Mormon views on evolution

3472:] to believe that the famous document of the First Presidency, issued in the day of President Joseph F. Smith and entitled The Origin of Man, means anything except exactly what it says. ... that there was no death in the world for him or for any form of life until after the fall .... Try as you may, you cannot harmonize these things with the evolutionary postulate that death has always existed and that the various forms of life have evolved from preceding forms over astronomically long periods of time. Try as you may, you cannot harmonize the theories of men with the inspired word .... If death has always prevailed in the world, there was no fall of Adam that brought death to all forms of life. If Adam did not fall, there is no need for an atonement. If there was no atonement there is no salvation ... If there is no salvation there is no God. 882:

life. When asked whether evolution is the best explanation for how God brought about life on Earth, 33% of Mormons were confident or had faith that this was not true. After analyzing the results Knoll suggested that 37% of Mormons completely reject God-guided evolution. Another 37% accept God-guided evolution for life on Earth, but feel that Adam and Eve were an exception and were physically created by God. The other 26% were split between the belief that Adam and Eve may have been created through the process of evolution and the disbelief in God-guided evolution and the existence of a physical Adam and Eve. Moreover, unlike other studies conducted which have found a correlation between education level and belief in evolution, Next Mormons Survey found no correlation between education level and belief in evolution among Mormons.

543:, the church's second president, stated that the LDS Church differs from other Christian churches, because they do not seek to clash their ideas with scientific theory. He continued that whether God began with an empty Earth, whether he created out of nothing, whether he made it in six days or millions of years will remain a mystery unless God reveals something about it. Young made the following statement two years later, stating the injustice of the fact that the theories of scientists are taught in school, but not the principles of the gospel. He wrote that for this purpose, he created Brigham Young Academy, so that God's revelation could be taught in schools with books written by members of the LDS Church. Young also stated that he was, "resolutely and uncompromisingly opposed" to "the theories...of Darwin." 759:"There was no death of any living creature before the fall of Adam! Adam’s mission was to bring to pass the fall and it came upon the earth and living things throughout all nature. Anything contrary to this doctrine is diametrically opposed to the doctrines revealed to the Church! If there was any creature increasing by propagation before the fall, then throw away the Book of Mormon, deny your faith, the Book of Abraham and the revelations in the Doctrine and Covenants! Our scriptures most emphatically tell us that death came through the fall, and has passed upon all creatures including the earth itself. For this earth of ours was pronounced good when the Lord finished it. It became fallen and subject to death as did all things upon its face, through the transgression of Adam." 333:, contains several quotes by general authorities as well as academics from a variety of backgrounds (both members of the church and non-members) related to organic evolution and the origins of the earth. The 2003 edition states that there is no official stance on the age of the earth but that evidence for a longer process is substantial and very few people believe the earth was actually created in the space of one week. However, it also includes a quote from Joseph Fielding Smith indicating his interpretation of church doctrine as it pertains to the theory of organic evolution. He asserts that organic evolution is incompatible and inconsistent with revelations from God and that to accept it is to reject the plan of salvation. 724:

many of its aspects in the same speech. He said that he does not believe Adam descended from cavemen or lower forms of men, but is divinely created. He did, however, state that were it true that Adam evolved from lower form, it only seems likely that men will continue to evolve into something higher as a part of eternal progression. He continued by stating that, "evolution is true so far as it means development, and progress, and advancement in all the works of God", and that the scriptures, "should not be discredited by theories of men; they cannot be discredited by fact and truth." Talmage considered the possibility of pre-Adamites; however, he denied speciation and evolution. Roberts died in 1933 and

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evolution as advocated by many modern scientists lies stranded upon the shore of idle speculation. There is one other objection to be urged against the theory of evolution before leaving it; it is contrary to the revelations of God." Roberts further criticized the theories of evolution by stating that Darwin's claims of evolution are contrary to the experience and knowledge of man, because the law of nature requires that every organism reproduces of its own kind, and while variation may occur, changes usually revert due to extinction, chromosomal infertility, or by reversion to original species.

219:", which consists of belief in a fiat creation. In addition, the statement declares human evolution as one of the "theories of men", but falls short of explicitly declaring it untrue or evil. It states that, "man began life as a human being, in the likeness of our heavenly father". Moreover, it states that although man begins life as a germ or embryo, it does not mean that, " began life as anything less than a man, or less than the human germ or embryo that becomes a man" Supported by signatures from the First Presidency, the statement was published in November 1909. 197:

access to outside ideas and influences. Because of this new knowledge, Mormon schools sought to combat scientific theories such as evolution with faith. Publications helped reaffirm church doctrine; however, views on evolution were mixed. Some believed a belief in evolution was equivalent to atheism, whereas some sought to find common ground between evolution and faith. Due to the many differing opinions that emerged, in the early 1900s the LDS Church began to officially respond to the theories that had already been discussed for nearly fifty years.

111:, some Latter-day Saint scientists have published essays or speeches to try and reconcile science and Mormon doctrine. Many of these scientists subscribe to the idea that evolution is the natural process God used to create the Earth and its inhabitants and that there are commonalities between Mormon doctrine and foundations of evolutionary biology. Debate and questioning among members of the LDS Church continues concerning evolution, religion, and the reconciliation between the two. Although articles from publications like 768:

reconcile religion and organic evolution was a false and devilish heresy among church members. In 1984, McConkie disparaged the "evolutionary fantasies of biologists" and stated that yet to be revealed "doctrines will completely destroy the whole theory of organic evolution" and stated that any religion that assumes humans are a product of evolution cannot offer salvation since true believers know humans were made in a state in which there was no procreation or death. In his popular and controversial reference book

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perspective and limited perception of reality means that humans may not very well understand the circumstances surrounding the creation of Adam and Eve and the existence of the Garden of Eden using only their mortal senses. Allen also stated that besides core doctrine of the LDS Church relating to the existence of Adam, Eve, and the Garden of Eden, all hypotheses are fair game for "responsible scientists" to consider and investigate. In 2018, BYU professor and evolutionary biologist

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and combat the falsehoods in socialism, organic evolution, rationalism, humanism, etc." In 1988, Benson published another book that included his earlier warnings about the "deceptions" of Charles Darwin. He wrote that educational institutions serve to mislead youth, which explains—he noted—why the church advises that youth attend church institutions, allowing parents to closely observe the education of their children and clear up "the deceptions of men like . . . Charles Darwin.

603:, read a message on his father's behalf that was an edited version of the 1952 speech, including the omission of the word "beautiful" when describing the theory of evolution. In 1954, McKay quoted the Old Testament while affirming to members of the BYU faculty that living things only reproduce "after their kind". He quoted Genesis which states, "Let the earth bring forth the living creatures after his kind, cattle and creeping things, and the beast of the earth after his kind." 5072: 5084: 5096: 471:. The article states that it is unclear whether the mortal bodies of man evolved through natural processes, whether Adam and Eve where transplanted to Earth from another place, or whether they were born on Earth in mortality. The article states that those questions are not fully answered in the church's current revelation and scripture. The article cites the answer is attributed to the church's First Presidency. 655:

Hinckley recalled his university studies of anthropology and geology to reporter Larry A. Witham: "'Studied all about it. Didn't worry me then. Doesn't worry me now'", insisting that the church only requires the belief that Adam was the first man of '"what we would call the human race."' In 2004, an official church magazine printed a quote from Hinckley from a 1983 speech where he expressed a similar sentiment.

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of our race", there is no advantage to continuing the discussion and that church members should focus on " the message of the restored gospel to the people of the world" and that those sciences do not have anything to do with, "the salvation of the souls of mankind". They stated that continuation of the discussion would only lead to "confusion, division, and misunderstanding if continued further."

586:, stating that evolution is in conflict with scriptures and modern revelation. He continues that the church holds that "divine revelation" must be the "standard" and is "truth". Smith mentions that "science has changed from age to age", and "philosophic theories of life" have their place, but do not belong in LDS Church school classes and anywhere else when they contradict the word of God. 379:

evolution. The packet was assembled due to the large number of questions students had about evolution and the origins of man and is intended to be distributed along with other course material. The packet includes the first three Official First Presidency statements on the origin of man as well as the "Evolution" section in the

215:, a member of Quorum of the Twelve, to prepare an official statement, "basing its belief on divine revelation, ancient and modern, proclaim man to be the direct and lineal offspring of Deity." This teaching regarding the origin of man differs from traditional Christianity's doctrine of creation, referred to by some as " 1024:

we to understand by the book which John saw, which was sealed on the back with seven seals? A. We are to understand that it contains the revealed will, mysteries, and works of God; the hidden things of his economy concerning this earth during the seven thousand years of its continuance, or its temporal existence.'"

