2564:
Four of the standing committees deal primarily with legislation; the Budget and
Taxation Committee, the Education, Energy, and Environment Committee, the Finance Committee, and the Judicial Proceedings Committee. The Chairs of these legislative committees have the power to determine whether their committees will hear a bill, and they therefore have significant influence over legislation. The Executive Nominations Committee manages the Senate's responsibility to confirm gubernatorial appointments and makes recommendations of approval and disapproval to the body as a whole. Lastly, the Rules Committee sets the rules and procedures of the body. It also has the power to review legislation that has been introduced by a member of the Senate after the deadline for submission, and decide whether to refer it to a standing committee or let it die. Along with serving on the Senate committees, members of the Senate also serve on a number of joint committees with members of the House of Delegates.
641:
drafting of legislative language. Between 2000 and 2005, an average of 907 bills were introduced in the Senate annually during the three-month legislative session. The bill is submitted, and receives the first of three constitutionally mandated readings on the floor of the Senate, before being assigned to a committee. The decision about whether legislation passes is often made in the committees. Committees can hold legislation and prevent it from reaching the Senate floor. The recommendations of committees on bills carry tremendous weight; it is rare for the Senate as a whole to approve legislation that has received a negative committee report. Once a committee has weighed in on a piece of legislation, the bill returns to the floor for second hearing, called the "consideration of committee" report, and a third hearing, which happens just before the floor vote on it.
645:
conference committee to work out differences in the versions of the bill passed by each chamber. Once a piece of legislation approved by both houses is forwarded to the
Governor, it may either be signed or vetoed. If it is signed, it takes effect on the effective date of the legislation, usually October 1 of that year. If it is vetoed, both the Senate and the House of Delegates must vote by a three-fifths majority to overturn the veto. They may not, however, overturn a veto in the first year of a new term, since the bill would have been passed during the previous session. Additionally, joint resolutions and the budget bill may not be vetoed, although the General Assembly is constitutionally limited in the extent to which it may influence the latter; it may only decrease the Governor's budget proposal, not increase it.
473:
2624:. Party nominations are determined by primary elections. The general election for Senate seats and all other state and federal elections in the normal cycle is held on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November. Should a Senate seat become vacant in the middle of a term, because of death, illness, incapacitation, disqualification, resignation, or expulsion of a member of the Senate, that seat is filled by appointment. The Central Committee of the previous Senator's party in the county or counties in which the Senate district lies makes a recommendation to the Governor on whom to appoint to the seat. Within fifteen days of the Central Committee's recommendation being selected, the Governor must appoint that person to the vacant seat.
2637:
2011-2014, during which the salary for members of the
General Assembly was $ 43,500 per year ($ 56,500 for the Presiding Officers), members began receiving annual raises in 2015 such that, at the start of the 2018 General Assembly Session, they will be earning $ 50,330 per year, an increase of about 16 percent over four years. The salaries of the Presiding Officers will be increased to $ 65,371 annually. The increase is being phased in the amounts of approximately $ 1,707 per year for rank-and-file legislators and $ 2,218 per year for the Presiding Officers.
51:
670:
2710:
Committee on
Legislative Ethics, a twelve-member committee that includes six senators. Members of the Senate may turn to either this committee or an ethics counsel to help them resolve questions of potential ethical conflict. Members are encouraged to avoid conflicts of interest, and are required to submit public financial disclosures to the state. In addition to employment prohibitions laid out in the state constitution, members are barred from advocating for any paying client before any part of the state government.
2703:
legislation take place. Senators are then given leeway to introduce any visitors, often people observing its deliberations from the gallery above the Senate chamber. Then the
Senators consider legislation. They begin with unfinished business from the previous session, then consider legislation and special orders with accompanying reports from committees. At the discretion of the presiding officer, the Senate may adjourn at any time, unless a majority of members present object to adjournment.
2533:
208:
4277:
2560:, who presides over the chamber when the President is absent. The President of the Maryland Senate has significant influence over legislation that passes through the body through both formal means, such as his ability to appoint committee chairs and leaders of the majority party, and informal means that are less easily defined. These powers place the President of the Maryland Senate among the strongest state legislature presiding officers in the country.
2576:
Republican caucus. The
Majority Leader and Minority leader are responsible for managing their party's participation in debate on the floor. Party caucuses also raise and distribute campaign money to assist their candidates. The Legislative Black Caucus of Maryland and Women Legislators of Maryland, caucuses of African-American and female Senators respectively, also play prominent roles in the Senate.
464:. The President appoints chairs and membership of six standing committees, four legislative committees as well as the Executive Nominations and Rules Committees. Senators are also organized into caucuses, including party- and demographically-based caucuses. They are assisted in their work by paid staff of the non-partisan Department of Legislative Services and by partisan office staff.
333:
624:
senators, elected only four after 1965. This was done to preserve the ideal of having whole counties represented by a single
Senator, rather than breaking counties up into multiple districts. A constitutional amendment in 1972 expanded the Senate to 47 members, elected from districts proportional to the population. These districts are reapportioned every ten years based on the
2699:, which has both gallery seating and a door open to the State House lobby, the latter being mandated by the state constitution. Seating in the Senate is by party, with the leaders of each party choosing the exact seating assignments. Each Senator has offices in Annapolis, in the Miller or James Senate Office Buildings.
2641:
well as retirement savings plans. Maryland has a voluntary legislator pension plan to which both senators and delegates have access. Besides receiving their own benefits, Senators can award up to $ 138,000 each year in scholarships to students of their choosing if those students meet requirements set by Senate rules.
2628:
legislative approval. As of 2005, there were approximately 112,000 people in each district. Each Senate district also elects three
Delegates, and incumbent senators and delegates will often run jointly as members of incumbent slates in their districts. It is rare, however, for an incumbent to be challenged.
