243:. A panel of judges assign points to each performance and the driver with the most points is declared the winner. Historically, additional vehicles for the drivers to crush, such as motor homes and school buses, were placed on the track specifically for the freestyle event, however incidents of debris flying into the stands and causing serious injuries have influenced most event promoters to turn away from such obstacles. Most freestyle courses now consist mostly of large mounds and ramps erected to allow the trucks to perform large jumps and wheelies upon landing. Freestyle performances have a set time limit and only one truck is allowed on the track at a time as a safety measure. Freestyle events are typically the final competition of a show, as damage to the trucks would make them unable to race.
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attach to the chassis separately and are designed to be easily removed and easily replaced when damaged. The use of fiberglass panel bodies has allowed monster truck owners to develop a wide variety of thematic concept trucks that scarcely resemble the modified stock trucks that became early monster trucks.
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In 1991, TNT was purchased by the USHRA and their points series were merged. The
Special Events championship began to grow in popularity with teams as it had open qualifying spots which the invite-only USHRA championship did not have. The Special Events series lost its Pendaliner sponsorship in 1997.
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The trucks have many safety features, several of which are required just to run in the indoor arenas that the trucks frequent. Trucks are equipped with three shut-off switches: a remote ignition interrupt (RII), which allows event stewards to stop a truck remotely, a switch within the driver's reach
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In 1988, to standardize rules for truck construction and safety, Bob
Chandler, Braden, and George Carpenter formed the Monster Truck Racing Association (MTRA). The MTRA created standard safety rules to govern monster trucks. The organization still plays a major role in the sport's development in the
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in 1982. At this show, Chandler also debuted a new version of
Bigfoot with 66-inch (170 cm) tires. At a prior event in the early 1980s, when Bigfoot was still running 48-inch (120 cm) tires, Bob George, one of the owners of a motorsport promotion company named Truck-a-rama – later known as
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In April 1981, Bob
Chandler drove over junked cars in Bigfoot in what is often believed to be the first monster truck to crush cars. Chandler drove Bigfoot over a pair of cars in a field as a test of the truck's ability, and filmed it to use as a promotional tool in his four-wheel drive performance
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The first monster trucks built were pickup trucks and SUVs that were modified with larger suspension and larger tires. Today, trucks now have custom built tubular chassis, with four-link suspension to provide up to four feet (1.2 m) of clearance, and they also now have fiberglass bodies that
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shop. An event promoter saw the video of the car crush and asked
Chandler to do it in front of a crowd. Initially hesitant because of the "destructive" image that could be associated with Bigfoot, Chandler eventually agreed. After some smaller shows, Chandler performed the feat in the
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King Kong and Bear Foot each followed
Bigfoot to 66-inch-diameter (1.7 m) tires, and soon other monster trucks, such as King Krunch, Maddog, and Virginia Giant were being constructed. These early trucks were built on stock chassis which were heavily reinforced, used
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For most of the early 1980s, monster trucks performed primarily exhibitions as a side show to truck pulling or mud bogging events. In August 1983, Bigfoot and USA-1 competed in the first side-by-side monster truck race, which was filmed for the television show
322:, were racing monster trucks regularly. In 1988, TNT Motorsports created a series to establish the first national championship of monster truck racing; USA-1 and rookie driver Rod Litzau edged out Bigfoot, driven by Rich Hoosier, for the title.
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on short, symmetrical tracks, which may include obstacles such as junk cars or dirt mounds. The length and complexity of the track can vary with the size of the venue, with courses in indoor arenas typically being shorter with fewer obstacles.
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in
Megalodon, jumping over 8 trucks, the most donuts (spins) in a monster truck in one minute by Bari Musawwir in Zombie, spinning 44 times, the most consecutive donuts (spins), also by Musawwir, with 58, the longest stoppie (nose wheelie) by
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With racing taking precedence, several teams began to think in new ways as to how the trucks could be built. Towards the end of 1988, Gary Cook and David Morris debuted
Equalizer, a truck with a combination of
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The tires are typically "terra" tires used on farm equipment, and are of size 66-inch (170 cm) in diameter, 43-inch (110 cm) in width, and fit on 25-inch (64 cm) diameter rims.
