Mars Orbiter Mission

2691: 2044: 2419: 2291: 2325: 2275: 2357: 2536: 1276:: The MSM sensor was expected to measure methane in the Mars atmosphere; methane on Earth is often associated with life. However, after it entered orbit, it was reported that there was an issue with how it collected and processed data. The spectrometer could measure intensity of different spectral bands, but instead of sending back the spectra, it sent back the sum of the sampled spectra and also the gaps between the sampled lines. The difference was supposed to be the methane signal, but since other spectra such as carbon dioxide could have varying intensities, it was not possible to determine the actual methane intensity. The device was repurposed as an albedo mapper. 2341: 13821: 1359: 2764: 2150: 40: 2102:

built-in for the propulsion system, the flow to the liquid engine stopped, with consequent reduction in incremental velocity. During the fourth orbit burn, the primary and redundant coils of the solenoid flow control valve of 440 newton liquid engine and logic for thrust augmentation by the attitude control thrusters were being tested. When both primary and redundant coils were energised together during the planned modes, the flow to the liquid engine stopped. Operating both the coils simultaneously is not possible for future operations, however they could be operated independently of each other, in sequence.

1801: 1831: 13815: 889: 860: 2257: 8513: 2141:) thrusters for a duration of 40.5 seconds. After this event, MOM was following the designed trajectory so closely that the trajectory correction manoeuvre planned in April 2014 was not required. The second trajectory correction manoeuvre was performed on 11 June 2014 at 11:00 UTC by firing the spacecraft's 22 newton thrusters for 16 seconds. The third planned trajectory correction manoeuvre was postponed, due to the orbiter's trajectory closely matching the planned trajectory. The third trajectory correction was also a deceleration test 3.9 seconds long on 22 September 2014. 2316: 2266: 2062:(ISTRAC) at Peenya, Bengaluru on 6, 7, 8, 10, 12 and 16 November by using the spacecraft's on-board propulsion system and a series of perigee burns. The first three of the five planned orbit raising manoeuvres were completed with nominal results, while the fourth was only partially successful. However, a subsequent supplementary manoeuvre raised the orbit to the intended altitude aimed for in the original fourth manoeuvre. A total of six burns were completed while the spacecraft remained in Earth orbit, with a seventh burn conducted on 30 November to insert MOM into a 2307: 7457: 7449: 450: 1297: 98: 1816: 13809: 13027: 13039: 1059: 1161: 13033: 1904: 13773: 13267: 12937: 3826:

communication with the ground station as a result of a long eclipse in April 2022. During the national meet, ISRO deliberated that the propellant must have been exhausted, and therefore, the desired attitude pointing could not be achieved for sustained power generation. It was declared that the spacecraft is non-recoverable, and attended its end-of-life. The mission will be ever-regarded as a remarkable technological and scientific feat in the history of planetary exploration.

14273: 13577: 10113: 7441: 1262: 1210: 898: 14434: 13681: 1325: 1942:. The launch was rescheduled. ISRO's PSLV-XL placed the satellite into Earth orbit at 09:50 UTC on 5 November 2013, with a perigee of 264.1 km (164.1 mi), an apogee of 23,903.6 km (14,853.0 mi), and inclination of 19.20 degrees, with both the antenna and all three sections of the solar panel arrays deployed. During the first three orbit raising operations, ISRO progressively tested the spacecraft systems. 14494: 8421: 14530: 14518: 14470: 14506: 14423: 13670: 14482: 878: 869: 10490: 1235:. The nominal plan to operate LAP is between the ranges of approximately 3,000 km (1,900 mi) before and after Mars periapsis. Minimum observation duration for achieving LAP's science goals is 60 minutes per orbit during normal range of operation. The objectives of this instrument consists of stimation of D/H ratio, estimation of escape flux of H 1271:, if any, and map its sources with an accuracy of few 10s parts-per-billion (ppb). After entering Mars orbit it was determined that the instrument, although in good working condition, had a design flaw and it was incapable of distinguishing methane on Mars. The instrument can accurately map Mars albedo at 1.65 um. 2515:

The atomic oxygen number density exceeds that of carbon dioxide above 270 km. At 335 km, this difference becomes a factor of 10, above which atomic oxygen far exceeds the abundance of carbon dioxide. The transition from carbon dioxide to atomic oxygen dominant exosphere is an important indicator of the solar

1339:. MCC would provide context information for other science payloads. MCC images are to be acquired whenever MSM and TIS data is acquired. Seven Apoareion Imaging of the entire disc and multiple Periareion images of 540 km × 540 km (340 mi × 340 mi) are planned in every orbit. 2639:

The red channel AOD measurement on the southern wall of Valles Marineris ranging from 62°W to 68°W remains nearly steady from 1.75 in the bottom of the valley to 1.85 near to the top and does not show a monotonic decline of AOD with altitude. From the AOD map overlaid on MCC image draped on MOLA DEM,

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During evening hours the carbon dioxide density changes from 3.5 × 10 cm to 1.5 × 10/cm for an altitude change of 100 km in the exosphere. The number density of amu 28 is comparable to that of carbon dioxide (amu 44) at lower altitudes and exceeds above 275 km. The factor becomes almost 10 at 375 km.

