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91:), may be the cause of orbital perturbations of some outer Solar System objects. In 2010, researchers found evidence in the fossil record confirming the extinction event periodicity originally identified in 1984, but at a higher confidence level and over a time period nearly twice as long. However, in 2011, researchers analyzed craters on the surface of the Earth and reached the conclusion that the earlier findings were
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In 2010, Melott & Bambach re-examined the fossil data, including the now-improved dating, and using a second independent database in addition to that Raup & Sepkoski had used. They found evidence for a signal showing an excess extinction rate with a 27-million-year periodicity, now going back
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Calculations in the 1980s suggested that a
Nemesis object would have an irregular orbit due to perturbations from the galaxy and passing stars. The Melott and Bambach work shows an extremely regular signal, inconsistent with the expected irregularities in such an orbit. Thus, while supporting the
344:
Brown has stated that it is more likely that one or more non-companion stars, passing near the Sun billions of years ago, could have pulled Sedna out into its current orbit. In 2004, Kenyon forwarded this explanation after analysis of Sedna's orbital data and computer modeling of possible ancient
336:
magazine article that Sedna's location seemed to defy reasoning: "Sedna shouldn't be there", Brown said. "There's no way to put Sedna where it is. It never comes close enough to be affected by the Sun, but it never goes far enough away from the Sun to be affected by other stars." Brown therefore
304:
In 2010, and again in 2013, Melott & Bambach found evidence for a signal showing an excess extinction rate with a 27-million-year periodicity. However, because
Nemesis is so distant from the Sun, it is expected to be subject to perturbations by passing stars, and therefore its orbital period
176:) could be shown to coincide with large impact events. Although Raup and Sepkoski could not identify the cause of their supposed periodicity, they suggested a possible non-terrestrial connection. The challenge to propose a mechanism was quickly addressed by several teams of astronomers.
79:
at the time of its formation, leading them to suggest "there probably was a
Nemesis, a long time ago". Such a star would have separated from this binary system over four billion years ago, meaning it could not be responsible for the more recent perceived cycle of mass extinctions.
264:
As of 2012, more than 1800 brown dwarfs have been identified. There are actually fewer brown dwarfs in our cosmic neighborhood than previously thought. Rather than one star for every brown dwarf, there may be as many as six stars for every brown dwarf. The majority of
288:
of a number of atypical long-period comets that describe an orbital arc meeting the specifications of Muller's hypothesis. Richard Muller's most recent paper relevant to the
Nemesis theory was published in 2002. In 2002, Muller speculated that Nemesis was
407:, and the closer a brown dwarf is, the easier it is to detect. Preliminary results of the WISE survey were released on April 14, 2011. On March 14, 2012, the entire catalog of the WISE mission was released. In 2014, WISE data ruled out a
125:, a senior scientist at NASA known for his work in risk assessment of near Earth objects, has written that there is no confidence in the existence of an object like Nemesis, since it should have been detected in infrared sky surveys.
419:. According to a 2011 NASA news release, "recent scientific analysis no longer supports the idea that extinctions on Earth happen at regular, repeating intervals, and thus, the Nemesis hypothesis is no longer needed."
997:; Cushing, Michael C.; Gelino, Christopher R.; Griffith, Roger L.; et al. (2011). "The First Hundred Brown Dwarfs Discovered by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)".
1450:
Melott, Adrian L.; Bambach, Richard K. (18 July 2013). "Do periodicities in extinction—with possible astronomical connections—survive a revision of the geological timescale?".
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over the time period in question. The average time interval between extinction events was determined as 26 million years. At the time, two of the identified extinction events (
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has an extra-long and unusual elliptical orbit around the Sun, ranging between 76 and 937 AU. Sedna's orbit takes about 11,400 years to complete once. Its discoverer,
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497:
75:, which seem to occur more often at intervals of 26 million years. In a 2017 paper, Sarah Sadavoy and Steven Stahler argued that the Sun was probably part of a
1395:
Raghavan, Deepak; McAlister, Harold A.; Henry, Todd J.; Mason, David W.; et al. (2010). "A Survey of
Stellar Families: Multiplicity of Solar-Type Stars".
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3707:
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261:. (The proper motion of Barnard's Star was detected in 1916.) Muller expects Nemesis to be discovered by the time parallax surveys reach the 10th magnitude.
1715:(Provides a very entertaining and readable review of the Nemesis extinction hypothesis, including dozens of references to scientific articles on the topic.)
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published a paper claiming that they had identified a statistical periodicity in extinction rates over the last 250 million years using various forms of
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postulated that a massive unseen object may be responsible for Sedna's anomalous orbit. This line of inquiry eventually led to the hypothesis of
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03/11/10, Author: Leslie Mullen, Article about
Nemesis and Tyche theory, and how the WISE Sky Survey Mission may prove or disprove the theories.
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Kenyon, Scott J.; Benjamin C. Bromley (2004). "Stellar encounters as the origin of distant Solar System objects in highly eccentric orbits".
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extinction periodicity, it appears to be inconsistent with the
Nemesis hypothesis, though of course not inconsistent with other kinds of
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372:, which ran from 1997 to 2001, failed to detect a star, or brown dwarf, in the Solar System. If Nemesis exists, it may be detected by
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should shift by 15–30%. The existence of a sharp 27-million year peak in extinction events is therefore inconsistent with
Nemesis.
