60:
1308:, then to calculate the change in employment from one period to the next we must add the formation of new matches and subtract off the separation of old matches. A period may be treated as a week, a month, a quarter, or some other convenient period of time, depending on the data under consideration. (For simplicity, we are ignoring the entry of new workers into the labor force, and the death or retirement of old workers, but these issues can be accounted for as well.) Suppose we write the number of workers employed in period
819:
831:
1247:. However, whereas a production function usually represents the production of goods and services from inputs like labor and capital, a matching function represents the formation of new relationships from the pools of available unmatched individuals. Estimates of the labor market matching function suggest that it has
905:
outcome when one or more types of searchers interact. It offers a way of modeling markets in which frictions prevent instantaneous adjustments of the level of economic activity. Among other applications, it has been used as a framework for studying
1566:
as a fixed constant. But the fraction of workers separating per period of time can be determined endogenously if we assume that the value of being matched varies over time for each worker-firm pair (due, for example, to changes in
1056:
1539:
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1564:
1306:
1412:
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1205:
1154:
3041:
1081:
1438:
1328:
1176:
1125:
1103:
776:
1699:
Economic Prize
Committee of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, 'The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2010'
861:
17:
945:
A matching function is a mathematical relationship that describes the formation of new relationships (also called 'matches') from unmatched
882:
is a mathematical framework attempting to describe the formation of mutually beneficial relationships over time. It is closely related to
3006:
2962:
959:
949:
of the appropriate types. For example, in the context of job formation, matching functions are sometimes assumed to have the following '
1446:
893:, where it has been used to describe the formation of new jobs. Search and matching theory evolved from an earlier framework called '
1602:, but some economists have recently questioned its quantitative accuracy. While unemployment exhibits large fluctuations over the
395:
171:
1683:
950:
854:
2010:
1933:
532:
380:
1755:
Mortensen, Dale; Pissarides, Christopher (1994). "Job creation and job destruction in the theory of unemployment".
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3036:
847:
2444:
1610:
has demonstrated that standard versions of matching models predict much smaller fluctuations in unemployment.
2414:
2404:
2097:
1804:
578:
385:
2625:
2564:
2537:
1598:
Matching theory has been widely accepted as one of the best available descriptions of the frictions in the
1440:. Then given the matching function described above, the dynamics of employment over time would be given by
1333:
1211:
firms are trying to fill. The number of new relationships (matches) created (per unit of time) is given by
517:
505:
1286:
If the fraction of jobs that separate (due to firing, quits, and so forth) from one period to the next is
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2549:
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2360:
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2319:
407:
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161:
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2542:
2232:
2222:
1757:
527:
510:
390:
3031:
2112:
1796:
1248:
922:
412:
1892:
2996:
2942:
2685:
2640:
2479:
2350:
2227:
1848:
1698:
934:
601:
566:
402:
2700:
1254:
2650:
2484:
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3001:
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2177:
2117:
2082:
2017:
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1640:
1421:
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220:
1950:
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149:
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2197:
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1839:
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232:
2775:
1825:
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1711:
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2910:
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2860:
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2281:
1990:
1958:
1843:
1603:
1156:
represents the number of unemployed job seekers in the economy at a given time
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84:
59:
51:
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2515:
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1968:
1878:(2005). "The cyclical behavior of equilibrium unemployment and vacancies".
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1568:
901:
decision of an individual searcher, search and matching theory studies the
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227:
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2675:
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1973:
1730:
1415:
753:
264:
249:
1583:
Formation of jobs, from unemployed workers and vacancies opened by firms
2805:
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2382:
1861:
1778:
1738:
1579:
Matching theory has been applied in many economic contexts, including:
683:
613:
549:
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2655:
2585:
1942:
875:
781:
623:
254:
139:
94:
1770:
1589:
The role of money in facilitating sales when sellers and buyers meet
921:. A textbook treatment of the matching approach to labor markets is
2434:
1051:{\displaystyle m_{t}\;=\;M(u_{t},v_{t})\;=\;\mu u_{t}^{a}v_{t}^{b}}
1534:{\displaystyle n_{t+1}\;=\mu u_{t}^{a}v_{t}^{b}+(1-\delta )n_{t}}
1712:"Looking into the black box: a survey of the matching function"
937:
for 'fundamental contributions to search and matching theory'.
