367:
393:) is the fifth-leading cause of death in the working-age population. According to Colombia's National Health Institute data reported in 2003, nearly 240,000 people—mostly women and young people—or 0.6 percent of the population had been infected with the virus since AIDS arrived in Colombia in October 1983. Estimates of the number of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), adults and children (0–49 years of age), in 2005 ranged from 160,000 to 310,000. The comparable figure for women (15–49 years of age) was 62,000. The number of AIDS and
239:
71:
In regards to the right to health amongst the adult population, the country achieves only 91.7% of what is expected based on the nation's level of income. Colombia falls into the "fair" category when evaluating the right to reproductive health because the nation is fulfilling 93.9% of what the nation is expected to achieve based on the resources (income) it has available. The country is in 11th position among 200 countries when measuring the effectiveness of its health system.
142:
30:
603:'s list of the best healthcare systems. Health standards in Colombia have improved very much since the 1980s, healthcare reforms have led to the massive improvements in the healthcare systems of the country. Although this new system has widened population coverage by the social and health security system from 21% (pre-1993) to 96% in 2012,
386:
cause of premature death, followed by strokes, respiratory diseases, road accidents, and diabetes. Waterborne diseases such as cerebral malaria and leishmaniasis are prevalent in lowland and coastal areas. Child immunization for measles in 2004 as a percentage of children under 12 months of age was 92 percent.
553:
Most of the social subsidies and public health programs are focused in strata 1 and 2 (and the newly introduced stratum 0 ). The fraudulent expedition of low level SISBEN ID cards is currently one of the major problems in the healthcare system. Regional politicians are often accused of providing them
397:
cases has been rising. In 2005, the estimated HIV adult prevalence rate (15–49 years of age) was 0.6 percent. As of 2006, between 5,200 and 12,000 people had died from AIDS. Services provided by the new
Multisectoral National Plan, launched in July 2004, include integrated care for people living with
357:
In 2002 Colombia had 58,761 physicians, 23,950 nurses, and 33,951 dentists; these numbers equated to 1.35 physicians, 0.55 nurses, and 0.78 dentists per 1,000 people, respectively. In 2005 Colombia was reported to have only 1.1 physicians per 1,000 people, as compared with a Latin
American average of
381:
Urban and rural residents experienced significant differences in access to health care. The coverage in the three largest cities—Bogotá, Medellín, and Cali—was almost 95 percent. At the rural level, the best services were delivered by the departments in the coffee-growing areas. At the bottom of the
312:
Health standards in
Colombia have improved greatly since the 1980s. A 1993 reform transformed the structure of public health care funding by shifting the burden of subsidy from providers to users. As a result, employees have been obligated to pay into health plans to which employers also contribute.
70:
The Human Rights
Measurement Initiative finds that Colombia is fulfilling 94.0% of what it should be fulfilling for the right to health based on its level of income. When looking at the right to health with respect to children, Colombia achieves 96.3% of what is expected based on its current income.
428:
The national constitution was reformed in 1991 and with this purpose the general system of social security was reformed with the implementation of Law 100, which widely extended health coverage to the population; the economic resources to finance this reform, however, were insufficient, causing the
549:
The System for the
Selection of Beneficiaries for Social Programs (El Sistema de Seleccion de Beneficiarios para Programas Sociales), the national system of identification of beneficiaries for social subsidy, classifies the people according to the residential properties that should receive public
377:
General government spending on health accounted for 20.5% of total government expenditures and for 84.1% of total health expenditures (private expenditures made up the balance) in 2003. Total expenditures on health constituted 5.6 percent of domestic product in 2005. The per capita expenditure on
385:
Since 2001–2 Colombia has halved its homicide rate, which was more than 60 per 100,000 inhabitants, or 28,837, in 2002, one of the world's highest homicide rates. In 2006, a total of 17,206 violent deaths were recorded, the lowest figure since 1987. Other than homicide, heart disease is the main
246:
In 1636, Rodrigo
Enriquez de Andrade started the first faculty of medicine in the New Granada, at St Bartholomew's College with little success because of the prejudices against the medical career in the Spanish culture, where it was considered vulgar and proper of lower-class people. Most of the
562:
The
National Health Superintendent (Superintendencia de Salud) defines which organizations may qualify as EPS according to a number or requirements, including infrastructure, capital, number of users, functionality and covering. The function of the EPS is to sell health service packages to the
554:
in exchange for votes to people that are not genuinely in need. Wrong identification of beneficiaries and political issues present a challenge to the system which is preventing people in need from receiving the subsidies and benefits designed for them.