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Searches for
Nemesis in the infrared are important because cooler stars comparatively shine brighter in infrared light. The
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Muller, referring to the date of a recent extinction at 11 million years before the present day, posits that
Nemesis has a
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Lynn Yarris. "Does a Companion Star to the Sun Cause Earth's Periodic Mass Extinctions?" Science Beat. Spring 1987
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1309:"Measurement of the lunar impact record for the past 3.5 billion years, and implications for the Nemesis theory"
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Measurement of the lunar impact record for the past 3.5 billion years, and implications for the Nemesis theory
269:-type stars are single. The previous idea stated half or perhaps most stellar systems were binary, triple, or
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If it does exist, the exact nature of Nemesis is uncertain. Muller suggests that the most likely object is a
84:
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Whitmire, D.P.; Jackson, A.A. (1984). "Are periodic mass extinctions driven by a distant solar companion?".
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associated with clusters of stars, rather than the single-star systems that tend to be seen most often.
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and would escape detection by older proper motion surveys that have found stars like the 9th-magnitude
109:
Using newer and more powerful infrared telescope technology able to detect brown dwarfs as cool as 150
106:, which ran from 1997 to 2001, failed to detect an additional star or brown dwarf in the Solar System.
95:, and found that the crater record shows no evidence for Nemesis. The Infrared Astronomical Satellite (
280:
of about 1.5 light-years (95,000 AU) and suggests it is located (supported by Yarris, 1987) near
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measurements) was expected to be able to find it. WISE can detect 150-kelvin brown dwarfs out to 10
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970:"The idea has been disproved by several infrared sky surveys, most recently the WISE mission"
742:"All stars in the universe may form in pairs — but we can't find the sun's missing 'Nemesis'"
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500 million years, and at a much higher statistical significance than in the older work.
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527:. Astrobiology Magazine (Cosmic Evolution). Archived from the original on 14 March 2010
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to explain Raup and Sepkoski's extinction periodicity in the same issue of the journal
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1338:"DwarfArchives.org: Photometry, spectroscopy, and astrometry of M, L, and T dwarfs"
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2191:
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2129:
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1646:
Foot R., Silagadze Z. K. (2001). "Do mirror planets exist in our solar system?".
1631:"Astrobiology Magazine", "Cosmic Evolution" Section, "Getting WISE about Nemesis"
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277:
134:
4915:
16:
Hypothetical star orbiting the Sun, supposedly responsible for extinction events
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between 7 and 12, while Daniel P. Whitmire and Albert A. Jackson argue for a
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1981:
1946:
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627:
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failed to discover Nemesis by 1986. The Infrared Astronomical Satellite (
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on Earth. This became known as the "Nemesis" or "Death Star" hypothesis.
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1702:
1682:, Geological Society of America Special Paper 356, pp 659–665 (2002). I
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64:
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2003:
1986:
1211:
1161:
1057:"Scientists today no longer think an object like Nemesis could exist"
915:
384:
234:
44:
2429:
1111:"NASA's WISE Survey Finds Thousands of New Stars, But No 'Planet X'"
1013:
4884:
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285:
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NASA's WISE Survey Finds Thousands of New Stars, But No 'Planet X'
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1411:
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348:
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2013:
1991:
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993:
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2338:
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2042:
2008:
1996:
1941:
1893:
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1861:
1856:
1735:
1572:"NASA Releases New WISE Mission Catalog of Entire Infrared Sky"
411:
or larger-sized body in the Oort cloud out to ten thousand AU.
408:
214:. This hypothesis proposes that the Sun may have an undetected
149:
110:
4545:
4304:
2458:
2037:
1969:
1964:
1879:
1834:
1829:
1547:"NASA – WISE Delivers Millions of Galaxies, Stars, Asteroids"
366:
219:
100:
1314:. Geol. Soc. of America Special Paper 356, pp 659–665 (2002)
1185:
4889:
2090:
1974:
1839:
1394:
1375:"Brown Dwarfs, Runts of Stellar Litter, Rarer than Thought"
1139:
362:
96:
83:
More recent theories suggest that other forces, like close
4978:
128:
1819:
842:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters
835:
767:
266:
52:
1645:
1533:
An Astrometric Search for a Stellar Companion to the Sun
918:"Sun's Nemesis Pelted Earth with Comets, Study Suggests"
578:
218:
in a highly elliptical orbit that periodically disturbs
183:
916:
Leslie Mullen (Astrobiology Magazine) (11 March 2010).
317:
Sedna orbit compared to the Solar System and Oort cloud
284:, based on a hypothetical orbit derived from original
4967:
3708:
Self-indication assumption doomsday argument rebuttal
1703:
TeV scale gravity, mirror universe, and ... dinosaurs
3634:
Safety of high-energy particle collision experiments
673:
Sadavoy, Sarah I.; Stahler, Steven W. (2017-05-03).
1535:(Ph.D. thesis). University of California, Berkeley.
192:, Daniel P. Whitmire and Albert A. Jackson IV, and
51:, originally postulated in 1984 to be orbiting the
249:, but it would only be confirmed by measuring its
1303:
1266:(1916). "A small star with large proper motion".
