1014:. The CIA took on a more distinct MASINT responsibility in 1987. The National Security Archive commented, "In 1987, Deputy Director for Science and Technology Evan Hineman established ... a new Office for Special Projects. concerned not with satellites, but with emplaced sensors – sensors that could be placed in a fixed location to collect signals intelligence or measurement and signature intelligence (MASINT) about a specific target. Such sensors had been used to monitor Chinese missile tests, Soviet laser activity, military movements, and foreign nuclear programs. The office was established to bring together scientists from the DS&T’s Office of SIGINT Operations, who designed such systems, with operators from the Directorate of Operations, who were responsible for transporting the devices to their clandestine locations and installing them."
557:
423:, consolidated the CIA, the OPC and the OSO in 1952, the Eisenhower administration began narrowing the CIA's latitude in 1954. In accordance with a series of National Security Council directives, the Director of Central Intelligence's responsibility for the conduct of covert operations was further clarified. President Eisenhower approved NSC 5412 on March 15, 1954, reaffirming the CIA's responsibility for conducting covert actions abroad". A series of committees, containing representatives from State, Defense, the CIA, and sometimes the White House or NSC, reviewed operations. Over time and reorganizations, these committees were called the
83:
43:
813:. SAD operatives are the most specialized because they combine the best special operations and clandestine intelligence capabilities in one individual. They operate in any environment (sea, air, or ground), with limited to no support. They originate in the SAD's Special Operations Group (SOG), considered one of the most elite special operations units in the world.
754:"oversee and facilitate the collection, evaluation, classification, and dissemination of foreign intelligence developed from clandestine sources." They ensure that "foreign intelligence collected by clandestine sources is relevant, timely, and addresses the highest foreign policy and national security needs."
985:
for nuclear information, the CIA may work to place technical collection equipment in denied territory. They have also cooperated in placing such equipment into U.S. embassies. Emplacing and servicing such equipment is another form of clandestine operation, of which the adversary should not be aware.
404:
As the Truman administration ended, CIA was near the peak of its independence and authority in the field of covert action. Although CIA continued to seek and receive advice on specific projects ... no group or officer outside of the DCI and the
President himself had authority to order, approve,
369:
below. To implement covert actions under NSC 10/2, the OPC was created on
September 1, 1948. Its initial structure had it taking guidance from the State Department in peacetime and from the military in wartime, initially had direct access to the State Department and to the military without having to
968:
CIA's Office of
Research and Development was formed to stimulate research and innovation testing leading to the exploitation of non-agent intelligence collection methods. ... All non-agent technical collection systems will be considered by this office and those appropriate for field deployment
624:
Various groups provide support services, such as cover documentation and disguise. A technical services unit, sometimes in the clandestine division and occasionally in the
Directorate of Science and Technology, contained both espionage equipment development and sometimes questionable research, such
498:
and were ill-suited for targeting non-state actors such as terrorist organizations. The
Commission also noted that HUMINT operations were poorly coordinated between the various federal entities who conducted them and encouraged the development of better methods of validating human sources, in light
343:
NSC 10/2 directed the CIA to conduct "covert" rather than merely "psychological" operations, defining them as all activities "which are conducted or sponsored by this
Government against hostile foreign states or groups or in support of friendly foreign states or groups but which are so planned and
770:
consist of a diverse group of "information resource officers, language officers, paramilitary operations officers, programs and plans officers, and targeting officers—many of which are core collector certified." SSOs conduct and/or directly support CIA operations leveraging their language, media,
890:
National
Security Council Intelligence Directive No. 5 (NSCID 5) provides that: "The Director of Central Intelligence shall conduct all organized Federal espionage operations outside the United States and its possessions for the collection of foreign intelligence information required to meet the
717:
For special operations missions and its other responsibilities, the
Special Operations staff attempts to recruit people with the requisite specialized skills, although geographic desks remain the principal units involved in the recruitment of personnel in so-called denied areas (such as
838:
is defined as "an activity or activities of the United States government to influence political, economic, or military conditions abroad, where it is intended that the role of the United States
Government will not be apparent or acknowledged publicly". A covert operation differs from a
490:'s Chairman, drafted the 9/11 National Security Protection Act in which he proposed that the Directorate of Operations be removed from the CIA and established as an independent agency known as the National Clandestine Service (NCS). The NCS' creation was also recommended by the
440:
824:'Perform a critical and dynamic function within the NCS, the Language Officer applies advanced foreign language skills, experience, and expertise to provide high-quality translation, interpretation, and language-related support for a variety of NCS clandestine operations.
