responses to a subset of antipsychotic drugs.
1073:
Neurotensin also plays a role in peripheral tissues outside of the nervous system, mainly in the gastrointestinal tract, and has been implicated in cancer development. DNA promoter
1617:"Neurotensin Gene Expression Increases during Proestrus in the Rostral Medial Preoptic Nucleus: Potential for Direct Communication with Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons*"
472:
1062:(VTA) in mice were associated with the encoding of odor cues as well as social attraction, further implicating neurotensin in hormonal as well as reward signaling.
1065:
Neurotensin has also been implicated in learning processes. A study examining song development in male zebra finches showed variations in neurotensin and
774:
2423:
2418:
2408:
1501:
1428:
1788:
Merullo, Devin P.; Asogwa, Chinweike N.; Sanchez-Valpuesta, Miguel; Hayase, Shin; Pattnaik, Bikash R.; Wada, Kazuhiro; Riters, Lauren V. (2018).
2453:
1515:
Katz LM, Young A, Frank JE, Wang Y, Park K (March 2004). "Neurotensin-induced hypothermia improves neurologic outcome after hypoxic-ischemia".
428:
416:
1039:. In female rats, neurotensin expression was shown to be at its highest in the medial preoptic area (mPOA) during the proestrus phase of the
2373:
690:
1560:"Transcriptional Effects of Estrogen on Neuronal Neurotensin Gene Expression Involve cAMP/Protein Kinase A-Dependent Signaling Mechanisms"
1383:"Neurotensin-deficient mice have deficits in prepulse inhibition: restoration by clozapine but no haloperidol, olanzapine, or quetiapine"
1046:
Altered expression of neurotensin genes as well as neurotensin receptor genes have been exhibited in postpartum female mice. While
1999:
1966:
1790:"Neurotensin and neurotensin receptor 1 mRNA expression in song-control regions changes during development in male zebra finches"
1051:
845:. It induces a variety of effects, including analgesia, hypothermia and increased locomotor activity. It is also involved in
1666:"Endogenous CNS Expression of Neurotensin and Neurotensin Receptors Is Altered during the Postpartum Period in Outbred Mice"
1293:"The rat gene encoding neurotensin and neuromedin N. Structure, tissue-specific expression, and evolution of exon sequences"
492:
769:
658:
1334:"Curcumin inhibits neurotensin-mediated interleukin-8 production and migration of HCT116 human colon cancer cells"
781:
2363:
1847:"Diverse expression patterns and tumorigenic role of neurotensin signaling components in colorectal cancer cells"
1085:
or fibroid tumors in uterine tissue have also been associated with higher expression of neurotensin and NTSR1.
1015:
1380:
480:
2378:
1664:
Driessen, Terri M.; Zhao, Changjiu; Whittlinger, Anna; Williams, Horecia; Gammie, Stephen C. (2014-01-08).
1018:(cAMP) signaling. Specifically, estrogen increased cAMP activity and cAMP response element-binding protein
635:
1992:
476:
2398:
1958:
1023:
2493:
2448:
1985:
1904:"Neurotensin and Neurotensin Receptor 1 Expression in Human Myometrium and Uterine Leiomyomas1"
1382:
1059:
1047:
880:(which is derived from the same precursor). This C-terminal region is responsible for the full
599:
1495:
1441:
1422:
920:
833:
Neurotensin is distributed throughout the central nervous system, with highest levels in the
2488:
2393:
1677:
1455:
1245:
1094:
1066:
904:
893:
850:
644:
535:
459:
8:
2250:
1234:"Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for the canine neurotensin/neuromedin N precursor"
1078:
959:
881:
812:
804:
525:
1681:
1459:
1249:
2082:
2057:
1954:
1879:
1846:
1822:
1789:
1765:
1732:
1708:
1665:
1592:
1575:
1559:
1540:
1528:
1410:
1381:
Kinkead, B, Dobner PR, Egnatashvili, V, Murray, T, Deitemeyer, N, Nemeroff, CB (2005).
