31:
719:
653:
695:
665:
683:
707:
84:
59:
206:
549:
This bird is 64 cm (25 in) long with a 100 cm (39 in) wingspan. Adult males weigh from 1.1 to 1.5 kg (2.4 to 3.3 lb), adult females 50 to 100 g (1.8 to 3.5 oz) less. Birds of the southern populations tend to be bigger than the more northerly birds. It is small
638:
are laid. Most pairs lay three eggs, but the mean number hatched is less than two. The eggs soon become nest-stained. Both sexes incubate for about 25–30 days, and both parents feed the young until around the 11th week. By week 12, they are independent. One brood is raised per year.
618:. This cormorant forages for food by diving underwater, propelling itself by its feet. Its dives are brief, between 5 and 15 seconds. It is also known to forage in groups, with several birds beating the water with their wings to drive fish forward into shallows.
1180:
605:. Information about its prey is sparse, but inland birds seem to feed on small, abundant fish in ponds and sheltered inlets, less than 10 cm (3.9 in) in length, with an individual weight of a gram or two, such as
1006:
Chesser, R.T.; Billerman, S.M.; Burns, K.J.; Cicero, C.; Dunn, J.L.; Hernández-Baños, B.E.; Kratter, A.W.; Lovette, I.J.; Mason, N.A.; Rasmussen, P.C.; Remsen, J.V.J.; Stotz, D.F.; Winker, K. (2021).
634:
is a platform of sticks with a depression in the center circled with twigs and grass. It is built a few meters above the ground or water in bushes or trees. Up to five chalky, bluish-white
562:
on the side of the head and the neck, and the throat patch develops a white edge. The upper wings are somewhat grayer than the rest of the body. Juveniles are brownish in color.
718:
531:, 1837) – inland and coastal Great Plains (central USA) from South Dakota and Kansas to the Gulf of Mexico, and Mexico to Nicaragua; Bahamas and Cuba
2154:
1142:. eds. Mark McGinley, C.Michael Hogan & C. Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington DC
2401:
2180:
1077:
2366:
818:
Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
558:
is mainly black, with a yellow-brown throat patch. During breeding, white tufts appear on the sides of the head, there are scattered white
2381:
2338:
2105:
2167:
652:
664:
2219:
1087:
2172:
1223:
2128:
2276:
2133:
2386:
1154:
1131:
446:
2396:
2284:
878:
2185:
2391:
725:
30:
2376:
694:
1167:
453:
after Ralph
Browning argued that Piso's description and paintings do indeed refer to the neotropic cormorant.
369:. It can be found both on coasts (including some mangrove areas) and in inland waters. There are at least two
445:
because the identity of Piso's birds was considered uncertain. Later, ornithological authorities such as the
2006:
706:
2198:
682:
2056:
528:
2061:
866:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. pp. 169–170.
83:
1042:
770:
2289:
2035:
1666:
1008:"Sixty-second Supplement to the American Ornithological Society's Check-list of North American Birds"
670:
798:
De Indiae utriusque re naturali et medica libri quatuordecim, quorum contenta pagina sequens exhibet
2193:
1801:
1696:
1216:
1172:
912:"Thirty-Eighth Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-List of North American Birds"
551:
467:
2022:
1186:
1103:
2263:
1309:
812:
418:
195:
2237:
2250:
2159:
2120:
2043:
1974:
1676:
1137:
986:
832:
491:
463:
438:
246:
2245:
2232:
1882:
1763:
1737:
1671:
1319:
1314:
821:(in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 2 (13th ed.). Lipsiae : Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 564.
431:
178:
2371:
2302:
2271:
2048:
2017:
1851:
1811:
1781:
1201:
495:
471:
8:
1773:
1572:
1476:
1209:
747:
414:
48:
1949:
1701:
1329:
933:
893:
233:
78:
2079:
1924:
1768:
1722:
1646:
1446:
1403:
1324:
1150:
1127:
1083:
968:
394:
951:
Kennedy, M.; Spencer, H.G. (2014). "Classification of the cormorants of the world".
861:
840:
796:
2084:
1877:
1727:
1681:
1599:
1503:
1423:
1356:
1254:
1046:
1019:
990:
960:
923:
816:
765:
538:
256:
1024:
1007:
836:
466:
study of the cormorants published in 2014 found that the neotropic cormorant, the
2329:
2206:
2071:
1732:
1691:
1562:
1466:
1232:
847:
The volume is dated 1811 on the title page but the first part was issued in 1805.