969:
will be so deployed. The Agency's missile detection system, Project based on backscatter radar is an example. This office will also provide integrated systems analysis of all possible collection methods against the Soviet antiballistic missile program is an example.
370:
proceed through the CIA's administrative hierarchy, provided the
Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) was informed of all important projects and decisions. In 1950 this arrangement was modified to ensure that policy guidance came to OPC through the DCI. During the
358:] groups, and support of indigenous anti-Communist elements in threatened countries of the free world. Such operations should not include armed conflict by recognized military forces, espionage, counter-espionage, and cover and deception for military operations.
944:
The Agency also may be responsible for developing communications systems appropriate for clandestine operations. In 1962, the Central Intelligence Agency, Deputy Directorate for Research (now the Deputy Directorate for Science and Technology), formally took on
315:
document 4-A of December 1947, the launching of peacetime covert action operations. NSC 4-A made the Director of Central Intelligence responsible for psychological warfare, establishing at the same time the principle that covert action was an exclusively
656:
Administrated by the DO, the paramilitary operations officers from the Special Operations Group are maintained in the Special Activities Center. They are highly skilled in weaponry; covert transport of personnel and material by air, sea, and land;
665:
techniques. They are prepared to respond quickly to myriad possible needs, from parachute drops and communications support to assistance with counter-narcotics operations and defector infiltration. SAC maintains a symbiotic relationship with the
1033:
staff has biographical indexes that let them check the background of foreign citizens offering information. For example, there may be a name check on a business or scientific contact who meets either with CIA representatives or staff of the
351:
propaganda; economic warfare; preventive direct action, including sabotage, demolition and evacuation measures; subversion against hostile states, including assistance to underground resistance movements, guerrillas and refugee liberations
397:, which was created by a Pentagon unit called the Psychological Warfare Division. "NSC 10/5, issued in October 1951, reaffirmed the covert action mandate given in NSC 10/2 and expanded CIA's authority over guerrilla warfare" The incoming
306:
Approval of clandestine and covert operations came from a variety of committees, although in the early days of quasi-autonomous offices and the early DDP, there was more internal authority to approve operations. After its creation in the
1046:
The Directorate has been subject to harsh criticism in the media, and due to its covert and independent nature did not, or could not, effectively respond. Its capabilities had been in decline since the public outcry resulting from the
1194:
2194:
381:
in early 1951 asked the NSC for enhanced policy guidance and a ruling on the proper "scope and magnitude" of CIA operations. The White House responded with two initiatives. In April 1951 President Truman created the
819:
devise, oversee and carry out a variety of particularly unique, complex and long-term clandestine operational activities primarily of a non-paramilitary nature, but often in support of paramilitary programs.
536:
The CIA announced the NCS' creation in a press release on October 13, 2005. Contrary to Senator Roberts' proposal, the NCS would be a component of the CIA, rather than an independent executive branch agency.
2460:
926:
makes the written determination to waive this restriction based on the "overriding national security interest of the United States". In the Intelligence Authorization Act for the Fiscal Year 2002,
1736:
1320:
775:
Officers in this career track will directly support and drive complex worldwide NCS operations to develop actionable intelligence against the highest priority threats to U.S. national security.
1491:
344:
executed that any US Government responsibility for them is not evident to unauthorized persons and that if uncovered the US Government can plausibly disclaim any responsibility for them".
1202:
279:, and for several geographic desks responsible for the collection of foreign intelligence. On March 1, 1973, DDP became the Directorate of Operations and the director became known as the
1022:
In addition they may produce HUMINT from overt sources, such as voluntary interviews with travelers, businesspeople, etc. Some of the latter may be considered open source intelligence
930:
instructed the CIA's director to rescind what Congress viewed as overly restrictive guidelines regarding the recruitment of foreign assets who had a record of human rights violations.
2329:
1527:
533:, and former General Counsel for the CIA and the NSA Elizabeth Rindskopf Parker, issued a report, first in 1997 and in an updated form in 2002, which recommended the NCS' creation.
340:, pressed to reopen the issue of where responsibility for covert action activities should reside. Consequently, on June 18, 1948, a new NSC directive, NSC 10/2, superseded NSC 4-A.
