1492:
550:
404:
285:
247:
38:
261:
395:) was one of the first changes in MMC. These cards can operate at 1.8 V in addition to 3.3 V. Running at lower voltages reduces the card's energy consumption, which is important in mobile devices. However, simple dual-voltage parts quickly went out of production in favor of MMCplus and MMCmobile, which offer capabilities in addition to dual-voltage capability.
331:) was introduced as a smaller form factor of the MMC, with about half the size: 24 mm Ă— 18 mm Ă— 1.4 mm. The RS-MMC uses a simple mechanical adapter to elongate the card so it can be used in any MMC (or SD) slot. RS-MMCs are currently available in sizes up to and including 2 GB.
532:
The card was announced to be available starting in the third quarter of 2007. It was expected to save the 12 Taiwanese companies who planned to manufacture the product and related hardware up to US$ 40 million in licensing fees, which presumably would otherwise be paid to owners of competing flash
450:
is a smaller version of MMC. With dimensions of 14 mm Ă— 12 mm Ă— 1.1 mm, it is smaller and thinner than RS-MMC. Like MMCmobile, MMCmicro allows dual voltage, is backward compatible with MMC, and can be used in full-size MMC and SD slots with a mechanical adapter. MMCmicro
411:
The version 4.x of the MMC standard, introduced in 2005, introduced two significant changes to compete against SD cards: (1) the ability to run at higher speeds (26 MHz and 52 MHz) than the original MMC (20 MHz) or SD (25 MHz, 50 MHz), and (2) a four- or eight-bit-wide
485:
is a backward-compatible extension of the MMC standard with a theoretical maximum size of 2048 GB (2 terabytes) announced on 2 June 2007. The card is composed of two detachable parts, much like a microSD card with an SD adapter. The small memory card fits directly in a USB port and has
430:
Version 4.x cards are fully backward compatible with existing readers but require updated hardware and software to use their new capabilities. Even though the four-bit-wide bus and high-speed modes of operation are deliberately electrically compatible with SD, the initialization protocol is
303:
The latest eMMC specifications can be requested from JEDEC, free-of-charge for JEDEC members. Older versions of the standard are freely available, but some optional enhancements to the standard such as MiCard and SecureMMC specifications, must be purchased separately.
765:
Modern computers, both laptops and desktops, often have SD slots, which can additionally read MMCs if the operating system drivers can. Since the introduction of SD cards, few companies build MMC slots into their devices (an exception is some mobile devices like the
155:, MMC is based on a surface-contact low-pin-count serial interface using a single memory stack substrate assembly, and is therefore much smaller than earlier systems based on high-pin-count parallel interfaces using traditional surface-mount assembly such as
584:. The eMMC controller hardware and firmware lifts the burden on the host system by performing error correction and data management. eMMC exists in 100, 153, and 169 ball packages and is based on an 8-bit parallel interface.
770:
communicator in 2004, where the smaller size of the MMC is a benefit), but the slightly thinner, pin-compatible MMCs can be used in almost any device that can use SD cards if the software/firmware on the device is capable.
576:(BGA) IC package for use in circuit boards as an embedded non-volatile memory system. This is noticeably different from other versions of MMC as this is not a user-removable card, but rather a permanent attachment to the
486:
MMC-compatible electrical contacts. With an included electromechanical adapter, it can also fit in traditional MMC and SD card readers. To date, only one manufacturer (Pretec) has produced cards in this format.
529:) had signed on to manufacture the new memory card. However, as of June 2011, none of the listed companies had released any such cards, nor had any further announcements been made about plans for the format.
580:(PCB). Therefore, in the event of an issue with either the memory or its controller, the eMMC would need to be replaced or repaired. In eMMC, the host system simply reads and writes data to and from the
346:
card adapter in the RS-MMC form factor. This allows a user to take advantage of the wider range of modern MMCs available to exceed the historic 2 GB limitations of older chip technology.
1491:
379:
cards, with the company dropping support for the MMC standard in its products. While
Siemens exited the mobile phone business completely in 2006, the company continues to use MMC for some
533:
memory formats. The initial card was to have a capacity of 8 GB, while the standard would allow sizes up to 2048 GB. It was stated to have data transfer speeds of 480
1196:
825:
hard disk drives. This interface was electrically and physically compatible with the MMC specification. However, support for further development of the standard ended in 2008.