2677:
262:. The medical care at the time was made almost exclusively in the particular homes of the sick people due lo the lack of health institutions. The first hospital in Colombia was San Pedro Hospital, in the capital city
860:
Otero-Patiño, Rafael (2014). "Snake Bites in
Colombia". In Gopalakrishnakone, P.; Faiz, S.M.A.; Gnanathasan, C.A.; Habib, A.G.; Fernando, R.; Yang, C.-C.; Vogel, C.-W.; Tambourgi, D.V.; Seifert, S.A. (eds.).
1133:
960:
1162:
1790:
1487:
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HIV and provision of antiretroviral drugs. Under the plan, about 12,000 people have been receiving combined antiretroviral therapy (approximately 54% of those requiring it).
835:
1435:
982:
2672:
1266:
302:
1125:
569:
Most EPS providers also offer "Medicina
Prepagada" that offers the highest level of medical attention and priority service to the patient at much higher costs.
894:
382:
scale—in terms of quality and coverage—were the rural areas in the non-Andean regions as well as the marginal neighborhoods in medium-sized and small cities.
313:
This new system has widened population coverage by the social and health security system from 21% (pre-1993) to 56% in 2004, 66% in 2005 and 97% in 2023.
51:
refers to the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being through the services offered by the
952:
294:
1154:
482:
The general principles of the law determine that healthcare is a public service that must be granted under conditions of proficiency, universality,
782:
810:
2566:
1997:
1050:
596:
While no single city or state stands out as being a centralized hub for hospitals, 80% of establishments are found within 16 (of 39 states).
429:
collapse of many public health institutions and affecting the income of the medical staff. The law 100 of 1993 is divided into four books:
2002:
490:
be compulsory, that health providers must have administrative autonomy, and that health users must have free choice of health providers.
1461:
1233:
1018:
919:
200:
severely affect the population, especially children under five years of age, with moderate to severe rates of malnutrition of 21% and
1992:
1569:
1294:
2315:
2285:
1823:
2262:
1000:
643:
247:
medical practice in the country was provided by people without formal education. The first medical book written in
Colombia was "
1365:
1094:
2484:
1941:
1643:
1638:
878:
839:
1439:
1071:
297:
became the first woman to become a Doctor of Medicine from a Colombian institution, the Russian-American graduated from the
1880:
1818:
1803:
1775:
986:
178:
17:
1338:
566:
Some EPS providers offer a "Plan Complementario" that offers more expanded coverage and priority service to the patient.
1410:
1259:
2519:
2160:
1795:
1690:
1582:
933:
305:
became the first Colombian woman to become a Doctor of Medicine from a Colombian institution having graduated from the
664:"Human Rights Measurement Initiative – The first global initiative to track the human rights performance of countries"
2559:
2007:
271:
259:
1202:
1184:
898:
593:
and ambulance services. Private healthcare establishments account for 57% of all establishments within the country.
2019:
1813:
417:
407:
1381:
2700:
2479:
2392:
2115:
2024:
1915:
1633:
671:
306:
1866:
2667:
2462:
2252:
2165:
1984:
1898:
1654:
1613:
1603:
550:
services. All mayors should do the stratification of residential properties of their municipality or district.