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Through the ages, some without scriptural understanding have tried to explain our existence by pretentious words such as ex nihilo (out of nothing). Others have deduced that, because of certain similarities between different forms of life, there has been an organic evolution from one form to another.

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Joseph Fielding Smith: "We have evidence beyond dispute that Adam was driven out of the Garden of Eden about 6,000 years ago, or perhaps a short time less. ... In section 77:6–15, we have more information in relation to the opening of these seals , with the following significant detail: 'Q. What are

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researched the attitudes toward evolution of Latter-day Saint undergraduates. The study revealed that there has been a recent shift of attitude towards evolution among LDS undergraduates. These attitudes have shifted from antagonistic to accepting. The researchers cited examples of more acceptance of

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Prior to becoming president of the LDS Church, Russell M. Nelson stated in a 2007 interview with the Pew Research Center that "to think that man evolved from one species to another is, to me, incomprehensible. Man has always been man. Dogs have always been dogs. Monkeys have always been monkeys. It's

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In 1931, both Roberts and Smith were permitted to present their views to the First Presidency and the Quorum of the Twelve. After hearing both sides, the First Presidency issued a memo to the general authorities of the church which stated while they agree with the idea that "Adam is the primal parent

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There is no salvation in a system of religion that rejects the doctrine of the Fall or that assumes man is the end product of evolution and so was not subject to a fall. True believers know that this earth and man and all forms of life were created in an Edenic, or paradisiacal, state in which there

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Mormons who showed a decrease in probability of accepting evolution as their education level increased. A very conservative Mormon with an 8th grade education or less had a 35% probability of accepting evolution, whereas a very conservative Mormon with a post-graduate degree was 20% likely to accept

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political ideology, the probability of accepting evolution increases with increasing education level. The correlation between evolution acceptance and education level was even higher among liberals. The probability of accepting evolution among very liberal Mormons with an 8th grade or less education

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James E. Talmage, pointed out that Smith's views could be misinterpreted as the church's official position, since Smith's views were widely circulated in a church magazine but Roberts's views were limited to an internal church document. As a result, the First Presidency gave permission to Talmage to

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said: "People ask me every now and again if I believe in evolution. I tell them I am not concerned with organic evolution. I do not worry about it. I passed through that argument long ago." wherein he contrasts "organic evolution" with the evolution and improvement of individuals: In the late 1990s,

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A 1910 editorial in a church magazine that enumerates various possibilities for creation is usually attributed to Smith or to the First Presidency. Included in the listed possibilities were the ideas that Adam and Eve: (1) "evolved in natural processes to present perfection"; (2) were "transplanted

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in September 1925. The 1925 statement is shorter than the 1909 statement, containing selected excerpts from the 1909 statement. "Anti-science" language was removed and the title was altered from "The Origin of Man" to "Mormon View of Evolution". The comment which concluded that theories of evolution

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There are those who say that revealed religion and organic evolution can be harmonized. This is both false and devilish ... there is no way to harmonize the revealed religion which has come to us, with the theoretical postulates of Darwinism and the diverse speculations descending therefrom. Do not

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In 1965, Talmage's speech was reprinted again by the church in an official church magazine. As Talmage points out in the article, "The outstanding point of difference ... is the point of time which man in some state has lived on this planet." With regards to evolution in general, Talmage challenged

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to counter the theories of evolution. He wrote that "we have not been using the Book of Mormon as we should. Our homes are not as strong unless we are using it to bring our children to Christ. Our families may be corrupted by worldly trends and teachings unless we know how to use the book to expose

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Other scriptural verses suggest that no organisms died before the fall of Adam. In the Book of Mormon, the prophet Lehi teaches: "If Adam had not transgressed he would not have fallen, but he would have remained in the garden of Eden. And all things which were created must have remained in the same

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In April 1931, the First Presidency sent out a lengthy memo to all church general authorities in response to the debate between B. H. Roberts of the Presidency of the Seventy and Joseph Fielding Smith of the Quorum of the Twelve on the existence of pre-Adamites. The memo stated the church's neutral

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of the Quorum of the Twelve responded to Darwin in 1861, stated that revelation is superior to science, but considered the possibility of evolution among animals and plants. This was and is not considered doctrine. The building of the transcontinental railroad in 1869 allowed for the Saints to gain

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While maintaining its "no position" stance, the LDS Church has produced a number of official publications that have included discussion and personal statements from these various church leaders on evolution and the "origin of man." These statements generally adopt the position, as a church-approved

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found that very liberal or moderate members of the LDS Church were more likely to accept evolution as their education level increased, whereas very conservative members were less likely to accept evolution as their education level increased. Another 2018 study found that over time, Latter-day Saint

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to supplement normal course material. Statements from church presidents are mixed with some vehemently against evolution and the theories of Charles Darwin, and some willing to admit that the circumstances of earth's creation are unknown and that evolution could explain some aspects of creation. In

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Every statement by an LDS Church president does not necessarily constitute official church doctrine, but a statement from him is generally regarded by church membership as authoritative and usually represents doctrine. Official church doctrine is however presented and taught unitedly by the entire

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A few months later in the same magazine, the church published an anonymously authored article stating that "the Church has no official position of the theory of evolution." The article continues by stating that the theory of organic evolution should be left for scientific study and that no details

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message, the First Presidency made reference to the church's position on science. It stated that the church is not hostile to science and that "diversity of opinion does not necessitate intolerance of spirit". The message continues by stating that proven science is accepted with joy, but theories,

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A 2017 study, the Next Mormons Survey, professor Benjamin Knoll surveyed Mormons about their beliefs in evolution. Of those surveyed, 74% responded that they were confident or had faith that God created Adam and Eve in the last 10,000 years and that Adam and Eve did not evolve from other forms of

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quoted, "And, I God created man in mine own image, and in the image of mine Only Begotten created I him; male and female created I them." (Kimball added that "the story of the rib, of course, is figurative.") Kimball continued, "we don't know exactly how coming into this world happened, and when

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In a 1952 speech to students at BYU, McKay used the theory of evolution as an example while suggesting that science can "leave with his soul unanchored." He stated that a professor that denies "divine agency in creation" imposes on the student that life was created by chance. McKay insisted that

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from another sphere"; or (3) were "born here ... as other mortals have been." Smith authored an editorial the next year in the church magazine discouraging the discussion of evolution in church school stating that members of the church believe the theory of evolution was "more or less a fallacy."

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of the LDS Church, the entry for "Fall of Adam" previously included the following statement: "Before the fall, Adam and Eve had physical bodies but no blood. There was no sin, no death, and no children among any of the earthly creations." Under the entry "Flesh", it is written: "Since flesh often

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A much earlier anonymously-authored article from 2004 did not attempt to reconcile church teachings and scientific views of evolution, but stated that not having the answers does not discredit the existence of God, and that God will not reveal more unto us until we prove our faith. An example was

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acknowledged questions about how the age of the earth, dinosaurs, and evolution fit with church teachings, stating "it does all fit together, but there are still a lot of questions." The article offered no further explanation to how science and LDS teachings fit together, and stated "nothing that

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which is largely composed of quotes from the 1909 and 1925 statements. It states that men and women are created in the image of the "universal Father and Mother", and Adam, like Christ was a pre-existing spirit who took a body to become a "living soul". It continues by stating that because man is

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have published pro-evolution or neutral articles. The official stance of the church on evolution is neutral. Though scholar Joseph Baker argues that the church's position is rather "skeptically neutral", because the church continues to endorse their 1910 statement. There are many church members,

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stating that he alone was responsible for the doctrinal and scriptural interpretations. The 1958 edition falsely stated that the "official doctrine of the Church" asserted a "falsity of the theory of organic evolution." McConkie also wrote that "there were no pre-Adamites," that Adam was not the

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Bruce R. McConkie was an influential church leader and author on the topic of evolution, having been published several times speaking strongly on the topic. He stated his view in 1982 at BYU that there was no death in the world for Adam or for any form of life before the fall, and that trying to

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including that "If evolution is true, the church is false" since "If life began on Earth as advocated by Darwin ... then the doctrines of the church are false". Smith stated about his views on evolution, "No Adam, no fall; no fall, no atonement; no atonement, no savior." Smith also asserted that