830:
889:
Search and matching theory has been especially influential in
1846:(1993). "A search-theoretic approach to monetary economics".
422:
198:
1911:
1797:"Liquidity flows and the fragility of business enterprises"
1710:
Petrongolo, Barbara; Pissarides, Christopher (2001).
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1111:
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913:
One of the founders of search and matching theory is
1709:
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1533:
1432:
1406:
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1199:
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1050:
3042:Mathematical and quantitative methods (economics)
1243:A matching function is in general analogous to a
3023:
1791:
1586:Allocation of loans from banks to entrepreneurs
1838:
1927:
855:
1934:
1920:
1673:
1466:
1127:are positive constants. In this equation,
1014:
1010:
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929:. Mortensen and Pissarides, together with
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14:
3024:
1874:
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1748:
172:Measures of national income and output
1915:
1795:; Ramey, Garey; Watson, Joel (2003).
1378:{\displaystyle \,n_{t}=L_{t}-u_{t}\,}
1664:
2011:Agent-based computational economics
1745:
1544:For simplicity, many studies treat
897:'. Where search theory studies the
27:Mathematical framework in economics
24:
25:
3053:
2469:neoclassical–Keynesian synthesis
1674:Pissarides, Christopher (2000).
829:
817:
58:
18:Matching theory (macroeconomics)
1676:Equilibrium Unemployment Theory
1574:
927:Equilibrium Unemployment Theory
34:approach in applied statistics.
1868:
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1719:Journal of Economic Literature
1703:
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777:Publications in macroeconomics
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1:
2405:Critique of political economy
1941:
1818:10.1016/S0304-3932(03)00077-1
1805:Journal of Monetary Economics
1657:
1276:{\displaystyle a+b\approx 1}
30:Not to be confused with the
7:
1678:(2nd ed.). MIT Press.
1613:
1559:{\displaystyle \,\delta \,}
1301:{\displaystyle \,\delta \,}
10:
3058:
2543:Real business-cycle theory
1758:Review of Economic Studies
880:search and matching theory
528:New neoclassical synthesis
511:Real business-cycle theory
29:
2983:
2941:
2583:
2317:
2066:
2031:
1949:
1407:{\displaystyle \,L_{t}\,}
1249:constant returns to scale
1233:{\displaystyle \,m_{t}\,}
1200:{\displaystyle \,v_{t}\,}
1149:{\displaystyle \,u_{t}\,}
923:Christopher A. Pissarides
1902:10.1257/0002828053828572
1880:American Economic Review
1849:American Economic Review
1076:{\displaystyle \,\mu \,}
935:Nobel Prize in Economics
933:, were awarded the 2010
533:Saltwater and freshwater
2183:Industrial organization
2006:Computational economics
1646:Matching (graph theory)
919:Northwestern University
908:frictional unemployment
461:International economics
386:Overlapping generations
3037:Microeconomic theories
2388:Modern monetary theory
2053:Experimental economics
2023:Pluralism in economics
1996:Mathematical economics
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884:stable matching theory
804:Mathematical economics
555:Modern monetary theory
318:Universal basic income
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1435:
1433:{\displaystyle \,t\,}
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1325:
1323:{\displaystyle \,t\,}
1303:
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1202:
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1171:{\displaystyle \,t\,}
1151:
1122:
1120:{\displaystyle \,b\,}
1100:
1098:{\displaystyle \,a\,}
1078:
1053:
941:The matching function
644:Wesley Clair Mitchell
619:Thomas Robert Malthus
456:Development economics
2262:Social choice theory
2018:Behavioral economics
2001:Complexity economics
1731:10.1257/jel.39.2.390
1641:Nash bargaining game
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221:Liquidity preference
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2046:Economic statistics
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1245:production function
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1032:
836:Business portal
772:Macroeconomic model
649:John Maynard Keynes
446:Economic statistics
391:General equilibrium
1840:Kiyotaki, Nobuhiro
1636:Monetary economics
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724:Edward C. Prescott
451:Monetary economics
3019:
3018:
2550:New institutional
1685:978-0-262-16187-9
1207:is the number of
915:Dale T. Mortensen
872:
871:
799:Political economy
754:N. Gregory Mankiw
744:Thomas J. Sargent
589:Market monetarism
403:Endogenous growth
233:National accounts
16:(Redirected from
3049:
3032:Labour economics
2223:Natural resource
2058:Economic history
1984:Mechanism design
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1812:(6): 1215–1241.
