Sloth - Knowledge

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chemical communication between individuals; 4) pick up trace nutrients in their claws, that are then ingested; and 5) favor a mutualistic relationship with populations of fur moths. More recently, a new hypothesis has emerged, which presents evidence against the previous ones and proposes that all current sloths are descendants from species that defecated on the ground, and there simply has not been enough selective pressure to abandon this behavior, since cases of predation during defecation are actually very rare.

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branches, they usually eat, sleep, and even give birth hanging from branches. They sometimes remain hanging from branches even after death. On the ground, the maximum speed of sloths is 3 m (9.8 ft) per minute. Two-toed sloths are generally better able than three-toed sloths to disperse between clumps of trees on the ground.

1521:. The species of sloths recorded to host arthropods include the pale-throated three-toed sloth, the brown-throated three-toed sloth, and Linnaeus's two-toed sloth. Sloths benefit from their relationship with moths because the moths are responsible for fertilizing algae on the sloth, which provides them with nutrients. 1002:. Though data has been collected on over 33 different species of sloths by analyzing bone structures, many of the relationships between clades on a phylogenetic tree were unclear. Much of the morphological evidence collected to support the hypothesis of diphyly has been based on the structure of the inner ear. 1529:

Their limbs are adapted for hanging and grasping, not for supporting their weight. Muscle mass makes up only 25 to 30 percent of their total body weight. Most other mammals have a muscle mass that makes up 40 to 45 percent of their total body weight. Their specialised hands and feet have long, curved

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Three-toed sloths go to the ground to urinate and defecate about once a week, digging a hole and covering it afterwards. They go to the same spot each time and are vulnerable to predation while doing so. Considering the large energy expenditure and dangers involved in the journey to the ground, this

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Sloths descend about once every eight days to defecate on the ground. The reason and mechanism behind this behavior have long been debated among scientists. There are at least five hypotheses: 1) fertilize trees when feces are deposited at the base of the tree; 2) cover feces and avoid predation; 3)

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Sloths are surprisingly strong swimmers and can reach speeds of 13.5 m (44 ft) per minute. They use their long arms to paddle through the water and can cross rivers and swim between islands. Sloths can reduce their already slow metabolism even further and slow their heart rate to less than

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Presslee, S.; Slater, G. J.; Pujos, F.; Forasiepi, A. M.; Fischer, R.; Molloy, K.; Mackie, M.; Olsen, J. V.; Kramarz, A.; Taglioretti, M.; Scaglia, F.; Lezcano, M.; Lanata, J. L.; Southon, J.; Feranec, R.; Bloch, J.; Hajduk, A.; Martin, F. M.; Gismondi, R. S.; Reguero, M.; de Muizon, C.; Greenwood,

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Sloths move only when necessary and even then, very slowly. They usually move at an average speed of 4 m (13 ft) per minute but can move at a marginally higher speed of 4.5 m (15 ft) per minute if they are in immediate danger from a predator. While they sometimes sit on top of

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lifestyle, "one of the most striking examples of convergent evolution known among mammals". The ancient Xenarthra included a significantly greater variety of species, with a wider distribution, than those of today. Ancient sloths were mostly terrestrial, and some reached sizes that rival those of

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Sloths can be 60 to 80 cm (24 to 31 in) long and, depending on the species, weigh from 3.6 to 7.7 kg (7.9 to 17.0 lb). Two-toed sloths are slightly larger than three-toed sloths. Sloths have long limbs and rounded heads with tiny ears. Three-toed sloths also have stubby tails

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for three-toed, and 12 months for two-toed. Newborns stay with their mother for about five months. In some cases, young sloths die from a fall indirectly because the mothers prove unwilling to leave the safety of the trees to retrieve the young. Females normally bear one baby every year, but

408:(two–toed sloths). Despite this traditional naming, all sloths have three toes on each rear limb-- although two-toed sloths have only two digits on each forelimb. The two groups of sloths are from different, distantly related families, and are thought to have evolved their morphology via 620:, which inhabits tropical rainforests in northern South America. It is similar in appearance to, and often confused with, the brown-throated three-toed sloth, which has a much wider distribution. Genetic evidence indicates the two species diverged around six million years ago. 493:) also mean "lazy" or similar. Their slowness permits their low-energy diet of leaves and avoids detection by predatory hawks and cats that hunt by sight. Sloths are almost helpless on the ground but are able to swim. The shaggy coat has grooved hair that is host to symbiotic 1651:

relationship with sloths, as they live in the fur and promote growth of algae, which the sloths eat. Individual sloths tend to spend the bulk of their time feeding on a single "modal" tree; by burying their excreta near the trunk of that tree, they may also help nourish it.

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O'Leary, Maureen A.; Bloch, Jonathan I.; Flynn, John J.; Gaudin, Timothy J.; Giallombardo, Andres; Giannini, Norberto P.; Goldberg, Suzann L.; Kraatz, Brian P.; Luo, Zhe-Xi (8 February 2013). "The Placental Mammal Ancestor and the Post–K-Pg Radiation of Placentals".

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cares for sloths. It has rehabilitated and returned about 130 individuals to the wild. However, a report in May 2016 featured two former veterinarians from the facility who were critical of the sanctuary's efforts, accusing it of mistreating the animals.

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behaviour has been described as a mystery. Recent research shows that moths, which live in the sloth's fur, lay eggs in the sloth's feces. When they hatch, the larvae feed on the feces, and when mature fly up onto the sloth above. These moths may have a

1458:, but because sloths spend so much time with their limbs above their bodies, their hairs grow away from the extremities to provide protection from the elements while they hang upside down. In most conditions, the fur hosts symbiotic algae, which provide 1660:

The pale- and brown-throated three-toed sloths mate seasonally, while the maned three-toed sloth breeds at any time of the year. The reproduction of pygmy three-toed sloths is currently unknown. Litters are of one newborn only, after six months'

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The average lifespan of two-toed sloths in the wild is currently unknown due to a lack of full-lifespan studies in a natural environment. Median life expectancy in human care is about 16 years, with one individual at the

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sequences fall in line with the diphyly (convergent evolution) hypothesis but have overturned some of the other conclusions obtained from morphology. These investigations consistently place two-toed sloths close to

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claws to allow them to hang upside down from branches without effort, and are used to drag themselves along the ground, since they cannot walk. On three-toed sloths, the arms are 50 percent longer than the legs.

1783:. Their claws also provide another, unexpected deterrent to human hunters; when hanging upside-down in a tree, they are held in place by the claws themselves and often do not fall down even if shot from below. 998:) and a single species of the two-toed type will jointly predominate. Based on morphological comparisons, it was thought the two-toed sloths nested phylogenetically within one of the divisions of the extinct 2722: 667:: ground sloths that existed for about 35 million years and went extinct about 11,000 years ago. This group was formerly thought to include both the two-toed sloths and the extinct Greater Antilles sloths. 1356:

Ground sloths disappeared from both North and South America shortly after the appearance of humans about 11,000 years ago. Evidence suggests human hunting contributed to the extinction of the American

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and some other Caribbean sloths survived until about 5,000 years ago, long after ground sloths had died out on the mainland, but then went extinct when humans finally colonized the Greater Antilles.

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Moreno, Ricardo S.; Kays, Roland W.; Samudio, Rafael (24 August 2006). "Competitive Release in Diets of Ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and Puma (Puma concolor) after Jaguar (Panthera onca) Decline".

1447:, meaning their body temperature may vary according to the environment, normally ranging from 25 to 35 °C (77 to 95 °F), but able to drop to as low as 20 °C (68 °F), inducing 4255: 2681:

Delsuc, F.; Kuch, M.; Gibb, G. C.; Karpinski, E.; Hackenberger, D.; Szpak, P.; Martínez, J. G.; Mead, J. I.; McDonald, H. G.; MacPhee, R.D.E.; Billet, G.; Hautier, L.; Poinar, H. N. (2019).

979:. They presumably waded and paddled in the water for short period, but over a span of 4 million years, they eventually evolved into swimming creatures, becoming specialist bottom feeders of 526:

believed to have evolved in the continent of South America around 60 million years ago. One study found that xenarthrans broke off from other placental mammals around 100 million years ago.

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rates (less than half of that expected for a mammal of their size), and low body temperatures: 30 to 34 °C (86 to 93 °F) when active, and still lower when resting. Sloths are

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Sloths arose in South America during a long period of isolation and eventually spread to a number of the Caribbean islands as well as North America. It is thought that swimming led to

3234: 3868: 2954:"Molecular evidence for a diverse green algal community growing in the hair of sloths and a specific association with Trichophilus welckeri(Chlorophyta, Ulvophyceae)" 1553:

Sloths are solitary animals that rarely interact with one another except during breeding season, though female sloths do sometimes congregate, more so than do males.

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Pauli, J. N., Mendoza, J. E., Steffan, S. A., Carey, C. C., Weimer, P. J., & Peery, M. Z. (2014). A syndrome of mutualism reinforces the lifestyle of a sloth.

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The common ancestor of the two existing sloth genera dates to about 28 million years ago, with similarities between the two- and three- toed sloths an example of

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browsing. Leaves, their main food source, provide very little energy or nutrients, and do not digest easily, so sloths have large, slow-acting, multi-chambered

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Sloths are victims of animal trafficking where they are sold as pets. However, they generally make very poor pets, as they have such a specialized ecology.

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Both types of extant tree sloth tend to occupy the same forests; in most areas, a particular species of the somewhat smaller and generally slower-moving

1749:. Sloths' lower metabolism confines them to the tropics, and they adopt thermoregulation behaviors of cold-blooded animals such as sunning themselves. 5820: 5348: 5185: 2231: 6268: 6191: 6171: 5473: 5267: 5192: 1436:

Sloths have colour vision but have poor visual acuity. They also have poor hearing. Thus, they rely on their sense of smell and touch to find food.

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Mendel, Frank C. (1 January 1985). "Use of Hands and Feet of Three-Toed Sloths (Bradypus variegatus) during Climbing and Terrestrial Locomotion".

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Amson, E.; Argot, C.; McDonald, H. G.; de Muizon, C. (2015). "Osteology and functional morphology of the axial postcranium of the marine sloth

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around 12,000 years ago, along with most large animals across the Americas. The extinction correlates in time with the arrival of humans, but

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Voirin, B., Kays, R., Wikelski, M., & Lowman, M. (2013). Why Do Sloths Poop on the Ground? In M. Lowman, S. Devy, & T. Ganesh (eds).