1188:"Extinction of species by periodic comet showers"
987:
679:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
581:"Periodicity of Extinctions in the Geologic Past"
560:“Extinction of species by periodic comet showers”
395:(an infrared sky survey that covered most of the
121:(WISE survey) has not detected Nemesis. In 2011,
26:Not to be confused with the hypothetical planets
5027:
4762:List of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
1779:
1501:
1499:
1135:
1133:
1131:
960:
958:
649:"New evidence that all stars are born in pairs"
588:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
365:) failed to discover Nemesis in the 1980s. The
349:Past, current, and pending searches for Nemesis
99:) failed to discover Nemesis in the 1980s. The
4660:List of dates predicted for apocalyptic events
1694:Richard A. Muller, lecture where he describes
1080:
1051:
964:
672:
579:Raup, D.M.; Sepkoski, J.J. (1 February 1984).
253:; due to orbiting the Sun it would have a low
148:. They focused on the extinction intensity of
3665:Existential risk from artificial intelligence
3506:
3492:
1940:
1751:
1721:Evidence Mounts For Companion Star To Our Sun
1600:
1449:
1373:Ian O'Neill (Discovery News) (12 June 2012).
1325:
1299:
1297:
1237:
936:
934:
522:
1539:
1496:
1357:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1181:
1179:
1128:
1103:
1088:. NASA Ask An Astrobiologist. Archived from
1074:
1059:. NASA Ask An Astrobiologist. Archived from
972:. NASA Ask An Astrobiologist. Archived from
955:
909:
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
506:
297:from a circular orbit into an orbit with an
3713:Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal
1564:
1505:
3816:Climate change and civilizational collapse
3499:
3485:
1758:
1744:
1527:
1388:
1294:
1086:"this hypothetical Nemesis does not exist"
931:
574:
572:
1659:
1639:Nemesis: Does the Sun Have a 'Companion'?
1608:"Can WISE Find the Hypothetical 'Tyche'?"
1463:
1410:
1366:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1186:Davis, M.; Hut, P.; Muller, R.A. (1984).
1176:
1012:
871:
853:
781:
708:
690:
675:"Embedded binaries and their dense cores"
617:
607:
503:
4819:Centre for the Study of Existential Risk
4757:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
3271:Interstellar and circumstellar molecules
1045:
888:
831:
829:
827:
825:
763:
761:
500:, 22 Feb 1984, Page B6, Associated Press
312:
5041:Hypothetical bodies of the Solar System
3467:) may be read as "within" or "part of".
2495:Planetary orbit-crossing minor planets
1443:
1262:
1245:. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
569:
129:Claimed periodicity of mass extinctions
5028:
1574:. Nasa JPL. 2012-03-14. Archived from
1226:
1113:. Nasa JPL. 2014-03-07. Archived from
739:
3480:
1739:
1691:(Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988, OP)
822:
758:
498:"Scientists claim killer star exists"
490:
184:Development of the Nemesis hypotheses
5076:Hypothetical trans-Neptunian objects
3836:Tipping points in the climate system
1336:, Adam Burgasser (6 November 2012).
1000:The Astrophysical Journal Supplement
836:Melott, A.L.; Bambach, R.K. (2010).
245:. If a red dwarf, it would exist in
3831:Extinction risk from climate change
3730:New World Order (conspiracy theory)
1256:
119:Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
13:
4791:List of fictional doomsday devices
1775:
204:, independently published similar
14:
5102:
3811:Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis
1624:
558:M. Davis, P. Hut, and R. Muller,
308:
5013:
5001:
4989:
4977:
4927:
4926:
4914:
4072:Decline in amphibian populations
3358:
3346:
3334:
1765:
873:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2010.00913.x
4423:Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
3920:Land surface effects on climate
3893:Human impact on the environment
3524:Future of an expanding universe
3234:Gravitationally rounded objects
1589:
1521:
523:Leslie Mullen (11 March 2010).
383:In particular, if Nemesis is a
733:
666:
641:
552:
55:at a distance of about 95,000
1:
5056:Solar System dynamic theories
4369:Interpretations of Revelation
4171:Cosmological phase transition
4077:Decline in insect populations
3529:Ultimate fate of the universe
1610:. NASA/JPL. February 18, 2011
484:
439:Lists of astronomical objects
5091:Obsolete theories in physics
4824:Future of Humanity Institute
4221:Potentially hazardous object
4121:Interplanetary contamination
1506:Cal Fussman (May 27, 2006).
898:. Max Planck. August 1, 2011
740:Levine, David (2018-06-19).
525:"Getting WISE About Nemesis"
479:Vulcan (hypothetical planet)
7:
4704:Nemesis (hypothetical star)
3853:Global terrestrial stilling
3329:Outline of the Solar System
3092:Interplanetary medium/space
1732:(Max Planck August 1, 2011)
1508:"The Man Who Finds Planets"
1363:(M=536, L=918, T=355, Y=14)
474:Tyche (hypothetical planet)
422:
345:non-companion star passes.
293:400 million years ago by a
10:
5107:
5061:M-type main-sequence stars
4216:Asteroid impact prediction
4191:Heat death of the universe
3601:Mutual assured destruction
3045:Extraterrestrial materials
1642:, Space.com, 3 April 2001.