648:
Unlike the House of
Delegates, the Senate has the sole responsibility in the state's legislative branch for confirming gubernatorial appointees to positions that require confirmation. After the Governor forwards his nomination to the Senate, the Executive Nominations Committee reviews the nominee and
2575:
Caucus, each of which has a leader and a whip, referred to as a majority and minority leader and whip. As
Democrats currently control a majority of seats in the Senate, their leader is referred to as the Majority Leader, and their caucus is able to influence legislation to a greater extent than the
623:
A special session of the legislature in 1965 changed the Senate to represent 16 districts and reapportioned the seats, again by county, but did so in such a way as to make the representation more proportional to population than it had been. Thus, the eastern shore, which had previously elected nine
2709:
is common in Annapolis; there are more than 700 lobbyists registered with the state. While lobbyists may spend freely on advocacy, they are limited in gifts to legislators and in their ability to contribute to campaigns. Ethics issues related to lobbyists and other matters are handled by the Joint
2649:
As of January 2023, a majority of seats in the Maryland Senate are held by members of the Democratic Party, with 34 Democrats and 13 Republicans, greater than a two-thirds majority. This dominance is nothing new, as Democrats have had strong majorities in the chamber for decades. Democrats tend to
2640:
Senators can also seek reimbursement for expenses related to meals and lodging during the legislative session, and for certain travel expenses related to their duties at any point during the year. They also have access to benefits received by state employees, including health and life insurance as
444:
To serve in the Maryland Senate, a person must be a citizen of Maryland 25 years of age or older. Elections for the 47 Senate seats are held every four years coincident with the federal election in which the President of the United States is not elected. Vacancies are filled through appointment by
2636:
Members of the State Senate and the House of Delegates, besides the Senate President and Speaker of the House of Delegates (referred to as the "Presiding Officers"), earn the same salary. These salaries are determined by the General Assembly Compensation Commission. After two terms, 2007-2010 and
2563:
Once legislation is introduced, it is passed to one of the standing committees of the Senate. There are six such committees. As a whole, the Maryland General Assembly has fewer standing committees than any other state legislature in the United States. Each committee has between 10 and 15 members.
589:
The controversy ultimately resulted in long-term changes to the body in 1838. The electoral college was abolished, terms were lengthened to six years with rotating elections such that a third of the senate would be elected every two years, a single Senator was chosen by direct election from each
558:
The first election under the 1776 constitution took place in 1781, and the system would not change again until 1838. In the interim, a number of problems had cropped up in the appointment process. Under the 1776 constitution, the electoral college selected all of the State Senators, and faced no
2694:
Many rules and procedures in the Maryland Senate are set by the state constitution. Beyond the constitutional mandates, rules in the Senate are developed by the Rules Committee. The Senate and House of Delegates both meet for ninety days following the second Wednesday in January, although these
2579:
Professional services for members of the Senate and the House of Delegates are provided by the Department of Legislative Services, which is non-partisan. Individual members are also assisted by partisan staff members, and those in leadership positions have additional partisan staff. These staff
640:
the responsibility for making laws in the state of Maryland. Bills are often developed in the period between sessions of the General Assembly by the Senate's standing committees or by individual senators. They are then submitted by senators to the Maryland Department of Legislative Services for
2702:
A typical session of the Senate begins with a call to order by the President of the Senate. After the call to order, the previous day's journal is approved, petitions are heard, and orders involving committee and leadership appointments or changes to the rules are presented. First, readings of
2603:
To be eligible to run for the Maryland Senate, a person must be a citizen and be at least 25 years old. They must also have lived in the state for at least one year, and must have lived in the district in which they are to run for at least six months, assuming the district has existed with its
644:
Once passed by the Senate, a bill is sent to the House of Delegates for consideration. If the House also approves the bill without amendment, it is sent to the Governor. If there is amendment, however, the Senate may either reconsider the bill with amendments or ask for the establishment of a
2627:
The 47 districts from which senators are elected are apportioned every ten years on the basis of population. Maryland's constitution explicitly defines the process for the drawing of these districts, requiring that the Governor make a recommendation of a new electoral map and submit it for
620:. Disproportionate population growth across Maryland since 1838 meant that the principle of one seat per county gave the voters of some counties, such as those on the eastern shore, disproportionate representation. Other counties, especially those in suburban areas, were underrepresented.
567:. Additionally, all vacancies in the State Senate were filled by the Senate itself, which frequently resulted in a disproportionately high share of the Senate having been appointed to fill vacancies. During one session, fourteen out of fifteen senators had been selected to fill vacancies.
519:
in 1660, who sought to create a colonial government based on an elected unicameral legislature like that of the Virginia colony. The position of Governor was removed from the legislature in 1675, but for the following century, its function and powers largely remained the same.
2580:
members help to manage the offices of the senators. Each senator has one year-round administrative assistant, as well as a secretary who assists them during the legislative session. There is also an allowance given to help pay for district offices.
2658:, while Republicans control most seats on the Eastern Shore and in western Maryland. The chamber has also had significant numbers of women and African-Americans serve, with women averaging around 36% of the seats and African-Americans around 31%.
615:
that state legislative seats must be apportioned on the principle of one man, one vote. A number of state legislatures, including Maryland, had systems based on geography rather than population, and the court rules that this violated the
559:
restrictions, other than the geographic requirement, in how they were selected. As a result, it was commonplace for the electoral college to select a State Senate entirely composed of one political party. Only in 1826, when
425:. It consisted of the Governor and members of the Governor's appointed council. With slight variation, the body to meet in that form until 1776, when Maryland, now a state independent of British rule, passed a
578:
electors planned to elect an all-Whig State Senate, the Democratic electors absconded, denying the electoral college a quorum. The refusal to elect a State Senate also prevented the election of a
563:
won a majority on the electoral college with a pledge to elect a balanced Senate, was more than one party represented. That year, the electoral college selected 11 National Republicans and four
2567:
While the committees are established by formal Senate rules, there are a number of caucuses that exercise significant influence over the legislative process. The most powerful of these are the
445:
the Governor. The Senate meets for three months every year; the rest of the year the work of the Senate is light and most members hold another job during this time. It has been controlled by
4221:
590:
county and the City of Baltimore, and vacancies were filled by special elections. The Senate no longer acted as the Governor's Council, although they would continue to confirm the
2695:
sessions may be extended for up to thirty days by majority votes in both houses, and special sessions may be called by the Governor. The Senate meets in the Senate Chamber of the
2755:
2670:, from the 46th district, was elected to the position of Senate president following the retirement of the longest-serving Senate president in both Maryland and American history,
5313:
311:
2540:
Maryland's Senate consists of senators elected from 47 Senate districts. While each senator has the power to introduce and vote on bills and make motions on the floor, various
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3125:
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of the 36th District, which covers Caroline, Cecil, Kent, and Queen Anne's counties, was elected as the minority leader by the Senate's Republican Caucus in 2022.
