446:. Startled by Thom, Arletty stabs him in the arm with the shears. The two of them flee to the beach, but the townsfolk follow them. They swim out into the waves, hoping to reach a small boat, but Thom drowns. Arletty survives and is captured by the townspeople. Instead of killing her, she is freed under the condition that she spread word of the religious movement throughout California and the world. This causes her to be locked up in an insane asylum. Each day, all day, she sits in the sun painting, dreading the day the Messiah and his followers come to take her away.
608:, but his motivations are even more obscure than those of his female companions. Newman points out that the strange behavior of the seemingly normal characters adds to the surreal feeling of the film. The titular Messiah of Evil is never properly identified. Kay finds it problematic that no character reads the father's diary to the end until it is too late to prevent their fate. It is unclear whether the character Thom is the "dark stranger" himself (Michael Greer does in fact play the "dark stranger" in a flashback sequence), or a reincarnation, or a descendant.
412:-like female companions, Toni and Laura. Back at his motel, Thom interviews Charlie, a local eccentric. Charlie speaks at length about "the blood moon" and "the dark stranger" and how he has lived through both. He says very soon it will be the 100-year anniversary of the first appearance of the "dark stranger." When he returns, the Moon will turn red and the town will be overrun by evil. Charlie warns Arletty about her father, whom he says is "one of them" now. Moments later he is murdered.
863:
724:
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imploring
Arletty to never look for him. His letter tells her to talk to the owner of the art gallery, who sells his paintings. The gallery owner says he has none of her father's paintings and does not sell them, that no one ever comes in looking to buy his works, and that he doesn't know where he went. He says Point Dume is "an artist colony," but he only vaguely remembers her father (his paintings are eerie
38:
419:
Late one evening, Laura goes into the local Ralphs supermarket and is devoured by a crowd of people who are feasting on raw meat; the following day, Toni goes to see a movie and is devoured by the other theater patrons, who begin bleeding from one eye. That evening, the "blood moon" rises, the town's
415:
Thom, Toni, and Laura are kicked out of their hotel after interviewing
Charlie, and they stay at Arletty's father's house. Arletty reads through her father's bizarre journal entries, in which he reveals his body temperature is 85 degrees and mentions fighting his "condition." Meanwhile, each night,
611:
The process of transformation for the infected is depicted on screen, but this process is also never really explained. The film features a distinctive pattern of symptoms for the infected population of Point Dune. They start bleeding from their eyes while becoming insensitive to pain. They consume
433:
While Thom is gone, Arletty is visited by her father, who begs her to leave and tell the world about Point Dune. He then attacks her, reluctantly giving in to his cannibalistic urges, whereupon she stabs him with garden shears and burns him alive. Thom returns to the house, where he finds
Arletty
82:
392:
A young woman named
Arletty drives to the beach town of Point Dume to visit her estranged father, an artist. She finds his beachfront house abandoned. He left a diary in which he addresses her specifically, complaining about darkness consuming the town and horrible nightmares he is having and
685:(1978). He defines it as an era when writer-directors started their own film projects and then went in search of business partners and shady distributors. The films had commercial value, but the creators managed to express their personal concerns within the framework of the genre. He places
429:
drive up and fire their guns into a swarm of townsfolk; however, one of the cops suddenly begins to bleed from his eye, causing his now-former partner to shoot him and flee. Undaunted, the undead cop shoots his former partner, and he and the other townsfolk feast on his flesh.
603:
According to author Glenn Kay, one of the key weaknesses of the film is that "important plot points are never clarified" and that the motivations of the lead characters are insufficiently explained. In particular, Thom is identified as a collector of old
689:
among the one-off oddities produced in this era and notes that such oddities were regularly released alongside marketable hits that spawned sequels. Newman believes the era properly ended in the early 1980s, when formula-driven franchises such as
397:
portraits of groups of people in black, white, and gray, standing; the men are always dressed in black suits, white shirts, and black ties, as if at a funeral). It's never clear if these are townspeople, or figures from his visions, or both.
612:
meat regardless of its source, including human flesh and a mouse. Once fully transformed, they "become mere shells of their former selves". They all eagerly await the return of the so-called "dark stranger", passing the time by lighting
424:
survivor from the late 19th century. A vampire/cannibal, he came to spread a new "religion." He walked into the ocean, promising to return in a century and lead his people up the coast and inland. While Thom hides, two policemen in
907:
gave the film four out of five stars, praising the film's atmosphere, performances, tension, and visual style, calling it "a high point in creativity for the independent
American horror film movement of the 1970s".
