492:
476:
141:
107:
467:
wine by Daho Mona as a symbolic gesture. The officer refused, saying that Daho Mona's hands were soiled with blood from the slaughtered animals. Daho Mona attempted to take hold of the officer, insisting he participate, and the officer struck him with his stick. Fighting ensued, and the officer was injured. Mona Rudao attempted to apologize by presenting a flagon of wine at the officer's house, but was turned away. The simmering resentment among the Seediq in Musha was finally pushed to the limit.
1289:
557:, also took a harsh approach to controlling Taiwan's indigenous peoples: certain tribes were disarmed and left unprotected, giving their aboriginal enemies an opportunity to annihilate them on behalf of the Japanese administration. Around 500 of the Seediq involved in the Musha Incident surrendered and were subsequently confined to a village near Musha. However, on 25 April 1931, indigenous groups working with the Japanese authorities attacked the village,
407:, which resulted in a cycle of rebel attacks and harsh Japanese retaliation. However, by the 1930s, armed resistance had largely been replaced by organised political and social movements among the younger Taiwanese generation. Direct police involvement in local administration had been relaxed, many harsh punishments were abolished, and some elements of self-government, albeit of questionable effectiveness, had been introduced to colonial Taiwan.
433:, and treated as inferiors, rather than as equal subjects. Tribes were "tamed" through "assimilation", the process of disarming traditional hunting tribes and forcing them to relocate to the plains and lead an agrarian existence. Further resistance was then dealt with by military campaigns, isolation and containment. In order to access natural resources in mountainous and forested indigenous-controlled areas,
484:
31:
564:
The uprising did effect a change in the authorities' attitudes and approaches towards aboriginals in Taiwan. Musha had been regarded as the most "enlightened and compliant" of the aboriginal territories, and the colonial power's inability to prevent the massacre provoked a fear of similar nationalist
536:
bombs in what was allegedly the first such use of chemical warfare in Asia. The uprising was swiftly quelled, with any remaining resistance suppressed by the third week of
December 1930; Mona Rudao had committed suicide on November 28, but the uprising had continued under other leaders. Of the 1,200
394:
indigenous group in the settlement of Musha (Wushe) attacked a school, killing 134 Japanese and two Han
Taiwanese children. In response, the Japanese led a counter-attack, killing 354 Seediq in retaliation. The handling of the incident by the Japanese authorities was strongly criticised, leading to
466:
In the days immediately prior to the incident, Chief Mona Rudao held a traditional wedding banquet for his son, Daho Mona, during which animals were slaughtered and wine was prepared and drunk. A Japanese police officer named
Katsuhiko Yoshimura was on patrol in the area, and was offered a cup of
531:
ordered a counter-offensive of two thousand troops to be sent to Musha, forcing the Seediq to retreat into the mountains and carry out guerrilla attacks by night. Unable to root out the Seediq despite their superior numbers and greater firepower, the
Japanese faced a political need for a faster
503:
led over 300 Seediq warriors in a raid of strategic police sub-stations to capture weapons and ammunition. They then moved on to the elementary school, concentrating their attack on the
Japanese in attendance. A total of 134 Japanese, including women and children, were killed in the attack. Two
604:
and Toda did not. The rivalry of the Seediq with the Toda and Truku was aggravated by the Musha
Incident, given that the Japanese had long played them off against each other. Following the incident,Seediq land was ceded to the Truku and Toda by the Japanese.
978:
Meitetsu
Haruyama says that instead of mustard gas, hundreds of rounds of tear gas and at least three rounds of a special gas (a combination of cyanide and tear gas) were used. However, it is unclear whether it had any effect or
444:, attempting to pacify or eradicate aboriginal groups in areas scheduled for logging within five years' time; by 1915, this policy had been largely successful, although resistance still existed in the more remote areas.