447:
499:
SISBEN: Sistema de Identificación de Beneficiarios de Subsidios Sociales (system of identification for social
2325:
2122:
2041:
1598:
1562:
1495:
638:
411:
2552:
2370:
2199:
2142:
2127:
2014:
1780:
1700:
2489:
2425:
2387:
2066:
2056:
1833:
1808:
1680:
533:
MAPIPOS: Manual de Procedimientos y Actividades del POS. (POS-related procedures and activities handbook)
1861:
734:
700:
2034:
1909:
1893:
1856:
1785:
1623:
793:
2079:
2074:
1712:
1670:
600:
347:
38:
814:
2581:
2442:
2420:
2375:
2305:
2290:
2232:
2175:
1959:
1851:
1748:
1555:
1042:
2437:
2430:
2155:
2132:
1888:
1722:
1665:
1660:
298:
2467:
1976:
1954:
1618:
343:
328:
201:
162:
216:
In 1514, a swine plague killed a majority of the thousand inhabitants of Darién in modern-day
2472:
2335:
2242:
2237:
2185:
2046:
2029:
1964:
1946:
1846:
1841:
1732:
1695:
1685:
612:
235:
in Colombia was opened at the same time, in the main square of Bogotá by Pedro Lopez Buiza.
110:
1465:
1025:
2340:
2320:
2247:
2215:
2170:
2137:
2051:
1929:
1608:
166:
64:
52:
530:
Fondo SYGA or FOSYGA: Fondo de Solidaridad y Garantía. (Fund of Solidarity and guarantees)
366:
8:
2655:
2644:
2589:
2512:
2452:
2447:
2365:
2277:
2180:
2110:
2098:
1770:
1765:
1590:
633:
509:
EPS-S: Entidades Promotoras de Salud Subsidiadas. (Subsidized Health promoting entities).
267:
1537:
1290:
327:
in 1964 in Bogotá. On January 10, 1985, Dr. Elkin Lucena performed the first successful
2634:
2624:
2609:
2330:
2300:
2225:
1717:
1628:
317:
286:
282:
1004:
217:
2639:
2614:
2594:
2528:
2457:
2402:
2360:
2345:
2310:
2267:
1758:
1753:
1362:
1227:
1101:
913:
874:
515:
IPS: Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicios de Salud. (Health providing institutions)
483:
324:
91:
79:
335:
Carolina Mendez. On December 14, 1985, the Dr. Alberto Villegas performed the first
2619:
2599:
2380:
2350:
1532:
870:
866:
487:
336:
278:
104:
2604:
2533:
2355:
1522:
1369:
1075:
621:
617:
370:
351:
182:
2629:
2147:
2084:
624:
and treatment centre was declared as a Project of National Strategic Interest.
537:
332:
320:
228:
158:
146:
99:
1334:
1316:
1126:"Colombia has one of the most comprehensive vaccination schemes PAHO Director"
563:
public, and contract such services with the healthcare-providing institution.
2694:
2412:
2397:
2295:
1650:
1403:
1111:
604:
238:
227:
The first graduated medical doctor, Alvaro de Aunón came to New Granada from
170:
130:
87:
60:
937:
524:
CCF: Cajas de Compensación Familiar. (Family welfare financial institutions)
1706:
620:
among the top 44 in Latin America, amounting to 48 percent of the total. A
197:
121:
117:
2544:
1209:
755:
293:
since women could not attend university in Colombia at the time. In 1925,
1188:
394:
350:
by his technical and scientific research in the development of synthetic
290:
135:
82:
are important issues in Colombia because they are major causes of death.
1527:
1389:
471:
The incorporation of private health providers into the healthcare market
416:
As of 2016, Colombia vaccinated against 26 diseases and participated in
220:. In 1550, Cartagena suffered an epidemic of leprosy, which they called
2220:
441:
205:
34:
663:
1436:"Ministra de Salud dice que la cobertura en este sector subió al 96%"
500:
461:
253:
Treatise on Medice and Models for Curing in These Parts of the Indies
190:
186:
151:
1903:
1547:
1252:
521:
ESS: Empresas Solidarias de Salud. (Health solidarity organizations)
263:
42:
1675:
1578:
586:
582:
465:
232:
141:
125:
1155:"¡Empezó la vacunación! Verónica Machado recibió la primera dosis"
258:
In 1740, don Vicente Tomás Cansino started the medical program at
1349:
1320:
1110:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
572:
475:
434:
95:
83:
56:
953:"Estas son las epidemias que han atacado a Colombia en 500 años"
721:
719:
717:
518:
ESE: Empresas Sociales del Estado. (Statal social organizations)
420:. Colombia began vaccinating against COVID-19 in February 2021.