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As a result of the fourth planned burn coming up short, an additional unscheduled burn was performed on 12 November 2013 that increased the apogee to 118,642 km (73,721 mi), a slightly higher altitude than originally intended in the fourth manoeuvre. The apogee was raised to 192,874 km

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of 35 m/s (110 ft/s) to the spacecraft instead of the planned 135 m/s (440 ft/s) as a result of underburn by the motor. Because of this, the apogee was boosted to 78,276 km (48,638 mi) instead of the planned 100,000 km (62,000 mi). When testing the redundancies

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On 2 October 2022, it was reported that the orbiter had irrecoverably lost communications with Earth after entering long eclipse period in April 2022 that it was not designed to survive. At the time of communications loss it was unknown whether the probe had lost power or inadvertently realigned its

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Full disc of Mars was imaged by Mars Colour Camera (MCC) of MOM on 18 July 2021 from an altitude of about 75,000km from Mars. The spatial resolution of the image is about 3.7 Km. Mars is seen entering in summer solstice in the northern hemisphere and it brings changes to the Martian ice caps, much

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On 17 January 2017, MOM's orbit was altered to avoid the impending eclipse season. With a burn of eight 22 N thrusters for 431 seconds, resulting in a velocity difference of 97.5 metres per second (351 km/h) using 20 kilograms (44 lb) of propellant (leaving 13 kg remaining), eclipses

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one-way format at a sampling frequency of one hertz and the occultation geometry was such that the proximate ray path from the spacecraft to Earth covered a range of 5−39 degree heliolaltitudes. From observations with radio signals from the spacecraft, it is found that the turbulence power spectrum

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was recorded in a period of solar longitudes 205 to 282 (October 2014) during which dust activities are significant. A surge in mean albedo from the usual 0.2 to an erratically higher near 0.4 was recorded on solar longitude 225 which was possibly due to the local injection of dust into atmosphere.

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In May–June 2015 Indian scientists got an opportunity to study the Solar Corona during the Mars conjunction when earth and Mars are on the opposite sides of the sun. During this period the S band waves emitted by MOM were transmitted through the Solar Corona that extends millions of kms into space.

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On 24 September 2018, MOM completed 4 years in its orbit around Mars, although the designed mission life was only six months. Over these years, MOM's Mars Colour Camera has captured over 980 images that were released to the public. The probe is still in good health and continues to work nominally.

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On 24 March 2015, MOM completed its initial six-month mission in orbit around Mars. ISRO extended the mission by an additional six months; the spacecraft has 37 kg (82 lb) of propellant remaining and all five of its scientific instruments are working properly. The orbiter can reportedly

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in two SWIR (1.64 to 1.66 μm) channels. The first one is a methane channel which measures the absorption by methane and second one is a no absorption channel (reference channel). The reference channel data acquired from October 2014 to February 2015 was used for apparent SWIR albedo mapping. Data

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in the science and engineering category. NSS said the award was given as the Indian agency successfully executed a Mars mission in its first attempt; and the spacecraft is in an elliptical orbit with a high apoapsis where, with its high resolution camera, it is taking full-disk colour imagery of

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is around 16 km corresponding to an exospheric temperature of around 275 K. However, on two orbits, the scale height over this altitude region is found to increase significantly making the effective temperature greater than 400 K. The observations of Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS)

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and turbidity (required for the correction of MSM data). Temperature and emissivity are the two basic physical parameters estimated from thermal emission measurement. Many minerals and soil types have characteristic spectra in TIR region. TIS can map surface composition and mineralogy of Mars.

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In October 2022, ISRO admitted that it has lost the communication with MOM in April 2022, when it faced increasingly longer duration eclipses, including a seven-hour long eclipse that it was not designed to withstand. ISRO said the spacecraft was likely out of propellant and not recoverable.

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It was also discussed that despite being designed for a life-span of six months as a technology demonstrator, the Mars Orbiter Mission has lived for about eight years in the Martian orbit with a gamut of significant scientific results on Mars as well as on the Solar corona, before losing

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facilities.". During a meeting on 30 September 2014, NASA and ISRO officials signed an agreement to establish a pathway for future joint missions to explore Mars. One of the working group's objectives will be to explore potential coordinated observations and science analysis between the

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clouds. The AOD variation with altitude along the southern wall between the longitudes 57°W to 62°W where mountain structures are not present shows a normal monotonic decrease. This further supports the existence of lee wave clouds on the southern wall of Valles Marineris around 65°W.