1001:
574:) became the dominant expression of colonial control: aboriginals came to be seen as imperial subjects on equal footing with other ethnic groups in Taiwan, and were upgraded in status from "raw savages" to
552:
Due to internal and external criticism of their handling of the incident, Ishizuka and Hitomi Jirō, his chief civil administrator, were forced to resign in
January 1931. However, Ishizuka's replacement,
211:
1020:"Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare. Geneva, 17 June 1925: States parties and signatories"
459:
being one of 43 indigenous leaders selected for a tour of Japan a few years earlier. However, resentment still lingered, due largely to police misconduct, the ongoing practice of
2303:
452:
The Seediq people in the vicinity of Musha village had been considered by the
Japanese authorities to be one of the most successful examples of this "taming" approach, with
1576:
1494:
204:
2298:
243:
2424:
1699:
249:
197:
1729:
1236:
309:
2187:
1002:"Protocol For the Prohibition of the Use In War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous, or Other Gases, And of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare (Geneva Protocol)"
277:
565:
movements starting in Taiwan, Korea, and Japan itself. A change in policy was clearly needed. Ching suggests that the institution of empire-building (
403:
Previous armed resistance to
Japanese imperial authority had been dealt with harshly, as demonstrated by responses to previous uprisings, such as the
2389:
2333:
293:
649:(originally published in Chinese in 1999, published in English translation in 2017) is a fictionalized account of the aftermath of this incident.
1263:
255:
1037:
Ching, L. (1 December 2000). "Savage Construction and Civility Making: The Musha Incident and Aboriginal Representations in Colonial Taiwan".
625:
910:
Heé, Nadin (August 2014). "Taiwan under Japanese Rule. Showpiece of a Model Colony? Historiographical Tendencies in Narrating Colonialism".
2394:
2205:
2338:
1719:
1650:
1019:
2053:
1663:
1545:
1173:
1446:
1436:
1023:
549:, the treaty does not apply to internal disturbances or conflicts, and Japan was not a signatory to the treaty until May 21, 1975.
750:
Lamley, Harry J. (2007). "Taiwan Under Japanese Rule, 1895-1945: The Vicissitudes of Colonialism". In Rubinstein, Murry A. (ed.).
936:
Eric Croddy, "China's Role in the Chemical and Biological Disarmament Regimes", The Nonproliferation Review Spring 2002: 16, <
499:
On 27 October 1930, hundreds of Japanese converged on Musha for an athletics meet at the elementary school. Shortly before dawn,
441:
1241:
2251:
2225:
856:
689:
2439:
2195:
2023:
1779:
1655:
1555:
1540:
1451:
1411:
532:
solution. Consequently, Japan's army air corps in Taiwan ordered bombing runs over Musha to smoke out the rebels, dropping
2434:
2369:
2323:
2318:
2038:
1535:
1890:
1885:
1784:
1724:
1515:
1505:
1196:
898:
1206:
1201:
1097:
1073:
963:
813:
759:
734:
2230:
2215:
2210:
1920:
1679:
1612:
1401:
1221:
1216:
524:
The Japanese authorities responded with unprecedentedly harsh military action. A press blackout was enforced, and
1913:
537:
Seediq directly involved in the uprising, 644 died, 290 of whom committed suicide to avoid dishonour. While the
2293:
1935:
1636:
1406:
1211:
2419:
2414:
2220:
1645:
1560:
1550:
1166:
2409:
2200:
2071:
1525:
1466:
1456:
411:
281:
2364:
1875:
1694:
1565:
491:
2359:
2162:
2131:
1127:
558:
525:
434:
387:
225:
61:
1140:
1114:
2384:
2121:
2116:
2043:
1998:
1789:
1476:
1005:
1978:
1268:
508:
dressed in Japanese clothing were also mistakenly killed, one of whom was a girl wearing a Japanese
2235:
2018:
1960:
1908:
1530:
1358:
1159:
357:
2379:
2058:
1930:
1860:
1669:
1421:
1348:
630:
313:
297:
259:
600:
During the Musha Incident, the Seediq under Mona Rudao revolted against the Japanese, while the
2429:
2399:
2374:
2008:
1770:
1734:
1710:
1607:
1592:
1441:
1353:
475:
2404:
1794:
1256:
189:
1925:
1749:
1739:
1251:
57:
8:
2157:
2104:
2077:
2067:
2013:
2003:
1988:
1865:
1689:
1368:
1363:
1246:
1940:
613:
The Musha Incident has been depicted three times in movies, in 1957 in the Chinese film
116:
99:
2126:
2063:
1880:
1850:
1391:
834:
561:
all remaining males over the age of 15. This is known as the "Second Musha Incident".