598:
346:
964:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1742:
1686:
1651:
1567:
1408:
643:
2360:
1997:
1918:
1908:
1903:
1831:
1637:
1050:
756:
612:
503:
458:
350:
68:
63:
801:(in Latin). Amstelaedami: Apud Ludovicum et Danielem Elzevirios. p. 83.
1898:
1888:
1842:
1661:
1413:
972:
475:
2258:
2211:
2141:
1929:
1913:
1792:
1471:
1428:
1418:
1300:
1250:
1196:
879:"The correct name for the Olivaceous Cormorant, 'Maiague' of Piso (1658)"
792:
627:
486:
426:
406:
155:
1192:
642:
This bird is largely a permanent resident, with some birds occasionally
570:
Unlike other cormorants, this bird can often be seen perching on wires.
554:. It has a long tail and frequently holds its neck in an S-shape. Adult
2343:
2297:
2146:
2110:
1893:
1862:
1713:
1236:
937:
897:
857:
517:
480:
405:
The neotropic cormorant was documented in 1658 by the Dutch naturalist
390:
370:
338:
334:
330:
326:
135:
1249:
1871:
1656:
1595:
631:
595:
559:
378:
318:
145:
95:
1968:
928:
911:
484:. The three species were, therefore, moved to the resurrected genus
2323:
2097:
1991:
995:. Vol. 1. London: Trustees of the British Museum. p. 235.
635:
607:
366:
115:
2030:
1822:
1623:
1557:
1534:
1380:
1352:
1286:
583:
555:
358:
322:
2224:
1498:
550:
and slender, especially compared to the larger, heavier-looking
205:
1548:
1499:
1457:
674:
602:
591:
410:
342:
105:
2092:
1754:
1612:
1523:
1507:
1394:
1369:
1275:
1258:
422:
1231:
845:(in French). Vol. 1. Paris: Chez F. Schoell. p. 6.
1005:
587:
579:
386:
362:
125:
1594:
490:
that had been introduced in 1899 by
English ornithologist
1351:
842:
Recueil d'observations de zoologie et d'anatomie comparée
456:
The neotropic cormorant was formerly placed in the genus
745:
537:(Gmelin, JF, 1789) – inland and coastal Costa Rica to
1149:. Smithsonian Handbooks: DK Publishing, Inc. (2002).
1778:
1193:
Citizen science observations for
Neotropic cormorant
1051:"Storks, frigatebirds, boobies, darters, cormorants"
1041:
831:
771:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22696773A133550739.en
1126:. Houghton Mifflin Company, New York, NY (1996).
1104:"Phalacrocorax brasilianus (Neotropic cormorant)"
626:Neotropic cormorants are monogamous and breed in
2358:
1119:. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
353:, where it is called by the indigenous name of
992:A Hand-List of the Genera and Species of Birds
950:
421:in 1789. He placed it with the petrels in the
1217:
1117:Cormorants, darters and pelicans of the world
1079:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
856:
2134:neotropic-cormorant-phalacrocorax-olivaceus
1224:
1210:
944:
341:coasts of the United States south through
204:
57:
29:
1082:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 265.
1023:
927:
769:
389:, the neotropic cormorant is used by the
876:
1075:
870:
2359:
1037:
1035:
985:
811:
2402:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin
1973:
1972:
1593:
1497:
1350:
1248:
1205:
1057:. International Ornithologists' Union
953:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
860:; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979).
1921:(imperial cormorant, blue-eyed shag)
791:
2367:IUCN Red List least concern species
1189:, Cornell University of Ornithology
1032:
757:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
573:
13:
578:Its diet consists mainly of small
14:
2413:
1181:Neotropic cormorant photo gallery
1160:
1055:IOC World Bird List Version 12.2
863:Check-List of Birds of the World
717:
705:
693:
681:
663:
651:
437:. Many authors preferred to use
413:. This formed the basis for the
82:
2382:Birds of the Rio Grande valleys
1096:
1069:
999:
746:BirdLife International (2018).
726:Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden
979:
904:
850:
825:
805:
785:
739:
544:
447:American Ornithologists' Union
321:found throughout the American
1:
1124:Lives of North American Birds
732:
417:and naming of the species by
1320:Christmas Island frigatebird
1183:at VIREO (Drexel University)
646:north in the warmer months.
565:
7:
1621:
1532:
1378:
1284:
1168:"Neotropic cormorant media"
1136:World Wildlife Fund. 2010.