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after entering a seven-hour eclipse period in April 2022 that it was not designed to survive. The following day, ISRO released a statement that all attempts to revive MOM had failed and officially declared it dead, citing the loss of fuel and battery power to the probe's instruments.

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This tricolour camera gives images and information about the surface features and composition of Martian surface. It is useful to monitor the dynamic events and weather of Mars like dust storms/atmospheric turbidity. MCC will also be used for probing the two satellites of Mars,

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Bhardwaj, Anil; Thampi, Smitha V.; Das, Tirtha Pratim; Dhanya, M. B.; Naik, Neha; Vajja, Dinakar Prasad; Pradeepkumar, P.; Sreelatha, P.; Abhishek J., K.; Thampi, R. Satheesh; Yadav, Vipin K.; Sundar, B.; Nandi, Amarnath; Padmanabhan, G. Padma; Aliyas, A. V. (1 March 2017).

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downlink signals from the spacecraft during the May-June 2015 (post-maxima of solar cycle 24) period when the Sun was between Earth and Mars along a line in the same elliptical plane. The downlink signals from the spacecraft of frequency 2.29 GHz passed through the solar

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flyby of the planet on 19 October 2014. The spacecraft consumed 1.9 kg (4 lb) of fuel for the manoeuvre. As a result, MOM's apoapsis was reduced to 72,000 km (45,000 mi). After the comet passed by Mars, ISRO reported that MOM remained healthy.

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capable of analysing the neutral composition of particles in the range of 1–300 amu (atomic mass unit) with unit mass resolution. The heritage of this payload is from Chandra's Altitudinal Composition Explorer (CHACE) payload aboard the Moon Impact Probe (MIP) in

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The space agency had planned the launch on 28 October 2013 but was postponed to 5 November following the delay in ISRO's spacecraft tracking ships to take up pre-determined positions due to poor weather in the Pacific Ocean. Launch opportunities for a fuel-saving

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of the ice cap is seen vaporized, adding water and carbon di-oxide to the atmosphere. Afternoon clouds are visible over Tempe Terra and near Martian North Polar region. Smaller cloud patches could also be seen over Naochis Terra region in the southern hemisphere.

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The orbiter's dry mass is 482.5 kg (1,064 lb) and it carried 852 kg (1,878 lb) of fuel at launch. Its main engine, a derivative of the system used on India's communications satellites, uses the bipropellant combination

5663: 5244: 722:, and the finished spacecraft was shipped to Sriharikota on 2 October 2013 for integration to the PSLV-XL launch vehicle. The satellite's development was fast-tracked and completed in a record 15 months, partly due to using reconfigured 1923:(PSLV). Since it was not powerful enough to place MOM on a direct-to-Mars trajectory, the spacecraft was launched into a highly elliptical Earth orbit and used its own thrusters over multiple perigee burns (to take advantage of the 1102:

panels of 1.8 m × 1.4 m (5 ft 11 in × 4 ft 7 in) each (7.56 m (81.4 sq ft) total), for a maximum of 840 watts of power generation in Mars orbit. Electricity is stored in a 36

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project to develop the technologies for designing, planning, management, and operations of an interplanetary mission. It carried five scientific instruments. The spacecraft was monitored from the Spacecraft Control Centre at

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During 18 to 30 May 2016, a communication whiteout occurred with Earth coming directly between Sun and Mars. Due to high solar radiation, sending commands to spacecraft was avoided and payload operations were suspended.

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to about 1.0 near the top, while the green channel measures an AOD of around 2.1 and similarly decreases monotonically with increasing altitude. Both measurements shows a clear relation that can be well fitted with an

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The MOM probe, which is named Mangalyaan (Sanskrit for "Mars craft"), executed a 24-minute orbital insertion burn Tuesday night, ending a 10-month space journey that began with the spacecraft's launch on Nov. 5,

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and also offer an opportunity to identify and re-estimate the orbits of asteroids seen during the Martian Transfer Trajectory. The spacecraft also provided the first views ever of the far side of Martian Moon

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of 76,993.6 km (47,841.6 mi). At the end of the orbit insertion, MOM was left with 40 kg (88 lb) of fuel on board, more than the 20 kg (44 lb) necessary for a six-month mission.

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Mars. Very few full disk images have ever been taken in the past, mostly on approach to the planet, as most imaging is done looking straight down in mapping mode. These images will aid planetary scientists.