530:" horror film, which has both a convoluted narrative and a peculiar atmosphere. He draws attention to details such as the vanished father being a death-obsessed painter, the daughter falling in with a group of
980:
344:
Its plot follows a woman who travels to a remote coastal town in
California to find her missing artist father; upon arrival, she finds herself in the midst of a series of bizarre incidents.
778:
The film premiered in Paris, Texas on
December 11, 1974 and first appeared in Los Angeles in April 1975. It was released under several alternate titles in the following years, such as
420:
residents transform, and the titular "Messiah of Evil" returns. Through a voice-over of
Charlie's taped interviews, we learn that this "Messiah" was a former minister and a
1387:
538:. He also notes that the "dark stranger" was a sinister preacher, whose awaited return comes from the sea. He found all these details to point to the influence of
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Blauvelt, Christian; Erbland, Kate; Ehrlich, David; Kohn, Eric; Thompson, Anne; Righetti, Jamie; Nordine, Michael; O'Falt, Chris; Obenson, Tambay; Greene, Steve.
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identifies the film as an early example of "nightmare" films, meaning that it portrays many dream-like, psychedelic scenes in an eerie, ominous atmosphere.
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half-crazed; she is cold, cannot feel pain, and thinks she may be dead or undead. She even finds a spider in her mouth and immediately vomits up various
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on the beach and gathering round them. When the long-awaited return occurs, they are sent to spread their disease to other areas of
California.
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rated the film a perfect score of 10 out of 10, calling it "unsettling", and praised the film's soundtrack and disturbing visuals. Ian Jane of
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Newman places the film within a specific era of horror film, which he names "the
American Nightmare". He defines it as the era starting with
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When a victim is chased through a supermarket and devoured, the death is implied and not depicted. It seems to be a reference to
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dismissed the film as a "thoroughly dismal horror picture that is sleep-inducing rather than hair-raising". Nick Spacek from
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pale people gather on the beach in front of bonfires, ritually staring up at the Moon. The locals call it "The Waiting."
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790:. The film was involved in a dispute in the 1978 over its title, when a Chicago distributor released it under the title
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edition was released by Code Red in 2013. It had previous been released as a double feature DVD in 2003 paired with
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Released theatrically in late 1974, it would later be re-released under a number of alternate titles, including
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Katz later said the film "was a real bowwow", though Huyck claimed in 1984 that "it appeared on a marquee in a
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as an example. The undead hordes consist of strait-laced, suit-wearing people, while their targets include a
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1051:"Gloria Katz and Willard Huyck's Best Defense Against Critics Is Their Screenwriting Track Record"
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Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
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659:, but he believes that the same can be said of non-Romero films of the genre. He notes
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is lesser known, it’s full of iconic and memorable scenes that recall to mind some of
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648:(1974). Meanwhile, the decayed theater is increasingly filled with undead people.
548:. Newman points to the "doomed derelict", whose apt warnings are ignored, to be a
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824:. It would subsequently receive theatrical release again in 1980 under the title
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on the film, while the depiction of the undead derives from their depiction in
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on October 27, 2009, fully remastered by Code Red DVD. A fortieth anniversary
567:. He states that there was a trend in this direction following the release of
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called it 'one of the top 10 classic, overlooked horror films of all time.'"
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1357:"Messiah of Evil: The Second Coming : DVD Talk Review of the DVD Video"
804:. The Laurel Group (also known as Laurel Entertainment), founded in 1976 by
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629:(1978). Newman finds the highlight of the film to be the scene set in the
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Ian Cooper comments that the undead of the film seem to be ghoul-like and
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was one of the films that followed it. He cites, among other examples,
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Husband-and-wife team Huyck and Katz would go on to direct and write
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812:, took legal action against this use of the title. Eventually the
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Screening the Undead: Vampires and Zombies in Film and Television
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from the original on April 17, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
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decided that Romero did not hold exclusive rights to the terms
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605:
596:
435:
1535:
Generation Zombie: Essays on the Living Dead in Modern Culture
1532:
Riley, Brendan (2011). Boluk, Stephanie; Lenz, Wylie (eds.).
667:
535:
443:
1429:, in Hunt, Leon; Lockyer, Sharon; Williamson, Milly (eds.),
1173:
1171:
837:
1427:"Manson, Drugs Black Power: The Countercultural Vampire"
1168:
1146:
1144:
1142:
820:, but ruled against the use of the misleading title for
1561:. In Jess-Cooke, Carolyn; Verevis, Constantine (eds.).