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There is an ongoing discussion and questioning among members of the LDS Church concerning the religion, evolution, and the reconciliation between the two. There are a number of current Mormon-related publications with articles on evolution. According to scholar Michael R. Ash, a great number of

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Geology Department, church president David O. McKay affirmed that "the Church has officially taken no position" on evolution, Smith's book "is not approved by the Church", and that the book is entirely Smith's "views for which he alone is responsible". Smith also produced personal statements on

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There have been three authoritative public statements (1909, 1910, and 1925) and one private statement (1931) given from the LDS Church's highest authority, the First Presidency, which represents the church's doctrinal position on the origin of mankind. The 1909 and 1925 statements of the First

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In a 2014 U.S. Religious Landscape Study, researchers found that 52% of Mormons believe that humans always existed in their present form while 42% believe that humans evolved over time. More specifically, 29% of Mormons believe that evolution is guided by a supreme being, while 11% believe the

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stating that it was a destructive and contaminating influence and that "If the Bible does not kill Evolution, Evolution will kill the Bible." He further stated that "There is not and cannot be, any compromise between the Gospel of Jesus Christ and the theories of evolution" and that "It is not

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In the early 1900s, many general authorities, specifically those with science backgrounds, subscribed to the idea of an old earth, yet most of them rejected Darwinism. Joseph Fielding Smith and other general authorities were against the old earth theory as well as Darwin's theory of evolution.

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Although it is apparent that Roberts and Smith may have had differing views on whether there was death before the fall of Adam, it is evident that they may have had similar views against organic evolution as the explanation for the origin of man. For example, Roberts wrote that "the theory of

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In 1978, dean of the College of Biology and Agriculture at BYU, A. Lester Allen, tried to present an approach to evolution from the perspective of an LDS biologist. Allen established seven doctrinal landmarks that are fundamental beliefs of the LDS Church, but considered that human's limited

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Since 1992 at the LDS-owned universities, a packet of authoritative statements approved by the BYU Board of Trustees (composed of the First Presidency, other general authorities, and general organizational leaders) has been provided to students in classes when discussing the topic of organic

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The LDS Church has no official position on the theory of evolution or the details of "what happened on earth before Adam and Eve, including how their bodies were created." Even so, some church general authorities have made statements suggesting that, in their opinion, evolution is opposed to

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fossil and geological records, as well as an acceptance of the old age of the earth. The researchers attributed this attitude change to several factors including primary-school exposure to evolution and a reduction in the number of anti-evolution statements from the First Presidency.

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were among the most well-known advocates of this position. Other church authorities and members have made statements suggesting that, in their opinion, evolution is not in opposition to scriptural doctrine. Examples of this position have come from B. H. Roberts, James E. Talmage, and

562:, Taylor stated that nature and creation is governed by the laws of man and organisms exist in the same form since creation, as contradicted by the ideas of evolutionists. Taylor continued that man did not originate from chaos of matter, but from "the faculties and powers of a God". 703:

church president, "vigorously promulgated opposite point of view" in a speech that was published in a church magazine. In his widely read speech, Smith taught as doctrine that there had been no death on earth until after the fall of Adam and that there were no "pre-Adamites".

68:, the First Presidency issued an official statement in its 1910 Christmas message that the church members should be kind to everyone regardless of differences in opinion about evolution and that proven science is accepted by the church with joy. In 1925, in response to the 304:

stated that "no one with reverence for God could believe that His children evolved from slime or from reptiles" as well as affirming that "those who accept the theory of evolution don't show much enthusiasm for genealogical research." In the April 2012 conference, apostle

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of the LDS Church published doctrinal statements on the origin of man and creation. In addition, individual leaders of the church have expressed a variety of personal opinions on evolution, many of which have affected the beliefs and perceptions of Latter-day Saints.

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undergraduate attitudes towards evolution have changed from antagonistic to accepting. The researchers attributed this attitude change to more primary school exposure to evolution and a reduction in the number of anti-evolution statements from the First Presidency.

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gave an April 1981 general conference address in which he stated that "the theory of man’s development from lower forms of life" is a "false idea". In 1988, after becoming president of the church, Benson published a book counseling members of the church to use the

816:. Nelson used the ideas of evolution to consider the spiritual and physical development of God and humans. Nelson's view of evolution is spiritual with deliberate use of scientific processes by God rather than as a random, accidental process. Mormon philosopher 191:

was published by Charles Darwin in 1859. Consequently, there was little discussion about evolution among Mormon communities. The Latter-day Saints were trying to survive and build settlements in Utah and evolution was not a prominent concern for them.

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confirmed a neutral stance on the existence of pre-Adamites and "death before the fall." It further asserted that geology, biology, and other sciences were best left to scientists (and implicitly, not theologians), and were not central to the Gospel.

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There have been three public statements from the First Presidency (1909, 1910, 1925) and one private statement from the First Presidency (1931) about the LDS Church's view on evolution. The 1909 statement was a delayed response to the publication of

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students should be led to a "counterbalancing thought" that "God is the Creator of the earth", "the Father of our souls and spirits", and "the purpose of creation is theirs (God and Jesus Christ)." In the April 1968 general conference, McKay's son,

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discussed the human body stating "some people erroneously think that these marvelous physical attributes happened by chance or resulted from a big bang somewhere". He then compared this to an "explosion in a printing shop produc a dictionary".

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giving his own example of how he chose to drop the question and not let it bother him. Subsequent letters from youth stated that the youth viewed themselves as against evolution and supportive of intelligent design. A previous article in the

402:, an official periodical of the church, published an article entitled "Christ and the Creation" by Bruce R. McConkie, which stated that "ortality and procreation and death all had their beginnings with the Fall." In an earlier edition of the 789:. McConkie characterized the intellect of those Latter-day Saints who believe in evolution while simultaneously having knowledge of church doctrines on life and creation as "scrubby and grovelling". McConkie included a disclaimer in 811:

The earliest instance in which science and evolution were used to support LDS doctrine occurred in a series of six published articles in 1895, "Theosophy and Mormonism" by Nels L. Nelson. These articles were published in 1904 in

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There are a variety of LDS Church publications that address evolution, often with neutral or opposing viewpoints. In order to address students' questions about the church's position on evolution in biology and related classes,

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possible for a logical mind to hold both Bible teaching and evolutionary teaching at the same time" since "If you accept you cannot accept organic evolution." In response to an inquiry about the book from the head of the

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was an official periodical of the church between 1897 and 1970. In the April 1910 edition in the "Priesthood Quorum's Table" section of that periodical, Genesis is cited as well as other scriptures from Genesis and the

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also showed youth viewing evolution as an antagonistic idea to their faith and becoming upset when it was taught and another featured a church seventy using scientific arguments in an attempt to disprove evolutionary

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means mortality, Adam is spoken of as the 'first flesh' upon the earth, meaning he was the first mortal on the earth, all things being created in a non-mortal condition, and becoming mortal through the fall of Adam.

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published in 1980, McConkie stated that "the greatest heresy in the sectarian world ... is that God is a spirit nothingness which fills the immensity of space, and that creation came through evolutionary processes."

5028: 720:, Talmage taught the same principles that Roberts had originally outlined in his draft manual. Over Smith's objections, the First Presidency authorized a church publication of Talmage's speech in pamphlet form. 4729: 1987: 369:

teachers explains: "It may be helpful to explain that the 7,000 years refers to the time since the Fall of Adam and Eve. It is not referring to the actual age of the earth including the periods of creation."

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is published by the LDS Church, and its preface states: "It is not intended as an official or revealed endorsement by the church of the doctrinal, historical, cultural, and other matters set forth."

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are "theories of men" in the 1909 official statement was no longer included in the 1925 official statement. The First Presidency has not publicly issued an official statement on evolution since 1925.

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found that education was a defining factor of evolution acceptance. This is, however, only true when accounting for political ideology as well. The study determined that among those with moderate or

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tend to publish articles with anti-evolutionary views. Studies published since 2014 have found that the majority of Latter-day Saints do not believe humans evolved over time. A 2018 study in the

72:, the First Presidency published a statement, similar in content to the 1909 statement, but with "anti-science" language removed. A private memo written in 1931 by the First Presidency to church 781:, and the 1909 First Presidency statement, McConkie concluded that "here is no harmony between the truths of revealed religion and the theories of organic evolution." The evolution entry in 4670: 4603: 4255: 4499: 4566: 4534: 4425: 4559: 4398: 3731: 4472: 3710: 4660: 664:

Individual leaders of the church have expressed a variety of personal opinions on biological evolution and as such these do not necessarily constitute official church doctrine.

