New Zealand Railways Department

203: 593: 40: 274:, which led to great financial constraint on the department. As a result, the central government passed legislation to allow for the construction of more private railways. A Commission, ordered by Hall, had in 1880 reviewed 85 proposed and partly-constructed railway lines in the colony, and it proposed postponing 21 projects and recommended against proceeding with 29 others. The Commissioners were especially critical of the colony's existing railways' inability to generate sufficient income to pay the interest on the loans that had funded their construction: 1408: 1027: 687: 1124: 1148: 1326: 645: 671: 4020: 251: 753:.” Section 12 of that Act allowed for government borrowing and Section 19 required local councils to provide half the cost of road improvements. By setting in place a system of subsidy from ratepayers and taxpayers, whilst requiring railways to make a 3¾% profit (at that rate, interest amounted to over 22% of total earnings), Coates ensured his prophecy came true, as railways gradually became uneconomic. He also encouraged publicity for rail travel. 656: 1101: 636:

in 1918, the coal shortage carried on into 1919 as first miners strikes and then an influenza epidemic cut supplies. As a result, non-essential services remained in effect until the end of 1919. Shortages of spare parts and materials led to severe inflation, and repairs on locomotives being deferred. Similar coal-saving timetable cuts occurred at the end of the next war in 1945 and 1946.

356:. The Minister appointed a General Manager for the railways, keeping the operation under tight political control. Apart from four periods of government-appointed commissions (1889–1894, 1924–1928, 1931–1936 and 1953–1957), this system remained in place until the department was corporatised in 1982. In 1895, patronage had reached 3.9M passengers per annum and 2.048M tonnes. 1136: 1113: 635:

Non-essential rail services were curtailed as more staff took part in the war effort, and railway workshops were converted for producing military equipment, on top of their existing maintenance and construction work. The war soon affected the supply of coal to the railways. Although hostilities ended

233:

took over the various provincial railways. Since the Public Works Department was charged with constructing new railway lines (among other public works) the day to day railway operations were transferred into a new government department on the recommendation of a parliamentary select committee. At the

1349:

was introduced, NZR could not compete for inter-island freight business, and the rail networks of both the North and South Islands were not well integrated. To send goods between the islands, freight had to be unloaded from wagons onto a ship on one island, unloaded at the other and then loaded back

1179:

Aicken went as far as negotiating a tentative contract for the construction of electrification and locomotives for it, but fell out with the Government in late 1951 and resigned. His successor, H.C. Lusty, terminated the contract and entered into an agreement with General Motors for the supply of 40

756:

The following year, Gordon Coates became the Minister of Railways. Coates was an ambitious politician who had an almost "religious zeal" for his portfolio. During the summer of 1923, he spent the entire parliamentary recess inspecting the department's operations. The following year, he put forward a

278:

The extent to which this fatal mistake has been made may be in some degree realized by a comparison of the relations between railways and population in this and other countries. In Great Britain the amount of population to each mile of railway is 1,961; in the United States, 580; in New South Wales,

1577:

Following the increase in distance for road transport licensing in 1977, NZR General Manager Trevor Hayward published a pamphlet entitled "Time for Change". In it, he spelt out the basic challenge facing NZR at the time: providing both commercial and loss-making "social" services. While Hayward was

875:

Tough economic conditions and increasing competition from road transport led to calls for regulation of the land transport sector. In 1931 it was claimed half a million tons of freight had been lost to road transport. That year, the department carried 7.2 million passengers per year, down from 14.2

1486:

in 1973. Inflationary pressures within the economy greatly rose, at the same time exports were falling. In reaction to this, the government attempted to control inflation by fixing prices; in 1972 it was decided that NZR could only charge for its services at no more than 1971 rates, despite rising

382:

was not handed over to NZR until 1900. By that time, 3,200 km (2,000 mi) of railway lines were open for traffic. The acquisition in 1908 of the Wellington and Manawatu Railway Company and its railway line marked the completion of the North Island Main Trunk from Wellington to Auckland. A

1042:

had a significant impact on railways. The war created major labour shortages across the economy generally, and while considered "essential industry", railways were no exception. A large number of NZR employees signed up to fight in the war. For the first time, the Department employed significant

1473:

locomotives were introduced in 1972, with a further batch arriving in 1975. They were at the time the most powerful class of locomotives in New Zealand. At first, they were deployed to the North Island Main Trunk but gradually began working the express freight trains for which they were ordered

1498:

decided to increase the transport licensing limited from 40 miles (64 km) to 150 km. This change took effect from 1977, and greatly increased competition for NZR on key routes between larger centres within 150 km of each other—routes such as Auckland–Hamilton, Hamilton–Tauranga,

1415:

Railways' management had entered the 1970s with a modernisation plan around the theme "Great things are happening to Railways", to counter negative views of the railways' held by the general public and political elites. In 1970, a red, black and white corporate logo designed by Barry Ellis was

941:

was appointed General Manager in 1933, and worked hard to improve the standard and range of services provided by the Department. This included a number of steps to make passenger trains faster, more efficient and cheaper to run. In the early 20th century, NZR had begun investigating railcar

883:

Alongside these changes, in 1931 the Railways Department was briefly restructured into the Government Railways Board. Another Act of Parliament, the Government Railways Amendment Act 1931 was passed. The Railways Board was independent of the Government of the day and answered to the

1159:, was an advocate for electrifying the entire North Island Main Trunk to alleviate the shortage of coal and the cost of importing diesel fuel; though he also recognised that steam and diesel traction would be required on other lines. NZR's first diesel-electric locomotives, the 946:(passenger carriages attached to freight trains) were undesirably slow. However, due to New Zealand's rugged terrain overseas technology could not simply be directly introduced. A number of experimental railcars and railbuses were developed. From 1925 these included the 880:. The Act regulated the carriage of goods and entrenched the monopoly the department had on land transport. It set a minimum distance road transport operators could transport goods at 30 miles (48 km) before they had to be licensed. The Act was repealed in 1982. 1557:

As a result of the introduction of TMS, NZR identified that it could reduce its total wagon requirements by 10 per cent of its 1980 fleet, resulting in the withdrawal of many older wagon types. NZR later sold its expertise and some of the TMS software to

1344:

in 1962 heralded the start of inter-island ferry services run by NZR. The service was very successful, leading to criticism, when the Wellington–Lyttelton overnight ferry was withdrawn, that NZR was competing unfairly with private operators. Before the

1286:, was opened to service a new pulp and paper mill at its terminus. NZR's first single-purpose log trains, called "express loggers", began to operate on this branch. The Kinleith Branch was shortly followed in 1957 by the 57 kilometres (35 mi) long 1175:

electric locomotives introduced for the Wellington electric system. They were the second class of electric locomotive to be used on this section of electrification. They were the most powerful locomotives on the system till the D class arrived in 1972.

750:

I say the day will come when it will be found that through the use of motor transport certain railways in New Zealand will be relegated to a secondary place altogether, and probably will be torn up, and we shall have motor traffic taking their

619:

The war itself led to a decline in passenger, freight and train miles run but also led to an increase in profitability. In the 1917 Annual Report, a record 5.3% return on investment was made. The war did take its toll on railway services, with

433:. By the 1920s NZR was noticing a considerable downturn in rail passenger traffic on many lines due to increasing ownership of private cars, and from 1923 it began to co-ordinate rail passenger services with private bus services. The 829:

from late 1929 saw these projects scaled back or abandoned. The Westfield deviation was completed in 1930 and the Tawa deviation proceeded at a snail's pace. A number of new lines under construction were casualties, including the

1478:

services to New Zealand. NZR introduced its first purpose-built container wagons, the UK class, for the growing traffic that was quickly changing freight patterns. NZR was criticised for not investing enough in new bogie wagons.

1322:, at Moorhouse Avenue, was opened. The station was closed in 1990, with a new station being built at Addington. In 1961, livestock was exempted from the Transport Licensing Act, effectively opening the sector up to competition. 1350:

into wagons to resume its journey by rail. The introduction of a roll-on roll-off train ferry changed that. Wagons were rolled onto the ferry and rolled off at the other side. This led to many benefits for NZR customers.

978:. This class followed the building of the Red Terror (an inspection car on a Leyland Cub chassis) for the General Manager in 1933. More classes followed over the years, primarily to operate regional services. 698:

In 1920 the 3,000-mile (4,800 km) milestone of open railway lines was reached and 15 million passengers were carried by the department. An acute housing shortage following the war led to the creation of

1170:

In 1954, the New Zealand railway network reached its zenith in terms of distance with 5,600 km (3,500 mi), 60% of it on gradients between 1 in 100 and 1 in 200 and 33% steeper than 1 in 100. The

1524:

said "long-distance rail travel is likely to completely disappear in the early 1980s. This will leave the slow creaking third world narrow gauge network to bulk freight where it can be more efficient."

