145:
250:-language: our language), although this name has not received wide acceptance among the native speakers and the language, which is known as Mochoʼ by both the Mochoʼ people and the Mexican government. Mochoʼ has a dialect called Tuzantec (Muchuʼ) spoken in
302:
about 500 years ago. According to local legend, the split and migration was caused by a plague of bats. Speakers have also been reported in the nearby towns of Tolimán, Buenos Aires, and
Campana. Palosaari (2011) describes the Motozintlec dialect.
277:
With about 124 speakers as of 2020, Mochoʼ is considered an endangered language. Educational programs in Mochoʼ are helping to preserve the language among youth and the process of teaching and learning the language in indigenous schools.
329:
According to the established in the written norm, the Mochoʼ alphabet consists of 30 letters, 25 consonants and 5 vowels that represent all the phonemes of the language. The official name of the Mochoʼ alphabet is
321:) was published in 2011 by the Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas, it is mainly used for indigenous education. It established official alphabet, grammar rules and other linguistic aspects.
2119:
853:
1024:
162:
1607:
2104:
1017:
2094:
881:
822:
766:
In Mochoʼ, Proto-Mayan *j and *h have merged to /j/ in
Motozintleco, while Tuzanteco preserves this distinction.
2114:
1600:
1339:
2124:
1010:
206:
1560:
157:
922:
Martin, L. (1987). The interdependence of language and culture in the bear story in
Spanish and Mocho.
1289:
2109:
2099:
1824:
1593:
1550:
1474:
1378:
1264:
1241:
259:
1778:
823:"Naʼobal chu tsʼiba we tookʼ Mochoʼ (Norma de Escritura de la Lengua Mochoʼ). NOMBRE DE LA LENGUA"
271:
94:
1319:
2059:
1987:
1743:
1737:
1633:
1309:
1798:
1161:
267:
2052:
2028:
1940:
1726:
1690:
1565:
1545:
1469:
1349:
1166:
1118:
1068:
854:"Entrega de Gramáticas Didácticas elaboradas en ocho lenguas indígenas nacionales de Chiapas"
1971:
1950:
1138:
793:
2045:
1329:
1711:
1196:
867:
8:
1992:
1649:
1624:
1555:
1464:
1364:
1279:
1211:
1156:
1103:
1098:
1033:
956:
950:
839:
299:
286:
The two dialects of Mochoʼ are spoken in two different villages: the
Tuzantec dialect in
227:
1419:
1404:
882:"Naʼobal chu tsʼiba we tookʼ Mochoʼ (Norma de escritura de la lengua mochoʼ). TSʼIBTOOK"
298:. Historically, the two groups descend from a single population living in the region of
1945:
1920:
1359:
1304:
1083:
755:
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1454:
1389:
1344:
1284:
1181:
1176:
1128:
1113:
1078:
1073:
770:
963:
936:
Schuman, Otto. 1969. "El tuzanteco y su posición dentro de la familia mayense" en
1814:
1616:
1577:
Note: The list of official languages is ordered by decreasing size of population.
1529:
1509:
1499:
1489:
1479:
1459:
1424:
1369:
1299:
1274:
1201:
1186:
1171:
1058:
89:
81:
2075:
2020:
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1123:
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774:
223:
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118:
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1935:
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1409:
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1206:
1191:
263:
868:"NAʼOBAL CHU TSʼIBA WE TOOKʼ MOCHOʼ. NORMA DE ESCRITURA DE LA LENGUA MOCHOʼ"
1901:
1374:
1226:
125:
182:
1429:
287:
251:
295:
1002:
769:
It is worth noting that pronunciation rules change compared to modern
191:
175:
812:(Doctoral dissertation). The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
1585:
1063:
291:
231:
58:
1494:
235:
150:
62:
47:
915:
Martin, L. (1998). Irrealis constructions in Mochoʼ (Mayan).
311:
The official
Writing Norm of the Mochoʼ Language (In Mochoʼ:
840:"Población de 3 años y más hablante de lengua indígena 2020"
905:(Working Paper 5). Berkeley, CA: University of California.
959:. Archive of the Indigenous Languages of Latin America.
953:. Archive of the Indigenous Languages of Latin America.
938:
Anales del
Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia
306:
912:(Vol. 50). Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press.
964:"Mocho Pronunciation Guide, Alphabet and Phonology"
794:
Lenguas indígenas y hablantes de 3 años y más, 2020
957:MesoAmerican Languages Collection of Lyle Campbell
274:group from the western branch of Mayan languages.
2086:
61:(villages of Tuzatlán and Motozintla), Southern
2120:Endangered indigenous languages of the Americas
929:England, N. C., & Maldonado, R. Z. (2013).