832:(1924) defended the theory of evolution; both attempted to reconcile religion and evolution. In a work, Pack states, "no warfare exists between 'Mormonism' and true science." 230:

In response to continual questions from church members regarding evolution, as well as problems preceding the 1911 Brigham Young University modernism controversy, in its 1910

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The first official statement from the First Presidency on the issue of evolution was in 1909, the centennial of Darwin's birth and the 50th anniversary of the publication of

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explained that Mormons believe in "eternal progression" and that the universe was organized from pre-existing matter, which are ideas also held by evolutionary biologists.

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is the direct, divine offspring of God. The statement declares evolution as "the theories of men", but does not directly qualify it as untrue or evil. In response to the

5050: 4827: 4277: 85:(BYU) released a library packet on evolution in 1992. This packet contains the first three official First Presidency statement as well as the "Evolution" section in the 154:

encyclopedia entry states, "he scriptures tell why man was created, but they do not tell how, though the Lord has promised that he will tell that when he comes again."

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provided of how the author avoided a classroom debate on evolution by stating that they knew God existed and created us. The article also quoted past church president

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about the what happened before Adam and Eve and how their bodies were created have not been revealed, but the origin of man is clear from the teaching of the church.

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was 9%, while the probability of accepting evolution among very liberal Mormons with a post-graduate degree increases to 82%. The findings were different from

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employed by the Lord in His creation of the world." However, in the very same month (and in the wake of the evolution controversy that had recently ensued at

3492: 582:), Smith published and signed a statement wherein he explained some of the conflicts between revealed religion and the theories of evolution. He cited the 19: 899:

evolution. Baker suggests that low rates of acceptance of evolution of Mormons may be related to the high rates of political conservatism among Mormons.

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raise questions about the compatibility of scriptural teachings and scientists' current understanding of organic evolution. One such verse, in

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The statement did not define the origins of animals other than humans, nor did it venture into any more specifics regarding the origin of man.

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debated about the existence of pre-Adamites, eliciting a memo from the First Presidency in 1931 claiming a neutral stance on pre-Adamites.

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as a statement suggesting that the earth is no more than about six thousand years old (the seventh thousand-year period being the future

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just the way genetics works." He also stated in 1987 in a church magazine article that he found the theory of evolution unbelievable.

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Bradshaw, William S.; Phillips, Andrea J.; Bybee, Seth M.; Gill, Richard A.; Peck, Steven L.; Jensen, Jamie L. (November 7, 2018).

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We have seen introduced into many school systems false ideas about the theory of man's development from lower forms of life ....

2664:

An Examination Into and an Elucidation of the Great Principle of the Mediation and Atonement of Our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ

4990: 935: 4983: 4978: 4148: 4051: 3938: 3892: 3668: 3598: 3343: 2594: 2486: 2310: 1796: 1630: 1254: 1130: 1083: 2478: 2148: 2069: 4593: 4452: 4356: 4237: 4021: 3547: 205: 1507: 5127: 4973: 4847: 4751: 3930: 3884: 1622: 2356: 2333: 4943: 4916: 4896: 4746: 4217: 3706: 3180: 3160: 2631: 2225: 1973: 1201: 1748: 1603:

Memo from the First Presidency to the Council of the Twelve, the First Council of Seventy, and the Presiding Bishopric

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Changes in Mormon Doctrine: A Comparison of the 1958 & 1966 versions of Mormon Doctrine by Bruce R. McConkie

2404: 5122: 4768: 4331: 4202: 3445: 2452: 1516: 976: 2193: 346:

mentions "the seven thousand years of continuance, or its temporal existence", which has been interpreted by

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On 5 April 1930, Joseph Fielding Smith, a junior member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles and the son of

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state in which they were after they were created; and they must have remained forever, and had no end". In

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which includes elements from the 1909 and 1925 statements as well as the 1931 "First Presidency Minutes".

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give a speech promoting views that were contrary to Smith's. In his speech on August 9, 1931, in the

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Mormons and evolution: A history of B. H. Roberts and his attempt to reconcile science and religion

1864: 1765: 1405: 1327: 970: 817: 579: 82: 52: 3950: 857:, which generally publishes articles with unfavorable views on evolution. Other publications like 4544: 4373: 4326: 4177: 4046: 3766: 3074: 1870: 1792:"'We Can See No Advantage to a Continuation of the Discussion': The Roberts/Smith/Talmage Affair" 3368:""Chained to the Devil's Throne": Evolution & Creation Science as a Religio-Political Issue" 4928: 4571: 4292: 4212: 4118: 4083: 2288: 841: 770: 484: 343: 3067: 1232: 688:

for approval stated that death had been occurring on Earth for millions of years prior to the

424:

science reveals can disprove your faith" and told youth "not to get worried in the meantime."

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The subject of evolution has been addressed in several official publications of the church.

117:

often represent neutral or pro-evolutionary stances, LDS-sponsored publications such as the

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First Presidency, usually released in an official letter or other authorized publication.

8: 5045: 5038: 4554: 4309: 4243: 4226: 3793: 3770: 3650: 3184: 2698: 1493: 1088: 247:, a new First Presidency issued an official statement which reaffirmed the doctrine that 173:

In February 2002, the entire 1909 First Presidency message was reprinted in the church's

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remained unpublished until 1994, when it was published by an independent publisher.

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McConkie was Smith's son-in-law and the two had largely compatible doctrinal views.

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speculation, or anything contrary to revelation or common sense are not accepted.

5000: 4859: 4680: 4479: 4462: 4393: 4133: 4078: 4001: 3847: 3583: 3412: 3145: 3010: 2986: 2718: 2689: 2662: 2623: 2580: 2268: 1550: 1468: 1449: 1432: 1354: 1191: 1122: 1115: 1007: 700: 571: 462: 208: 147: 3082: 5018: 4881: 4822: 4761: 4630: 4430: 4420: 4113: 4098: 4006: 2806: 2765: 2741: 2039: 1791: 1590: 1520: 1476: 1472: 1440: 1436: 1362: 1358: 1315: 1011: 837: 778: 630: 480: 301: 252: 167: 57: 874:

including scientists, who accept evolution as a legitimate scientific theory.

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professed in an editorial that "the Church itself has no philosophy about the

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A Witness and a Warning: A Modern-Day Prophet Testifies of the Book of Mormon

2565: 2561: 2533: 2511: 1755: 1744: 1413: 684:, the draft of the manual that was submitted to the First Presidency and the 540: 492: 355: 97: 34: 2320: 1264: 1211: 4810: 4529: 4041: 4026: 3866: 3604: 3423: 3419: 3320: 3278: 3268: 3166: 3096: 3021: 3017: 2956: 2928: 2867: 2815: 2672: 2668: 2600: 2586: 1571: 1399: 1289: 1215: 1143: 693: 248: 69: 744:, Smith wrote at length about his personal views on evolution in his book 667: 5033: 4539: 4272: 4231: 3590: 689: 647: 251:

was the first man upon the earth and that he was created in the image of

216: 187:

Historically, Latter-day Saints were isolated in the western plains when

113: 3913: 2519: 1655: 676:, was assigned by the First Presidency to create a study manual for the 4854: 3678: 3520: 3498: 3393: 3247: 3069:

Where Darwin Meets the Bible: Creationists and Evolutionists in America

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Doctrines of Salvation: Sermons and Writings of Joseph Fielding Smith

1647: 712: 555: 244: 231: 163:

Presidency have been subsequently endorsed by church leaders such as

30: 3385: 1324:

The Book of Mormon: Jacob through Words of Mormon, To Learn with Joy

487:

describes the "temporal existence" of the earth as 7,000 years old.

300:

talks mentioning evolution. In the October 1984 conference, apostle

4088: 3980: 3821: 904: 366: 3789:"A detailed look at Mormon beliefs on evolution and human origins" 4524: 1992:

Doctrine and Covenants and Church History Seminary Teacher Manual

338:

Doctrine and Covenants and Church History Seminary Teacher Manual

3931:"Thoughts on Mormonism, Evolution, and Brigham Young University" 2538:"Attending Meetings—Religion & Science—Geology—The Creation" 2272:. Vol. 13, no. 6. April 1910. p. 570 – via 1761:

The Way, The Truth, The Life: An Elementary Treatise on Theology

1554:. Vol. 28, no. 11. September 1925. pp. 1090–1091. 1565:

Grant, Heber; Ivins, Anthony; Nibley, Charles (July 18, 1925).