2889: 5384: 5355: 6303: 6101: 5827: 5730: 5391: 942:. The latter development, about 3 million years ago, allowed megatheriids and nothrotheriids to also invade North America as part of the 674:: ground sloths that existed for about 23 million years and went extinct about 11,000 years ago; this family included the largest sloths. 4155: 4104: 3516: 1666:

sometimes sloths' low level of movement actually keeps females from finding males for longer than one year. Sloths are not particularly

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break down the tough leaves. As much as two-thirds of a well-fed sloth's body weight consists of the contents of its stomach, and the

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Although habitat is limited to the tropical rainforests of Central and South America, in that environment sloths are successful. On

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Pauli, Jonathan N.; Mendoza, Jorge E.; Steffan, Shawn A.; Carey, Cayelan C.; Weimer, Paul J.; Peery, M. Zachariah (7 March 2014).

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The Folivora are divided into at least eight families, only two of which have living species; the remainder are entirely extinct (

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from terrestrial ancestors. Besides the extant species, many species of ground sloths ranging up to the size of elephants (like

681:: ground sloths that lived from approximately 11.6 million to 11,000 years ago. As well as ground sloths, this family included 2790:; MacPhee, R. D. E.; Jull, A. J. T.; McDonald, H. G.; Woods, C. A.; Iturralde-Vinent, M.; Hodgins, G. W. L. (16 August 2005). 2427:

Muizon, C. de; McDonald, H. G.; Salas, R.; Urbina, M. (June 2004). "The evolution of feeding adaptations of the aquatic sloth

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The outer hairs of sloth fur grow in a direction opposite from that of other mammals. In most mammals, hairs grow toward the

1424:. Two-toed sloths have five to seven, while three-toed sloths have eight or nine. The other mammals not having seven are the 6441: 3205: 2564: 554:. These names are from the Latin 'leaf eater' and 'hairy', respectively. Pilosa is one of the smallest of the orders of the 3552: 1368:

may have also played a role, although previous similar glacial retreats were not associated with similar extinction rates.

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Montgomery, G. G., & Sunquist, M. E. (1975). Impact of Sloths on Neotropical Forest Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling.

1360:. Ground sloth remains found in both North and South America indicate that they were killed, cooked, and eaten by humans. 1345:

The marine sloths of South America's Pacific coast became extinct at the end of the Pliocene following the closing of the

3272: 4281: 3726: 1545:. Three-toed sloths are mostly nocturnal but can be active in the day. They spend 90 per cent of their time motionless. 3752: 2279:"Morphology, molecular phylogeny, and taxonomic inconsistencies in the study of Bradypus sloths (Pilosa: Bradypodidae)" 879: 365:. Noted for their slowness of movement, tree sloths spend most of their lives hanging upside down in the trees of the 3582: 3165:"Sloth biology: an update on their physiological ecology, behavior and role as vectors of arthropods and arboviruses" 3113:"Sloth biology: an update on their physiological ecology, behavior and role as vectors of arthropods and arboviruses" 2926: 1624:(plant eaters), with a limited diet of leaves from only a few trees, and no other mammal digests its food as slowly. 1486: 3331:"Natal dispersal of tree sloths in a human-dominated landscape: Implications for tropical biodiversity conservation" 1980: 1822: 6467: 4428: 900: 3774: 1789: 1361: 810: 427: 4304: 3892:"Social behavior between mothers × young of sloths Bradypus variegatus SCHINZ, 1825 (Xenarthra: Bradypodidae)" 1793: 4797: 4611: 4602: 1577: 743: 705: 4374: 2235: 758:

in the north to western Ecuador in the south, and the other in eastern Peru, western Brazil, and northern

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Delsuc, Frédéric; Catzeflis, François M.; Stanhope, Michael J.; Douzery, Emmanuel J. P. (7 August 2001).

1776: 1620:, ranging over up to 140 hectares (350 acres). Three-toed sloths, on the other hand, are almost entirely 1569: 423: 1353:(and which would have also made thermoregulation difficult for the sloths, with their slow metabolism). 6508: 2158: 1055:

The following sloth family phylogenetic tree is based on collagen and mitochondrial DNA sequence data.

943: 17: 3864: 2882:"Sticking their necks out for evolution: Why sloths and manatees have unusually long (or short) necks" 2588:"Phylogenetic Relationships among Sloths (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Tardigrada): The Craniodental Evidence" 2388:"Phylogenetic relationships among sloths (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Tardigrada): the craniodental evidence" 4388: 4335: 1792:

is known for caring, rehabilitating and releasing sloths back into the wild. Also in Costa Rica, the

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but became extinct after humans settled the archipelago in the mid-Holocene, around 6,000 years ago.

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Monge Nájera, J. (2021). Why sloths defecate on the ground: rejection of the mutualistic model.

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Baby sloths learn what to eat by licking the lips of their mother. All sloths eat the leaves of

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were able to colonise North America about 9 million years ago, well before the formation of the

771:: ground sloths that existed for about 23 million years and went extinct about 11,000 years ago. 6350: 4530: 1738: 1694: 1349:; the closing caused a cooling trend in the coastal waters which killed off much of the area's 861: 639: 431: 331: 35: 2532: 85: 4127: 4096: 3488: 1765: 1746: 1710: 1455: 1397: 1044: 578: 6480: 1541:

Wild brown-throated three-toed sloths sleep on average 9.6 hours a day. Two-toed sloths are

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Red: two-toed sloth,Blue: three-toed sloth,Purple: both two-toed sloth and three-toed sloth

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Mammals of the Neotropics, Volume 3: The Central Neotropics: Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil

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Mammals of the Neotropics, Volume 3: The Central Neotropics: Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil

3342: 2965: 2805: 2632: 2440: 2173: 2020: 1962: 1474:. Because of the algae, sloth fur is a small ecosystem of its own, hosting many species of 1389: 844: 598: 318: 4066: 497:

which camouflage the animal in the trees and provide it nutrients. The algae also nourish

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Liberg, O. (1980). Spacing patterns in a population of rural free roaming domestic cats.

2787: 1923: 613: 366: 358: 94: 72: 4036: 4006: 3956: 3461: 3346: 2969: 2809: 2636: 2444: 2177: 2024: 6513: 6388: 5574: 5302: 4400: 3983: 3940: 3832: 3801: 3442: 3434: 3311: 3093: 3044: 2996: 2953: 2828: 2791: 2765: 2655: 2620: 2508: 2484:"Gradual adaptation of bone structure to aquatic lifestyle in extinct sloths from Peru" 2483: 2464: 2456: 2255: 2197: 2116: 2081: 2062: 1897: 1860: 1636: 1538:

a third of normal, allowing them to hold their breath underwater for up to 40 minutes.

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This article is about the Central and South American mammal. For the cardinal sin, see

1565: 796: 453:, literally means "laziness", and their common names in several other languages (e.g. 6518: 6475: 6410: 5813: 4772: 4748: 4739: 4147: 4137: 3988: 3970: 3921: 3913: 3837: 3508: 3498: 3197: 3189: 3142: 3134: 3085: 3064:"Food Habits of the Harpy Eagle, a Top Predator from the Amazonian Rainforest Canopy" 3036: 3001: 2983: 2833: 2714: 2682: 2660: 2604: 2587: 2554: 2513: 2409: 2404: 2387: 2245: 2201: 2189: 2121: 2103: 2066: 2054: 2046: 1902: 1884: 1838: 1828: 1667: 1010: 939: 908: 606: 581:

group that arose about 32 million years ago and became extinct about 5,000 years ago.

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Sloths are so named because of their very low metabolism and deliberate movements.

439: 278: 228: 77: 6503: 6415: 6402: 6275: 6015: 5983: 5737: 5439: 5009: 4942: 4688: 4414: 3965: 3164: 2536: 2098: 1734: 1702: 1256: 947: 832: 678: 632: 462: 454: 374: 252: 50: 3544: 2683:"Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Evolutionary History and Biogeography of Sloths" 6373: 6282: 6219: 6198: 6080: 5907: 5900: 5838: 5723: 5691: 5605: 5592: 5542: 5418: 5333: 5309: 5253: 5246: 5199: 5164: 5112: 4951: 4931: 4921: 4707: 4698: 4670: 4661: 4585: 4575: 3062:

Aguiar-Silva, F. Helena; Sanaiotti, Tânia M.; Luz, Benjamim B. (1 March 2014).

2949: 2783: 2154: 1209: 1033: 925: 871: 827: 699: 664: 234: 99: 3396: 3264: 3032: 2761: 2699: 2645: 2185: 1039:, with both two-toed sloths and Greater Antilles sloths being moved away from 6497: 6182: 6116: 6087: 6059: 6038: 6031: 5755: 5480: 5453: 5171: 5135: 5094: 4187: 4151: 3974: 3917: 3813: 3718: 3512: 3193: 3138: 3089: 3040: 2987: 2952:; Friedl, Thomas; Chiarello, Adriano G.; Blomster, Jaanika (1 January 2010). 2792:"Asynchronous extinction of late Quaternary sloths on continents and islands" 2550: 2413: 2320: 2237:

Mammals of South America, Volume 1: Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews, and Bats

2107: 2050: 1888: 1818: 1444: 1271: 1151: 1029: 960: 934: 806: 671: 370: 266: 246: 4277: 3748: 3355: 3330: 2978: 2818: 2295: 2278: 2032: 1842: 750:) which inhabits tropical forests. It has two separate ranges, split by the 6212: 6164: 6157: 6129: 6066: 6003: 5643: 5409: 5362: 5340: 5320: 5232: 5149: 5027: 4912: 4901: 4651: 3992: 3925: 3841: 3822: 3201: 3146: 3080: 3063: 3005: 2837: 2718: 2664: 2517: 2499: 2193: 2125: 2058: 1906: 1880: 1475: 1224: 1136: 1077: 1036: 999: 951: 930: 896: 768: 737: 683: 570: 435: 362: 272: 214: 202: 3574: 2918: 2482:

Amson, E.; Muizon, C. de; Laurin, M.; Argot, C.; Buffrénil, V. de (2014).

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are also included among Xenarthra. The earliest xenarthrans were arboreal

6382: 6296: 6240: 6141: 6045: 5928: 5893: 5858: 5792: 5744: 5515: 5501: 5464: 5425: 5376: 5369: 5281: 5260: 5156: 4971: 4961: 4891: 4539: 2621:"Complex body size trends in the evolution of sloths (Xenarthra: Pilosa)" 1726: 1621: 1498: 1471: 1025: 956: 891: 854: 801: 717: 624: 520: 494: 419: 414: 4369: 2709: 2426: 886: 63: 6052: 5962: 5879: 5851: 5778: 5661: 5178: 5050: 5036: 3438: 3315: 2460: 1772: 1597: 1581: 1479: 1459: 1440: 1401: 1372: 1015: 562: 546:, stubby teeth, and small brains. Sloths are in the taxonomic suborder 498: 3670:

Chiarello, A. G. (2008). Sloth ecology: an overview of field studies.