4432:
661:
by the House of Delegates. They must be sworn in before such a trial takes place, and a two-thirds majority is required for conviction of the impeached person.
617:
602:, when Baltimore City was given three Senate districts rather than one, but substantial change to the structure of the Senate did not come again until 1964.
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3030:
586:
elections the following month, when the Whigs won an overwhelming majority. The electors returned, providing a quorum, and an all-Whig Senate was elected.
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484:
This assembly first met in 1637, making it the longest continuously operating legislative body in the United States. Originally, the assembly was
441:
decision, the number of districts was increased to 47, and the districts were balanced by population rather than being geographically determined.
4339:
5572:
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5509:
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858:
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to appoint members of the Senate. This electoral college was abolished in 1838 and members began to be directly elected from each county and
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3071:
370:
3369:
3339:
3310:
2999:
2774:
4422:
2958:
4163:
2870:
657:, was rejected over concerns about her qualifications. The Senate also has sole responsibility for trying any persons that have been
524:
3156:
2612:. Similarly, no employees of the state government may serve, except for law enforcement officers, firefighters, and rescue workers.
5628:
4509:
4474:
4458:
4256:
515:
governors attempted to consolidate control and prevent the return of any proprietary influence. It was again abolished by Governor
2678:, from the 25th District in Prince George's County, is the President Pro Tempore. The Democratic caucus is led by Majority Leader
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5137:
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3129:
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4231:
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582:, as Maryland's governors were elected by the legislature. Ultimately, however, the Democrats' position weakened following the
17:
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4266:
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3038:
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422:
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current boundaries for at least that long. No elected or appointed official of the United States government, including the
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539:
first became known as the Maryland Senate. The new body consisted of fifteen senators appointed to five-year terms by an
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3912:
1812:
653:
nominee in recent history has been rejected; Lynn Buhl, nominated as Maryland Secretary of the Environment by Governor
606:
438:
2906:
5384:
5073:
5037:
4906:
4858:
4778:
4714:
4634:
4602:
4570:
4412:
3921:
2840:
2740:
1846:
574:
won 53% of the statewide vote for the electoral college, but ended up with only nineteen of forty electors. When the
395:
2936:
Steiner, Bernard C. (1896). "The Electoral College for the Senate of Maryland and the Nineteen Van Buren Electors".
5297:
5265:
5217:
4922:
4730:
4666:
4650:
4554:
4522:
4304:
3616:
3577:
3427:"Miller says he'll step down as Maryland senate president; Democrats pick Baltimore's Bill Ferguson to replace him"
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2458:
2424:
2390:
2352:
2314:
2280:
2246:
2212:
2170:
2130:
2123:
2084:
2046:
2012:
1978:
1944:
1910:
1876:
1838:
1804:
1762:
1734:
1700:
1666:
1632:
1604:
1566:
1532:
1498:
1464:
1430:
1396:
1362:
1328:
1294:
1256:
1222:
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689:
679:
658:
571:
453:
446:
182:
161:
140:
119:
108:
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5133:
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5021:
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1770:
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1016:
988:
960:
922:
886:
5587:
5185:
4810:
4698:
4386:
4201:
2621:
1869:
496:
legislature. These appointees had close political and economic ties to the proprietors of the Maryland colony,
406:
elected from an equal number of constituent single-member districts, the Senate is responsible, along with the
2620:
Members of the Maryland Senate are elected every four years, in off-year elections in the middle of terms for
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5117:
5101:
5057:
4746:
4241:
4190:
4156:
2005:
1971:
1937:
1903:
1593:
1283:
599:
595:
532:
426:
299:
5245:
4614:
4582:
4381:
4251:
4211:
3750:
2532:
2234:
1199:
5233:
5085:
4977:
4957:
4838:
4826:
4790:
4345:
4310:
4123:
3516:
3483:
3253:
3217:
2735:
2651:
2239:
2155:
1559:
1525:
1491:
1457:
1423:
1389:
1355:
1187:
953:
915:
637:
583:
504:, which was elected, tended to be more populist, and pushed for greater legislative power in the colony.
407:
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5005:
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3621:
2667:
2605:
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2417:
2383:
2341:
2205:
1370:
1249:
1215:
1149:
1111:
1077:
1009:
981:
949:
575:
528:
115:
5261:
5229:
5109:
4902:
4822:
4774:
4710:
4630:
4598:
4586:
4566:
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4291:
4118:
4110:
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2201:
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2151:
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249:
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42:
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The Maryland Senate, as the upper house of the bicameral Maryland General Assembly, shares with the
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1831:
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911:
480:
The origins of the Maryland Senate lie in the creation of an assembly during the early days of the
449:
since 1900. In the 2018 election, more than two-thirds of the Senate seats were won by Democrats.
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2115:
2092:
2073:
2000:
1588:
1210:
178:
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358:
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5337:
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5141:
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5013:
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4376:
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2398:
2119:
2068:
1932:
1826:
1722:
1350:
461:
417:
It evolved from the upper house of the colonial assembly created in 1650 when Maryland was a
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5269:
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2500:
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1038:
1004:
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902:
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591:
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411:
342:
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8:
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3759:
3126:"By the numbers: 188 members, more than 2,500 bills in Maryland General Assembly session"
1966:
1898:
1620:
1452:
1230:
976:
548:
434:
410:, for passage of laws in Maryland, and for confirming executive appointments made by the
3164:
649:
makes a recommendation for confirmation or rejection to the Senate as a whole. Only one
543:. The college, made up of two electors from each county and one each from the cities of
531:, Maryland threw off proprietary control and established a new constitution. Under this
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and his descendants. Thus, the upper house in colonial times often disagreed with the
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4694:
4083:
4002:
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3687:
3678:
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2548:, and leadership positions help to organize the work of the Senate. Senators elect a
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2020:
1520:
1384:
1072:
965:
930:
540:
508:
430:
136:
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5285:
5173:
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1884:
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1164:
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611:
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4862:
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4638:
4606:
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1918:
1739:
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3560:
2608:, may serve in the Senate, excluding those serving in the military reserves and
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4526:
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3723:
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1092:
993:
654:
551:, was required to select nine senators from the western shore and six from the
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4011:
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2907:"The Legal History of State Legislative Vacancies and Temporary Appointments"
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2220:
1952:
650:
346:
157:
50:
594:'s appointments. Constitutional changes altered this new system slightly in
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4702:
3993:
3813:
3804:
3786:
3768:
3705:
3507:
3244:
3208:
2959:"General Assembly — The Legislative Process: How a Bill Becomes a Law"
2135:
1438:
1404:
1336:
1264:
1024:
570:
In 1836, tensions rose over the State Senate's composition. That year, the
488:, but in 1650, the Governor and his appointed council began serving as the
2756:
United States congressional delegations from Maryland#United States Senate
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4141:
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3777:
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The legislative branch of state government: people, process, and politics
2536:
Thomas V. Mike Miller Jr., President of the Maryland Senate 1987 to 2019
1302:
501:
489:
387:
68:
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Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, the first President of the Maryland Senate
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207:
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control seats in the large population centers such as Baltimore City,
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2412:
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1986:
544:
493:
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457:
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512:
403:
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3424:
2942:. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. p. 134.