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Four trajectory corrections were originally planned, but only three were carried out. The first trajectory correction manoeuvre (TCM) was carried out on 11 December 2013 at 01:00 UTC by firing the 22-newton

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Its measurements of other atmospheric components will dovetail very nicely with Maven and the observations being made by Europe's Mars Express. "It means we'll be getting three-point measurements, which is

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mapping of Mars was executed based on data acquired from the Methane Sensor for Mars (MSM) payload. The instrument is a differential radiometer in SWIR region of spectrum that measures reflected

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India's Mars Orbiter Mission successfully entered Mars' orbit Wednesday morning, making India the first nation to arrive on its first attempt and the first Asian country to reach the Red Planet.

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less than one degree of the limb of the planet was discarded to avoid atmospheric limb brightening and to ensure that the field of view was entirely on the planet. Data with incidence and zolar

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variation in the three mass channels is 271 ± 5 K. These first observations corresponding to the Martian evening hours is expected to provide constraints data to the thermal escape models.

5606: 5341: 845:(ISAC). He spearheaded the task of conceptualization, design and realization of the unique spacecraft MOM. He ingeniously planned to realize the spacecraft in a record time of 15 months. 7050: 5005: 2640:

it is clear that there is a mountain-like structure along the southern walls of the valley, which is expected to cause the creation of banner clouds in the lee side of the mountain or

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The second orbit raising manoeuvre was performed on 7 November 2013 at 20:48 UTC, with a burn time of 570.6 seconds resulting in an apogee of 40,186 km (24,970 mi).

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were utilised. The 18 m (59 ft) dish antenna was used for communication with the craft until April 2014, after which the larger 32 m (105 ft) antenna was used.

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The main objectives are to develop the technologies required for designing, planning, management and operations of an interplanetary mission comprising the following major tasks:

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also indicate that the change in slope in argon density occurs near the upper exosphere of around 230–260 km. These observations indicate significant suprathermal populations of

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The third orbit raising manoeuvre was performed on 8 November 2013 at 20:40 UTC, with a burn time of 707 seconds, resulting in an apogee of 71,636 km (44,513 mi).

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TIS measures the thermal emission and can be operated during both day and night. It would map surface composition and mineralogy of Mars and also monitor atmospheric

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On 24 September 2019, MOM completed 5 years in orbit around Mars, sending 2 terabytes of imaging data, and had enough propellant to complete another year in orbit.

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ORS-3, STPSat-3, Black Knight 1, CAPE-2, ChargerSat-1, COPPER, DragonSat-1, Firefly (satellite), Ho'oponopono-2, Horus, KySat-2, NPS-SCAT, ORSES, ORS Tech 1, 2,

7231: 4577: 6252: 4166: 6996: 6663: 6193:"Estimation of dust variability and scale height of atmospheric optical depth (AOD) in the Valles Marineris on Mars by Indian Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) data" 6146:"Estimation of dust variability and scale height of atmospheric optical depth (AOD) in the Valles Marineris on Mars by Indian Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) data" 5518: 3078: 2751:

On 18 July 2021 Mars Colour Camera (MCC) captured full disc image of Mars from an altitude of about 75,000 km with spatial resolution about 3.7 km.

4651: 6693: 5372: 4400: 4049: 8409: 6102:"A study on the solar coronal dynamics during the post-maxima phase of the solar cycle 24 using S -band radio signals from the Indian Mars Orbiter Mission" 6062:"A study on the solar coronal dynamics during the post-maxima phase of the solar cycle 24 using S-band radio signals from the Indian Mars Orbiter Mission" 4936: 5225: 2165:

orbiter. The 440-newton liquid apogee motor was test fired on 22 September at 09:00 UTC for 3.968 seconds, about 41 hours before actual orbit insertion.

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On 28 September 2014, MOM controllers published the spacecraft's first global view of Mars. The image was captured by the Mars Colour Camera (MCC).

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Assembly of the PSLV-XL launch vehicle, designated C25, started on 5 August 2013. The mounting of the five scientific instruments was completed at

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India became the first Asian nation to reach the Red Planet when its indigenously made unmanned spacecraft entered the orbit of Mars on Wednesday

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acceleration region. A complimentary observation is that the higher-heliolatitude spectra appear to be flatter than lower-heliolatitude spectra.

1972: 932:'s Jonathan Amos specified lower worker costs, home-grown technologies, simpler design, and a significantly less complicated payload than NASA's 6308: 5349: 4427: 4145: 13502: 12540: 9088: 8487: 5449: 3891: 2975: 6757:"Indian Space Research Organization Mars Orbiter Programme Team Wins National Space Society's Space Pioneer Award for Science and Engineering" 2932: 12599: 11138: 7102: 5013: 5140: 800:

was the Programme Director and was in charge of budget management as well as direction for spacecraft configuration, schedule and resources.