1543:
Adresfosyga.com.co Information about EPS and Health in Colombia
1404:"Measuring Overall Health System Performance for 191 Countries"
1249:
CONGRESO DE COLOMBIA. Ley 142 de 1994 (julio 11), artículo 102.
590:
536:
SOAT: Seguro Obligatorio de Accidentes de Tránsito (Compulsory
512:
INS: Instituto Nacional de Salud (National Institute of Health)
506:
EPS: Entidades Promotoras de Salud. (Health promoting entities)
249:
Tratado de medicina y modelo de curar en estas partes de Indias
174:
1542:
456:
The reform of the Colombian healthcare had three main goals:
783:"Enfermedades reemergentes en Colombia: prevención es acción"
726:
714:
692:
378:
health care in 2005 at an average exchange rate was US$ 150.
266:. The hospital started functioning in 1564, built by bishop
1488:"Centro de Tratamiento e Investigación sobre Cáncer (CTIC)"
527:
POS: Plan Obligatorio de Salud. (Compulsory plan of health)
390:
41:
at the mental health unit of the Federico Lleras Acosta in
29:
108:
with 66% of the cases, except on the Pacific coast, where
1462:"21 Colombian clinics among the best 44 in Latin America"
86:
affects nearly 85% of the national territory, mainly the
486:
and participation. Article 153 of the law mandates that
128:
potential, high mortality rate and wide distribution of
124:
are major public health concerns, because of their high
331:, that allowed the birth of the first Latin American
154:
in the Orinochian and Amazonian regions of Colombia.
138:campaigns against yellow fever on a regular basis.
478:healthcare sector covering the poorest population.
1454:
231:, in 1597 and stayed for a short time. The first
2692:
777:
775:
452:Fourth book: About Complementary social services
274:was opened, built by fray Pedro Pablo Villamor.
98:, with an estimated of 250,000 cases/year and a
836:"Fiebre Amarilla en la Zona Norte de Colombia"
573:Health professionals and the healthcare system
189:are a big concern, because of the shortage in
2560:
1563:
934:"UNICEF Nutrición Infantil y Micronutrientes"
772:
281:became the first Colombian woman to become a
2679:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
859:
2574:
1464:. America Economia magazine. Archived from
1438:(in Spanish). elpais.com.co. Archived from
255:) by Pedro Fernandez de Valenzuela (1662).
2567:
2553:
1570:
1556:
1363:"Ministry of Health - Ministerio de Salud"
1245:
1243:
361:
1001:"Historia de la Medicina – Compumedicina"
440:Second book: About the general system of
169:and nearby areas. Other diseases such as
1528:World Health Organization (WHO) Colombia
365:
237:
140:
28:
1317:"Plan Complementario de Salud EPS SURA"
1240:
1185:"La ley 100 del año 1993 sobre las EPS"
950:
644:Water supply and sanitation in Colombia
493:
14:
2693:
1533:SaludColombia.com - Health care reform
1260:"Preguntas_frecuentes_estratificación"
1232:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
918:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2548:
1577:
1551:
1523:Colombian Ministry of Social Security
1165:from the original on 18 February 2021
1089:
1087:
1085:
389:Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (
242:Old map of the New Kingdom of Granada
1696:Colombia–Peru War (Leticia Incident)
179:Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
134:. The Colombian government develops
1297:from the original on 12 August 2024
963:from the original on 12 August 2024
464:policy, to avoid the statal health
339:in Latin America to Antonio Yepes.