730:. The section was electrified at 1,500 V DC, due to the steep grade in the tunnel, and included its own hydro-electric power station. The second section to be electrified by the department was the 1387:

accelerated the demise of steam, replacing the remaining steam locomotives. The final demise of steam came on 26 October 1971 with the withdrawal of the last class of mainline steam locomotives, the

580:

In 1913, damages of £15 were awarded against New Zealand Railways to S. J. Gibbons by the Supreme Court in a precedent-setting case; for damages to a car that hit a train at a level crossing: see

1353:

NZR's 1963–1964 year-end financial report showed that inter-island ferry services contributed $ 1.07 million to NZRs profit of $ 1.077 million. A second ferry, MV Aranui, arrived in 1965.

283:

In August 1881 the Railways Construction and Land Act was passed, allowing joint-stock companies to build and run private railways, as long as they were built to the government's standard

821:

train ferry service between Wellington and Picton, to link the two systems up. Coates went on to become Prime Minister in 1925, an office he held until 1928 when he was defeated at the

2005:

electric locomotives were constructed (assembled) at the Hutt (7) and Addington (2) workshops. Various diesel locomotives have been rebuilt at NZR workshops, for example, five of the

1540:

between Woodville and Gisborne. TMS resulted in an 8 per cent improvement in wagon utilisation. In 1977, NZR decided to implement the system out across the entire network. Using dual

1566:(SRA) in New South Wales, Australia. The SRA's system introduced in 1986 was largely based on TMS, with NZR providing training, software and consulting during its implementation. 226:

of the late 1860s to the 1870s, railway construction by central government expanded greatly, from just 80 kilometres (50 miles) in 1869 to 1,900 kilometres (1,200 miles) in 1880.

1010:. The K was a further development of the K class, while the J class was primarily for lighter trackage in the South Island. The numerically smaller K class were allocated to the 1267:

Despite large orders for diesel-electric locomotives, NZR was still building steam locomotives until 1956, when the last steam locomotive built by NZR, J1274, was completed at

1245:

and Wellington. This led to the closure of the Rimutaka Incline and its unique Fell railway system. Because steam locomotives could not be operated through the new tunnel, the

1474:

throughout the North Island. The D continued to dominate North Island traffic until the electrification of the main trunk in the 1980s. 1971 saw the introduction of scheduled

4181: 1264:"88 seater" or "Fiats" also began entering service from 1955. The railcars were designed to take over provincial inter-city routes but proved to be mechanically unreliable. 859:

in 1928. Three of the locomotives were introduced for operation on the North Island Main Trunk. They were not well suited to New Zealand conditions: they had overly complex

985:

were introduced. A further improvement to passenger transport came in July that year, with electric services on the Johnsonville Line starting with the introduction of the

1482:

Freight volumes greatly increased during the 1970s, despite the oil shocks of 1973 and 1979, with the greatest setback for freight volumes being Britain's entry into the

1043:

numbers of women to meet the shortages. The war created serious coal shortages as imported coal was no longer available. Despite this, NZR had record revenues in 1940.

616:

locomotives were introduced. This class went on to become the most numerous locomotive class in New Zealand history, with several examples surviving into preservation.

1487:

fuel and labour costs. As a result, Railways' accounts were in a deficit for much of the decade and were topped up with a special "Vote Stabilisation" in the budget.

896:. The Railways Board was chaired by Herbert Harry Sterling, the former General Manager, and had 10 members from around the country. The Board stopped building on the 845:

last year of office in 1912, 140 miles (230 km) of line had been relaid, but that was reduced to 118 in 1913, 104 in 1914, 81 in 1924 and 68 in 1925, during the

2184: 187:. The role of operating the rail network was subsequently separated from that of the network's construction. From 1895 to 1993 there was a responsible Minister, the 2166: 1092:" service. In 1950, Straits Air Freight Express (later known as SAFE Air) took over the contract from the RNZAF. The service was discontinued in the early 1980s. 234:

time 1,828 kilometres (1,136 miles) of railway lines were open for traffic, 546 km (339 mi) in the North Island and 1,283 km (797 mi) in the

817:

produced a report known as the "Fay Raven Report" which gave qualified approval to Coates' programme. The reports only significant change was the proposal of a

876:

million in 1923. In 1930 a Royal Commission on Railways recommended that land transport should be "co-ordinated" and the following year Parliament passed the

202: 1233:

in 1955, the largest fleet of diesel-electric locomotives NZR ever introduced. The D class, more than any other class, displaced steam locomotives from the

931:

and Tawa flat deviation were both completed in 1937. As part of attempts by NZR to win back passengers from private motor vehicles, the same year the first

2407: 1968: 1578:

not against road transport deregulation, he was in favour of greater investment in NZR to meet freight requirements and shutting down uneconomic services.

1533:

On 12 February 1979, NZR introduced a computerised "Traffic Monitoring System", known as TMS, nationwide. Implementation was completed in December 1980.

4206: 1375:

and Auckland. The success of the Blue Streaks led to the purchase of three new railcars in 1972. The Blue Streaks were then allocated to the Wellington—

4216: 4186: 2978: 387:, was introduced in 1909 for traffic on the line. The X class was the most powerful locomotive at the time. Gold rushes led to the construction of the 1088:

from 1947 to ship inter-island freight across Cook's Strait between Paraparaumu in the North Island and Blenheim in the South Island, as part of the "

370:

Along with opening new lines, NZR began acquiring a number of the private railways which had built railway lines around the country. It acquired the

4191: 2485: 2070: 863:, were too hot for crews manning them and too powerful for the wagons they were hauling. The failure of this class lead to the introduction of the 1444:

overnight train, sourced from Japan. The service never lived up to its promise and was withdrawn in 1979 due to poor patronage. In 1972 the first

596:

The A class were introduced in 1915. Over 141 of these locomotives were introduced, from three different builders. Here preserved A 778 hauls the

1550:

As a result of the introduction of TMS, all locomotives, railcars, carriages and other rolling stock were renumbered. Class notations changed to

3539: 577:

By 1912, patronage had reached 13.4M passengers per annum (a 242% increase since 1895) and 5.9M tonnes of freight (a 188% increase since 1895).

4211: 4176: 1188: 825:. While the Westfield and Tawa Flat deviations proceeded, the Milson deviation and Rimutaka Tunnel projects remained stalled. The onset of the 2567: 707:

for NZR staff. This scheme was shut down in 1929 as it was considered improper for a government department to compete with private builders.

1167:, were introduced in 1951. The locomotives gave good service but were not powerful or numerous enough to seriously displace steam traction. 499: 3004: 1520:

Despite these efforts, there was still considerable negativity about railways and the service they offered. In its 30 May 1979 issue, the

3195: 2286: 986: 3897: 3796: 3684: 3631: 3472: 1319: 760:

Coates scheme proposed spending £8 million over 8 years. This was later expanded to £10 million over 10 years. The programme included:

4201: 2189: 543: 471: 171:(New Zealand Government Railways) and often known as the "Railways", was a government department charged with owning and maintaining 1495: 479: 194:

Apart from four brief experiments with independent boards, NZR remained under direct ministerial control for most of its history.

3654: 2611: 1547:

systems, one in active standby mode, the TMS system became a centralised system for tracking all wagon and locomotive movements.

700: 296: 113: 1151:

The DJ class, introduced from 1968, led to the end of steam traction in the South Island, and the whole of New Zealand, by 1971.

279:

1,108 ; in Victoria, 924 ; while in New Zealand we have only a population of 362 to each mile of railway already made.