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The Mars Exosphere Neutral Composition Analyser (MENCA) during 18-29 December 2014 provided altitude profiles of three major constituents;

2474:. The low albedo is associated with dark surfaces having volcanic rock basalt as surface expostures. Weekly mean apparent albedo data over 2059: 1395: 1145:

processor, two star sensors, a solar panel Sun sensor, a coarse analog Sun sensor, four reaction wheels, and the primary propulsion system.

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which varied from 262 - 265 km during the evening time or close to sunset terminator hours to attain moderate solar activity conditions.

1919:. Waiting for the new batch of rockets would have delayed the MOM for at least three years, so ISRO opted to switch to the less-powerful 1443: 571: 4240: 2694:

The chairman, ISRO, Shri A.S. Kiran Kumar releasing the Mars Atlas on the occasion of the completion of one year of Mars Orbiter Mission

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India has become the first nation to send a satellite into orbit around Mars on its first attempt, and the first Asian nation to do so.

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I Interviewed ISRO Chief S Somanath | Chandrayaan 3 (He mentioned official name is not Mangalyaan but just MOM or Mars Orbiter Mission)

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Orbit manoeuvres to transfer the spacecraft from Earth-centred orbit to heliocentric trajectory and finally, capture into Martian orbit

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In 2014, China referred to India's successful Mars Orbiter Mission as the "Pride of Asia". The Mars Orbiter Mission team won US-based

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The primary objective of the mission is to develop the technologies required for designing, planning, management and operations of an

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The orbit insertion put MOM in a highly elliptical orbit around Mars, as planned, with a period of 72 hours 51 minutes 51 seconds, a

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After these events, the spacecraft performed a reverse manoeuvre to reorient from its deceleration burn and entered Martian orbit.

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are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).

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The first orbit-raising manoeuvre was performed on 6 November 2013 at 19:47 UTC when the spacecraft's 440-newton (99 lb

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announced that the launch had to be postponed by a week for 5 November 2013 due to a delay of a crucial telemetry ship reaching

14565: 14560: 13772: 13266: 12936: 12043: 8914: 7129:"Radha Bharadwaj discusses her film 'Space MOMs', and why she's at loggerheads with Akshay Kumar's production 'Mission Mangal'" 4677: 3387: 2403: 6386: 13262: 12997: 12406: 11400: 9078: 8028: 6901: 6816: 4383: 2687:

A 17-day communications blackout occurred from 6 to 22 June 2015 while Mars' orbit took it behind the Sun from Earth's view.

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to various factors, including a "modular approach", few ground tests and long working days (18 to 20 hours) for scientists.

10346: 8799: 5790: 4758: 4520:. 2015 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics. 10–13 August 2015. Kochi, India. 2581:

on 28 May), the curve steepens with a spectral index of around 0.6−0.8. For smaller heliocentric distances of less than 10

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MS Pannirselvam was the Chief General Manager at the Sriharikota Rocket port and was tasked to maintain launch schedules.

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B Jayakumar was an Associate Project Director at the PSLV programme which was responsible for testing the rocket systems.

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in the upper atmosphere. Measuring the deuterium/hydrogen ratio will allow an estimation of the amount of water loss to

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Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).

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from Earth. It was also used to slow down the probe for Mars orbit insertion and, subsequently, for orbit corrections.

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In November 2008, the first public acknowledgement of an uncrewed mission to Mars was announced by then-ISRO chairman

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was the Project Director in the PSLV programme. He was also a Mission director of the PSLV-C25/Mars Orbiter Mission.

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S Ramakrishnan was the Director who helped in the development of the liquid propulsion system of the PSLV launcher.

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became more than 100,000 km, an 18 m (59 ft) and a 32 m (105 ft) diameter antenna of the

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Note: The position of MENCA and LAP were later slightly shifted horizontally along the shown sides of their panels

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and generally represent surface covered by dust while the low albedo of less than 0.15 are mainly localised over

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Missions are ordered by launch date. Sign indicates failure en route or before intended mission data returned.

3638: 2802: 2636:. The calculated scale height of AOD equals to 14.08 km and 11.24 km for red and green channels respectively. 1920: 587: 267: 14366: 8129: 7261: 5192: 3555: 1081: 1070:: The lift-off mass was 1,337.2 kg (2,948 lb), including 852 kg (1,878 lb) of propellant. 6487:

Bhardwaj, Anil; Thampi, Smitha V.; Das, Tirtha Pratim; Dhanya, M. B.; Naik, Neha; et al. (March 2016).

2623:(AOD) over northern and southern walls of Valles Marineris. On northern wall ranging from 62°W to 68°W, the 2535: 1800: 1127:) is used for orbit raising and insertion into Mars orbit. The orbiter also has eight 22-newton (4.9 lb 14447: 14442: 14437: 14177: 13820: 13694: 13689: 13684: 12595: 11239: 11188: 11124: 10373: 9048: 8482: 6733: 6493: 4188: 2711: 2676:

On 4 March 2015, the ISRO reported that the MSM instrument was functioning normally and are studying Mars'

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toward Mars. The probe travelled a distance of 780,000,000 kilometres (480,000,000 mi) to reach Mars.