794:. The title was chosen to make it sound as part of the
1559:"Redefining the Sequel: The Case of the (Living) Dead"
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Second Takes: Critical Approaches to the Film Sequel
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1596:is available for free viewing and download at the
1510:Nightmare Movies: Horror on Screen Since the 1960s
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1205:
16:1973 horror film by Gloria Katz and Willard Huyck
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526:considers this film to be a "neglected" and "
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1191:"Saturday Nightmares: Messiah of Evil (1973)"
651:Brendan Riley notes that the zombie films of
316:co-written, co-produced, and co-directed by
49:about the film's production, and reception.
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992:
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922:The 100 Greatest Horror Movies of All-Time
773:
80:
1405:
1036:
1020:"Messiah of Evil (1973) – Obscure Horror"
1380:"The 100 Best Horror Movies of All Time"
924:, with the film's entry stating, "While
623:similar to the satire of consumerism in
408:Thom and his two extremely provocative,
1797:Films with screenplays by Willard Huyck
1556:
1288:The Devil's Nightmare / Messiah of Evil
1226:
987:
1719:
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1367:from the original on February 4, 2020.
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1344:from the original on February 4, 2020.
1331:
1308:
1302:
1201:from the original on October 17, 2012.
1177:
1150:
1090:
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1049:McNeil Jr., Donald (August 20, 1984).
983:from the original on October 20, 2019.
1802:Films with screenplays by Gloria Katz
1639:
1531:
1162:
961:
959:
957:
814:Motion Picture Association of America
1408:Star Wars: The Annotated Screenplays
1135:from the original on March 26, 2007.
857:
853:
765:, on a budget of under $ 1 million.
718:
381:Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
31:
1479:
1390:from the original on April 5, 2019.
1214:
1111:
1026:from the original on July 13, 2007.
1008:from the original on April 5, 2018.
13:
1837:English-language independent films
1567:State University of New York Press
1332:Spacek, Nick (February 21, 2018).
1311:"'Messiah' - The Horror of it All"
954:
303:(later also shown under the title
14:
1848:
1585:
1486:Zombie Movies: The Ultimate Guide
637:" as he calls her, is watching a
497:Bennie Robinson as Albino Trucker
1354:
1309:Thomas, Kevin (April 25, 1975).
861:
722:
36:
1812:Films produced by Willard Huyck
1787:Films directed by Willard Huyck
1280:
1254:
1232:
1183:
534:, the town people turning into
1117:
1042:
1012:
942:List of American films of 1973
916:The film was listed at #95 on
761:began on September 1, 1971 in
702:started dominating the genre.
503:as Stabbing Victim in Prologue
1:
1832:English-language horror films
1807:Films produced by Gloria Katz
1792:Films directed by Gloria Katz
1557:Verevis, Constantine (2010).
1459:The Zombie Movie Encyclopedia
947:
831:
784:Revenge of the Screaming Dead
714:
361:Revenge of the Screaming Dead
234:International Cine Film Corp.
1822:1970s English-language films
1817:1973 directorial debut films
1767:Films set in a movie theatre
972:AFI Catalog of Feature Films
578:Let's Scare Jessica to Death
7:
1406:Bouzereau, Laurent (1997).
1004:. Brooklyn, New York City.
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507:
247:December 11, 1974
10:
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1747:American independent films
1398:
1290:(DVD). TGG Direct. 2003 .
768:
18:
1782:Films shot in Los Angeles
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911:
836:The film was released on
792:Return of the Living Dead
780:Return of the Living Dead
699:A Nightmare on Elm Street
584:The Return of Count Yorga
401:Arletty meets a visiting
357:Return of the Living Dead
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25:List of messiah claimants
1777:Films shot in California
1482:"Messiah of Evil (1973)"
1334:"Messiah of Evil (1973)"
1268:). Code Red DVD. 2013 .
1125:"Messiah of Evil (1973)"
676:Night of the Living Dead
569:Night of the Living Dead
545:Night of the Living Dead
19:Not to be confused with
1772:Films set in California
1752:Films about cannibalism
1540:McFarland & Company
1463:McFarland & Company
1242:. Code Red DVD. 2009 .
977:American Film Institute
800:franchise and this was
774:Theatrical distribution
679:(1968) and ending with
449:
387:
1757:American vampire films
1742:1973 independent films
1453:Dendle, Peter (2001).
1340:. Starburst Magazine.
47:is missing information
1762:American zombie films
1515:Bloomsbury Publishing
1410:. New York: Del Rey.
1338:StarburstMagazine.com
847:The Devil's Nightmare
810:Richard P. Rubinstein
755:Principal photography
309:) is a 1973 American
1827:1970s American films
1507:Newman, Kim (2011).
1490:Chicago Review Press
1425:Cooper, Ian (2013),
1386:. Multiple authors.
1061:on January 10, 2011.
893:Kevin Thomas of the
670:and his two lovers.