1549:. Nasa.gov. Archived from
1031:10.1088/0067-0049/197/2/19
25:
18:
4908:
4842:
4834:Nuclear Threat Initiative
4811:
4767:List of apocalyptic films
4744:
4610:2011 end times prediction
4602:
4342:Prophecy of Seventy Weeks
4337:Abomination of desolation
4273:
4211:Asteroid impact avoidance
4148:
4059:
4041:List of extinction events
4016:
4009:
3975:
3883:Environmental degradation
3779:
3770:
3685:
3670:Technological singularity
3539:
3514:
3508:Global catastrophic risks
3365:Earth sciences portal
3324:
3279:
3216:
3087:Interplanetary dust cloud
2966:
2802:
2732:
2443:
2385:
2078:
1931:
1773:
1482:10.1088/0004-637X/773/1/6
1452:The Astrophysical Journal
1429:10.1088/0067-0049/190/1/1
1398:The Astrophysical Journal
544:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
69:cycle of mass extinctions
67:, to explain a perceived
4829:Future of Life Institute
4731:Resurrection of the dead
4724:Post-tribulation rapture
4106:Colony collapse disorder
3378:Local Interstellar Cloud
2096:other near-Earth objects
355:University of California
113:out to a distance of 10
21:Nemesis (disambiguation)
3655:Artificial intelligence
3341:Solar System portal
3067:Giant-impact hypothesis
2674:Trans-Neptunian objects
942:"Science: Brown Dwarfs"
434:Giant-impact hypothesis
332:of Caltech, noted in a
63:), somewhat beyond the
4784:List of disaster films
4625:Apocalyptic literature
3725:Malthusian catastrophe
3651:Synthetic intelligence
3229:Possible dwarf planets
3072:Gravitational collapse
3010:Circumstellar envelope
1815:
838:"Nemesis Reconsidered"
459:Planets beyond Neptune
444:Nemesis (Asimov novel)
399:in movement-verifying
380:astronomical surveys.
323:trans-Neptunian object
318:
85:passage of other stars
4166:Coronal mass ejection
3628:Electromagnetic pulse
3589:Kinetic energy weapon
3438:Laniakea Supercluster
3055:Sample-return mission
1814:
1708:Acta Physica Polonica
1648:Acta Physica Polonica
1084:(November 25, 2010).
710:10.1093/mnras/stx1061
609:10.1073/pnas.81.3.801
359:Leuschner Observatory
316:
271:multiple-star systems
93:statistical artifacts
4568:War of Gog and Magog
4245:Near-Earth supernova
3995:Human overpopulation
3799:Mass mortality event
3693:Anthropogenic hazard
3353:Astronomy portal
3254:Solar System objects
3000:Circumplanetary disk
1268:Astronomical Journal
1092:on December 13, 2012
1063:on December 13, 2012
995:Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
968:(October 17, 2012).
170:Cretaceous–Paleogene
146:time series analysis
19:For other uses, see
4640:Blood moon prophecy
4433:Number of the Beast
4031:Holocene extinction
3977:Earth Overshoot Day
3925:Ocean acidification
3888:Habitat destruction
3878:Ecological collapse
3584:Kinetic bombardment
3519:Future of the Earth
3452:Observable universe
3249:Solar System models
3179:Protoplanetary disk
3102:Interstellar medium
3062:Frost/Ice/Snow line
1685:Richard A. Muller,
1676:Richard A. Muller,
1670:2001AcPPB..32.2271F
1510:. Discover magazine
1474:2013ApJ...773....6M
1421:2010ApJS..190....1R
1280:1916AJ.....29..181B
1204:1984Natur.308..715D
1154:1984Natur.308..713W
1023:2011ApJS..197...19K
976:on October 23, 2012
896:"Nemesis is a myth"
864:2010MNRAS.407L..99M
800:10.1038/nature03136
792:2004Natur.432..598K
701:2017MNRAS.469.3881S
600:1984PNAS...81..801R
370:astronomical survey
152:families of marine
104:astronomical survey
5046:Hypothetical stars
4955:Doomsday scenarios
4521:Beast of the Earth
4413:Book of Revelation
4201:Virtual black hole
4181:False vacuum decay
4131:Pollinator decline
4094:Biological warfare
4084:Biotechnology risk
3935:Resource depletion
3432:Virgo Supercluster
3413:Milky Way subgroup
3244:Natural satellites
3127:Nebular hypothesis
3107:Interstellar space
3097:Interstellar cloud
3005:Circumstellar disc
2595:Near-Earth objects
2479:names and meanings
1816:
1636:Robert Roy Britt,
1055:(August 2, 2011).
417:substellar objects
397:solar neighborhood
319:
239:apparent magnitude
117:from the Sun, the
5071:Extinction events
4965:
4964:
4796:Zombie apocalypse
4697:Postmillennialism
4492:Great Tribulation
4265:Stellar collision
4226:Near-Earth object
4176:Geomagnetic storm
4144:
4143:
4067:Biodiversity loss
4051:Genetic pollution
4005:
4004:
3794:Biodiversity loss
3757:Societal collapse
3735:Nuclear holocaust
3720:Economic collapse
3703:Doomsday argument
3621:Antimatter weapon
3474:
3473:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3292:Lagrangian points
3264:by discovery date
2862:Human spaceflight
2833:historical models
2726:
2725:
2351:S/2015 (136472) 1
1730:Nemesis is a myth
1305:Richard A. Muller
1239:Richard A. Muller
1198:(5961): 715–717.