182: 3732:"Mormons need not shy away from evolution, says BYU biologist" 2429:"How can I know if something I hear is "official doctrine"?" 5051:

Eyewitness accounts associated with the Joseph Smith Papyri

3585:

Bruce R. McConkie: Highlights From His Life & Teachings

2479:"Seers, Savants and Evolution: The Uncomfortable Interface" 226:

1910 statement "Words in Season from the First Presidency"

29:(LDS Church) takes no official position on whether or not 3814: 3468: 3366:

Paterson, Frances R. A.; Rossow, Lawrence F. (May 1999).

1193:

Mormonism and Evolution: The Authoritative LDS Statements

1427: 1425: 1423: 777:

After canvassing statements of past church leaders, the

774:, McConkie devoted ten pages to his entry on evolution. 318: 3044:

Religious Educator: Perspectives on the Restored Gospel

2564:(October 19, 1876). "Brigham Young Academy". Letter to 1117:

The Search for Harmony: Essays on Science and Mormonism

668:

Statements from the 1930s Roberts–Smith–Talmage dispute

554:

was the second church president to comment directly on

611:

At a 1975 church women's conference, church president

3203:"Faith Leads to a Fulness of Truth and Righteousness" 1420: 885:

In contrast, a 2018 study of American Mormons in the

3767:"For Darwin Day, 6 facts about the evolution debate" 3699:

How An LDS Biologist Resolves The Evolution Question

2811:"Some Fundamental Objectives of a Church University" 1285:"No definitive LDS stance on evolution, study finds" 916: 672:

In 1930, B. H. Roberts, the presiding member of the

616:

we're able to understand it the Lord will tell us."

526: 20:

Timeline of teachings on evolution in the LDS Church

3929:Jeffrey, Duane E.; Norman, Keith E. (Winter 2002), 2990:. Vol. 46, no. 4. p. 46 – via 1401:

Mormon Rhetoric and the Theory of Organic Evolution

1322:. In Nyman, Monte S.; Tate, Charles D. Jr. (eds.). 584:

1911 Brigham Young University modernism controversy

365:However, in relation to this verse, the manual for 66:

1911 Brigham Young University modernism controversy

2920: 2615: 570:Soon after the First Presidency's 1909 statement, 373: 2835:"The Blessings and Responsibilities of Womanhood" 5114: 2972: 2970: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2094:"This Generation Shall Have My Word through You" 1695:"Acceptance of evolution among American Mormons" 1589: 1564: 362:generally occurs over very large spans of time. 3983:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 2952:God, Family, Country: Our Three Great Loyalties 1892:Old Testament Student Manual Genesis – 2 Samuel 1467: 1431: 1353: 1190:Evenson, William E.; Jeffrey, Duane E. (2005), 1059:"What does the Church believe about evolution?" 624:Prior to becoming president of the LDS Church, 283: 27:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 3365: 2714:"Editor's Table: Theory and Divine Revelation" 2613: 1189: 1113:Sherlock, Richard; Keller, Jeffrey E. (1993). 1112: 742:President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles 291: 157: 3966: 3928: 3439:"The Seven Deadly Heresies (Tape Transcript)" 2967: 2702:. Vol. 46, no. 4. pp. 208–209. 2684: 2682: 2463: 1917: 1915: 878:evolution occurred due to natural processes. 243:In 1925, in the midst of the Scopes Trial in 1931: 1929: 1196:, Salt Lake City, Utah: Greg Kofford Books, 417:A July 2016 article for young adults in the 266:on July 18, 1925 and later published in the 3526:was no mortality, no procreation, no death. 1785: 1783: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1481:"Words in Season from the First Presidency" 847: 658: 3973: 3959: 3684:... To me, such theories are unbelievable! 3616: 3614: 3274:The Gospel and Man's Relationship to Deity 3115:"God Hath Not Given Us the Spirit of Fear" 3040:"Four Imperatives for Religious Educators" 3012:Discourses of President Gordon B. Hinckley 2679: 2618:Brigham Young University: A House of Faith 2264:"Priesthood Quorum's Table: Origin of Man" 1912: 1349: 1347: 3856: 3846: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3207:Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine 2863:Teachings of President Gordon B. Hinckley 2852: 2850: 2143: 2141: 2030:Evenson, William E. (November 12, 1992). 1926: 1749:"Part II The Way: An Adamic Dispensation" 1739: 1737: 1509:The Origin of Man & Organic Evolution 1108: 1106: 1082:Harrison, Mette Ivie (January 15, 2017). 946:Relationship between religion and science 280:stance on the existence of pre-Adamites. 275:1931 statement "First Presidency Minutes" 239:1925 statement "Mormon View of Evolution" 33:has occurred, nor on the validity of the 4347:Black temple and priesthood restrictions 3782: 3780: 3542: 3511: 3483: 3263: 3261: 3228: 3226: 3224: 3109: 3034: 3004: 2890:"Great Things Required of Their Fathers" 2856: 2614:Bergera, James; Priddis, Ronald (1985). 2607: 2546:. Vol. 14. p. 116 – via 2286: 2258: 2256: 2088: 2064: 1935: 1789: 1772: 1688: 1686: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1404:(Master Thesis). Department of English, 1393: 1391: 1389: 1387: 1385: 1383: 1278: 1276: 1274: 1081: 735: 3647:"In Focus: Mormonism in Modern America" 3611: 3267: 3232: 3147:Science, Religion, and Mormon Cosmology 3138: 3136: 3134: 3132: 3130: 2476: 2280: 2029: 1980: 1882: 1880: 1858: 1856: 1743: 1616: 1614: 1612: 1500: 1344: 1230: 1053: 1051: 1049: 956:Evolution and the Roman Catholic Church 474: 5115: 3882: 3663: 3552:(1st ed.). Salt Lake City, Utah: 3494:Teaching Seminary: Preservice Readings 3289: 3181:"Religious Groups' Views on Evolution" 3064: 2976: 2945: 2915: 2884: 2847: 2726:. April 1911. p. 548 – via 2657: 2138: 1894:(3rd ed.). Salt Lake City, Utah: 1837: 1818: 1734: 1314: 1185: 1183: 1181: 1179: 1177: 1175: 1173: 1103: 936:William Henry Chamberlin (philosopher) 313: 5138:Latter Day Saint movement and society 3954: 3939:Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 3893:Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 3787:Knoll, Benjamin (December 20, 2017). 3786: 3777: 3764: 3726: 3695: 3689: 3580: 3574: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3406: 3306: 3258: 3221: 3197: 3016:. Vol. 1. Salt Lake City, Utah: 2805: 2764: 2740: 2688: 2578: 2560: 2532: 2253: 1941:"The Earth, Its Creation and Destiny" 1692: 1677: 1397: 1380: 1282: 1271: 1226: 1224: 1171: 1169: 1167: 1165: 1163: 1161: 1159: 1157: 1155: 1153: 637: 606: 386: 320:Old Testament Student Seminary Manual 296:The LDS Church has published several 5133:Latter Day Saint belief and doctrine 3142: 3127: 2582:Letters of Brigham Young to His Sons 2223: 1877: 1862: 1853: 1609: 1519:. 2004. pp. 2–3. Archived from 1367:"Gospel Classics: The Origin of Man" 1046: 797: 762: 131: 4974:List of Book of Mormon translations 4944:Truth & Transparency Foundation 4848:Utah Property Management Associates 4416:spectrums of orthodoxy and practice 3885:"Mormonism and the New Creationism" 3720: 3620: 3436: 2694:"Philosophy and the Church Schools" 2191: 2112: 1623:"The Mormon Myth of Evil Evolution" 1620: 1445:"Editor's Table: The Origin of Man" 619: 502: 13: 3876: 3765:Masci, David (February 11, 2019). 3531: 3333: 2477:Jeffrey, Duane E. (October 1973). 2115:"Science and Our Search for Truth" 1974:University of California, Berkeley 1308: 1283:Moore, Carrie A. (March 1, 2006). 1221: 1150: 840:at a Mormon studies conference at 565: 453: 255:. There is a short article in the 183:1909 statement "The Origin of Man" 14: 5174: 5024:Mormonism and Nicene Christianity 3466:be deceived and be lead [ 2010:"BYU Library Packet on Evolution" 593: 527:Statements from church presidents 5094: 5082: 5071: 5070: 3883:Bailey, David H. (Winter 2002), 1700:Journal of Contemporary Religion 1084:"New Church Problems: Mormonism" 919: 887:Journal of Contemporary Religion 785:quotes extensively from Smith's 680:holders of the church. Entitled 535: 211:appointed a committee headed by 125:Journal of Contemporary Religion 41:. In the twentieth century, the 5148:Mormonism-related controversies 5095: 4794:Deseret News Publishing Company 3808: 3758: 3657: 3639: 3505: 3477: 3430: 3400: 3359: 3327: 3250:. pp. 474–477 – via 3191: 3173: 3103: 3058: 3028: 2998: 2939: 2909: 2878: 2827: 2819:. p. Church-2 – via 2799: 2788: 2758: 2734: 2706: 2651: 2572: 2554: 2526: 2445: 2421: 2397: 2373: 2349: 2338: 2327: 2242: 2217: 2185: 2161: 2106: 2082: 2058: 2023: 2002: 1962: 1831: 1812: 1790:Sherlock, Richard (Fall 1980). 1621:Ash, Michael R. (Winter 2002). 1583: 1558: 1538: 1461: 1027: 1017: 814:Scientific Aspects of Mormonism 374:BYU Library packet on evolution 4769:Deseret Management Corporation 3707:Brigham Young University–Idaho 3446:Brigham Young University-Idaho 3246:. Vol. 100, no. 12. 1821:"The Pattern of Our Parentage" 1517:Brigham Young University-Idaho 1075: 997:The entry on evolution in the 991: 977:Issues in Science and Religion 546: 1: 5029:Relationship to U.S. politics 4616:Quorum of the Twelve Apostles 3211:Utah Genealogical Association 2843:. March 1976. pp. 70–72. 2747:Message for LDS College Youth 2453:"Approaching Mormon Doctrine" 1922:Doctrine & Covenants 77:6 1819:Packer, Boyd (October 1984). 1713:10.1080/13537903.2018.1408295 1040: 686:Quorum of the Twelve Apostles 35:modern evolutionary synthesis 3848:10.1371/journal.pone.0205798 3373:The American Biology Teacher 3353:University of Illinois Press 3209:. Vol. 21, no. 4. 3153:University of Illinois Press 2579:Jesse, Dean C., ed. (1974). 2496:University of Illinois Press 2287:Matthews, Robert J. (1992). 1863:Reid, Tim S. (May 2, 1997). 1806:University of Illinois Press 1764:(2nd ed.). Provo Utah: 1640:University of Illinois Press 1567:"'Mormon' View of Evolution" 1546:"'Mormon' View of Evolution" 1398:Laird, Kurt Wilford (2008). 1231:Evenson, William E. (1992). 951:Ahmadiyya views on evolution 726:The Truth, The Way, The Life 682:The Truth, The Way, The Life 674:First Council of the Seventy 327:Old Testament Student Manual 284:Official church publications 7: 3414:Answers to Gospel Questions 3313:Man, His Origin and Destiny 3143:Paul, Erich Robert (1992). 3083:10.1093/0195150457.003.0010 2157:. May 2004. pp. 36–37. 1988:"Doctrine and Covenants 77" 1888:"Genesis 1–2: The Creation" 1492:. sec. 1, p. 3 – via 961:Jainism and non-creationism 912: 806: 787:Man, His Origin and Destiny 746:Man, His Origin and Destiny 292:General conference speeches 158:First Presidency statements 10: 5179: 5128:Christianity and evolution 5014:Mormon History Association 4804:Beneficial Financial Group 3489:"The Bible, a Sealed Book" 3422:. p. 116 – via 3213:. p. 147 – via 3020:. p. 379 – via 2982:"Strengthening the Family" 2959:. p. 225 – via 2870:. p. 298 – via 2770:"President David O. McKay" 2671:. p. 160 – via 2224:Hill, George (June 1993). 