365:
2167:
1855:
1835:
1602:
1231:
1093:
1069:
959:
894:
809:
755:
730:
658:
337:
237:
65:
1311:
2308:
2028:
1744:
1416:
1046:
919:
864:
726:
693:
333:
2283:
528:
145:
30:
2328:
2033:
1950:
1870:
1343:
1182:
542:
538:
404:
383:
287:
140:
112:
1945:
955:
554:
2278:
2172:
1983:
1840:
1804:
1226:
349:
265:
2313:
2288:
378:
and several other similar names, began in October 1930 and was the last major
2353:
1799:
1520:
1510:
1338:
1303:
1050:
601:
505:
437:
391:
69:
1900:
1396:
1273:
717:
590:
460:
453:
120:
1970:
1587:
937:
35:
A photo taken by the Japanese authorities in the aftermath of the Incident
2048:
1597:
638:
594:
533:
1845:
1461:
923:
663:
500:
456:
133:
1754:
2177:
2152:
2147:
1955:
1826:
1759:
1431:
1092:. Translated by Michael Berry. New York: Columbia University Press.
546:
379:
271:
2256:
1684:
1375:
1319:
390:. In response to long-term oppression by Japanese authorities, the
1151:
1426:
2109:
1278:
513:
509:
415:
341:
221:
73:
483:
463:, and the lack of respect for Indigenous beliefs and customs.
219:
1471:
1128:"Taiwan in Time: Confusion and tears' of an ill-fated clan"
410:
However, a different approach was used in order to control
593:
education was intensified, promoting Japanese culture and
754:(expanded ed.). New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 224.
516:. The Seediqs had intended to kill only Japanese people.
982:
787:
785:
783:
871:
716:
2351:
2334:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
780:
768:
2304:German pre–World War II industrial co-operation
575:
479:Commander and staff of the Musha Punitive force
419:
2425:Military operations involving chemical weapons
1288:
1115:"Taiwan in Time: The long road to retaliation"
582:
569:
487:Mikata-Ban, a force of pro-Japanese aborigines
426:
1167:
1068:. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. p. 395.
618:
205:
1141:"Taiwan in Time: Fighting for the oppressor"
725:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. p.
684:
682:
680:
678:
1651:Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office
829:
827:
825:
1174:
1160:
1138:
1125:
1112:
891:Japanese political parties and the Emperor
431:, "raw barbarians" or "wild tribespeople")
212:
198:
2054:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1664:Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors
690:"Wushe Incident - Encyclopedia of Taiwan"
675:
2390:Taiwanese aboriginal culture and history
1437:National Spiritual Mobilization Movement
1024:International Committee of the Red Cross
949:
940:>, accessed 24 September 2011, p. 17.
822:
495:Beheaded Seediq at Second Musha Incident
490:
482:
474:
938:http://cns.miis.edu/npr/pdfs/91crod.pdf
2352:
2252:Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
1066:Historical dictionary of Taiwan cinema
1039:Positions: East Asia Cultures Critique
749:
1155:
1036:
193:
1656:Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff
1412:Imperial Rule Assistance Association
988:
877:
803:
2395:Violence against indigenous peoples
2324:Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman
1566:East Asia Development Board (Kōain)
1181:
1063:
909:
808:. Rimini: Il Cerchio. p. 222.
791:
774:
714:
395:many changes in Aboriginal policy.
13:
1106:
447:
14:
2451:
636:, and in the 2011 Taiwanese film
545:by land, naval, and air forces a
2024:Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
1287:
541:of 1925 made the wartime use of
139:
105:
29:
16:1930 uprising in Japanese Taiwan
2039:Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
1082:
1057:
1030:
1012:
994:
972:
943:
930:
903:
883:
608:
519:
370:
2294:Japanese settlers in Manchuria
1407:Imperial Rescript on Education
1139:Han Cheung (30 October 2016).
1126:Han Cheung (25 October 2020).
1113:Han Cheung (23 October 2016).