1148:(5961): 713–715.
776:(7017): 598–602.
202:Richard A. Muller
166:extinction events
164:, identifying 12
73:geological record
5098:
5018:
5017:
5006:
5005:
5004:
4994:
4993:
4992:
4982:
4981:
4973:
4930:
4929:
4921:World portal
4919:
4918:
4880:Financial crisis
4709:Nibiru cataclysm
4687:Premillennialism
4531:Dhul-Suwayqatayn
4499:Son of perdition
4487:Olivet Discourse
4463:Whore of Babylon
4089:Biological agent
4036:Human extinction
4026:Extinction event
4014:
4013:
3985:Overexploitation
3915:Land consumption
3910:Land degradation
3777:
3776:
3639:Micro black hole
3547:Chemical warfare
3501:
3494:
3487:
3478:
3477:
3468:
3466:
3457:
3450:
3443:
3436:
3430:
3424:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3390:
3383:
3376:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3040:Exozodiacal dust
2730:
2729:
2696:Detached objects
1938:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1778:
1760:
1753:
1746:
1737:
1736:
1700:Z.K. Silagadze,
1673:
1663:
1661:astro-ph/0104251
1654:(7): 2271–2278.
1619:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1604:
1598:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1529:Perlmutter, Saul
1525:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1515:
1503:
1494:
1493:
1467:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1414:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1370:
1364:
1362:
1356:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1334:Davy Kirkpatrick
1329:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1313:
1301:
1292:
1291:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1235:
1224:
1223:
1212:10.1038/308715a0
1183:
1174:
1173:
1162:10.1038/308713a0
1137:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1122:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1097:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1016:
991:
985:
984:
982:
981:
962:
953:
952:
950:
949:
938:
929:
928:
926:
925:
913:
907:
906:
904:
903:
892:
886:
885:
875:
857:
833:
820:
819:
785:
783:astro-ph/0412030
765:
756:
755:
753:
752:
746:Business Insider
737:
731:
730:
712:
694:
685:(4): 3881–3900.
670:
664:
663:
661:
660:
645:
639:
638:
636:
634:
621:
611:
585:
576:
567:
566:308, 715 (1984).
556:
550:
549:
543:
535:
533:
532:
520:
501:
494:
464:Shiva hypothesis
174:Eocene–Oligocene
89:Shiva Hypothesis
5106:
5105:
5101:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5096:
5095:
5086:Cosmic doomsday
5026:
5025:
5024:
5012:
5002:
5000:
4990:
4988:
4976:
4968:
4966:
4961:
4940:Future problems
4913:
4904:
4838:
4807:
4774:Climate fiction
4740:
4615:2012 phenomenon
4598:
4504:Sheep and Goats
4391:2 Thessalonians
4269:
4186:Gamma-ray burst
4140:
4055:
4046:Genetic erosion
4001:
3971:
3962:Water pollution
3930:Ozone depletion
3826:Desertification
3766:
3681:
3616:Doomsday device
3596:Nuclear warfare
3535:
3510:
3505:
3475:
3470:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3434:
3428:
3422:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3381:
3374:
3359:
3357:
3347:
3345:
3335:
3333:
3320:
3311:
3275:
3212:
3196:vs. Hill sphere
3122:Molecular cloud
3050:Sample curation
3030:Detached object
2969:
2962:
2806:
2798:
2735:
2722:
2667:Neptune trojans
2450:
2448:
2446:
2439:
2381:
2074:
1945:
1927:
1813:
1776:
1769:
1764:
1713:(2001) 99–128.
1627:
1622:
1613:
1611:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1594:
1590:
1581:
1579:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1556:
1554:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1526:
1522:
1513:
1511:
1504:
1497:
1448:
1444:
1393:
1389:
1380:
1378:
1371:
1367:
1350:
1349:
1343:
1341:
1330:
1326:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1302:
1295:
1261:
1257:
1248:
1246:
1236:
1227:
1184:
1177:
1138:
1129:
1120:
1118:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1095:
1093:
1079:
1075:
1066:
1064:
1050:
1046:
992:
988:
979:
977:
963:
956:
947:
945:
940:
939:
932:
923:
921:
914:
910:
901:
899:
894:
893:
889:
848:(1): L99–L102.