1025:10.1093/ornithology/ukab037
965:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.020
877:Browning, M. Ralph (1989).
621:
400:
221: Accidental occurrence
10:
2418:
1115:Johnsgaard, P. A. (1993),
1076:Jobling, James A. (2010).
2313:
2303:Phalacrocorax-brasilianus
2023:Phalacrocorax_brasilianus
1983:Phalacrocorax brasilianus
1981:
1860:
1840:
1820:
1790:
1752:
1711:
1635:
1620:
1611:
1607:
1589:
1546:
1531:
1522:
1518:
1493:
1455:
1437:
1392:
1377:
1368:
1364:
1346:
1298:
1283:
1274:
1270:
1244:
764:: e.T22696773A133550739.
724:Swallowing a fish at the
671:Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon
451:Phalacrocorax brasilianus
267:Phalacrocorax brasilianus
239:
232:
212:
203:
184:
177:
79:Scientific classification
77:
55:
46:
37:
28:
23:
2387:Birds of Central America
1802:Double-crested cormorant
1697:White-breasted cormorant
1173:Internet Bird Collection
813:Gmelin, Johann Friedrich
552:double-crested cormorant
474:formed a clade that was
468:double-crested cormorant
357:. It also breeds in the
2397:Birds described in 1789
1745:(long-tailed cormorant)
1310:Magnificent frigatebird
987:Sharpe, Richard Bowdler
833:von Humboldt, Alexander
750:Nannopterum brasilianus
611:species especially the
441:'s 1805 description of
419:Johann Friedrich Gmelin
314:Nannopterum brasilianum
253:Phalacrocorax pampeanus
242:Phalacrocorax olivaceus
215:Nannopterum brasilianum
188:Nannopterum brasilianum
2392:Birds of South America
2315:Procellaria brasiliana
1874:(Magellanic cormorant)
1704:(Temminck's cormorant)
1677:Little black cormorant
1239:(Phalacrocoraciformes)
1049:, eds. (August 2022).
492:Richard Bowdler Sharpe
464:molecular phylogenetic
439:Alexander von Humboldt
435:Procellaria brasiliana
2377:Birds of the Americas
2246:Paleobiology Database
2233:Paleobiology Database
1883:New Zealand king shag
1738:Little pied cormorant
1672:Black-faced cormorant
1315:Ascension frigatebird
509:meaning "dwarf" with
283:Nesocarbo brasilianum
279:Nannopterum pampeanum
271:Nannopterum olivaceus
1852:Red-legged cormorant
1812:Flightless cormorant
1782:Spectacled cormorant
1602:: Phalacrocoracidae)
1506:: Anhingidae ·
1257:: Fregatidae ·
1145:Alsop, Fred J. III;
922:(3): 750–754. 1991.
582:, but will also eat
496:flightless cormorant
472:flightless cormorant
317:) is a medium-sized
309:olivaceous cormorant
259:& Mercerat, 1891
24:Neotropic cormorant
2121:neotropic-cormorant
1807:Neotropic cormorant
1774:Red-faced cormorant
1573:Australasian darter
1477:Australasian gannet
1353:Gannets and boobies
1187:Neotropic Cormorant
658:Flying in Argentina
494:to accommodate the
443:Pelecanus olivaceus
305:neotropic cormorant
295:Nesocarbo pampeanum
287:Nesocarbo olivaceus
263:Phalacrocorax vigua
170:N. brasilianum
49:Conservation status
1950:South Georgia shag
1885:(rough-faced shag)
1764:Brandt's cormorant
1702:Japanese cormorant
1330:Lesser frigatebird
1045:; Donsker, David;
616:Poecilia latipinna
415:formal description
385:further south. In
329:, from the middle
2354:
2353:
1975:Taxon identifiers
1966:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1925:Heard Island shag
1769:Pelagic cormorant
1723:Crowned cormorant
1647:Socotra cormorant
1631:
1630:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1542:
1541:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1404:Blue-footed booby
1388:
1387:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1325:Great frigatebird
1294:
1293:
1139:Petenes mangroves
1089:978-1-4081-2501-4
1047:Rasmussen, Pamela
535:N. b. brasilianum
498:. The genus name
409:after travels in
383:N. b. brasilianum
301:
300:
275:Nannopterum vigum
260:
250:
146:Phalacrocoracidae
72:
2409:
2347:
2346:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2306:
2305:
2293:
2292:
2280:
2279:
2267:
2266:
2254:
2253:
2241:
2240:
2228:
2227:
2215:
2214:
2202:
2201:
2189:
2188:
2176:
2175:
2163:
2162:
2150:
2149:
2137:
2136:
2124:
2123:
2114:
2113:
2101:
2100:
2088:
2087:
2075:
2074:
2065:
2064:
2052:
2051:
2039:
2038:
2036:56036504EDE6F930
2026:
2025:
2013:
2012:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1970:
1969:
1878:Guanay cormorant
1780:
1728:Little cormorant
1682:Indian cormorant
1618:
1617:
1609:
1608:
1591:
1590:
1529:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1495:
1494:
1424:Red-footed booby
1375:
1374:
1366:
1365:
1348:
1347:
1281:
1280:
1272:
1271:
1246:
1245:
1226:
1219:
1212:
1203:
1202:
1177:
1108:
1107:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1039:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1003:
997:
996:
983:
977:
976:
948:
942:
941:
931:
908:
902:
901:
883:
874:
868:
867:
854:
848:
846:
829:
823:
822:
809:
803:
802:
789:
783:
782:
780:
778:
773:
743:
721:
712:Flying in Panama
709:
697:
685:
667:
655:
574:Food and feeding
539:Tierra del Fuego
520:are recognised:
513:meaning "wing".
255:
244:
226:
220:
208:
190:
87:
86:
66:
61:
60:
33:
21:
20:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2342:
2337:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2309:
2301:
2296:
2288:
2283:
2275:
2270:
2262:
2257:
2249:
2244:
2236:
2231:
2223:
2218:
2210:
2207:Observation.org
2205:
2197:
2192:
2184:
2179:
2171:
2166:
2158:
2153:
2145:
2140:
2132:
2127:
2119:
2117:
2109:
2104:
2096:
2091:
2083:
2078:
2070:
2068:
2060:
2055:
2047:
2042:
2034:
2029:
2021:
2016:
2010:
2005:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1977:
1967:
1954:
1856:
1836:
1816:
1786:
1748:
1733:Pygmy cormorant
1707:
1692:Great cormorant
1627:
1603:
1577:
1563:Oriental darter
1538:
1514:
1481:
1467:Northern gannet
1451:
1433:
1384:
1360:
1334:
1290:
1266:
1240:
1230:
1166:
1163:
1122:Kaufman, Kenn;
1112:
1111:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1090:
1074:
1070:
1060:
1058:
1040:
1033:
1004:
1000:
984:
980:
949:
945:
929:10.2307/4088140
910:
909:
905:
886:Wilson Bulletin
881:
875:
871:
855:
851:
830:
826:
810:
806:
790:
786:
776:
774:
744:
740:
735:
728:
722:
713:
710:
701:
698:
689:
686:
677:
668:
659:
656:
624:
576:
568:
547:
525:N. b. mexicanum
430:and coined the
403:
381:northwards and
375:N. b. mexicanum
347:Central America
293:
291:Nesocarbo vigum
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
251:
228:
224:
222:
218:
199:
192:
186:
173:
81:
73:
62:
58:
51:
41:
39:N. b. mexicanum
17:
16:Species of bird
12:
11:
5:
2415:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2335:
2319:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2294:
2281:
2268:
2255:
2242:
2229:
2216:
2203:
2190:
2177:
2164:
2151:
2138:
2125:
2115:
2102:
2089:
2076:
2066:
2053:
2040:
2027:
2014:
2003:
1987:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1945:Macquarie shag
1942:
1940:Kerguelen shag
1937:
1935:Antarctic shag
1932:
1927:
1922:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1880:
1875:
1868:
1866:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1848:
1846:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1828:
1826:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1798:
1796:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1760:
1758:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1743:Reed cormorant
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1719:
1717:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1687:Cape cormorant
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1667:Pied cormorant
1664:
1659:
1654:
1652:Bank cormorant
1649:
1643:
1641:
1633:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1615:
1605:
1604:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1568:African darter
1565:
1560:
1554:
1552:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1526:
1516:
1515:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1463:
1461:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1447:Abbott's booby
1443:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1409:Peruvian booby
1406:
1400:
1398:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1372:
1362:
1361:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1306:
1304:
1296:
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1982:
1899:Chatham shag
1889:Foveaux shag
1861:
1843:Poikilocarbo
1841:
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1662:Spotted shag
1636:
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1414:Masked booby
1393:
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1059:. Retrieved
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837:Bonpland, A.