655:are known for their
1480:Kay, Glenn (2008).
1131:. January 4, 2002.
788:Night of the Damned
641:of scenes from the
403:Portuguese-American
353:Night of the Damned
255: (Paris, Texas)
1666:Films directed by
1631:TCM Movie Database
1197:. March 20, 2010.
1180:, pp. 379–82.
1022:. Obscure Horror.
900:Starburst Magazine
873:. You can help by
734:. You can help by
646:Gone with the West
1737:1973 horror films
1714:
1713:
1576:978-1-438-43031-7
1549:978-0-786-46140-0
1524:978-1-408-81750-6
1499:978-1-569-76683-5
1472:978-0-786-45520-1
1455:"Messiah of Evil"
1315:Los Angeles Times
998:"Messiah of Evil"
967:"Messiah of Evil"
895:Los Angeles Times
891:
890:
854:Critical response
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705:Matt Serafini of
375:American Graffiti
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626:Dawn of the Dead
571:(1968) and that
494:as Gas Attendant
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1696:Best Defense
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1363:. DVD Talk.
1360:
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1227:Verevis 2010
1222:
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1059:the original
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921:
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875:adding to it
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594:(1972), and
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418:
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311:supernatural
305:
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264:Running time
197:Scott Conrad
187:Stephen Katz
58:
46:
29:
1437:I.B. Tauris
1361:DVDTalk.com
1355:Jane, Ian.
1178:Newman 2011
1151:Dendle 2001
1091:Cooper 2013
1079:Newman 2011
826:Dead People
818:Living Dead
797:Living Dead
665:long-haired
621:consumerism
514:Woody Allen
501:Walter Hill
474:Anitra Ford
349:Dead People
334:Anitra Ford
322:Gloria Katz
314:horror film
306:Dead People
164:Anitra Ford
139:Gloria Katz
130:Produced by
122:Gloria Katz
104:Gloria Katz
92:Directed by
1732:1973 films
1727:1974 films
1721:Categories
1296:B00005Q63Z
1274:B00UI292TU
1248:B002HJMDDY
1163:Riley 2011
948:References
882:March 2019
832:Home media
802:misleading
763:California
715:Production
590:Deathdream
524:Kim Newman
516:film, and
488:as Charlie
480:Royal Dano
464:as Arletty
406:aristocrat
338:Royal Dano
268:90 minutes
251:1974-12-11
212:Production
169:Royal Dano
113:Written by
61:April 2018
21:Antichrist
918:IndieWire
532:hedonists
440:mealworms
427:riot gear
193:Edited by
53:talk page
1388:Archived
1365:Archived
1342:Archived
1319:Archived
1215:Kay 2008
1199:Archived
1133:Archived
1112:Kay 2008
1024:Archived
1006:Archived
981:Archived
936:See also
905:DVD Talk
614:bonfires
600:(1975).
587:(1971),
581:(1971),
565:vampires
508:Analysis
476:as Laura
468:Joy Bang
281:Language
203:Music by
147:Starring
1629:at the
1399:Sources
1266:Blu-ray
842:Blu-ray
822:Messiah
769:Release
687:Messiah
661:Messiah
643:Western
639:collage
635:nymphet
606:legends
573:Messiah
528:surreal
470:as Toni
458:as Thom
442:and an
436:beetles
410:groupie
395:pop art
284:English
273:Country
249: (
214:company
1707:(1986)
1699:(1984)
1691:(1979)
1683:(1973)
1573:
1546:
1521:
1496:
1469:
1443:
1414:
1294:
1272:
1246:
1055:People
912:Legacy
786:, and
597:Lemora
563:-like
561:zombie
550:cliché
536:ghouls
359:, and
340:, and
289:Budget
668:dandy
444:anole
1609:IMDb
1571:ISBN
1544:ISBN
1519:ISBN
1494:ISBN
1467:ISBN
1441:ISBN
1412:ISBN
1292:ASIN
1270:ASIN
1244:ASIN
808:and
696:and
450:Cast
388:Plot
378:and
320:and
1618:at
1607:at
920:'s
877:.
838:DVD
757:of
738:.
23:or
1723::
1569:.
1565:.
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1492:.
1488:.
1484:.
1465:.
1461:.
1457:.
1439:,
1435:,
1382:.
1359:.
1336:.
1317:.
1313:.
1207:^
1193:.
1170:^
1141:^
1127:.
1098:^
1067:^
1053:.
1000:.
989:^
979:.
969:.
956:^
850:.
828:.
782:,
556:.
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384:.
363:.
355:,
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332:,
328:,
1659:e
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1264:(
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884:)
880:(
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253:)
63:)
59:(
55:.
27:.
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