24:
1416:from the original on 13 March 2020
1147:
1082:
577:As of October 1, 2014, there were
423:
25:
2712:
1513:
1291:"Crean estrato 0 para inquilinos"
272:Hospital San Juan de Dios, Bogota
260:Our Lady of the Rosary University
102:of 3/100,000. The main agent is
1639:Military career of Simón Bolívar
727:"Colombia - HRMI Rights Tracker"
418:Vaccination Week In The Americas
408:COVID-19 vaccination in Colombia
74:
2393:Freedom of religion in Colombia
1718:Current internal armed conflict
1634:United Provinces of New Granada
1498:from the original on 2024-08-12
1480:
1428:
1396:
1374:
1356:
1341:from the original on 2024-08-12
1327:
1309:
1283:
1272:from the original on 2012-05-24
1195:
1177:
1136:from the original on 2024-08-12
1118:
1064:
1053:from the original on 2024-08-12
1035:
1011:
993:
975:
944:
926:
737:from the original on 2023-03-29
703:from the original on 2023-03-29
693:"Colombia- HRMI Rights Tracker"
674:from the original on 2023-03-29
307:National University of Colombia
37:resident prepares to carry out
887:
871:10.1007/978-94-007-6288-6_41-2
853:
838:. January 2004. Archived from
828:
803:
748:
685:
656:
448:Occupational safety and health
401:
185:are also present in Colombia.
13:
1:
1409:. World Health Organization.
811:"Guia De Atencion Del Dengue"
649:
639:List of hospitals in Colombia
616:magazine ranked 21 Colombian
412:COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia
1382:"Global Health Intelligence"
1335:"Coomeva Medicina Prepagada"
1043:"Colombia - Country Profile"
951:Gossain, Juan (9 May 2020).
7:
2490:Colombia in popular culture
2263:Water supply and sanitation
1681:Colombian Civil War of 1895
1095:"COUNTRY PROFILE: COLOMBIA"
627:
599:Colombia ranks 22nd on the
10:
2717:
1624:Viceroyalty of New Granada
1494:(in Spanish). 2017-10-12.
1386:Global Health Intelligence
668:humanrightsmeasurement.org
405:
211:
2653:
2580:
2506:
2485:Right-wing paramilitarism
2411:
2276:
2211:
2207:
2198:
2106:
2097:
2065:
1975:
1937:
1928:
1879:
1832:
1744:
1740:
1731:
1671:United States of Colombia
1589:
601:World Health Organization
581:health establishments in
544:
348:Prince of Asturias Awards
252:
114:causes 75% of the cases.
1072:"Historia de la Cirugía"
983:"Artículos para Médicos"
618:health care institutions
2575:Health in South America
1723:Colombian peace process
1666:Granadine Confederation
1661:Republic of New Granada
1538:Euromonitor on Colombia
373:development in Colombia
362:Status of public health
299:University of Cartagena
49:Health care in Colombia
2701:Healthcare in Colombia
2161:Science and technology
1916:Indigenous territories
1619:Kingdom of New Granada
1047:Health in the Americas
865:. Springer, Dodrecht.
557:
460:The achievement of an
374:
344:Manuel Elkin Patarroyo
329:in vitro fertilization
243:
202:iron deficiency anemia
193:supplies countrywide.
155:
45:
940:on February 22, 2008.
610:A study conducted by
406:Further information:
369:
342:On May 20, 1994, Dr.
285:having graduated the
241:
150:is the main cause of
144:
111:Plasmodium falciparum
32:
2316:World Heritage Sites
2286:Archaeological sites
2020:Council of Ministers
1824:World Heritage Sites
1814:Environmental issues
1791:Valleys and Plateaus
1691:Separation of Panama
1676:Republic of Colombia
1644:Wars of independence
1609:Muisca Confederation
1392:on January 27, 2017.
1161:. 17 February 2021.
1007:on February 3, 2007.