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18:
2372:Nannopterum
2259:SeaLifeBase
2194:Neotropical
2142:iNaturalist
1930:Crozet shag
1914:Bounty shag
1793:Nannopterum
1472:Cape gannet
1429:Brown booby
1419:Nazca booby
1197:iNaturalist
1061:23 November
1043:Gill, Frank
1018:(ukab037).
1012:Ornithology
959:: 249–257.
858:Mayr, Ernst
545:Description
500:Nannopterum
487:Nannopterum
427:Procellaria
407:Willem Piso
339:Californian
157:Nannopterum
2361:Categories
2298:Xeno-canto
1894:Otago shag
1863:Leucocarbo
1714:Microcarbo
1596:Cormorants
1359:: Sulidae)
1237:Suliformes
733:References
590:, aquatic
560:filoplumes
529:Brandt, JF
518:subspecies
481:Leucocarbo
470:, and the
391:Uru people
371:subspecies
331:Rio Grande
327:subtropics
136:Suliformes
42:Guatemala
2330:Q82979962
1872:Rock shag
1657:Pitt shag
644:wandering
596:dragonfly
594:(such as
566:Behaviour
379:Nicaragua
319:cormorant
213:Range of
164:Species:
102:Kingdom:
96:Eukaryota
2324:Wikidata
2160:10217618
2049:22696773
2044:BirdLife
1992:Wikidata
1439:Papasula
989:(1899).
973:24994028
839:(1811).
815:(1789).
795:(1658).
777:27 April
628:colonies
622:Breeding
608:Poecilia
584:tadpoles
401:Taxonomy
367:Trinidad
333:and the
247:Humboldt
234:Synonyms
142:Family:
116:Chordata
112:Phylum:
106:Animalia
92:Domain:
69:IUCN 3.1
2344:9693512
2147:1454382
2111:2481868
2031:Avibase
1998:Q849173
1823:Gulosus
1624:Species
1558:Anhinga
1549:Anhinga
1535:Species
1511:Anhinga
1500:Darters
1381:Species
1301:Fregata
1287:Species
1263:Fregata
938:4088140
916:The Auk
898:4162695
601:), and
592:insects
556:plumage
395:fishing
359:Bahamas
323:tropics
249:, 1805)
198:, 1789)
152:Genus:
132:Order:
122:Class:
67: (
2290:343939
2238:368290
2225:343939
2199:neocor
2173:554375
2118:GNAB:
2098:neocor
2072:neocor
2011:neocor
1600:family
1504:family
1357:family
1255:family
1153:
1130:
1086:
971:
936:
896:
675:Brazil
630:. The
603:shrimp
599:nymphs
511:pteron
507:nannos
476:sister
411:Brazil
365:, and
343:Mexico
257:Moreno
225:
219:
196:Gmelin
2285:WoRMS
2277:13406
2264:84099
2251:53349
2212:73420
2186:37046
2155:IRMNG
2093:eBird
2085:4FQQ8
2069:BOW:
2062:10014
1755:Urile
1613:Genus
1524:Genus
1508:genus
1458:Morus
1370:Genus
1276:Genus
1259:genus
1233:Order
934:JSTOR
894:JSTOR
882:(PDF)
588:frogs
423:genus
377:from
355:biguá
2339:GBIF
2220:OBIS
2181:NCBI
2168:ITIS
2106:GBIF
2057:BOLD
1395:Sula
1151:ISBN
1128:ISBN
1084:ISBN
1063:2022
969:PMID
779:2022
762:2018
636:eggs
632:nest
580:fish
516:Two
462:. A
393:for
387:Peru
363:Cuba
345:and
337:and
335:Gulf
325:and
303:The
126:Aves
2272:TSA
2129:IBC
2080:CoL
2018:ADW
2007:ABA
1195:at
1020:doi
1016:138
961:doi
924:doi
920:108
890:101
766:doi
307:or
2363::
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2009::
1994::
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1170:.
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1034:^
1014:.
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967:.
957:79
955:.
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888:.
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835:;
760:.
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673:,
586:,
397:.
373::
361:,
1779:†
1598:(
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1502:(
1355:(
1265:)
1253:(
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1218:t
1211:v
1176:.
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1022::
975:.
963::
940:.
926::
900:.
781:.
768::
752:"
748:"
527:(
311:(
245:(
194:(
71:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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