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is the Director at Satish Dhawan Space Centre. He was also the chairman of the Launch Authorisation Board.

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An image taken by the Mars Orbiter Mission spacecraft was the cover photo of the November 2016 issue of

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Mishra, Manoj K.; Chauhan, Prakash; Singh, Ramdayal; Moorthi, S. M.; Sarkar, S. S. (1 February 2016).

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This matches with a similar albedo spike in the region during solar longitude of 280-290 recorded by

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This event helped scientists study the Solar surface and regions where temperature changed abruptly.

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around the Sun to reach Mars. This phase plan included up to four trajectory corrections if needed.

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was approximately 20 days long and started on 28 October 2013. The MOM probe spent about a month in

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Meet ISRO's real Mangalyaan team before watching Mission Mangal in theatres this Independence Day.

2940: 1482:. It is used to transmit and receive the telemetry, tracking, commanding and data to and from the 14272: 13576: 11944: 11870: 11321: 11244: 10251: 10234: 9063: 8738: 8715: 7795: 7400: 6192: 2055: 1431: 622: 5482: 4546: 2727:

were avoided until September 2017. The battery is able to handle eclipses of up to 100 minutes.

1373:

mission. MENCA is planned to perform five observations per orbit with one hour per observation.

14348: 14307: 13814: 13755: 13748: 13713: 12920: 12915: 12881: 12669: 11970: 11843: 11667: 10295: 8891: 8765: 8477: 8425: 8254: 8210: 7946: 7824: 7769: 6032: 5704: 4294:"The secret behind India's budget-friendly moonshots: How ISRO has developed its low-cost edge" 2815: 2791: 2779: 2763: 2121: 2097:

The fourth orbit raising manoeuvre, starting at 20:36 UTC on 10 November 2013, imparted a

1815: 1676: 1268: 953: 708: 689:(US$ 15 million) of required studies for the orbiter. The total project cost may be up to 649:

On 2 October 2022, it was reported that the orbiter had irrecoverably lost communications with

524: 466: 39: 7241:

Current Science Vol.109, Issue 6: Special Section on Mars Orbiter Mission with featured papers

6191:

K., Mishra, Manoj; Prakash, Chauhan; Ramdayal, Singh; M., Moorthi, S.; S., Sarkar, S. (2016).

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to Mars – The probe travelled a distance of 780,000,000 kilometres (480,000,000 mi) in a

14317: 14302: 14291: 14237: 13842: 13060: 12677: 12263: 11965: 11684: 11380: 11284: 11102: 10307: 10204: 9970: 9927: 9764: 9314: 9246: 9140: 8977: 8867: 8855: 8771: 8605: 8579: 8492: 8274: 8244: 7424: 7365: 7319: 7297: 6232: 5722: 4330: 3307: 2901: 2896: 2891: 842: 552: 536: 20: 6061: 6007: 4102:"How ISRO modified a lunar orbiter into Mars orbiter Mangalyaan, India's 'Moon Man' recalls" 2106:(119,846 mi) on 15 November 2013, 19:57 UTC in the final orbit raising manoeuvre. 122: 14355: 12169: 12007: 11764: 11623: 11606: 11594: 11582: 11570: 11551: 11344: 10229: 9665: 9660: 9655: 9407: 8707: 8635: 8527: 8497: 8320: 8289: 8284: 7960: 7716: 7653: 7635: 7621: 7513: 7412: 6502: 6466:"MENCA brings divine wealth from Mars: First science results from the Mars Orbiter Mission" 6204: 6157: 6113: 5826: 3261: 3011: 2783: 2115: 1951: 1928: 1643: 1454:(HBK) ground station is also providing satellite tracking, telemetry and command services. 611: 551:

and the second national space agency in the world to do so on its maiden attempt after the

528: 334: 8512: 7188:"Johnnie Walker launches Imran Khan's directorial debut 'Mission Mars: Keep Walking India" 5171: 3839:"Mangalyaan mission is dead! ISRO Mars Orbiter breaks Indian hearts; it was truly SPECIAL" 2397:

corresponding to this period is almost 5 x 10/cm at an altitude of 250 km and the typical

8: 14522: 14361: 14327: 14322: 14286: 14281: 13768: 13638: 13505: 12932: 12374: 12362: 12215: 12075: 12064: 12060: 11846: 11805: 11770: 11558: 11467: 10098: 9186: 8436: 8224: 8048: 7974: 7788: 7628: 7531: 7024:"'Mission Mangal' Tells the True Story of the Women Behind India's First Mission to Mars" 6896: 5513: 4022: 2876: 2790:

An illustration of the Mars Orbiter Mission spacecraft is featured on the reverse of the

2516: 2475: 2459: 2427: 2363: 2256: 2066: 1947: 1107: 1007: 941: 340: 6506: 6208: 6161: 6117: 5885: 5830: 5814: 4600:"Mars mission gets October, 2013 launch date deadline as India reaches out to the stars" 3812: 3689: 3163: 1296: 888: 859: 449: 97: 14510: 14498: 14427: 14203: 13891: 13879: 13674: 13590: 13454: 13181: 13145: 13055: 13003: 12827: 12819: 12811: 12735: 12729: 12559: 12448: 12401: 12267: 12028: 11930: 11173: 10414: 9983: 9978: 9893: 9888: 9883: 9218: 9207: 8821: 8569: 8457: 8305: 8204: 8169: 8068: 8058: 7781: 7216: 7051:"Before ALTBalaji's Mission Over Mars, meet the real women behind Mars Orbiter Mission" 5390: 4987:"Mars mission: After glitch, Isro plans supplementary orbit-raising operation tomorrow" 3755: 3447: 3420: 3392: 2716: 2381:

The Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser (MENCA) reported altitude profiles of

2315: 2265: 2125: 2063: 1821: 1662: 1651: 965: 797: 731: 454:

Insignia depicting journey from Earth to an elliptical Martian orbit using Mars symbol

190: 7986: 6916: 6489:"On the evening time exosphere of Mars: Result from MENCA aboard Mars Orbiter Mission" 5985:

On the evening time exosphere of Mars, Result from MENCA aboard Mars Orbiter Mission.

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was the Director at the ISRO Satellite Centre. He was also a Project Director for the

14389: 14376: 14182: 13929: 13853: 13459: 13193: 13157: 13133: 13121: 13073: 13010: 12797: 11822: 11449: 11394: 11324: 11305: 11292: 10246: 10217: 10069: 9920: 9161: 8695: 8625: 8344: 8192: 8083: 7762: 7702: 7520: 7456: 7448: 7393: 7360: 7328: 7136: 6872: 6220: 6173: 6080: 5986: 5842: 5424: 4379: 4301: 3527:"India becomes first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, joins elite global space club" 3498:"India's Mars satellite successfully enters orbit, bringing country into space elite" 3051:"India becomes first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, joins elite global space club" 2850: 2830:

of its initial orbit and reach an altitude more suitable for scientific observation.

2633: 2552: 2543: 2471: 2158: 1836: 1766: 1475: 815: 618:). After a 298-day transit to Mars, it was put into Mars orbit on 24 September 2014. 548: 13808: 12802: 8730: 4961:"Mars mission faces first hurdle, 4th orbit-raising operation falls short of target" 1398:

performed navigation and tracking operations for the launch with ground stations at

14474: 13915: 13497: 13038: 13026: 12271: 11788: 8337: 7723: 6510: 6212: 6165: 6121: 5834: 5769:"Mars spacecraft test-fired successfully, to enter red planet's orbit on Wednesday" 5588: 5540: 5290: 5062: 4521: 4463: 3781:"With drained battery & no fuel, India's Mars Orbiter craft quietly bids adieu" 3031: 3026: 2612: 2524: 2467: 2455: 2446:

The bright regions having an albedo greater than 0.4 are mainly localised over the

2435: 2331: 2297: 1935: 1916: 1806: 1521: 1471: 1228: 925: 834: 809: 785: 755: 663: 607: 599: 6060:

M V Roopa, Richa N Jain, R K Choudhary, Anil Bhardwaj, Umang Parikh, Bijoy K Dai.

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The mission would also provide multiple opportunities to observe the Martian moon

818:

was the Director of the Satellite Application Centre, who later went on to be the

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On 7 October 2014, the ISRO altered MOM's orbit so as to move it behind Mars for

2500: 2463: 1955: 825: 13032: 11443: 4525: 2706:

containing images and data from the Mars Orbiter Mission's first year in orbit.

