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1281:
320:
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1994 (Протокол о внесении изменений и дополнений в Соглашение о создании зоны свободной торговли от 15 апреля 1994 года). Turkmenistan did not participate. The
Protocol entered into force on 24 November 1999 for those countries that had completed ratification. As of 2023, the Protocol has entered into force for all countries, namely Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Ukraine, except Russia, which remains a signatory but has not notified entry into force or provisional application. According to the executive committee of the Commonwealth of Independent States, no one has ceased participation in the Protocol or suspended the application, while one reservation was made by Azerbaijan on non-application in relation to Armenia and two specific opinions were expressed by Georgia and Ukraine.
4075:
4282:(CAC). The organisation continued in 1994 as the Central Asian Economic Union (CAEU), in which Tajikistan and Turkmenistan did not participate. In 1998 it became the Central Asian Economic Cooperation (CAEC), which marked the return of Tajikistan. On 28 February 2002, it was renamed to its current name. Russia joined on 28 May 2004. On 7 October 2005, it was decided between the member states that Uzbekistan will join the Eurasian Economic Community and that the organisations will merge. The organisations joined on 25 January 2006. It is not clear what will happen to the status of current CACO observers that are not observers to EurAsEC (
4037:
1471:
4053:
4025:
8956:
3071:
restrictions on the import and export of goods in mutual trade of the FTA participating states, established a procedure for dispute resolution, etc. The 1999 version refers to the principles of the World Trade
Organisation, envisages cooperation in economic policy, payments, customs cooperation, taxes, science, provides for a ratchet effect prohibiting the imposition of new tariffs and restrictions, provides for treatment no worse than that of any third country, and provides for the transit of goods on the basis of the principle of freedom of transit without discrimination.
4361:
3105:
4347:
3058:
Under the 1994 version, the free trade regime enters into force when conditions are met, but, for example, the freedom of transit enters into force immediately between participants. According to the text, transit transportation should not be subject to unreasonable delays or restrictions, and the conditions of transit, including tariffs for transportation by any mode of transport and the provision of services, should not be worse than for domestic shippers, recipients, and owners of goods, as well as no worse than the conditions for any third country.
2537:
9277:
3097:
2290:
1421:
11887:
289:
8302:
303:
9311:
9238:
2141:
547:
8314:
8290:
8254:
8242:
8206:
4375:
11899:
8146:
9353:
9121:
9060:
9047:
9008:
8995:
2029:
1996:
1893:
1859:
1792:
523:
510:
470:
457:
431:
9251:
8266:
8230:
8218:
1520:
1479:
9147:
9084:
9186:
9021:
9199:
9134:
9108:
8943:
2245:
1927:
1825:
1759:
483:
444:
418:
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2391:
45:
9379:
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9173:
9405:
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9160:
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1578:
1561:
1544:
1503:
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9392:
9366:
8982:
9034:
1963:
497:
3041:
8969:
691:
2466:
2490:, article 33 of the Charter of the CIS created a Human Rights Commission with its seat in Minsk, Belarus. This was confirmed by the decision of the Council of Heads of States of the CIS in 1993. In 1995, the CIS adopted a human rights treaty that includes civil and political as well as social and economic human rights. This treaty entered into force in 1998. The CIS treaty is modelled on the
3113:
Petersburg. Initially, the treaty was only ratified by Russia, Belarus, and
Ukraine, However, by the end of 2012, Kazakhstan, Armenia, and Moldova had also completed ratification. In December 2013, Uzbekistan, signed and then ratified the treaty, while the remaining two signatories, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan later both ratified the treaty in January 2014 and December 2015 respectively.
1726:) was adopted. The charter formalized the concept of membership: a member country is defined as a country that ratifies the CIS Charter (sec. 2, art. 7). Additional members can join with the consent of all current members. Parties that ratified the Creation Agreement before the adoption of the Charter are considered to be "Founding states", but not members.
1623:
amendments to existing legislation. More than 130 documents have been adopted that ensure the convergence of laws in the CIS at the level of national legislation. The
Assembly is actively involved in the development of integration processes in the CIS and also sends observers to the national elections. The Assembly held its 32nd Plenary meeting in
2494:, but lacking the strong implementation mechanisms of the latter. In the CIS treaty, the Human Rights Commission has very vaguely defined authority. The Statute of the Human Rights Commission, however, also adopted by the CIS Member States as a decision, gives the commission the right to receive inter-state as well as individual communications.
3054:
Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and
Ukraine, while Russia and Turkmenistan have notified the application of the Agreement on a provisional basis. According to the executive committee of the Commonwealth of Independent States, no one has ceased participation in the Agreement, made reservations or suspended the application.
2096:, stated the country will withdraw from the agreement establishing the CIS Interparliamentary Assembly; he argued that being in the CIS "did not protect the Republic of Moldova from energy blackmail in the middle of winter, from threats and official statements hostile to the independence and sovereignty of the Republic of Moldova".
1429:(Alma-Ata) Protocol would be considered to be founding states of the CIS, with only those countries ratifying the Charter being considered to be member states of the CIS (art. 7). Other states can participate as associate members or observers if accepted as such by a decision of the Council of Heads of State to the CIS (art. 8).
1607:
5845:, "Ukraine does not recognize the legal personality of this organization, we are not members of the CIS Economic Court, we did not ratify the CIS Statute, thus, we cannot be considered a member of this organisation from an international legal point of view. Ukraine is a country-participant, but not a member country."
2330:
intends to review its participation in all CIS agreements and only continue in those that are in its interests. On 3 May 2023 Ukraine formally withdrew from the 1992 agreement that set up the CIS Interparliamentary
Assembly. In 2023 and 2024 Ukraine also withdrew from a number of agreements including the 2001
1694:
319:
3408:
The CIS has also been a relevant forum to support cultural relations between former Soviet republics. In 2006, the
Council of the Heads of Governments of the CIS launched the Intergovernmental Foundation for Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Cooperation (IFESCCO). IFESSCO has substantially relied
2329:
As of 1 June 2018, the CIS secretariat had not received formal notice from
Ukraine of its withdrawal from the CIS, a process that would take one year to complete, following notice being given. The CIS secretariat stated that it will continue inviting Ukraine to participate. Ukraine has stated that it
2310:
in
February 2014, relations between Ukraine and Russia deteriorated, leading Ukraine to consider ending its participation in the CIS. As Ukraine never ratified the Charter, it could cease its informal participation in the CIS. However, to fully terminate its relationship with the CIS, it would need
2482:
Since its inception, one of the primary goals of the CIS has been to provide a forum for discussing issues related to the social and economic development of the newly independent states. To achieve this goal member states have agreed to promote and protect human rights. Initially, efforts to achieve
2173:
Two states, Ukraine and
Turkmenistan ratified the CIS Creation Agreement before the adoption of the CIS Charter in January 1993, making them "founding states of the CIS", but did not ratify the Charter itself that would make them full members. These states, while not being formal members of the CIS,
1284:
The Protocol to the Agreement on the Creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States dated 21 December 1991. The information from the depository of the international agreement published on the Unified Register of Legal Acts and Other Documents of the Commonwealth of Independent States (under the
1034:
in 1991, and is its legal successor. It covers an area of 20,368,759 km (7,864,422 sq mi) and has an estimated population of 239,796,010. The CIS encourages cooperation in economic, political, and military affairs and has certain powers relating to the coordination of trade, finance,
3066:
On 2 April 1999, in Moscow, the presidents of 11 countries, namely Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Ukraine signed a Protocol on Amendments and Additions to the Agreement on the Establishment of a Free Trade Area of 15 April
3057:
Bilateral FTAs concluded on the basis of CIS 1994 as a framework agreement. According to the analytical material of the executive committee of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the 1994 version has not yet provided for multilateral free trade, but the conclusion of many bilateral agreements.
1622:
and acts as the consultative parliamentary wing of the CIS, created to discuss problems of parliamentary cooperation, review draft documents of common interest, and pass model laws to the national legislatures in the CIS (as well as recommendations) for their use in the preparation of new laws and
3120:
The free trade agreement eliminates export and import duties on several goods but also contains a number of exemptions that will ultimately be phased out. An agreement was also signed on the basic principles of currency regulation and currency controls in the CIS at the same October 2011 meeting.
3081:
says the 1994 Agreement on the Establishment of a Free Trade Area signed by 12 CIS countries still continues to be used by Azerbaijan and Georgia in trade with other CIS countries except with Russia and Turkmenistan. Reportedly it is also used bilaterally between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan pending
2580:
One of the CST's original objectives was to resolve conflicts between CIS members, however military conflicts such as Russia's open assistance and support to the two secessionist areas in Georgia, Russia seizing Crimea and support to secessionist areas in Ukraine, the conflict between Armenia and
2551:
In May 1992, six post-Soviet states belonging to the CIS signed the Collective Security Treaty (also referred to as the Tashkent Pact or Tashkent Treaty). Three other post-Soviet states signed in 1993 and the treaty took effect in 1994 and lasted 5 years. When the treaty was subsequently renewed,
2180:
Turkmenistan changed its CIS standing to associate member as of 26 August 2005. The cited reason was to be consistent with its 1995-proclaimed, UN-recognised, international neutrality status, but experts have cited the country no longer needing Russia to provide natural gas access, as well as the
2087:
On 30 November 2022, Popescu stated that Moldova will suspend its participation in CIS meetings, and on 23 February 2023 stated that Moldova has started withdrawing from multiple treaties that the country had signed with the CIS, as his country aims to join the European Union. On 15 May 2023, the
1428:
On 22 January 1993, the Charter (Statutes) of the CIS was signed, setting up the different institutions of the CIS, their functions, and the rules and statutes of the CIS. The Charter also defined that all countries that have ratified the Agreement on the Establishment of the CIS and its relevant
1344:
The CIS announced that the new organization would be open to all republics of the former Soviet Union and to other nations sharing the same goals. The CIS charter stated that all the members were sovereign and independent nations and thereby effectively abolished the Soviet Union. On 21 December
3112:
In 2009, a new agreement was begun to create an FTA, the CIS Free Trade Agreement (CISFTA). In October 2011, the new free trade agreement was signed by eight of the eleven CIS prime ministers; Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, and Ukraine at a meeting in St.
3053:
on the Establishment of a Free Trade Area (Соглашение о создании зоны свободной торговли). The Agreement entered into force on 30 December 1994 for those countries that had completed ratification. As of 2023, the Agreement is fully in force for Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan,
2509:
has resulted in a steady decline in the modest progress of previous years in Russia. In turn, this has led to little to no scrutiny by Russia when it comes to the situation of human rights in other CIS member states. The Commonwealth of Independent States continues to face serious challenges in
3048:
On 15 April 1994, at a meeting of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Council of Heads of State in Moscow, the presidents of 12 countries, namely Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Ukraine signed an
2099:
As part of the process to severing connections with the CIS, in July 2023 Moldova passed a law on denunciation of the agreement on Moldova's membership in the Inter-Parliamentary Assembly of the CIS countries. 70 agreements were denounced by October 2023, from the total of around 282 signed by
2456:
that Georgia would leave the CIS and the Georgian Parliament voted unanimously on 14 August 2008 to withdraw from the regional organization. On 18 August 2008 the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia sent a note to the CIS Executive Committee notifying it of the aforesaid resolutions of the
3070:
According to the analytical material of the executive committee of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the 1999 Protocol replaced the existing bilateral free trade regime with a multilateral regime, eliminated all fees, as well as taxes and levies with equivalent effect, and quantitative
1275:
The Agreement on the Creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States dated 8 December 1991. The information from the depository of the international agreement published on the Unified Register of Legal Acts and Other Documents of the Commonwealth of Independent States (under the executive
2990:
GOST standards were originally developed by the government of the Soviet Union as part of its national standardization strategy. After the disintegration of the USSR, the GOST standards acquired a new status of the regional standards. They are now administered by the Euro-Asian Council for
1670:
was becoming a more competent organization to unify the largest countries of the CIS. Following the withdrawal of Georgia, the presidents of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan skipped the October 2009 meeting of the CIS, each having their own issues and disagreements with the Russian
1654:
In February 2006, Georgia withdrew from the Council of Defense Ministers, with the statement that "Georgia has taken a course to join NATO and it cannot be part of two military structures simultaneously", but it remained a full member of the CIS until August 2009, one year after officially
1436:
and became member states of it. Nevertheless, Ukraine and Turkmenistan kept participating in the CIS, without being member states of it. Turkmenistan became an associate member of the CIS in August 2005. Georgia left the CIS altogether in 2009 and Ukraine stopped participating in 2018.
3221:
as "well-organized, free, and fair", as large-scale and often violent demonstrations broke out throughout the country protesting what the opposition called a rigged parliamentary election. In contrast, the OSCE reported that the elections fell short of international standards in many
3017:
The terms of the CIS FTA agreements allow member states to enter into the FTA agreements with other countries, as well as to join/create custom unions. Like other Commonwealth of Independent States agreements, this agreement does not regulate relations with third countries and allows
3074:
The 2011 CIS FTA Treaty envisages that the 1994 agreement and the 1999 protocol no longer apply among its eight participants (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Armenia, and Moldova), however, among the rest of the countries, they continue to be applied.
2302:
to the Soviet Union. Thus it has never been a full member of the CIS. However, Ukraine had kept participating in the CIS, with the consent of the Council of Heads of States, even though it was not a member. Ukraine has never applied for, or been granted, Associate member status.
8031:
3134:
2111:
A country can become an associate member under the CIS Charter (sec. 2, art. 8) if approved by the Council of Heads of States. Participation of associate members and of the observers in the work of the Commonwealth organs shall be governed by their rules of procedures.
2440:
in Georgia, Georgia officially withdrew from the Council of Defense Ministers in February 2006, stating that "Georgia has taken a course to join NATO and it cannot be part of two military structures simultaneously". However, it remained a full member of the CIS.
3202:
The CIS praised the Uzbekistan parliamentary elections, 2005 as "legitimate, free and transparent" while the OSCE had referred to the Uzbek elections as having fallen "significantly short of OSCE commitments and other international standards for democratic
3013:
was signed by the heads of a number of CIS states. Its aim was the forming of conditions of stable development of economies of Contracting Parties to benefit from increases in living standards of their population. This led to other specific agreements.
2555:
In December 1993, the CIS Armed Forces Headquarters was abolished. Instead, "the CIS Council of Defence Ministers created a CIS Military Cooperation Coordination Headquarters (MCCH) in Moscow, with 50 percent of the funding provided by Russia." General
4078:
2311:
to legally withdraw from the Creation Agreement, as Georgia did previously. On 14 March 2014, a bill was introduced to Ukraine's parliament to denounce their ratification of the CIS Creation Agreement, but it was never approved. Following the
2174:
were allowed to participate in CIS. They were also allowed to participate in various CIS initiatives, e.g. the Free Trade Area, which were, however, formulated mostly as independent multilateral agreements, and not as internal CIS agreements.
6031:
4216:
was a significant blow against the project: Yushchenko had shown renewed interest in Ukrainian membership in the European Union and such membership would be incompatible with the envisioned common economic space. Yushchenko's successor
3213:
CIS observers monitored the Tajikistan parliamentary elections, in 2005 and in the end declared them "legal, free and transparent." The same elections were pronounced by the OSCE to have failed international standards for democratic
4199:, and would not be subordinate to the governments of the four nations. The ultimate goal would be a regional organization that would be open for other countries to join as well, and could eventually lead even to a single currency.
4095:
1529:
1488:
8021:
3035:
2297:
Although Ukraine was one of the states which ratified the Creation Agreement in December 1991, making it a Founding State of the CIS, it chose not to ratify the CIS Charter as it disagrees with Russia being the only legal
5891:
4550:
Note: The territories of the Crimean peninsula, comprising Sevastopol City and the Republic of Crimea, remained internationally recognised as constituting part of Ukraine, following their annexation by Russia in March
6142:
4100:
7214:
9964:
8434:
2340:
Agreement between the State Parties of the Commonwealth of Independent States on social and legal guarantees of the military personnel, persons discharged from military service, and members of their families
2069:), legislative initiatives to denounce the agreement on the creation of CIS were tabled in Moldova's parliament on 25 March 2014, though they were not approved. A similar bill was proposed in January 2018.
7342:
3195:(OSCE) found no significant problems. This was the first time that the CIS observation teams challenged the validity of an election, saying that it should be considered illegitimate. On 15 March 2005, the
1610:
eventually ratified by nine parliaments, the only CIS member not signing was Georgia. Under the terms of the convention, the InterParliamentary Assembly (IPA) was invested with international legitimacy.
7111:
Alexander Yakovenko, the Spokesman of Russia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Answers a Russian Media Question Regarding International Observers' Conclusions on Election Results in Ukraine and Uzbekistan
5370:
5332:
5302:
4671:
5257:
4085:
6028:
6168:
5479:
17:
4732:
3139:
On 8 June 2023 in Sochi Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan signed an Agreement on Free Trade in Services, Establishment, Operations, and Investment.
1280:
8499:
2214:
Ukraine withdrew its representatives from the CIS in May 2018 and stopped actively participating in the CIS, but remained a party to a number of agreements, such as the free trade area.
6086:
4701:
2457:
Parliament of Georgia and Georgia's withdrawal from CIS. In accordance with the CIS Charter (sec. 1, art. 9), Georgia's withdrawal came into effect 12 months later, on 18 August 2009.
1381:
which can either be interpreted as expanding the CIS to these states or the proper foundation or foundation date of the CIS, thus bringing the number of participating countries to 11.
9969:
3409:
on Russia's financial support since its creation and supported several multilateral cultural events, including the ‘CIS Capital of Culture’ initiative. In 2017, the Armenian city of
10806:
2177:
Turkmenistan has not ratified the Charter and therefore is not formally a member of the CIS. Nevertheless, it has consistently participated in the CIS as if it were a member state.
5281:
4094:
2483:
this goal consisted merely of statements of goodwill, but on 26 May 1995, the CIS adopted a Commonwealth of Independent States Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.
5046:
4765:
2567:. Over the years, the military personnel of the joint CIS Air Defense System grew twofold along the western, European border of the CIS, and by 1.5 times on its southern borders.