1358:
1333:
951:
900:
579:
421:
56:
1309:
1292:
1268:
1233:
1209:
1192:
1132:
1115:
53:
2087:
2026:
1933:
1925:
1884:
1866:
1827:
1809:
1770:
1752:
1713:
1695:
1646:
1638:
1597:
1579:
1532:
1483:
1478:
1443:
1402:
1363:
1314:
1273:
1214:
1173:
1137:
995:
940:
916:
889:
842:
624:
467:
34:
1544:
1414:
397:
1915:
1874:
1858:
1817:
1801:
1760:
1744:
1703:
1685:
1628:
1587:
1571:
1524:
1473:
1463:
1394:
1353:
1345:
1304:
1263:
1253:
1204:
1165:
1127:
1031:
983:
713:
455:
1920:
1903:
1349:
1116:"The isolation of a new hypotensive peptide, neurotensin, from bovine hypothalami"
950:
signaling, and produces a spectrum of pharmacological effects resembling those of
433:
2413:
2138:
2128:
1690:
1019:
991:
827:
409:
2433:
2428:
2161:
2156:
2133:
2035:
1027:
963:
752:
2482:
2110:
2105:
2072:
1929:
1870:
1813:
1756:
1699:
1642:
1583:
1040:
1036:
1011:
858:
1633:
1616:
1398:
1258:
2438:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2266:
2261:
2012:
1937:
1888:
1831:
1774:
1717:
1650:
1536:
1487:
1468:
1406:
1367:
1177:
1169:
912:
877:
834:
823:
819:
800:
1977:
1862:
1601:
1444:"Neurotensin-deficient mice show altered responses to antipsychotic drugs"
1318:
1277:
1218:
1141:
2353:
2281:
2256:
2192:
2177:
2097:
2067:
2052:
1074:
987:
967:
955:
2245:
2209:
2199:
2182:
2148:
2120:
2077:
1805:
1733:"Hormonal gain control of a medial preoptic area social reward circuit"
971:
924:
885:
873:
870:
846:
797:
740:
590:
2458:
1442:
Dobner, PR, Fadel, J, Deitemeyer, N, Carraway, RE, Deutch, AY (2001).
357:
2383:
2368:
2214:
2204:
2187:
2044:
1082:
976:
854:
808:
72:
60:
49:
1787:
1748:
751:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
194:
190:
2358:
2337:
2332:
2276:
1231:
1007:
947:
896:
838:
404:
346:
1022:
in neuroblastoma cells prior to the induction of neurotensin gene
954:, leading to the suggestion that neurotensin may be an endogenous
558:
2403:
2388:
2008:
936:
611:
176:
135:
1193:"The amino acid sequence of a hypothalamic peptide, neurotensin"
849:
of dopamine pathways. In the periphery, neurotensin is found in
40:
pro-neurotensin/neuromedinneurotensin/neuromedin NNTNTS(151-163)
2324:
1663:
1154:
888:
portion having a modulatory role. The neurotensin/neuromedin N
816:
487:
324:
94:
1901:
1081:
inhibited colorectal cancer cell proliferation and migration.
1026:. Additionally, neurotensin gene transcription was blocked in
1006:
Neurotensin gene expression has been shown to be modulated by
511:
2237:
1290:
915:. The peptide coding domains are located in tandem near the
570:
548:
1232:
Dobner PR, Barber DL, Villa-Komaroff L, McKiernan C (1987).
869:
Neurotensin shares significant sequence similarity in its 6
1845:
Kim, Ji Tae; Weiss, Heidi L.; Evers, B. Mark (2017-06-01).
1014:
cell cultures as well as in mice through interactions with
449:
392:
2463:
1967:"A Good Memory or a Bad One? One Brain Molecule Decides"
1730:
982:
Neurotensin is an endogenous neuropeptide involved in
1291:
Kislauskis E, Bullock B, McNeil S, Dobner PR (1988).