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and shock absorbers. In 1989, Jack
Willman Sr., now with his own truck, Taurus, debuted a new truck which used a solid axle suspension system made of parallel four-link suspensions and
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In the late 1970s, heavily modified pickup trucks were becoming popular and the sports of mud bogging and truck pulling were gaining in popularity. Several truck owners had created
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trucks to compete in such events, and soon competition to hold the title of "biggest truck" developed. The trucks which garnered the most national attention were Bob
Chandler's
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300:(USHRA) – is said to have coined the phrase "monster truck" when referring to Bigfoot. The term "monster truck" became the generic name for all trucks with oversized tires.
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of up to 575 cubic inches (9.42 L). Axles are mostly taken from either heavy-duty military trucks or road vehicles such as school buses, and are modified to have a
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Even though racing was dominant as a competition, USHRA events began having freestyle exhibitions as early as 1993. These exhibitions were developed as drivers, notably
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monster truck shows from 2000-2014. The cars have ramps on one side for racing and are left bare on the other side for freestyle. The jumps around the perimeter are for
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The fastest speed record for a monster truck was achieved on August 6, 2022, by Joe Sylvester in Bad Habit at a speed of 101.84 miles per hour (163.90 km/h).
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and fiberglass bodies rather than metal. A competition monster truck is typically 12 feet (3.7 m) tall, and equipped with 66-inch (1.7 m) off-road tires.
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The first monster truck front flip in a scored competition was achieved in 2017 by Lee O'Donnell in VP Racing Fuels' Mad Scientist at Monster Jam World Finals 18.
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in Son Uva Digger, at 271.83 metres (891.8 ft), and the longest monster truck wheelie was by Adam Anderson in Grave Digger, at 190.46 m (624 ft 10.44 in).
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6-year-old Sebastian Hizey was fatally injured when he was struck by flying debris from the truck Natural High. Hizey succumbed to his injuries the next morning.
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or comparable polycarbonate, which not only protects the driver from track debris, but also allows for increased visibility. Drivers are required to wear
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The world's longest monster truck is the Sin City Hustler, which measures 32 feet (9.8 m) long and was created by Brad and Jen Campbell in 2014.
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events, where they were used in car-crushing demonstrations. Today they are usually the main attraction with motocross, mud bogging, ATV racing, or
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that together weighed in at close to 9,000 pounds (4,100 kg). However, the biggest innovation came from Chandler, also in 1989, when the
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The longest ramp jump done by a monster truck was achieved in 2013 by Joey Sylvester in Bad Habit at a distance of 237.7 feet (72.5 m).
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510:. Most moving parts on the truck are also shielded, and high pressure components have restraining straps, both in case of an explosion.
698:. As part of the event, many new Guinness-recognized world records were set. These include the highest ramp jump by a monster truck by
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gas. The truck revolutionized how monster trucks were built, and within a few years most top-level teams built similar vehicles.
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that caused the death of announcer George Eisenhart, Jr. after he accidentally stepped in front of Samson while it was moving.
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Monster truck shows typically have two main events, a race and a freestyle stunt driving competition. Races are conducted as a
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in the cab, and another at the rear of the truck so that all electrical power may be shut off in the event of a rollover.
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Many trucks are constructed with the driver sitting in the center of the cab for visibility. Most cabs are shielded with
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Monster trucks developed in the late 1970s and came into the public eye in the early 1980s as side acts at popular
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reduction at the hub to help turn the tires. All trucks have hydraulic steering in both the front and the rear (
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In freestyle events, each driver puts on a performance consisting of stunts such as obstacle jumps, backflips,
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The first monster truck backflip in a scored competition was achieved in 2010 by Cam McQueen in Nitro Circus.
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and oversized tires constructed for competition and entertainment uses. Originally created by modifying stock
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Engines are now typically mounted behind the driver on most trucks and are typically supercharged, run on a
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On September 29, 2014, a monster truck named Eurol's King On Wheels plowed into a crowd of spectators in
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suspension, a stock body, and heavy axles from military-specification vehicles to support the tires.
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949:"First ever Monster Jam Truck front flip - Lee O'Donnell at Monster Jam World Finals XVIII FULL RUN"
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at a height of 10.3 metres (34 ft), the most monster trucks jumped by a monster truck, by
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727. A limited number of trucks utilize a Lenco transmission, which traces its roots to
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On October 6, 2013, the monster truck Big Show plowed into a crowd of spectators in
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Most trucks use a modified or custom-designed automatic transmission, such as a
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Vehicle modified or purposely built with extremely large wheels and suspension
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On January 25, 2009, the monster truck Samson was involved in an accident in
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was created from a revision of this article dated 17 June 2006
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made of triangulated four-link suspensions, bump stops, limit straps,
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832:"Problems nearly sidelined monster truck prior to fatal accident"
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1070:"Longest stoppie (nose wheelie) on a monster truck (distance)"
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This article is about the type of truck. For other uses, see
860:"Monster truck driver didn't see victim in fatal accident"
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Bigfoot #8 debuted featuring a full tubular chassis and a
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645:, Mexico, killing 8 people and injuring 79 others in the
690:, Monster Jam staged an event for pay-per-view called
1102:"Farthest bicycle (side wheelie) in a monster truck"
1038:"Most consecutive donuts (spins) in a monster truck"
620:Below a list of accidents resulting in fatalities.
69:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
318:. By 1985 major promoters, such as the USHRA and
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686:In June 2020, with touring suspended due to the
1006:"Most monster trucks jumped by a monster truck"
366:The short-lived ProMT series started in 2000.
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437:), with the front wheels controlled by the
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1134:"Longest monster truck wheelie (distance)"
862:. archive.jsonline.com. January 25, 2009.
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664:The world's biggest monster truck is
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283:, Fred Shafer and Jack Willman Sr.'s
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981:"Highest ramp jump - monster truck"
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919:"Longest monster truck"
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1201:Types of off-roading
784:More spoken articles
542:improve this article
461:Ford C6 transmission
215:A typical track for
63:improve this article
1481:American inventions
1417:Rally support truck
1313:All-terrain vehicle
802:Pickup truck racing
435:four wheel steering
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166:four-wheel steering
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531:This section
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154:monster truck
148:monster truck
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119:February 2019
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74:Find sources:
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52:This article
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19:
18:Monster Truck
1457:
1437:Trophy truck
1432:Side-by-side
1422:Rock crawler
1406:
1243:Dune bashing
1223:Beach racing
1213:Green laning
1150:December 17,
1148:. Retrieved
1137:
1128:
1118:December 17,
1116:. Retrieved
1105:
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1086:December 17,
1084:. Retrieved
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1054:December 17,
1052:. Retrieved
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1022:December 17,
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933:December 14,
931:. Retrieved
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812:Trophy truck
807:Truck racing
704:Grave Digger
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540:Please help
535:verification
532:
489:
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427:displacement
420:
416:
411:Grave Digger
385:The USHRA's
384:
375:Grave Digger
368:
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344:CAD-designed
336:leaf springs
332:coil springs
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61:Please help
56:verification
53:
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1459:PowerNation
1368:RallyGP/2/3
1258:Mud bogging
1193:Off-roading
965:January 11,
903:January 26,
625:Monster Jam
473:transbrakes
469:drag racing
465:TorqueFlite
387:Monster Jam
352:cantilevers
326:US and EU.
306:leaf spring
257:Afterburner
197:mud bogging
1475:Categories
1328:Dune buggy
1285:Rally raid
1280:Rallycross
818:References
780:Audio help
771:2006-06-17
713:Tom Meents
568:newspapers
457:Powerglide
395:Hot Wheels
170:V8 engines
162:suspension
89:newspapers
1375:Crosskart
1263:Motocross
844:August 8,
666:Bigfoot 5
627:event in
514:Accidents
496:firesuits
453:Turbo 400
381:Promoters
340:coilovers
285:Bear Foot
265:Las Vegas
241:doughnuts
189:motocross
1427:Sandrail
1380:Dirtbike
1358:Group T5
1353:Group T4
1348:Group T3
1343:Group T2
1338:Group T1
1323:Baja Bug
1144:Archived
1112:Archived
1080:Archived
1048:Archived
1016:Archived
990:April 1,
959:Archived
927:Archived
897:Archived
870:June 13,
864:Archived
782: ·
727:See also
423:methanol
360:nitrogen
237:wheelies
146:Superman
954:YouTube
769: (
740:minutes
582:scholar
504:helmets
463:, or a
277:Bigfoot
247:History
182:chassis
103:scholar
1442:Truggy
1248:Enduro
1195:topics
584:
577:
570:
563:
555:
506:, and
354:, and
273:lifted
239:, and
223:races.
207:Events
195:, and
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1318:Buggy
717:Max-D
589:JSTOR
575:books
492:Lexan
281:USA-1
217:arena
110:JSTOR
96:books
1363:Quad
1218:Baja
1152:2020
1120:2020
1088:2020
1056:2020
1024:2020
992:2021
967:2020
935:2016
905:2020
872:2019
846:2011
561:news
296:the
176:and
82:news
1228:BMX
715:in
702:in
694:in
544:by
263:in
221:ATV
65:by
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