6082:
8011:
5708:
6577:
5887:
2505:
in Uzbekistan to show that there has been almost no improvement in human rights since the collapse of the Soviet Union in Central Asia. The consolidation of power by President
8086:
5865:
1271:
7985:
6134:
2523:
2319:
confirmed Ukraine will continue taking part in the CIS "on a selective basis". Since that month, Ukraine has had no representatives in the CIS Executive Committee building.
11210:
11193:
8026:
7683:
4221:
stated on 27 April 2010 "Ukraine's entry into the Customs Union of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan is not possible today, since the economic principles and the laws of the
6782:"FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN AZERBAIJAN, ARMENIA, BELARUS, GEORGIA, MOLDOVA, KAZAKHSTAN, THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, UKRAINE, UZBEKISTAN, TAJIKISTAN AND THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC"
6669:"Free Trade Agreement Between Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Kazakhstan, The Russian Federation, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan And The Kyrgyz Republic"
5595:"FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN AZERBAIJAN, ARMENIA, BELARUS, GEORGIA, MOLDOVA, KAZAKHSTAN, THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, UKRAINE, UZBEKISTAN, TAJIKISTAN AND THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC"
11240:
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7510:
6190:
4036:
7211:
1168:
6060:
4124:
7164:
6966:
6008:
8554:
8016:
7791:
7346:
4333:
2065:
In light of Russia's support for the independence of occupied regions within Moldova, Georgia, and Ukraine as well as its violation of the Istanbul Agreement (see
7532:
11183:
8549:
2326:
indicated that Ukraine would formally leave the CIS. On 19 May 2018, Poroshenko signed a decree formally ending Ukraine's participation in CIS statutory bodies.
5734:
5572:
5198:
3199:
quoted Dmytro Svystkov (a spokesman of the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry) that Ukraine had suspended its participation in the CIS election monitoring organization.
2563:
An important manifestation of integration processes in the area of military and defence collaboration of the CIS member states is the creation, in 1995, of the
11703:
11203:
9426:
8932:
7944:
3319:
2204:
Ukraine did not apply to become an Associate member, nor was it granted by the Council of Heads of States, accordingly Ukraine remained just a Founding state.
6858:
5362:
5340:
5310:
10575:
10356:
9520:
6839:
6385:
4663:
1297:, which kept the chances of the Soviet Union staying together low, the Commonwealth of Independent States was founded in its place on 8 December 1991 by the
7113:
6896:
6877:
5430:
4938:
1385:
joined two years later, in December 1993. At this point, 12 of the 15 former Soviet Republics participated in the CIS, the three non-participants being the
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62:
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1483:
1098:
649:
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After the end of the dissolution process of the Soviet Union, Russia and the Central Asian republics were weakened economically and faced declines in
11437:
7608:
7237:
4641:
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1412:. The process of Eurasian integration began immediately after the break-up of the Soviet Union to salvage economic ties with Post-Soviet republics.
11963:
9979:
9913:
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8351:
7676:
6332:, press conference of the Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov after the meeting of the CIS Council of Foreign Ministers, Bishkek, 9 October 2008
5400:
308:
3166:
Convention on the Standards of Democratic Elections, Electoral Rights, and Freedoms in the Member States of the Commonwealth of Independent States
1082:
formally ended its participation in CIS statutory bodies in 2018, although it had stopped participating in the organization in 2014 following the
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4229:
3337:
In 2017, a festival for national sports and games, known as the Festival of National Sports and Games of the Commonwealth of Independent States (
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Interfax, 22 December 1993, via Zbigniew Brzezinski, Paige Sullivan, 'Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States' CSIS, 1997, p.464 via
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81:
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CIS election monitoring has been characterized by scholars as low-quality, as the CIS tends to validate elections that are obviously flawed.
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Azerbaijan, and Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan border issues have demonstrated how ineffective the CST and later the CSTO, is in this role.
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1054:
on 8 December 1991, declaring that the Union had effectively ceased to exist and proclaimed the CIS in its place. On 21 December, the
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Content is copied from this source, which is (c) European Union, 1995–2018. Reuse is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged.
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Standardization, Metrology, and Certification (EASC), a standards organization chartered by the Commonwealth of Independent States.
2348:
Agreement on the Creation of the Interstate System of Documentary Encrypted Communications of the Commonwealth of Independent States
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formally dissolved the Soviet Union. This was followed by Ivan Korotchenya becoming Executive Secretary of the CIS on the same day.
95:
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1666:, the secretary of the Russian Security Council, expressed his doubts concerning the usefulness of the CIS, emphasizing that the
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5333:"Proiectul legii cu privire la denunțarea Acordului de constituire a Comunității Statelor Independente nr.40-XII din 08.04.1994"
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Kazakhstan's President Nursultan Nazarbayev proposed that CIS members take up a digitization agenda to modernize CIS economies.
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The Creation Agreement remained the main constituent document of the CIS until January 1993, when the CIS Charter (Russian:
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6824:"Аналитический материал о Договоре о зоне свободной торговли (по состоянию на 31 октября 2011 г.) - Исполнительный комитет СНГ"
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body that was formed in October 2002, following a Commonwealth of Independent States heads of states meeting which adopted the
2332:
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) agreement on cooperation in the provision of safety of hazardous industrial facilities
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by the Soviet Union. The CIS and Soviet Union also legally co-existed briefly with each other until 26 December 1991, when the
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5336:
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5139:
4531:
3254:
receive official status in all of the CIS member states. So far Russian is an official language in only four states: Russia,
3207:
2316:
2312:
11522:
5838:
4096:
4052:
1290:
1256:
11953:
11632:
11400:
10489:
8344:
7576:
5018:
4213:
3279:
3184:
6052:
5187:
5140:"Charter of the Commonwealth of Independent States (with declaration and decisions). Adopted at Minsk on 22 Jan uary 1993"
4859:
11512:
11178:
11125:
11113:
9908:
9882:
8459:
7160:
6963:
6005:
5068:
4208:(the Ukrainian Parliament) voted 266 votes in favour and 51 against the joint economic space. However, most believe that
3218:
2491:
2080:
had said the country would not leave for the time being. An August 2021 poll conducted in Moldova (prior to the start of
1252:
1221:
10378:
4818:
3298:
had been invited to or qualified for various 1992 sports events. A joint CIS team took its place in some of these. The "
3210:, an action Russia criticised. Many dozens of such observers from Belarus and Russia were stopped from reaching Moldova.
11560:
11555:
11275:
11223:
10610:
10366:
9989:
9762:
8694:
7536:
6745:
6314:
4875:
4103:
2548:, which is vested with the task of coordinating military cooperation of the CIS member states who wish to participate.
1209:
7281:
6947:
3179:
The election monitoring body has approved many elections which have been heavily criticised by independent observers.
11812:
11763:
11696:
11507:
11235:
10837:
10741:
10615:
10135:
10056:
9984:
9974:
9954:
9484:
8888:
8836:
8831:
8664:
8529:
8414:
6462:
5813:
5775:
5742:
5702:
5564:
5480:"R. Moldova a inițiat procedura de retragere din Adunarea Interparlamentară a CSI, anunță președintele Parlamentului"
4844:
2501:, continue to have among the world's poorest human rights records. Many activists point to examples such as the 2005
302:
288:
128:
7063:
4102:
4084:
2293:
Representatives of Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and other states at the 20–22 June 2000 CIS Summit in Moscow
2207:
Ukraine did participate in the CIS and became an associate member of the CIS Economic Union in 1994, and signed the
11842:
11830:
11654:
11644:
11600:
11415:
11091:
11040:
10923:
10600:
10481:
10417:
8504:
6855:
6382:
5221:
5101:
4923:
4891:
2081:
2076:
said the Moldovan government was considering the prospect of leaving the CIS, although at the end of May President
6836:
6531:
6361:
5913:
2269:
Founding state. Signatory of both the Belovezha Accords and the Alma-Ata Protocol. Has never been a full member.
11847:
11835:
11691:
11676:
11590:
11492:
11074:
10894:
10688:
10571:
10422:
10361:
9933:
9928:
9898:
9500:
8704:
8624:
8424:
8337:
8131:
8116:
7939:
7222:
7110:
6918:
6893:
6874:
5422:
5396:
4428:
4091:
3331:
1390:
1027:
6492:
4179:, agreement in principle about the creation of this space was announced after a meeting in the Moscow suburb of
3237:
uncovered a number of problems in relation to a new electorate law approved just prior to the elections and the
3135:
Commonwealth of Independent States Agreement on Free Trade in Services, Establishment, Operations and Investment
102:
11788:
11768:
11465:
11079:
10904:
10832:
10432:
8778:
8489:
4965:
4110:
showing the relationships among various supranational organisations in the territory of the former Soviet Union
3230:
2552:
three countries withdrew, leaving Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Tajikistan as members.
1507:
395:
66:
6985:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4083:
11859:
11686:
11550:
11502:
11263:
11057:
10931:
10914:
10693:
10442:
10066:
9694:
8841:
8699:
8047:
7137:
6913:
6281:
6029:
Yatsenyuk says Ukraine will drop Commonwealth of Independent States criminal search database system on Aug 24
5669:
5533:
3334:
for 1991–1992 was rebranded as a CIS championship, this lasted just one year before it became Russian bandy.
936:
6108:
4225:
do not allow it, we develop our policy following WTO principles". Ukraine has been a WTO member since 2008.
4080:
11455:
11130:
11025:
10826:
10734:
10678:
10542:
10532:
10371:
10015:
9813:
9757:
9689:
9512:
9477:
8569:
8564:
8539:
8419:
8081:
7990:
7934:
7234:
6514:
6250:
5363:"Proiectul hotărîrii cu privire la denunțarea Acordului de constituire a Comunității Statelor Independente"
5303:"Proiectul hotărîrii cu privire la denunțarea Acordului de constituire a Comunității Statelor Independente"
4597:
4453:
3299:
2564:
2560:
was appointed as Chief of Staff. The headquarters has now moved to 101000, Москва, Сверчков переулок, 3/2.
2531:
1446:
1244:
926:
335:
7601:
7311:
4633:
11928:
11736:
11718:
11484:
11342:
11303:
11270:
10960:
10948:
10864:
10766:
10663:
10437:
10103:
9856:
9752:
9699:
8071:
6218:
5594:
4139:
4097:
3226:
2590:
1667:
1608:
Convention on the Interparliamentary Assembly of Member Nations of the Commonwealth of Independent States
1599:
1582:
1317:
in Belarus, and signed the "Agreement Establishing the Commonwealth of Independent States", known as the
1158:
1087:
590:
576:
7282:"Виды спорта – I Фестиваль национальных видов спорта и игр государств – участников СНГ – Ульяновск 2017"
6837:
CIS Free Trade Agreement comes into force; Baker & McKenzi, Kyiv, Ukraine, Thursday, 18 October 2012
6341:
5392:
4101:
3241:
criticised the conduct of the elections, saying they "did not meet standards for openness and fairness".
2281:
Has not formally withdrawn from the Creation Agreement, thus it continues to be recognised as a founder.
2181:
country's declining faith in the confederation's ability to maintain internal stability in light of the
2103:
In December 2023, Moldova announced its intention to withdraw from the CIS entirely by the end of 2024.
11731:
11708:
11681:
10296:
10145:
9742:
8589:
8076:
7949:
4934:
4279:
3327:
3311:
3078:
3019:
911:
6603:
5944:"Проект Постанови про припинення членства та участі України в органах Співдружності Незалежних Держав"
11773:
11746:
11649:
9949:
9730:
9613:
8579:
8444:
8399:
8175:
7089:
5506:"PARLIAMENT ADOPTS IN FINAL READING LAW ON MOLDOVA'S WITHDRAWAL FROM CIS INTERPARLIAMENTARY ASSEMBLY"
4729:"Ministrul de Externe: Republica Moldova și-a SUSPENDAT participarea la reuniunile periodice ale CSI"
4099:
4092:
4090:
4082:
11741:
8160:
3343:Фестиваль национальных видов спорта и игр государств — участников Содружества Независимых Государств
2994:
11854:
10155:
9877:
9792:
9436:
8654:
8559:
4619:
4081:
3425:
6463:"Информация о Совете министров обороны государств – участников Содружества Независимых Государств"
6404:"Russia and the West: The 21st Century Security Environment (Eurasia in the 21st Century, Vol. I)"
4093:
3168:. The CIS-EMO has been sending election observers to member countries of the CIS since this time.
11933:
11103:
10658:
10584:
10388:
10176:
10061:
9772:
8824:
8796:
8534:
8479:
8096:
7245:
7212:
Interview: Top U.S. Diplomat Discusses Regional Developments, Abuses, Stalemates, And Cooperation
6083:"Poroshenko signs decree on final termination of Ukraine's participation in CIS statutory bodies"
5692:
4990:
4481:
4438:
4158:
4098:
4043:
1955:
Active participation in CIS ceased in November 2022. Plans to fully withdraw by the end of 2024.
1716:
1635:
Between 2003 and 2005, three CIS member states experienced a change of government in a series of
1394:
1331:
1114:
1106:
785:
719:
55:
31:
10537:
6781:
1293:, many republics of the USSR declared their independence fearing another coup. A week after the
1121:. While the first and the second are military and economic alliances, the third aims to reach a
11783:
11375:
11313:
10625:
8519:
8409:
6135:"Kyrgyz envoy: CIS to consider Ukraine's withdrawal as soon as Kyiv files official application"
3323:
2985:
751:
713:
10527:
4839:
Plokhy, Serhii, The Last Empire: The final days of the Soviet Union, Oneworld, London (2014),
4515:
11902:
10874:
10708:
10620:
10579:
10393:
10289:
10246:
10150:
9832:
8689:
8644:
8360:
8306:
8246:
7343:"Russia's Cultural Diplomacy in the South Caucasus: Instruments, Assets and Challenges Ahead"
6552:
5973:
5943:
5803:
4590:"Commonwealth of Independent States – Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus"
2089:
1310:
1019:
5159:
3082:
Tajikistan's ratification of Uzbekistan's accession to the 2011 CIS Free Trade Area Treaty.
3029:
11664:
11527:
11347:
11145:
10859:
10556:
10231:
9623:
9441:
9282:
8735:
8719:
8234:
8168:
7661:
6546:"Petro Jacyk Program – Centre for Russian and East European Studies, University of Toronto"
3307:
3303:
3238:
3000:
178:
11751:
8857:
3061:
8:
11891:
11620:
11425:
11354:
11162:
11011:
10889:
10811:
10784:
10673:
10652:
10646:
10226:
9903:
9787:
9782:
8806:
8714:
8454:
7640:
7415:
7393:
6675:
4797:
4786:
4511:
4184:
3350:
3161:
2437:
2307:
1675:
1640:
1225:
1193:
1122:
895:
186:
9965:
Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)
6358:"Commonwealth of Independent States Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms"
6282:
Statement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia on Georgia's withdrawal from CIS
2336:
CIS agreement on cooperation in evacuating nationals from third countries in emergencies
11758:
11669:
10986:
10899:
10789:
10779:
10683:
10566:
8771:
8756:
8318:
6423:
4694:"There is no "debt" of Ukraine to the CIS — the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine"
4448:
4069:
3378:
3283:
3023:
2536:
2445:
2427:
1683:
1656:
1405:
1197:
1075:
869:
7371:
7002:
6233:
3036:
Commonwealth of Independent States Agreement on the Establishment of a Free Trade Area
11866:
11806:
11585:
11371:
11067:
10869:
10854:
10796:
10668:
10010:
9777:
9737:
9530:
8649:
8509:
7913:
7737:
7727:
7709:
7703:
7188:
7035:
7003:"Единый реестр правовых актов и других документов Содружества Независимых Государств"
6799:"Единый реестр правовых актов и других документов Содружества Независимых Государств"
6798:
6768:"Единый реестр правовых актов и других документов Содружества Независимых Государств"
6701:"Единый реестр правовых актов и других документов Содружества Независимых Государств"
6700:
5974:"Проект Закону про зупинення дії Угоди про створення Співдружності Незалежних Держав"
5809:
5771:
5730:
5698:
5069:"Eastern Partnership – EEAS – European External Action Service – European Commission"
4856:
4840:
4527:
4283:
4218:
4209:
3234:
3188:
3130:
2396:
2182:
1644:
1636:
1565:
1382:
1378:
1236:
1142:
1094:
voiced its intention to progressively withdraw from the CIS institutional framework.
1071:
1055:
1051:
841:
829:
623:
609:
228:
164:
10030:
8709:
7456:
7257:
5641:
1674:
In May 2009, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine joined the
10346:
9767:
9720:
9646:
9469:
9456:
9451:
9446:
8639:
8121:
7480:
7025:
6415:
6204:
6191:"Ukraine's parliament withdraws from agreement on CIS Inter-Parliamentary Assembly"
6138:
4472:
3429:
3338:
3251:
3153:
3104:
2502:
2323:
2315:, a new bill to denounce the CIS agreement was introduced. In September 2015, the
1988:
Founding state. Signatory of both the Belovezha Accords and the Alma-Ata Protocol.
1850:
Founding state. Signatory of both the Belovezha Accords and the Alma-Ata Protocol.
1624:
1322:
1318:
1298:
1248:
1189:
1181:
1173:
1150:
1039:
876:
835:
385:
236:
6165:"Executive Committee Chairman: CIS states interested in keeping Ukraine as member"
4664:"Ukraine Announces Plans To Quit CIS, Terminate Parts Of Russia Friendship Treaty"
4063:
3191:
and brought into power the former opposition, was questioned by the CIS while the
2167:
Founding state. Signatory of the Alma-Ata Protocol. Has never been a full member.