946:
Neurotensin has been implicated in the modulation of
1332:
Wang X, Wang Q, Ives KL, Evers BM (September 2006).
815:. Neurotensin was first isolated from extracts of
1615:Smith, Matthew J.; Wise, Phyllis M. (2001-07-01).
1558:Watters, Jyoti J.; Dorsa, Daniel M. (1998-09-01).
1514:
1331:
811:release and has significant interaction with the
2480:
623:
892:can also be processed to produce large 125–138
534:
2454:Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide
1190:
1113:
923:and are bounded and separated by paired basic
907:in a number of pathophysiological situations.
2374:Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript
1993:
1844:
1557:
1500:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1427:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
876:with several other neuropeptides, including
864:
2007:
1508:
1325:
1148:
1052:paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus
2000:
1986:
1964:
1284:
1225:
1184:
1107:
853:of the small intestine, where it leads to
598:
1957:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
1919:
1878:
1821:
1764:
1707:
1689:
1632:
1614:
1591:
1477:
1467:
1357:
1308:
1267:
1257:
1208:
1131:
643:
930:
822:based on its ability to cause a visible
803:that is implicated in the regulation of
2481:
1981:
970:and the newer atypical antipsychotic
899:with the neurotensin or neuromedin N
670:Key: PCJGZPGTCUMMOT-ISULXFBGSA-N
578:
927:(lysine-arginine) processing sites.
614:
13:
1965:Saplakoglu, Yasemin (2022-09-07).
1576:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-17-06672.1998
1529:10.1097/01.CCM.0000114998.00860.FD
1001:
374:Neurotensin/neuromedin N precursor
14:
2505:
1948:
1851:International Journal of Oncology
1030:lacking the RIIβ subunit of the
759:
510:
2364:Calcitonin gene-related peptide
1895:
1838:
1781:
1724:
1657:
1608:
1551:
755:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
1435:
1374:
1191:Carraway R, Leeman SE (1975).
1114:Carraway R, Leeman SE (1973).
830:regions of anesthetized rats.
1:
1921:10.1095/biolreprod.110.084962
1350:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0968
1310:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)68881-7
1210:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)41780-8
1158:Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun
1133:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)43429-7
1100:
444:Available protein structures:
2379:Delta-sleep-inducing peptide
1691:10.1371/journal.pone.0083098
1238:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
7:
1088:
10:
2510:
1794:Developmental Neurobiology
1448:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
994:in experimental models of
2399:Gastrin-releasing peptide
2346:
2323:
2292:
2236:
2227:
2170:
2147:
2119:
2096:
2043:
2034:
2019:
865:Sequence and biosynthesis
749:
706:
686:
654:
518:
509:
486:
466:
448:
443:
439:
427:
415:
403:
391:
383:
378:
373:
361:
356:
352:
345:
323:
308:
295:
291:
276:
272:
265:
252:
248:
233:
229:
222:
211:
207:
188:
184:
175:
164:
160:
147:
143:
134:
123:
119:
106:
102:
93:
78:
71:
67:
47:
44:
39:
32:
27:
23:
18:
1959:Medical Subject Headings
935:Neurotensin is a potent
1908:Biology of Reproduction
1634:10.1210/endo.142.7.8256
1564:Journal of Neuroscience
1399:10.1124/jpet.105.087437
1387:J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther
1259:10.1073/pnas.84.10.3516
2449:Pancreatic polypeptide
1469:10.1073/pnas.141042198
1170:10.1006/bbrc.2001.6308
1060:ventral tegmental area
1048:neurotensin receptor 1
1010:in both human SK-N-SH
1863:10.3892/ijo.2017.3990
975:haloperidol, but not
931:Clinical significance
851:enteroendocrine cells
745:1672.92
2394:Galanin-like peptide
1095:Neurotensin receptor
1067:neurotensin receptor
1050:(Ntsr1) mRNA in the
1737:Nature Neuroscience
1682:2014PLoSO...983098D
1460:2001PNAS...98.8048D
1250:1987PNAS...84.3516D
960:prepulse inhibition
952:antipsychotic drugs
882:biological activity
813:dopaminergic system
805:luteinizing hormone
506:
1806:10.1002/dneu.22589
782:Infobox references
504:
2476:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2223:
2222:
1570:(17): 6672–6680.