748:
Formerly "operations officers," focus full-time on "clandestinely spotting, assessing, developing, recruiting, and handling individuals with access to vital foreign intelligence."
922:
Very few statutes and publicly available regulations deal specifically with clandestine HUMINT techniques. One such statute forbids the use of journalists as agents unless the
2574:
2531:
771:
technical skills and/or military experience. Qualified candidates can expect to focus on human intelligence operations and activities as defined by the intelligence community.
448:
2125:
237:(OPC). There was operational overlap between the two CIA departments, even though OSO was focused on intelligence collection whereas OPC was more focused on covert action.
1714:
1692:
1161:
336:. The Department of State, believing this role too important to be left to the CIA alone and concerned that the military might create a new rival covert action office in
883:
states, "The Director of the Central Intelligence Agency shall coordinate the clandestine collection of foreign intelligence collected through human sources such as '
260:(DDP). The Directorate of Plans used the abbreviation of its chief. According to John Prados, the name was intended to disguise the true function of the Directorate.
2375:
850:
for a more general discussion of U.S. psychological operations, including those operations for which the CIA is responsible and those that belong to other agencies.
401:
soon abolished the PSB, but the expansion of the CIA's covert action writ in NSC 10/5 helped ensure that covert action would remain a major function of the Agency.
891:
needs of all Departments and Agencies concerned, in connection with the national security, except for certain agreed activities by other Departments and Agencies."
374:, the OPC grew quickly. Wartime commitments and other missions soon made covert action the most expensive and bureaucratically prominent of the CIA's activities.
212:
arm of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the national authority for the coordination, de-confliction, and evaluation of clandestine operations across the
2551:
2579:
2569:
1836:
685:
487:
444:
328:
Initially, the supervision by committee allowed the OPC to exercise early use of its new covert action mandate dissatisfied officials at the Departments of
2435:
467:
capabilities, ranging from the lack of qualified linguists to the lack of Community-wide information sharing. These efforts resulted in the passage of the
2630:
778:
Qualified candidates can expect to focus on intelligence operations and activities for U.S. policymakers in hazardous and austere overseas environments.
267:
and recruited foreign agents. DDP consisted of, among other subdivisions, a unit for political and economic covert action (the Covert Action Staff), for
1744:
256:
who wrote a history of the CIA, that was merely a cosmetic change, and it was only on August 1, 1952, that OPC and OSO were properly merged to form the
2541:
2455:
1670:
1648:
1328:
2118:
730:, et cetera). Special operations also provide special air, ground, maritime and training support for the Agency's intelligence gathering operations.
2450:
1502:
698:
468:
1626:
1466:"Unclassified Version of the Report of the Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction"
1056:
2526:
692:
2561:
2387:
2088:
1216:
1806:
1181:
2635:
2625:
2367:
1535:
2681:
2440:
2341:
2111:
464:
414:
17:
877:
By federal statute, the CIA's director is tasked with the collection of intelligence through human sources and by other appropriate means.
427:(OCB), NSC 5412/2 Special Group or simply Special Group, Special Group (Augmented), 303 Committee, and Special Group (Counterinsurgency).
2584:
2521:
520:
476:
146:
2599:
2490:
741:
Below are brief descriptions of the four principal categories and where applicable the sub-categories of Clandestine Service Officers.
1195:"Unclassified Version of March 6, 2015 Message to the Workforce from CIA Director John Brennan: Our Agency's Blueprint for the Future"
2480:
916:
1026:
and be performed by other agencies, just as reports from diplomats are another form of HUMINT that flows into the State Department.
2615:
2379:
2189:
1079:
847:
662:
618:
510:
1769:
936:(also referred to as "The Farm"), near Williamsburg, Virginia, is purportedly a CIA training facility for clandestine operatives.
2495:
2485:
2363:
2201:
810:
312:
1722:
1700:
1990:
1408:
1151:
794:
764:, and "plan, guide and support intelligence collection operations, counterintelligence activities and covert action programs."
2594:
2184:
1075:
548:
317:
137:
2676:
2430:
2142:
2134:
1131:
460:
365:
was outside this statement of scope, but such operations came under partial CIA control with NSC 10/5 of October 1951. See
213:
2345:
2297:
2153:
1876:
1776:
1602:
1064:
333:
1912:
957:
The consolidation of the ELINT program was one of the major goals of the reorganization ... it is responsible for:
2620:
2391:
982:
973:
Sometimes in cooperation with technical personnel at other agencies such as the NSA when the collection discipline is
843:
in that emphasis is placed on concealment of the identity of the sponsor rather than on concealment of the operation.