11778:
10991:
10943:
10849:
10561:
10522:
10383:
9747:
9673:
9661:
8922:
8917:
8912:
8907:
8902:
8584:
8222:
7463:
7264:
7241:
7218:
7199:
7195:
7117:
6989:
6970:
6951:
6900:
6881:
6862:
6843:
6655:"For Ukraine, Moldova, and Georgia Free Trade with Europe and Russia is Possible"
6389:
6318:
6288:
6257:
6035:
6012:
5842:
5835:
5648:
5285:
5193:
5022:
4895:
4443:
4380:
4346:
4305:
3004:
2995:
Supranational integration initiatives, trade, and economic cooperation within CIS
2557:
2299:
847:
214:
200:
7569:
6269:
5015:
3322:
played some friendlies in January 1992 and made its last appearance at the 1992
2344:
Agreement on the Establishment of the Council of Commanders of the Border Troops
11798:
11726:
11006:
10996:
10703:
10698:
10262:
10201:
10186:
10082:
10025:
10020:
9666:
9608:
9603:
9555:
9550:
9545:
9525:
9321:
8599:
8544:
8449:
8389:
8294:
8282:
8106:
7030:
7017:
5977:
5947:
4236:
had been envisioned for 2012, but instead the customs union was renamed as the
4204:
3397:
3393:
3366:
3315:
3096:
2506:
2289:
2194:
2084:) found that 48.1% of respondents supported Moldova's withdrawal from the CIS.
1679:
1615:
1420:
1314:
1185:
1146:
264:
250:
8435:
Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation
7440:
6654:
5914:"Draft documents on Ukraine's withdrawal from CIS submitted to Verkhovna Rada"
5160:"Сведения о ратификации документов, принятых в рамках СНГ в 1991 – 2014 годах"
11917:
11659:
10713:
10547:
9851:
9656:
9650:
8764:
8514:
8374:
8258:
7058:
7039:
6767:
5625:
5505:
4863:
4810:
4413:
4394:
4366:
4313:
4233:
4164:
4107:
3358:
3124:
3117:
is the only full CIS member state not to participate in the free trade area.
3085:
2197:
never ratified the agreement on membership of the CIS in accordance with the
1702:
1619:
1409:
1386:
1306:
1047:
863:
823:
7086:"Foreign observers differ in their evaluation of the election in Uzbekistan"
6753:
6308:
6109:"CIS Executive Secretary hopes Ukraine will remain member nation of the CIS"
2595:
Corruption and bureaucracy are serious problems for trade in CIS countries.
2540:
The members of the Council of Ministers of Defense meeting in Moscow in 2017
11542:
11363:
10757:
10427:
10324:
10312:
9598:
9316:
9243:
8404:
8301:
8210:
8111:
7876:
7786:
7289:
6944:
6441:
6219:"Ukraine pulls out of CIS deal on cooperation between border troops chiefs"
5252:
4564:"Russia's Federation Council ratifies annexation of four Ukrainian regions"
4433:
4327:
4317:
4271:
4180:
3370:
3267:
2498:
2146:
2073:
1648:
1366:
1240:
1205:
1154:
1043:
1031:
1000:
857:
552:
8440:
Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America – Peoples' Trade Treaty
8053:
GOST (Euro-Asian Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification)
6728:
6466:
5888:"Результати пошуку законопроектiв, зареєстрованих Верховною Радою України"
4167:
between the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries of Russia,
1285:
executive committee of the Commonwealth of Independent States) as of 2024.
11405:
11367:
11359:
10981:
10965:
10879:
10821:
10476:
10221:
10216:
9970:
Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA)
9872:
9638:
9618:
9593:
9572:
9567:
9561:
9431:
8609:
8384:
8329:
8101:
7959:
7867:
7807:
7715:
7053:
6578:"Nazarbayev proposes CIS modernisation, meets EUAU counterparts in Sochi"
5836:
September 2008 Statement by Foreign Minister of Ukraine Volodymyr Ohryzko
4758:"Moldova looking into quitting CIS amid Russia-Ukraine war – foreign min"
4408:
4352:
4249:
3464:
3030:
1994 Framework for Bilateral Free Trade Agreements and Freedom of Transit
2449:
2198:
1663:
1433:
1432:
All the founding states apart from Ukraine and Turkmenistan ratified the
1232:
1118:
636:
7907:
Former "participant" that renounced 1991 agreements and 1993 Charter (1)
6427:
6403:
5225:
4888:
4374:
11395:
10191:
9628:
9577:
9540:
9535:
9358:
9126:
9065:
9052:
9013:
9000:
8313:
8289:
8270:
8253:
8241:
8205:
7856:
7851:
7836:
7831:
7821:
7796:
7781:
7766:
7761:
7751:
7018:"Zombies ahead: Explaining the rise of low-quality election monitoring"
5921:
4275:
4267:
4263:
4259:
4196:
4176:
3374:
3354:
3263:
3259:
3114:
3062:
1999 Protocol introducing a multilateral free trade among ten countries
2093:
2077:
2034:
2001:
1898:
1864:
1797:
1603:
1548:
1374:
1370:
1358:
1354:
1350:
528:
515:
475:
462:
436:
10726:
6633:
5547:
5016:
Russia questions further existence of the CIS post-soviet organisation
11615:
11610:
11432:
11325:
11155:
10816:
10466:
10329:
9256:
8500:
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership
8190:
7467:
7268:
6419:
6039:
5860:
5426:
5289:
5248:"Russia Erecting Monument to 'Little Green Men' Who Took Over Crimea"
4523:
3346:
1067:
4961:
3282:, President Yanukovych stated "Ukraine will continue to promote the
44:
11605:
11150:
10884:
10844:
9918:
9191:
9152:
9089:
9026:
8594:
6982:
5628:, CIS Executive Committee meeting in Kazan, Russia, 26 August 2005
4309:
3506:
3472:
3447:
3271:
3266:. Russian is also considered an official language in the region of
2465:
7886:
1991 agreements parties that do not participate in the summits (2)
7129:
6823:
5661:
5565:"Ukraine's withdrawal from CIS to take one year – Vestnik Kavkaza"
5393:"Moldova Says It Would Leave CIS Only After Becoming EU Candidate"
3413:
was declared the CIS Cultural Capital of the year, in 2022 it was
2577:
In 2007, CSTO members agreed to create a CSTO peacekeeping force.
1035:
lawmaking, and security, including cross-border crime prevention.
11497:
11001:
10512:
10471:
9345:
9204:
9139:
9113:
8948:
8265:
8229:
8217:
7897:
7892:
7841:
7826:
7816:
7771:
7756:
7746:
7575:. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
6488:
6112:
4418:
4172:
4168:
3414:
3386:
3362:
3275:
3255:
2470:
2453:
2250:
1932:
1830:
1764:
1519:
1478:
1470:
1362:
1346:
1130:
1091:
1079:
1059:
1023:
918:
488:
449:
423:
4293:
3389:. A few demonstration sports were also a part of the programme.
3294:
At the time of the Soviet Union's dissolution in December 1991,
3040:
1686:
of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine.
1276:
committee of the Commonwealth of Independent States) as of 2024.
10281:
9384:
9269:
9178:
9039:
8277:
7846:
7776:
7319:
7016:
Bush, Sarah Sunn; Cottiero, Christina; Prather, Lauren (2024).
5279:
In Moldova propose to denounce the agreement on creation of CIS
4959:
4287:
4188:
4183:
on 23 February 2003. The Common Economic Space would involve a
4064:
Post-Soviet organisations and initiatives outside CIS framework
2487:
1968:
1682:(EU). The EaP framework governs the EU's relationship with the
1577:
1560:
1543:
1502:
1345:
1991, the leaders of eight additional former Soviet Republics (
1260:
1126:
1063:
914:
502:
364:
7441:"Life expectancy and Healthy life expectancy, data by country"
6515:"The Collective Security Treaty Organization:A Brief Overview"
5548:"Moldova Plans to Fully Withdraw from Moscow-led Bloc by 2024"
5188:"Georgia calls on west to condemn Abkhazia treaty with Russia"
5039:"Russia Facing Resistance With Allies On CIS's Southern Flank"
11420:
11298:
10237:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
10206:
10171:
10140:
9959:
9410:
9298:
9230:
9217:
9165:
8974:
8961:
8429:
8394:
6056:
6016:
5808:. International Business Publications, USA. 7 February 2007.
3410:
3382:
2524:
United Armed Forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States
359:
7691:
7651:
5662:"Історія членства України в Співдружності Незалежних Держав"
5520:"Moldovan Authorities Denounce Another Seven CIS Agreements"
4254:
3206:
Moldovan authorities refused to invite CIS observers in the
1184:
social, cultural, and economic space has its origins in the
11532:
11308:
10236:
10141:
Australia–New Zealand–United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)
10087:
9923:
9397:
9371:
8987:
8887:
8846:
8684:
8604:
8439:
8052:
7481:"Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus plan on common economic space"
4192:
4147:
3396:
took place in Kazan with 9 nations and 2,000 athletes. The
2981:
7656:
4889:
Ratification status of CIS documents as of 15 January 2008
4324:
which aims to forge closer integration among the members.
3125:
2023 Agreement on Free Trade in Services among 7 countries
3100:
Stamp of 1991–2011, the Commonwealth of Independent States
3086:
2011 multilateral Free Trade Area Treaty among 9 countries
1101:. Three organizations originated from the CIS, namely the
11517:
11337:
10211:
9878:
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC)
6234:"Georgia opts out of ex-Soviet military cooperation body"
4991:"Georgia opts out of ex-Soviet military cooperation body"
4222:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2261:
2256:
2156:
2151:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2016:
2011:
2006:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1451:
The work of CIS is coordinated by the General Secretary.
1401:
975:
971:
967:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
9980:
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
9914:
Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC)
8786:
8555:
GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development
7657:
Interstate Statistical Committee of the CIS (in Russian)
4334:
GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development
4328:
GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development
4240:
and expanded to include Armenia and Kyrgyzstan in 2015.
1313:
Natural Reserve, about 50 km (31 mi) north of
191:
10196:
8550:
Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America
7258:
Yanukovych: Ukraine will not have second state language
6532:"How to intervene symbolically: The CSTO in Kazakhstan"
6402:
Legvold, Robert; Arbatov, Alexei; Kaiser, Karl (2000).
5694:
Economic Interdependence in Ukrainian-Russian Relations
4622:
of each member state, the total area is 28 509 317 km².
4030:
Life expectancy at birth in countries of CIS since 1960
1097:
Eight of the nine CIS member states participate in the
18:
Member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States
9831:
7594:
4798:
https://cis.minsk.by/reestrv2/print/documentCard?ids=6
4787:
https://cis.minsk.by/reestrv2/print/documentCard?ids=1
4618:
Corresponds to the terrestrial surface. Including the
2072:
On 14 June 2022, Moldovan Minister of Foreign Affairs
169:
7866:
Self-proclaimed "associate member" as defined in the
7646:
7130:"CIS Observers Outraged by Deportation of Colleagues"
5559:
5557:
5534:"Moldova, önümüzdeki yılın sonunda BDT'den ayrılacak"
5453:"Молдова виходить із десятків договорів у рамках СНД"
4486:
2452:
announced during a public speech in the capital city
1721:
1336:
1309:, when the leaders of the three republics met at the
988:
241:
10242:
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)
9499:
8620:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
7535:. Centralasia.foreignpolicyblogs.com. Archived from
6401:
4866:: 11 countries accede to the CIS, 21 December 1991 (
4510:
4342:
4243:
3193:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
2570:
In 2002, the six member states agreed to create the
2054:
Founding state. Signatory of the Alma-Ata Protocol.
1918:
Founding state. Signatory of the Alma-Ata Protocol.
1885:
Founding state. Signatory of the Alma-Ata Protocol.
219:
205:
7015:
5642:
Turkmenistan reduces CIS ties to "Associate Member"
4195:, would initially be headed by a representative of
1784:Founding state. Signatory of the Alma-Ata Protocol
269:
255:
69:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
10006:Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
8802:Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Program
8635:Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
7602:"Eurasian economic integration: figures and facts"
7189:EU will not condemn the local elections in Ukraine
6964:Dushanbe ratifies agreement on CIS free trade area
6330:Georgia's CIS membership terminates in August 2009
5651:, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 29 August 2005.
5554:
5186:
3428:in the countries of CIS in 2021, according to the
3092:Commonwealth of Independent States Free Trade Area
2209:Commonwealth of Independent States Free Trade Area
2067:Adapted Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty
6983:Tajikistan ratifies CIS Free Trade Zone Agreement
2486:In 1991, four years before the 1995 human rights
11915:
11606:Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences
8670:South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
8495:Community of Latin American and Caribbean States
6875:Kazakhstan ratified agreement on Free Trade zone
6383:"Democracy Deficit Grows in Former Soviet Union"
3183:The democratic nature of the final round of the
10227:India–Brazil–South Africa Dialogue Forum (IBSA)
6746:"Соглашение о создании зоны свободной торговли"
6342:"Georgia Withdraws from Bloc", by Ellen Barry,
5626:Decision on Turkmenistan's associate membership
4884:
4882:
4811:"How three men signed the USSR's death warrant"
4230:Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia
4077:
1251:. The new treaty signing never happened as the
1133:with a common government, currency, and so on.
10172:Brazil–Russia–India–China–South Africa (BRICS)
10052:Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)
9960:Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
8395:Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
6894:Armenia ratifies CIS free trade zone agreement
6856:Russia’s Duma ratifies Eurasian Economic Union
6346:, 18 August 2009. Retrieved on 22 August 2009.
6270:Georgian parliament votes to withdraw from CIS
6205:"Ukraine continues to denounce CIS agreements"
5856:"Bill introduced to withdraw Ukraine from CIS"
5735:"Ukraine withdraws all envoys from CIS bodies"
5423:"Poll: Over 70% Moldovans favor EU membership"
4520:The Territories of the Russian Federation 2020
1655:withdrawing in the immediate aftermath of the
1593:
1235:and a rising political crisis in the country,
674:20,368,759 km (7,864,422 sq mi)
10742:
10297:
9485:
8873:
8772:
8485:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
8345:
8176:
7677:
7443:. World Health Organization. 4 December 2022.
7366:
7364:
6053:"Ukraine to officially quit CIS – Poroshenko"
5154:
5152:
4424:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
4322:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
4300:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
4294:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
4119:
1709:
1606:. On 26 May 1995, the CIS leaders signed the
8092:Customs Union of the Eurasian Economic Union
7457:Yanukovych: Ukraine won't join Customs Union
7184:
7182:
5690:
4879:
4144:Customs Union of the Eurasian Economic Union
2510:meeting even basic international standards.
1202:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
8660:Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
7981:Collective Security Treaty (1992-1999/2002)
7408:
6604:"GDP per capita (current US$ ) | Data"
5729:
4850:
4163:After a discussion about the creation of a
1705:of the Commonwealth of Independent States.
1678:(EaP), a project that was initiated by the
10749:
10735:
10304:
10290:
10182:Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries
9909:Central American Integration System (SICA)
9492:
9478:
8880:
8866:
8779:
8765:
8359:
8352:
8338:
8183:
8169:
7996:Council of Ministers of Defense of the CIS
7738:1991 agreements parties and "participants"
7684:
7670:
7361:
7054:"Election fraud: How to steal an election"
6973:, Vestnik Kavkaza. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
6634:"Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)"
6006:Ukraine to selectively work as part of CIS
5149:
4125:
4113:
3245:
3152:The CIS-Election Monitoring Organisation (
2528:Council of Ministers of Defense of the CIS
1295:Ukrainian independence referendum was held
1074:withdrew its membership in 2008 following
11944:United Nations General Assembly observers
10120:South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone
10088:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
9924:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
9883:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)
8675:South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone
8605:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
8525:Economic Community of West African States
7647:Official CIS internet portal (in Russian)
7386:
7179:
7029:
7022:The Review of International Organizations
6865:, odessatalk.com. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
5134:
5132:
4914:: 3 founding countries, 8 December 1991 (
4912:Agreement on the Establishment of the CIS
4905:
4582:
4488:Sodruzhestvo Nezavisimykh Gosudarstv, SNG
4255:Organisation of Central Asian Cooperation
2278:Denounced various CIS treaties as of 2023
217:: Көз карандысыз Мамлекеттер Шериктештиги
129:Learn how and when to remove this message
10448:Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia
10136:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
10047:Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
9990:Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (TCS)
9955:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
9934:Union of South American Nations (UNASUR)
8615:Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States
7693:Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
7643:Web Archives (archived 20 July 2006)
7507:"Central Asian Cooperation Organisation"
6740:
6738:
6723:
6721:
6294:
5805:Russia and Nis Mineral Industry Handbook
5130:
5128:
5126:
5124:
5122:
5120:
5118:
5116:
5114:
5112:
4985:
4983:
4935:"Russia Economic Conditions in Mid-1996"
4152:
4073:
3197:Ukrainian Independent Information Agency
3103:
3095:
3039:
2535:
2464:
2288:
2275:Withdrew its representatives in May 2018
1419:
1279:
1270:
1167:
1136:
171:Hamagortsakts’ut’yun Ankakh petut’yunner
167:: Համագործակցություն Անկախ պետություններ
11964:1991 establishments in the Soviet Union
10756:
10057:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
9985:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
9975:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
8889:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
8820:Collective Security Treaty Organization
8470:Collective Security Treaty Organization
8127:Collective Security Treaty Organization
7704:Belovezh Agreement establishing the CIS
7452:
7450:
7435:
7433:
7161:"CIS: Monitoring The Election Monitors"
6570:
6275:
6001:
5999:
5219:
5184:
5087:
5073:EEAS – European External Action Service
5036:
4632:Лащенко, Олександр (26 November 2020).
4631:
4612:
4477:Содружество Независимых Государств, СНГ
4403:Collective Security Treaty Organization
4214:Ukrainian presidential election of 2004
3326:, where it also played against the new
2572:Collective Security Treaty Organisation
2520:Collective Security Treaty Organization
2353:
2272:Largely ceased to participate from 2014
1630:
1214:Declaration of the Creation of the USSR
1208:(USSR) upon its creation with the 1922
1103:Collective Security Treaty Organization
1020:regional intergovernmental organization
221:Köz karandısız Mamleketter Şerikteştigi
27:Eurasian intergovernmental organization
14:
11916:
10775:Index of Soviet Union–related articles
10552:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
9809:Composite Index of National Capability
8680:Southern African Development Community
8575:Latin American Integration Association
8380:Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization
7710:Alma-Ata Protocol establishing the CIS
7158:
7140:from the original on 27 September 2007
6954:, azernews.az. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
6914:"Uzbekistan Joins CIS Free-Trade Zone"
6884:www.kaztag.kz. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
6075:
5918:Information Telegraph Agency of Russia
5763:
5635:
5619:
5222:"Donbas: A new 'black hole' in Europe"
5162:. Commonwealth of Independent States.