834:
823:
766:
759:
750:
748:
738:
734:
671:
667:
658:
656:
647:
646:
642:
632:
630:
583:
577:
570:
557:
553:
537:
536:
530:
528:
521:
504:
495:
491:
487:
425:
376:or the planned
351:
311:
278:semi-major axis
186:
135:paleontologists
131:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5104:
5094:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5023:
5022:
5010:
4998:
4986:
4963:
4962:
4960:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4935:Apocalypticism
4924:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4846:
4844:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4815:
4813:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4805:
4804:
4803:
4793:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4779:Disaster films
4776:
4771:
4770:
4769:
4764:
4754:
4752:Alien invasion
4748:
4746:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4727:
4726:
4721:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4700:
4699:
4694:
4692:Amillennialism
4689:
4679:
4677:Millenarianism
4674:
4673:
4672:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4630:Apocalypticism
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4606:
4604:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4596:
4595:
4594:
4584:
4579:
4578:
4577:
4576:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4555:
4554:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4526:Dhu al-Qarnayn
4523:
4518:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4495:
4494:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4472:Great Apostasy
4469:
4468:
4467:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4410:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4398:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4372:
4371:
4361:
4351:
4346:
4345:
4344:
4339:
4329:
4319:
4317:Last Judgement
4314:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4290:
4279:
4277:
4275:Eschatological
4271:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4218:
4213:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4152:
4150:
4146:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4081:
4080:
4079:
4074:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4022:
4020:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3990:Overpopulation
3987:
3981:
3979:
3973:
3972:
3970:
3969:
3967:Water scarcity
3964:
3959:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3942:
3940:Sea level rise
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3903:on marine life
3900:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3858:Global warming
3855:
3850:
3848:Global dimming
3845:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3806:Cascade effect
3803:
3802:
3801:
3791:
3785:
3783:
3781:Climate change
3774:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3753:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3700:
3695:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3648:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3631:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3611:Doomsday Clock
3608:
3603:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3562:Cyberterrorism
3559:
3549:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3531:
3521:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3504:
3503:
3496:
3489:
3481:
3472:
3471:
3368:
3367:
3355:
3343:
3331:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3283:
3281:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3268:
3267:
3266:
3261:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3208:Scattered disc
3205:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3188:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2993:Excretion disk
2988:Accretion disk
2985:
2980:
2978:Star formation
2974:
2972:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2867:space stations
2859:
2858:
2857:
2852:
2842:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2740:
2738:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2706:Scattered disc
2703:
2698:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2538:
2537:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2493:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2455:
2453:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2397:
2391:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2355:
2354:
2353:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2149:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2084:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1951:
1949:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1763:
1762:
1755:
1748:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1727:
1724:
1723:. Apr 25, 2006
1717:
1698:
1696:Nemesis Theory
1692:
1683:
1674:
1643:
1634:
1626:
1625:External links
1623:
1621:
1620:
1599:
1588:
1563:
1538:
1520:
1495:
1442:
1387:
1365:
1332:Chris Gelino,
1324:
1293:
1288:10.1086/104156
1264:Barnard, E. E.
1255:
1225:
1175:
1127:
1102:
1082:David Morrison
1073:
1053:David Morrison
1044:
986:
966:David Morrison
954:
930:
908:
887:
821:
757:
732:
665:
640:
594:(3): 801–805.
568:
551:
502:
488:
486:
483:
482:
481:
476:
471:
469:Theia (planet)
466:
461:
456:
451:
449:Malmquist bias
446:
441:
436:
431:
424:
421:
350:
347:
310:
309:Orbit of Sedna
307:
259:Barnard's Star
216:companion star
185:
182:
130:
127:
123:David Morrison
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5103:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5009:
4999:
4997:
4987:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4974:
4971:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4950:Risk analysis
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4932:
4925:
4923:
4922:
4917:
4911:
4910:
4907:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4895:Social crisis
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4841:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4816:
4814:
4812:Organizations
4810:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4785:
4782:
4781:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4759:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4747:
4743:
4737:
4736:World to come
4734:
4732:
4729:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4716:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4682:Millennialism
4680:
4678:
4675:
4671:
4670:Messianic Age
4668:
4667:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4655:Gog and Magog
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4645:Earth Changes
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4593:
4590:
4589:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4559:
4556:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4509:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4482:New Jerusalem
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4458:War in Heaven
4456:
4454:
4453:Two witnesses
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4323:
4322:Second Coming
4320:
4318:
4315:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4298:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4147:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4058:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4012:
4008:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3821:Deforestation
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3769:
3763:
3762:World War III
3760:
3758:
3755:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3678:
3677:Transhumanism
3675:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3649:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3597:
3594:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3540:Technological
3538:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3513:
3509:
3502:
3497:
3495:
3490:
3488:
3483:
3482:
3479:
3469:
3460:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3433:
3427:
3421:
3414:
3407:
3400:
3393:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3366:
3356:
3354:
3344:
3342:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3308:
3307:Tidal locking
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3287:Double planet
3285:
3284:
3282:
3278:
3272:
3269:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3239:Minor planets
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3180:
3177:
3173:
3172:Merging stars
3170:
3169:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2965:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2846:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2805:
2801:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2774:Subsatellites
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2734:Hypothetical
2731:
2728:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2600:Asteroid belt
2598:
2596:
2593:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2474:Minor planets
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2442:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2315:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1943:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1891:
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1888:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1877:
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1874:
1870:
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1858:
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1847:
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1749:
1747:
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1728:
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1718:
1716:
1712:
1709:
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1704:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1592:
1578:on 2012-06-04
1577:
1573:
1567:
1553:on 2012-03-26
1552:
1548:
1542:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1509:
1502:
1500:
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1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1457:
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1446:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1391:
1376:
1369:
1360:
1354:
1340:. caltech.edu
1339:
1335:
1328:
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1300:
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1244:
1240:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1182:
1180:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1117:on 2014-03-12
1116:
1112:
1106:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1040:
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1024:
1020:
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1006:
1002:
1001:
996:
990:
975:
971:
967:
961:
959:
943:
937:
935:
919:
912:
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330:Michael Brown
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255:proper motion
252:
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247:star catalogs
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228:impact events
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188:Two teams of
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158:invertebrates
155:
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142:Jack Sepkoski
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77:binary system
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5066:Brown dwarfs
5036:Solar System
4912:
4855:Cyberwarfare
4703:
4573:Third Temple
4428:Lake of fire
4238:Rogue planet
4206:Impact event
4196:Proton decay
4149:Astronomical
4099:Bioterrorism
3945:Supervolcano
3843:Flood basalt
3789:Anoxic event
3698:Collapsology
3686:Sociological
3557:Cyberwarfare
3463:Each arrow (
3385:Local Bubble
3371:Solar System
3369:
3162:Planetesimal
3117:Kuiper cliff
2845:Space probes
2818:Colonization
2748:
2657:Kirkwood gap
2578:Saturn Moons
2491:Planetesimal
1955:Terrestrials
1920:
1913:
1906:
1899:
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1878:
1871:
1844:
1767:Solar System
1719:SpaceDaily.