849:
797:
743:
708:
442:more aggressive terrain policy
1:
1740:Imperial Way Faction (Kōdōha)
1646:Imperial General Headquarters
1237:Foreign commerce and shipping
863:. 11 Mar 2014. Archived from
669:
587:, "tribal peoples of Taiwan")
398:
2440:Massacres committed by Japan
2072:Hirohito surrender broadcast
1467:Greater East Asia Conference
414:. The indigenous peoples of
7:
1452:Supreme Court of Judicature
950:Haruyama, Meitetsu (2002).
723:Taiwan: A Political History
652:
597:in the younger generation.
576:
512:. Most of the victims were
470:
420:
412:Taiwan's indigenous peoples
184:Military casualties unknown
10:
2456:
2435:Military history of Taiwan
2370:Taiwan under Japanese rule
2163:Second Philippine Republic
1936:Manchuria–Mongolia problem
47:27 October – December 1930
2271:
2244:
2186:
2140:
2097:
2090:
2044:Japan during World War II
1999:Pacification of Manchukuo
1969:
1899:
1891:Invasion of Taiwan (1895)
1886:Invasion of Taiwan (1874)
1824:
1817:
1768:
1755:Control Faction (Tōseiha)
1708:
1634:
1627:
1574:
1492:
1485:
1477:Imperial Japanese Airways
1384:
1331:
1296:
1285:
1189:
1006:Nuclear Threat Initiative
804:Hung, Chien-Chao (2000).
718:"The Japanese Occupation"
619:
583:
570:
427:
418:were still designated as
233:
164:
151:
127:
93:
39:
28:
23:
2019:Second Sino-Japanese War
1961:Racial Equality Proposal
1541:Agriculture and Commerce
1090:Remains of Life: A Novel
1051:10.1215/10679847-8-3-795
623:), in the 2003 TV drama
1931:Washington Naval Treaty
1876:Anglo–Japanese Alliance
1861:First Sino-Japanese War
1680:Nuclear weapons program
1422:Great Japan Youth Party
1349:National seals of Japan
244:Hitome-no-seki Incident
2009:Motherland controversy
1979:Shōwa financial crisis
1771:Imperial Japanese Navy
1711:Imperial Japanese Army
1442:Peace Preservation Law
1064:Lee, Daw-Ming (2013).
861:Encyclopedia of Taiwan
496:
488:
480:
128:Commanders and leaders
56:Musha, Nōkō District,
1921:Siberian Intervention
1730:Railways and Shipping
1546:Commerce and Industry
1242:Industrial production
752:Taiwan: A New History
595:fealty to the emperor
494:
486:
478:
374:), also known as the
250:Shimaigahara Incident
165:Casualties and losses
2420:December 1930 events
2415:November 1930 events
2339:Political dissidence
2188:Occupied territories
1926:General Election Law
1750:Taiwan Army of Japan
835:"The Wushe Incident"
2410:October 1930 events
2158:Wang Jingwei regime
2068:Potsdam Declaration
2059:Soviet–Japanese War
2014:Anti-Comintern Pact
2004:January 28 incident
1989:London Naval Treaty
1866:Triple Intervention
1695:Supreme War Council
1579:deliberative bodies
806:A history of Taiwan
715:Roy, Denny (2003).
224:rebellions against
2365:Rebellions in Asia
1881:Russo-Japanese War
1851:Two Lords Incident
1506:Imperial Household
924:10.1111/hic3.12180
889:Yukio Ito (2002).
645:The Chinese novel
497:
489:
481:
340:: 霧社事件;
310:Kobayashi Incident
2360:Conflicts in 1930
2347:
2346:
2319:Socialist thought
2267:
2266:
2206:Dutch East Indies
2168:Empire of Vietnam
2086:
2085:
1856:Satsuma Rebellion
1836:Meiji Restoration
1813:
1812:
1623:
1622:
1561:Greater East Asia
1447:Political parties
1402:Foreign relations
867:on 25 March 2014.