1801:
1793:Haan, Wouter den
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931:Peter A. Diamond
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824:Money portal
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820:
734:William Nordhaus
719:Robert Lucas Jr.
609:François Quesnay
245:Nominal rigidity
216:Demand for money
194:Microfoundations
130:Financial crisis
110:Effective demand
80:Aggregate supply
75:Aggregate demand
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1979:Contract theory
1964:Decision theory
1945:
1940:
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1893:10.1.1.422.8639
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1837:
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891:labor economics
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739:Joseph Stiglitz
699:Milton Friedman
679:Friedrich Hayek
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408:Matching theory
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1959:Microeconomics
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1876:Shimer, Robert
1867:
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1784:
1765:(3): 397–415.
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1725:(2): 390–431.
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1542:
1541:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1428:
1400:
1396:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1318:
1296:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1226:
1222:
1193:
1189:
1166:
1142:
1138:
1115:
1093:
1071:
1059:
1058:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
987:
983:
980:
976:
970:
966:
942:
939:
870:
869:
867:
866:
859:
852:
844:
841:
840:
839:
838:
826:
811:
810:
807:
806:
801:
796:
794:Microeconomics
791:
790:
789:
779:
774:
768:
765:
764:
761:
760:
757:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
709:Lawrence Klein
706:
704:Paul Samuelson
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
659:Michał Kalecki
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
605:
600:
599:
596:
595:
592:
591:
586:
581:
579:Disequilibrium
576:
575:
574:
567:Post-Keynesian
564:
559:
558:
557:
547:
536:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
514:
513:
503:
498:
497:
496:
491:
477:
472:
471:
468:
467:
464:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
437:
435:Related fields
434:
433:
430:
429:
426:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
399:
398:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
361:Phillips curve
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
332:
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
294:
291:
290:
287:
286:
283:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
241:
240:
230:
225:
224:
223:
213:
211:Money creation
208:
207:
206:
196:
191:
190:
189:
184:
179:
169:
167:Liquidity trap
164:
159:
154:
153:
152:
147:
137:
132:
127:
126:
125:
120:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
85:Business cycle
82:
77:
71:
69:Basic concepts
68:
67:
64:
63:
55:
54:
52:Macroeconomics
48:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3054:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2596:de Mandeville
2594:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2582:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2538:New classical
2536:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:Malthusianism
2492:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2455:Institutional
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2258:Public choice
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2233:Participation
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2193:Institutional
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2143:Expeditionary
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2133:Environmental
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1932:
1930:
1925:
1923:
1918:
1917:
1914:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1835:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1759:
1751:
1749:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1700:
1695:
1687:
1681:
1677:
1670:
1668:
1663:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1621:Search theory
1619:
1618:
1611:
1609:
1608:Robert Shimer
1605:
1601:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1572:
1570:
1552:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1426:
1417:
1398:
1394:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1339:
1316:
1294:
1284:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1224:
1220:
1210:
1191:
1187:
1164:
1140:
1136:
1113:
1091:
1069:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1002:
998:
994:
989:
985:
978:
974:
968:
964:
956:
955:
954:
952:
948:
938:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
911:
909:
904:
903:macroeconomic
900:
899:microeconomic
896:
895:search theory
892:
887:
885:
881:
877:
865:
860:
858:
853:
851:
846:
845:
843:
842:
837:
832:
827:
825:
815:
814:
813:
812:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
788:
785:
784:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
769:
763:
762:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
729:Peter Diamond
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
714:Edmund Phelps
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
689:Richard Stone
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
674:Joan Robinson
672:
670:
669:Simon Kuznets
667:
665:
664:Gunnar Myrdal
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
639:Irving Fisher
637:
635:
634:Knut Wicksell
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
606:
603:
598:
597:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
573:
570:
569:
568:
565:
563:
560:
556:
553:
552:
551:
548:
546:
543:
542:
541:
540:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
512:
509:
508:
507:
506:New classical
504:
502:
499:
495:
492:
490:
487:
486:
485:
482:
481:
480:
475:
470:
469:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
438:
432:
431:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
397:
394:
393:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
327:
326:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
295:
289:
288:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
260:Shrinkflation
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
239:
236:
235:
234:
231:
229:
226:
222:
219:
218:
217:
214:
212:
209:
205:
202:
201:
200:
197:
195:
192:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
174:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
157:Interest rate
155:
151:
148:
146:
143:
142:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
124:
121:
119:
116:
115:
114:Expectations
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
101:
98:
96:
93:
91:
88:
86:
83:
81:
78:
76:
73:
72:
66:
65:
61:
57:
56:
53:
50:
49:
45:
41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
3007:Publications
2963:Publications
2930:
2526:Neoclassical
2516:Mercantilism
2425:Evolutionary
2287:Sociological
2260: /
2158:Geographical
2138:Evolutionary
2113:Digitization
2078:Agricultural
2041:Econometrics
1969:Price theory
1886:(1): 25–49.
1883:
1879:
1870:
1856:(1): 63–77.
1853:
1847:
1834:
1809:
1803:
1787:
1762:
1756:
1722:
1718:
1705:
1694:
1675:
1600:labor market
1597:
1578:
1575:Applications
1569:productivity
1543:
1285:
1242:
1060:
951:Cobb–Douglas
944:
926:
912:
888:
879:
873:
749:Paul Krugman
694:Hyman Minsky
654:Alvin Hansen
538:
537:
478:
441:Econometrics
418:Overshooting
371:Harrod–Domar
366:Arrow–Debreu
313:Central bank
280:Unemployment
270:Supply shock
228:Money supply
105:Disinflation
100:Demand shock
36:
2801:von Neumann
2570:Supply-side
2555:Physiocracy
2499:Marginalism
2188:Information
2128:Engineering
2108:Development
2103:Demographic
1974:Game theory
1951:Theoretical