4196: 1514: 963: 942:

technology to provide passenger services on regional routes and rural branch lines where carriage trains were not economic and

917: 889: 445: 2451:, engineering fitter at Petone Railways Workshop, killed on Gallipoli and commemorated on the Petone railway station memorial. 1184:. The first of these locomotives entered service in September 1955, with all of this initial order running by September 1957. 3924: 3905: 3861: 3781: 745: 734:

in Christchurch, completed in 1929, at the same voltage and current. This again saw English Electric supply locomotives, the

1226:, ordered instead. While the D class proved more successful than the D class, steam remained the dominant form of traction. 1014:, where they dominated traffic. This led to the coining of the phrase "KB country" to describe the area, made famous by the 4061: 923:

In 1933 plans for a new railway station and head office in Wellington were approved, along with the electrification of the

2135: 1506:. Locomotives were sent to Australia for rebuilding, with five being rebuilt at the NZR's own Hutt Workshops. Ten of the 909: 515: 375: 311: 108: 3880: 3804: 1612: 1451:

Freight traffic was again changing. In October 1969, the first unit coal trains were introduced, between coal mines at

1298:. The branch is the last major branch line to open in New Zealand to date. The line was primarily built to service the 1047: 434: 353: 259: 188: 206:

Engraving of a locomotive and carriages moving along the side of the Wellington Harbour toward the Hutt Valley, c.1875

3962: 3943: 3823: 1837: 1278:

During the 1950s New Zealand industry was diversifying, particularly into the timber industry. On 6 October 1952 the

885: 842: 822: 341: 704: 4128: 4031: 3842: 3508: 2490: 2090: 1582: 1537: 1460: 846: 176: 124: 1218:

locomotives in service. They proved to be unsuccessful in service and the original order of 31 was cancelled, and

1089: 3199: 2322: 2312: 2100: 2006: 1507: 1503: 1470: 1230: 1181: 1164: 1128: 1105: 955: 1581:

In 1981, parliament passed the New Zealand Railways Corporation Act, and the department was corporatised as the

3409: 625: 215: 1046:

Despite the war and associated labour and material shortages, new railway construction continued. In 1942 the

4009: 3301: 2495: 970:

was introduced, but the first truly successful railcar class to enter service began operating that year, the

967: 947: 230: 184: 172: 91: 1593:

The Railways Department followed a traditional branch structure, which was carried over to the corporation.

852:

Once again, growing traffic requirements led to the introduction of a new type of locomotive, the ill-fated

3731: 3675:

Merrifield, Rob (Spring 1990). T. A. Gavin (ed.). "Land Transport Deregulation in New Zealand, 1983–1989".

2335: 1215: 1051: 877: 835: 834:

line, approved in July 1928 but abandoned almost a year later due to the depression. An exception was the

2540: 2448: 2251: 2080: 1857: 1778: 1483: 1283: 1085: 1059: 951: 364: 267: 3030: 1356:

Closures of rural branch lines reduced the total network length to 3,254 miles (5,237 km) in 1966.

4095: 2387: 2105: 2054: 928: 581: 457: 441: 3991: 2655: 2637: 2445: 2151: 2059: 1011: 905: 715: 535: 495: 379: 3247: 2913: 1432:. The new service featured buffet cars and modernised rolling stock. New rolling stock included the 254:

New Zealand Railways Department Head Office, Wellington, photographed circa 1905–1908 by J N Taylor.

4054: 3339: 3196:"Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, Report of the Government Railways Board" 2472: 2210: 2125: 1827:

None of these minor workshops manufactured locomotives, although major overhauls were carried out:

1521: 1360: 1261: 1254: 971: 487: 475: 399: 319: 300: 211: 180: 3005:"The April report: report of the Royal Commission on Social Policy. Volume 4: Social Perspectives" 3221: 2769: 2673: 2145: 2040: 1433: 1307: 1054:

between Picton and Christchurch being completed in 1945. The final section of the then ECMT, the

982: 831: 765: 723: 675: 559: 491: 467: 461: 430: 395: 326: 3275: 3133: 2927: 2838: 1633:

The table below records the performance of the Railways Department in terms of freight tonnage:

651:

became Minister of Railways in 1923. His tenure was to have a profound effect on the department.

3044: 2952: 2812: 2246: 2075: 1417: 992: 959: 547: 523: 453: 592: 3486: 2900: 2308: 2236: 2220: 1551: 1475: 1372: 511: 483: 371: 295:) and connected with the government railway lines. The Act had the effect of authorising the 179:. Originally, railway construction and operation took place under the auspices of the former 101: 2568:"Railway administration has reflected public expectation of rail's social and economic role" 325:

The most important construction project for NZR at this time was the central section of the

2377: 1791: 1563: 1429: 932: 263: 96: 17: 3793:

Uncommon Carrier - The History of the Wellington & Manawatu Railway Company, 1882-1908

3365:

Snell, J. B. (June 1954). Cooke, B.W.C. (ed.). "The New Zealand Government Railways – 1".

183:

and some private railways, before all of the provincial operations came under the central

8: 4107: 4047: 3706: 2298: 2260: 2179: 2115: 2085: 2021: 1952: 1888: 1809: 1803: 1797: 1554:

capital letters, rather than the previous superscript capital letter (e.g. D became DA.)

1452: 1445: 1211: 1116: 793: 727: 563: 39: 2064: 1510:

were rebuilt into the DBR class at the same time. The following year the Canadian built

2355: 2139: 2094: 2044: 1904: 1559: 1268: 1074: 1070: 1026: 1015: 1007: 892:

was also Minister of Railways, and Minister of Finance was former Minister of Railways

864: 856: 853: 703:

in 1922. The first of the now-iconic railway houses were prefabricated in a factory in

691: 686: 663: 660: 414:(the first "Pacific" type locomotive in the world), and many other locomotive classes. 407: 307: 2352:

chassis (largest fleet of Bedford SB buses in the world). As well as around 400 trucks

1502:

In 1978 a major rebuilding programme of the ageing D class was launched, creating the

4155: 4082: 3958: 3939: 3920: 3901: 3876: 3857: 3838: 3819: 3800: 3777: 3688: 3635: 2460: 2205: 2025: 1815: 1456: 1204: 924: 897: 567: 519: 426: 219: 1123: 4150: 4102: 3997: 3979: 2345: 2282: 2231: 2225: 1936: 1464: 1407: 1295: 1223: 1160: 1147: 1039: 989: 975: 826: 775: 175:. The Department was created in 1880 and was corporatised on 1 April 1982 into the 2892: 1306:, with several loading points along its length. The line's success led to several 2397: 1287: 1279: 1238: 1055: 786: 782: 628:

at railway stations along the way. As a result, the "scramble for pie and tea at

271: 239: 4039: 1325: 1310:

being put forward, with extensions of the branch being mooted at various times.

1034:

class were introduced in 1946, and were the last steam locomotives built by NZR.

3891: 3431: 2607: 2500: 2466: 2454: 2430: 2270: 2256: 2215: 2175: 2110: 1920: 1846: 1785: 1511: 1491: 1392: 1250: 1246: 938: 901: 731: 624:

being removed from passenger trains in 1917, replaced by less labour-intensive

597: 449: 345: 334: 62: 3985: 4170: 3692: 3639: 2436: 2424: 2340: 1291: 1065:

In 1946 the last class of steam locomotives built by NZR was introduced, the

916:, the new Minister of Public Works, in a speech in 1935 and abolished by the 893: 814: 741: 648: 644: 539: 403: 388: 349: 223: 440:

In 1911 tenders for bookstalls were being advertised for 33 main stations -

4143: 3424: 2602: 2600: 2442: 2391: 2381: 2302: 2294: 2290: 2193: 2155: 2014: 2010: 2002: 1425: 1421: 1396: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1338: 1237:. On 3 November of the same year the 8.798 kilometres (5.467 mi) long 1234: 1219: 1172: 1156: 1078: 1066: 1031: 1003: 999: 735: 719: 711: 678:

were introduced from July 1938. This example, RM 31, is seen at Paihiatua,

670: 613: 609: 608:

in 1914 had a significant impact on the Railways Department. That year the

571: 422: 406:

became Chief Mechanical Officer in April 1900. Beattie designed the famous

235: 2463:, worked at Otahuhu Workshops, union secretary, later member of parliament 1081:, J classes of steam locomotives were converted from coal to oil burning. 841:

However, there was criticism that maintenance was being neglected. In the

694:

also appeared in 1939. This locomotive, J 1211, survived for preservation.

4138: 4019: 2457:, was stationmaster Kaiwaka, later president of New Zealand Maori Council 2360: 2129: 1299: 1249:

was the first to be fully "dieselised". Amid many protests, the isolated

1199:

express was derailed due to a bridge collapse north of Tangiwai due to a

943: 818: 605: 411: 384: 360: 315: 258:

The Railways Department was formed in 1880 during the premiership of Sir

136: 2597: 1140: 250: 4133: 3540:"Road transport regulation a controversial measure to protect railways" 3369:. Vol. 100, no. 638. Westminster: Tothill Press. p. 379. 2660:

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives of New Zealand

2642:

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives of New Zealand

2411: 2401: 2349: 1544: 1437: 1364: 1275:. The locomotive is now preserved in Dunedin near the railway station. 1192: 913: 860: 621: 507: 503: 359:

NZR produced its first New Zealand-built steam locomotive in 1889; the

330: 284: 55: 2199: 744:, on 24 October 1922, as Minister of Public Works, in introducing his 655: 2031: 2028:) specialised in car and wagon work, and in repairs and maintenance. 1242: 679: 418: 173:

New Zealand's railway infrastructure and operating the railway system

2128:

Built 111 steam locomotives for NZR and the WMR, the first were the

1108:

locomotive, the first diesel-electric locomotives introduced by NZR.