659:History of Taiwan
382:against colonial
354:Wu-she Shih-chien
323:
322:
238:Xincheng Incident
188:
187:
89:
88:
58:Taichū Prefecture
2447:
2385:Combat incidents
2309:Shinmin no Michi
2299:Internment camps
2211:French Indochina
2095:
2094:
1941:Taishō Democracy
1822:
1821:
1745:Japanese holdout
1632:
1631:
1556:Colonial Affairs
1490:
1489:
1417:Yokusan Sonendan
1323:
1315:
1307:
1291:
1290:
1217:Economic history
1176:
1169:
1162:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1135:
1122:
1101:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1016:
1010:
1009:
998:
992:
986:
980:
976:
970:
969:
947:
941:
934:
928:
927:
907:
901:
887:
881:
875:
869:
868:
857:"Wushe Incident"
853:
847:
846:
844:
842:
837:. The Takao Club
831:
820:
819:
801:
795:
789:
778:
772:
766:
765:
747:
741:
740:
720:
712:
706:
705:
703:
701:
696:on 25 March 2014
692:. Archived from
686:
634:
622:
621:
615:Qing Shan bi xue
588:
586:
585:
579:
573:
572:
543:chemical weapons
526:Governor General
435:Governor-General
432:
430:
429:
423:
372:
278:Kosempo Incident
228:
214:
207:
200:
191:
190:
144:
143:
111:
109:
108:
85:Japanese victory
41:
40:
33:
21:
20:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2343:
2329:Yasukuni Shrine
2263:
2240:
2182:
2136:
2082:
2034:Tripartite Pact
2029:Rape of Nanking
1965:
1951:Tapani incident
1895:
1871:Boxer Rebellion
1829:
1809:
1773:
1764:
1713:
1704:
1639:
1619:
1613:Representatives
1581:
1578:
1577:Legislative and
1570:
1536:Foreign Affairs
1499:
1496:
1481:
1380:
1359:Government Seal
1344:Rising Sun Flag
1327:
1321:
1313:
1305:
1292:
1283:
1185:
1183:Empire of Japan
1180:
1109:
1107:Further reading
1104:
1087:
1083:
1076:
1062:
1058:
1035:
1031:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1000:
999:
995:
987:
983:
977:
973:
966:
948:
944:
935:
931:
912:History Compass
908:
904:
888:
884:
876:
872:
855:
854:
850:
840:
838:
833:
832:
823:
816:
802:
798:
790:
781:
773:
769:
762:
748:
744:
737:
713:
709:
699:
697:
688:
687:
676:
672:
655:
647:Remains of Life
628:
611:
580:
539:Geneva Protocol
522:
473:
450:
448:Proximal causes
424:
405:Tapani Incident
401:
388:Japanese Taiwan
376:Wushe Rebellion
326:
325:
324:
319:
288:Tapani Incident
229:
220:
218:
138:
119:
115:
113:Empire of Japan
106:
104:
77:
66:Ren'ai Township
62:Japanese Taiwan
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2453:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2380:1930 in Taiwan
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2275:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2173:State of Burma
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2101:
2099:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1994:Musha Incident
1991:
1986:
1984:Jinan incident
1981:
1975:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1905:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1841:Beipu uprising
1838:
1832:
1830:
1825:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1805:Treaty Faction
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1776:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1735:Imperial Guard
1732:
1727:
1722:
1716:
1714:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1642:
1640:
1635:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1600:
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1495:Administration
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1199:
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1171:
1164:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1136:
1123:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1088:Wu He (2017).
1081:
1074:
1056:
1029:
1011:
993:
991:, p. 223.
981:
971:
964:
958:. p. 64.
942:
929:
918:(8): 632–641.
902:
899:978-4062689229
882:
880:, p. 222.