1714:
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1602:
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657:. Retrieved
655:. 2017-06-13
652:
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591:
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563:
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529:. Retrieved
492:
413:
393:WISE mission
382:
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320:
303:
299:eccentricity
295:passing star
275:
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232:
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132:
108:
82:
42:hypothetical
37:
36:
5008:Outer space
4996:Spaceflight
4931:Categories
4900:Survivalism
4587:Zoroastrian
4443:Seven seals
4438:Seven bowls
4364:Historicism
4260:Solar flare
4136:Overfishing
4111:Defaunation
3898:coral reefs
3660:AI takeover
3579:Nanoweapons
3567:Cybergeddon
3552:Cyberattack
3426:Local Sheet
3420:Local Group
3203:Rubble pile
3191:Roche limit
3186:Ring system
3137:Outer space
3112:Kuiper belt
3082:Hill sphere
3077:Hills cloud
3025:Debris disk
3020:Cosmic dust
2804:Exploration
2759:Planet Nine
2744:Fifth giant
2718:Hills cloud
2679:Kuiper belt
2650:exceptional
2566:Trojan camp
1405:(1): 1–42.
1377:. Space.com
1014:1108.4677v1
944:. WISE/NASA
920:. Space.com
454:Planet Nine
405:light-years
389:brown dwarf
339:Planet Nine
243:brown dwarf
190:astronomers
154:vertebrates
115:light-years
61:light-years
49:brown dwarf
32:Planet Nine
5081:Oort cloud
5030:Categories
4860:Depression
4850:Ransomware
4665:Messianism
4635:Armageddon
4620:Apocalypse
4408:Antichrist
4396:Man of sin
4293:Three Ages
4156:Big Crunch
4018:Extinction
4010:Biological
3772:Ecological
3644:Strangelet
3445:Local Hole
3392:Gould Belt
3132:Oort cloud
2968:Formation,
2958:Deep space
2794:Vulcanoids
2711:Oort cloud
2635:first 1000
2571:Greek camp
2469:Meteoroids
2464:Damocloids
2410:Charikloan
1614:2022-03-28
1582:2012-03-15
1557:2011-06-15
1514:2011-10-20
1381:2012-12-28
1344:2012-12-28
1318:2011-11-11
1249:2007-05-19
1121:2014-03-15
1096:2011-11-09
1067:2011-10-22
980:2012-10-18
948:2007-12-28
924:2010-08-22
902:2011-10-07
751:2018-06-19
692:1705.00049
659:2018-06-19
531:2010-05-15
485:References
374:Pan-STARRS
224:Oort cloud
206:hypotheses
194:Marc Davis
162:protozoans
138:David Raup
65:Oort cloud
4745:Fictional
4592:Saoshyant
4477:New Earth
4448:The Beast
4381:Preterism
4354:Christian
4310:Kali Yuga
4255:Micronova
4250:Hypernova
4116:Dysgenics
3957:Verneshot
3863:Hypercane
3606:Dead Hand
3406:Milky Way
3399:Orion Arm
3167:Formation
3152:Migration
3147:Disrupted
3015:Coatlicue
2983:Accretion
2970:evolution
2916:Asteroids
2828:astronomy
2823:Discovery
2684:Cubewanos
2605:Asteroids
2435:Quaoarian
2425:Neptunian
2415:Chironean
2400:Saturnian
2182:Enceladus
1465:1307.1884
1412:1007.0414
1243:"Nemesis"
1007:(2): 19.
855:1007.0437
727:119341787
719:0035-8711
385:red dwarf
291:perturbed
235:red dwarf
133:In 1984,
45:red dwarf
5051:Theories
4885:Pandemic
4870:Epidemic
4865:Droughts
4719:Prewrath
4650:End time
4516:Al-Qa'im
4401:Katechon
4386:2 Esdras
4376:Idealism
4359:Futurism
4288:Maitreya
4283:Buddhist
4126:Pandemic
3574:Gray goo
3459:Universe
3297:Moonlets
2877:programs
2850:timeline
2838:timeline
2769:Planet X
2764:Planet V
2701:Sednoids
2689:Plutinos
2662:Centaurs
2640:families
2375:Dysnomia
2363:Xiangliu
2358:Gonggong
2346:Makemake
2305:Kerberos
2192:Hyperion
2130:Callisto
2125:Ganymede
2058:Gonggong
2053:Makemake
1908:Gonggong
1901:Makemake
1531:(1986).