1594:Controversy
1416:labor force
1251:, that is,
1209:vacant jobs
629:LĂ©on Walras
523:Supply-side
356:Accelerator
265:Stagflation
250:Price level
145:Demand-pull
3026:Categories
2958:Economists
2831:Schumacher
2736:Schumpeter
2706:von Wieser
2626:von ThĂĽnen
2586:Economists
2485:Circuitism
2450:Humanistic
2445:Historical
2420:Ecological
2410:Democratic
2383:Chartalism
2373:Behavioral
2336:Mainstream
2297:Statistics
2292:Solidarity
2213:Managerial
2178:Humanistic
2173:Historical
2118:Ecological
2083:Behavioral
1658:References
1418:in period
684:John Hicks
614:Adam Smith
572:Circuitism
562:Ecological
550:Chartalism
501:Monetarism
479:Mainstream
376:Solow–Swan
351:Multiplier
308:Commercial
204:Endogenous
162:Investment
2876:Greenspan
2841:Samuelson
2821:Galbraith
2791:Tinbergen
2731:von Mises
2726:Heckscher
2686:Edgeworth
2565:Stockholm
2560:Socialist
2460:Keynesian
2440:Happiness
2400:Classical
2361:Mutualism
2356:Anarchist
2341:Heterodox
2238:Personnel
2198:Knowledge
2163:Happiness
2153:Financial
2123:Education
2098:Democracy
2033:Empirical
1943:Economics
1888:CiteSeerX
1553:δ
1516:δ
1513:−
1471:μ
1362:−
1295:δ
1268:≈
1070:μ
1016:μ
876:economics
782:Economics
624:Karl Marx
539:Heterodox
518:Stockholm
484:Keynesian
255:Recession
150:Cost-push
140:Inflation
95:Deflation
2987:Category
2967:journals
2953:Glossary
2906:Stiglitz
2871:Rothbard
2851:Buchanan
2836:Friedman
2826:Koopmans
2816:Leontief
2796:Robinson
2681:Marshall
2531:Lausanne
2435:Georgism
2430:Feminist
2378:Buddhist
2368:Austrian
2267:Regional
2243:Planning
2218:Monetary
2148:Feminist
2093:Cultural
2088:Business
1826:10864047
1614:See also
1385:, where
953:' form:
766:See also
545:Austrian
303:Monetary
292:Policies
123:Rational
118:Adaptive
44:a series
42:Part of
32:matching
3002:Outline
2973:Schools
2965: (
2926:Piketty
2921:Krugman
2786:Kuznets
2776:Kalecki
2751:Polanyi
2641:Cournot
2636:Bastiat
2621:Ricardo
2611:Malthus
2601:Quesnay
2504:Marxian
2395:Chicago
2325:history
2320:Schools
2307:Welfare
2277:Service
2068:Applied
1862:2117496
1779:2297896
1739:2698244
1414:is the
925:' book
787:Applied
584:Marxian
474:Schools
2911:Thaler
2891:Ostrom
2886:Becker
2881:Sowell
2861:Baumol
2766:Myrdal
2761:Sraffa
2756:Frisch
2746:Knight
2741:Keynes
2716:Fisher
2711:Veblen
2696:Pareto
2676:Menger
2671:George
2666:Jevons
2661:Walras
2651:Gossen
2575:Thermo
2253:Public
2248:Policy
2203:Labour
2168:Health
1890:
1860:
1824:
1777:
1737:
1682:
1178:, and
1105:, and
1061:where
947:agents
602:People
330:Models
298:Fiscal
275:Saving
135:Growth
2997:Lists
2992:Index
2943:Lists
2916:Hoppe
2901:Lucas
2866:Solow
2856:Arrow
2846:Simon
2811:Lange
2806:Hicks
2781:Röpke
2771:Hayek
2721:Pigou
2691:Clark
2606:Smith
2521:Mixed
2480:Post-
2302:Urban
2282:Socio
2272:Rural
1858:JSTOR
1822:S2CID
1800:(PDF)
1775:JSTOR
1735:JSTOR
1715:(PDF)
423:NAIRU
341:AD–AS
336:IS–LM
199:Money
2932:more
2656:Marx
2646:Mill
2631:List
2509:Neo-
2465:Neo-
1680:ISBN
489:Neo-
396:DSGE
90:CAGR
2896:Sen
2616:Say
2475:New
2208:Law
1898:doi
1814:doi
1767:doi
1727:doi
1571:).
1330:as
917:of
886:.
874:In
494:New
238:SNA
187:NNI
182:GNI
177:GDP
3028::
1896:.
1884:95
1882:.
1854:83
1852:.
1842:;
1820:.
1810:50
1808:.
1802:.
1773:.
1763:61
1761:.
1747:^
1733:.
1723:39
1721:.
1717:.
1666:^
1606:,
1283:.
1240:.
1083:,
910:.
878:,
46:on
2969:)
2471:)
2467:(
2327:)
2323:(
1935:e
1928:t
1921:v
1904:.
1900::
1864:.
1828:.
1816::
1781:.
1769::
1741:.
1729::
1688:.
1527:t
1523:n
1519:)
1510:1
1507:(
1504:+
1499:b
1494:t
1490:v
1484:a
1479:t
1475:u
1468:=
1462:1
1459:+
1456:t
1452:n
1427:t
1399:t
1395:L
1370:t
1366:u
1357:t
1353:L
1349:=
1344:t
1340:n
1317:t
1271:1
1265:b
1262:+
1259:a
1225:t
1221:m
1192:t
1188:v
1165:t
1141:t
1137:u
1114:b
1092:a
1044:b
1039:t
1035:v
1029:a
1024:t
1020:u
1012:=
1008:)
1003:t
999:v
995:,
990:t
986:u
982:(
979:M
975:=
969:t
965:m
863:e
856:t
849:v
20:)
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