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is the most common of the extant species of sloth, which inhabits the

6073: 5872: 5288: 5043: 4844: 4475: 2542: 2533:"The sloths of the West Indies: a systematic and phylogenetic review" 1662: 1648: 1640: 1542: 1482: 1357: 1020: 920: 866: 786: 713: 535: 531: 516: 404: 347: 163: 123: 6344: 3307: 3111:

Gilmore, D. P.; Da Costa, C. P.; Duarte, D. P. F. (1 January 2001).

1689: 6367: 5886: 5707: 5633: 5432: 5213: 5078: 4978: 4875: 4832: 4722: 4639: 4469: 4463: 4457: 4451: 4395: 4336:"Famous Sloth Sanctuary Is A Nightmare For Animals, Ex-Workers Say" 3941:"Unexpected Strong Polygyny in the Brown-Throated Three-Toed Sloth" 3430: 3417:

Britton, S. W. (1 January 1941). "Form and Function in the Sloth".

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Suutari, Milla; Majaneva, Markus; Fewer, David P.; Voirin, Bryson;

1780: 1632: 1628: 1589: 1490: 1350: 1006: 980: 848: 778:: collagen sequence data indicates this group is more distant from 755: 721: 547: 527: 430:

has also been suggested to have contributed. Members of an endemic

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Bailey, T. N. (1974). Social organization in a bobcat population.

2452: 2371: 2350: 1827:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 100–101. 5494: 5142: 5071: 5064: 4782: 3230: 1869:

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences

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Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference

1722: 1718: 1617: 1605: 1601: 1494: 1425: 1365: 984: 976: 780: 759: 725: 647: 389: 6428: 4248:"Sloths: Hottest-Selling Animal in Colombia's Illegal Pet Trade" 4859: 4838: 4826: 4813: 4438: 4383: 1714: 1613: 1609: 1514: 1467: 1463: 1448: 1417: 875: 733: 655: 555: 551: 543: 523: 393: 382: 350: 173: 153: 133: 4176: 3372:

International Series of Monographs in Pure and Applied Biology

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Svartman, Marta; Stone, Gary; Stanyon, Roscoe (21 July 2006).

1858: 290: 3802:"A syndrome of mutualism reinforces the lifestyle of a sloth" 1502: 968: 751: 3939:

Pauli, Jonathan N.; Peery, M. Zachariah (19 December 2012).

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Swimming sloth - Planet Earth II: Islands Preview - BBC One

2748:(Mammalia, Tardigrada) with paleobiological implications". 2743: 2619:

Raj Pant, Sara; Goswami, Anjali; Finarelli, John A (2014).

2082:"The Ancestral Eutherian Karyotype Is Present in Xenarthra" 2009: 1757: 1737:, is classified as "vulnerable", while the island-dwelling 1518: 1510: 1506: 964: 729: 4511: 3163:

Gilmore, D. P.; Da Costa, C. P.; Duarte, D. P. F. (2001).

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Biogeography of the West Indies: Patterns and Perspectives

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Garcés-Restrepo, M.F.; Pauli, J.N.; Peery, M.Z. (2018).

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and several zoos have received sloths of the wrong sex.

1043:. Greater Antilles sloths are now placed in a separate, 687:, a genus of either semiaquatic or fully aquatic sloths. 3775:"The greatest mystery of sloth pooping has been solved" 3655:

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

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Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

1513:. Sloths have a highly specific community of commensal 1489:. These include biting and blood-sucking flies such as 955:

of the west coast of South America became adapted to a

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is, so it has been elevated back to full family status.

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class; its only other suborder contains the anteaters.

3370:

Goffart, M. (1971). "Function and Form in the sloth".

2541:. Boca Raton, London, New York, and Washington, D.C.: 2481: 2309: 1717:, sloths have been estimated to constitute 70% of the 1018:

and three-toed sloths within Megatherioidea, close to

377:. Sloths are considered to be most closely related to 4436: 3162: 3110: 5959: 5688: 5649: 5639: 5629: 5229: 5123: 5024: 4967: 4957: 4927: 4897: 4887: 4126:

Eisenberg, John F.; Redford, Kent H. (15 May 2000).

3487:

Eisenberg, John F.; Redford, Kent H. (15 May 2000).

3172:

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

3117:

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

2079: 418:) inhabited both North and South America during the 2276: 1954: 975:entered the coastal habitat beginning in the late 4333: 4305:"Sloth sanctuary nurtures animals back to health" 4302: 3235:"Can Moths Explain Why Sloths Poo on the Ground?" 3018: 2270: 1978: 27:Group of tree dwelling mammals noted for slowness 6495: 4170: 4007:"Manly secret of non-mating sloth at London Zoo" 1981:"The Strange Symbiosis Between Sloths and Moths" 1413:about 5 to 6 cm (2.0 to 2.4 in) long. 501:, some species of which exist solely on sloths. 3749:"The 'Busy' Life of the Sloth | BBC Earth" 2159:"Palaeoproteomics resolves sloth relationships" 422:Epoch. However, they became extinct during the 4177:Chiarello, A. & Moraes-Barros, N. (2014). 4119: 4037:"Same-sex sloths dash Drusillas breeding plan" 3889: 3542: 2147: 2145: 2143: 2141: 2139: 2137: 2135: 1681:reaching an age of 49 years before her death. 188:Delsuc, Catzeflis, Stanhope, and Douzery, 2001 5603: 5541: 4798: 4422: 4202:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T3036A47436575.en 3890:Soares, C. A.; Carneiro, R. S. (1 May 2002). 3661:(1778), 20133006. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.3006 3480: 2676: 2674: 2475: 2335:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T4778A47439751.en 1979:Bennington-Castro, Joseph (23 January 2014). 1032:. They make the previously recognized family 5023: 2530: 1854: 1852: 1721:of arboreal mammals. Four of the six living 609:in the forests of South and Central America. 4637: 2348: 2342: 2132: 1949: 1947: 1945: 4874: 4805: 4791: 4429: 4415: 3938: 3538: 3536: 3534: 2671: 2420: 2379: 381:, together making up the xenarthran order 289: 84: 62: 4200: 3982: 3964: 3907: 3848: 3831: 3821: 3354: 3322: 3183: 3128: 3079: 2995: 2977: 2827: 2817: 2737: 2708: 2698: 2654: 2644: 2603: 2592:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2507: 2403: 2392:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2370: 2333: 2294: 2277:Moraes-Barros, M.C.; et al. (2011). 2115: 2097: 2040: 1974: 1972: 1896: 1849: 1771:The majority of recorded sloth deaths in 1725:are currently rated "least concern"; the 1407: 504: 3607:, 69–98. DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-88533-4_7 2776: 2612: 2535:. In Woods, C.A.; Sergile, F.E. (eds.). 1942: 1756: 1688: 1564: 1383: 885: 860: 821: 795: 330: 4659: 4215: 3531: 3462:"Article "Sloth's Lazy Image 'A Myth'"" 3416: 3369: 3229: 2229: 2157:; Collins, M.; MacPhee, R.D.E. (2019). 1816: 1047:branch of the sloth evolutionary tree. 959:and, eventually, perhaps fully aquatic 754:. One population is found from eastern 14: 6496: 4228:from the original on 12 September 2019 4158:from the original on 19 September 2020 4017:from the original on 19 September 2020 3854: 3716: 3690:(pp. 195-199). Springer, New York, NY. 3519:from the original on 19 September 2020 3459: 3293: 2913: 2911: 2909: 2907: 2585: 2579: 2385: 2223: 2211:from the original on 12 September 2020 1969: 1957:The Land and Wildlife of South America 1812: 1810: 1643:can take a month or more to complete. 1005:Recently obtained molecular data from 6349: 6348: 5590: 4857: 4786: 4489: 4410: 3755:from the original on 16 February 2021 3682: 3680: 3649: 3647: 3545:"Sloths: The World's Slowest Mammals" 2531:White, J.L.; MacPhee, R.D.E. (2001). 2524: 1926:. The Sloth Conservation Foundation. 1918: 1916: 1733:), which inhabits Brazil's dwindling 4346:from the original on 18 January 2021 4077:from the original on 16 January 2021 4047:from the original on 5 December 2020 3781:from the original on 27 January 2021 3585:from the original on 8 November 2020 3555:from the original on 4 December 2020 3497:. pp. 624 (see pp. 94–95, 97). 3211:from the original on 6 November 2020 2303: 1991:from the original on 1 December 2017 1930:from the original on 1 December 2017 361:tree sloths and extinct terrestrial 4303:Sevcenko, Melanie (17 April 2013). 4216:Dowling, Stephen (29 August 2019). 4188:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 3543:Alina Bradford (26 November 2018). 3468:from the original on 1 January 2021 3388: 2904: 2321:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1807: 1364:that came with the end of the last 24: 5591: 4812: 4284:from the original on 31 March 2021 3861:Cecropia: Supplemental Information 3677: 3644: 3618:The Journal of Wildlife Management 3265:"What Does It Mean to Be a Sloth?" 2892:from the original on 26 April 2019 2862:from the original on 11 April 2019 2725:from the original on 23 March 2022 2433:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 1913: 1752: 1227:(three-toed sloths) 25: 6535: 6524:Extant Rupelian first appearances 4362: 4334:Schelling, Ameena (19 May 2016). 4107:from the original on 17 July 2019 3729:from the original on 6 March 2021 3275:from the original on 15 June 2019 2310:Plese, T.; Chiarello, A. (2014). 1487:arthropods associated with sloths 599:brown-throated three-toed sloth ( 6329: 5573: 4394: 4382: 4368: 4315:from the original on 13 May 2015 4258:from the original on 6 July 2020 3871:from the original on 24 May 2009 3857:"Community Ecology of the Sloth" 3806:Proceedings of the Royal Society 3719:"The woman who got 'slothified'" 2929:from the original on 19 May 2017 2605:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2003.00100.x 2567:from the original on 24 May 2021 2405:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2003.00100.x 2386:Gaudin, T.J. (1 February 2004). 614:pale-throated three-toed sloth ( 594:, contains four extant species: 515:Sloths belong to the superorder 110: 4327: 4296: 4270: 4240: 4218:"Why do sloths move so slowly?" 4209: 4089: 4059: 4029: 3999: 3932: 3909:10.1590/S1519-69842002000200008 3883: 3793: 3767: 3741: 3717:Venema, Vibeke (4 April 2014). 3710: 3693: 3664: 3627: 3610: 3597: 3567: 3453: 3419:The Quarterly Review of Biology 3410: 3382: 3363: 3287: 3257: 3223: 3185:10.1590/S0100-879X2001000100002 3130:10.1590/S0100-879X2001000100002 3104: 3055: 3012: 2941: 2874: 2844: 2234:. In Gardner, Alfred L. (ed.). 1684: 1655: 1390:brown-throated three-toed sloth 852:elephants, as was the case for 702:, contains two extant species: 2750:Journal of Mammalian Evolution 2166:Nature Ecology & Evolution 2073: 2003: 1790:The Sloth Institute Costa Rica 1627:They have made adaptations to 1485:. There are a large number of 1340: 13: 1: 4373:The dictionary definition of 4278:"The Sloth Institute website" 4071:Sloth Conservation Foundation 3460:Briggs, Helen (13 May 2008). 2244:. pp. 157–168 (p. 161). 1800: 1431: 4136:. pp. 624 (see p. 96). 3966:10.1371/journal.pone.0051389 3896:Brazilian Journal of Biology 3814:The Royal Society Publishing 3672:The biology of the Xenarthra 2099:10.1371/journal.pgen.0020109 1578:Manuel Antonio National Park 1050: 923:, and that the megalonychid 817: 7: 4612:Hoffmann's two-toed sloth ( 4603:Linnaeus's two-toed sloth ( 4134:University of Chicago Press 3495:University of Chicago Press 2242:University of Chicago Press 2230:Gardner, Alfred L. (2007). 1961:. Time Inc. 1964. pp. 1548: 1524: 438:also formerly lived in the 424:Quaternary extinction event 388:There are six extant sloth 10: 6540: 4858: 4101:Smithsonian's National Zoo 3335:Journal of Applied Ecology 3068:Journal of Raptor Research 2797:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1379: 1080:(Greater Antilles sloths) 944:Great American Interchange 638:The critically endangered 508: 353:constituting the suborder 29: 6357: 6327: 6181: 6140: 6124: 6115: 6014: 5991: 5982: 5957: 5846: 5837: 5754: 5687: 5618: 5614: 5599: 5586: 5571: 5537: 5463: 5408: 5328: 5319: 5241: 5227: 5122: 5107: 5103: 5092: 5019: 4996: 4941: 4911: 4883: 4870: 4866: 4853: 4821: 4769: 4720: 4696: 4687: 4650: 4636: 4632: 4574: 4502: 4488: 4484: 4446: 4097:"Southern two-toed sloth" 3033:10.1644/05-MAMM-A-360R2.1 2762:10.1007/s10914-014-9280-7 2700:10.1016/j.cub.2019.05.043 2646:10.1186/s12862-014-0184-1 2355:(Pilosa: Megalonychidae)" 2186:10.1038/s41559-019-0909-z 1676:Smithsonian Institution's 1600:, with a diverse diet of 1416:Sloths are unusual among 1294: 1269: 1254: 1247: 1222: 1207: 1200: 1193: 1175: 1149: 1134: 1127: 1112: 1105: 1098: 1091: 1075: 1068: 828:Nothrotheriops shastensis 744:Hoffmann's two-toed sloth 706:Linnaeus's two-toed sloth 314:Latham & Davies, 1795 309: 302: 297: 288: 198: 193: 107:Scientific classification 105: 92: 83: 70: 61: 45: 4531:Pygmy three-toed sloth ( 4043:. BBC. 5 December 2013. 3751:. YouTube. 18 May 2009. 2958:BMC Evolutionary Biology 2625:BMC Evolutionary Biology 2586:Gaudin, Timothy (2004). 2551:10.1201/9781420039481-14 1794:Aviarios Sloth Sanctuary 1775:are due to contact with 1570:Hoffman's two-toed sloth 983:, similar to the extant 631:, now found only in the 625:maned three-toed sloth ( 402:(three–toed sloths) and 4013:. BBC. 19 August 2010. 3865:Encyclopædia Britannica 3389:BBC (4 November 2016), 3356:10.1111/1365-2664.13138 2979:10.1186/1471-2148-10-86 2923:Encyclopedia Britannica 2819:10.1073/pnas.0502777102 2296:10.1644/10-MAMM-A-086.1 2033:10.1126/science.1229237 1821:; Reeder, D.M. (eds.). 1560: 1347:Central American Seaway 1000:Greater Antilles sloths 652:Isla Escudo de Veraguas 650:to the small island of 635:of southeastern Brazil. 