4808:
3219:Kyrgyz parliamentary elections of 2005
3147:
2975:
10730:
10518:1949 East German State Railway strike
10490:World Federation of Democratic Youth
10285:
9929:Organization of American States (OAS)
9899:Association of Caribbean States (ACS)
9830:
9473:
8861:
8760:
8746:Regionalism (international relations)
8630:Organization of Ibero-American States
8465:Central European Free Trade Agreement
8333:
8164:
7665:
7582:from the original on 26 February 2008
7513:from the original on 23 February 2013
6830:
6774:
6735:
6718:
6392:2011. date retrieved 12 February 2014
5954:from the original on 11 December 2014
5477:
5367:Parliament of the Republic of Moldova
5337:Parliament of the Republic of Moldova
5307:Parliament of the Republic of Moldova
5201:from the original on 10 December 2022
5109:
4980:
4960:Information and Publish. Department.
4752:
4750:
4735:from the original on 30 November 2022
4634:"Is Ukraine still in the CIS or not?"
3208:2005 Moldovan parliamentary elections
3158:Миссия наблюдателей от СНГ на выборах
2628:
2625:
2620:
2611:
2317:Ukrainian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
1243:, proposed a federation by holding a
10389:Soviet response to the Marshall Plan
8787:Central Asian regional organizations
8741:Regional organizations by population
7652:CIS Executive Committee (in Russian)
7447:
7430:
7418:. The World Bank Group. 29 June 2023
7396:. The World Bank Group. 29 June 2023
7374:. The World Bank Group. 29 June 2023
6945:Uzbekistan joins CIS free trade zone
6926:from the original on 29 October 2021
6231:
6145:from the original on 9 November 2020
6089:from the original on 24 January 2023
5996:
5784:from the original on 24 January 2023
5684:
5403:from the original on 29 January 2018
5373:from the original on 31 January 2018
5166:from the original on 2 November 2012
4821:from the original on 7 December 2022
4723:
4721:
4719:
4540:from the original on 24 January 2023
3217:Soon after CIS observers hailed the
3185:2004 Ukrainian presidential election
2021:Signatory of the Alma-Ata Protocol.
1817:Signatory of the Alma-Ata Protocol.
1602:was established on 27 March 1992 in
1440:
1188:, which was replaced in 1917 by the
243:Sodruzhestvo Nezavisimykh Gosudarstv
239:: Содружество Независимых Государств
78:"Commonwealth of Independent States"
67:adding citations to reliable sources
38:
9705:International relations (1814–1919)
8460:Central American Integration System
7340:
7088:. Enews.ferghana.ru. Archived from
6614:from the original on 10 August 2020
6263:
6244:
6232:Team, Editorial (3 February 2006).
5575:from the original on 13 August 2018
4644:from the original on 17 August 2021
4133:
3142:
3108:2011 treaty signatories and parties
2492:European Convention on Human Rights
2322:In April 2018, Ukrainian President
2106:
1953:Signatory of the Alma-Ata Protocol.
1204:became the leading republic in the
1038:As the Soviet Union disintegrated,
231:: Comunitatea Statelor Independente
24:
11924:Commonwealth of Independent States
10611:Sovietization of the Baltic states
10016:European Political Community (EPC)
9304:Commonwealth of Independent States
8815:Commonwealth of Independent States
8695:Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat
8475:Commonwealth of Independent States
8193:Commonwealth of Independent States
7416:"Life expectancy at birth, female"
7235:Ukraine's Ballot Flawed, U.S. Says
6992:, AKIpress. Retrieved 22 June 2018
6903:, arka.am. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
6495:from the original on 5 August 2022
6481:
6171:from the original on 19 April 2019
6063:from the original on 13 April 2018
5984:from the original on 29 April 2015
5868:from the original on 27 March 2014
5764:Sussex, Matthew (4 October 2012).
5654:
5607:from the original on 30 March 2019
5471:
5433:from the original on 4 August 2021
5260:from the original on 28 April 2015
5185:Buckley, Neil (25 November 2014).
4962:"CIS Inter-Parliamentary Assembly"
4747:
3420:
3403:
2201:so Ukraine never became a member.
1693:
1012:Commonwealth of Independent States
25:
11975:
11949:Organizations established in 1991
10482:World Federation of Trade Unions
8837:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
8832:Economic Cooperation Organization
8665:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
8530:Economic Cooperation Organization
8415:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
7630:
7614:from the original on 14 July 2014
7533:"Collective Security: A Timeline"
7487:from the original on 1 April 2013
7372:"Life expectancy at birth, total"
7167:from the original on 14 June 2008
5894:from the original on 4 March 2016
5037:Pannier, Bruce (9 October 2009).
4997:from the original on 9 March 2014
4941:from the original on 26 July 2013
4809:Newman, Dina (24 December 2016).
4768:from the original on 14 June 2022
4716:
4704:from the original on 10 July 2022
4656:
4244:Union State of Russia and Belarus
2188:
1536:4 March 1999 – 2 April 1999
1196:earlier that year. Following the
203:: Тәуелсіз Мемлекеттер Достастығы
193:Sadružnasć Niezaliežnych Dziaržaŭ
11898:
11897:
11885:
10699:January 1991 events in Lithuania
10357:Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
10311:
10146:Melanesian Spearhead Group (MSG)
9501:Power in international relations
9403:
9390:
9377:
9364:
9351:
9338:
9309:
9275:
9262:
9249:
9236:
9223:
9210:
9197:
9184:
9171:
9158:
9145:
9132:
9119:
9106:
9082:
9058:
9045:
9032:
9019:
9006:
8993:
8980:
8967:
8954:
8941:
8505:Council of the Baltic Sea States
8312:
8300:
8288:
8276:
8264:
8252:
8240:
8228:
8216:
8204:
8145:
8144:
7525:
7499:
7473:
7394:"Life expectancy at birth, male"
7334:
7304:
7274:
7251:
7228:
7205:
7152:
7122:
7104:
7078:
7066:from the original on 14 May 2012
7046:
7009:
6995:
6976:
6957:
6938:
6906:
6887:
6868:
6580:. Astana Calling. Archived from
6251:Georgia intends to leave the CIS
5711:from the original on 27 May 2023
5672:from the original on 9 July 2022
5459:(in Ukrainian). 23 February 2023
4993:. Pravda.Ru. 11 September 2001.
4674:from the original on 8 July 2022
4387:
4373:
4359:
4345:
4051:
4035:
4023:
3289:
2544:The CIS Charter establishes the
2389:
2243:
2139:
2027:
1994:
1961:
1925:
1891:
1857:
1823:
1790:
1757:
1729:
1576:
1559:
1542:
1518:
1501:
1477:
1469:
690:
689:
545:
521:
508:
495:
481:
468:
455:
442:
429:
416:
318:
301:
287:
267:: Мустақил Давлатлар Ҳамдўстлиги
189:: Садружнасць Незалежных Дзяржаў
43:
11939:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
10423:Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
9950:Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)
8705:Union of South American Nations
8625:Organization of American States
8425:Association of Caribbean States
8132:Collective Rapid Reaction Force
8117:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
7940:Unified Team at the Paralympics
7562:
7223:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
6919:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
6849:
6816:
6791:
6760:
6693:
6661:
6647:
6626:
6596:
6538:
6524:
6507:
6455:
6446:
6434:
6395:
6376:
6350:
6335:
6323:
6225:
6211:
6197:
6183:
6157:
6127:
6101:
6045:
6022:
5966:
5936:
5906:
5880:
5848:
5829:
5796:
5757:
5723:
5691:d'Anieri, Paul J. (July 1999).
5587:
5540:
5526:
5512:
5498:
5478:Fetco, Verônica (15 May 2023).
5445:
5415:
5397:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
5385:
5355:
5325:
5295:
5272:
5240:
5213:
5178:
5061:
5049:from the original on 9 May 2013
5043:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
5030:
5009:
4968:from the original on 8 May 2013
4953:
4927:
4833:
4802:
4791:
4780:
4700:(in Ukrainian). 8 August 2019.
4668:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
4429:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
3400:took place in 2023 in Belarus.
3332:Soviet Union bandy championship
3233:were organised well. While the
3231:2010 local elections in Ukraine
3225:International observers of the
3011:Agreement on the Economic Union
2574:(CSTO) as a military alliance.
2546:Council of Ministers of Defence
2477:
1408:underwent economic reforms and
271:Mustaqil Davlatlar Hamdoʻstligi
207:Täuelsız Memleketter Dostastyğy
54:needs additional citations for
10156:Polynesian Leaders Group (PLG)
10062:Eurasian Economic Union (EaEU)
8490:Community of Democratic Choice
6465:. Cis.minsk.by. Archived from
6305:unofficial English translation
5770:. Cambridge University Press.
5220:Rettman, Andrew (7 May 2015).
5098:unofficial English translation
4916:unofficial English translation
4686:
4625:
4556:
4504:
4466:
1570:14 July 2004 – 5 October 2007
1424:The 20–22 June 2000 CIS Summit
1415:
1026:. It was formed following the
13:
1:
11959:1991 establishments in Europe
11438:Political abuse of psychiatry
11230:Congress of People's Deputies
10704:January 1991 events in Latvia
10694:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
10443:Socialist Republic of Romania
10418:People's Republic of Bulgaria
10410:People's Republic of Albania
10379:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état
10067:Organization of Turkic States
9904:Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
9695:List of medieval great powers
8842:Organization of Turkic States
8700:Organization of Turkic States
8455:Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
8048:Interstate Aviation Committee
7960:CIS national rugby union team
6489:"From Treaty to Organization"
6111:. 1 June 2018. Archived from
5920:. 27 May 2014. Archived from
4497:
3312:CIS association football team
3286:as its only state language."
3270:and the autonomous region of
2357:
2216:
2114:
1733:
1689:
1512:29 April 1998 – 4 March 1999
1163:
1109:(alongside subdivisions, the
253:: Иттиходи Давлатҳои Мустақил
156:(in other regional languages)
10689:Collapse of the Soviet Union
10679:Fall of communism in Albania
9814:Comprehensive National Power
9690:List of ancient great powers
8565:Indian Ocean Rim Association
8540:European Political Community
8420:Assembly of European Regions
8082:Eurasian Patent Organization
7991:Joint CIS Air Defense System
7955:CIS national ice hockey team
7935:Unified Team at the Olympics
4232:was thus created in 2010, A
2565:joint CIS Air Defense System
2532:Joint CIS Air Defense System
2426:Withdrew as a result of the
2082:Russia's invasion of Ukraine
1647:was elected in Ukraine; and
1553:2 April 1999 – 14 July 2004
1495:14 May 1993 – 29 April 1998
1447:General Secretary of the CIS
1289:Following the events of the
1249:union of sovereign republics
1084:Russian annexation of Crimea
1003:(руб) used from 1991 to 1994
336:Russian-occupied territories
181:: Müstəqil Dövlətlər Birliyi
7:
11954:1991 establishments in Asia
11601:Academy of Medical Sciences
10664:End of communism in Hungary
10433:Hungarian People's Republic
10151:Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)
10104:Union for the Mediterranean
9857:Union for the Mediterranean
9700:List of modern great powers
8072:Eurasian Economic Community
8032:2023 Free Trade in Services
7555:
6272:on BBC News, 14 August 2008
6260:on CNN.com, 12 August 2008.
5767:Conflict in the Former USSR
4487:
4338:
4278:formed the OCAC in 1991 as
4140:Eurasian Economic Community
4046:in countries of CIS in 2019
3227:Interparliamentary Assembly
2591:Economy of the Soviet Union
2513:
2497:CIS members, especially in
2460:
2436:Following the overthrow of
2313:2014 parliamentary election
2306:Following the start of the
1722:
1668:Eurasian Economic Community
1651:was toppled in Kyrgyzstan.
1643:was overthrown in Georgia;
1600:Interparliamentary Assembly
1594:Interparliamentary Assembly
1337:
1266:
1247:to preserve the Union as a
1088:Russian invasion of Ukraine
591:Interparliamentary Assembly
270:
257:Ittixodi Davlathoi Mustaqil
256:
242:
220:
206:
192:
170:
10:
11980:
10428:German Democratic Republic
10232:Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
9743:Hegemonic stability theory
8590:Melanesian Spearhead Group
8077:Eurasian Patent Convention
7986:United Armed Forces (1992)
7950:CIS national football team
7345:. Ayape.EU. Archived from
7031:10.1007/s11558-024-09554-3
4331:
4297:
4280:Central Asian Commonwealth
4247:
4156:
4137:
4067:
3969:
3919:
3869:
3819:
3769:
3719:
3669:
3619:
3569:
3519:
3328:Russia national bandy team
3250:Russia has urged that the
3128:
3089:
3079:International Trade Centre
3044:1994 agreement signatories
3033:
3020:differentiated integration
2998:
2979:
2588:
2584:
2517:
2469:Meeting of CIS leaders in
2060:
1444:
1338:Belovezhskiye soglasheniya
1140:
1070:chose not to participate.
708:11.77/km (30.5/sq mi)
491:(suspended participation)
29:
11879:
11823:
11797:
11717:
11640:
11631:
11576:
11483:
11446:
11386:
11289:
11251:
11171:
11033:
11024:
10974:
10922:
10913:
10765:
10639:
10616:Information dissemination
10593:
10543:1956 Hungarian Revolution
10533:1953 East German uprising
10501:
10459:
10402:
10339:
10319:
10255:
10164:
10128:
10112:
10096:
10075:
10039:
9998:
9942:
9891:
9865:
9844:
9840:
9826:
9801:
9713:
9682:
9637:
9586:
9511:
9507:
9419:
9330:
9291:
9098:
9074:
8931:
8895:
8792:
8728:
8580:Latin American Parliament
8400:Asia Cooperation Dialogue
8367:
8199:
8140:
8062:Outside the CIS framework
8061:
8040:
8004:
7973:
7927:
7906:
7885:
7865:
7810:parties and "members" (9)
7805:
7736:
7725:
7699:
6034:18 September 2015 at the
5841:28 September 2008 at the
4476:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3342:
3157:
2938:
2903:
2868:
2833:
2798:
2763:
2728:
2693:
2658:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2617:
2614:
2387:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2137:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2025:
1992:
1959:
1922:
1889:
1854:
1821:
1788:
1755:
1750:
1747:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1710:
1587:5 October 2007 – Present
1326:
998:
981:
935:
925:
906:
804:
784:
774:
764:
750:
740:
730:
712:
702:
683:
678:
668:
663:
659:
646:
633:
620:
605:
601:
596:
586:
582:
572:• General Secretary
570:
566:
561:
401:
391:
381:
373:
350:
317:
283:
143:
10601:Emigration and defection
10438:Polish People's Republic
9833:Organizations and groups
9793:Superpower disengagement
9437:SCO Interbank Consortium
8655:Polynesian Leaders Group
8570:Liptako–Gourma Authority
8560:Gulf Cooperation Council
7217:24 November 2010 at the
6842:25 February 2014 at the
6388:22 February 2014 at the
5647:11 December 2008 at the
4620:Exclusive Economic Zones
4459:
4187:commission on trade and
3426:Life expectancy at birth
3009:On 24 September 1993 an
2444:In the aftermath of the
342:
332:
326:
30:Not to be confused with
11892:Soviet Union portal
10659:Fall of the Berlin Wall
10585:1981 protests in Kosovo
10523:Rebellion of Cazin 1950
10177:Commonwealth of Nations
10011:Council of Europe (CoE)
9773:Power transition theory
8825:Eurasian Economic Union
8797:Central Asia plus Japan
8535:Eurasian Economic Union
8480:Commonwealth of Nations
8097:Eurasian Economic Union
7945:CIS national bandy team
7246:The Wall Street Journal
7116:23 January 2009 at the
6452:SIPRI 1998 Annual, p.18
6011:28 January 2016 at the
4937:. Library of Congress.
4894:30 October 2008 at the
4439:Eurasian Economic Union
4320:are all members of the
4191:that would be based in
4159:Eurasian Economic Space
4044:healthy life expectancy
3349:. The main sports were
3280:Ukrainian 2010 election
3246:Russian language status
1395:Soviet of the Republics
1239:, the president of the
1115:Eurasian Economic Space
1107:Eurasian Economic Union
32:Commonwealth of Nations
11784:Stalinist architecture
11538:Science and technology
11448:Ideological repression
11376:Soviet Airborne Forces
11314:Destruction battalions
8520:East African Community
8410:Asia-Europe Foundation
8361:Regional organizations
7806:Additionally the 1993
7194:7 January 2017 at the
6360:. 1995. Archived from
4238:Eurasian Customs Union
4130:
3324:Russian Government Cup
3109:
3101:
3045:
2986:List of GOST standards
2541:
2474:
2294:
1698:
1425:
1327:Беловежские соглашения
1286:
1277:
1231:In March 1991, amidst
1177:
1111:Eurasian Customs Union
11566:List of metro systems
11119:Collective leadership
10709:Breakup of Yugoslavia
10247:Uniting for Consensus
8690:Three Seas Initiative
8645:Pacific Islands Forum
8445:British–Irish Council
8012:Common Economic Space
7240:10 March 2016 at the
5021:23 March 2007 at the
4165:common economic space
4153:Common Economic Space
4105:
4058:Elaboration by gender
3107:
3099:
3043:
2539:
2468:
2292:
2090:Parliament of Moldova
1697:
1423:
1311:Belovezhskaya Pushcha
1283:
1274:
1255:hardliners staged an
1171:
1137:History and structure
1086:. Following the 2022
344: Associate state
11528:Net material product
11471:Censorship of images
11388:Political repression
11348:Soviet Border Troops
11281:First Deputy Premier
10865:1965 economic reform
10860:Soviet space program
10557:1970 Polish protests
10538:1956 Poznań protests
10403:Soviet-allied states
10113:Africa–South America
10076:North America–Europe
9442:Eurasian Land Bridge
9283:United Arab Emirates
8736:Regional integration
8720:Western Balkans Quad
7570:"Russian Federation"
6988:22 June 2018 at the
6969:22 June 2018 at the
6950:1 April 2016 at the
6922:. 28 December 2013.
