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487:, and only if they came unarmed. All other ships would be subject to seizure. Due to his purposes in returning castaways, Laxman was granted a pardon in this instance, but he refused to relinquish the castaways until he was given something in writing answering his request for trade. The envoys returned three days later with a document restating the rules regarding trade at Nagasaki and the laws against the practice of Christianity in
1016:
483:, and were, unusually, allowed to maintain their own customs: they did not deny their Christianity, remove their boots indoors or bow to the Shōgun's envoys. The Japanese envoys gave them three swords and a hundred bags of rice, but also informed them that the Shōgun's rules remained unchangeable: foreigners could trade only at
397:
of
Hokkaidō, and had exclusive rights to trade with the Ainu communities of the island and to guarantee the security of Japanese interests there. Relations between the Matsumae and the Ainu was sometimes hostile, demonstrating that their power was not absolute in the region. In 1669, what started as
362:
arrived in
Hokkaidō with a small expedition. He offered gifts and politely asked to trade. The Matsumae official tried to explain that he had no authority to agree to trade on behalf of the shōgun and suggested that the Russians come back the following year. The following September, the Russians did
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536:, essentially became an Ainu reservation. Although Japanese influence and control over the Ainu gradually grew stronger over the centuries, at that time they were mostly left to their own devices and the shogunate did not consider their lands to be Japanese territory. It was only during the
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Japan. The
Russians never did establish any regular system of trade at Nagasaki, and historians today still disagree as to whether the document given to Professor Laxman was an invitation to trade, or an evasive maneuver on the part of the shogunate. The Russian expedition led by
363:
just that. According to some accounts, they had misinterpreted what had been said and expected to trade. Instead their gifts were returned to them, they were forbidden to return to the island, and they were advised that foreign trade was allowed only at
419:, a series of portraits of Ainu chiefs, in order to prove to the Japanese populace that the Matsumae were capable of controlling the northern borders and the Ainu. The 12 paintings of Ainu chiefs were displayed in 1791 in Kyoto.
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sent an envoy to the
Matsumae, requesting that the Russians make their way to the town of Matsumae by land. Sensing a trap, the Russians refused, and they were eventually allowed to make port in
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The expedition reached
Hokkaidō in October 1792, and found the Japanese surprisingly hospitable. The Russians were allowed to spend the winter, and documents about them were sent to the
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471:
in Edo. However, Professor Laxman insisted on bringing the castaways to Edo, and said that he would sail there himself even against the Shōgun's wishes. The
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This 1856 print is entitled "Deputy of the Prince of
Matsmay." This artist's impression of four samurai was among the images that were published after the
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a fight for resources between rival Ainu clans developed into a rebellion against
Matsumae control of the region. It lasted until 1672, when
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246:"barbarians" of the north. In exchange for their service in defending the country, the Matsumae were made exempt from owing rice to the
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in any way. They may well have been the first
Japanese to meet Russians at all within Japanese territory. In 1778, a merchant from
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stayed for six months in the port of
Nagasaki in 1804–1805, failing to establish diplomatic and trade relations with Japan.
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lifted the
Russian ship out of the sea, depositing it a quarter-mile inland. The merchant Lebedev then gave up on Hokkaidō.
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Cropped and enlarged segment of "Deputy of the Prince of Matsmay" (image at left). The detail of the Matsumae clan
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Due to their location, and their role as border defenders, the Matsumae were the first Japanese to negotiate with
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in the late 19th century that the march was dissolved and Hokkaidō was formally annexed, and renamed, by Japan.
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Let the Sea Make a Noise: Four Hundred Years of Cataclysm, Conquest, War and Folly in the North Pacific
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on the clothing of the standing figure in background looks like four diamond-shapes turned sideways.
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The Matsumae Folding Screen depicts in detail the castle town bustling with trade circa 1754–1764.
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The clan, originally known as the Kakizaki clan (蠣崎氏), had settled in Kakizaki,
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sketch of the area around Okikuchi magistrate's office in the Matsumae Domain.