575:Greater Antilles sloths 357:, including the extant 4558:Brown-throated sloth ( 3823:10.1098/rspb.2013.3006 3081:10.3356/JRR-13-00017.1 2500:10.1098/rspb.2014.0192 1881:10.1098/rspb.2001.1702 1768: 1739:pygmy three-toed sloth 1727:maned three-toed sloth 1706: 1695:pygmy three-toed sloth 1584: 1408:Morphology and anatomy 1404: 904: 883: 840: 814: 802:Megatherium americanum 640:pygmy three-toed sloth 505:Taxonomy and evolution 474: 466: 458: 336: 36:Sloth (disambiguation) 34:. For other uses, see 4549:Pale-throated sloth ( 3701:UNED Research Journal 1766:Dallas World Aquarium 1760: 1747:critically endangered 1711:Barro Colorado Island 1692: 1568: 1439:Sloths have very low 1398:Cahuita National Park 1387: 889: 864: 825: 799: 334: 4391:at Wikimedia Commons 4195:: e.T3036A47436575. 3296:Journal of Mammalogy 3021:Journal of Mammalogy 2693:(12): 2031–2042.e6. 2545:. pp. 201–235. 2349:Hayssen, V. (2011). 2328:: e.T4778A47439751. 2283:Journal of Mammalogy 1817:Gardner, A. (2005). 1596:Two-toed sloths are 1420:in not having seven 946:. Additionally, the 845:convergent evolution 710:Choloepus didactylus 616:Bradypus tridactylus 367:tropical rainforests 6255:Perezfontanatherium 5296:Paroctodontotherium 4749:Southern tamandua ( 4740:Northern tamandua ( 4521:(Three-toed sloths) 4441:species by suborder 3957:2012PLoSO...751389P 3777:. 23 January 2014. 3347:2018JApEc..55.2253G 3269:natureinstitute.org 3233:(21 January 2014). 2970:2010BMCEE..10...86S 2856:National Geographic 2810:2005PNAS..10211763S 2804:(33): 11763–11768. 2637:2014BMCEE..14..184R 2445:2004JVPal..24..398D 2353:Choloepus hoffmanni 2314:Choloepus hoffmanni 2258:on 27 November 2018 2232:"Suborder Folivora" 2178:2019NatEE...3.1121P 2025:2013Sci...339..662O 1875:(1476): 1605–1615. 1574:Choloepus hoffmanni 1394:Bradypus variegatus 892:Paramylodon harlani 867:Megalonyx wheatleyi 748:Choloepus hoffmanni 698:Choloepodidae, the 601:Bradypus variegatus 95:Choloepus hoffmanni 73:Bradypus variegatus 5786:Megalonychotherium 5303:Pseudoprepotherium 4181:Bradypus torquatus 3605:Ecological Studies 3399:on 30 October 2021 2494:(1782): 20140192. 2153:A.; Chait, B. T.; 1769: 1731:Bradypus torquatus 1707: 1668:sexually dimorphic 1637:symbiotic bacteria 1585: 1422:cervical vertebrae 1405: 1154:(two-toed sloths) 905: 884: 841: 815: 627:Bradypus torquatus 590:Bradypodidae, the 410:parallel evolution 337: 32:Sloth (deadly sin) 6509:Clawed herbivores 6491: 6490: 6476:Open Tree of Life 6351:Taxon identifiers 6342: 6341: 6338: 6337: 6325: 6324: 6321: 6320: 6317: 6316: 6313: 6312: 6290:Pyramiodontherium 6262:Plesiomegatherium 6111: 6110: 5953: 5952: 5949: 5948: 5945: 5944: 5814:Proschismotherium 5582: 5581: 5569: 5568: 5565: 5564: 5561: 5560: 5533: 5532: 5529: 5528: 5525: 5524: 5223: 5222: 5088: 5087: 4992: 4991: 4988: 4987: 4780: 4779: 4765: 4764: 4761: 4760: 4733: 4683: 4682: 4643: 4628: 4627: 4624: 4623: 4596: 4593:(Two-toed sloths) 4570: 4569: 4524: 4495: 4387:Media related to 4143:978-0-226-19542-1 4103:. 25 April 2016. 4067:"About the Sloth" 3504:978-0-226-19542-1 2560:978-0-8493-2001-9 2359:Mammalian Species 2251:978-0-226-28240-4 2019:(6120): 662–667. 1834:978-0-8018-8221-0 1699:Bradypus pygmaeus 1641:digestive process 1337: 1336: 1328: 1327: 1319: 1318: 1310: 1309: 1291: 1290: 1282: 1281: 1236: 1235: 1172: 1171: 1163: 1162: 1011:mitochondrial DNA 940:Isthmus of Panama 909:oceanic dispersal 882:) and restoration 654:off the coast of 644:Bradypus pygmaeus 607:Neotropical realm 592:three-toed sloths 540:vertebral columns 329: 328: 323: 315: 189: 16:(Redirected from 6531: 6484: 6483: 6471: 6470: 6458: 6457: 6445: 6444: 6432: 6431: 6419: 6418: 6406: 6405: 6393: 6392: 6391: 6378: 6377: 6376: 6346: 6345: 6333: 6122: 6121: 6095:Pronothrotherium 5989: 5988: 5980: 5979: 5961: 5844: 5843: 5821:Pseudortotherium 5752: 5751: 5690: 5651: 5641: 5631: 5616: 5615: 5612: 5611: 5601: 5600: 5588: 5587: 5577: 5539: 5538: 5349:Glossotheriopsis 5326: 5325: 5275:Octodontotherium 5239: 5238: 5231: 5186:Scelidotheridium 5127:Scelidotheriidae 5125: 5105: 5104: 5101: 5100: 5026: 5021: 5020: 5017: 5016: 4969: 4959: 4929: 4899: 4889: 4881: 4880: 4872: 4871: 4868: 4867: 4855: 4854: 4807: 4800: 4793: 4784: 4783: 4732: 4731: 4727: 4708:Giant anteater ( 4694: 4693: 4671:Silky anteater ( 4657: 4656: 4641: 4634: 4633: 4595: 4594: 4590: 4581: 4580: 4523: 4522: 4518: 4509: 4508: 4493: 4486: 4485: 4431: 4424: 4417: 4408: 4407: 4399:Data related to 4398: 4386: 4372: 4356: 4355: 4353: 4351: 4331: 4325: 4324: 4322: 4320: 4300: 4294: 4293: 4291: 4289: 4274: 4268: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4244: 4238: 4237: 4235: 4233: 4213: 4207: 4206: 4204: 4174: 4168: 4167: 4165: 4163: 4123: 4117: 4116: 4114: 4112: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4063: 4057: 4056: 4054: 4052: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4024: 4022: 4003: 3997: 3996: 3986: 3968: 3936: 3930: 3929: 3911: 3887: 3881: 3880: 3878: 3876: 3855:Montgomery, Sy. 3852: 3846: 3845: 3835: 3825: 3797: 3791: 3790: 3788: 3786: 3771: 3765: 3764: 3762: 3760: 3745: 3739: 3738: 3736: 3734: 3714: 3708: 3697: 3691: 3688:Treetops at Risk 3684: 3675: 3668: 3662: 3651: 3642: 3631: 3625: 3614: 3608: 3601: 3595: 3594: 3592: 3590: 3571: 3565: 3564: 3562: 3560: 3540: 3529: 3528: 3526: 3524: 3484: 3478: 3477: 3475: 3473: 3457: 3451: 3450: 3414: 3408: 3407: 3406: 3404: 3395:, archived from 3386: 3380: 3379: 3367: 3361: 3360: 3358: 3341:(5): 2253–2262. 3326: 3320: 3319: 3291: 3285: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3261: 3255: 3254: 3252: 3250: 3241:. Archived from 3227: 3221: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3210: 3187: 3169: 3160: 3151: 3150: 3132: 3108: 3102: 3101: 3083: 3059: 3053: 3052: 3016: 3010: 3009: 2999: 2981: 2945: 2939: 2938: 2936: 2934: 2915: 2902: 2901: 2899: 2897: 2878: 2872: 2871: 2869: 2867: 2848: 2842: 2841: 2831: 2821: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2741: 2735: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2712: 2702: 2678: 2669: 2668: 2658: 2648: 2616: 2610: 2609: 2607: 2583: 2577: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2528: 2522: 2521: 2511: 2479: 2473: 2472: 2424: 2418: 2417: 2407: 2383: 2377: 2376: 2374: 2346: 2340: 2339: 2337: 2307: 2301: 2300: 2298: 2274: 2268: 2267: 2265: 2263: 2254:. Archived from 2227: 2221: 2220: 2218: 2216: 2210: 2172:(7): 1121–1130. 2163: 2149: 2130: 2129: 2119: 2101: 2077: 2071: 2070: 2044: 2007: 2001: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1976: 1967: 1966: 1960: 1951: 1940: 1939: 1937: 1935: 1920: 1911: 1910: 1900: 1856: 1847: 1846: 1814: 1777:electrical lines 1762:Three-toed sloth 1250: 1249: 1203: 1202: 1196: 1195: 1130: 1129: 1115:Scelidotheriidae 1108: 1107: 1101: 1100: 1094: 1093: 1071: 1070: 1059: 1058: 992:three-toed sloth 917:Greater Antilles 776:Scelidotheriidae 511:List of pilosans 440:Greater Antilles 436:Caribbean sloths 321: 313: 293: 279:Scelidotheriidae 187: 115: 114: 88: 78:three-toed sloth 66: 49:Temporal range: 43: 42: 21: 6539: 6538: 6534: 6533: 6532: 6530: 6529: 6528: 6494: 6493: 6492: 6487: 6479: 6474: 6466: 6461: 6453: 6448: 6440: 6435: 6427: 6422: 6414: 6409: 6401: 6396: 6387: 6386: 6381: 6372: 6371: 6366: 6353: 6343: 6334: 6309: 6276:Proeremotherium 6269:Pliomegatherium 6192:Anisodontherium 6177: 6172:Proprepotherium 6136: 6107: 6016:Nothrotheriinae 6010: 5984:Nothrotheriidae 5978: 5965: 5941: 5833: 5750: 5738:Proplatyarthrus 5683: 5608: 5595: 5578: 5557: 5521: 5474:Glossotheridium 5459: 5440:Magdalenabradys 5404: 5315: 5268:Octodontobradys 5235: 5219: 5193:Scelidotheriops 5118: 5097: 5084: 5015: 5010:Pseudoglyptodon 5001: 4984: 4943:Myrmecophagidae 4937: 4907: 4862: 4849: 4817: 4811: 4781: 4776: 4757: 4751:T. tetradactyla 4729: 4728: 4726: 4716: 4689:Myrmecophagidae 4679: 4646: 4620: 4592: 4591: 4589: 4566: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4498: 4480: 4442: 4435: 4365: 4360: 4359: 4349: 4347: 4332: 4328: 4318: 4316: 4301: 4297: 4287: 4285: 4276: 4275: 4271: 4261: 4259: 4254:. 29 May 2013. 4246: 4245: 4241: 4231: 4229: 4214: 4210: 4175: 4171: 4161: 4159: 4144: 4124: 4120: 4110: 4108: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4080: 4078: 4065: 4064: 4060: 4050: 4048: 4035: 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4005: 4004: 4000: 3937: 3933: 3888: 3884: 3874: 3872: 3853: 3849: 3798: 3794: 3784: 3782: 3773: 3772: 3768: 3758: 3756: 3747: 3746: 3742: 3732: 3730: 3715: 3711: 3698: 3694: 3685: 3678: 3669: 3665: 3652: 3645: 3632: 3628: 3615: 3611: 3602: 3598: 3588: 3586: 3573: 3572: 3568: 3558: 3556: 3541: 3532: 3522: 3520: 3505: 3485: 3481: 3471: 3469: 3458: 3454: 3415: 3411: 3402: 3400: 3387: 3383: 3368: 3364: 3327: 3323: 3308:10.2307/1381249 3292: 3288: 3278: 3276: 3263: 3262: 3258: 3248: 3246: 3228: 3224: 3214: 3212: 3208: 3167: 3161: 3154: 3109: 3105: 3060: 3056: 3017: 3013: 2950:Aiello, Annette 2946: 2942: 2932: 2930: 2917: 2916: 2905: 2895: 2893: 2880: 2879: 2875: 2865: 2863: 2850: 2849: 2845: 2784:Steadman, D. W. 2781: 2777: 2742: 2738: 2728: 2726: 2687:Current Biology 2679: 2672: 2617: 2613: 2584: 2580: 2570: 2568: 2561: 2529: 2525: 2480: 2476: 2425: 2421: 2384: 2380: 2347: 2343: 2308: 2304: 2275: 2271: 2261: 2259: 2252: 2228: 2224: 2214: 2212: 2208: 2161: 2150: 2133: 2078: 2074: 2008: 2004: 1994: 1992: 1977: 1970: 1953: 1952: 1943: 1933: 1931: 1922: 1921: 1914: 1857: 1850: 1835: 1815: 1808: 1803: 1755: 1753:Human relations 1735:Atlantic Forest 1703:Thomas Landseer 1693:Depiction of a 1687: 1658: 1563: 1551: 1527: 1499:triatomine bugs 1462:from predatory 1434: 1410: 1382: 1343: 1338: 1329: 1320: 1311: 1302: 1301: 1300: 1292: 1283: 1257:Nothrotheriidae 1237: 1183: 1182: 1181: 1173: 1164: 1053: 833:Nothrotheriidae 820: 700:two-toed sloths 679:Nothrotheriidae 633:Atlantic Forest 513: 507: 375:Central America 253:Nothrotheriidae 186: 109: 57: 51:Early Oligocene 