963:
440:
293:
510:
522:
591:(UFS) started to take control of the market. However, as of 2023, eMMC is still used in many consumer applications, including lower-end smartphones, such that
790:
phone or in a low-cost PC and can appear to its host as a bootable device, in lieu of a more expensive form of solid-state storage, such as a traditional
1133:
514:
462:
on 13 December 2004. It was later adapted and introduced in 2005 by the MultiMediaCard
Association (MMCA) as the third form factor memory card in the
933:
1401:
832:
was found to be based on the MMC standard, but with a different pinout and support for custom initialization commands as well as copy protection.
1642:
307:
While there is no royalty charged for devices to host an MMC or eMMC, a royalty may be necessary in order to manufacture the cards themselves.
300:
including embedded MMC (eMMC), SecureMMC, and miCARD assets. JEDEC is an organization devoted to standards for the solid-state industry.
1057:
451:
cards have the high-speed and four-bit-bus features of the 4.x spec, but not the eight-bit bus, due to the absence of the extra pins.
1223:
985:
526:
490:
173:, but newer versions of the specification allow transfers of 4 or 8 bits at a time. MMC can be used in many devices that can use
955:
1453:
1277:
778:
market, the embedded MMC (e.MMC) is still widely used in consumer electronics as a primary means of integrated storage and
277:) by JEDEC is version 5.1A, released January 2019, with speeds (250 MB/s read, 125 MB/s write) rivaling discrete
1411:
902:
877:
782:
in portable devices. eMMC provides a low-cost flash-memory system with a built-in controller that can reside inside an
867:
310:
A highly detailed datasheet that contains essential information for writing an MMC host driver is available online.
166:
MMC is about the size of a postage stamp: 32 mm Ă— 24 mm Ă— 1.4 mm. MMC originally used a 1-
1007:
200:. Typically, an MMC operates as a storage medium for devices, in a form that can easily be removed for access by a
371:, and generations 65 and 75 (Siemens). However, since 2006, all of Nokia's new devices with card slots have used
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Top of four types of MMC cards (clockwise from left): MMC, RS-MMC, MMCplus, MMCmobile, metal extender
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different, so firmware and software updates are required to use these features in an SD reader.
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Almost all mobile phones and tablets used this form of flash for main storage until 2016, when
288:
Undersides of an MMC (left) and SD card (right) showing the differences between the two formats
222:
1439:
577:
774:
While few companies build MMC slots into devices as of 2018, due to SD cards dominating the
274:
1197:"KIOXIA Introduces Next Generation e-MMC Ver. 5.1-Compliant Embedded Flash Memory Products"
572:) architecture puts the MMC components (flash memory, buffer and controller) into a small
8:
403:
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218:
144:
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810:
37:
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873:
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1224:"eMMC Destined to Live a Bit Longer: KIOXIA Releases New Generation of eMMC Modules"
1637:
1632:
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473:, but the two formats are not physically compatible and have incompatible pinouts.
170:
1599:
1415:
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1058:"MC2GH512NMCA-2SA00 datasheet(1/102 Pages) SAMSUNG | SAMSUNG MultiMediaCard"
573:
413:
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211:
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has introduced new 64 GB and 128 GB eMMC 5.1 modules based on modern
193:
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115:
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1506:
1134:"Pretec Announces S-Diamond, 1st in the World to Implement miCARD Standard"
189:
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497:. At the time of the announcement, twelve Taiwanese companies (including
185:
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55:
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Version 4.x full-size cards and reduced-size cards can be marketed as
1512:
1402:
SanDisk MultiMediaCard and
Reduced-Size MultiMediaCard Product Manual
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160:
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20:
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592:
534:
494:
372:
230:
225:, though pluggable eMMC modules are used on some devices (e.g.
1278:"eMMC to UFS: How NAND Memory for Mobile Products Is Evolving"
1083:
1177:. The Fundamentals of Reliable Flash Storage. Hyperstone GmbH
518:
498:
350:
297:
77:
439:
791:
506:
24:
334:
The modern continuation of an RS-MMC is commonly known as
1588:
1317:"New Consumer Electronic Interface on Future Hard Drives"
1155:"What is eMMC Memory – software support - Reliance Nitro"
167:
1395:
1249:"NAND and eMMC: All You Need to Know About Flash Memory"
159:. Both products were initially introduced using SanDisk
1008:"MultiMediaCard Association Merges with JEDEC | JEDEC"
177:(SD) cards. MMCs may be available in sizes up to 16
87:
Standard: 32 Ă— 24 Ă— 1.4 mm
1172:
296:(MMCA) turned over all MMC specifications to the
1619:
1097:"Samsung Semiconductor Global Official Website"
184:They are used in almost every context in which
895:"eMMC vs. SSD storage: What's the difference?"
599:flash scheduled for mass production in 2024.