332:
3479:"Maryland Senate Republicans choose Hershey as new leader"
3101:"Republicans ride GOP wave to gain General Assembly seats"
1127:
2089:
3311:"Report of the General Assembly Compensation Commission"
2775:"Report of the General Assembly Compensation Commission"
2395:
2497:
1537:
2939:
American Historical Association Annual Report for 1895
1227:
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2847:
why are maryland senate committee chairs so powerful.
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1767:
1503:
1469:
1055:
3508:
Maryland Department of Legislative Services (2006).
3245:
Maryland Department of Legislative Services (2006).
3209:
Maryland Department of Legislative Services (2006).
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3117:
2175:
2017:
927:
2051:
1881:
1671:
1161:
3599:
2824:
1915:
3503:
3501:
3425:Pamela Wood, Luke Broadwater (October 24, 2019).
3283:"If legislators do nothing, they get a pay raise"
3240:
3238:
3123:
3114:
3098:
2429:
2285:
1571:
1089:
631:
507:The upper house was briefly abolished during the
5610:
3073:Constitution of the State of Maryland, Article 3
2463:
2251:
2217:
1949:
1367:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2823:Little, Thomas H. & Ogle, David B. (2006).
1809:
1705:
1435:
1401:
1333:
1261:
1021:
598:, when terms were shortened to four years, and
4433:State Commission on Criminal Sentencing Policy
3498:
3235:
2594:List of current members of the Maryland Senate
1843:
1299:
859:List of current members of the Maryland Senate
4459:
4157:
3585:
2319:
1637:
3157:"General Assembly: Organizational Structure"
2893:
1983:
3400:"Legislative Black Caucus of Maryland, Inc"
3202:
2682:of the 39th District in Montgomery County.
852:
4466:
4452:
4171:
4164:
4150:
3592:
3578:
2615:
331:
49:
3376:. Maryland State Archives. Archived from
3346:. Maryland State Archives. Archived from
3163:. Maryland State Archives. Archived from
3076:. Maryland State Archives. Archived from
3006:. Maryland State Archives. Archived from
2965:. Maryland State Archives. Archived from
2877:. Maryland State Archives. Archived from
2818:
2816:
2814:
3280:
2904:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2631:
2531:
668:
471:
5624:State upper houses in the United States
3066:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3056:
2935:
2689:
2666:On January 8, 2020, Democratic senator
14:
5611:
4492:United States House of Representatives
3370:"Maryland Senators — Republicans"
3099:The Baltimore Sun (November 5, 2014).
3028:
2590:President of the Maryland State Senate
523:In 1776, following the signing of the
460:of the legislative body, as well as a
5595:Lists of past U.S. state legislatures
4447:
4145:
3573:
3477:Sears, Bryan P. (November 28, 2022).
3476:
3305:
3303:
3276:
3274:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3124:The Baltimore Sun (January 9, 2019).
2953:
2951:
2949:
2791:
4408:Maryland Higher Education Commission
3340:"Maryland Senators — Democrats"
3185:
3053:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2720:Political party strength in Maryland
628:to ensure they remain proportional.
27:Upper house of the state legislature
4247:Housing & Community Development
3188:"Mike Miller is Not Going Anywhere"
3000:"Senate — Standing Committees"
2746:List of Maryland General Assemblies
2713:
705:(Shading indicates majority caucus)
24:
3444:
3300:
3271:
3144:
2946:
2556:of the chamber. They also elect a
25:
5640:
4475:Legislatures of the United States
4423:Office of Administrative Hearings
3537:
2981:
2852:
2741:Maryland state senate delegations
2644:
2598:
2552:of the Senate, who serves as the
4275:
3515:. pp. 47–51. Archived from
3510:"Maryland Legislator's Handbook"
3281:Lazarick, Len (March 19, 2014).
3252:. pp. 39–41. Archived from
3247:"Maryland Legislator's Handbook"
3211:"Maryland Legislator's Handbook"
206:
5629:1637 establishments in Maryland
3611:446th Maryland General Assembly
3470:
3418:
3392:
3362:
3332:
3179:
3092:
3037:. Baltimore Sun. Archived from
2871:"Senate: Origins and Functions"
2622:Presidents of the United States
2527:
382:, sometimes referred to as the
5588:List of U.S. state legislators
3029:Kobell, Rona (July 21, 2008).
3022:
2929:
2767:
673:Current partisan composition:
664:
632:Powers and legislative process
13:
1:
4403:Commission on Human Relations
2761:
2661:
2583:
371:2024 Senate of Maryland Rules
3456:General Assembly of Maryland
3318:General Assembly of Maryland
3216:. p. 30. Archived from
7:
4124:Maryland House of Delegates
3547:official government website
2736:Maryland House of Delegates
2724:
638:Maryland House of Delegates
525:Declaration of Independence
408:Maryland House of Delegates
10:
5645:
3320:. January 2014. p. 21
2717:
2587:
856:
529:American Revolutionary War
467:
5619:Maryland General Assembly
5582:
5394:
5312:
4508:
4481:
4428:Public Service Commission
4395:
4364:
4328:
4284:
4273:
4179:
4119:Maryland General Assembly
4094:
3661:
3608:
3544:Maryland General Assembly
3406:. Maryland State Archives
3190:. Maryland Politics Watch
2911:Journal of Law and Policy
846:
816:
795:
774:
753:
708:
702:
699:
535:, the upper house of the
369:
364:
357:
352:
339:
330:
325:
317:
305:
293:
288:
280:
269:
259:
214:
205:
197:
192:
171:
150:
129:
106:
101:
91:
86:
76:
62:
57:
48:
43:Maryland General Assembly
41:
34:
5353:Northern Mariana Islands
4413:Insurance Administration
3552:State Senate of Maryland
3452:"Current Senate Members"
2905:Yeargain, Tyler (2020).