527: 374:

in 1886. At the same time, a protracted legal battle began with the

4087: 3543: 2571: 2013:, though most rebuilding has been contracted out. Hillside built 9 1441: 1368: 1196: 1100: 3774:

Rails that built a nation: An Encyclopedia of New Zealand Railways

1448:

railcars were introduced for the daytime Wellington–Auckland run.

1062:(CTC) was installed from Taumaranui to Auckland at the same time. 981:

Following the success of the Wairarapa railcar class, in 1938 the

270:

opened. Ironically, the first few years of NZR were marked by the

2318: 2265: 2241: 2170: 1467: 1303: 1272: 810: 629: 531: 1187:

On Christmas Eve 1953, the worst disaster in NZR's history, and

3435: 771:

New marshalling yards at Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch;

555: 551: 2674:"Railways Construction and Land Act 1881 (45 VICT 1881 No 37)" 639: 2713: 2711: 2365: 1200: 3854:

3320: 3114: 3104: 3102: 2862: 2860: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2728: 2726: 2329: 774:

The Milson Deviation of the North Island Main Trunk through

214:

and private firms. The largest provincial operation was the

2048: 1119:

locomotive, the first mainline diesel-electric locomotives.

417:

NZR's first bus operation began on 1 October 1907, between

378:, which was only resolved in 1898. The partially completed 306:

In 1877 the first American locomotives were purchased; the

3534: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3526: 3346: 2708: 2518: 2228:

various British contractors and English Electric Australia

3602: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3594: 3385: 3176: 3164: 3099: 3063: 2872: 2857: 2788: 2750: 2738: 2723: 1541: 1416:

introduced and a new Passenger Division was established.

1135: 1112: 106:

Thames Valley and Rotorua Railway Company (acquired 1886)

3748: 3562: 3560: 2813:"North Island Rail Services To Be Cut NORTHERN ADVOCATE" 2618: 2585: 2276: 1499:

Wellington–Palmerston North and Christchurch–Ashburton.

1391:

in the South Island (although the NZR-operated heritage

3523: 2469:, General Manager 1933–1940, later member of parliament 726:

in New Zealand and its first electric locomotives, the

714:

was completed in 1923, heralding the completion of the

210:

Originally, New Zealand's railways were constructed by

3816:

The Railways of New Zealand: A Journey through History

3622:"Computerised Wagon Control on New Zealand Railways". 3591: 3462: 3460: 3447: 3445: 3332: 2644:. Session I (Section E: Public Works): xvi–xvii. 1880. 1868:

Steam locomotives built and rebuilt at NZR workshops:

1203:

from a volcanic eruption, in what became known as the

927:(then still part of the North Island Main Trunk). The 229:

Following the abolition of the provinces in 1877, the

3557: 3152: 3087: 3075: 2093:(built a quarter (141) of NZR steam locomotives; the 238:, mainly consisting of the 630 km (390 mi) 4182:

Defunct transport organisations based in New Zealand

3373: 2696: 2684: 2439:, fitter at Petone and Hutt Workshops, Olympic boxer 1333:, the second inter-island rail ferry operated by NZR 1180:

EMD G12 model locomotives, designated by NZR as the

266:

was acquired by the department and new workshops at

3617: 3615: 3457: 3442: 2200:

Companies that supplied NZR with diesel locomotives

1241:opened, greatly reducing transit times between the 998:Three new locomotive classes appeared in 1939: the 333:on 15 April 1885, the section—including the famous 2562: 2560: 2558: 2541:"New Zealand Railways Corporation Act 1981, s1(2)" 2032:Private firms that built steam locomotives for NZR 900:, Gisborne line, Main South Line, Nelson Section, 191:. He was often also the Minister of Public Works. 4069: 3188: 1021: 796:of the North Island Main Trunk out of Wellington; 4168: 3612: 3579: 3577: 3575: 2662:. Session I (Section E: Public Works): iv. 1880. 2486:List of Chief Executives of New Zealand Railways 2154:Built Ub371 during purchase by ALCO (ten of the 1379:service. The introduction of the Japanese-built 3917:North Island Main Trunk: An Illustrated History 3342:. New Zealand History online. 20 December 2012. 2555: 1399:began just two months later in December 1971). 1210:The following year NZR introduced the dual-cab 340:The economy gradually improved and in 1895 the 3813: 3469:New Zealand Railway Observer, Summer 1969–1970 3326: 3120: 2928:"Main Highways Act 1922 (13 GEO V 1922 No 47)" 2524: 2410:, Nantes, France. Builders of MV Arahanga and 2371: 2071:Hughes's Locomotive & Tramway Engine Works 1572: 1490:Following a change of Government in 1975, the 1371:run, having failed to raise patronage between 1363:" refurbished railcars were introduced to the 4055: 3837:(1998 ed.). Wellington: Grantham House. 3572: 3509:"Transforming our economy—Container shipping" 3134:"RAILWAY POLICY. (Auckland Star, 1925-08-27)" 3814:Churchman, Geoffrey B; Hurst, Tony (2001) . 3404: 3402: 3400: 1528: 870: 757:"Programme of Improvements and New Works'". 245: 3952: 3832: 3818:(Second ed.). Transpress New Zealand. 3466: 3391: 3352: 3182: 3170: 3108: 3069: 2890: 2878: 2866: 2799: 2756: 2744: 2732: 2717: 2624: 2591: 2287:New Zealand DM class electric multiple unit 2142:, the first American locomotives purchased. 1536:A pilot scheme of TMS began in 1973 on the 722:. The tunnel included the first section of 640:Increasing competition and great depression 612:appeared, and the following year the first 437:branch was formed to operate bus services. 218:, which opened the first public railway at 4207:Rolling stock manufacturers of New Zealand 4062: 4048: 3898:New Zealand Railway and Locomotive Society 3873:The End of the New Zealand Passenger Train 3797:New Zealand Railway and Locomotive Society 3685:New Zealand Railway and Locomotive Society 3674: 3632:New Zealand Railway and Locomotive Society 3473:New Zealand Railway and Locomotive Society 151:5,696 km (3,539 mi) (1952, peak) 4217:New Zealand companies established in 1880 4187:Former government agencies of New Zealand 3957:. Auckland: Heinemann Reed. p. 176. 3955:New Zealand Railways: The First 125 Years 3652: 3397: 2330:Suppliers of bus and coach chassis to NZR 1411:Timetable published by Railways from 1976 1189:one of the worst in New Zealand's history 632:" became a part of New Zealand folklore. 337:—was not completed for another 23 years. 3998:New Zealand Railway Observer (Magazine) 3933: 3606: 3587:. New Zealand Railways Department. 1980. 1406: 1324: 1146: 1134: 1122: 1111: 1099: 1025: 888:. During this period the Prime Minister 764:The Auckland–Westfield deviation of the 685: 669: 654: 643: 591: 249: 201: 4192:Locomotive manufacturers of New Zealand 3889: 3875:. Beynon Printing Company. p. 32. 3790: 3566: 3302:"Government Railways Board (Report by)" 2690: 2678:New Zealand Legal Information Institute 2612:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1290:, which was opened running through the 974:specially designed to operate over the 297:Wellington and Manawatu Railway Company 114:Wellington and Manawatu Railway Company 14: 4169: 3914: 3835:Exploring New Zealand's Ghost Railways 3771: 3379: 3158: 3093: 3081: 2702: 2543:. Public Access to Legislation website 2535: 2533: 1084:Following the war, NZR contracted the 809:An independent commission, led by Sir 4212:Railway companies established in 1880 4177:1981 disestablishments in New Zealand 4043: 3936:Rail: The Great New Zealand Adventure 3893:New Zealand Railway Motive Power 2002 3870: 3851: 3754: 3668: 3451: 3364: 3270: 3268: 2953:"NEW ZEALAND RAILWAYS. WAIKATO TIMES" 2277:Suppliers of electric traction to NZR 1818:, Auckland (opened 1928, closed 1992) 1812:, Auckland (opened 1875, closed 1928) 1806:, Wanganui (closed 1986) also Aramoho 264:Port Chalmers Railway Company Limited 242:from the port of Lyttelton to Bluff. 3833:Leitch, David; Scott, Brian (1995). 3340:"Electric trains come to Wellington" 2608:"Birth of a National Railway System" 2380:, Dunedin, New Zealand. Builders of 1851:New Plymouth (Sentry Hill) from 1880 1569:TMS was replaced in 1989 by Amicus. 1229:This led to the introduction of the 1050:was finally opened, followed by the 701:Railways Department's Housing Scheme 153:4,799 km (2,982 mi) (1981) 149:1,828 km (1,136 mi) (1880) 3646: 3585:TMS - the Traffic Monitoring System 3045:"RAILWAYS PORTFOLIO. AUCKLAND STAR" 2530: 2390:, Dumbarton, Scotland. Builders of 2136:Rogers Locomotive and Machine Works 1794:, Dunedin, now Hillside Engineering 1284:Taupo Totara Timber Company Railway 1191:occurred. 151 people died when the 948:Leyland experimental petrol railcar 376:New Zealand Midland Railway Company 141:1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) 109:New Zealand Midland Railway Company 24: 3953:Stott, Bob; Leitch, David (1988). 3265: 3222:"Obituary MR H. H. STERLING Press" 2433:, civil engineer, Mayor of Porirua 2400:, Newcastle, England. Builders of 2148:Built Ub17 during purchase by ALCO 1822: 1018:'s documentary of the same title. 666:failed to live up to expectations. 435:New Zealand Railways Road Services 25: 4228: 3973: 3276:"BOARD WARNED New Zealand Herald" 3140:. National Library of New Zealand 1777:The following NZR workshops were 1038:As with the first world war, the 4202:Railway companies of New Zealand 4129:New Zealand Railways Corporation 4032:New Zealand Railways Corporation 4018: 4016:New Zealand Railways Department 3986:New Zealand Railways on Youtube 3677:The New Zealand Railway Observer 3655:"Tranz Rail moves deliver gains" 3432:"The Railway System Takes Shape" 2839:"SOUTH ISLAND MAIN TRUNK, PRESS" 2491:New Zealand Railways Corporation 2475:, Architect, Mayor of Wellington 2091:North British Locomotive Company 1583:New Zealand Railways Corporation 1538:Palmerston North - Gisborne Line 1095: 912:. For that it was criticised by 177:New Zealand Railways Corporation 125:New Zealand Railways Corporation 94:(rail operations, acquired 1880) 38: 4124:New Zealand Railways Department 3764: 3724: 3699: 3501: 3479: 3358: 3294: 3240: 3214: 3200:National Library of New Zealand 3126: 3037: 3023: 2997: 2971: 2945: 2920: 2884: 2831: 2805: 2762: 2323:New Zealand EA class locomotive 2313:New Zealand EB class locomotive 2101:Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns 1788:, Lower Hutt, at Petone to 1929 1562:in Victoria, Australia and the 964:Edison battery-electric railcar 161:New Zealand Railways Department 33:New Zealand Government Railways 3992:New Zealand Railways Magazine 3938:. Wellington: Grantham House. 3776:. Grantham House New Zealand. 3653:Noel Coom (21 November 2002). 2666: 2656:"Report of Railway Commission" 2648: 2638:"Report of Railway Commission" 2630: 1863: 1628: 1428:was introduced, replacing the 1383:diesels from that year in the 1022:World War II and its aftermath 956:Sentinel-Cammell steam railcar 587: 216:Canterbury Provincial Railways 13: 1: 4197:Rail transport in New Zealand 4070:Rail operators of New Zealand 2506: 2496:Rail transport in New Zealand 1214:in 1954, the first main-line 966:. 10 years later in 1936 the 823:general election of that year 802:New locomotive facilities and 372:Waimea Plains Railway Company 97:Port Chalmers Railway Company 27:Government agency (1880–1982) 3624:New Zealand Railway Observer 2511: 2336:Associated Equipment Company 1800:, Christchurch (closed 1990) 1772: 1320:Christchurch railway station 1253:was closed, although future 1155:The General Manager of NZR, 1069:. Due to coal shortages the 878:Transport Licensing Act 1931 7: 2479: 2427:, Chief Mechanical Engineer 2372:Suppliers of ferries to NZR 2252:Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 2081:Nasmyth, Wilson and Company 1588: 1484:European Economic Community 1222:locomotives, also built by 1086:Royal New Zealand Air Force 1060:Centralised Traffic Control 365:Addington Railway Workshops 222:on 1 December 1863. During 10: 4233: 4096:Great Journeys New Zealand 3919:. A. H. & A. W. Reed. 3791:Cassels, KR (Ken) (1994). 