1454:(14): 8048–8053.
996:cerebral ischemia
941:colorectal cancer
917:carboxyl terminal
843:nucleus accumbens
790:Chemical compound
788:
787:
560:Interactive image
502:
501:
498:
497:
493:structure summary
369:
368:
365:
364:
341:
340:
304:
303:
285:
284:
261:
260:
242:
241:
218:
217:
201:
200:
171:
170:
154:
153:
130:
129:
113:
112:
2501:
2234:
2233:
2041:
2040:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1942:
1941:
1923:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1882:
1857:(6): 2200–2206.
1842:
1836:
1835:
1825:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1768:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1711:
1693:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1636:
1627:(7): 3006–3013.
1612:
1606:
1605:
1595:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1499:
1491:
1481:
1471:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1426:
1418:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1361:
1338:Clin. Cancer Res
1329:
1323:
1322:
1312:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1271:
1261:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1212:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1135:
1111:
1032:protein kinase A
986:that can induce
984:thermoregulation
772:
766:
763:
762:
714:Chemical formula
647:
627:
616:
602:
582:
562:
538:
514:
507:
503:
441:
440:
371:
370:
354:
353:
337:
332:
319:
314:
299:
289:
288:
280:
270:
269:
266:RefSeq (protein)
256:
246:
245:
237:
227:
226:
205:
204:
182:
181:
158:
157:
141:
140:
117:
116:
100:
99:
69:
68:
63:
37:
16:
15:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2498:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2468:
2424:Neuropeptide VF
2419:Neuropeptide SF
2414:Neuropeptide FF
2409:Neuropeptide AF
2342:
2319:
2288:
2229:
2219:
2166:
2143:
2115:
2092:
2061:
2036:Opioid peptides
2030:
2015:
2006:
1971:Quanta Magazine
1951:
1946:
1945:
1900:
1896:
1843:
1839:
1786:
1782:
1749:10.1038/nn.4487
1729:
1725:
1662:
1658:
1613:
1609:
1556:
1552:
1513:
1509:
1493:
1492:
1440:
1436:
1420:
1419:
1379:
1375:
1344:(18): 5346–55.
1330:
1326:
1289:
1285:
1244:(10): 3516–20.
1230:
1226:
1189:
1185:
1153:
1149:
1126:(19): 6854–61.
1112:
1108:
1103:
1091:
1020:phosphorylation
1004:
1002:Gene expression
992:neuroprotection
933:
867:
826:in the exposed
791:
784:
779:
778:
777: ?)
768:
764:
760:
756:
734:
730:
726:
722:
716:
702:
699:
694:
693:
682:
679:
678:
672:
671:
668:
662:
661:
650:
630:
617:
605:
585:
565:
552:
541:
528:
417:OPM superfamily
358:View/Edit Human
335:
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317:
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309:Location (UCSC)
297:
278:
254:
235:
193:
48:
33:
12:
11:
5:
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2162:Leu-enkephalin
2159:
2157:Met-enkephalin
2153:
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2142:
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2136:
2131:
2125:
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2117:
2116:
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2108:
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2100:
2094:
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2091:
2090:
2088:β-Neoendorphin
2085:
2083:α-Neoendorphin
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2049:
2047:
2038:
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1914:(4): 641–647.
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1780:
1743:(3): 449–458.
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1517:Crit. Care Med
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1393:(1): 256–264.
1373:
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1303:(10): 4963–8.
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1203:(5): 1907–11.