47: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6537: 6527: 6526: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6489: 6488: 6486: 6485: 6472: 6459: 6446: 6433: 6420: 6407: 6394: 6379: 6363: 6361: 6355: 6354: 6340: 6339: 6336: 6335: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6322: 6319: 6318: 6315: 6314: 6311: 6310: 6308: 6307: 6300: 6293: 6286: 6283:Promegatherium 6279: 6272: 6265: 6258: 6251: 6244: 6237: 6230: 6223: 6220:Megathericulus 6216: 6209: 6202: 6199:Diabolotherium 6195: 6187: 6185: 6179: 6178: 6176: 6175: 6168: 6161: 6154: 6146: 6144: 6138: 6137: 6135: 6134: 6125: 6119: 6113: 6112: 6109: 6108: 6106: 6105: 6098: 6091: 6084: 6081:Nothrotheriops 6077: 6070: 6063: 6056: 6049: 6042: 6035: 6028: 6020: 6018: 6012: 6011: 6009: 6008: 6000: 5992: 5986: 5977: 5976: 5968: 5966: 5958: 5955: 5954: 5951: 5950: 5947: 5946: 5943: 5942: 5940: 5939: 5932: 5925: 5918: 5915:Protomegalonyx 5911: 5908:Pliometanastes 5904: 5901:Pattersonocnus 5897: 5890: 5883: 5876: 5869: 5862: 5855: 5847: 5841: 5839:Megalonychinae 5835: 5834: 5832: 5831: 5824: 5817: 5810: 5803: 5796: 5789: 5782: 5775: 5768: 5760: 5758: 5749: 5748: 5741: 5734: 5727: 5724:Mesopotamocnus 5720: 5712: 5704: 5701:Deseadognathus 5696: 5694: 5692:Megalonychidae 5685: 5684: 5682: 5681: 5673: 5670:Schismotherium 5665: 5657: 5647: 5637: 5627: 5619: 5609: 5606:Megatherioidea 5604: 5597: 5596: 5593:Megatherioidea 5584: 5583: 5580: 5579: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5566: 5563: 5562: 5559: 5558: 5556: 5555: 5554: 5553: 5547: 5545: 5543:Megatherioidea 5535: 5534: 5531: 5530: 5527: 5526: 5523: 5522: 5520: 5519: 5512: 5509:Pleurolestodon 5505: 5498: 5491: 5484: 5477: 5469: 5467: 5461: 5460: 5458: 5457: 5450: 5443: 5436: 5429: 5422: 5419:Bolivartherium 5414: 5412: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5402: 5395: 5388: 5381: 5373: 5366: 5359: 5352: 5345: 5337: 5334:Archaeomylodon 5329: 5323: 5317: 5316: 5314: 5313: 5310:Urumacotherium 5306: 5299: 5292: 5285: 5278: 5271: 5264: 5257: 5254:Eionaletherium 5250: 5247:Baraguatherium 5242: 5236: 5228: 5225: 5224: 5221: 5220: 5218: 5217: 5210: 5207:Sibyllotherium 5203: 5200:Scelidotherium 5196: 5189: 5182: 5175: 5168: 5165:Neonematherium 5161: 5153: 5146: 5139: 5131: 5129: 5120: 5119: 5117: 5116: 5108: 5098: 5093: 5090: 5089: 5086: 5085: 5083: 5082: 5075: 5068: 5061: 5054: 5047: 5040: 5032: 5030: 5014: 5013: 5004: 5002: 4997: 4994: 4993: 4990: 4989: 4986: 4985: 4983: 4982: 4975: 4965: 4955: 4947: 4945: 4939: 4938: 4936: 4935: 4932:Palaeomyrmidon 4925: 4917: 4915: 4909: 4908: 4906: 4905: 4895: 4884: 4878: 4864: 4863: 4851: 4850: 4848: 4847: 4841: 4835: 4829: 4822: 4819: 4818: 4810: 4809: 4802: 4795: 4787: 4778: 4777: 4770: 4767: 4766: 4763: 4762: 4759: 4758: 4756: 4755: 4746: 4736: 4734: 4718: 4717: 4715: 4714: 4704: 4702: 4691: 4685: 4684: 4681: 4680: 4678: 4677: 4667: 4665: 4654: 4648: 4647: 4630: 4629: 4626: 4625: 4622: 4621: 4619: 4618: 4609: 4599: 4597: 4578: 4572: 4571: 4568: 4567: 4565: 4564: 4555: 4551:B. tridactylus 4546: 4537: 4527: 4525: 4506: 4500: 4499: 4482: 4481: 4479: 4478: 4472: 4466: 4460: 4454: 4447: 4444: 4443: 4434: 4433: 4426: 4419: 4411: 4405: 4404: 4403:at Wikispecies 4392: 4380: 4364: 4363:External links 4361: 4358: 4357: 4326: 4309:Deutsche Welle 4295: 4269: 4239: 4208: 4169: 4142: 4118: 4088: 4058: 4028: 3998: 3951:(12): e51389. 3931: 3902:(2): 249–252. 3882: 3847: 3792: 3766: 3740: 3709: 3692: 3676: 3663: 3643: 3626: 3609: 3596: 3566: 3530: 3503: 3479: 3452: 3431:10.1086/394620 3409: 3381: 3362: 3321: 3302:(2): 359–366. 3286: 3256: 3245:on 29 May 2018 3222: 3152: 3103: 3054: 3027:(4): 808–816. 3011: 2940: 2903: 2873: 2858:. March 2014. 2843: 2775: 2756:(4): 473–518. 2736: 2670: 2611: 2598:(2): 255–305. 2578: 2559: 2523: 2474: 2439:(2): 398–410. 2419: 2398:(2): 255–305. 2378: 2341: 2302: 2269: 2250: 2222: 2131: 2072: 2002: 1968: 1941: 1912: 1848: 1833: 1805: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1754: 1751: 1686: 1683: 1657: 1654: 1562: 1559: 1550: 1547: 1526: 1523: 1433: 1430: 1409: 1406: 1381: 1378: 1362:Climate change 1342: 1339: 1335: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1326: 1325: 1322: 1321: 1317: 1316: 1313: 1312: 1308: 1307: 1304: 1303: 1298:Megatherioidea 1296: 1295: 1293: 1289: 1288: 1285: 1284: 1280: 1279: 1276: 1275: 1268: 1265: 1264: 1261: 1260: 1253: 1248: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1239: 1238: 1234: 1233: 1230: 1229: 1221: 1218: 1217: 1214: 1213: 1210:Megalonychidae 1206: 1201: 1199: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1177: 1176: 1174: 1170: 1169: 1166: 1165: 1161: 1160: 1157: 1156: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1133: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1111: 1106: 1104: 1099: 1097: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1086: 1083: 1082: 1074: 1069: 1067: 1057: 1052: 1049: 1034:Megalonychidae 1030:nothrotheriids 963:lifestyle. In 926:Pliometanastes 872:Megalonychidae 819: 816: 794: 793: 792: 791: 772: 765: 764: 763: 741: 690: 689: 688: 675: 668: 665:Megalonychidae 661: 660: 659: 636: 621: 610: 586:Megatherioidea 582: 506: 503: 428:climate change 327: 326: 325: 324: 316: 307: 306: 300: 299: 295: 294: 286: 285: 284: 283: 282: 281: 275: 269: 259: 258: 257: 256: 255: 249: 237: 235:Megalonychidae 231: 226: 218: 208:Megatherioidea 205: 196: 195: 191: 190: 181: 177: 176: 171: 167: 166: 161: 157: 156: 151: 147: 146: 141: 137: 136: 131: 127: 126: 121: 117: 116: 103: 102: 100:two-toed sloth 90: 89: 81: 80: 68: 67: 59: 58: 48: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6536: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6501: 6499: 6482: 6477: 6473: 6469: 6464: 6460: 6456: 6451: 6447: 6443: 6438: 6434: 6430: 6425: 6421: 6417: 6412: 6408: 6404: 6399: 6395: 6390: 6384: 6380: 6375: 6369: 6365: 6364: 6362: 6360: 6356: 6352: 6347: 6332: 6306: 6305: 6301: 6299: 6298: 6294: 6292: 6291: 6287: 6285: 6284: 6280: 6278: 6277: 6273: 6271: 6270: 6266: 6264: 6263: 6259: 6257: 6256: 6252: 6250: 6249: 6245: 6243: 6242: 6238: 6236: 6235: 6231: 6229: 6228: 6227:Megatheridium 6224: 6222: 6221: 6217: 6215: 6214: 6210: 6208: 6207: 6206:Eomegatherium 6203: 6201: 6200: 6196: 6194: 6193: 6189: 6188: 6186: 6184: 6183:Megatheriinae 6180: 6174: 6173: 6169: 6167: 6166: 6162: 6160: 6159: 6155: 6153: 6152: 6148: 6147: 6145: 6143: 6139: 6132: 6131: 6127: 6126: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6117:Megatheriidae 6114: 6104: 6103: 6099: 6097: 6096: 6092: 6090: 6089: 6088:Nothrotherium 6085: 6083: 6082: 6078: 6076: 6075: 6071: 6069: 6068: 6064: 6062: 6061: 6060:Mcdonaldocnus 6057: 6055: 6054: 6050: 6048: 6047: 6043: 6041: 6040: 6039:Chasicobradys 6036: 6034: 6033: 6032:Aymaratherium 6029: 6027: 6026: 6022: 6021: 6019: 6017: 6013: 6006: 6005: 6001: 5999: 5998: 5994: 5993: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5981: 5975: 5974: 5973:Analcimorphus 5970: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5956: 5938: 5937: 5933: 5931: 5930: 5926: 5924: 5923: 5919: 5917: 5916: 5912: 5910: 5909: 5905: 5903: 5902: 5898: 5896: 5895: 5891: 5889: 5888: 5884: 5882: 5881: 5877: 5875: 5874: 5870: 5868: 5867: 5866:Megalonychops 5863: 5861: 5860: 5856: 5854: 5853: 5849: 5848: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5836: 5830: 5829: 5825: 5823: 5822: 5818: 5816: 5815: 5811: 5809: 5808: 5804: 5802: 5801: 5797: 5795: 5794: 5790: 5788: 5787: 5783: 5781: 5780: 5776: 5774: 5773: 5769: 5767: 5766: 5762: 5761: 5759: 5757: 5756:Ortotheriinae 5753: 5747: 5746: 5742: 5740: 5739: 5735: 5733: 5732: 5728: 5726: 5725: 5721: 5718: 5717: 5713: 5710: 5709: 5705: 5703: 5702: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5693: 5686: 5680: 5679: 5678:Similhapalops 5674: 5672: 5671: 5666: 5664: 5663: 5658: 5656: 5655: 5648: 5646: 5645: 5638: 5636: 5635: 5628: 5626: 5625: 5621: 5620: 5617: 5613: 5610: 5607: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5589: 5585: 5576: 5551: 5550: 5549: 5548: 5546: 5544: 5540: 5536: 5518: 5517: 5513: 5511: 5510: 5506: 5504: 5503: 5499: 5497: 5496: 5492: 5490: 5489: 5485: 5483: 5482: 5481:Glossotherium 5478: 5476: 5475: 5471: 5470: 5468: 5466: 5462: 5456: 5455: 5454:Thinobadistes 5451: 5449: 5448: 5444: 5442: 5441: 5437: 5435: 5434: 5430: 5428: 5427: 5423: 5421: 5420: 5416: 5415: 5413: 5411: 5407: 5401: 5400: 5396: 5394: 5393: 5389: 5387: 5386: 5382: 5379: 5378: 5374: 5372: 5371: 5367: 5365: 5364: 5360: 5358: 5357: 5353: 5351: 5350: 5346: 5343: 5342: 5338: 5336: 5335: 5331: 5330: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5318: 5312: 5311: 5307: 5305: 5304: 5300: 5298: 5297: 5293: 5291: 5290: 5286: 5284: 5283: 5279: 5277: 5276: 5272: 5270: 5269: 5265: 5263: 5262: 5258: 5256: 5255: 5251: 5249: 5248: 5244: 5243: 5240: 5237: 5234: 5226: 5216: 5215: 5211: 5209: 5208: 5204: 5202: 5201: 5197: 5195: 5194: 5190: 5188: 5187: 5183: 5181: 5180: 5176: 5174: 5173: 5172:Proscelidodon 5169: 5167: 5166: 5162: 5159: 5158: 5154: 5152: 5151: 5147: 5145: 5144: 5140: 5138: 5137: 5136:Analcitherium 5133: 5132: 5130: 5128: 5121: 5115: 5114: 5110: 5109: 5106: 5102: 5099: 5096: 5095:Mylodontoidea 5091: 5081: 5080: 5076: 5074: 5073: 5069: 5067: 5066: 5062: 5060: 5059: 5055: 5053: 5052: 5048: 5046: 5045: 5041: 5039: 5038: 5034: 5033: 5031: 5029: 5022: 5018: 5012: 5011: 5006: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4995: 4981: 4980: 4976: 4974: 4973: 4966: 4964: 4963: 4956: 4954: 4953: 4949: 4948: 4946: 4944: 4940: 4934: 4933: 4926: 4924: 4923: 4919: 4918: 4916: 4914: 4910: 4904: 4903: 4896: 4894: 4893: 4886: 4885: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4856: 