2032:"Evolution Packet Defined" 410: 141:Joseph Fielding Smith and 92:the 1930s, church leaders 17: 5089:Latter Day Saint Movement 5066: 4952: 4870: 4838:Perpetual Emigration Fund 4789:Temple Square Hospitality 4737:Church Educational System 4699: 4659: 4582: 4507:Latter-day Saints Channel 4439: 4238:For the Strength of Youth 4159: 4097: 3990: 3831:Public Library of Science 3696:Allen, A. Lester (1978). 3669:"The Magnificence of Man" 3581:Horne, Dennis B. (2000). 3065:Witham, Larry A. (2002). 2780:. p. 92 – via 2298:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 2070:"Christ and the Creation" 1970:"Speciation in Real Time" 1242:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 1000:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 966:Jewish views on evolution 830:Science and Belief in God 711:Another of the apostles, 558:theory. In his 1882 book 391: 381:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 331:Church Educational System 258:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 107:Since the publication of 88:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 5056:Kirtland Egyptian papers 4979:Joseph Smith Translation 4843:Perpetual Education Fund 4799:Bonneville International 4178:Apostasy and restoration 3052:Brigham Young University 2955:. Salt Lake City, Utah: 2931:. p. 6 – via 2927:. Salt Lake City, Utah: 2866:. Salt Lake City, Utah: 2752:Brigham Young University 2667:. Salt Lake City, Utah: 2413:. Salt Lake City, Utah: 2389:. Salt Lake City, Utah: 2365:. Salt Lake City, Utah: 2192:Penrith, Janice Turner. 2149:"My Answer to Evolution" 2045:Brigham Young University 2017:Brigham Young University 1994:. Salt Lake City, Utah: 1766:Brigham Young University 1406:Brigham Young University 1328:Brigham Young University 984: 971:Hindu views on evolution 853:church members read the 848:Views in the early 2000s 818:William Henry Chamberlin 696:had lived on the Earth. 659:Statements from apostles 580:Brigham Young University 202:On the Origin of Species 109:On the Origin of Species 83:Brigham Young University 53:On the Origin of Species 4912:Historical authenticity 3075:Oxford University Press 1871:Oregon State University 1320:"The Law and the Light" 642:In a 1997 speech at an 560:Mediation and Atonement 5163:Evolution and religion 4929:Mormon Stories Podcast 4621:Quorums of the Seventy 4352:Curses of Cain and Ham 4119:Doctrine and Covenants 4084:Mormonism and violence 3621:Dye, David A. (2007). 3517:"The Caravan Moves On" 3408:Smith, Joseph Fielding 3336:"An Official Position" 3199:Smith, Joseph Fielding 2860:(September 15, 1978). 2809:(September 25, 1954). 2357:"Fall of Adam and Eve" 1937:Smith, Joseph Fielding 1693:Baker, Joseph (2018). 842:Utah Valley University 756:Doctrines of Salvation 678:Melchizedek priesthood 485:Doctrine and Covenants 344:Doctrine and Covenants 5123:Christian creationism 5009:Mormon fundamentalism 4784:Deseret Digital Media 4757:BYU–Pathway Worldwide 4676:Statistics by country 4490:Humanitarian services 3737:The Salt Lake Tribune 3730:(February 24, 2018). 3728:Stack, Peggy Fletcher 3455:on September 15, 2017 3334:Stokes, William Lee. 2543:Journal of Discourses 1479:(December 17, 1910). 941:Ralph Vary Chamberlin 863:FARMS Review of Books 740:In 1954, when he was 736:Joseph Fielding Smith 644:Institute of Religion 348:Joseph Fielding Smith 189:The Origin of Species 137:scriptural teaching. 94:Joseph Fielding Smith 5153:Religion and science 4907:Geographical setting 4833:Ensign Peak Advisors 4774:Deseret Book Company 4458:Especially for Youth 4305:Baptism for the dead 4173:Apostolic succession 4144:Joseph Smith–History 4139:Joseph Smith–Matthew 4124:Pearl of Great Price 4059:LGBT Mormon timeline 4032:Good Neighbor policy 3716:on January 29, 2019. 2744:(October 10, 1952). 2303:Macmillan Publishing 2226:"Seek Ye Diligently" 1998:. 2013. p. 280. 1489:Deseret Evening News 1247:Macmillan Publishing 718:Salt Lake Tabernacle 692:and that human-like 519:As noted above, the 497:Pearl of Great Price 475:Canonized scriptures 469:Pearl of Great Price 31:biological evolution 5046:Joseph Smith Papyri 4453:Cultural depictions 4250:Family Proclamation 4227:Family Home Evening 3839:2018PLoSO..1305798B 3794:The Huffington Post 3771:Pew Research Center 3651:Pew Research Center 3437:Marrott, Robert L. 3238:"The Earth and Man" 3187:. February 4, 2009. 3185:Pew Research Center 3111:Hinckley, Gordon B. 3036:Hinckley, Gordon B. 3006:Hinckley, Gordon B. 2858:Hinckley, Gordon B. 2699:Juvenile Instructor 2536:(October 6, 1863). 2113:Stanton, Alicia K. 1494:Library of Congress 1089:The Huffington Post 650:, church president 479:Some verses in the 329:, published by the 314:Instruction manuals 74:general authorities 4996:FARMS organization 4969:ComeUntoChrist.org 4779:Deseret Industries 4686:Less-active Mormon 4671:Membership history 4520:Missionary service 4485:General Conference 4074:Name of the church 4064:Handcart companies 3746:on October 4, 2023 3665:Nelson, Russell M. 3513:McConkie, Bruce R. 3038:(September 2004). 3008:(April 15, 1997). 2821:University of Utah 2090:McConkie, Bruce R. 2066:McConkie, Bruce R. 1945:McConkie, Bruce R. 1843:"Thanks Be to God" 1599:Nibley, Charles W. 1577:University of Utah 1515:. Rexburg, Idaho: 1121:. Salt Lake City: 751:University of Utah 652:Gordon B. Hinckley 638:Gordon B. Hinckley 613:Spencer W. Kimball 607:Spencer W. Kimball 434:Gordon B. Hinckley 387:Official magazines 298:general conference 5110: 5109: 4991:FAIR organization 4934:Salamander letter 4599:Russell M. Nelson 4379:Reformed Egyptian 4362:Pacific Islanders 4203:Plan of salvation 4149:Articles of Faith 4052:succession crisis 4012:Anthon Transcript 3600:978-1-890718-01-5 3568:Internet Archives 3283:Internet Archives 3236:(December 1965). 3234:Talmage, James E. 3073:. New York City: 2980:(December 1970). 2978:Benson, Ezra Taft 2947:Benson, Ezra Taft 2917:Benson, Ezra Taft 2872:Internet Archives 2774:Conference Report 2645:Internet Archives 2596:978-0-87747-522-4 2455:(Press release). 2312:978-0-02-879602-4 1957:Internet Archives 1601:(April 5, 1931). 1595:Ivins, Anthony W. 1526:on August 5, 2016 1443:(November 1909), 1365:(February 2002), 1256:978-0-02-879602-4 1132:978-1-56085-020-5 927:LDS Church portal 826:Frederick J. Pack 798:Russell M. Nelson 763:Bruce R. McConkie 754:evolution in his 444:natural selection 352:Bruce R. McConkie 307:Russell M. Nelson 143:Bruce R. McConkie 132:Official doctrine 39:scientific theory 5170: 5143:Mormon cosmology 5102: 5098: 5097: 5090: 5086: 5078: 5074: 5073: 4956: 4874: 4663: 4626:Presiding Bishop 4611:First Presidency 4586: 4567:Worship services 4550:Tabernacle Choir 4445: 4357:Native Americans 4320:Temple endowment 4315:Second anointing 4310:Marriage sealing 4263:God in Mormonism 4208:Degrees of glory 4165: 4101: 4069:Mormon Battalion 4022:Church of Christ 3994: 3984: 3975: 3968: 3961: 3952: 3951: 3947: 3935: 3924: 3906:10.2307/45226894 3889: 3871: 3870: 3860: 3850: 3812: 3806: 3805: 3803: 3801: 3784: 3775: 3774: 3762: 3756: 3755: 3753: 3751: 3745: 3740:. Archived from 3724: 3718: 3717: 3715: 3709:. Archived from 3704: 3693: 3687: 3686: 3667:(October 1987). 3661: 3655: 3654: 3643: 3637: 3636: 3618: 3609: 3608: 3588: 3578: 3572: 3571: 3540: 3529: 3528: 3515:(October 1984). 3509: 3503: 3502: 3481: 3475: 3474: 3462: 3460: 3454: 3448:. Archived from 3443: 3434: 3428: 3427: 3417: 3404: 3398: 3397: 3363: 3357: 3356: 3340: 3331: 3325: 3324: 3318: 3304: 3287: 3286: 3265: 3256: 3255: 3252:Internet Archive 3230: 3219: 3218: 3215:Internet Archive 3201:(October 1930). 3195: 3189: 3188: 3177: 3171: 3170: 3150: 3140: 3125: 3124: 3113:(October 1984). 3107: 3101: 3100: 3072: 3062: 3056: 3055: 3032: 3026: 3025: 3015: 3002: 2996: 2995: 2992:Internet Archive 2974: 2965: 2964: 2961:Internet Archive 2943: 2937: 2936: 2933:Internet Archive 2926: 2913: 2907: 2906: 2882: 2876: 2875: 2854: 2845: 2844: 2831: 2825: 2824: 2803: 2797: 2792: 2786: 2785: 2782:Internet Archive 2762: 2756: 2755: 2738: 2732: 2731: 2728:Internet Archive 2722:. Vol. 14. 2710: 2704: 2703: 2690:Smith, Joseph F. 2686: 2677: 2676: 2655: 2649: 2648: 2642: 2640: 2621: 2611: 2605: 2604: 2576: 2570: 2569: 2558: 2552: 2551: 2530: 2524: 2523: 2504:10.2307/45224432 2483: 2474: 2461: 2460: 2449: 2443: 2442: 2441:. February 2017. 2425: 2419: 2418: 2410:Bible Dictionary 2401: 2395: 2394: 2386:Bible Dictionary 2377: 2371: 2370: 2362:Bible Dictionary 2353: 2347: 2342: 2336: 2331: 2325: 2324: 2293:Ludlow, Daniel H 2284: 2278: 2277: 2274:Internet Archive 2260: 2251: 2246: 2240: 2239: 2221: 2215: 2214: 2212: 2210: 2189: 2183: 2182: 2169:"We've Got Mail" 2165: 2159: 2158: 2145: 2136: 2135: 2133: 2131: 2110: 2104: 2103: 2086: 2080: 2079: 2062: 2056: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2036: 2027: 2021: 2020: 2014: 2006: 2000: 1999: 1984: 1978: 1977: 1976:. February 2010. 