3327:Churchman & Hurst 2001 3121:Churchman & Hurst 2001 2525:Churchman & Hurst 2001 2388:William Denny and Brothers 2121:American companies, e.g.: 2106:Sharp, Stewart and Company 2060:Clayton Carriage and Wagon 2055:Beyer, Peacock and Company 1606:Publicity and Advertising; 1300:Tasman Pulp and Paper Mill 929:Wellington railway station 582:Cliff Road railway station 383:new locomotive class, the 197: 4116: 4075: 4028: 4014: 4006: 3732:"Nelson N.Z. Looking .S." 3467:Tom McGavin, ed. (1970). 3280:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz 3226:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz 3138:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz 3049:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz 3009:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz 2983:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz 2957:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz 2843:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz 2817:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz 2774:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz 2446:Norman Frederick Hastings 2418: 2152:Richmond Locomotive Works 2036:British companies, e.g.: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1529:Traffic Monitoring System 1397:A class steam locomotives 871:Government Railways Board 398:was completed, architect 262:. That year, the private 246:Formation and early years 145: 135: 130: 120: 87: 79: 71: 61: 51: 46: 37: 3735:Nelson Provincial Museum 3252:Nelson Provincial Museum 2211:Commonwealth Engineering 2126:Baldwin Locomotive Works 2020:The Auckland workshops ( 1645:Net tonne-km (millions) 1522:National Business Review 1402: 1313: 1255:Nelson Railway Proposals 836:Stratford–Okahukura Line 301:Wellington-Manawatu Line 293:3 ft 6 in 4010:Public Works Department 3890:Parsons, David (2002). 3392:Leitch & Scott 1995 3353:Stott & Leitch 1988 3183:Stott & Leitch 1988 3171:Stott & Leitch 1988 3109:Stott & Leitch 1988 3070:Stott & Leitch 1988 2893:"Parliamentary debates" 2879:Stott & Leitch 1988 2867:Stott & Leitch 1988 2800:Stott & Leitch 1988 2757:Stott & Leitch 1988 2745:Stott & Leitch 1988 2733:Stott & Leitch 1988 2718:Stott & Leitch 1988 2625:Stott & Leitch 1988 2592:Stott & Leitch 1988 2348:Supplied a record 1260 2185:E. W. Mills and Company 2167:James Davidson & Co 2162:New Zealand companies: 2158:were built by Baldwin). 2146:Brooks Locomotive Works 2041:Avonside Engine Company 1779:builders of locomotives 1308:Taupo Railway Proposals 1282:, formerly part of the 983:Standard class railcars 918:First Labour Government 910:Westport-Inangahua line 805:New signalling systems. 766:North Island Main Trunk 724:railway electrification 676:Standard class railcars 396:Dunedin railway station 327:North Island Main Trunk 231:Public Works Department 185:Public Works Department 92:Public Works Department 3934:Sinclair, Roy (1987). 3871:Miles, Robert (1995). 3772:Bromby, Robin (2003). 2908:Cite journal requires 2247:Hunslet Engine Company 2076:Hunslet Engine Company 1831:Greymouth (Elmer Lane) 1613:Railways Road Services 1476:ISO shipping container 1412: 1334: 1257:resurfaced from 1957. 1152: 1144: 1132: 1120: 1109: 1058:, was also completed. 1035: 968:Leyland diesel railbus 952:Model T Ford railbuses 695: 683: 667: 652: 601: 281: 255: 212:provincial governments 207: 181:provincial governments 3915:Pierre, Bill (1981). 3852:Lloyd, W. G. (2002). 3410:"Cook Strait ferries" 2979:"RAILWAYS COMMISSION" 2770:"TARANAKI DAILY NEWS" 2309:Goodman Manufacturing 2237:General Motors Diesel 2221:Electro-Motive Diesel 1858:Whanganui (East Town) 1600:Finance and Accounts; 1410: 1328: 1150: 1138: 1126: 1115: 1103: 1029: 960:Clayton steam railcar 689: 673: 658: 647: 595: 276: 253: 205: 102:Waimea Plains Railway 3487:"Silver Star poster" 3367:The Railway Magazine 3306:atojs.natlib.govt.nz 2891:New Zealand (1854). 2378:McGregor and Company 1564:State Rail Authority 1430:South Island Limited 1337:The introduction of 838:, finished in 1933. 354:Minister of Railways 189:Minister of Railways 4108:Transdev Wellington 3711:railheritage.org.nz 3634:: 58. Winter 1979. 2299:NZR EO class (1923) 2116:Yorkshire Engine Co 2086:Neilson and Company 1810:Newmarket Workshops 1804:East Town Workshops 1798:Addington Workshops 1496:National Government 1395:service, using two 1318:In 1960 the second 886:Minister of Finance 857:Garratt locomotives 794:Tawa Flat deviation 664:Garratt locomotives 391:, opening in 1898. 34: 3757:, p. 187-189. 3511:. nzhistory.net.nz 3489:. NZHistory.net.nz 3412:. NZhistory.net.nz 3282:. 17 December 1935 3202:. 9 September 1931 2845:. 14 December 1945 2819:. 12 February 1945 2408:Chantiers Dubegion 2140:NZR K class (1877) 2095:NZR J class (1939) 1792:Hillside Workshops 1560:Victorian Railways 1413: 1335: 1269:Hillside Workshops 1153: 1145: 1133: 1121: 1110: 1036: 1016:National Film Unit 958:and from 1926 the 799:Electric lighting; 696: 684: 668: 653: 602: 342:Liberal Government 314:, followed by the 308:NZR K class (1877) 256: 208: 80:Dates of operation 32: 4164: 4163: 4156:Transdev Auckland 4083:Auckland One Rail 4076:Current operators 4038: 4037: 4029:Succeeded by 3926:978-0-589-01316-5 3907:978-0-908573-78-3 3863:978-0-9582072-1-8 3783:978-1-86934-080-3 2985:. 1925. p. 7 2461:Ritchie Macdonald 2206:Clyde Engineering 2017:diesel shunters. 1999: 1998: 1816:Otahuhu Workshops 1770: 1769: 1585:on 1 April 1982. 1573:"Time for Change" 1457:New Zealand Steel 1205:Tangiwai disaster 1143:during the 1960s. 972:Wairarapa railcar 935:were introduced. 933:56-foot carriages 925:Johnsonville Line 898:Dargaville branch 847:Reform Government 746:Main Highways Act 626:refreshment rooms 446:Frankton Junction 157: 156: 16:(Redirected from 4224: 4151:Toll New Zealand 4117:Former operators 4103:Dunedin Railways 4092:KiwiRail Freight 4064: 4057: 4050: 4041: 4040: 4023: 4022: 4007:Preceded by 4004: 4003: 3968: 3949: 3930: 3911: 3886: 3867: 3848: 3829: 3810: 3787: 3758: 3752: 3746: 3745: 3743: 3741: 3728: 3722: 3721: 3719: 3717: 3703: 3697: 3696: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3663: 3661: 3650: 3644: 3643: 3619: 3610: 3604: 3589: 3588: 3581: 3570: 3564: 3555: 3554: 3552: 3550: 3536: 3521: 3520: 3518: 3516: 3505: 3499: 3498: 3496: 3494: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3471:. Vol. 26. 3464: 3455: 3449: 3440: 3439: 3428: 3422: 3421: 3419: 3417: 3406: 3395: 3389: 3383: 3377: 3371: 3370: 3362: 3356: 3350: 3344: 3343: 3336: 3330: 3324: 3318: 3317: 3315: 3313: 3298: 3292: 3291: 3289: 3287: 3272: 3263: 3262: 3260: 3258: 3244: 3238: 3237: 3235: 3233: 3218: 3212: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3192: 3186: 3180: 3174: 3168: 3162: 3156: 3150: 3149: 3147: 3145: 3130: 3124: 3118: 3112: 3106: 3097: 3091: 3085: 3079: 3073: 3067: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3056: 3041: 3035: 3034: 3027: 3021: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3001: 2995: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2966: 2964: 2949: 2943: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2924: 2918: 2917: 2911: 2906: 2904: 2896: 2888: 2882: 2876: 2870: 2864: 2855: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2835: 2829: 2828: 2826: 2824: 2809: 2803: 2797: 2786: 2785: 2783: 2781: 2766: 2760: 2754: 2748: 2742: 2736: 2730: 2721: 2715: 2706: 2700: 2694: 2688: 2682: 2681: 2670: 2664: 2663: 2652: 2646: 2645: 2634: 2628: 2622: 2616: 2615: 2604: 2595: 2589: 2583: 2582: 2580: 2578: 2564: 2553: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2537: 2528: 2522: 2346:Bedford Vehicles 2283:English Electric 2232:General Electric 2226:English Electric 2065:Dübs and Company 1871: 1870: 1636: 1635: 1552:machine-readable 1517:was introduced. 1465:General Electric 1296:Kaingaroa Forest 1224:English Electric 1161:English Electric 1040:Second World War 990:English Electric 976:Rimutaka Incline 827:Great Depression 776:Palmerston North 728:original E class 604:The outbreak of 480:Palmerston North 329:. Starting from 294: 290: 42: 35: 31: 21: 4232: 4231: 4227: 4226: 4225: 4223: 4222: 4221: 4167: 4166: 4165: 4160: 4112: 4071: 4068: 4034: 4025: 4017: 4012: 3976: 3971: 3965: 3946: 3927: 3908: 3883: 3864: 3845: 3826: 3807: 3784: 3767: 3762: 3761: 3753: 3749: 3739: 3737: 3730: 3729: 3725: 3715: 3713: 3705: 3704: 3700: 3673: 3669: 3659: 3657: 3651: 3647: 3621: 3620: 3613: 3605: 3592: 3583: 3582: 3573: 3565: 3558: 3548: 3546: 3538: 3537: 3524: 3514: 3512: 3507: 3506: 3502: 3492: 3490: 3485: 3484: 3480: 3465: 3458: 3450: 3443: 3430: 3429: 3425: 3415: 3413: 3408: 3407: 3398: 3390: 3386: 3378: 3374: 3363: 3359: 3351: 3347: 3338: 3337: 3333: 3325: 3321: 3311: 3309: 3300: 3299: 3295: 3285: 3283: 3274: 3273: 3266: 3256: 3254: 3248:"Railway Board" 3246: 3245: 3241: 3231: 3229: 3228:. 