853:List of current senators
527:and the outbreak of the
437:. In 1972, because of a
273:Article III, Section 2,
3733:Katherine A. Klausmeier
3617:President of the Senate
2616:Elections and vacancies
1131:Katherine A. Klausmeier
820:
799:
778:
757:
736:
187:since January 11, 2023
145:since January 11, 2023
4483:United States Congress
4365:Constitutional offices
4173:Government of Maryland
3985:Stephen S. Hershey Jr.
3652:Stephen S. Hershey Jr.
3404:Maryland Manual Online
3374:Maryland Manual Online
3344:Maryland Manual Online
3161:Maryland Manual Online
3004:Maryland Manual Online
2963:Maryland Manual Online
2875:Maryland Manual Online
2751:Government of Maryland
2684:Stephen S. Hershey Jr.
2656:Prince George's County
2537:
2093:Stephen S. Hershey Jr.
694:
477:
179:Stephen S. Hershey Jr.
166:since January 8, 2020
124:since January 8, 2020
18:Maryland State Senator
5396:Legislative elections
4387:Board of Public Works
4057:Charles E. Sydnor III
2831:. ABC-CLIO. pp.
2672:Thomas V. Mike Miller
2632:Salaries and benefits
2558:President Pro Tempore
2535:
2399:Charles E. Sydnor III
881:Counties represented
672:
475:
462:President Pro Tempore
398:of the U.S. state of
384:Maryland State Senate
275:Maryland Constitution
131:President Pro Tempore
5323:District of Columbia
4499:United States Senate
4396:Independent agencies
3859:Alonzo T. Washington
3841:William C. Smith Jr.
2731:Maryland Legislature
2697:Maryland State House
2690:Rules and procedures
2501:Malcolm L. Augustine
1610:Alonzo T. Washington
1541:William C. Smith Jr.
838:Latest voting share
626:United States Census
561:National Republicans
412:Governor of Maryland
343:Maryland State House
340:State Senate Chamber
5385:U.S. Virgin Islands
3760:Shelly L. Hettleman
3380:on October 25, 2021
3350:on October 25, 2021
3041:on October 16, 2023
3035:Bay and Environment
1284:Anne Arundel County
1231:Shelly L. Hettleman
321:Legislative Control
93:New session started
5314:Other legislatures
4510:State legislatures
4311:House of Delegates
4202:Secretary of State
4048:Mary L. Washington
3904:Michael A. Jackson
3832:Benjamin F. Kramer
3823:Jeff Waldstreicher
3715:Johnny Ray Salling
3556:Project Vote Smart
3458:. January 22, 2020
2881:on October 1, 2012
2676:Melony G. Griffith
2538:
2361:Mary L. Washington
2235:Montgomery Village
1771:Michael A. Jackson
1507:Benjamin F. Kramer
1473:Jeff Waldstreicher
1059:Johnny Ray Salling
821:2023–2026 Session
800:2019–2022 Session
779:2015–2018 Session
758:2011–2014 Session
737:2007–2010 Session
695:
478:
419:proprietary colony
5604:
5603:
4441:
4440:
4257:Natural Resources
4139:
4138:
4084:Malcolm Augustine
4003:Mary Beth Carozza
3967:Mary-Dulany James
3688:Karen Lewis Young
3679:Paul D. Corderman
3634:Malcolm Augustine
3522:on March 18, 2011
3431:The Baltimore Sun
3287:Maryland Reporter
3259:on March 18, 2011
3223:on March 18, 2011
3167:on April 11, 2021
3132:on April 19, 2019
2969:on April 12, 2021
2652:Montgomery County
2554:presiding officer
2525:
2524:
2179:Mary Beth Carozza
2021:Mary-Dulany James
966:Karen Lewis Young
931:Paul D. Corderman
850:
849:
541:electoral college
509:English Civil War
458:presiding officer
452:Senators elect a
431:electoral college
402:. Composed of 47
396:state legislature
376:
375:
137:Malcolm Augustine
16:(Redirected from
5636:
5597:
5590:
5575:
5568:
5561:
5554:
5547:
5540:
5533:
5526:
5519:
5512:
5505:
5498:
5491:
5484:
5477:
5470:
5463:
5456:
5449:
5442:
5435:
5428:
5421:
5414:
5407:
5387:
5380:
5364:
5348:
5341:
5325:
5305:
5289:
5273:
5257:
5241:
5225:
5209:
5193:
5177:
5161:
5145:
5129:
5113:
5097:
5081:
5065:
5049:
5033:
5017:
5001:
4985:
4969:
4953:
4937:
4930:
4914:
4898:
4882:
4866:
4850:
4834:
4818:
4802:
4786:
4770:
4754:
4738:
4722:
4706:
4690:
4674:
4658:
4642:
4626:
4610:
4594:
4578:
4562:
4546:
4530:
4501:
4494:
4468:
4461:
4454:
4445:
4444:
4382:Attorney General
4292:General Assembly
4279:
4237:General Services
4166:
4159:
4152:
4143:
4142:
4109:
4100:
4082:
4073:
4064:
4055:
4046:
4037:
4028:
4019:
4010:
4001:
3992:
3983:
3976:Jason C. Gallion
3974:
3965:
3956:
3947:
3938:
3929:
3920:
3911:
3902:
3893:
3884:
3877:Joanne C. Benson
3875:
3866:
3857:
3848:
3839:
3830:
3821:
3812:
3803:
3794:
3785:
3776:
3767:
3758:
3749:
3742:Katie Fry Hester
3740:
3731:
3722:
3713:
3704:
3695:
3686:
3677:
3668:
3594:
3587:
3580:
3571:
3570:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3521:
3514:
3505:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3484:The Daily Record
3474:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3448:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3437:
3422:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3315:
3307:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3278:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3258:
3251:
3242:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3222:
3215:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3186:Pagnucco, Adam.