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2013:neuropeptides
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1049:
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1042:
1041:estrous cycle
1038:
1037:preoptic area
1033:
1029:
1025:
1024:transcription
1021:
1017:
1013:
1012:neuroblastoma
1009:
999:
997:
993:
989:
985:
980:
978:
973:
969:
965:
962:(PPI) of the
961:
957:
953:
949:
944:
942:
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928:
926:
922:
918:
914:
908:
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895:
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862:
861:contraction.
860:
859:smooth muscle
856:
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223:RefSeq (mRNA)
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43:
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31:
26:
22:
17:
2443:
2439:Neurophysins
2267:Neurokinin B
2262:Neurokinin A
2098:Endomorphins
2024:
1970:
1911:
1907:
1897:
1854:
1850:
1840:
1797:
1793:
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1516:
1510:
1496:cite journal
1451:
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1437:
1423:cite journal
1390:
1386:
1376:
1341:
1337:
1327:
1300:
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1005:
981:
945:
934:
913:neuromedin N
909:
878:neuromedin N
868:
835:hypothalamus
832:
824:vasodilation
820:hypothalamus
801:neuropeptide
793:
792:
519:Identifiers
505:Neurotensin
296:
277:
253:
234:
212:
189:
165:
148:
124:
107:
87:
82:
45:External IDs
2489:Human genes
2444:Neurotensin
2354:Angiotensin
2293:Neuromedins
2282:Physalaemin
2257:Substance P
2251:Tachykinins
2246:Bradykinins
2193:Hemorphin-4
2178:Adrenorphin
2149:Enkephalins
2139:γ-Endorphin
2134:β-Endorphin
2129:α-Endorphin
2068:Dynorphin B
2058:Dynorphin A
2053:Dynorphin A
1955:Neurotensin
1075:methylation
988:hypothermia
968:haloperidol
956:neuroleptic
919:end of the
874:amino acids
794:Neurotensin
707:Properties
429:OPM protein
379:Identifiers
61:- orthologs
28:Identifiers
19:neurotensin
2483:Categories
2273:amphibian
2210:Spinorphin
2200:Nociceptin
2183:Amidorphin
2121:Endorphins
2078:Leumorphin
2045:Dynorphins
1101:References
1083:Leiomyomas
1079:antagonist
1016:cyclic AMP
972:quetiapine
925:amino acid
905:activators
894:amino acid
886:N-terminal
871:C-terminal
847:regulation
798:amino acid
741:Molar mass
645:XHB61LG5QS
591:ChemSpider
580:CHEBI:7542
547:3D model (
536:39379-15-2
526:CAS Number
456:structures
2384:FMRFamide
2369:Carnosine
2253:: mammal
2215:Valorphin
2205:Opiorphin
2188:Hemorphin
1930:0006-3363
1871:1019-6439
1814:1932-846X
1757:1546-1726
1700:1932-6203
1643:0013-7227
1584:0270-6474
977:clozapine
921:precursor
890:precursor
855:secretion
828:cutaneous
809:prolactin
410:IPR008055
387:Pro-NT_NN
73:Orthologs
50:GeneCards
2359:Bombesin
2277:Kassinin
2027:hormones
2020:Hormones
2009:Peptides
1938:20592307
1889:28498396
1832:29569407
1775:28135243
1718:24416154
1670:PLOS ONE
1651:11416022
1545:41533372
1537:15090966
1488:11427716
1415:15095566
1407:15987829