2470:
2420:
2408:
2301:
2241:
1580:
1465:
1304:
1068:
705:
527:
472:
394:
329:
2425:
2179:
2097:
1347:
667:
238:
1844:
992:
Research, development, testing, and production of ELINT and COMINT collection equipment for all Agency operations.
2589:
1060:
1035:
578:
441:
Joint Inquiry into Intelligence Community Activities before and after the Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001
961:
ELINT support peculiar to the penetration problems associated with the Agent's reconnaissance program under NRO.
805:
may be either a military or intelligence operation, these usually are executed by SAD officers in denied areas.
494:. The Commission's investigation found that HUMINT capabilities had been severely degraded since the end of the
2206:
923:
556:
2536:
2445:
711:
642:
424:
311:, the CIA was, initially, the financial manager for OPC and OSO, authorized to handle "unvouchered funds" by
234:
1678:
1656:
2640:
2251:
1116:
653:; paramilitary and psychological functions have split and joined under various historical reorganizations.
491:
383:
2309:
2166:
2161:
2058:
2029:
1531:
1365:
1324:
1198:
1177:
1121:
1101:
782:
517:
190:
159:
142:
31:
1011:
479:
with developing a "strategy for improving the human intelligence and other capabilities of the Agency."
2505:
2233:
2221:
1634:
1106:
583:
420:
492:
Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction
2500:
2319:
2246:
1254:
638:
606:
506:
Beginning its study of the Intelligence Community in 1995, a non-governmental group including former
2174:
1274:
1224:
169:
2655:
2272:
2216:
2211:
1814:
1370:
798:
786:
646:
507:
2645:
2353:
1156:
230:
1863:
Title 50, United States Code, Section 413b Presidential approval and reporting of covert actions
1366:"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1945–1950, Emergence of the Intelligence Establishment"
856:
bans assassinations by persons employed by or acting on behalf of the United States government.
641:(SAC), there is a paramilitary function that may enter and prepare an area of operations before
1111:
1051:'s revelations of the DO's highly questionable activities. Furthermore, the DO fought frequent
927:
802:
452:
252:(DDP) where he would supervise the two entities. According to Anne Karalekas, a staffer of the
229:
The Directorate of Plans was originally conceived to solve organizational rivalry between the
1296:
887:' or other human-enabled means and counterintelligence activities outside the United States."
880:
853:
840:
513:
500:
295:
209:
1444:
1030:
678:
610:
436:
398:
1770:"Joint Publication 1-02 Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms"
1393:
Warner, Michael, ed. (October 23, 1951). "NSC 10/5, Scope and Pace of Covert Operations".
8:
2256:
378:
276:
241:
2062:
2033:
56:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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2103:
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A number of statutes, executive orders, and directives assign the task of conducting
658:
362:
291:
264:
82:
2195:
Joint Functional Component Command for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance
2001:
1419:
1972:
1894:
1858:
1091:
1048:
884:
835:
761:
650:
530:
523:
253:
2093:
386:(PSB) under the NSC to coordinate government-wide psychological warfare strategy.
1607:
456:
308:
2334:
2266:
1096:
894:
Intelligence Community Directive Number 340 designates the CIA as the National
613:. It was the principal U.S. organization responsible for vetting potential new
560:
Organizational chart of the National Clandestine Service according to the book
1612:
2670:
2262:
2063:"Organization chart, mission and functions of the Office of Special Projects"
1930:
1916:
790:
995:
Technical operation and maintenance of CIA deployed non-agent ELINT systems.
2650:
2546:
337:
287:
268:
245:
1951:
1469:
1152:"WSJ News Exclusive | CIA Names David Marlowe to Run Espionage Operations"
846:
Covert operations include paramilitary and psychological activities. See
483:
1409:"Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, Section 1011"
1556:
1071:
departments. These factors became key reasons for the NCS's inception.
933:
912:
371:
688:(also known as DEVGRU, NSWDG or SEAL Team Six and previously Mob-Six)
964:
Maintain a quick reaction capability for ELINT and COMINT equipment.