1490:15985292
1458:(1): 6.
1353:cite web
1307:(2002).
1039:16850733
808:15577903
633:30 April
540:cite web
423:See also
401:parallax
334:Discover
301:of 0.7.
251:parallax
237:with an
198:Piet Hut
5020:Science
4970:Portals
4945:Hazards
4843:General
4714:Rapture
4563:Messiah
4551:Sufyani
4541:Israfil
4511:Islamic
4349:Messiah
4327:1 Enoch
4161:Big Rip
3873:Ecocide
3868:Ice age
3280:Related
3259:by size
2948:Neptune
2933:Jupiter
2884:Mercury
2809:outline
2754:Phaeton
2749:Nemesis
2736:objects
2588:Neptune
2561:Jupiter
2541:Trojans
2534:Neptune
2519:Jupiter
2499:Mercury
2430:Haumean
2420:Uranian
2402: (
2322:Hiʻiaka
2256:Proteus
2246:Neptune
2234:Miranda
2224:Umbriel
2214:Titania
2202:all 146
2167:Iapetus
2120:Jupiter
2014:Neptune
1992:Jupiter
1960:Mercury
1942:Planets
1867:Neptune
1852:Jupiter
1825:Mercury
1688:Nemesis
1666:Bibcode
1470:Bibcode
1417:Bibcode
1276:Bibcode
1220:4267612
1200:Bibcode
1170:4236610
1150:Bibcode
1019:Bibcode
882:7911150
860:Bibcode
816:4427211
788:Bibcode
697:Bibcode
628:6583680
596:Bibcode
286:aphelia
222:in the
111:kelvins
71:in the
38:Nemesis
4875:Famine
4801:Zombie
4603:Others
4558:Jewish
4536:Dajjal
4418:Events
4332:Daniel
4233:winter
4060:Others
3950:winter
3750:winter
3745:famine
3740:cobalt
3454:
3447:
3440:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3380:
3373:
3302:Syzygy
3224:Comets
3157:System
3142:Planet
3035:EXCEDE
2943:Uranus
2938:Saturn
2928:Comets
2921:mining
2899:mining
2789:Vulcan
2630:active
2625:Hygiea
2620:Pallas
2583:Uranus
2529:Uranus
2524:Saturn
2459:Comets
2451:bodies
2449:System
2395:Jovian
2339:Weywot
2334:Quaoar
2327:Namaka
2317:Haumea
2290:Charon
2266:all 16
2261:Nereid
2251:Triton
2239:all 28
2219:Oberon
2209:Uranus
2197:Phoebe
2177:Tethys
2152:Saturn
2145:all 95
2140:Europa
2113:Deimos
2108:Phobos
2087:Earth
2048:Quaoar
2043:Haumea
2023:Dwarfs
2009:Uranus
1997:Saturn
1982:Giants
1947:dwarfs
1894:Quaoar
1887:Haumea
1862:Uranus
1857:Saturn
1488:
1437:368553
1435:
1218:
1192:Nature
1168:
1142:Nature
1037:
880:
814:
806:
770:Nature
725:
717:
626:
619:344925
616:
564:Nature
409:Saturn
391:, the
220:comets
211:Nature
200:, and
160:, and
150:fossil
4984:Stars
4890:Riots
4582:Norse
4546:Mahdi
4305:Kalki
4300:Hindu
3630:(EMP)
3217:Lists
2953:Pluto
2911:Ceres
2889:Venus
2784:Tyche
2779:Theia
2615:Vesta
2610:Ceres
2551:Earth
2546:Venus
2509:Earth
2504:Venus
2484:moons
2447:Solar
2445:Small
2404:Rhean
2387:Rings
2300:Hydra
2285:Pluto
2278:Vanth
2273:Orcus
2229:Ariel
2187:Mimas
2172:Dione
2157:Titan
2080:Moons
2068:Sedna
2038:Pluto
2033:Orcus
2028:Ceres
1970:Earth
1965:Venus
1922:Sedna
1880:Pluto
1873:Orcus
1846:Ceres
1835:Earth
1830:Venus
1656:arXiv
1486:S2CID
1460:arXiv
1433:S2CID
1407:arXiv
1312:(PDF)
1216:S2CID
1166:S2CID
1035:S2CID
1009:arXiv
878:S2CID
850:arXiv
812:S2CID
778:arXiv
723:S2CID
687:arXiv
584:(PDF)
387:or a
367:2MASS
326:Sedna
282:Hydra
267:solar
101:2MASS
59:(1.5
40:is a
28:Tyche
2906:Mars
2894:Moon
2872:list
2855:list
2556:Mars
2514:Mars
2370:Eris
2310:Styx
2162:Rhea
2103:Mars
2091:Moon
2063:Eris
1975:Mars
1915:Eris
1840:Mars
1359:link
804:PMID
715:ISSN
635:2007
624:PMID
546:link
378:LSST
363:IRAS
321:The
172:and
140:and
97:IRAS
2645:PHA
2295:Nix
2004:Ice
1987:Gas
1820:Sun
1711:B32
1652:B32
1478:doi
1456:773
1425:doi
1403:190
1284:doi
1208:doi
1196:308
1158:doi
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1027:doi
1005:197
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796:doi
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