407:Recreations of the MMCplus and MMCmobile logos
1447:
865:
1412:KingMax Digital Inc. MMC Card Specification
1368:"Playstation Vita Cartridge Dump explained"
1454:
1440:
1033:"Standards & Documents Search | JEDEC"
541:), with plans to increase data over time.
36:
273:The latest version of the eMMC standard (
1359:
869:Upgrading And Repairing PCs 21st Edition
809:In 2004, a group of companies—including
548:
491:Industrial Technology Research Institute
438:
402:
398:
283:
956:"Orange Pi 32GB/64GB/256GB eMMC Module"
1643:Computer-related introductions in 1997
1620:
1365:
1126:
936:from the original on 21 September 2023
1435:
926:"eMMC Memory Modules: A Simple Guide"
905:from the original on 18 February 2024
1398:- Solid State Technology Association
1261:
966:from the original on 6 February 2024
892:
383:storage leveraging MD-MMC advances.
1342:"Consumer Electronics ATA (CE-ATA)"
454:This variant was formerly known as
349:Implementations of RS-MMCs include
13:
1221:
804:
14:
1654:
1389:
828:The game card format used on the
469:MMCmicro appears very similar to
391:The Dual-Voltage MultimediaCard (
214:MMC) is a small MMC chip used as
1490:
1461:
817:—introduced an interface called
553:eMMC KLMAG2GE4A-A002 inside the
489:The MiCard was developed by the
259:
245:
1334:
1309:
1295:
1270:
1255:
1241:
1215:
1189:
1165:
1147:
1111:
1089:
923:
866:Scott Mueller (3 August 2014).
1536:(MS, MS-PRO, MS-PRO HG, MS-XC)
1262:Moon, Yejin (20 March 2014) .
1076:
1050:
1025:
1000:
978:
948:
917:
893:Hunt, Cale (6 February 2023).
886:
859:
606:protocol and uses NAND flash.
342:). A MiniDrive is generally a
1:
1264:"Q4.11: Introduction to eMMC"
852:
292:As of 23 September 2008, the
281:-based SSDs (500 MB/s).
266:Bottom of the same four cards
221:that is normally soldered on
204:via a connected MMC reader.
135:, officially abbreviated as
7:
1174:"Flash Memory Form Factors"
1084:http://www.TheMiniDrive.com
835:
434:
357:, who used RS-MMC in their
325:Reduced-Size MultiMediaCard
313:
10:
1659:
1573:(PCMCIA, CardBus, CardBay)
1482:Comparison of memory cards
1418: (archived 2007-10-10)
1408: (archived 2007-01-26)
1123:. Extracted 22 April 2006.
1086:. Extracted 23 April 2014.
842:Comparison of memory cards
602:eMMC does not support the
560:The currently implemented
294:MultimediaCard Association
236:
18:
1499:
1488:
1469:
1366:wololo (25 August 2016).
1099:(in Russian). Samsung.com
555:Samsung Galaxy Tab 2 10.1
476:
386:
369:Nokia 770 Internet Tablet
318:
192:, digital audio players,
122:
107:
99:
91:
83:
69:
61:
51:
35:
621:Sequential write (MB/s)
19:Not to be confused with
1594:Universal Flash Storage
847:Universal Flash Storage
760:
618:Sequential read (MB/s)
589:Universal Flash Storage
582:logical block addresses
544:
511:Carry Computer Eng. Co.
1427:MMCplus pinout (tech.)
630:Clock frequency (MHz)
557:
523:Power Digital Card Co.
444:
408:
289:
223:printed circuit boards
147:. Unveiled in 1997 by
1062:Html.AllDatasheet.com
578:printed circuit board
552:
442:
406:
399:MMCplus and MMCmobile
287:
1201:www.businesswire.com
1117:allmemorycards.com,
627:Random write (IO/s)
1251:. 6 September 2016.
1203:. 27 September 2023
1064:. 22 September 2005
624:Random read (IO/s)
611:
458:when introduced by
219:non-volatile memory
145:solid-state storage
32:
1579:(SDSC, SDHC, SDXC)
1477:Memory card reader
1422:MMC pinout (tech.)
1082:TheMiniDrive.com,
872:. Que Publishing.
609:
558:
445:
409:
298:JEDEC organization
290:
143:standard used for
30:
16:Memory card format
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1612:
1228:www.anandtech.com
823:small form factor
795:solid-state drive
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65:Up to 512 GB
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830:PlayStation Vita
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515:C-One Technology
427:, respectively.