773:, as ñ becomes an "ng" sound like in sing, and
758:. Stress is regular and at the last syllable.
222:(known as Motozintleco in older sources) is a
1601:
1018:
910:The linguistics of southeast Chiapas, Mexico
16:Endangered Mayan language of Chiapas, Mexico
804:
802:
1608:
1594:
1025:
1011:
951:Mayan Languages Collection of Laura Martin
796:INEGI. Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020.
810:Topics in mochoʼ phonology and morphology
799:
787:
762:Short vowels have level or rising pitch.
1032:
777:becomes important for many consonants.
754:Unlike most Mayan languages, Mochoʼ is
238:. A source stated that it was known as
163:Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas
2087:
319:Norma de escritura de la lengua mochoʼ
294:, Chiapas), and the Mochoʼ dialect in
1589:
1006:
270:, the Mochoʼ language is part of the
1615:
990:. Alliance for Linguistic Diversity
307:Written norm of the Mochoʼ language
13:
970:. Native Languages of the Americas
895:
314:Naʼobal chu tsʼiba we tookʼ Mochoʼ
14:
2136:
944:
143:
281:
2105:Indigenous languages of Mexico
874:
860:
846:
832:
815:
1:
903:Preliminary Mochoʼ vocabulary
780:
988:Endangered Languages Project
749:
19:Not to be confused with the
7:
1561:Plains Indian Sign Language
940:. México. pp. 139–148.
924:Anthropological Linguistics
917:Anthropological Linguistics
324:
10:
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933:. Oxford University Press.
18:
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808:Palosaari, N. E. (2011).
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138:Official language in
136:
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78:
68:
53:
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38:
33:
28:
1551:Albarradas Sign Language
968:www.native-languages.org
436:Qʼanxwitookʼ (consonant)
2095:Agglutinative languages
2115:Mesoamerican languages
1808:Qʼanjobʼalan–Jakaltek
1566:Chatino Sign Language
1546:Mexican Sign Language
908:Campbell, L. (1988).
254:, Chiapas. Alongside
901:Kaufman, T. (1969).
2125:Languages of Mexico
1779:Qʼanjobalan–Chujean
1556:Mayan Sign Language
1034:Languages of Mexico
438:
343:
341:Qʼanʼxwitii (vowel)
300:Belisario Dominguez
95:Qʼanjobalan–Chujean
1167:Chontal de Tabasco
434:
339:
2082:
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2076:extinct languages
2060:Classical Kʼicheʼ
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1265:Chontal of Oaxaca
984:"Mochoʼ Language"
747:
746:
432:
431:
333:Tsʼibtookʼ Mochoʼ
217:
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158:Regulated by
2132:
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1784:
1783:
1717:
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1655:
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2100:Tonal languages
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1955:
1929:Quichean proper
1911:
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1617:Mayan languages
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1379:whistled speech
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1187:Sierra Popoluca
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290:(a town near
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228:Mochoʼ people
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27:
22:
2071:
2058:
2053:Classic Maya
2051:
2044:
2029:Cauque Mayan
1840:
1736:
1691:Yucatec Maya
1632:
1576:
1470:Plautdietsch
1448:Non-official
1394:
1256:Under 10,000
1079:Tzotzil Maya
1074:Tzeltal Maya
1069:Yucatec Maya