1492:"Moderning Intelligence: Structure and Change for the 21st Century"
495:
645:
enter in a more overt military role. This may or may not include
626:
170:
https://www.cia.gov/about/organization/#directorate-of-operations
1029:
At times, this function may be assigned to the CIA, because its
301:
978:
974:
950:
908:
895:
870:
457:
National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States
1352:
Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968, Volume XXIV
1023:
946:
719:
701:(also known as I.S.A., The Activity and previously Gray Fox)
2057:
2028:
1173:
1171:
915:. A discussion of many of these techniques can be found at
727:
723:
286:
The Directorate also housed special groups for conducting
661:; the use of explosives; assassination and sabotage; and
354:
2133:
1168:
738:
The DO consists of four career categories of officers:
408:
2552:
National Museum of Intelligence and Special Operations
1938:
National Security Council Intelligence Directive No. 5
1501:. National Institute for Public Policy. Archived from
393:
organization paralleled the military's development of
1348:"U.S. Covert Actions and Counter-Insurgency Programs"
801:, the latter also known as "covert influence". While
797:(e.g. training and leading guerrillas), and deniable
686:
United States Naval Special Warfare Development Group
568:
The DO is structured under its director as follows:
244:
attempted to ameliorate the situation by appointing
1998:
Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2002
1528:"Establishment of the National Clandestine Service"
939:
347:NSC 10/2 defined the scope of these operations as:
2542:Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System
263:The Directorate was the CIA branch that conducted
1004:Data reduction of Agency-collected ELINT signals.
998:Training and maintenance of agent ELINT equipment
2668:
2451:Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity
2436:National Counterintelligence and Security Center
1342:
1340:
1338:
1001:Technical support to the Third Party Agreements.
859:
699:United States Army Intelligence Support Activity
596:Deputy Director of the NCS for Community HUMINT
469:Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act
449:House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
2527:Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency
1392:
693:1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta
430:
419:After Smith, who was Eisenhower's World War II
2388:Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence
1499:Modernizing Intelligence: January 2002 Edition
1293:Safe for Democracy: The Secret Wars of the CIA
2119:
1573:Master of Disguise: My Secret Life in the CIA
1335:
1217:"Mission of the National Clandestine Service"
907:Techniques for the clandestine collection of
695:(also known as Delta Force, A.C.E. or C.A.G.)
670:, and is largely run by former JSOC members.
588:Regional & Transnational Issues Divisions
499:of the revelations about the source known as
302:Approval of clandestine and covert operations
2441:Cyber Threat Intelligence Integration Center
2342:DEA Office of National Security Intelligence
981:, or other appropriate agencies such as the
632:
415:Oversight of United States covert operations
2585:Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board
2522:Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence
2232:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1244:
1242:
471:in 2004, which created the position of the
248:on January 4, 1951, to the new position of
214:Intelligence Community of the United States
147:Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
2126:
2112:
2024:
2022:
1251:History of the Central Intelligence Agency
81:
1764:
1762:
1452:9-11 Act National Security Protection Act
1248:
1059:bureaucracies, most prominently with the
917:Clandestine HUMINT operational techniques
459:, identified serious shortcomings in the
2616:Contingency Fund for Foreign Intercourse
2190:National Center for Medical Intelligence
1959:Intelligence Community Directive No. 304
1877:"E.O. 12333 (2.11) Ban on Assassination"
1779:. July 12, 2007. JP 1-02. Archived from
1589:
1561:
1286:
1284:
1239:
1080:2005 CIA interrogation tapes destruction
1012:MASINT from clandestinely placed sensors
848:Psychological Operations (United States)
619:offensive counterespionage and deception
555:
551:for a full list of directors since 1951.
323:
27:US clandestine intelligence organization
2580:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court
2491:President's Intelligence Advisory Board
2202:National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
2051:
2019:
1798:
1386:
1164:from the original on February 13, 2023.
445:Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
14:
2669:
2242:Army Intelligence and Security Command
1804:
1759:
1600:
1567:
1358:
1290:
977:, or the DIA when the techniques come
677:force, along with the military's five
637:Under an assortment of names, such as
2595:Information Security Oversight Office
2330:Directorate of Science and Technology
2185:Missile and Space Intelligence Center
2107:
1991:"Intelligence Authorization Act 2002"
1281:
760:are based out of CIA headquarters in
752:Collection management officers (CMO)
605:A major headquarters element was the
549:Deputy Director of CIA for Operations
138:Deputy Director of CIA for Operations
2532:National Security Division (Justice)
2456:Joint Intelligence Community Council
2431:National Counterproliferation Center
2135:United States Intelligence Community
1805:Waller, Douglas (January 25, 2003).