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171:serial interface
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103:Portable devices
95:Standard: ~2.0 g
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805:Similar formats
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754:Snapdragon 820
732:Snapdragon 801
574:ball grid array
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161:NOR-based flash
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1534:Memory Stick
1527:
1518:Express Card
1507:CompactFlash
1463:Memory cards
1375:. Retrieved
1371:
1361:
1349:. Retrieved
1345:
1336:
1324:. Retrieved
1320:
1311:
1303:"eMMC Chips"
1297:
1285:. Retrieved
1281:
1272:
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1243:
1233:28 September
1231:. Retrieved
1227:
1217:
1207:28 September
1205:. Retrieved
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1066:. Retrieved
1061:
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1040:. Retrieved
1036:
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1015:. Retrieved
1011:
1002:
990:. Retrieved
986:"e.MMC v5.1"
980:
968:. Retrieved
959:
950:
938:. Retrieved
929:
924:Ree, Brian.
919:
907:. Retrieved
898:
888:
868:
861:
827:
808:
773:
764:
601:
586:
569:
565:
562:embedded MMC
561:
559:
531:
501:Technology,
488:
482:
480:
468:
463:
455:
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429:
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207:
206:
186:memory cards
183:
165:
163:technology.
157:CompactFlash
136:
132:
131:
46:MMCplus card
1509:(CF, CFast)
1346:Technopedia
1287:16 February
1103:13 November
1068:13 November
776:memory card
365:smartphones
141:memory card
56:Memory card
1622:Categories
1600:xD-Picture
1583:SmartMedia
1545:Microdrive
1372:Wololo.net
1139:21 January
1042:29 October
1017:29 October
853:References
768:Nokia 9300
275:JESD84-B51
84:Dimensions
52:Media type
1513:CFexpress
992:21 August
537:(60
425:MMCmobile
359:Series 60
336:MiniDrive
227:Orange Pi
179:gigabytes
70:Developed
1551:MiniCard
1321:Phys.org
1181:19 April
1120:MMCmicro
964:Archived
934:Archived
903:Archived
836:See also
799:UFS chip
780:boot ROM
633:Used in
615:Version
466:family.
448:MMCmicro
443:MMCmicro
435:MMCmicro
414:data bus
314:Variants
216:embedded
212:embedded
123:Released
108:Extended
62:Capacity
42:32
1638:Siemens
1633:SanDisk
1571:PC Card
1565:MicroP2
1556:NT Card
1414:at the
1404:at the
1377:29 July
1351:1 April
1326:1 April
988:. JEDEC
970:4 March
940:4 March
909:4 March
815:Hitachi
811:Seagate
788:Windows
784:Android
604:SPI-bus
597:3D NAND
539:Mbyte/s
503:Asustek
471:microSD
460:Samsung
421:MMCplus
377:microSD
362:Symbian
355:Siemens
344:microSD
237:History
153:Siemens
149:SanDisk
139:, is a
21:SD card
1540:miCard
876:
819:CE-ATA
749:13000
746:11000
727:13000
593:Kioxia
535:Mbit/s
527:RiCHIP
525:, and
495:Taiwan
483:MiCard
477:MiCard
456:S-card
393:DV-MMC
387:DV-MMC
373:miniSD
367:, the
340:MD-MMC
329:RS-MMC
319:RS-MMC
231:ODROID
196:, and
181:(GB).
110:
92:Weight
72:
1596:(UFS)
1530:(MMC)
1523:JEIDA
1500:Types
1396:JEDEC
724:7000
702:2000
699:7000
672:4.41
570:e.MMC
519:DBTel
499:ADATA
351:Nokia
100:Usage
78:JEDEC
1585:(SM)
1547:(MD)
1379:2022
1353:2019
1328:2019
1289:2021
1235:2023
1209:2023
1183:2018
1141:2010
1105:2013
1070:2013
1044:2022
1019:2022
994:2015
972:2024
942:2024
911:2024
874:ISBN
821:for
813:and
792:NVMe
761:Uses
743:125
740:250
737:5.1
718:250
715:5.0
705:200
693:140
690:4.5
655:4.4
638:4.3
566:eMMC
545:eMMC
507:BenQ
481:The
423:and
353:and
279:SATA
229:and
208:eMMC
198:PDAs
151:and
126:1997
118:(SD)
25:eMMC
1605:XQD
1589:SxS
786:or
721:90
696:50
683:52
568:or
493:in
381:PLC
375:or
233:).
168:bit
137:MMC
23:or
1624::
1561:P2
1370:.
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521:,
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416:.
202:PC
112:to
74:by
44:MB
1567:)
1563:(
1455:e
1448:t
1441:v
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564:(
338:(
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210:(
27:.
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