4852: 4846: 4842: 4840: 4836: 4834: 4830: 4828: 4824: 4823: 4820: 4815: 4808: 4803: 4801: 4796: 4794: 4789: 4788: 4785: 4775: 4774: 4768: 4754: 4752: 4747: 4745: 4743: 4738: 4737: 4735: 4725: 4724: 4719: 4713: 4711: 4710:M. tridactyla 4706: 4705: 4703: 4701: 4700: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4686: 4676: 4674: 4673:C. didactylus 4669: 4668: 4666: 4664: 4663: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4644: 4635: 4631: 4617: 4615: 4610: 4608: 4606: 4605:C. didactylus 4601: 4600: 4598: 4588: 4587: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4576:Choloepodidae 4573: 4563: 4561: 4560:B. variegatus 4556: 4554: 4552: 4547: 4545: 4543: 4540:Maned sloth ( 4538: 4536: 4534: 4529: 4528: 4526: 4516: 4515: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4496: 4487: 4483: 4477: 4473: 4471: 4467: 4465: 4461: 4459: 4455: 4453: 4449: 4448: 4445: 4440: 4432: 4427: 4425: 4420: 4418: 4413: 4412: 4409: 4402: 4397: 4393: 4390: 4385: 4381: 4379:at Wiktionary 4378: 4377: 4371: 4367: 4366: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4330: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4299: 4283: 4279: 4273: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4243: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4212: 4203: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4189: 4184: 4182: 4173: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4145: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4130: 4122: 4106: 4102: 4098: 4092: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4062: 4046: 4042: 4038: 4032: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4002: 3994: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3976: 3972: 3967: 3962: 3958: 3954: 3950: 3946: 3942: 3935: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3886: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3851: 3843: 3839: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3796: 3780: 3776: 3770: 3754: 3750: 3744: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3713: 3706: 3702: 3696: 3689: 3683: 3681: 3673: 3667: 3660: 3656: 3650: 3648: 3640: 3636: 3630: 3623: 3619: 3613: 3606: 3600: 3584: 3580: 3579:Animal Corner 3576: 3570: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3491: 3483: 3467: 3463: 3456: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3413: 3398: 3394: 3393: 3385: 3377: 3373: 3366: 3357: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3325: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3290: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3260: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3226: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3166: 3159: 3157: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3131: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3107: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3058: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3015: 3007: 3003: 2998: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2944: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2914: 2912: 2910: 2908: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2877: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2847: 2839: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2798: 2793: 2789: 2788:Martin, P. S. 2785: 2779: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2740: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2677: 2675: 2666: 2662: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2615: 2606: 2601: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2582: 2566: 2562: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2539: 2534: 2527: 2519: 2515: 2510: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2478: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2453:10.1671/2429b 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2423: 2415: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2382: 2373: 2372:10.1644/873.1 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2354: 2345: 2336: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2322: 2317: 2315: 2306: 2297: 2292: 2289:(1): 86–100. 2288: 2284: 2280: 2273: 2257: 2253: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2238: 2233: 2226: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2160: 2156: 2148: 2146: 2144: 2142: 2140: 2138: 2136: 2127: 2123: 2118: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2100: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2086:PLOS Genetics 2083: 2076: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2006: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1975: 1973: 1964: 1959: 1958: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1929: 1925: 1919: 1917: 1908: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1864: 1855: 1853: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1830: 1826: 1825: 1820: 1813: 1811: 1806: 1798: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1750: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1691: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1671: 1669: 1664: 1653: 1650: 1644: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1594: 1592: 1591: 1583: 1579: 1576:) feeding in 1575: 1571: 1567: 1558: 1554: 1546: 1544: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1452: 1450: 1446: 1445:heterothermic 1442: 1437: 1429: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1414: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1386: 1377: 1375: 1374: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1354: 1352: 1348: 1333: 1332: 1324: 1323: 1315: 1314: 1306: 1305: 1299: 1287: 1286: 1278: 1277: 1274: 1273: 1272:Megatheriidae 1267: 1266: 1263: 1262: 1259: 1258: 1252: 1251: 1245: 1244: 1241: 1240: 1232: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1220: 1219: 1216: 1215: 1212: 1211: 1205: 1204: 1198: 1197: 1191: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1180: 1179:Mylodontoidea 1168: 1167: 1159: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1152:Choloepodidae 1147: 1146: 1143: 1142: 1139: 1138: 1132: 1131: 1125: 1124: 1121: 1120: 1117: 1116: 1110: 1109: 1103: 1102: 1096: 1095: 1089: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1073: 1072: 1066: 1065: 1061: 1060: 1056: 1048: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1008: 1003: 1001: 997: 993: 988: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 958: 954: 953: 949: 948:nothrotheriid 945: 941: 937: 936: 935:Thinobadistes 932: 928: 927: 922: 918: 914: 910: 902: 898: 894: 893: 888: 881: 877: 873: 869: 868: 863: 859: 857: 856: 850: 846: 838: 834: 830: 829: 824: 812: 808: 807:Megatheriidae 804: 803: 798: 789: 788: 783: 782: 777: 773: 770: 766: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 742: 739: 736:north of the 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 704: 703: 701: 697: 696: 695: 694:Mylodontoidea 691: 686: 685: 680: 676: 673: 672:Megatheriidae 669: 666: 662: 657: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 634: 630: 628: 622: 619: 617: 611: 608: 604: 602: 596: 595: 593: 589: 588: 587: 583: 580: 576: 572: 568: 567: 566: 564: 559: 557: 553: 550:of the order 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 522: 519:, a group of 518: 512: 502: 500: 496: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 468: 464: 460: 456: 452: 449:, related to 448: 443: 441: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 416: 411: 407: 406: 401: 400: 395: 391: 386: 384: 380: 376: 372: 371:South America 368: 364: 363:ground sloths 360: 356: 352: 349: 345: 341: 333: 320: 317: 311: 310: 308: 305: 301: 296: 292: 287: 280: 276: 274: 270: 268: 267:Choloepodidae 265: 264: 263: 262:Mylodontoidea 260: 254: 250: 248: 247:Megatheriidae 244: 243: 242: 238: 236: 232: 230: 227: 225: 224: 223:Similhapalops 219: 217: 216: 211: 210: 209: 206: 204: 200: 199: 197: 192: 185: 182: 179: 178: 175: 172: 169: 168: 165: 162: 159: 158: 155: 152: 149: 148: 145: 142: 139: 138: 135: 132: 129: 128: 125: 122: 119: 118: 113: 108: 104: 101: 97: 96: 91: 87: 82: 79: 75: 74: 69: 65: 60: 56: 52: 44: 41: 37: 33: 19: 6358: 6302: 6295: 6288: 6281: 6274: 6267: 6260: 6253: 6246: 6239: 6234:Megatheriops 6232: 6225: 6218: 6213:Eremotherium 6211: 6204: 6197: 6190: 6170: 6165:Prepoplanops 6163: 6158:Prepotherium 6156: 6149: 6130:Thalassocnus 6128: 6100: 6093: 6086: 6079: 6072: 6067:Mionothropus 6065: 6058: 6051: 6044: 6037: 6030: 6023: 6004:Thalassocnus 6002: 5995: 5971: 5934: 5927: 5920: 5913: 5906: 5899: 5892: 5885: 5878: 5871: 5864: 5857: 5850: 5826: 5819: 5812: 5805: 5800:Paranabradys 5798: 5791: 5784: 5777: 5770: 5763: 5743: 5736: 5729: 5722: 5714: 5706: 5699: 5676: 5668: 5660: 5652: 5644:Hiskatherium 5642: 5632: 5622: 5514: 5507: 5500: 5493: 5486: 5479: 5472: 5452: 5447:Sphenotherus 5445: 5438: 5431: 5424: 5417: 5410:Lestodontini 5397: 5390: 5383: 5375: 5368: 5363:Mylodonopsis 5361: 5354: 5347: 5341:Brievabradys 5339: 5332: 5321:Mylodontinae 5308: 5301: 5294: 5287: 5280: 5273: 5266: 5259: 5252: 5245: 5233:Mylodontidae 5212: 5205: 5198: 5191: 5184: 5177: 5170: 5163: 5155: 5150:Chubutherium 5148: 5141: 5134: 5111: 5077: 5070: 5063: 5056: 5049: 5042: 5035: 5028:Megalocnidae 5008: 4998: 4977: 4970: 4960: 4952:Myrmecophaga 4950: 4930: 4920: 4913:Cyclopedidae 4902:Orthoarthrus 4900: 4890: 4843:Superorder: 4771: 4750: 4741: 4721: 4709: 4699:Myrmecophaga 4697: 4672: 4660: 4652:Cyclopedidae 4640:Vermilingua 4638: 4614:C. hoffmanni 4613: 4604: 4584: 4559: 4550: 4542:B. torquatus 4541: 4532: 4512: 4504:Bradypodidae 4491: 4490: 4375: 4348:. Retrieved 4339: 4329: 4317:. Retrieved 4308: 4298: 4286:. Retrieved 4272: 4260:. Retrieved 4251: 4242: 4230:. Retrieved 4224:. BBC News. 4221: 4211: 4192: 4186: 4180: 4172: 4162:25 September 4160:. Retrieved 4128: 4121: 4109:. Retrieved 4100: 4091: 4079:. Retrieved 4070: 4061: 4049:. Retrieved 4040: 4031: 4019:. Retrieved 4010: 4001: 3948: 3944: 3934: 3899: 3895: 3885: 3873:. Retrieved 3860: 3850: 3809: 3805: 3795: 3783:. Retrieved 3769: 3757:. Retrieved 3743: 3731:. Retrieved 3722: 3712: 3704: 3700: 3695: 3687: 3671: 3666: 3658: 3654: 3641:(3),336-349. 