992:. Retrieved
987:
972:. Retrieved
967:
937:
930:
923:
916:
909:
902:
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862:
848:
834:
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285:
282:Distribution
276:
247:
243:
239:
219:
218:
190:
102:
34:Motozintleco
2046:Proto-Mayan
1998:Sipakapense
1330:Matlatzinca
1162:Tojol-abʼal
459:Minuscule)
447:(Majuscule)
364:Minuscule)
352:(Majuscule)
317:, Spanish:
272:Qʼanjobalan
268:Tojol-Abʼal
99:Qʼanjobalan
2089:Categories
1993:Sakapultek
1825:Qʼanjobʼal
1799:Tojolabʼal
1658:Mopan–Itza
1465:Portuguese
1365:Texistepec
1300:Chocholtec
1280:Chiricahua
1242:Qʼanjobʼal
1157:Tarahumara
1043:Indigenous
781:References
453:Lustitsʼib
443:Mantitsʼib
358:Lustitsʼib
348:Mantitsʼib
296:Motozintla
260:Qʼanjobʼal
2074:indicate
1972:Poqomchiʼ
1951:Tzʼutujil
1946:Kaqchikel
1753:Tzeltalan
1650:Yucatecan
1625:Huastecan
1360:Kaqchikel
1340:Mezcalero
1305:Pima Bajo
1212:Popolocan
1139:Purépecha
1119:Chinantec
1041:Official/
750:Phonology
743:Xlokʼ-aq
246:-our and
192:Glottolog
176:ISO 639-3
2003:Uspantek
1907:Tektitek
1881:Awakatek
1820:Jakaltek
1744:Chʼortiʼ
1738:Chʼoltiʼ
1686:Lacandon
1505:Japanese
1475:Venetian
1435:Awakatek
1430:Ayapanec
1325:Jakaltek
1315:Lacandón
1295:Huarijío
1258:speakers
1222:Cuicatec
1197:Tepehuán
1150:speakers
1134:Tlapanec
1052:speakers
1050:100,000+
325:Alphabet
288:Tuzantán
256:Jakaltek
252:Tuzantan
199:moch1257
57:Eastern
2072:Italics
2038:History
1988:Qʼeqchi
1967:Poqomam
1941:Kʼicheʼ
1874:Ixilean
1858:Eastern
1787:Chujean
1765:Tzotzil
1760:Tzeltal
1727:Chontal
1704:Western
1525:Chinese
1520:Italian
1485:Catalan
1455:English
1420:Cochimí
1350:Kʼicheʼ
1345:Ixcatec
1310:Qʼeqchí
1285:Tacuate
1247:Tepehua
1182:Chatino
1177:Huichol
1129:Mazahua
1114:Huastec
1104:Mazatec
1099:Totonac
1089:Zapotec
1064:Nahuatl
1059:Spanish
771:Spanish
467:(Name)
372:(Name)
292:Huixtla
232:Chiapas
59:Chiapas
1981:others
1866:Mamean
1841:Mochoʼ
1815:Akatek
1530:German
1510:Korean
1500:Romani
1495:Arabic
1490:Hebrew
1480:Basque
1460:French
1425:Kiliwa
1415:Olutec
1405:Pápago
1400:Kumiai
1395:Qatoʼk
1390:Cucapá
1375:Kikapú
1370:Paipai
1275:Akatek
1202:Triqui
1172:Amuzgo
1084:Mixtec
242:(from
240:Qatokʼ
236:Mexico
220:Mochoʼ
212:Mocho'
151:Mexico
148:
103:Mochoʼ
63:Mexico
54:Region
48:Mexico
39:Qatoʼk
29:Mochoʼ
1960:Poqom
1732:Chʼol
1720:Chʼol
1670:Mopan
1665:Itzaʼ
1515:Greek
1355:Lipan
1232:Yaqui
1217:Huave
1109:Chʼol
1094:Otomí
994:2 May
974:1 May
885:(PDF)
826:(PDF)
756:tonal
699:TSʼa
501:CHʼa
248:Tookʼ
126:Latin
90:Mayan
1936:Achi
1886:Ixil
1794:Chuj
1539:Sign
1410:Ixil
1385:Teko
1335:Seri
1270:Chuj
1237:Pame
1207:Cora
1192:Mayo
1124:Mixe
996:2016
976:2016
696:tsʼ
693:TSʼ
688:TSa
677:Tʼa
633:Qʼa
600:Nʼa
545:Kʼa
498:chʼ
495:CHʼ
490:CHa
266:and
264:Chuj
1902:Mam
1227:Mam
732:Ya
721:Xa
710:Wa
685:ts
682:TS
674:tʼ
671:Tʼ
666:Ta
655:Sa
644:Ra
630:qʼ
627:Qʼ
622:Qa
611:Pa
597:nʼ
594:Nʼ
589:Ña
578:Na
567:Ma
556:La
542:kʼ
539:Kʼ
534:Ka
523:Ja
512:Ga
487:ch
484:CH
479:Ba
464:Bij
369:Bij
230:of
207:ELP
183:mhc
2091::
986:.
966:.
801:^
740:ʼ
737:ʼ
729:y
726:Y
718:x
715:X
707:w
704:W
663:t
660:T
652:s
649:S
641:r
638:R
619:q
616:Q
608:p
605:P
586:ñ
583:Ñ
575:n
572:N
564:m
561:M
553:l
550:L
531:k
528:K
520:j
517:J
509:g
506:G
476:b
473:B
428:U
425:u
422:U
417:O
414:o
411:O
406:I
403:i
400:I
395:E
392:e
389:E
384:A
381:a
378:A
336:.
262:,
258:,
244:Qa
234:,
1609:e
1602:t
1595:v
1381:)
1377:(
1026:e
1019:t
1012:v
998:.
978:.
887:.
870:.
856:.
842:.
828:.
457:(
362:(
23:.
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