1601:Waller, Douglas (February 3, 2003).
1557:https://irp.fas.org/cia/orgchart.pdf
1132:United States Intelligence Community
1112:William Joseph ("Wild Bill") Donovan
809:are chosen mainly from the ranks of
599:Community HUMINT Coordination Center
409:Increasing control by CIA management
377:Concerned about this situation, DCI
36:
2682:United States intelligence agencies
2376:Office of Intelligence and Analysis
2364:Office of Intelligence and Analysis
2298:Bureau of Intelligence and Research
1913:"Executive Order 12333, as amended"
1777:United States Department of Defense
1575:. William Morrow and Company, Inc.
1149:
1078:was criticized for his role in the
781:The NCS' primary action arm is the
579:Mission Center for Counterterrorism
389:Putting special operations under a
24:
2621:Counterintelligence Field Activity
2537:Army Intelligence Support Activity
1534:. October 13, 2005. Archived from
1374:. pp. Document 292, Section 5
1249:Karalekas, Anne (April 23, 1976).
25:
2693:
2421:Director of National Intelligence
2094:"US setting up new spying agency"
2082:
1737:"Paramilitary Operations Officer"
789:-like raids, ambushes, sabotage,
768:Specialized skills officers (SSO)
706:Regimental Reconnaissance Company
528:Director of National Intelligence
473:Director of National Intelligence
2426:National Counterterrorism Center
2180:National Intelligence University
2098:British Broadcasting Corporation
940:Clandestine technical collection
829:
807:Paramilitary Operations Officers
758:Staff operations officers (SOO)
668:Joint Special Operations Command
239:Director of Central Intelligence
41:
2590:Office of Management and Budget
1983:
1965:
1944:
1923:
1905:
1887:
1869:
1851:
1829:
1729:
1707:
1685:
1671:"Collection Management Officer"
1663:
1641:
1619:
1550:
1520:
1484:
1458:
1437:
1401:
1201:. March 6, 2015. Archived from
1061:Federal Bureau of Investigation
1036:National Open Source Enterprise
1017:
572:Deputy Director for Operations
540:
405:manage, or curtail operations.
224:
2631:Military Intelligence Division
2207:National Reconnaissance Office
2034:"Deputy Director for Research"
1397:. Central Intelligence Agency.
1313:
1209:
1187:
1143:
1041:
811:U.S. special operations forces
733:
367:"Psychological Strategy Board"
281:Deputy Director for Operations
201:from 1973 to 2005; and as the
109:(English: "To Know the Truth")
98:1951 (as Directorate of Plans)
13:
1:
2636:Military Intelligence Service
2626:Military Information Division
2570:Senate Intelligence Committee
2446:National Intelligence Council
1137:
860:Clandestine HUMINT collection
712:24th Special Tactics Squadron
643:U.S. Special Operation Forces
575:Counterproliferation Division
562:The US Intelligence Community
488:Senate Intelligence Committee
425:Operations Coordinating Board
235:Office of Policy Coordination
2641:Office of Strategic Services
2600:Intelligence Oversight Board
2575:House Intelligence Committee
2252:Office of Naval Intelligence
2089:National Clandestine Service
1977:Title 50, United States Code
1117:Office of Strategic Services
609:, most powerful when led by
591:Technology Support Divisions
431:National Clandestine Service
384:Psychological Strategy Board
231:Office of Special Operations
203:National Clandestine Service
185:), less formally called the
18:National Clandestine Service
7:
2677:Central Intelligence Agency
2310:Central Intelligence Agency
2167:Defense Clandestine Service
2162:Defense Intelligence Agency
2059:Central Intelligence Agency
2030:Central Intelligence Agency
1697:Headquarters-based Officers
1532:Central Intelligence Agency
1325:Central Intelligence Agency
1199:Central Intelligence Agency
1178:Central Intelligence Agency
1102:Defense Clandestine Service
1085:
518:Defense Intelligence Agency
191:Central Intelligence Agency
189:, is a component of the US
160:Central Intelligence Agency
32:Defense Clandestine Service
10:
2698:
2261:Space Force Intelligence (
2222:Special Collection Service
2171:Defense Debriefing Service
1719:Headquarters-based Officer
1693:"Staff Operations Officer"
1631:Clandestine Service Fields
1627:"NCS Career Opportunities"
1395:The CIA Under Harry Truman
1184:, Retrieved: July 9, 2015.