6899:22 June 2018 at the
6880:22 June 2018 at the
6861:22 June 2018 at the
6469:on 23 September 2015
4862:13 December 2012 at
4857:Alma-Ata Declaration
4731:. 30 November 2022.
4516:"Republic of Crimea"
4512:Taylor & Francis
4202:On 22 May 2003, the
4042:Life expectancy and
3308:1992 Summer Olympics
3304:1992 Winter Olympics
3239:Obama administration
3022:(aka à la carte and
3001:free trade agreement
2354:Former member states
1701:There are nine full
1631:Further developments
1614:It is housed in the
1455:General Secretaries
1180:The CIS as a shared
685:• 2024 estimate
352:Administrative seats
63:improve this article
11596:Academy of Sciences
11411:Population transfer
11355:Soviet Armed Forces
11218:Congress of Soviets
11199:Presidium/Politburo
11163:Soviet anti-Zionism
11012:West Siberian Plain
10890:Revolutions of 1989
10827:Great Patriotic War
10812:New Economic Policy
10674:Romanian revolution
10647:Revolutions of 1989
10528:1953 Plzeň uprising
10263:United Nations (UN)
10031:Visegrád Group (V4)
10021:European Union (EU)
9788:Superpower collapse
9783:Sphere of influence
9758:Philosophy of power
8807:Central Asian Union
8715:West Nordic Council
7641:Library of Congress
7462:14 May 2011 at the
7349:on 24 February 2021
7341:Valenza, Domenico.
7263:5 June 2011 at the
7159:Kupchinsky, Roman.
6729:"Market Access Map"
6558:on 11 December 2013
6303:, 22 January 1993 (
6207:. 13 December 2023.
6167:. 11 October 2018.
6019:(21 September 2015)
5550:. 21 December 2023.
5536:. 21 December 2023.
5522:. 22 November 2023.
5399:. 25 January 2018.
5284:5 July 2015 at the
5096:, 22 January 1993 (
4868:English translation
3187:which followed the
3162:election monitoring
3148:Election monitoring
2976:Standards and rules
2448:in 2008, President
2438:Eduard Shevardnadze
2308:Russo-Ukrainian war
2124:Agreement ratified
1676:Eastern Partnership
1641:Eduard Shevardnadze
1456:
1226:Transcaucasian SFSR
1194:February Revolution
1123:supranational union
1099:CIS Free Trade Area
896:Turkmenistani manat
328: Member states
11929:Post-Soviet states
11241:Military Collegium
11109:Capital punishment
10987:Caucasus Mountains
10900:Post-Soviet states
10780:Russian Revolution
10684:Singing Revolution
10567:June 1976 protests
10352:Soviet occupations
10097:Africa–Asia–Europe
8022:1994 FTA Agreement
7965:CIS Cup (football)
7637:Charter of the CIS
7292:on 1 December 2017
6756:on 4 October 2023.
6608:data.worldbank.org
6584:on 14 October 2017
6317:2009-02-07 at the
6287:2008-09-03 at the
6256:2008-08-13 at the
5731:Ponomarenko, Illia
5569:vestnikkavkaza.net
5369:. 2 January 2018.
5343:on 5 November 2014
5313:on 5 November 2014
4449:Post-Soviet states
4212:'s victory in the
4131:
4070:Post-Soviet states
3379:kettlebell lifting
3302:" competed in the
3284:Ukrainian language
3110:
3102:
3046:
3024:multi-speed Europe
2618:GDP (USD million)
2615:Population (2021)
2542:
2475:
2446:Russo-Georgian War
2428:Russo-Georgian War
2368:Agreement ratified
2295:
2227:Agreement ratified
2183:Colour Revolutions
1744:Agreement ratified
1699:
1684:post-Soviet states
1657:Russo-Georgian War
1637:colour revolutions
1454:
1434:Charter of the CIS
1426:
1406:Post-Soviet states
1287:
1278:
1263:August that year.
1198:October Revolution
1178:
870:Tajikistani somoni
810:No common currency
760:2022 estimate
746:$ 22,500 (approx.)
726:2022 estimate
697:(including Crimea)
147:Independent States
11911:
11910:
11875:
11874:
11867:Hammer and sickle
11809:and their groups
11807:Soviet dissidents
11586:Communist Academy
11503:Economic planning
11479:
11478:
11372:Soviet Air Forces
11291:Security services
11211:General Secretary
11194:Central Committee
11136:Political parties
11068:Brezhnev Doctrine
11063:Foreign relations
11020:
11019:
10961:Autonomous okrugs
10875:Soviet–Afghan War
10855:Sino-Soviet split
10797:Russian Civil War
10724:
10723:
10669:Velvet Revolution
10631:Telephone tapping
10605:list of defectors
10394:Tito–Stalin split
10279:
10278:
10275:
10274:
10271:
10270:
9822:
9821:
9778:Second Superpower
9738:Deterrence theory
9467:
9466:
9447:Working languages
9099:Dialogue partners
8855:
8854:
8811:
8754:
8753:
8650:Paneuropean Union
8510:Council of Europe
8327:
8326:
8158:
8157:
7923:
7922:
7248:(4 November 2010)
7225:(5 November 2010)
7202:(3 November 2010)
6846:, 18 October 2011
6291:, 18 August 2008.
6221:. 2 January 2024.
5864:. 15 March 2014.
5429:. 2 August 2021.
5256:. 26 April 2015.
4670:. 12 April 2018.
4600:on 23 August 2017
4533:978-1-003-00706-7
4485:
4219:Viktor Yanukovych
4210:Viktor Yushchenko
4019:
4018:
3235:Council of Europe
3189:Orange Revolution
3131:Trade in services
2973:
2972:
2629:Human Development
2434:
2433:
2287:
2286:
2171:
2170:
2127:Charter ratified
2088:President of the
2058:
2057:
1808:24 September 1993
1748:Charter ratified
1720:
1645:Viktor Yushchenko
1591:
1590:
1566:Vladimir Rushailo
1441:General Secretary
1379:Alma-Ata Protocol
1335:
1237:Mikhail Gorbachev
1176:, 8 December 1991
1143:History of Russia
1076:a war with Russia
1056:Alma-Ata Protocol
1052:Belovezha Accords
1008:
1007:
842:Kazakhstani tenge
830:Azerbaijani manat
780:$ 9,000 (approx.)
776:• Per capita
742:• Per capita
655:20 September 2012
624:Alma-Ata Protocol
610:Belavezha Accords
538:1 associate state
396:Intergovernmental
139:
138:
131:
113:
16:(Redirected from
11971:
11901:
11900:
11890:
11889:
11888:
11638:
11637:
11546:
11401:Collectivization
11146:Marxism–Leninism
11031:
11030:
10920:
10919:
10751:
10744:
10737:
10728:
10727:
10513:Goryani Movement
10493:
10485:
10451:
10413:
10347:Yalta Conference
10306:
10299:
10292:
10283:
10282:
9842:
9841:
9828:
9827:
9768:Power projection
9753:Internationalism
9726:Balance of power
9721:American decline
9509:
9508:
9494:
9487:
9480:
9471:
9470:
9409:
9407:
9406:
9396:
9394:
9393:
9383:
9381:
9380:
9370:
9368:
9367:
9357:
9355:
9354:
9344:
9342:
9341:
9315:
9313:
9312:
9281:
9279:
9278:
9268:
9266:
9265:
9255:
9253:
9252:
9242:
9240:
9239:
9229:
9227:
9226:
9216:
9214:
9213:
9203:
9201:
9200:
9190:
9188:
9187:
9177:
9175:
9174:
9164:
9162:
9161:
9151:
9149:
9148:
9138:
9136:
9135:
9125:
9123:
9122:
9112:
9110:
9109:
9088:
9086:
9085:
9064:
9062:
9061:
9051:
9049:
9048:
9038:
9036:
9035:
9025:
9023:
9022:
9012:
9010:
9009:
8999:
8997:
8996:
8986:
8984:
8983:
8973:
8971:
8970:
8960:
8958:
8957:
8947:
8945:
8944:
8882:
8875:
8868:
8859:
8858:
8809:
8781:
8774:
8767:
8758:
8757:
8640:Pacific Alliance
8354:
8347:
8340:
8331:
8330:
8317:
8316:
8305:
8304:
8293:
8292:
8281:
8280:
8269:
8268:
8257:
8256:
8245:
8244:
8233:
8232:
8221:
8220:
8209:
8208:
8185:
8178:
8171:
8162:
8161:
8148:
8147:
8122:New Union Treaty
8087:EU Technical Aid
7734:
7733:
7686:
7679:
7672:
7663:
7662:
7624:
7623:
7621:
7619:
7613:
7606:
7598:
7592:
7591:
7589:
7587:
7581:
7574:
7566:
7549:
7548:
7546:
7544:
7529:
7523:
7522:
7520:
7518:
7503:
7497:
7496:
7494:
7492:
7477:
7471:
7454:
7445:
7444:
7437:
7428:
7427:
7425:
7423:
7412:
7406:
7405:
7403:
7401:
7390:
7384:
7383:
7381:
7379:
7368:
7359:
7358:
7356:
7354:
7338:
7332:
7331:
7329:
7327:
7318:. Archived from
7316:www.mfgs-sng.org
7308:
7302:
7301:
7299:
7297:
7288:. Archived from
7278:
7272:
7255:
7249:
7232:
7226:
7209:
7203:
7186:
7177:
7176:
7174:
7172:
7156:
7150:
7149:
7147:
7145:
7126:
7120:
7108:
7102:
7101:
7099:
7097:
7082:
7076:
7075:
7073:
7071:
7062:. 3 March 2012.
7050:
7044:
7043:
7033:
7013:
7007:
7006:
6999:
6993:
6980:
6974:
6961:
6955:
6942:
6936:
6935:
6933:
6931:
6910:
6904:
6891:
6885:
6872:
6866:
6853:
6847:
6834:
6828:
6827:
6820:
6814:
6813:
6811:
6809:
6795:
6789:
6788:
6786:
6778:
6772:
6771:
6764:
6758:
6757:
6752:. Archived from
6742:
6733:
6732:
6725:
6716:
6715:
6713:
6711:
6697:
6691:
6690:
6688:
6686:
6680:
6674:. Archived from
6673:
6665:
6659:
6658:
6651:
6645:
6644:
6642:
6640:
6630:
6624:
6623:
6621:
6619:
6600:
6594:
6593:
6591:
6589:
6574:
6568:
6567:
6565:
6563:
6557:
6551:. Archived from
6550:
6542:
6536:
6535:
6528:
6522:
6521:
6519:
6511:
6505:
6504:
6502:
6500:
6485:
6479:
6478:
6476:
6474:
6459:
6453:
6450:
6444:
6438:
6432:
6431:
6420:10.2307/20049696
6399:
6393:
6380:
6374:
6373:
6371:
6369:
6364:on 16 April 2013
6354:
6348:
6339:
6333:
6327:
6321:
6298:
6292:
6279:
6273:
6267:
6261:
6248:
6242:
6241:
6229:
6223:
6222:
6215:
6209:
6208:
6201:
6195:
6194:
6187:
6181:
6180:
6178:
6176:
6161:
6155:
6154:
6152:
6150:
6139:Interfax-Ukraine
6131:
6125:
6124:
6122:
6120:
6105:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6094:
6079:
6073:
6072:
6070:
6068:
6049:
6043:
6042:(20 August 2015)
6026:
6020:
6003:
5994:
5993:
5991:
5989:
5970:
5964:
5963:
5961:
5959:
5940:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5929:
5910:
5904:
5903:
5901:
5899:
5884:
5878:
5877:
5875:
5873:
5852:
5846:
5833:
5827:
5826:
5824:
5822:
5800:
5794:
5793:
5791:
5789:
5761:
5755:
5754:
5752:
5750:
5741:. Archived from
5727:
5721:
5720:
5718:
5716:
5688:
5682:
5681:
5679:
5677:
5658:
5652:
5639:
5633:
5631:
5623:
5617:
5616:
5614:
5612:
5606:
5599:
5591:
5585:
5584:
5582:
5580:
5561:
5552:
5551:
5544:
5538:
5537:
5530:
5524:
5523:
5516:
5510:
5509:
5502:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5491:
5475:
5469:
5468:
5466:
5464:
5457:www.ukrinform.ua
5449:
5443:
5442:
5440:
5438:
5419:
5413:
5412:
5410:
5408:
5389:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5378:
5359:
5353:
5352:
5350:
5348:
5339:. Archived from
5329:
5323:
5322:
5320:
5318:
5309:. Archived from
5299:
5293:
5276:
5270:
5269:
5267:
5265:
5244:
5238:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5224:. Archived from
5217:
5211:
5210:
5208:
5206:
5190:
5182:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5171:
5156:
5147:
5146:
5145:. 3 August 1994.
5144:
5136:
5107:
5091:
5085:
5083:
5081:
5079:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5034:
5028:
5013:
5007:
5006:
5004:
5002:
4987:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4957:
4951:
4950:
4948:
4946:
4931:
4925:
4909:
4903:
4886:
4877:
4854:
4848:
4837:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4826:
4806:
4800:
4795:
4789:
4784:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4764:. 14 June 2022.
4754:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4740:
4725:
4714:
4713:
4711:
4709:
4698:www.ukrinform.ua
4690:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4660:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4649:
4640:(in Ukrainian).
4629:
4623:
4616:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4596:. Archived from
4586:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4575:
4570:. 4 October 2022
4560:
4554:
4553:
4547:
4545:
4508:
4491:
4490:
4480:
4478:
4470:
4397:
4392:
4391:
4390:
4383:
4378:
4377:
4369:
4364:
4363:
4362:
4355:
4350:
4349:
4304:The post-Soviet
4134:EurAsEc and EAEU
4129:
4127:
4121:
4115:
4076:
4055:
4039:
4027:
3510:
3476:
3466:
3444:Historical data
3435:
3434:
3430:World Bank Group
3344:
3296:its sports teams
3252:Russian language
3159:
3143:Other activities
2609:
2608:
2503:Andijan massacre
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2374:
2373:Charter ratified
2369:
2358:
2324:Petro Poroshenko
2263:
2262:10 December 1991
2258:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2233:
2232:Charter ratified
2228:
2217:
2158:
2157:26 December 1991
2153:
2152:21 December 1991
2145:
2143:
2142:
2115:
2107:Associate member
2051:
2046:
2041:
2040:21 December 1991
2033:
2031:
2030:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2007:21 December 1991
2000:
1998:
1997:
1985:
1980:
1979:12 December 1991
1975:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1939:21 December 1991
1935:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1904:21 December 1991
1897:
1895:
1894:
1882:
1877:
1876:23 December 1991
1872:
1871:21 December 1991
1867:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1847:
1842:
1841:10 December 1991
1837:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1814:
1813:14 December 1993
1809:
1804:
1803:21 December 1991
1796:
1794:
1793:
1781:
1776:
1775:18 February 1992
1771:
1770:21 December 1991
1763:
1761:
1760:
1745:
1734:
1725:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1627:on 14 May 2009.
1625:Saint Petersburg
1581:
1580:
1564:
1563:
1547:
1546:
1533:
1525:Ivan Korotchenya
1523:
1522:
1508:Boris Berezovsky
1506:
1505:
1492:
1484:Ivan Korotchenya
1482:
1481:
1474:
1473:
1457:
1453:
1340:
1330:
1328:
1319:Belovezh Accords
1299:Byelorussian SSR
1291:failed 1991 coup
1218:Byelorussian SSR
1190:Russian Republic
1174:Belovezh Accords
1151:Russian Republic
993:
990:
966:
921:
899:
889:
880:
877:Uzbekistani soum
836:Belarusian ruble
818:
812:
800:
799:
791:
757:
723:
698:
693:
692:
629:21 December 1991
612:
551:
549:
548:
539:
527:
525:
524:
514:
512:
511:
501:
499:
498:
487:
485:
484:
474:
472:
471:
461:
459:
458:
448:
446:
445:
435:
433:
432:
422:
420:
419:
410:
382:Working language
353:
345:
343:
338:
333:
329:
327:
322:
305:
291:
274:
273:
260:
259:
246:
245:
232:
224:
223:
210:
209:
196:
195:
182:
174:
173:
158:
141:
140:
134:
127:
123:
120:
114:
112:
71:
47:
39:
21:
11979:
11978:
11974:
11973:
11972:
11970:
11969:
11968:
11914:
11913:
11912:
11907:
11886:
11884:
11871:
11819:
11793:
11713:
11627:
11572:
11544:
11518:Internet domain
11513:Five-year plans
11475:
11442:
11382:
11285:
11247:
11179:Communist Party
11167:
11126:Passport system
11016:
10992:European Russia
10970:
10909:
10850:Khrushchev Thaw
10829:(World War II)
10807:Creation treaty
10761:
10755:
10725:
10720:
10635:
10589:
10576:Soviet reaction
10562:Croatian Spring
10506:
10504:
10497:
10491:
10483:
10455:
10449:
10411:
10398:
10384:Berlin Blockade
10335:
10334:
10315:
10310:
10280:
10267:
10251:
10160:
10129:Oceania–Pacific
10124:
10108:
10092:
10071:
10035:
9994:
9938:
9887:
9861:
9836:
9818:
9797:
9748:Multilateralism
9709:
9678:
9633:
9582:
9503:
9498:
9468:
9463:
9415:
9404:
9402:
9391:
9389:
9378:
9376:
9365:
9363:
9352:
9350:
9339:
9337:
9326:
9310:
9308:
9287:
9276:
9274:
9263:
9261:
9250:
9248:
9237:
9235:
9224:
9222:
9211:
9209:
9198:
9196:
9185:
9183:
9172:
9170:
9159:
9157:
9146:
9144:
9133:
9131:
9120:
9118:
9107:
9105:
9094:
9083:
9081:
9075:Observer states
9070:
9059:
9057:
9046:
9044:
9033:
9031:
9020:
9018:
9007:
9005:
8994:
8992:
8981:
8979:
8968:
8966:
8955:
8953:
8942:
8940:
8927:
8891:
8886:
8856:
8851:
8788:
8785:
8755:
8750:
8724:
8585:Lublin Triangle
8363:
8358:
8328:
8323:
8311:
8299:
8287:
8275:
8263:
8251:
8239:
8227:
8215:
8203:
8195:
8191:Leaders of the
8189:
8159:
8154:
8136:
8057:
8036:
8027:2011 FTA Treaty
8000:
7969:
7919:
7902:
7881:
7861:
7801:
7721:
7695:
7690:
7633:
7628:
7627:
7617:
7615:
7611:
7604:
7600:
7599:
7595:
7585:
7583:
7579:
7572:
7568:
7567:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7552:
7542:
7540:
7531:
7530:
7526:
7516:
7514:
7505:
7504:
7500:
7490:
7488:
7483:. Rbcnews.com.
