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screen, however, the mullions only support the weight of the transoms, glass and any opening vents. Also in the case of a curtain wall screen the weight of glazing can be supported from above (providing the structure can take the required loads) this puts the mullions under tension rather than
96:, with paired windows divided by a mullion, set beneath a single arch. The same structural form was used for open arcades as well as windows, and is found in galleries and cloisters.
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palaces, the openings necessarily required division into a framework of mullions and transoms, often of stone. It was further necessary for each glazed panel, sash or
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A mullion acts as a structural member, in most applications the mullion transfers wind loads and weight of the glazing and upper levels into the structure below. In a
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In traditional designs today, mullions and transoms are normally used in combination with divided-light windows and doors when glazing porches or other large areas.
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that forms a division between units of a window or screen, or is used decoratively. It is also often used as a division between double doors. When dividing adjacent
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units its primary purpose is a rigid support to the glazing of the window. Its secondary purpose is to provide structural support to an arch or
119:. Italian windows with a single mullion, dividing the window into two equal elements are said to be biforate, or to parallel the Italian
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because large panes of glass were reserved primarily for use as mirrors, being far too costly to use for glazing windows or doors.
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was set in lead and ferramenta between the stone mullions. Mullioned windows of a simpler form continued to be used into the
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When a very large glazed area was desired before the middle of the nineteenth century, such as in the large windows seen in
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above the window opening. Horizontal elements separating the head of a door from a window above are called
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are most common, although glass is also used between windows.
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312:"I.M. Pei's JFK in Terminal Trouble - Archpaper.com"
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370:Mullions
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82:Armenian
70:transoms
391:Windows
137:Moorish
76:History
58:element
54:mullion
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175:muntin
127:Design
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107:where
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