1107:Special Collection Service
911:are collectively known as
817:Program and Plans Officers
710:United States Air Force's
584:Counterintelligence Center
526:, former DIA Director and
412:
219:
197:from 1951 to 1973; as the
29:
2608:
2560:
2514:
2501:Homeland Security Advisor
2496:Homeland Security Council
2486:National Security Council
2481:National Security Advisor
2469:
2461:Chief Information Officer
2407:
2320:Special Activities Center
2315:Directorate of Operations
2290:
2247:Marine Corps Intelligence
2152:
2141:
1321:"CIA Celebrates 60 Years"
1182:Careers & Internships
1122:Special Activities Center
783:Special Activities Center
639:Special Activities Center
633:Special Activities Center
607:Counterintelligence Staff
439:in 2001, a report by the
399:Eisenhower administration
313:National Security Council
250:Deputy Director for Plans
205:(NCS) from 2005 to 2015.
199:Directorate of Operations
179:Directorate of Operations
165:
155:
129:
121:
113:
102:
94:
89:
80:
76:Directorate of Operations
50:This article needs to be
2656:Strategic Support Branch
2273:Coast Guard Intelligence
2217:Central Security Service
2212:National Security Agency
1371:U.S. Department of State
799:psychological operations
647:psychological operations
564:by Jeffrey T. Richelson.
508:National Security Agency
435:In the aftermath of the
395:U.S. Army Special Forces
30:Not to be confused with
2646:Office of Special Plans
2506:President's Daily Brief
2354:FBI Intelligence Branch
1837:"NCS Language Officers"
1807:"The CIA's Secret Army"
1295:. Ivan R. Dee. p.
1157:The Wall Street Journal
873:operations to the CIA:
2257:Air Force Intelligence
2175:Defense Attaché System
1327:. 2007. Archived from
971:
803:special reconnaissance
795:unconventional warfare
629:mind control program.
565:
461:Intelligence Community
360:
208:The DO "serves as the
193:. It was known as the
1859:"50 U.S.C. § 413b(e)"
1649:"Operations Officers"
1603:"The CIA Secret Army"
1291:Prados, John (2006).
955:
881:Executive Order 12333
854:Executive Order 12333
841:clandestine operation
691:United States Army's
679:special mission units
617:assets, and for U.S.
559:
349:
324:Early autonomy of OPC
309:Truman administration
296:nuclear proliferation
1715:"Targeting Officers"
1615:on February 1, 2003.
1074:Former NCS Director
1055:battles amongst the
1031:counter-intelligence
983:Department of Energy
611:James Jesus Angleton
437:September 11 attacks
258:Directorate of Plans
195:Directorate of Plans
107:Veritatem Cognoscere
2100:, October 13, 2005.
2007:on February 3, 2011
1973:"50 U.S.C. § 403–7"
1895:"50 U.S.C § 403–4a"
1847:on August 29, 2009.
1786:on November 8, 2009
1747:on January 30, 2012
1681:on August 29, 2009.
1659:on August 29, 2009.
1150:Strobel, Warren P.
746:Case officers (CO):
704:United States Army
443:, conducted by the
379:Walter Bedell Smith
298:, and other tasks.
277:counterintelligence
271:covert action (the
242:Walter Bedell Smith
187:Clandestine Service
77:
2325:Open Source Center
1899:United States Code
1883:. August 15, 2016.
1637:on August 5, 2009.
1569:Mendez, Antonio J.
1508:on October 7, 2011
1331:on March 11, 2008.
1127:Special Operations
953:responsibilities.
675:special operations
663:escape and evasion
615:Clandestine HUMINT
566:
273:Special Operations
75:
2664:
2663:
2403:
2402:
2369:Homeland Security
2286:
2285:
2277:Homeland Security
2061:(July 21, 1988).
1919:on June 12, 2007.
1841:Language Officers
1530:(Press release).
1205:on March 9, 2015.
1092:Church Commission
865:Legal authorities
822:Language Officers
785:, which conducts
659:guerrilla warfare
482:In 2004, Senator
363:Guerrilla warfare
292:counter-terrorism
288:counter-narcotics
265:covert operations
175:
174:
156:Parent department
130:Agency executives
71:
70:
16:(Redirected from
2689:
2473:of the President
2471:Executive Office
2230:
2229:
2150:
2149:
2128:
2121:
2114:
2105:
2104:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2067:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2038:
2026:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2006:
2000:. Archived from
1995:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1956:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1915:. Archived from
1909:
1903:
1902:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1843:. Archived from
1833:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1813:. Archived from
1802:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1785:
1774:
1766:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1743:. Archived from
1733:
1727:
1726:
1725:on July 2, 2011.