7479:
7478:
7474:
7470:(27 April 2010)
7464:Wayback Machine
7455:
7448:
7439:
7438:
7431:
7421:
7419:
7414:
7413:
7409:
7399:
7397:
7392:
7391:
7387:
7377:
7375:
7370:
7369:
7362:
7352:
7350:
7339:
7335:
7325:
7323:
7322:on 27 June 2020
7310:
7309:
7305:
7295:
7293:
7280:
7279:
7275:
7265:Wayback Machine
7256:
7252:
7242:Wayback Machine
7233:
7229:
7219:Wayback Machine
7210:
7206:
7200:Razumkov Centre
7196:Wayback Machine
7187:
7180:
7170:
7168:
7157:
7153:
7143:
7141:
7128:
7127:
7123:
7118:Wayback Machine
7109:
7105:
7095:
7093:
7092:on 10 July 2012
7084:
7083:
7079:
7069:
7067:
7052:
7051:
7047:
7014:
7010:
7001:
7000:
6996:
6990:Wayback Machine
6981:
6977:
6971:Wayback Machine
6962:
6958:
6952:Wayback Machine
6943:
6939:
6929:
6927:
6912:
6911:
6907:
6901:Wayback Machine
6892:
6888:
6882:Wayback Machine
6873:
6869:
6863:Wayback Machine
6854:
6850:
6844:Wayback Machine
6835:
6831:
6822:
6821:
6817:
6807:
6805:
6797:
6796:
6792:
6784:
6780:
6779:
6775:
6766:
6765:
6761:
6744:
6743:
6736:
6727:
6726:
6719:
6709:
6707:
6699:
6698:
6694:
6684:
6682:
6678:
6671:
6667:
6666:
6662:
6653:
6652:
6648:
6638:
6636:
6632:
6631:
6627:
6617:
6615:
6602:
6601:
6597:
6587:
6585:
6576:
6575:
6571:
6561:
6559:
6555:
6548:
6544:
6543:
6539:
6534:. 27 June 2023.
6530:
6529:
6525:
6517:
6513:
6512:
6508:
6498:
6496:
6487:
6486:
6482:
6472:
6470:
6461:
6460:
6456:
6451:
6447:
6439:
6435:
6408:Foreign Affairs
6400:
6396:
6390:Wayback Machine
6381:
6377:
6367:
6365:
6356:
6355:
6351:
6340:
6336:
6328:
6324:
6319:Wayback Machine
6299:
6295:
6289:Wayback Machine
6280:
6276:
6268:
6264:
6258:Wayback Machine
6249:
6245:
6230:
6226:
6217:
6216:
6212:
6203:
6202:
6198:
6189:
6188:
6184:
6174:
6172:
6163:
6162:
6158:
6148:
6146:
6141:. 2 June 2018.
6133:
6132:
6128:
6118:
6116:
6115:on 21 July 2018
6107:
6106:
6102:
6092:
6090:
6081:
6080:
6076:
6066:
6064:
6051:
6050:
6046:
6036:Wayback Machine
6027:
6023:
6013:Wayback Machine
6004:
5997:
5987:
5985:
5972:
5971:
5967:
5957:
5955:
5942:
5941:
5937:
5927:
5925:
5924:on 14 July 2014
5912:
5911:
5907:
5897:
5895:
5886:
5885:
5881:
5871:
5869:
5854:
5853:
5849:
5843:Wayback Machine
5834:
5830:
5820:
5818:
5816:
5802:
5801:
5797:
5787:
5785:
5778:
5762:
5758:
5748:
5746:
5733:(19 May 2018).
5728:
5724:
5714:
5712:
5705:
5689:
5685:
5675:
5673:
5660:
5659:
5655:
5649:Wayback Machine
5640:
5636:
5629:
5624:
5620:
5610:
5608:
5604:
5597:
5593:
5592:
5588:
5578:
5576:
5563:
5562:
5555:
5546:
5545:
5541:
5532:
5531:
5527:
5518:
5517:
5513:
5508:. 20 July 2023.
5504:
5503:
5499:
5489:
5487:
5484:Ziarul de Gardă
5476:
5472:
5462:
5460:
5451:
5450:
5446:
5436:
5434:
5421:
5420:
5416:
5406:
5404:
5391:
5390:
5386:
5376:
5374:
5361:
5360:
5356:
5346:
5344:
5331:
5330:
5326:
5316:
5314:
5301:
5300:
5296:
5292:. 25 March 2014
5286:Wayback Machine
5277:
5273:
5263:
5261:
5246:
5245:
5241:
5231:
5229:
5218:
5214:
5204:
5202:
5194:Financial Times
5183:
5179:
5169:
5167:
5158:
5157:
5150:
5142:
5138:
5137:
5110:
5092:
5088:
5077:
5075:
5067:
5066:
5062:
5052:
5050:
5035:
5031:
5023:Wayback Machine
5014:
5010:
5000:
4998:
4989:
4988:
4981:
4971:
4969:
4964:. Cisstat.com.
4958:
4954:
4944:
4942:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4910:
4906:
4896:Wayback Machine
4887:
4880:
4855:
4851:
4838:
4834:
4824:
4822:
4807:
4803:
4796:
4792:
4785:
4781:
4771:
4769:
4756:
4755:
4748:
4738:
4736:
4727:
4726:
4717:
4707:
4705:
4692:
4691:
4687:
4677:
4675:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4647:
4645:
4630:
4626:
4617:
4613:
4603:
4601:
4588:
4587:
4583:
4573:
4571:
4562:
4561:
4557:
4543:
4541:
4534:
4509:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4494:
4471:
4467:
4462:
4444:Lublin Triangle
4393:
4388:
4386:
4381:Politics portal
4379:
4372:
4365:
4360:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4341:
4336:
4330:
4306:disputed states
4302:
4296:
4257:
4252:
4246:
4161:
4155:
4150:
4138:Main articles:
4136:
4111:
4104:
4074:
4072:
4066:
4059:
4056:
4047:
4040:
4031:
4028:
3514:
3508:
3499:
3491:
3483:
3474:
3423:
3421:Life expectancy
3406:
3404:Cultural events
3394:first CIS games
3292:
3248:
3150:
3145:
3137:
3129:Main articles:
3127:
3094:
3088:
3064:
3038:
3032:
3007:
3005:free trade area
2999:Main articles:
2997:
2988:
2980:Main articles:
2978:
2630:
2626:GDP per capita
2622:
2606:
2593:
2587:
2558:Viktor Samsonov
2534:
2518:Main articles:
2516:
2480:
2463:
2407:3 December 1993
2402:3 December 1993
2390:
2388:
2372:
2367:
2356:
2300:successor state
2257:8 December 1991
2244:
2242:
2241:
2231:
2226:
2191:
2140:
2138:
2130:Associate from
2109:
2063:
2050:9 February 1994
2028:
2026:
1995:
1993:
1974:8 December 1991
1962:
1960:
1954:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1892:
1890:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1846:18 January 1994
1836:8 December 1991
1824:
1822:
1791:
1789:
1758:
1756:
1743:
1732:
1692:
1662:In March 2007,
1633:
1596:
1575:
1558:
1541:
1527:
1517:
1500:
1486:
1476:
1468:
1449:
1443:
1418:
1269:
1253:Communist Party
1172:Signing of the
1166:
1161:
1141:Main articles:
1139:
1004:
994:
987:
986:
941:
910:
902:
894:
891:
890:
888:Associate state
887:
883:
875:
848:Kyrgyzstani som
820:
819:
816:
808:
797:
796:
795:
789:
777:
767:
755:
743:
733:
717:
705:
696:
695:
686:
671:
652:
650:Free Trade Area
642:22 January 1993
639:
637:Charter adopted
626:
616:8 December 1991
613:
608:
573:
557:
546:
544:
541:
540:
537:
533:
522:
520:
509:
507:
496:
494:
482:
480:
469:
467:
456:
454:
443:
441:
430:
428:
417:
415:
412:
411:
409:9 member states
408:
369:
351:
346:
341:
340:
339:
331:
330:
325:
324:
313:
312:
311:
306:
298:
297:
292:
279:
278:
277:
268:
263:
254:
249:
240:
235:
227:
218:
213:
204:
199:
190:
185:
177:
168:
163:
160:
159:
154:
148:
146:
145:Commonwealth of
135:
124:
118:
115:
72:
70:
60:
48:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11977:
11967:
11966:
11961:
11956:
11951:
11946:
11941:
11936:
11934:Confederations
11931:
11926:
11909:
11908:
11906:
11905:
11895:
11880:
11877:
11876:
11873:
11872:
11870:
11869:
11864:
11863:
11862:
11852:
11851:
11850:
11840:
11839:
11838:
11827:
11825:
11821:
11820:
11818:
11817:
11816:
11815:
11803:
11801:
11795:
11794:
11792:
11791:
11786:
11781:
11776:
11771:
11766:
11761:
11756:
11755:
11754:
11744:
11739:
11734:
11729:
11723:
11721:
11715:
11714:
11712:
11711:
11706:
11701:
11700:
11699:
11694:
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11582:
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11574:
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11563:
11561:Rail transport
11558:
11556:Railway system
11548:
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11525:
11520:
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11306:
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11276:Deputy Premier
11273:
11268:
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11259:Heads of state
11255:
11253:
11249:
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11224:Supreme Soviet
11221:
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11141:State ideology
11138:
11133:
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11018:
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11009:
11007:Ural Mountains
11004:
10999:
10997:North Caucasus
10994:
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10083:Arctic Council
10079:
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10064:
10059:
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10049:
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10026:Nordic Council
10023:
10018:
10013:
10008:
10002:
10000:
9996:
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9387:
9374:
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9334:
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9325:
9324:
9322:United Nations
9319:
9306:
9301:
9295:
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9289:
9288:
9286:
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9272:
9259:
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9233:
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9029:
9016:
9003:
8990:
8977:
8964:
8951:
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8926:
8925:
8920:
8918:Samarkand 2022
8915:
8910:
8905:
8899:
8897:
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8752:
8751:
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8748:
8743:
8738:
8732:
8730:
8726:
8725:
8723:
8722:
8717:
8712:
8710:Visegrád Group
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8677:
8672:
8667:
8662:
8657:
8652:
8647:
8642:
8637:
8632:
8627:
8622:
8617:
8612:
8607:
8602:
8600:Nordic Council
8597:
8592:
8587:
8582:
8577:
8572:
8567:
8562:
8557:
8552:
8547:
8545:European Union
8542:
8537:
8532:
8527:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8507:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8482:
8477:
8472:
8467:
8462:
8457:
8452:
8450:Bucharest Nine
8447:
8442:
8437:
8432:
8427:
8422:
8417:
8412:
8407:
8402:
8397:
8392:
8390:Arctic Council
8387:
8382:
8377:
8371:
8369:
8365:
8364:
8357:
8356:
8349:
8342:
8334:
8325:
8324:
8322:
8321:
8309:
8307:Berdimuhamedow
8297:
8285:
8273:
8261:
8249:
8237:
8225:
8213:
8200:
8197:
8196:
8188:
8187:
8180:
8173:
8165:
8156:
8155:
8153:
8152:
8141:
8138:
8137:
8135:
8134:
8129:
8124:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8107:Russian Empire
8104:
8099:
8094:
8089:
8084:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8065:
8063:
8059:
8058:
8056:
8055:
8050:
8044:
8042:
8038:
8037:
8035:
8034:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8017:Economic Court
8014:
8008:
8006:
8002:
8001:
7999:
7998:
7993:
7988:
7983:
7977:
7975:
7971:
7970:
7968:
7967:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7947:
7942:
7937:
7931:
7929:
7925:
7924:
7921:
7920:
7918:
7917:
7910:
7908:
7904:
7903:
7901:
7900:
7895:
7889:
7887:
7883:
7882:
7880:
7879:
7873:
7871:
7863:
7862:
7860:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7844:
7839:
7834:
7829:
7824:
7819:
7813:
7811:
7803:
7802:
7800:
7799:
7794:
7789:
7784:
7779:
7774:
7769:
7764:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7743:
7741:
7731:
7723:
7722:
7720:
7719:
7713:
7707:
7700:
7697:
7696:
7689:
7688:
7681:
7674:
7666:
7660:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7632:
7631:External links
7629:
7626:
7625:
7593:
7560:
7559:
7557:
7554:
7551:
7550:
7539:on 10 May 2011
7524:
7498:
7472:
7446:
7429:
7407:
7385:
7360:
7333:
7303:
7273:
7271:(9 March 2010)
7250:
7227:
7204:
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6994:
6975:
6956:
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6905:
6886:
6867:
6848:
6829:
6815:
6790:
6773:
6759:
6750:economy.gov.by
6734:
6717:
6692:
6681:on 16 May 2011
6660:
6646:
6625:
6595:
6569:
6537:
6523:
6506:
6480:
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6445:
6433:
6394:
6375:
6349:
6344:New York Times
6334:
6322:
6293:
6274:
6262:
6243:
6224:
6210:
6196:
6182:
6156:
6126:
6100:
6074:
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6021:
5995:
5978:Verkhovna Rada
5965:
5948:Verkhovna Rada
5935:
5905:
5879:
5847:
5828:
5814:
5795:
5776:
5756:
5745:on 20 May 2018
5722:
5703:
5697:. SUNY Press.
5683:
5668:(in Russian).