8 August 1959 3220: 3219: 3215: 3205: 3203: 3194: 3193: 3189: 3181: 3177: 3169: 3165: 3157: 3153: 3143: 3141: 3132: 3131: 3127: 3119: 3115: 3107: 3100: 3092: 3088: 3080: 3076: 3068: 3064: 3054: 3052: 3043: 3042: 3038: 3029: 3028: 3024: 3014: 3012: 3003: 3002: 2998: 2988: 2986: 2977: 2976: 2972: 2962: 2960: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2936: 2934: 2926: 2925: 2921: 2909: 2907: 2898: 2897: 2889: 2885: 2877: 2873: 2865: 2858: 2848: 2846: 2837: 2836: 2832: 2822: 2820: 2811: 2810: 2806: 2798: 2789: 2779: 2777: 2776:. 13 March 1911 2768: 2767: 2763: 2755: 2751: 2743: 2739: 2731: 2724: 2716: 2709: 2701: 2697: 2689: 2685: 2672: 2671: 2667: 2654: 2653: 2649: 2636: 2635: 2631: 2623: 2619: 2606: 2605: 2598: 2590: 2586: 2576: 2574: 2566: 2565: 2556: 2546: 2544: 2539: 2538: 2531: 2523: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2482: 2421: 2398:Vickers Limited 2374: 2332: 2279: 2257:A & G Price 2202: 2176:A & G Price 2034: 1866: 1825: 1823:Minor workshops 1775: 1631: 1591: 1575: 1531: 1463:. The US-built 1405: 1316: 1288:Murupara Branch 1280:Kinleith Branch 1239:Rimutaka Tunnel 1216:diesel-electric 1098: 1056:Taneatua Branch 1052:Main North Line 1024: 962:and successful 950:and a fleet of 873: 787:Rimutaka Ranges 783:Rimutaka Tunnel 642: 590: 292: 288: 272:Long Depression 248: 240:Main South Line 200: 152: 150: 116:(acquired 1908) 112: 111:(acquired 1891) 107: 105: 104:(acquired 1886) 100: 99:(acquired 1880) 95: 83:1880–1982 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4230: 4220: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4162: 4161: 4159: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4147: 4146: 4141: 4131: 4126: 4120: 4118: 4114: 4113: 4111: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4099: 4098: 4093: 4085: 4079: 4077: 4073: 4072: 4067: 4066: 4059: 4052: 4044: 4036: 4035: 4030: 4027: 4013: 4008: 4002: 4001: 3995: 3989: 3983: 3980:"Rail tourism" 3975: 3974:External links 3972: 3970: 3969: 3963: 3950: 3944: 3931: 3925: 3912: 3906: 3900:. p. 64. 3887: 3882:978-0473033200 3881: 3868: 3862: 3849: 3843: 3830: 3824: 3811: 3806:978-0908573639 3805: 3788: 3782: 3768: 3766: 3763: 3760: 3759: 3747: 3723: 3698: 3667: 3645: 3611: 3590: 3571: 3556: 3522: 3500: 3478: 3456: 3441: 3423: 3396: 3384: 3372: 3357: 3355:, p. 153. 3345: 3331: 3319: 3293: 3264: 3239: 3213: 3187: 3175: 3163: 3161:, p. 157. 3151: 3125: 3113: 3098: 3096:, p. 152. 3086: 3084:, p. 151. 3074: 3062: 3036: 3033:. NZETC. 2007. 3031:"Selling Rail" 3022: 2996: 2970: 2944: 2919: 2910:|journal= 2883: 2871: 2856: 2830: 2804: 2787: 2761: 2749: 2737: 2722: 2720:, p. 171. 2707: 2695: 2683: 2665: 2647: 2629: 2617: 2596: 2584: 2554: 2529: 2516: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2508: 2505: 2504: 2503: 2501:Railway houses 2498: 2493: 2488: 2481: 2478: 2477: 2476: 2470: 2467:Garnet Mackley 2464: 2458: 2455:Graham Latimer 2452: 2440: 2434: 2431:Whitford Brown 2428: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2415: 2405: 2395: 2385: 2373: 2370: 2369: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2343: 2338: 2331: 2328: 2327: 2326: 2316: 2306: 2278: 2275: 2274: 2273: 2271:Vulcan Foundry 2268: 2263: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2223: 2218: 2216:Drewry Car Co. 2213: 2208: 2201: 2198: 2197: 2196: 2190:Scott Brothers 2187: 2182: 2173: 2160: 2159: 2149: 2143: 2133: 2119: 2118: 2113: 2111:Vulcan Foundry 2108: 2103: 2098: 2088: 2083: 2078: 2073: 2067: 2062: 2057: 2052: 2033: 2030: 1997: 1996: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1981: 1980: 1977: 1974: 1971: 1965: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1955: 1949: 1948: 1945: 1942: 1939: 1933: 1932: 1929: 1926: 1923: 1917: 1916: 1913: 1910: 1907: 1901: 1900: 1897: 1894: 1891: 1885: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1865: 1862: 1861: 1860: 1855: 1852: 1849: 1844: 1841: 1835: 1832: 1824: 1821: 1820: 1819: 1813: 1807: 1801: 1795: 1789: 1786:Hutt Workshops 1774: 1771: 1768: 1767: 1764: 1761: 1757: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1746: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1735: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1724: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1713: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1702: 1701: 1698: 1695: 1691: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1680: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1669: 1668: 1665: 1662: 1658: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1647: 1646: 1643: 1642:Tonnes (000s) 1640: 1630: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1624:Way and Works. 1622: 1619: 1616: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1590: 1587: 1574: 1571: 1530: 1527: 1512:General Motors 1492:Robert Muldoon 1418:The Southerner 1404: 1401: 1393:Kingston Flyer 1315: 1312: 1251:Nelson Section 1247:Wairarapa Line 1097: 1094: 1023: 1020: 993:Multiple Units 944:"mixed" trains 939:Garnet Mackley 872: 869: 807: 806: 803: 800: 797: 790: 789:in Wellington; 779: 772: 769: 732:Lyttelton Line 641: 638: 598:Kingston Flyer 589: 586: 346:Richard Seddon 335:Raurimu Spiral 247: 244: 199: 196: 155: 154: 147: 143: 142: 139: 133: 132: 128: 127: 122: 118: 117: 89: 85: 84: 81: 77: 76: 73: 69: 68: 65: 63:Reporting mark 59: 58: 53: 49: 48: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4229: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4174: 4172: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4121: 4119: 4115: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4097: 4094: 4091: 4090: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4080: 4078: 4074: 4065: 4060: 4058: 4053: 4051: 4046: 4045: 4042: 4033: 4024: 4021: 4011: 4005: 3999: 3996: 3993: 3990: 3987: 3984: 3981: 3978: 3977: 3966: 3964:0-7900-0000-8 3960: 3956: 3951: 3947: 3945:1-86934-013-2 3941: 3937: 3932: 3928: 3922: 3918: 3913: 3909: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3894: 3888: 3884: 3878: 3874: 3869: 3865: 3859: 3855: 3850: 3846: 3840: 3836: 3831: 3827: 3825:0-908876-20-3 3821: 3817: 3812: 3808: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3789: 3785: 3779: 3775: 3770: 3769: 3756: 3751: 3736: 3733: 3727: 3712: 3708: 3702: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3671: 3656: 3649: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3625: 3618: 3616: 3609:, p. 60. 3608: 3607:Sinclair 1987 3603: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3586: 3580: 3578: 3576: 3569:, p. 15. 3568: 3563: 3561: 3545: 3541: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3527: 3510: 3504: 3488: 3482: 3474: 3470: 3463: 3461: 3454:, p. 15. 3453: 3448: 3446: 3437: 3433: 3427: 3411: 3405: 3403: 3401: 3394:, p. 92. 3393: 3388: 3382:, p. 61. 3381: 3376: 3368: 3361: 3354: 3349: 3341: 3335: 3329:, p. 31. 3328: 3323: 3307: 3303: 3297: 3281: 3277: 3271: 3269: 3253: 3249: 3243: 3227: 3223: 3217: 3201: 3197: 3191: 3185:, p. 62. 3184: 3179: 3173:, p. 56. 3172: 3167: 3160: 3155: 3139: 3135: 3129: 3123:, p. 30. 3122: 3117: 3111:, p. 57. 3110: 3105: 3103: 3095: 3090: 3083: 3078: 3072:, p. 55. 3071: 3066: 3051:. 9 June 1923 3050: 3046: 3040: 3032: 3026: 3010: 3006: 3000: 2984: 2980: 2974: 2958: 2954: 2948: 2933: 2929: 2923: 2915: 2902: 2894: 2887: 2881:, p. 54. 2880: 2875: 2869:, p. 52. 2868: 2863: 2861: 2844: 2840: 2834: 2818: 2814: 2808: 2802:, p. 51. 2801: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2775: 2771: 2765: 2759:, p. 43. 2758: 2753: 2747:, p. 44. 2746: 2741: 2735:, p. 45. 2734: 2729: 2727: 2719: 2714: 2712: 2705:, p. 26. 2704: 2699: 2692: 2687: 2679: 2675: 2669: 2661: 2657: 2651: 2643: 2639: 2633: 2627:, p. 21. 2626: 2621: 2613: 2609: 2603: 2601: 2594:, p. 15. 