1966: 1960: 1959: 1933: 1924: 1919: 1910: 1909: 1884: 1875: 1874: 1860: 1851: 1850: 1835: 1829: 1828: 1816: 1810: 1809: 1787: 1770: 1769: 1753: 1741: 1732: 1731: 1729: 1727: 1690: 1675: 1674: 1672: 1670: 1648:10.2307/45226893 1627: 1618: 1607: 1606: 1587: 1581: 1580: 1562: 1556: 1555: 1542: 1536: 1535: 1533: 1531: 1525: 1514: 1504: 1498: 1497: 1485: 1469:Smith, Joseph F. 1465: 1459: 1458: 1433:Smith, Joseph F. 1429: 1418: 1417: 1395: 1378: 1376: 1355:Smith, Joseph F. 1351: 1342: 1341: 1312: 1306: 1305: 1303: 1301: 1280: 1269: 1268: 1237:Ludlow, Daniel H 1228: 1219: 1218: 1187: 1148: 1147: 1141: 1139: 1120: 1110: 1101: 1100: 1098: 1096: 1079: 1073: 1072: 1055: 1034: 1031: 1025: 1021: 1015: 1003:was approved by 995: 929: 924: 923: 922: 902:A 2018 study in 626:Ezra Taft Benson 620:Ezra Taft Benson 521:Bible Dictionary 512:Bible Dictionary 504:Bible Dictionary 213:Orson F. Whitney 206:Church president 194:George Q. Cannon 102:James E. Talmage 43:First Presidency 5178: 5177: 5173: 5172: 5171: 5169: 5168: 5167: 5113: 5112: 5111: 5106: 5100: 5088: 5076: 5062: 4954: 4948: 4887:Book of Abraham 4872: 4866: 4860:Deseret Ranches 4706:Congregational 4695: 4681:Mormon corridor 4661: 4655: 4584: 4578: 4443: 4441: 4435: 4394:Law of chastity 4268:Heavenly Mother 4163: 4161: 4155: 4134:Book of Abraham 4099: 4093: 4002:1838 Mormon War 3992: 3986: 3982: 3979: 3933: 3887: 3879: 3877:Further reading 3874: 3813: 3809: 3799: 3797: 3785: 3778: 3763: 3759: 3749: 3747: 3725: 3721: 3713: 3702: 3694: 3690: 3662: 3658: 3653:. May 16, 2007. 3645: 3644: 3640: 3633: 3619: 3612: 3601: 3579: 3575: 3564: 3549:Mormon Doctrine 3544:McConkie, Bruce 3541: 3532: 3510: 3506: 3485:McConkie, Bruce 3482: 3478: 3458: 3456: 3452: 3441: 3435: 3431: 3418:. Vol. 5. 3405: 3401: 3386:10.2307/4450698 3364: 3360: 3338: 3332: 3328: 3316: 3305: 3290: 3266: 3259: 3231: 3222: 3196: 3192: 3179: 3178: 3174: 3163: 3141: 3128: 3123:. pp. 2–6. 3108: 3104: 3093: 3077:. p. 177. 3063: 3059: 3033: 3029: 3003: 2999: 2987:Improvement Era 2975: 2968: 2944: 2940: 2914: 2910: 2883: 2879: 2855: 2848: 2833: 2832: 2828: 2807:McKay, David O. 2804: 2800: 2793: 2789: 2766:McKay, David O. 2763: 2759: 2742:McKay, David O. 2739: 2735: 2719:Improvement Era 2712: 2711: 2707: 2687: 2680: 2656: 2652: 2638: 2636: 2634: 2624:Signature Books 2612: 2608: 2597: 2589:. p. 199. 2577: 2573: 2559: 2555: 2531: 2527: 2481: 2475: 2464: 2451: 2450: 2446: 2427: 2426: 2422: 2403: 2402: 2398: 2379: 2378: 2374: 2355: 2354: 2350: 2343: 2339: 2332: 2328: 2313: 2305:. p. 485. 2285: 2281: 2269:Improvement Era 2262: 2261: 2254: 2247: 2243: 2222: 2218: 2208: 2206: 2190: 2186: 2167: 2166: 2162: 2147: 2146: 2139: 2129: 2127: 2111: 2107: 2087: 2083: 2063: 2059: 2049: 2047: 2034: 2028: 2024: 2012: 2008: 2007: 2003: 1986: 1985: 1981: 1968: 1967: 1963: 1951:, vol. 1, 1934: 1927: 1920: 1913: 1906: 1886: 1885: 1878: 1861: 1854: 1839:Nelson, Russell 1836: 1832: 1817: 1813: 1788: 1773: 1751: 1742: 1735: 1725: 1723: 1691: 1678: 1668: 1666: 1625: 1619: 1610: 1591:Grant, Heber J. 1588: 1584: 1563: 1559: 1551:Improvement Era 1544: 1543: 1539: 1529: 1527: 1523: 1512: 1506: 1505: 1501: 1483: 1477:Lund, Anthon H. 1473:Winder, John R. 1466: 1462: 1450:Improvement Era 1441:Lund, Anthon H. 1437:Winder, John R. 1430: 1421: 1396: 1381: 1363:Lund, Anthon H. 1359:Winder, John R. 1352: 1345: 1338: 1316:Packer, Boyd K. 1313: 1309: 1299: 1297: 1281: 1272: 1257: 1249:. p. 478. 1229: 1222: 1204: 1188: 1151: 1137: 1135: 1133: 1123:Signature Books 1111: 1104: 1094: 1092: 1080: 1076: 1071:. October 2016. 1057: 1056: 1047: 1043: 1038: 1037: 1032: 1028: 1022: 1018: 1008:Neal A. Maxwell 996: 992: 987: 982: 925: 920: 918: 915: 850: 822:Essay on Nature 809: 800: 791:Mormon Doctrine 783:Mormon Doctrine 771:Mormon Doctrine 765: 738: 670: 661: 640: 622: 609: 596: 572:Joseph F. Smith 568: 566:Joseph F. Smith 549: 538: 529: 507: 477: 463:Improvement Era 458: 455:Improvement Era 415: 396: 389: 376: 341: 323: 316: 294: 286: 277: 268:Improvement Era 241: 228: 209:Joseph F. Smith 185: 160: 148:John A. Widtsoe 134: 22: 12: 11: 5: 5176: 5166: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5108: 5107: 5105: 5104: 5092: 5080: 5067: 5064: 5063: 5061: 5060: 5059: 5058: 5053: 5043: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5019:Mormon studies 5016: 5011: 5006: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4960: 4958: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4925: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4892:Book of Mormon 4889: 4884: 4882:Anti-Mormonism 4878: 4876: 4868: 4867: 4865: 4864: 4863: 4862: 4852: 4851: 4850: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4825: 4823:Philanthropies 4820: 4819: 4818: 4808: 4807: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4766: 4765: 4764: 4762:Ensign College 4759: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4734: 4733: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4703: 4701: 4697: 4696: 4694: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4667: 4665: 4657: 4656: 4654: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4631:Relief Society 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4607: 4606: 4601: 4590: 4588: 4580: 4579: 4577: 4576: 4575: 4574: 4564: 4563: 4562: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4509: 4504: 4503: 4502: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4476: 4475: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4449: 4447: 4437: 4436: 4434: 4433: 4431:Word of Wisdom 4428: 4423: 4421:Temple garment 4418: 4413: 4412: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4370: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4329: 4324: 4323: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4297: 4296: 4295: 4290: 4285: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4259: 4258: 4253: 4241: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4223: 4222: 4221: 4220: 4218:Premortal life 4215: 4210: 4200: 4195: 4185: 4180: 4175: 4169: 4167: 4157: 4156: 4154: 4153: 4152: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4121: 4116: 4114:Book of Mormon 4111: 4105: 4103: 4095: 4094: 4092: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4055: 4054: 4049: 4039: 4037:Historic sites 4034: 4029: 4024: 4019: 4014: 4009: 4007:1890 Manifesto 4004: 3998: 3996: 3988: 3987: 3978: 3977: 3970: 3963: 3955: 3949: 3948: 3926: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3872: 3807: 3776: 3757: 3719: 3688: 3656: 3638: 3631: 3625:. Lulu Press. 3610: 3599: 3573: 3562: 3530: 3504: 3476: 3429: 3399: 3358: 3326: 3288: 3257: 3243:The Instructor 3220: 3190: 3172: 3162:978-0252018954 3161: 3126: 3102: 3091: 3057: 3027: 2997: 2966: 2938: 2908: 2877: 2846: 2826: 2798: 2787: 2768:(April 1968). 2757: 2733: 2705: 2692:(April 1911). 2678: 2650: 2633:978-0941214346 2632: 2606: 2595: 2571: 2562:Young, Brigham 2553: 2534:Young, Brigham 2525: 2462: 2459:. May 4, 2007. 2444: 2420: 2405:"Introduction" 2396: 2372: 2348: 2337: 2326: 2311: 2289:"Fall of Adam" 2279: 2252: 2241: 2216: 2184: 2181:. August 2004. 2160: 2137: 2105: 2081: 2057: 2040:Daily Universe 2022: 2001: 1979: 1961: 1925: 1911: 1904: 1876: 1852: 1841:(April 2012). 1830: 1811: 1771: 1768:. p. 297. 1733: 1707:(1): 123–134. 1676: 1608: 1582: 1557: 1537: 1499: 1460: 1419: 1379: 1343: 1336: 1307: 1270: 1255: 1220: 1203:978-1589580930 1202: 1149: 1131: 1102: 1074: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1036: 1035: 1026: 1016: 1012:Dallin H. Oaks 989: 988: 986: 983: 981: 980: 973: 968: 963: 958: 953: 948: 943: 938: 932: 931: 930: 914: 911: 849: 846: 838:Steven L. Peck 808: 805: 799: 796: 779:standard works 764: 761: 737: 734: 669: 666: 660: 657: 639: 636: 631:Book of Mormon 621: 618: 608: 605: 595: 594:David O. McKay 592: 576:modus operandi 567: 564: 548: 545: 537: 534: 528: 525: 506: 501: 481:standard works 476: 473: 457: 452: 414: 409: 395: 390: 388: 385: 375: 372: 340: 335: 322: 317: 315: 312: 302:Boyd K. Packer 293: 290: 285: 282: 276: 273: 240: 237: 227: 224: 184: 181: 168:Boyd K. Packer 159: 156: 133: 130: 58:Charles Darwin 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5175: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5120: 5118: 5103: 5093: 5091: 5085: 5081: 5079: 5069: 5068: 5065: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5049: 5048: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5041: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5003: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4986: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4961: 4959: 4957: 4951: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4939:September Six 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4894: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4869: 4861: 4858: 4857: 4856: 4853: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4830: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4817: 4814: 4813: 4812: 4809: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4771: 4770: 4767: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4745: 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