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in any way. Following the Meiji Restoration, the family was appointed
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In 1779, a massive earthquake struck Hokkaidō, and a forty-two-foot
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was finally put down. The last serious Ainu rebellion was the
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The Matsumae clan's fief had extensive contacts with the
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Japanese evacuation of Karafuto and the Kuril Islands
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Kazoku : kindai Nihon kizoku no kyozō to jitsuzō
290:
889:(Shohan ed.). Chūō Kōron Shinsha. p. 337.
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Geographies of Identity in Nineteenth-Century Japan
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925:Prevailing Views of the History of Hakodate City
266:Japan) were required to spend half the year at
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62:) of the Matsumae clan, from the collection of
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434:, came across several Japanese castaways in
226:They were given the area around present-day
155:was a Japanese aristocratic family who were
855:(1431–1494) (ancestor of the Matsumae clan)
223:, the family later took the name Matsumae.
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422:At roughly the same time, in 1789, a
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1565:Seaboard World Airlines Flight 253A
16:Japanese clan in Matsumae, Hokkaido
13:
980:. University of California Press.
970:
927:] (in Japanese). Vol. 1.
633:of the Matsumae Domain before the
291:Relations with the Ainu and Russia
277:in 1868, the family was appointed
175:. They were given the domain as a
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1528:Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)
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644:(–1616) (son of Kakizaki Suehiro)
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299:Black seal letter of 1604 from
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524:, a Matsumae lord of the late
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1543:Invasion of the Kuril Islands
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1642:1590 establishments in Japan
993:The House Record of Matsumae
215:. Claiming descent from the
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1454:Other geographical features
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635:abolition of the han system
494:Adam Johann von Krusenstern
432:Russian Academy of Sciences
338:"opened the door" to Japan.
147:
10:
1658:
1523:Menashi–Kunashir rebellion
1027:National Archives of Japan
983:McDougall, Walter (1993).
404:Menashi-Kunashir Rebellion
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1606:Maarten Gerritszoon Vries
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360:Pavel Lebedev-Lastochkin
230:, what would become the
1466:Ilya Muromets Waterfall
987:. New York: Avon Books.
931:. 1980. pp. 334 f.
56:Banner with the crest (
1481:Kuril–Kamchatka Trench
976:Howell, David (2005).
955:Encyclopedia Nipponica
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381:Palace reception near
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169:Azuchi–Momoyama period
1560:Kuril Islands dispute
625:Matsumae Domain Lords
569:, his general during
565:; adoptive father of
544:Kakizaki Family Heads
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1637:People from Hokkaido
1023:at Wikimedia Commons
883:Otabe, Yūji (2006).
64:Heinrich von Siebold
456:Catherine the Great
442:, off the coast of
400:Shakushain's Revolt
213:Shimokita Peninsula
1533:Russo-Japanese War
1445:Zavaritski Caldera
1300:Goryashchaya Sopka
1290:Golets-Torny Group
864:Matsuura Takeshirō
744:Matsumae Michihiro
642:Matsumae Yoshihiro
618:Matsumae Yoshihiro
590:Kakizaki Yoshihiro
576:Kakizaki Mitsuhiro
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308:Matsumae Yoshihiro
240:Toyotomi Hideyoshi
228:Matsumae, Hokkaidō
181:Toyotomi Hideyoshi
165:Matsumae, Hokkaidō
80:Matsumae, Hokkaido
1614:
1613:
1548:Battle of Shumshu
1415:Tao-Rusyr Caldera
1084:Antsiferov Island
1019:Media related to
830:Matsumae Nagahiro
814:Matsumae Norihiro
808:Matsumae Takahiro
792:Matsumae Masahiro
728:Matsumae Sukehiro
712:Matsumae Kunihiro
696:Matsumae Norihiro
680:Matsumae Takahiro
549:Kakizaki Sueshige
538:Meiji Restoration
522:Matsumae Takahiro
275:Meiji Restoration
262:(feudal lords of
173:Meiji Restoration
163:, in present-day
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1538:Hawaii Operation
1490:Cities and towns
1440:Vernadskii Ridge
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991:First volume of
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1360:Milna (volcano)
1340:Lomonosov Group
1315:Karpinsky Group
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1169:Polonsky Island
1144:Lowuschki Rocks
1139:Kunashir Island
1119:Habomai Islands
1109:Chyornye Bratya
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971:Further reading
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958:(in Japanese).