3183:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3172:
3153:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3128:. Archived from
3121:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3096:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3080:on June 19, 2021
3068:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3031:"Lynn Buhl, EPA"
3026:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3015:
3010:on June 19, 2021
2996:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2955:
2944:
2943:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2902:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2867:
2850:
2849:
2830:
2820:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2779:
2771:
2714:Past composition
2505:
2504:
2503:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2418:Baltimore County
2403:
2402:
2401:
2384:Baltimore County
2365:
2364:
2363:
2342:Baltimore County
2327:
2326:
2325:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2055:Jason C. Gallion
2025:
2024:
2023:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1885:Sarah K. Elfreth
1851:
1850:
1849:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1775:
1774:
1773:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1675:Joanne C. Benson
1645:
1644:
1643:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1250:Baltimore County
1235:
1234:
1233:
1216:Baltimore County
1169:
1168:
1167:
1165:Katie Fry Hester
1150:Baltimore County
1135:
1134:
1133:
1112:Baltimore County
1097:
1096:
1095:
1078:Baltimore County
1063:
1062:
1061:
1029:
1028:
1027:
935:
934:
933:
863:
862:
697:
696:
687:
677:
612:Reynolds v. Sims
572:Democratic Party
537:General Assembly
533:new constitution
498:Cecilius Calvert
482:Maryland colony.
429:that created an
427:new constitution
423:Cecilius Calvert
392:General Assembly
335:
312:November 3, 2026
300:November 8, 2022
247:
228:
216:Political groups
210:
97:January 11, 2023
53:
32:
31:
21:
5644:
5643:
5639:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5609:
5608:
5605:
5600:
5593:
5586:
5578:
5571:
5564:
5557:
5550:
5543:
5536:
5529:
5522:
5515:
5508:
5501:
5494:
5487:
5480:
5473:
5466:
5459:
5452:
5445:
5438:
5431:
5424:
5417:
5410:
5403:
5390:
5383:
5367:
5351:
5344:
5328:
5321:
5308:
5292:
5276:
5260:
5244:
5228:
5212:
5196:
5180:
5164:
5148:
5132:
5116:
5100:
5084:
5068:
5052:
5036:
5020:
5004:
4988:
4972:
4956:
4940:
4933:
4917:
4901:
4885:
4869:
4853:
4837:
4821:
4805:
4789:
4773:
4757:
4741:
4725:
4709:
4693:
4677:
4661:
4645:
4629:
4613:
4597:
4581:
4565:
4549:
4533:
4517:
4504:
4497:
4490:
4477:
4472:
4442:
4437:
4391:
4360:
4346:Appellate Court
4324:
4280:
4271:
4175:
4170:
4140:
4135:
4129:Maryland Senate
4107:
4098:
4090:
4089:
4080:
4071:
4062:
4053:
4044:
4035:
4026:
4017:
4008:
3999:
3990:
3981:
3972:
3963:
3954:
3945:
3940:Bryan Simonaire
3936:
3927:
3918:
3909:
3900:
3895:C. Anthony Muse
3891:
3882:
3873:
3864:
3855:
3846:
3837:
3828:
3819:
3810:
3801:
3792:
3783:
3774:
3765:
3756:
3751:Benjamin Brooks
3747:
3738:
3729:
3720:
3711:
3702:
3693:
3684:
3675:
3666:
3657:
3648:Minority Leader
3639:Majority Leader
3604:
3602:Maryland Senate
3600:Members of the
3598:
3561:Maryland Senate
3540:
3535:
3525:
3523:
3519:
3512:
3506:
3499:
3489:
3487:
3475:
3471:
3461:
3459:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3435:
3433:
3423:
3419:
3409:
3407:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3383:
3381:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3353:
3351:
3338:
3337:
3333:
3323:
3321:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3301:
3291:
3289:
3279:
3272:
3262:
3260:
3256:
3249:
3243:
3236:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3213:
3207:
3203:
3193:
3191:
3184:
3180:
3170:
3168:
3155:
3154:
3145:
3135:
3133:
3122:
3115:
3105:
3103:
3097:
3093:
3083:
3081:
3070:
3069:
3054:
3044:
3042:
3027:
3023:
3013:
3011:
2998:
2997:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2957:
2956:
2947:
2934:
2930:
2920:
2918:
2903:
2894:
2884:
2882:
2869:
2868:
2853:
2843:
2821:
2792:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2727:
2722:
2716:
2692:
2664:
2647:
2634:
2618:
2601:
2596:
2586:
2571:Caucus and the
2530:
2520:Prince George's
2499:
2498:
2465:
2464:
2431:
2430:
2397:
2396:
2359:
2358:
2321:
2320:
2287:
2286:
2253:
2252:
2219:
2218:
2177:
2176:
2091:
2090:
2053:
2052:
2019:
2018:
1985:
1984:
1951:
1950:
1919:Bryan Simonaire
1917:
1916:
1883:
1882:
1845:
1844:
1811:
1810:
1798:Prince George's
1769:
1768:
1756:Prince George's
1740:C. Anthony Muse
1728:Prince George's
1707:
1706:
1694:Prince George's
1673:
1672:
1660:Prince George's
1639:
1638:
1626:Prince George's
1598:Prince George's
1573:
1572:
1539:
1538:
1505:
1504:
1471:
1470:
1437:
1436:
1403:
1402:
1369:
1368:
1335:
1334:
1301:
1300:
1263:
1262:
1229:
1228:
1200:Benjamin Brooks
1163:
1162:
1129:
1128:
1091:
1090:
1057:
1056:
1023:
1022:
929:
928:
861:
855:
706:
693:
685:
683:
675:
667:
634:
470:
380:Maryland Senate
359:Maryland Senate
345:
341:
308:
296:
262:
253:
245:
234:
226:
217:
188:
186:
174:
173:Minority Leader
167:
165:
153:
152:Majority Leader
146:
144:
132:
125:
123:
111:
94:
79:
72:
71:
37:
36:Maryland Senate
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5642:
5632:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5602:
5601:
5599:
5598:
5591:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5576:
5569:
5562:
5555:
5548:
5541:
5534:
5527:
5520:
5513:
5506:
5499:
5492:
5485:
5478:
5471:
5464:
5457:
5450:
5443:
5436:
5429:
5422:
5415:
5408:
5400:
5398:
5392:
5391:
5389:
5388:
5381:
5365:
5349:
5342:
5330:American Samoa
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3697:William Folden
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517:Josias Fendall
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2250:
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2221:Nancy J. King
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1953:Pamela Beidle
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1177:
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651:gubernatorial
646:
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607:Supreme Court
605:In 1964, the
603:
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553:eastern shore