5666:minjust.gov.ua
5653:
5634:
5618:
5586:
5553:
5539:
5525:
5511:
5497:
5470:
5444:
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5384:
5354:
5324:
5294:
5271:
5239:
5228:on 18 May 2015
5212:
5177:
5148:
5108:
5086:
5060:
5029:
5008:
4979:
4952:
4926:
4904:
4878:
4849:
4847:, pp 356 – 365
4832:
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4779:
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4340:
4337:
4332:Main article:
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4326:
4298:Main article:
4295:
4292:
4256:
4253:
4248:Main article:
4245:
4242:
4205:Verkhovna Rada
4157:Main article:
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4132:
4068:Main article:
4065:
4062:
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3405:
3402:
3367:belt wrestling
3345:) was held in
3320:CIS bandy team
3316:UEFA Euro 1992
3291:
3288:
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2507:Vladimir Putin
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2422:18 August 2009
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2195:Verkhovna Rada
2190:
2189:Founding state
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2045:4 January 1992
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2019:
2017:14 August 1993
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1785:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1741:
1738:
1731:
1728:
1691:
1688:
1680:European Union
1632:
1629:
1616:Tauride Palace
1595:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1583:Sergei Lebedev
1572:
1571:
1568:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1445:Main article:
1442:
1439:
1417:
1414:
1268:
1265:
1257:attempted coup
1186:Russian Empire
1165:
1162:
1147:Russian Empire
1138:
1135:
1006:
1005:
999:
996:
995:
982:
979:
978:
939:
933:
932:
929:
923:
922:
908:
904:
903:
901:
900:
886:
885:
884:
882:
881:
873:
867:
861:
855:
845:
839:
833:
827:
815:
814:
813:
806:
802:
801:
792:
782:
781:
778:
775:
772:
771:
770:$ 2.5 trillion
768:
765:
762:
761:
758:
748:
747:
744:
741:
738:
737:
736:$ 5.5 trillion
734:
731:
728:
727:
724:
710:
709:
706:
704:• Density
703:
700:
699:
687:
684:
681:
680:
676:
675:
672:
669:
666:
665:
661:
660:
657:
656:
653:
647:
644:
643:
640:
634:
631:
630:
627:
621:
618:
617:
614:
606:
603:
602:
599:
598:
594:
593:
588:
584:
583:
580:
579:
577:Sergey Lebedev
574:
571:
568:
567:
564:
563:
559:
558:
556:
555:
536:
535:
534:
532:
531:
518:
505:
492:
478:
465:
452:
439:
426:
407:
406:
405:
403:
399:
398:
393:
389:
388:
383:
379:
378:
375:
371:
370:
368:
367:
362:
356:
354:
348:
347:
323:
315:
314:
307:
300:
299:
293:
286:
285:
284:
281:
280:
276:
275:
261:
247:
233:
225:
211:
197:
183:
175:
153:
152:
151:
150:
149:
144:
137:
136:
51:
49:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11976:
11965:
11962:
11960:
11957:
11955:
11952:
11950:
11947:
11945:
11942:
11940:
11937:
11935:
11932:
11930:
11927:
11925:
11922:
11921:
11919:
11904:
11896:
11894:
11893:
11882:
11881:
11878:
11868:
11865:
11861:
11858:
11857:
11856:
11853:
11849:
11846:
11845:
11844:
11841:
11837:
11834:
11833:
11832:
11829:
11828:
11826:
11822:
11814:
11811:
11810:
11808:
11805:
11804:
11802:
11800:
11796:
11790:
11787:
11785:
11782:
11780:
11777:
11775:
11772:
11770:
11767:
11765:
11764:Printed media
11762:
11760:
11757:
11753:
11750:
11749:
11748:
11745:
11743:
11740:
11738:
11735:
11733:
11730:
11728:
11725:
11724:
11722:
11720:
11716:
11710:
11707:
11705:
11702:
11698:
11697:Cyrillisation
11695:
11693:
11690:
11689:
11688:
11685:
11683:
11680:
11678:
11675:
11671:
11668:
11666:
11665:Working class
11663:
11661:
11660:Soviet people
11658:
11657:
11656:
11653:
11651:
11648:
11646:
11643:
11642:
11639:
11636:
11634:
11630:
11622:
11619:
11618:
11617:
11614:
11612:
11609:
11607:
11604:
11602:
11599:
11597:
11594:
11592:
11589:
11587:
11584:
11583:
11581:
11579:
11575:
11567:
11564:
11562:
11559:
11557:
11554:
11553:
11552:
11549:
11547:
11541:
11539:
11536:
11534:
11531:
11529:
11526:
11524:
11521:
11519:
11516:
11514:
11511:
11509:
11508:Energy policy
11506:
11504:
11501:
11499:
11496:
11494:
11491:
11490:
11488:
11486:
11482:
11472:
11469:
11467:
11464:
11462:
11459:
11457:
11454:
11453:
11451:
11449:
11445:
11439:
11436:
11434:
11431:
11427:
11424:
11423:
11422:
11419:
11417:
11414:
11412:
11409:
11407:
11404:
11402:
11399:
11397:
11394:
11393:
11391:
11389:
11385:
11377:
11373:
11369:
11365:
11361:
11358:
11357:
11356:
11353:
11349:
11346:
11344:
11341:
11340:
11339:
11336:
11334:
11331:
11327:
11324:
11323:
11322:
11319:
11315:
11312:
11311:
11310:
11307:
11305:
11302:
11300:
11297:
11296:
11294:
11292:
11288:
11282:
11279:
11277:
11274:
11272:
11269:
11265:
11262:
11261:
11260:
11257:
11256:
11254:
11250:
11242:
11239:
11238:
11237:
11236:Supreme Court
11234:
11231:
11228:
11225:
11222:
11219:
11216:
11212:
11209:
11205:
11202:
11200:
11197:
11196:
11195:
11192:
11190:
11187:
11185:
11182:
11181:
11180:
11177:
11176:
11174:
11170:
11164:
11161:
11157:
11154:
11152:
11149:
11147:
11144:
11143:
11142:
11139:
11137:
11134:
11132:
11129:
11127:
11124:
11120:
11117:
11116:
11115:
11112:
11110:
11107:
11105:
11102:
11098:
11095:
11094:
11093:
11090:
11086:
11083:
11082:
11081:
11078:
11076:
11073:
11069:
11066:
11065:
11064:
11061:
11059:
11056:
11052:
11049:
11047:
11044:
11043:
11042:
11039:
11038:
11036:
11032:
11029:
11027:
11023:
11013:
11010:
11008:
11005:
11003:
11000:
10998:
10995:
10993:
10990:
10988:
10985:
10983:
10980:
10979:
10977:
10973:
10967:
10964:
10962:
10959:
10955:
10952:
10951:
10950:
10947:
10945:
10942:
10938:
10935:
10934:
10933:
10930:
10929:
10927:
10925:
10921:
10918:
10916:
10912:
10906:
10903:
10901:
10898:
10896:
10893:
10891:
10888:
10886:
10883:
10881:
10878:
10876:
10873:
10871:
10868:
10866:
10863:
10861:
10858:
10856:
10853:
10851:
10848:
10846:
10843:
10839:
10838:The Holocaust
10836:
10834:
10831:
10830:
10828:
10825:
10823:
10820:
10818:
10815:
10813:
10810:
10808:
10805:
10803:
10800:
10798:
10795:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10783:
10782:
10781:
10778:
10776:
10773:
10772:
10770:
10768:
10764:
10759:
10752:
10747:
10745:
10740:
10738:
10733:
10732:
10729:
10715:
10714:Yugoslav Wars
10712:
10711:
10710:
10707:
10705:
10702:
10700:
10697:
10695:
10692:
10690:
10687:
10685:
10682:
10680:
10677:
10675:
10672:
10670:
10667:
10665:
10662:
10660:
10657:
10655:
10654:
10650:
10648:
10645:
10644:
10642:
10638:
10632:
10629:
10627:
10624:
10622:
10619:
10617:
10614:
10612:
10609:
10606:
10602:
10599:
10598:
10596:
10592:
10586:
10583:
10581:
10577:
10573:
10570:
10568:
10565:
10563:
10560:
10558:
10555:
10553:
10549:
10548:Prague Spring
10546:
10544:
10541:
10539:
10536:
10534:
10531:
10529:
10526:
10524:
10521:
10519:
10516:
10514:
10511:
10510:
10508:
10500:
10494:
10488:
10486:
10480:
10478:
10475:
10473:
10470:
10468:
10465:
10464:
10462:
10460:Organizations
10458:
10452:
10446:
10444:
10441:
10439:
10436:
10434:
10431:
10429:
10426:
10424:
10421:
10419:
10416:
10414:
10408:
10407:
10405:
10401:
10395:
10392:
10390:
10387:
10385:
10382:
10380:
10377:
10373:
10370:
10368:
10365:
10363:
10362:Baltic states
10360:
10358:
10355:
10354:
10353:
10350:
10348:
10345:
10344:
10342:
10338:
10331:
10328:
10326:
10323:
10322:
10318:
10314:
10307:
10302:
10300:
10295:
10293:
10288:
10287:
10284:
10264:
10261:
10260:
10258:
10254:
10248:
10245:
10243:
10240:
10238:
10235:
10233:
10230:
10228:
10225:
10223:
10220:
10218:
10215:
10213:
10210:
10208:
10205:
10203:
10200:
10198:
10195:
10193:
10190:
10188:
10185:
10183:
10180:
10178:
10175:
10173:
10170:
10169:
10167:
10163:
10157:
10154:
10152:
10149:
10147:
10144:
10142:
10139:
10137:
10134:
10133:
10131:
10127:
10121:
10118:
10117:
10115:
10111:
10105:
10102:
10101:
10099:
10095:
10089:
10086:
10084:
10081:
10080:
10078:
10074:
10068:
10065:
10063:
10060:
10058:
10055:
10053:
10050:
10048:
10045:
10044:
10042:
10038:
10032:
10029:
10027:
10024:
10022:
10019:
10017:
10014:
10012:
10009:
10007:
10004:
10003:
10001:
9997:
9991:
9988:
9986:
9983:
9981:
9978:
9976:
9973:
9971:
9968:
9966:
9963:
9961:
9958:
9956:
9953:
9951:
9948:
9947:
9945:
9941:
9935:
9932:
9930:
9927:
9925:
9922:
9920:
9917:
9915:
9912:
9910:
9907:
9905:
9902:
9900:
9897:
9896:
9894:
9890:
9884:
9881:
9879:
9876:
9874:
9871:
9870:
9868:
9864:
9858:
9855:
9853:
9852:African Union
9850:
9849:
9847:
9843:
9839:
9834:
9829:
9825:
9815:
9812:
9810:
9807:
9806:
9804:
9800:
9794:
9791:
9789:
9786:
9784:
9781:
9779:
9776:
9774:
9771:
9769:
9766:
9764:
9761:
9759:
9756:
9754:
9751:
9749:
9746:
9744:
9741:
9739:
9736:
9732:
9729:
9728:
9727:
9724:
9722:
9719:
9718:
9716:
9712:
9706:
9703:
9701:
9698:
9696:
9693:
9691:
9688:
9687:
9685:
9681:
9675:
9672:
9668:
9665:
9663:
9660:
9659:
9658:
9655:
9652:
9648:
9645:
9644:
9642:
9640:
9636:
9630:
9627:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9607:
9605:
9602:
9600:
9597:
9595:
9592:
9591:
9589:
9585:
9579:
9576:
9574:
9571:
9569:
9566:
9564:
9563:
9559:
9557:
9554:
9552:
9549:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9534:
9532:
9529:
9527:
9524:
9522:
9519:
9518:
9516:
9514:
9510:
9506:
9502:
9495:
9490:
9488:
9483:
9481:
9476:
9475:
9472:
9458:
9455:
9453:
9450:
9449:
9448:
9445:
9443:
9440:
9438:
9435:
9433:
9430:
9428:
9427:Member states
9425:
9424:
9422:
9418:
9412:
9401:
9399:
9388:
9386:
9375:
9373:
9362:
9360:
9349:
9347:
9336:
9335:
9333:
9329:
9323:
9320:
9318:
9307:
9305:
9302:
9300:
9297:
9296:
9294:
9290:
9284:
9273:
9271:
9260:
9258:
9247:
9245:
9234:
9232:
9221:
9219:
9208:
9206:
9195:
9193:
9182:
9180:
9169:
9167:
9156:
9154:
9143:
9141:
9130:
9128:
9117:
9115:
9104:
9103:
9101:
9097:
9091:
9080:
9079:
9077:
9073:
9067:
9056:
9054:
9043:
9041:
9030:
9028:
9017:
9015:
9004:
9002:
8991:
8989:
8978:
8976:
8965:
8963:
8952:
8950:
8939:
8938:
8936:
8934:
8933:Member states
8930:
8924:
8921:
8919:
8916:
8914:
8911:
8909:
8908:Dushanbe 2014
8906:
8904:
8901:
8900:
8898:
8894:
8890:
8883:
8878:
8876:
8871:
8869:
8864:
8863:
8860:
8848:
8845:
8843:
8840:
8838:
8835:
8833:
8830:
8826:
8823:
8821:
8818:
8817:
8816:
8813:
8808:
8805:
8803:
8800:
8798:
8795:
8794:
8791:
8782:
8777:
8775:
8770:
8768:
8763:
8762:
8759:
8747:
8744:
8742:
8739:
8737:
8734:
8733:
8731:
8727:
8721:
8718:
8716:
8713:
8711:
8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8688:
8686:
8683:
8681:
8678:
8676:
8673:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8663:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8648:
8646:
8643:
8641:
8638:
8636:
8633:
8631:
8628:
8626:
8623:
8621:
8618:
8616:
8613:
8611:
8608:
8606:
8603:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8591:
8588:
8586:
8583:
8581:
8578:
8576:
8573:
8571:
8568:
8566:
8563:
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8558:
8556:
8553:
8551:
8548:
8546:
8543:
8541:
8538:
8536:
8533:
8531:
8528:
8526:
8523:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8515:Craiova Group
8513:
8511:
8508:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8486:
8483:
8481:
8478:
8476:
8473:
8471:
8468:
8466:
8463:
8461:
8458:
8456:
8453:
8451:
8448:
8446:
8443:
8441:
8438:
8436:
8433:
8431:
8428:
8426:
8423:
8421:
8418:
8416:
8413:
8411:
8408:
8406:
8403:
8401:
8398:
8396:
8393:
8391:
8388:
8386:
8383:
8381:
8378:
8376:
8375:African Union
8373:
8372:
8370:
8366:
8362:
8355:
8350:
8348:
8343:
8341:
8336:
8335:
8332:
8320:
8315:
8310:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8296:
8291:
8286:
8284:
8279:
8274:
8272:
8267:
8262:
8260:
8255:
8250:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8236:
8231:
8226:
8224:
8219:
8214:
8212:
8207:
8202:
8201:
8198:
8194:
8186:
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8179:
8174:
8172:
8167:
8166:
8163:
8151:
8143:
8142:
8139:
8133:
8130:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8120:
8118:
8115:
8113:
8110:
8108:
8105:
8103:
8100:
8098:
8095:
8093:
8090:
8088:
8085:
8083:
8080:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8070:
8067:
8066:
8064:
8060:
8054:
8051:
8049:
8046:
8045:
8043:
8039:
8033:
8030:
8028:
8025:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8015:
8013:
8010:
8009:
8007:
8003:
7997:
7994:
7992:
7989:
7987:
7984:
7982:
7979:
7978:
7976:
7972:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7951:
7948:
7946:
7943:
7941:
7938:
7936:
7933:
7932:
7930:
7926:
7915:
7912:
7911:
7909:
7905:
7899:
7896:
7894:
7891:
7890:
7888:
7884:
7878:
7875:
7874:
7872:
7869:
7864:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7825:
7823:
7820:
7818:
7815:
7814:
7812:
7809:
7804:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7790:
7788:
7785:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7775:
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7163:. Rferl.org.
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6193:. 3 May 2023.
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5045:. Rferl.org.
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4638:Радіо Свобода
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4395:Russia portal
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4367:Europe portal
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4234:single market
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4185:supranational
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4108:Euler diagram
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3359:mas-wrestling
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3175:Controversies
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2667:
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2661:
2657:
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2631:Index (2019)
2610:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2602:Economic data
2599:
2596:
2592:
2582:
2578:
2575:
2573:
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2553:
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2412:19 April 1994
2410:
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2314:
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2291:
2280:
2277:
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2271:
2270:
2268:
2266:Not ratified
2265:
2260:
2255:
2252:
2239:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2186:
2184:
2178:
2175:
2166:
2163:
2161:Not ratified
2160:
2155:
2150:
2148:
2136:
2116:
2113:
2104:
2101:
2097:
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2085:
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2068:
2053:
2048:
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2036:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2003:
1991:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1970:
1958:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1934:
1921:
1917:
1914:12 April 1994
1912:
1907:
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1900:
1888:
1884:
1881:20 April 1994
1879:
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1801:
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1780:16 March 1994
1778:
1773:
1768:
1766:
1754:
1735:
1730:Member states
1727:
1724:
1718:
1706:
1704:
1703:member states
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1620:St Petersburg
1617:
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1586:
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1462:
1459:
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1438:
1435:
1430:
1422:
1413:
1411:
1410:privatisation
1407:
1403:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1389:, which were
1388:
1387:Baltic states
1384:
1380:
1377:) signed the
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1333:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1307:Ukrainian SSR
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1282:
1273:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1222:Ukrainian SSR
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1175:
1170:
1160:
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1128:
1124:
1120:
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1108:
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1100:
1095:
1093:
1089:
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1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
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1057:
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1049:
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1036:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1002:
997:
992:
985:
980:
977:
973:
969:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
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938:
934:
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928:
924:
920:
916:
913:
909:
905:
897:
893:
892:
878:
874:
871:
868:
865:
864:Russian ruble
862:
859:
856:
853:
849:
846:
843:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
824:Armenian dram
822:
821:
817:Member states
811:
807:
803:
793:
787:
783:
779:
773:
769:
763:
759:
753:
749:
745:
739:
735:
729:
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721:
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711:
707:
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688:
682:
677:
673:
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662:
658:
654:
651:
645:
641:
638:
632:
628:
625:
619:
615:
611:
604:
600:
597:Establishment
595:
592:
589:
585:
581:
578:
575:
569:
565:
560:
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543:
542:
530:
519:
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451:
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349:
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321:
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133:
130:
122:
111:
108:
104:
101:
97:
94:
90:
87:
83:
80: –
79:
75:
74:Find sources:
68:
64:
58:
57:
52:This article
50:
46:
41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
11883:
11655:Demographics
11645:Antisemitism
11498:Central Bank
11416:Forced labor
11364:Spetsnaz GRU
11184:organisation
11092:Human rights
11041:Constitution
10924:Subdivisions
10802:Russian SFSR
10758:Soviet Union
10651:
10325:Soviet Union
10313:Eastern Bloc
10165:Non–regional
10046:
9560:
9317:Turkmenistan
9303:
9244:Saudi Arabia
8903:Beijing 2012
8814:
8474:
8405:Asia Council
8192:
8112:Soviet Union
8041:Organization
7877:Turkmenistan
7787:Turkmenistan
7728:Participants
7692:
7616:. Retrieved
7596:
7584:. Retrieved
7564:
7541:. Retrieved
7537:the original
7527:
7515:. Retrieved
7501:
7489:. Retrieved
7475:
7420:. Retrieved
7410:
7398:. Retrieved
7388:
7376:. Retrieved
7351:. Retrieved
7347:the original
7336:
7324:. Retrieved
7320:the original
7315:
7306:
7294:. Retrieved
7290:the original
7285:
7276:
7253:
7230:
7207:
7169:. Retrieved
7154:
7142:. Retrieved
7133:
7124:
7106:
7094:. Retrieved
7090:the original
7080:
7068:. Retrieved
7057:
7048:
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6997:
6978:
6959:
6940:
6928:. Retrieved
6917:
6908:
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6870:
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6832:
6818:
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6803:cis.minsk.by
6802:
6793:
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6762:
6754:the original
6749:
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6705:cis.minsk.by
6704:
6695:
6683:. Retrieved
6676:the original
6663:
6649:
6637:. Retrieved
6628:
6616:. Retrieved
6607:
6598:
6586:. Retrieved
6582:the original
6572:
6562:25 September
6560:. Retrieved
6553:the original
6540:
6526:
6509:
6497:. Retrieved
6483:
6471:. Retrieved
6467:the original
6457:
6448:
6442:Google Books
6436:
6411:
6407:
6397:
6378:
6366:. Retrieved
6362:the original
6352:
6343:
6337:
6325:
6309:
6304:
6296:
6277:
6265:
6246:
6238:PravdaReport
6237:
6227:
6213:
6199:
6185:
6173:. Retrieved
6159:
6147:. Retrieved
6129:
6117:. Retrieved
6113:the original
6103:
6091:. Retrieved
6077:
6065:. Retrieved
6047:
6024:
5986:. Retrieved
5968:
5956:. Retrieved
5938:
5926:. Retrieved
5922:the original
5908:
5898:25 September
5896:. Retrieved
5882:
5870:. Retrieved
5859:
5850:
5831:
5821:25 September
5819:. Retrieved
5804:
5798:
5788:25 September
5786:. Retrieved
5766:
5759:
5747:. Retrieved
5743:the original
5738:
5725:
5715:25 September
5713:. Retrieved
5693:
5686:
5674:. Retrieved
5665:
5656:
5637:
5630:(in Russian)
5621:
5609:. Retrieved
5589:
5577:. Retrieved
5568:
5542:
5528:
5514:
5500:
5488:. Retrieved
5483:
5473:
5461:. Retrieved
5456:
5447:
5435:. Retrieved
5417:
5405:. Retrieved
5387:
5375:. Retrieved
5357:
5345:. Retrieved
5341:the original
5327:
5315:. Retrieved
5311:the original
5297:
5274:
5262:. Retrieved
5253:Moscow Times
5251:
5242:
5230:. Retrieved
5226:the original
5215:
5203:. Retrieved
5192:
5180:
5168:. Retrieved
5102:
5097:
5089:
5076:. Retrieved
5072:
5063:
5051:. Retrieved
5042:
5032:
5025:
5011:
4999:. Retrieved
4970:. Retrieved
4955:
4943:. Retrieved
4929:
4919:
4915:
4907:
4899:
4871:
4867:
4852:
4835:
4823:. Retrieved
4814:
4804:
4793:
4782:
4770:. Retrieved
4761:
4737:. Retrieved
4706:. Retrieved
4697:
4688:
4676:. Retrieved
4667:
4658:
4646:. Retrieved
4637:
4627:
4614:
4602:. Retrieved
4598:the original
4593:
4584:
4572:. Retrieved
4567:
4558:
4549:
4542:. Retrieved
4519:
4506:
4468:
4454:Unified Team
4434:Eastern Bloc
4318:Transnistria
4303:
4272:Turkmenistan
4258:
4227:
4203:
4201:
4181:Novo-Ogarevo
4162:
4106:A clickable
3920:Turkmenistan
3424:
3407:
3398:second games
3392:In 2021 the
3391:
3375:bandy (rink)
3336:
3314:competed in
3300:Unified Team
3293:
3278:. After the
3268:Transnistria
3249:
3178:
3174:
3173:
3170:
3165:
3151:
3138:
3119:
3111:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3056:
3050:
3047:
3016:
3010:
3008:
2989:
2872:145,102,755
2605:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2579:
2576:
2571:
2569:
2562:
2554:
2550:
2543:
2499:Central Asia
2496:
2485:
2481:
2478:Human rights
2443:
2435:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2328:
2321:
2305:
2296:
2213:
2206:
2203:
2192:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2164:August 2005
2147:Turkmenistan
2110:
2102:
2098:
2086:
2074:Nicu Popescu
2071:
2064:
2012:26 June 1993
1984:20 July 1993
1949:27 June 1994
1944:8 April 1994
1909:6 March 1992
1707:
1700:
1673:
1671:Federation.