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481:Matsumae Castle
389:bringing gifts.
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324:Hokkaido Museum
316:Matsumae Domain
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1581:Ainu people
1471:Kasatka Bay
1355:Mendeleyeva
1335:Kuntomintar
1325:Kharimkotan
1255:Chirinkotan
1250:Chikurachki
1184:Shiashkotan
1134:Kharimkotan
1104:Chirinkotan
920:函館市史 通説編第1巻
810:(1849–1865)
616:(father of
460:Adam Laxman
426:professor,
416:Ishūretsuzō
281:in the new
238:in 1590 by
217:Takeda clan
179:in 1590 by
167:, from the
93:Takeda clan
1621:Categories
1425:Tri Sestry
1370:Prevo Peak
1310:Ivao Group
1240:Berutarube
1230:Atsonupuri
1164:Paramushir
1149:Makanrushi
960:Shōgakukan
870:References
561:, lord of
526:Edo period
264:Edo period
236:march fief
177:march fief
171:until the
1365:Nemo Peak
1350:Medvezhya
1285:Fuss Peak
1218:Volcanoes
440:Aleutians
430:, of the
409:In 1790,
406:in 1789.
385:in 1751.
287:peerage.
248:shogunate
1435:Ushishur
1395:Shirinki
1295:Golovnin
1235:Baransky
1204:Ushishir
1199:Simushir
1189:Shikotan
1159:Onekotan
1099:Broutona
905:65474403
847:See also
489:Tokugawa
485:Nagasaki
477:Hakodate
383:Hakodate
365:Nagasaki
310:, first
279:Viscount
205:Kawauchi
193:Viscount
116:Viscount
31:Matsumae
21:In this
1497:Kurilsk
1430:Uratman
1410:Srednii
1405:Smirnov
1400:Sinarka
1385:Rudakov
1380:Rasshua
1375:Raikoke
1265:Chirpoi
1194:Shumshu
1179:Rasshua
1174:Raikoke
1077:Islands
962:. 1994.
448:Siberia
436:Irkutsk
424:Finnish
372:tsunami
356:Yakutsk
259:daimyōs
234:, as a
211:on the
199:History
27:surname
1574:People
1516:Events
1420:Tyatya
1280:Ekarma
1260:Chirip
1124:Iturup
1114:Ekarma
1002:daimyō
903:
893:
631:daimyō
473:bakufu
468:bakufu
444:Alaska
352:Russia
312:daimyō
301:shogun
284:kazoku
189:Russia
157:daimyo
110:Daimyō
102:Titles
25:, the
1320:Ketoi
1275:Ebeko
1270:Demon
1225:Alaid
1154:Matua
1129:Ketoy
923:[
209:Mutsu
1209:Urup
1094:Awos
901:OCLC
891:ISBN
837:松前修広
821:松前徳広
799:松前昌広
783:松前良広
767:松前章広
751:松前道広
735:松前資広
719:松前邦広
703:松前矩広
687:松前高広
671:松前氏広
655:松前公広
610:蠣崎季広
596:蠣崎義広
582:蠣崎光広
555:蠣崎季繁
496:and
395:Ainu
387:Ainu
244:Ainu
185:Ainu
134:The
128:1590
950:松前氏
534:Ezo
510:mon
320:Ezo
314:of
306:to
268:Edo
219:of
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142:松前氏
59:mon
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