3638: 3634: 3629: 3624:(3),435-446. 3621: 3617: 3612: 3604: 3599: 3587:. Retrieved 3578: 3569: 3557:. Retrieved 3549:Live Science 3548: 3523:25 September 3521:. Retrieved 3489: 3482: 3470:. Retrieved 3464:. BBC News. 3455: 3425:(1): 13–34. 3422: 3418: 3412: 3401:, retrieved 3397:the original 3391: 3384: 3375: 3371: 3365: 3338: 3334: 3324: 3299: 3295: 3289: 3277:. Retrieved 3268: 3259: 3247:. Retrieved 3243:the original 3238: 3225: 3213:. Retrieved 3175: 3171: 3120: 3116: 3106: 3074:(1): 24–35. 3071: 3067: 3057: 3024: 3020: 3014: 2961: 2957: 2943: 2931:. Retrieved 2922: 2894:. Retrieved 2886:ScienceDaily 2885: 2876: 2864:. Retrieved 2855: 2846: 2801: 2795: 2778: 2753: 2749: 2746:Thalassocnus 2745: 2739: 2727:. Retrieved 2710:11336/136908 2690: 2686: 2628: 2624: 2614: 2595: 2591: 2581: 2569:. Retrieved 2537: 2526: 2491: 2487: 2477: 2436: 2432: 2429:Thalassocnus 2428: 2422: 2395: 2391: 2381: 2365:(1): 37–55. 2362: 2358: 2352: 2344: 2325: 2319: 2313: 2305: 2286: 2282: 2272: 2260:. Retrieved 2256:the original 2236: 2225: 2215:18 September 2213:. Retrieved 2169: 2165: 2089: 2085: 2075: 2016: 2012: 2005: 1993:. Retrieved 1984: 1956: 1932:. Retrieved 1872: 1868: 1863:Eurotamandua 1862: 1823: 1819:Wilson, D.E. 1788: 1785: 1770: 1742: 1730: 1708: 1698: 1685:Distribution 1679:National Zoo 1672: 1659: 1656:Reproduction 1645: 1626: 1595: 1588: 1586: 1573: 1555: 1552: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1517:, mites and 1472:harpy eagles 1453: 1438: 1435: 1428:, with six. 1415: 1411: 1393: 1371: 1370: 1355: 1344: 1297: 1270: 1255: 1225:Bradypodidae 1223: 1208: 1178: 1150: 1137:Mylodontidae 1135: 1113: 1078:Megalocnidae 1076: 1063: 1062: 1054: 1040: 1037:polyphyletic 1026:megatheriids 1019: 1004: 995: 989: 973:Thalassocnus 972: 952:Thalassocnus 950: 933: 924: 906: 897:Mylodontidae 890: 865: 853: 842: 826: 800: 785: 779: 769:Mylodontidae 747: 738:Amazon River 709: 693: 692:Superfamily 684:Thalassocnus 682: 643: 626: 615: 600: 585: 584:Superfamily 571:Megalocnidae 560: 538:with sturdy 514: 490: 482: 450: 446: 444: 413: 403: 397: 387: 354: 339: 338: 335:Green sloth 273:Mylodontidae 261: 240: 229:Bradypodidae 221: 215:Hiskatherium 213: 207: 203:Megalocnidae 183: 160:Superorder: 93: 71: 40: 6383:Wikispecies 6297:Sibotherium 6241:Megatherium 6142:Planopsinae 6046:Huilabradys 6025:Amphibradys 5997:Neohapalops 5936:Zacatzontli 5929:Xibalbaonyx 5894:Nohochichak 5859:Australonyx 5807:Pliomorphus 5793:Ortotherium 5772:Eucholoeops 5745:Urumacocnus 5716:Hyperleptus 5654:Hyperleptus 5516:Simomylodon 5502:Paramylodon 5488:Kiyumylodon 5465:Mylodontini 5426:Lestobradys 5399:Strabosodon 5377:Oreomylodon 5370:Ocnotherium 5282:Octomylodon 5261:Nematherium 5157:Nematherium 4972:Protamandua 4962:Neotamandua 4892:Argyromanis 4876:Vermilingua 4742:T. mexicana 4730:(Tamanduas) 4642:(Anteaters) 4533:B. pygmaeus 4474:Superorder 4468:Infraclass 4232:2 September 3875:6 September 3759:11 February 3589:22 November 3559:22 November 3178:(1): 9–25. 3123:(1): 9–25. 2262:29 November 2240:. Chicago: 2155:Penkman, K. 2092:(7): e109. 1934:29 November 1743:B. pygmaeus 1622:herbivorous 1456:extremities 1341:Extinctions 1016:mylodontids 957:semiaquatic 855:Megatherium 718:the Guianas 712:) found in 646:) which is 499:sloth moths 495:green algae 491:laiskiainen 420:Pleistocene 415:Megatherium 344:Neotropical 319:Phyllophaga 312:Tardigrada 6498:Categories 6053:Lakukullus 5963:Megatheria 5922:Sinclairia 5880:Megistonyx 5852:Ahytherium 5779:Hapaloides 5662:Pelecyodon 5552:see below↓ 5385:Promylodon 5356:Megabradys 5179:Scelidodon 5051:Megalocnus 5037:Acratocnus 4262:2 December 4222:BBC Future 4111:30 October 4081:31 October 3785:9 February 3733:1 December 3674:, 269-280. 3249:23 January 3215:1 December 2933:1 December 2866:1 December 2631:(1): 184. 2042:11336/7302 1995:1 December 1924:"Overview" 1801:References 1773:Costa Rica 1616:and small 1598:omnivorous 1582:Costa Rica 1491:mosquitoes 1483:arthropods 1460:camouflage 1432:Physiology 1402:Costa Rica 1373:Megalocnus 981:seagrasses 931:mylodontid 536:herbivores 532:armadillos 509:See also: 348:xenarthran 322:Owen, 1842 241:Megatheria 180:Suborder: 18:Megatheria 6514:Folivores 6304:Urumaquia 6102:Xyophorus 6074:Nothropus 5873:Megalonyx 5828:Torcellia 5731:Paulocnus 5392:Ranculcus 5289:Orophodon 5113:Choloepus 5044:Imagocnus 4845:Xenarthra 4825:Kingdom: 4586:Choloepus 4492:Folivora 4476:Xenarthra 4152:493329394 3975:1932-6203 3918:1519-6984 3707:(1), 4-4. 3513:493329394 3239:Phenomena 3194:1678-4510 3139:0100-879X 3090:0892-1016 3041:0022-2372 2988:1471-2148 2964:(1): 86. 2543:CRC Press 2414:0024-4082 2202:174813630 2108:1553-7404 2067:206544776 2051:0036-8075 1889:0962-8452 1663:gestation 1649:symbiotic 1635:in which 1543:nocturnal 1495:sandflies 1480:parasitic 1476:commensal 1441:metabolic 1358:megafauna 1051:Phylogeny 1041:Megalonyx 1021:Megalonyx 985:sirenians 921:Oligocene 901:San Diego 818:Evolution 787:Choloepus 714:Venezuela 528:Anteaters 521:placental 517:Xenarthra 467:paresseux 432:radiation 405:Choloepus 379:anteaters 346:group of 194:Families 164:Xenarthra 130:Kingdom: 124:Eukaryota 6519:Pilosans 6455:11800002 6403:Folivora 6389:Folivora 6374:Q2274076 6368:Wikidata 6359:Folivora 5887:Meizonyx 5765:Diodomus 5708:Hapalops 5634:Hapalops 5624:Bradypus 5433:Lestodon 5214:Valgipes 5079:Parocnus 5058:Mesocnus 4999:Folivora 4979:Tamandua 4922:Cyclopes 4839:Mammalia 4833:Chordata 4831:Phylum: 4827:Animalia 4773:Category 4723:Tamandua 4662:Cyclopes 4514:Bradypus 4494:(Sloths) 4470:Eutheria 4464:Mammalia 4458:Chordata 4452:Animalia 4450:Kingdom 4401:Folivora 4389:Folivora 4344:Archived 4340:The Dodo 4319:18 April 4313:Archived 4288:23 March 4282:Archived 4256:Archived 4252:ABC News 4226:Archived 4156:Archived 4105:Archived 4075:Archived 4051:30 April 4045:Archived 4041:BBC News 4021:30 April 4015:Archived 4011:BBC News 3993:23284687 3945:PLOS ONE 3926:12489397 3869:Archived 3842:24452028 3812:(1778). 3779:Archived 3753:Archived 3727:Archived 3723:BBC News 3583:Archived 3553:Archived 3517:Archived 3466:Archived 3447:85162387 3403:17 April 3378:: 94–95. 3273:Archived 3206:Archived 3202:11151024 3147:11151024 3098:86270583 3049:37859321 3006:20353556 2927:Archived 2896:26 April 2890:Archived 2860:Archived 2838:16085711 2770:16700349 2723:Archived 2719:31178321 2665:25319928 2565:Archived 2518:24621950 2469:83859607 2206:Archived 2194:31171860 2126:16848642 2059:23393258 1989:Archived 1928:Archived 1907:11487408 1843:62265494 1781:poachers 1633:stomachs 1629:arboreal 1590:Cecropia 1549:Behavior 1525:Activity 1426:manatees 1388:Feeding 1351:seagrass 1064:Folivora 1007:collagen 996:Bradypus 929:and the 913:pilosans 849:arboreal 756:Honduras 722:Colombia 548:Folivora 544:pelvises 542:, fused 479:Romanian 475:perezoso 459:Faultier 399:Bradypus 359:arboreal 355:Folivora 304:Synonyms 184:Folivora 154:Mammalia 144:Chordata 140:Phylum: 134:Animalia 120:Domain: 55:Holocene 6429:2852810 6248:Ocnopus 6151:Planops 5495:Mylodon 5143:Catonyx 5072:Neocnus 5065:Miocnus 4837:Class: 4814:Pilosan 4456:Phylum 4437:Extant 3984:3526605 3953:Bibcode 3833:3906947 3575:"Sloth" 3439:2808832 3343:Bibcode 3316:1381249 3279:29 June 3231:Ed Yong 2997:2858742 2966:Bibcode 2919:"Sloth" 2852:"Sloth" 2829:1187974 2806:Bibcode 2729:11 June 2656:4243956 2633:Bibcode 2509:3973278 2461:4524727 2441:Bibcode 2174:Bibcode 2117:1513266 2021:Bibcode 2013:Science 1985:Gizmodo 1898:1088784 1764:in the 1723:species 1719:biomass 1705:, 1825) 1618:lizards 1606:carrion 1602:insects 1515:beetles 1468:ocelots 1464:jaguars 1418:mammals 1380:Biology 1366:ice age 977:Miocene 919:by the 915:to the 837:La Brea 781:Mylodon 760:Bolivia 726:Ecuador 648:endemic 524:mammals 487:Finnish 471:Spanish 392:in two 390:species 351:mammals 170:Order: 150:Class: 6504:Sloths 6481:495015 6468:948953 6442:727503 4860:Pilosa 4816:genera 4462:Class 4439:Pilosa 4350:20 May 4150: 4140: 3991: 3981: 3973: 3924: 3916: 3840: 3830: 3511: 3501: 3472:21 May 3445: 3437: 3314: 3200: 3192: 3145: 3137: 3096: 3088: 3047: 3039: 3004: 2994: 2986: 2836: 2826: 2768: 2717: 2663: 2653: 2571:9 June 2557: 2516: 2506: 2467: 2459: 2412: 2248: 2200: 2192: 2124: 2114: 2106: 2065: 2057: 2049: 1905: 1895: 1887: 1841: 1831: 1715:Panama 1614:leaves 1610:fruits 1470:, and 1449:torpor 961:marine 876:fossil 847:to an 811:London 734:Brazil 732:, and 656:Panama 573:: the 556:mammal 552:Pilosa 463:French 455:German 394:genera 383:Pilosa 342:are a 340:Sloths 174:Pilosa 46:Sloths 4376:sloth 3635:Oikos 3443:S2CID 3435:JSTOR 3312:JSTOR 3209:(PDF) 3168:(PDF) 3094:S2CID 3045:S2CID 2766:S2CID 2465:S2CID 2457:JSTOR 2209:(PDF) 2198:S2CID 2162:(PDF) 2063:S2CID 1965:, 54. 1745:) is 1519:moths 1511:mites 1507:ticks 1045:basal 969:Chile 784:than 752:Andes 579:basal 483:leneș 447:Sloth 6463:NCBI 6437:ITIS 4352:2016 4321:2013 4290:2022 4264:2017 4234:2019 4193:2014 4164:2016 4148:OCLC 4138:ISBN 4113:2019 4083:2019 4053:2015 4023:2015 3989:PMID 3971:ISSN 3922:PMID 3914:ISSN 3877:2009 3838:PMID 3787:2021 3761:2022 3735:2017 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