2593: 2588: 2573: 2569: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2542: 2536: 2534: 2526: 2521: 2517: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2483: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2438: 2437:Alf Cleverley 2435: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2425:A. L. Beattie 2423: 2422: 2413: 2409: 2406: 2403: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2389: 2386: 2383: 2379: 2376: 2375: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2341:Albion Motors 2339: 2337: 2334: 2333: 2324: 2320: 2317: 2314: 2310: 2307: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2284: 2281: 2280: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2219: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2203: 2195: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2177: 2174: 2172: 2168: 2165: 2164: 2163: 2157: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2127: 2124: 2123: 2122: 2117: 2114: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2092: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2082: 2079: 2077: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2039: 2038: 2037: 2029: 2027: 2023: 2018: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1982: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1950: 1946: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1934: 1930: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1918: 1914: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1902: 1898: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1882: 1879: 1876: 1873: 1872: 1869: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1838:Kaiwharawhara 1836: 1833: 1830: 1829: 1828: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1796: 1793: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1783: 1782: 1780: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1758: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1747: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1736: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1725: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1714: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1703: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1692: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1681: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1670: 1666: 1663: 1660: 1659: 1655: 1652: 1649: 1648: 1637: 1634: 1623: 1620: 1617: 1614: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1599: 1596: 1595: 1594: 1586: 1584: 1579: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1561: 1555: 1553: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1539: 1534: 1526: 1523: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1500: 1497: 1493: 1488: 1485: 1480: 1477: 1472: 1469: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1449: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1409: 1400: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1359:In 1968 the " 1357: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1343: 1342: 1332: 1327: 1323: 1321: 1311: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1292:Bay of Plenty 1289: 1285: 1281: 1276: 1274: 1270: 1265: 1263: 1258: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1208: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1185: 1183: 1177: 1174: 1168: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1149: 1142: 1137: 1130: 1125: 1118: 1114: 1107: 1102: 1096:Modernisation 1093: 1091: 1087: 1082: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1063: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1048:Gisborne Line 1044: 1041: 1033: 1028: 1019: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1001: 996: 994: 991: 988: 984: 979: 977: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 940: 936: 934: 930: 926: 921: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 894:Gordon Coates 891: 890:George Forbes 887: 881: 879: 868: 866: 862: 858: 855: 850: 848: 844: 839: 837: 833: 832:Rotorua-Taupo 828: 824: 820: 816: 815:Vincent Raven 812: 804: 801: 798: 795: 791: 788: 784: 780: 777: 773: 770: 767: 763: 762: 761: 758: 754: 752: 747: 743: 742:Gordon Coates 739: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 708: 706: 702: 693: 688: 681: 677: 672: 665: 662: 657: 650: 649:Gordon Coates 646: 637: 633: 631: 627: 623: 617: 615: 611: 607: 599: 594: 585: 583: 578: 575: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 509: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 486:, Wellington 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 466: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 438: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 415: 413: 409: 405: 404:A. L. Beattie 401: 397: 392: 390: 389:Thames Branch 386: 381: 377: 373: 368: 366: 363:built in the 362: 357: 355: 352:as the first 351: 350:Alfred Cadman 347: 343: 338: 336: 332: 328: 323: 321: 318:of 1879 from 317: 313: 309: 304: 302: 299:to build the 298: 289:1,067 mm 286: 280: 275: 273: 269: 265: 261: 252: 243: 241: 237: 232: 227: 225: 224:The Vogel Era 221: 217: 213: 204: 195: 192: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 148: 144: 140: 138: 134: 129: 126: 123: 119: 115: 110: 103: 98: 93: 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 66: 64: 60: 57: 54: 50: 45: 41: 36: 30: 19: 4144:Tranz Scenic 4123: 4015: 3982:at NZHistory 3954: 3935: 3916: 3892: 3872: 3853: 3844:1-86934048-5 3834: 3815: 3792: 3773: 3765:Bibliography 3750: 3738:. Retrieved 3734: 3726: 3714:. Retrieved 3710: 3701: 3680: 3676: 3670: 3658:. Retrieved 3648: 3627: 3623: 3584: 3567:Parsons 2002 3547:. Retrieved 3513:. Retrieved 3503: 3491:. Retrieved 3481: 3468: 3426: 3414:. Retrieved 3387: 3375: 3366: 3360: 3348: 3334: 3322: 3310:. Retrieved 3305: 3296: 3284:. Retrieved 3279: 3255:. Retrieved 3251: 3242: 3230:. Retrieved 3225: 3216: 3204:. Retrieved 3190: 3178: 3166: 3154: 3142:. Retrieved 3137: 3128: 3116: 3089: 3077: 3065: 3055:28 September 3053:. Retrieved 3048: 3039: 3025: 3015:28 September 3013:. Retrieved 3008: 2999: 2987:. Retrieved 2982: 2973: 2963:28 September 2961:. Retrieved 2959:. 6 May 1924 2956: 2947: 2937:28 September 2935:. Retrieved 2931: 2922: 2901:cite journal 2886: 2874: 2847:. Retrieved 2842: 2833: 2821:. Retrieved 2816: 2807: 2778:. Retrieved 2773: 2764: 2752: 2740: 2698: 2693:, p. 2. 2691:Cassels 1994 2686: 2677: 2668: 2659: 2650: 2641: 2632: 2620: 2587: 2575:. Retrieved 2545:. Retrieved 2527:, p. 1. 2520: 2473:George Troup 2392:GMV Aramoana 2382:TSS Earnslaw 2305:locomotives) 2303:NZR EW class 2295:NZR ED class 2291:NZR EC class 2194:Christchurch 2161: 2156:NZR Ub class 2138:Built eight 2120: 2051:locomotives) 2035: 2019: 2015:NZR TR class 2001:Nine of the 2000: 1984: 1867: 1834:Invercargill 1826: 1776: 1632: 1621:Traffic; and 1609:Refreshment; 1592: 1580: 1576: 1568: 1556: 1549: 1535: 1532: 1519: 1501: 1489: 1481: 1461:Mission Bush 1450: 1426:Invercargill 1422:Christchurch 1414: 1385:South Island 1377:New Plymouth 1358: 1355: 1352: 1346: 1340: 1336: 1330: 1317: 1277: 1266: 1259: 1235:North Island 1228: 1209: 1186: 1178: 1169: 1157:Frank Aickin 1154: 1083: 1064: 1045: 1037: 1012:Midland line 997: 980: 937: 922: 882: 874: 851: 840: 808: 759: 755: 749: 740: 720:South Island 716:Midland Line 712:Otira Tunnel 709: 697: 634: 618: 603: 579: 576: 572:Invercargill 544:Christchurch 520:New Plymouth 464: 439: 423:Waiau Branch 416: 400:George Troup 394:In 1906 the 393: 380:Midland line 369: 358: 339: 324: 305: 282: 277: 257: 236:South Island 228: 209: 193: 168: 164: 160: 158: 52:Headquarters 29: 4139:Tranz Metro 3707:"WORKSHOPS" 3549:10 February 3515:22 February 3416:10 February 3380:Bromby 2003 3206:10 February 3159:Pierre 1981 3094:Pierre 1981 3082:Pierre 1981 2849:22 December 2823:22 December 2703:Pierre 1981 2577:10 February 2547:23 February 2361:Hino Motors 2130:NZR T class 1864:Locomotives 1629:Performance 1603:Mechanical; 1597:Commercial; 1446:Silver Fern 1434:Silver Star 1361:Blue Streak 1131:locomotive. 819:Cook Strait 622:dining cars 606:World War I 588:World War I 344:of Premier 316:NZR T class 137:Track gauge 88:Predecessor 75:New Zealand 4171:Categories 4134:Tranz Rail 4026:1880–1981 3988:at Youtube 3755:Lloyd 2002 3452:Miles 1995 3312:15 October 3286:15 October 3257:15 October 3232:15 October 3144:23 October 2989:28 October 2507:References 2412:MV Aratika 2402:GMV Aranui 2350:Bedford SB 1874:Workshops 1545:System/370 1438:Wellington 1365:Wellington 1193:Wellington 1139:RM 114 at 914:Bob Semple 861:valve gear 849:'s years. 785:under the 508:Waipukurau 504:Dannevirke 458:Taumarunui 431:Canterbury 348:appointed 331:Te Awamutu 285:rail gauge 56:Wellington 3740:1 October 3716:1 October 3693:0028-8624 3640:0028-8624 2932:nzlii.org 2512:Citations 2022:Newmarket 1953:Newmarket 1889:Addington 1840:(signals) 1773:Workshops 1243:Wairarapa 920:in 1936. 908:line and 906:Rangiahua 867:in 1932. 748:, said, “ 680:Wairarapa 548:Ashburton 536:Whanganui 524:Stratford 500:Woodville 496:Masterton 429:Ferry in 419:Culverden 268:Addington 260:John Hall 220:Ferrymead 131:Technical 121:Successor 4088:KiwiRail 4000:on NZRLS 3994:on NZETC 3660:19 April 3544:KiwiRail 2780:17 April 2572:KiwiRail 2480:See also 2132:of 1879. 1969:Westport 1905:Hillside 1880:Rebuild 1854:Westport 1766:3,738.9 1711:4,058.9 1589:Branches 1515:DF class 1442:Auckland 1420:between 1373:Hamilton 1369:Auckland 1347:Aramoana 1341:Aramoana 1262:RM class 1197:Auckland 1173:EW class 1165:DE class 1141:Kaikōura 1129:DA class 1117:DF class 1106:DE class 1090:Rail Air 1006:and the 843:Liberals 813:and Sir 736:EC class 705:Frankton 512:Hastings 488:Thorndon 476:Feilding 442:Auckland 47:Overview 3493:6 March 3438:. 1966. 2680:. 1881. 2614:. 1966. 2319:Toshiba 2266:Toshiba 2242:Hitachi 2171:Dunedin 2045:Fairlie 2026:Otahuhu 2024:, then 1763:11,500 1752:11,400 1741:11,800 1730:11,700 1719:12,600 1708:13,600 1697:13,200 1686:12,900 1675:13,200 1664:12,100 1653:11,300 1618:Stores; 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