760:Human Rights Tracker
494:Glossary of acronyms
167:Santander Department
65:Republic of Colombia
18:Medicine in Colombia
2480:Guerrilla movements
2025:Government agencies
1998:Comptroller General
863:Clinical Toxinology
634:Health care systems
268:Juan de los Barrios
196:Different forms of
63:professions in the
2253:Race and ethnicity
2166:Telecommunications
1899:Metropolitan areas
1686:Thousand Days' War
1629:Foolish Fatherland
1604:Indigenous peoples
1492:presidencia.gov.co
1368:2015-02-06 at the
1293:. 31 August 2005.
1191:on April 25, 2019.
605:health disparities
474:The creation of a
446:Third book: About
433:First book: About
375:
318:refractive surgery
287:University of Bern
283:Doctor of Medicine
244:
156:
46:
2688:
2687:
2660:other territories
2542:
2541:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2194:
2193:
2093:
2092:
2042:Foreign relations
2003:Inspector General
1942:Political parties
1924:
1923:
1875:
1874:
1798:(Protected Areas)
1031:on March 7, 2008.
880:978-94-007-6288-6
756:"Right to health"
731:rightstracker.org
697:rightstracker.org
484:social solidarity
325:Ignacio Barraquer
323:was developed by
80:Tropical diseases
16:(Redirected from
2708:
2680:
2668:Falkland Islands
2582:Sovereign states
2569:
2562:
2555:
2546:
2545:
2522:
2515:
2463:Drug trafficking
2371:National symbols
2351:Muisca mythology
2209:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2151:
2143:Mineral industry
2128:Economic history
2104:
2103:
1935:
1934:
1904:Capital District
1819:Invasive species
1804:Cities and towns
1799:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1614:Spanish conquest
1572:
1565:
1558:
1549:
1548:
1521:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1415:
1408:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1388:. Archived from
1378:
1372:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1277:
1271:
1264:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1238:
1237:
1231:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1214:
1208:. Archived from
1207:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1187:. Archived from
1181:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1122:
1116:
1108:
1106:
1100:. Archived from
1099:
1091:
1080:
1079:
1074:. Archived from
1068:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1024:. Archived from
1023:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1003:. Archived from
997:
991:
990:
985:. Archived from
979:
973:
972:
970:
968:
948:
942:
941:
936:. Archived from
930:
924:
923:
917:
909:
907:
906:
897:. Archived from
891:
885:
884:
857:
851:
850:
848:
847:
832:
826:
825:
823:
822:
813:. Archived from
807:
801:
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171:leishmaniasis
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92:Amazon jungle
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88:Pacific Ocean
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75:Health issues
72:
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66:
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61:allied health
58:
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50:
44:
40:
36:
31:
27:
19:
2656:Dependencies
2421:Human rights
2376:Coat of arms
2306:Video gaming
2291:Architecture
2257:
2233:Demographics
2176:Trade unions
2116:Central bank
1985:Constitution
1960:Conservatism
1908:
1881:Subdivisions
1749:Biodiversity
1707:La Violencia
1705:
1701:World War II
1520:(in Spanish)
1500:. Retrieved
1491:
1482:
1470:. Retrieved
1466:the original
1456:
1444:. Retrieved
1440:the original
1430:
1418:. Retrieved
1398:
1390:the original
1385:
1376:
1358:
1348:– via
1343:. Retrieved
1329:
1319:– via
1311:
1301:29 September
1299:. Retrieved
1285:
1274:. Retrieved
1254:
1217:. Retrieved
1210:the original
1197:
1189:the original
1179:
1167:. Retrieved
1158:
1149:
1138:. Retrieved
1129:
1120:
1109:
1102:the original
1076:the original
1066:
1055:. Retrieved
1046:
1037:
1026:the original
1013:
1005:the original
995:
987:the original
977:
965:. Retrieved
956:
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928:
903:. Retrieved
899:the original
889:
862:
855:
844:. Retrieved
840:the original
830:
819:. Retrieved
815:the original
805:
794:the original
789:
763:. Retrieved
759:
750:
739:. Retrieved
730:
705:. Retrieved
696:
687:
676:. Retrieved
667:
658:
611:
609:
598:
595:
585:, including
578:
576:
568:
565:
561:
552:
548:
481:
455:
437:regulations.