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347:Annapolis, MD
344:
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326:Meeting place
324:
320:
318:Redistricting
316:
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310:
307:Next election
304:
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295:Last election
292:
287:
284:$ 50,330/year
283:
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158:Nancy J. King
155:
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116:Bill Ferguson
113:
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33:
30:
19:
5606:
5150:South Dakota
5118:Rhode Island
5102:Pennsylvania
5038:North Dakota
4830:
4296:
4197:Lt. Governor
4128:
3994:Johnny Mautz
3913:Arthur Ellis
3886:Nick Charles
3814:Cheryl Kagan
3805:Sara N. Love
3787:Craig Zucker
3769:Clarence Lam
3706:Justin Ready
3628:
3610:
3601:
3546:
3524:. Retrieved
3517:the original
3490:November 28,
3488:. Retrieved
3482:
3472:
3460:. Retrieved
3455:
3446:
3434:. Retrieved
3430:
3420:
3408:. Retrieved
3403:
3394:
3382:. Retrieved
3378:the original
3373:
3364:
3352:. Retrieved
3348:the original
3343:
3334:
3322:. Retrieved
3317:
3290:. Retrieved
3286:
3261:. Retrieved
3254:the original
3225:. Retrieved
3218:the original
3204:
3192:. Retrieved
3181:
3169:. Retrieved
3165:the original
3160:
3134:. Retrieved
3130:the original
3104:. Retrieved
3094:
3082:. Retrieved
3078:the original
3072:
3043:. Retrieved
3039:the original
3034:
3024:
3012:. Retrieved
3008:the original
3003:
2971:. Retrieved
2967:the original
2962:
2938:
2931:
2919:. Retrieved
2914:
2910:
2883:. Retrieved
2879:the original
2874:
2846:
2826:
2781:. Retrieved
2769:
2705:
2701:
2693:
2665:
2648:
2639:
2635:
2626:
2619:
2602:
2578:
2566:
2562:
2539:
2528:Organization
2136:Johnny Mautz
2124:Queen Anne's
2006:Anne Arundel
2001:Severna Park
1972:Anne Arundel
1938:Anne Arundel
1904:Anne Arundel
1813:Arthur Ellis
1709:Nick Charles
1594:Anne Arundel
1589:College Park
1439:Cheryl Kagan
1405:Sara N. Love
1337:Craig Zucker
1265:Clarence Lam
1211:Milford Mill
1025:Justin Ready
700:Affiliation
647:
643:
635:
622:
610:
604:
588:
569:
557:
522:
506:
479:
456:to serve as
451:
443:
416:
383:
379:
377:
238:
237:
220:
29:
5369:Puerto Rico
4887:Mississippi
4615:Connecticut
4372:Comptroller
4285:Legislative
4232:Environment
4217:Agriculture
4066:Cory McCray
3922:Jack Bailey
3778:Guy Guzzone
3629:pro tempore
3565:Ballotpedia
3526:October 27,
3462:October 28,
3436:February 1,
3410:January 24,
3384:January 24,
3354:January 24,
3263:October 27,
3227:October 27,
3194:October 27,
3171:October 27,
3136:January 24,
3106:November 5,
3084:October 27,
3045:October 27,
3014:October 27,
2973:October 27,
2917:(2): 578–80
2885:October 26,
2508:Democratic
2474:Democratic
2440:Democratic
2406:Democratic
2368:Democratic
2330:Republican
2296:Democratic
2262:Democratic
2228:Democratic
2186:Republican
2140:Republican
2100:Republican
2069:Churchville
2062:Republican
2028:Democratic
1994:Democratic
1960:Democratic
1933:Glen Burnie
1926:Republican
1892:Democratic
1854:Republican
1847:Jack Bailey
1827:Indian Head
1820:Democratic
1778:Democratic
1744:Democratic
1723:Forestville
1716:Democratic
1682:Democratic
1648:Democratic
1614:Democratic
1582:Democratic
1548:Democratic
1514:Democratic
1480:Democratic
1446:Democratic
1412:Democratic
1378:Democratic
1351:Brookeville
1344:Democratic
1310:Democratic
1303:Guy Guzzone
1272:Democratic
1238:Democratic
1204:Democratic
1172:Democratic
1138:Democratic
1100:Republican
1066:Republican
1032:Republican
998:Republican
970:Democratic
938:Republican
896:Republican
665:Composition
584:State House
565:Federalists
502:lower house
490:upper house
388:upper house
78:Term limits
69:Upper house
5613:Categories
5246:Washington
4990:New Mexico
4974:New Jersey
4583:California
4111:Republican
4102:Democratic
4039:Chris West
3868:Ron Watson
3670:Mike McKay
3627:President
2783:August 22,
2762:References
2662:Leadership
2588:See also:
2584:Membership
2573:Republican
2569:Democratic
2542:committees
2323:Chris West
2240:Montgomery
2193:Ocean City
2156:Dorchester
2107:Queenstown
1870:St. Mary's
1785:Brandywine
1641:Ron Watson
1560:Montgomery
1526:Montgomery
1492:Montgomery
1487:Kensington
1458:Montgomery
1424:Montgomery
1390:Montgomery
1356:Montgomery
1245:Pikesville
1188:Montgomery
1145:Perry Hall
1039:Manchester
1005:Myersville
954:Washington
945:Hagerstown
916:Washington
903:Cumberland
892:Mike McKay
728:Republican
723:Democratic
690:Republican
680:Democratic
486:unicameral
250:Republican
231:Democratic
102:Leadership
5278:Wisconsin
5166:Tennessee
4871:Minnesota
4791:Louisiana
4377:Treasurer
4305:President
4227:Education
4180:Executive
3958:Dawn Gile
3324:April 24,
3292:April 24,
2921:April 29,
2550:President
2481:Baltimore
2447:Baltimore
2413:Baltimore
2375:Baltimore
2303:Baltimore
2269:Baltimore
2206:Worcester
1987:Dawn Gile
1967:Linthicum
1899:Annapolis
1621:Greenbelt
1453:Rockville
1010:Frederick
982:Frederick
977:Frederick
950:Frederick
878:Residence
659:impeached
609:ruled in
549:Annapolis
545:Baltimore
494:bicameral
492:of a now
454:President
447:Democrats
386:, is the
289:Elections
270:Authority
193:Structure
109:President
5230:Virginia
5070:Oklahoma
5006:New York
4935:Nebraska
4903:Missouri
4855:Michigan
4823:Maryland
4775:Kentucky
4711:Illinois
4631:Delaware
4599:Colorado
4567:Arkansas
4340:Justices
4329:Judicial
4262:Planning
4222:Commerce
4207:Archives
4187:Governor
2725:See also
2707:Lobbying
2606:military
2546:caucuses
2515:Cheverly
2202:Wicomico
2198:Somerset
2164:Wicomico
2152:Caroline
2112:Caroline
1751:Accokeek
1689:Landover
1419:Bethesda
1317:Columbia
1279:Columbia
908:Allegany
866:District
592:Governor
580:Governor
404:senators
400:Maryland
239:Minority
221:Majority
5294:Wyoming
5214:Vermont
4919:Montana
4727:Indiana
4663:Georgia
4647:Florida
4551:Arizona
4519:Alabama
4418:Lottery
4319:Speaker
4315:Members
4301:Members
3613:(2024)
2078:Harford
2040:Harford
1866:Calvert
1832:Charles
1794:Charles
1790:Calvert
1521:Derwood
1385:Potomac
1116:Harford
1073:Dundalk
1044:Carroll
912:Garrett
869:Senator
732:Vacant
692:senator
682:senator
513:Puritan
468:History
390:of the
353:Website
265:4 years
87:History
5086:Oregon
4942:Nevada
4759:Kansas
4679:Hawaii
4535:Alaska
4297:Senate
4242:Health
2839:
2835:–316.