870:
848:
821:
814:
796:
779:
767:
760:
742:
735:
707:
673:
671:
668:
667:
666:
661:
654:
651:
610:
607:
521:
518:
472:
469:
449:
446:
416:Formosa Island
400:
397:
371:Bū-siā Sū-kiāⁿ
330:Musha Incident
321:
320:
318:
317:
307:
304:Musha Incident
301:
294:Dahun Incident
291:
285:
275:
269:
266:Beipu Uprising
263:
253:
247:
241:
234:
231:
230:
217:
216:
209:
202:
194:
186:
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83:
79:
78:
55:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
26:
25:
24:Musha Incident
19:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2452:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2430:Mass suicides
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2400:Seediq people
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2375:1930 in Japan
2373:
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2300:
2297:
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2285:
2284:Fukoku kyōhei
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2258:
2255:
2254:
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2250:
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2179:
2176:
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2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2141:Puppet states
2139:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2106:
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2027:
2025:
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2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
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1968:
1962:
1959:
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1806:
1803:
1801:
1800:Fleet Faction
1798:
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1783:
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1780:General Staff
1778:
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1720:General Staff
1718:
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1707:
1701:
1698:
1696:
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1673:military code
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1614:
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1609:
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1603:Imperial Diet
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1593:Privy Council
1591:
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1580:
1573:
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1534:
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1512:
1511:Home Ministry
1509:
1507:
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1503:
1501:
1498:
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1354:Imperial Seal
1352:
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1347:
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1339:Flag of Japan
1337:
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1210:
1208:
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1203:
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1198:
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1192:
1188:
1184:
1177:
1172:
1170:
1165:
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1158:
1157:
1154:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1110:
1099:
1098:9780231166010
1095:
1091:
1085:
1077:
1075:9780810879225
1071:
1067:
1060:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1025:
1021:
1015:
1007:
1003:
997:
990:
985:
975:
967:
965:4-16-358560-5
961:
957:
953:
946:
939:
933:
925:
921:
917:
913:
906:
900:
896:
892:
886:
879:
874:
866:
862:
858:
852:
836:
830:
828:
826:
817:
815:9788886583800
811:
807:
800:
794:, p. 51.
793:
788:
786:
784:
777:, p. 49.
776:
771:
763:
761:9780765614940
757:
753:
746:
738:
736:9780801488054
732:
728:
724:
719:
711:
695:
691:
685:
683:
681:
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662:
660:
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656:
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616:
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603:
598:
596:
592:
578:
568:
562:
560:
556:
550:
548:
544:
540:
535:
530:
529:Ishizuka Eizō
527:
517:
515:
511:
507:
506:Han Taiwanese
502:
493:
485:
477:
468:
464:
462:
458:
455:
445:
443:
439:
438:Sakuma Samata
436:
422:
417:
413:
408:
406:
396:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
346:Wùshè Shìjiàn
343:
339:
335:
331:
315:
311:
308:
305:
302:
299:
295:
292:
289:
286:
283:
279:
276:
273:
270:
267:
264:
261:
257:
256:Wili Incident
254:
251:
248:
245:
242:
239:
236:
235:
232:
227:
226:Japanese rule
223:
215:
210:
208:
203:
201:
196:
195:
192:
180:
177:
176:
175:
172:
169:
168:
163:
159:
156:
155:
150:
147:
146:Ishizuka Eizō
142:
137:
135:
132:
131:
126:
122:
118:
114:
103:
101:
98:
97:
92:
84:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:Nantou County
67:
63:
59:
54:
51:
50:
46:
43:
42:
38:
32:
27:
22:
2405:Truku people
2272:Other topics
2108:
1993:
1946:Taishō Roman
1700:Conscription
1670:
1662:
1637:Armed Forces
1497:(ministries)
1397:Charter Oath
1392:Constitution
1274:State Shinto
1257:Essentialism
1207:Demographics
1145:Taipei Times
1144:
1132:Taipei Times
1131:
1119:Taipei Times
1118:
1089:
1084:
1065:
1059:
1042:
1038:
1032:
1014:
996:
984:
974:
956:Bungeishunjū
951:
945:
932:
915:
911:
905:
890:
885:
873:
865:the original
860:
851:
841:21 September
839:. Retrieved
805:
799:
770:
751:
745:
722:
710:
698:. Retrieved
694:the original
646:
644:
637:
624:
614:
612:
609:In the media
599:
591:Japanization
577:takasagozoku
566:
563:
555:Ōta Masahiro
551:
523:
520:Consequences
498:
465:
461:forced labor
451:
409:
402:
375:
369:
361:
356:;
353:
348:;
345:
329:
327:
303:
252:(姊妹原事件) 1903
246:(人止關事件) 1902
174:27 October:
173:
94:Belligerents
64:(modern-day
2314:Shōwa Modan
2289:Hakkō ichiu
2226:Philippines
2113:after 1943)
2091:Territories
2049:Pacific War
1909:World War I
1785:Air Service
1725:Air Service
1598:Gozen Kaigi
1314:(Yoshihito)
1306:(Mutsuhito)
1252:Nationalism
1197:Agriculture
989:Hung (2000)
878:Hung (2000)
700:23 November
639:Seediq Bale
629: [
626:Dana Sakura
534:mustard gas
362:Musha Jiken
300:) 1915-1933
181:215 wounded
178:~134 killed
2354:Categories
2078:Occupation
1901:Taishō era
1846:Boshin War
1690:War crimes
1486:Government
1462:Tonarigumi
1369:Privy Seal
1364:State Seal
1322:(Hirohito)
1247:Militarism
1202:Censorship
1045:(3): 799.