1368:17000667
1178:11811984
1089:See also
1008:estrogen
948:dopamine
901:sequence
897:peptides
839:amygdala
796:is a 13
625:16133836
600:17290409
473:RCSB PDB
405:InterPro
347:Wikidata
2459:RVD-Hpα
2404:Ghrelin
2389:Galanin
2325:Orexins
1880:5435327
1823:6023781
1766:5735833
1709:3885409
1678:Bibcode
1602:9712639
1593:6792960
1456:Bibcode
1359:2613866
1319:2832414
1278:3472221
1246:Bibcode
1219:1167549
1142:4745447
937:mitogen
775:what is
773: (
735:
612:PubChem
398:PF07421
177:UniProt
136:Ensembl
79:Species
35:Aliases
2238:Kinins
2171:Others
1961:(MeSH)
1936:
1928:
1887:
1877:
1869:
1830:
1820:
1812:
1773:
1763:
1755:
1716:
1706:
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1590:
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1413:
1405:
1366:
1356:
1317:
1276:
1269:304902
1266:
1217:
1176:
1140:
884:, the
817:bovine
770:verify
767:
691:SMILES
488:PDBsum
462:
452:
384:Symbol
327:search
325:PubMed
95:Entrez
2347:Other
2228:Other
1541:S2CID
1479:35465
1411:S2CID
659:InChI
571:ChEBI
549:JSmol
88:Mouse
83:Human
2025:see
1934:PMID
1926:ISSN
1885:PMID
1867:ISSN
1828:PMID
1810:ISSN
1771:PMID
1753:ISSN
1714:PMID
1696:ISSN
1647:PMID
1639:ISSN
1598:PMID
1580:ISSN
1533:PMID
1502:link
1484:PMID
1429:link
1403:PMID
1364:PMID
1315:PMID
1274:PMID
1215:PMID
1174:PMID
1138:PMID
990:and
939:for
857:and
841:and
807:and
636:UNII
481:PDBj
477:PDBe
460:ECOD
450:Pfam
434:2oyv
393:Pfam
2464:VGF
2060:1–8
1916:doi
1875:PMC
1859:doi
1818:PMC
1802:doi
1761:PMC
1745:doi
1704:PMC
1686:doi
1629:doi
1625:142
1588:PMC
1572:doi
1525:doi
1474:PMC
1464:doi
1395:doi
1391:315
1354:PMC
1346:doi
1305:doi
1301:263
1264:PMC
1254:doi
1205:doi
1201:250
1166:doi
1162:290
1128:doi
1124:248
725:121
615:CID
468:PDB
422:257
336:n/a
331:n/a
318:n/a
313:n/a
298:n/a
279:n/a
255:n/a
236:n/a
213:n/a
166:n/a
149:n/a
125:n/a
108:n/a
57:OMA
2485::
2011::
1969:.
1932:.
1924:.
1912:83
1910:.
1906:.
1883:.
1873:.
1865:.
1855:50
1853:.
1849:.
1826:.
1816:.
1808:.
1798:78
1796:.
1792:.
1769:.
1759:.
1751:.
1741:20
1739:.
1735:.
1712:.
1702:.
1694:.
1684:.
1672:.
1668:.
1645:.
1637:.
1623:.
1619:.
1596:.
1586:.
1578:.
1568:18
1566:.
1562:.
1539:.
1531:.
1521:32
1519:.
1498:}}
1494:{{
1482:.
1472:.
1462:.
1452:98
1450:.
1446:.
1425:}}
1421:{{
1409:.
1401:.
1389:.
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1352:.
1342:12
1340:.
1336:.
1313:.
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1295:.
1272:.
1262:.
1252:.
1242:84
1240:.
1236:.
1213:.
1199:.
1195:.
1172:.
1160:.
1136:.
1122:.
1118:.
1043:.
998:.
943:.
837:,
733:20
729:21
721:78
479:;
475:;
458:/
55:;
52::
2338:B
2333:A
2315:U
2310:S
2305:N
2300:B
2001:e
1994:t
1987:v
1973:.
1940:.
1918::
1891:.
1861::
1834:.
1804::
1777:.
1747::
1720:.
1688::
1680::
1674:9
1653:.
1631::
1604:.
1574::
1547:.
1527::
1504:)
1490:.
1466::
1458::
1431:)
1417:.
1397::
1370:.
1348::
1321:.
1307::
1280:.
1256::
1248::
1221:.
1207::
1180:.
1168::
1144:.
1130::
765:N
731:O
727:N
723:H
719:C
551:)
195:a
191:n
59::
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