427:
415:
388:
384:
380:
376:
356:
341:
315:
311:
276:
257:
251:" (English:
248:
245:
226:
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198:malnutrition
195:
157:
145:
129:
122:dengue fever
118:Yellow fever
116:
109:
103:
94:and eastern
78:
69:
48:
47:
26:
2438:Immigration
2336:Handicrafts
2258:Health care
2133:Agriculture
1951:Ideologies
1889:Departments
1420:21 December
1019:"SINTITUL-"
476:subsidiated
402:Vaccination
395:hepatitis B
301:. In 1945,
291:Switzerland
222:"elefancia"
136:vaccination
90:coast, the
39:ECT therapy
2468:Corruption
2443:Emigration
2341:Literature
2221:Colombians
2150:(currency)
1977:Governance
1955:Liberalism
1502:2017-12-21
1345:2016-11-25
1276:2017-12-21
1219:2008-03-10
1140:2021-03-30
1057:2024-07-16
905:2011-11-07
846:2011-11-07
821:2013-04-02
765:2024-07-16
741:2022-03-17
707:2022-03-17
678:2022-03-17
650:References
442:healthcare
233:drug-store
206:aguapanela
187:Snakebites
152:snakebites
35:psychiatry
2645:Venezuela
2590:Argentina
2473:Terrorism
2326:Festivals
2321:Carnivals
2243:Languages
2238:Education
2123:Companies
2047:Judiciary
2030:President
2015:Executive
2008:Ombudsman
1965:Communism
1947:Elections
1862:Orinoquía
1852:Caribbean
1776:Mountains
1733:Geography
1446:18 August
1159:El Tiempo
957:El Tiempo
607:persist.
587:hospitals
501:subsidies
462:antitrust
277:In 1877,
191:antivenom
2695:Category
2635:Suriname
2625:Paraguay
2610:Colombia
2529:Category
2426:Intersex
2331:Folklore
2248:Religion
2216:Abortion
2171:Taxation
2138:Industry
2067:Military
2052:Congress
1989:Control
1930:Politics
1599:Timeline
1583:articles
1579:Colombia
1496:Archived
1411:Archived
1366:Archived
1339:Archived
1295:Archived
1267:Archived
1228:cite web
1169:30 March
1163:Archived
1134:Archived
1051:Archived
961:Archived
914:cite web
735:Archived
701:Archived
672:Archived
628:See also
583:Colombia
466:monopoly
126:epidemic
96:savannas
2640:Uruguay
2615:Ecuador
2595:Bolivia
2513:Outline
2453:Smoking
2448:Poverty
2366:Theater
2311:Cuisine
2278:Culture
2200:Society
2181:Tourism
2111:Banking
2099:Economy
1857:Insular
1781:Islands
1771:Geology
1766:Climate
1591:History
1350:YouTube
1321:YouTube
591:clinics
435:Pension
212:History
165:to the
163:endemic
84:Malaria
57:nursing
53:medical
2620:Guyana
2600:Brazil
2534:Portal
2413:Issues
2301:Cinema
2057:Police
1847:Andean
1842:Amazon
1786:Rivers
1581:
1472:9 June
967:11 May
877:
545:SISBEN
264:Bogotá
175:rabies
59:, and
43:Ibagué
2605:Chile
2520:Index
2458:Crime
2403:Sport
2361:Music
2346:Media
2268:Women
2148:Peso
1759:Flora
1754:Fauna
1414:(PDF)
1407:(PDF)
1270:(PDF)
1263:(PDF)
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797:(PDF)
786:(PDF)
579:3,620
358:1.5.
218:Urabá
2630:Peru
2431:LGBT
2381:Flag
2226:list
2085:Navy
2080:Army
1474:2017
1448:2013
1422:2017
1303:2015
1234:link
1171:2021
969:2020
920:link
875:ISBN
410:and
391:AIDS
316:The
181:and
120:and
2658:and
2296:Art
867:doi
558:EPS
289:in
208:).
161:is
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