792:Roy (2003)
775:Roy (2003)
670:References
664:Mona Rudao
501:Mona Rudao
457:Mona Rudao
440:adopted a
399:Background
386:forces in
366:Pe̍h-ōe-jī
350:Wade–Giles
170:644 killed
134:Mona Rudao
2279:Sonnō jōi
2231:Singapore
2216:Hong Kong
2178:Azad Hind
2153:Mengjiang
2148:Manchukuo
2122:Kantō-shū
2064:Surrender
1971:Shōwa era
1956:Truku War
1827:Meiji era
1795:Tokkeitai
1760:Kempeitai
1671:Senjinkun
1588:Daijō-kan
1551:Munitions
1432:Mokusatsu
1222:Education
559:beheading
547:war crime
272:Truku War
222:Taiwanese
2257:Yen bloc
2245:Ideology
2236:Thailand
2105:Karafuto
2098:Colonies
1685:Kamikaze
1628:Military
1531:Treasury
1385:Policies
1376:Kimigayo
1297:Emperors
1264:Politics
1232:Eugenics
1190:Overview
952:世界戦争犯罪事典
653:See also
514:beheaded
471:Incident
384:Japanese
380:uprising
338:Japanese
152:Strength
123:(Taroko)
52:Location
1818:History
1790:Marines
1427:Kokutai
1332:Symbols
1312:Taishō
1269:Statism
1212:Economy
893:p.327.
567:kominka
334:Chinese
2221:Malaya
2196:Borneo
2132:Taiwan
2127:Nan'yō
2117:Chōsen
2110:naichi
1320:Shōwa
1304:Meiji
1279:Kazoku
1227:System
1096:
1072:
962:
897:
812:
758:
733:
510:kimono
421:seiban
392:Seediq
368::
358:rōmaji
342:pinyin
316:) 1937
284:) 1915
262:) 1906
160:~2,000
157:~1,200
110:
100:Tkdaya
82:Result
74:Taiwan
2201:Burma
1914:Entry
1608:Peers
1472:Senbu
1457:Tokkō
633:]
602:Truku
454:Chief
282:甲仙埔事件
121:Truku
1526:Navy
1521:Army
1094:ISBN
1070:ISBN
979:not.
960:ISBN
895:ISBN
843:2011
810:ISBN
756:ISBN
731:ISBN
702:2012
620:青山碧血
336:and
328:The
314:小林事件
306:1930
298:大分事件
290:1915
274:1914
268:1907
260:威里事件
240:1896
117:Toda
44:Date
1516:War
1047:doi
920:doi
642:.
584:高砂族
571:皇民化
2356::
2070:,
1143:.
1130:.
1117:.
1041:.
1022:.
1004:.
954:.
916:12
914:.
859:.
824:^
782:^
729:.
727:35
721:.
677:^
631:zh
589:.
428:生蕃
364:;
360::
352::
344::
72:,
68:,
60:,
2107:(
2074:)
2066:(
1175:e
1168:t
1161:v
1147:.
1134:.
1121:.
1100:.
1078:.
1053:.
1049::
1043:8
1026:.
1008:.
968:.
926:.
922::
845:.
818:.
764:.
739:.
704:.
617:(
581:(
425:(
332:(
312:(
296:(
280:(
258:(
213:e
206:t
199:v
76:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