2654:, and
2337:Towson
2160:Talbot
1322:Howard
1288:Howard
1184:Howard
844:27.7%
841:72.3%
709:Total
703:Party
688:
686:
678:
676:
394:, the
281:Salary
248:
246:
229:
227:
5182:Texas
4807:Maine
4695:Idaho
4252:Labor
4212:Aging
3520:(PDF)
3513:(PDF)
3314:(PDF)
3257:(PDF)
3250:(PDF)
3221:(PDF)
3214:(PDF)
2778:(PDF)
2511:2019
2477:2011
2443:2019
2409:2020
2371:2019
2333:2019
2299:2018
2265:2019
2231:2007
2189:2019
2143:2023
2116:Cecil
2103:2013
2074:Cecil
2065:2019
2031:2023
1997:2023
1963:2019
1929:2007
1895:2019
1857:2019
1823:2019
1781:2021
1747:2023
1719:2023
1685:2011
1651:2021
1617:2023
1585:2007
1551:2016
1517:2019
1483:2019
1449:2015
1415:2024
1381:2013
1347:2016
1313:2015
1275:2019
1241:2020
1207:2023
1175:2019
1141:2003
1107:Joppa
1103:2011
1069:2015
1035:2015
1001:2023
973:2023
941:2020
899:2023
875:Since
872:Party
511:, as
365:Rules
198:Seats
5573:2024
5566:2023
5559:2022
5552:2021
5545:2020
5538:2019
5531:2018
5524:2017
5517:2016
5510:2015
5503:2014
5496:2013
5489:2012
5482:2011
5475:2010
5468:2009
5461:2008
5454:2007
5447:2006
5440:2005
5433:2004
5426:2003
5419:2002
5412:2001
5405:2000
5346:Guam
5198:Utah
5054:Ohio
4743:Iowa
4191:List
4113:(13)
4104:(34)
3528:2009
3492:2022
3464:2020
3438:2020
3412:2019
3386:2019
3356:2019
3326:2017
3294:2017
3265:2009
3229:2009
3196:2009
3173:2009
3138:2019
3108:2014
3086:2009
3047:2009
3016:2009
2975:2009
2923:2021
2887:2009
2837:ISBN
2785:2019
2592:and
2120:Kent
600:1864
596:1851
576:Whig
547:and
378:The
252:(13)
233:(34)
82:None
63:Type
58:Type
4086:(D)
4077:(D)
4068:(D)
4059:(D)
4050:(D)
4041:(R)
4032:(D)
4023:(D)
4014:(D)
4005:(R)
3996:(R)
3987:(R)
3978:(R)
3969:(D)
3960:(D)
3951:(D)
3942:(R)
3933:(D)
3924:(R)
3915:(D)
3906:(D)
3897:(D)
3888:(D)
3879:(D)
3870:(D)
3861:(D)
3852:(D)
3843:(D)
3834:(D)
3825:(D)
3816:(D)
3807:(D)
3798:(D)
3789:(D)
3780:(D)
3771:(D)
3762:(D)
3753:(D)
3744:(D)
3735:(D)
3726:(R)
3717:(R)
3708:(R)
3699:(R)
3690:(D)
3681:(R)
3672:(R)
3654:(R)
3645:(D)
3636:(D)
3624:(D)
3563:at
3554:at
2833:312
833:47
827:13
824:34
812:47
806:15
803:32
791:47
785:14
782:33
770:47
764:12
761:35
749:47
743:14
740:33
5615::
5375:,
5359:,
5336:,
5300:,
5284:,
5268:,
5252:,
5236:,
5220:,
5204:,
5188:,
5172:,
5156:,
5140:,
5124:,
5108:,
5092:,
5076:,
5060:,
5044:,
5028:,
5012:,
4996:,
4980:,
4978:GA
4964:,
4948:,
4925:,
4909:,
4893:,
4877:,
4861:,
4845:,
4829:,
4813:,
4797:,
4781:,
4765:,
4749:,
4733:,
4717:,
4701:,
4685:,
4669:,
4653:,
4637:,
4621:,
4605:,
4589:,
4573:,
4557:,
4541:,
4525:,
4317:,
4303:,
3500:^
3481:.
3454:.
3429:.
3402:.
3372:.
3342:.
3316:.
3302:^
3285:.
3273:^
3237:^
3159:.
3146:^
3116:^
3055:^
3033:.
3002:.
2983:^
2961:.
2948:^
2915:28
2913:.
2909:.
2895:^
2873:.
2854:^
2845:.
2793:^
2674:.
2544:,
2493:47
2459:46
2425:45
2391:44
2382:,
2353:43
2344:,
2315:42
2281:41
2247:40
2213:39
2204:,
2200:,
2171:38
2162:,
2158:,
2154:,
2131:37
2122:,
2118:,
2114:,
2085:36
2076:,
2047:35
2013:34
1979:33
1945:32
1911:31
1877:30
1868:,
1839:29
1805:28
1796:,
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