1721:. Archived from
1711:
1705:
1704:
1703:on July 2, 2011.
1699:. Archived from
1689:
1683:
1682:
1677:. Archived from
1667:
1661:
1660:
1655:. Archived from
1645:
1639:
1638:
1633:. Archived from
1623:
1617:
1616:
1611:. Archived from
1598:
1587:
1586:
1565:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1538:on June 13, 2007
1524:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1507:
1496:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1468:. Archived from
1462:
1456:
1455:
1449:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1425:on July 22, 2011
1424:
1418:. Archived from
1413:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1344:
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1311:
1310:
1288:
1279:
1278:
1272:
1268:
1266:
1258:
1246:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1227:on June 12, 2007
1223:. Archived from
1213:
1207:
1206:
1191:
1185:
1175:
1166:
1165:
1147:
1057:executive branch
1049:Church Committee
762:Washington, D.C.
651:black propaganda
531:James R. Clapper
524:Harry E. Soyster
455:released by the
318:Executive Branch
254:Church Committee
143:William J. Burns
85:
78:
74:
66:
63:
57:
45:
44:
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21:
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1993:
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1971:
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1750:
1748:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1675:Core Collectors
1669:
1668:
1664:
1653:Core Collectors
1647:
1646:
1642:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1599:
1590:
1583:
1566:
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1555:
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1472:on June 7, 2011
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1140:
1088:
1044:
1020:
986:These include:
942:
862:
832:
736:
635:
543:
514:William E. Odom
475:and tasked the
433:
417:
411:
391:"psychological"
326:
304:
294:, for tracking
227:
222:
151:
136:David Marlowe,
90:Agency overview
67:
61:
58:
55:
46:
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28:
23:
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2373:
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2351:
2339:
2338:
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2335:CIA University
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2307:
2294:
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2267:Space Delta 18
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2101:
2091:
2084:
2083:External links
2081:
2079:
2078:
2050:
2018:
1982:
1964:
1943:
1922:
1904:
1886:
1868:
1850:
1828:
1817:on May 9, 2007
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1097:CIA operations
1094:
1087:
1084:
1076:Jose Rodriguez
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791:assassinations
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477:CIA's Director
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421:Chief of Staff
413:Main article:
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1271:|work=
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1221:CIA Website
1042:Controversy
734:DO officers
484:Pat Roberts
275:unit), for
210:clandestine
2671:Categories
2071:October 7,
2043:October 7,
1881:E.O. 12333
1445:"9-11 Act"
1416:PL 108-458
1138:References
934:Camp Peary
913:tradecraft
903:Tradecraft
451:, and the
372:Korean War
352: [
320:function.
125:Classified
117:Classified
2562:Oversight
2145:Community
2039:. CIA-DDR
2011:April 28,
1952:"ICD 304"
1931:"NSCID 5"
1751:April 28,
1512:April 29,
1476:April 28,
1429:April 29,
1378:April 15,
1273:ignored (
1263:cite book
1231:April 28,
924:President
516:, former
501:Curveball
114:Employees
62:July 2015
2411:National
2381:Treasury
2291:Civilian
1571:(1999).
1162:Archived
1086:See also
1063:and the
928:Congress
898:Manager.
521:Director
511:Director
496:Cold War
447:and the
2609:Defunct
2358:Justice
2347:Justice
2154:Defense
1065:Defense
627:MKULTRA
625:as the
334:Defense
283:(DDO).
220:History
166:Website
52:updated
2393:Energy
1579:
1303:
1053:"turf"
979:MASINT
975:SIGINT
951:COMINT
909:HUMINT
896:HUMINT
871:HUMINT
486:, the
465:HUMINT
453:report
95:Formed
2515:Other
2303:State
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1255:36–38
1069:State
1024:OSINT
947:ELINT
885:moles
720:Libya
330:State
103:Motto
2073:2007
2045:2007
2013:2011
1823:2008
1811:Time
1792:2007
1753:2011
1608:Time
1577:ISBN
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1431:2011
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1301:ISBN
1275:help
1233:2011
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