1661:
1653:
1649:Askar Akayev
1634:
1613:
1597:
1450:
1431:
1427:
1399:
1367:Turkmenistan
1343:
1303:Russian SFSR
1288:
1241:Soviet Union
1230:
1206:Soviet Union
1179:
1155:Soviet Union
1096:
1058:was signed.
1037:
1032:Soviet Union
1015:
1011:
1009:
1001:Soviet ruble
983:
937:Internet TLD
858:Moldovan leu
851:
809:
766:• Total
732:• Total
670:• Total
553:Turkmenistan
374:Largest city
155:
125:
116:
106:
99:
92:
85:
73:
61:Please help
56:verification
53:
36:
11759:Phraseology
11704:Prohibition
11692:Linguistics
11677:Drug policy
11670:1989 census
11591:Cybernetics
11493:Agriculture
11406:Great Purge
11368:Soviet Navy
11360:Soviet Army
11232:(1989–1991)
11226:(1938–1991)
11220:(1922–1936)
11204:Secretariat
11075:Gun control
10982:Caspian Sea
10966:Closed city
10895:Dissolution
10880:Perestroika
10822:Great Purge
10640:Dissolution
10580:Martial law
10503:Revolts and
10477:Warsaw Pact
9873:Arab League
9866:Africa–Asia
9639:Geopolitics
9614:Least Great
9562:Realpolitik
9432:Three Evils
8923:Astana 2024
8913:Astana 2017
8610:Open Balkan
8385:Arab League
8102:Union State
7916:(1993–2009)
7868:CIS Charter
7808:CIS Charter
7716:CIS Charter
7296:30 November
7286:sportuln.ru
7144:27 December
6808:6 September
6710:6 September
6301:CIS Charter
5988:26 December
5958:30 November
5094:CIS Charter
5078:10 December
4762:seenews.com
4739:30 November
4409:Eurasianism
4353:Asia portal
4250:Union State
3229:stated the
3203:elections".
2942:34,081,449
2939:Uzbekistan
2904:Tajikistan
2799:Kyrgyzstan
2767:19,196,465
2764:Kazakhstan
2697:10,312,992
2694:Azerbaijan
2450:Saakashvili
2342:, the 1992
2338:, the 1992
2334:, the 1996
2199:CIS Charter
1664:Igor Ivanov
1528: [
1487: [
1416:CIS Charter
1233:Perestroika
1216:along with
1159:its history
1119:Union State
1117:); and the
1050:signed the
1028:dissolution
694:245,751,042
587:Legislature
179:Azerbaijani
11918:Categories
11799:Opposition
11789:Television
11769:Propaganda
11742:Literature
11616:Naukograds
11611:Sharashkas
11545:(currency)
11523:Inventions
11466:Censorship
11396:Red Terror
11080:Government
10954:Autonomous
10937:Autonomous
10870:Stagnation
10833:Evacuation
10594:Conditions
10572:Solidarity
10505:opposition
9359:Bangladesh
9331:Applicants
9127:Azerbaijan
9066:Uzbekistan
9053:Tajikistan
9014:Kyrgyzstan
9001:Kazakhstan
8810:(proposed)
8319:Mirziyoyev
8235:Lukashenko
7857:Uzbekistan
7852:Tajikistan
7837:Kyrgyzstan
7832:Kazakhstan
7822:Azerbaijan
7797:Uzbekistan
7782:Tajikistan
7767:Kyrgyzstan
7762:Kazakhstan
7752:Azerbaijan
6930:11 October
6588:14 October
6499:12 January
6175:8 December
5407:29 January
5377:29 January
5347:4 November
5317:4 November
5170:10 October
4922:text here
4874:text here
4825:7 December
4594:mfa.gov.by
4498:References
4276:Uzbekistan
4268:Tajikistan
4264:Kyrgyzstan
4260:Kazakhstan
4197:Kazakhstan
4177:Kazakhstan
3820:Azerbaijan
3770:Kazakhstan
3720:Uzbekistan
3670:Tajikistan
3620:Kyrgyzstan
3438:Countries
3355:tug of war
3264:Kyrgyzstan
3260:Kazakhstan
3214:elections.
3115:Azerbaijan
2907:9,750,064
2881:2,103,400
2878:2,022,000
2875:1,294,381
2837:3,061,506
2802:6,527,743
2732:9,578,167
2662:2,790,974
2621:GDP growth
2589:See also:
2380:Effective
2377:Withdrawn
2094:Igor Grosu
2078:Maia Sandu
2035:Uzbekistan
2002:Tajikistan
1899:Kyrgyzstan
1865:Kazakhstan
1798:Azerbaijan
1690:Membership
1604:Kazakhstan
1549:Yury Yarov
1375:Uzbekistan
1371:Tajikistan
1359:Kyrgyzstan
1355:Kazakhstan
1351:Azerbaijan
1305:, and the
1245:referendum
1192:after the
1182:Russophone
1164:Background
679:Population
529:Uzbekistan
516:Tajikistan
476:Kyrgyzstan
463:Kazakhstan
437:Azerbaijan
402:Membership
187:Belarusian
89:newspapers
11860:Republics
11848:Republics
11836:Republics
11687:Languages
11551:Transport
11433:Holodomor
11326:Militsiya
11264:President
11156:Stalinism
11058:Elections
10932:Republics
10915:Geography
10905:Nostalgia
10817:Stalinism
10653:Die Wende
10626:Economies
10467:Cominform
10450:(to 1948)
10412:(to 1961)
10340:Formation
10330:Communism
9835:by region
9624:Potential
9257:Sri Lanka
8223:Pashinyan
8005:Economics
7468:Kyiv Post
7312:"IFESCCO"
7269:Kyiv Post
7040:1559-744X
6639:27 August
6618:27 August
6414:(2): 62.
6312:text here
6040:Kyiv Post
5861:Kyiv Post
5739:Kyiv Post
5579:12 August
5427:Kyiv Post
5290:Ukrinform
5105:text here
4604:23 August
4574:5 October
4544:20 August
4524:Routledge
4482:romanized
3347:Ulyanovsk
3051:Agreement
2430:of 2008.
2211:in 2011.
2100:Moldova.
1717:romanized
1332:romanized
1068:Lithuania
927:Drives on
907:Time zone
756:(nominal)
11903:Category
11456:Religion
11343:Chairmen
11189:Congress
11151:Leninism
11131:Propiska
11026:Politics
10885:Glasnost
10845:Cold War
10785:February
10621:Politics
9919:Mercosur
9892:Americas
9763:Polarity
9731:European
9647:American
9609:Emerging
9604:Regional
9556:Politics
9551:National
9546:Maritime
9526:Economic
9420:See also
9192:Maldives
9153:Cambodia
9090:Mongolia
9027:Pakistan
8595:Mercosur
8150:Category
7974:Military
7609:Archived
7577:Archived
7556:Journals
7511:Archived
7485:Archived
7460:Archived
7261:Archived
7238:Archived
7215:Archived
7192:Archived
7165:Archived
7138:Archived
7114:Archived
7064:Archived
6986:Archived
6967:Archived
6948:Archived
6924:Archived
6897:Archived
6878:Archived
6859:Archived
6840:Archived
6612:Archived
6493:Archived
6428:20049696
6386:Archived
6368:24 March
6315:Archived
6285:Archived
6254:Archived
6169:Archived
6143:Archived
6087:Archived
6067:12 April
6061:Archived
6032:Archived
6009:Archived
5982:Archived
5952:Archived
5892:Archived
5872:27 March
5866:Archived
5839:Archived
5782:Archived
5709:Archived
5670:Archived
5645:Archived
5602:Archived
5573:Archived
5431:Archived
5401:Archived
5371:Archived
5282:Archived
5258:Archived
5199:Archived
5164:Archived
5047:Archived
5026:InfoNIAC
5019:Archived
4995:Archived
4966:Archived
4939:Archived
4892:Archived
4860:Archived
4819:Archived
4766:Archived
4733:Archived
4702:Archived
4672:Archived
4642:Archived
4538:Archived
4514:(2020).
4339:See also
4310:Abkhazia
3448:COVID-19
3310:, and a
3272:Gagauzia
3160:) is an
2834:Moldova
2776:210,896
2773:196,642
2770:104,849
2729:Belarus
2659:Armenia
2612:Country
2514:Military
2461:Politics
2361:Country
2346:and the
2220:Country
2118:Country
1737:Country
1391:occupied
1267:Founding
1113:and the
805:Currency
229:Romanian
165:Armenian
119:May 2023
11824:Symbols
11737:Fashion
11719:Culture
11633:Society
11578:Science
11543:Rouble
11485:Economy
11461:Science
11271:Premier
11252:Offices
11114:Leaders
11034:General
11002:Siberia
10975:Regions
10949:Oblasts
10790:October
10767:History
10472:COMECON
10372:Romania
10367:Hungary
10040:Eurasia
9802:Studies
9683:History
9674:Pacific
9662:Chinese
9521:Climate
9457:Russian
9452:Chinese
9346:Algeria
9205:Myanmar
9140:Bahrain
9114:Armenia
8949:Belarus
8896:Summits
8259:Japarov
8247:Tokayev
8068:Georgia
7914:Georgia
7898:Ukraine
7893:Moldova
7842:Moldova
7827:Belarus
7817:Armenia
7792:Ukraine
7772:Moldova
7757:Belarus
7747:Armenia
7639:at the
7543:23 July
7517:23 July
7491:23 July
7171:23 July
7096:23 July
6685:23 July
6520:. 2010.
6473:23 July
6310:Russian
6149:21 July
6119:21 July
5928:21 June
5611:21 July
5463:9 March
5437:19 June
5103:Russian
5053:23 July
5001:23 July
4972:23 July
4920:Russian
4900:Russian
4872:Russian
4815:BBCNews
4772:18 June
4568:Reuters
4484::
4473:Russian
4419:Comecon
4284:Georgia
4189:tariffs
4173:Belarus
4169:Ukraine
3970:Moldova
3570:Armenia
3520:Belarus
3465:Sex gap
3461:Female
3450:impact
3415:Karakol
3387:archery
3363:gorodki
3339:Russian
3276:Moldova
3256:Belarus
3154:Russian
2951:70,452
2948:63,622
2945:22,355
2896:10,890
2893:10,127
2890:14,240
2869:Russia
2791:10,240
2785:11,700
2741:78,276
2738:65,685
2735:45,275
2706:76,123
2703:71,043
2700:33,049
2671:13,679
2668:10,551
2623:(2012)
2585:Economy
2471:Bishkek
2454:Tbilisi
2397:Georgia
2364:Signed
2251:Ukraine
2223:Signed
2121:Signed
2061:Moldova
1933:Moldova
1831:Belarus
1765:Armenia
1740:Signed
1383:Georgia
1363:Moldova
1347:Armenia
1334::
1323:Russian
1131:Belarus
1092:Moldova
1080:Ukraine
1072:Georgia
1060:Estonia
1048:Ukraine
1040:Belarus
1030:of the
1024:Eurasia
1018:) is a
984:Website
648:•
635:•
622:•
607:•
562:Leaders
489:Moldova
450:Belarus
424:Armenia
386:Russian
237:Russian
103:scholar
11843:Emblem
11831:Anthem
11779:Sports
11732:Cinema
11727:Ballet
11709:Racism
11682:Family
11172:Bodies
10760:topics
10492:(WFDY)
10484:(WFTU)
10256:Global
9999:Europe
9845:Africa
9714:Theory
9667:Indian
9599:Middle
9587:Status
9531:Energy
9408:
9395:
9385:Israel
9382:
9369:
9356:
9343:
9314:
9292:Guests
9280:
9270:Turkey
9267:
9254:
9241:
9228:
9215:
9202:
9189:
9179:Kuwait
9176:
9163:
9150:
9137:
9124:
9111:
9087:
9063:
9050:
9040:Russia
9037:
9024:
9011:
8998:
8985:
8972:
8959:
8946:
8729:Topics
8368:Bodies
8295:Rahmon
8211:Aliyev
7928:Sports
7847:Russia
7777:Russia
7730:" (11)
7718:(1993)
7712:(1991)
7706:(1991)
7618:7 July
7586:7 July
7422:6 July
7400:6 July
7378:6 July
7353:29 May
7326:29 May
7134:azi.md
7070:19 May
7038:
6426:
6093:19 May
5812:
5774:
5749:20 May
5701:
5676:9 July
5490:15 May
4945:7 July
4843:
4708:8 July
4678:8 July
4648:8 July
4530:
4405:(CSTO)
4316:, and
4288:Turkey
4175:, and
4146:, and
4015:−0.19
3915:−1.38
3870:Russia
3865:−1.75
3815:−1.21
3615:−2.02
3565:−0.60
3515:→2021
3500:→2021
3492:→2020
3484:→2019
3330:. The
3262:, and
3222:areas.
2969:0.720
2966:1,820
2963:1,686
2960:2,137
2934:0.668
2916:8,456
2913:7,263
2910:3,695
2899:0.824
2887:9,119
2864:0.750
2861:4,850
2858:4,551
2855:2,100
2852:1,200
2846:8,947
2843:7,589
2840:4,401
2829:0.697
2826:1,265
2823:1,174
2820:1,100
2811:7,543
2808:6,197
2805:3,802
2794:0.825
2788:9,122
2782:6,805
2759:0.823
2756:6,830
2753:6,411
2750:6,940
2747:4,656
2724:0.756
2721:4,665
2718:4,214
2715:7,500
2712:3,829
2689:0.776
2686:4,888
2683:4,268
2680:3,500
2677:2,996
2665:9,204
2530:, and
2488:treaty
2473:, 2008
2394:
2383:Notes
2248:
2236:Notes
2144:
2133:Notes
2032:
1999:
1969:Russia
1966:
1930:
1896:
1862:
1828:
1795:
1762:
1751:Notes
1301:, the
1261:Moscow
1210:Treaty
1200:, the
1157:, and
1127:Russia
1105:, the
1064:Latvia
1046:, and
1044:Russia
879:(soʻm)
790:(2017)
788:
754:
716:
550:
526:
513:
503:Russia
500:
486:
473:
460:
447:
434:
421:
377:Moscow
365:Moscow
334:
309:Emblem
215:Kyrgyz
201:Kazakh
105:
98:
91:
84:
76:
11774:Radio
11752:Opera
11747:Music
11650:Crime
11421:Gulag
11299:Cheka
10944:Krais
9657:Asian
9629:Super
9619:Great
9594:Small
9573:Smart
9568:Sharp
9513:Types
9411:Syria
9299:ASEAN
9231:Qatar
9218:Nepal
9166:Egypt
8975:India
8962:China
8430:AUKUS
8283:Putin
8271:Sandu
7612:(PDF)
7605:(PDF)
7580:(PDF)
7573:(PDF)
6785:(PDF)
6679:(PDF)
6672:(PDF)
6556:(PDF)
6549:(PDF)
6518:(PDF)
6424:JSTOR
6057:UNIAN
6017:BelTA
5605:(PDF)
5598:(PDF)
5264:9 May
5232:9 May
5205:9 May
5143:(PDF)
4551:2014.
4460:Notes
4012:−2.09
4009:68.85
4006:−1.32
4003:70.17
4000:−0.77
3997:70.94
3991:69.03
3985:66.42
3979:73.55
3976:64.44
3973:68.85
3965:0.65
3959:69.26
3953:68.69
3950:−0.31
3947:69.00
3941:68.61
3935:65.03
3929:72.66
3926:65.86
3923:69.26
3912:−3.72
3909:69.36
3906:−1.98
3903:71.34
3900:−1.75
3897:73.08
3891:70.74
3885:65.48
3882:10.56
3879:74.77
3876:64.21
3873:69.36
3862:−3.74
3859:69.37
3853:66.87
3850:−6.23
3847:73.10
3841:71.12
3835:64.89
3829:73.29
3826:65.65
3823:69.37
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