523:(ISRO). It was India's first interplanetary mission and it made ISRO the fourth 14232: 13615: 13564: 13114: 12740: 12715: 12463: 12454: 12276: 12155: 11670: 11526: 10828: 9176: 8832: 8355: 7954: 7895: 7890: 7774: 7596: 7575: 4449:"Multijunction Solar Cell Performance in Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) conditions" 4184:"India Successfully Launches First Mission to Mars; PM Congratulates ISRO Team" 2841: 2715:, presenting measurements obtained by the spacecraft's MENCA instrument of the 2596: 2492: 2480: 2407: 2394: 2120:

On 30 November 2013 at 19:19 UTC, a 23-minute engine firing initiated the

764: 675: 583: 344: 7246: 1903: 1135:(orientation). Its propellant mass at launch was 852 kg (1,878 lb). 751:

Some of the scientists of ISRO and engineers involved in the mission include:

14544: 14401: 13554: 13526: 13098: 12786: 12650: 12585: 12569: 12386: 12341: 12289: 12285: 12255: 12221: 11940: 11866: 11838: 11723: 11629: 11206: 11178: 10529: 10407: 10268: 10263: 10241: 10224: 10212: 9851: 9846: 8748: 8725: 8702: 8690: 8264: 7816: 7614: 7526: 7372: 7140: 6588:"India's Mars Orbiter completes 1000 days in orbit and is still going strong" 6338:"Mars Orbiter Mission sends fresh pictures, methane sensors are working fine" 6224: 6177: 5957: 5846: 5428: 5036:"Isro's Mars Orbiter Mission successfully placed in Mars transfer trajectory" 4305: 2745: 2620: 2504: 1924: 1370: 1336: 1332: 1172:

The 15 kg (33 lb) scientific payload consists of five instruments:

1142: 1121: 1117: 1085: 1077: 1038: 1033: 957: 937: 791: 779: 723: 671: 595: 560: 160: 11816: 11116: 11007: 6966:"India's French Connection: CNES and ISRO jointly will develop Mangalyaan 2" 6561:"Long Eclipse Avoidance Manoeuvres Performed Successfully on MOM Spacecraft" 6126: 2080:

engine was fired for 416 seconds. With this engine firing, the spacecraft's

711:

occur every 26 months, in this case the next two would be in 2016 and 2018.

14534: 14486: 14097: 14092: 14087: 14082: 14077: 14072: 14061: 13829: 13464: 13280: 13228: 13047: 12977: 12972: 12836: 12760: 12756: 12205: 12107: 11894: 11776: 11617: 11532: 11456: 11432: 11298: 11259: 11229: 11216: 11211: 9181: 8360: 8279: 8249: 7870: 7865: 7706: 7335: 5295:"India prepares to take flight to Mars with the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM)" 4502: 3141: 2911: 2556: 2520: 2451: 2440: 2398: 2347: 2281: 564: 7440: 2822:) with a greater scientific payload to Mars in 2024. The orbiter will use 2709:

In March 2016, the first science results of the mission were published in

2627:

of MCC measured an AOD of 1.7 near the bottom of the valley and decreases

1446:

on the US West Coast during the non-visible period of ISRO's network. The

1261: 19:

This article is about the Indian Mars probe. For other Mars orbiters, see

14156: 14149: 14144: 14134: 14127: 14122: 14112: 13544: 13515: 13492: 13320: 13314: 13309: 12946: 12479: 12380: 12325: 12295: 12241: 12134: 12098: 12094: 12090: 11861: 11828: 11366: 11148: 10868: 9712: 9707: 9702: 9697: 9692: 9687: 9166: 8078: 7915: 7077:"Ekta Kapoor's MOM Mission Over Mars features wrong rocket on its poster" 6809:"2015 Space Pioneer Award was presented to ISRO for Mars Orbiter Mission" 6515: 6488: 5838: 4812:"Mars mission: India gets help from South Africa to monitor 'Mangalyaan'" 4146:"U.S., India to Collaborate on Mars Exploration, Earth-Observing Mission" 3232:"India becomes first country to enter Mars' orbit on their first attempt" 2823: 2624: 2615:

acquired by Mars Colour Camera (MCC) payload along with the co-regisered

1399: 1389: 1232: 1209: 1104: 1099: 991:

Meeting power, communications, thermal and payload operation requirements

579: 512: 500: 6639:"ISRO's Mars Mission Completes 5 Years, Was Meant To Last Only 6 Months" 4897: 3642: 2684:

continue orbiting Mars for several years with its remaining propellant.

1915:(GSLV), but the GSLV failed twice in 2010 and still had issues with its 666:. The MOM mission concept began with a feasibility study in 2010 by the 14332: 14188: 14139: 14117: 14107: 14025: 14008: 13972: 13953: 13903: 13605: 13445: 13438: 13433: 13421: 13416: 13411: 13383: 13378: 13373: 13368: 13363: 13353: 13346: 13341: 13336: 13304: 13285: 13246: 13217: 12707: 12687: 12579: 12491: 12316: 12177: 12150: 12140: 12103: 11544: 11462: 10960: 10948: 10912: 10188: 9934: 9876: 9836: 9831: 9821: 9717: 9682: 9677: 8671: 8259: 8239: 8154: 8098: 8093: 8063: 7905: 7474: 7385: 6615:. Indian Space Research Organisation. 24 September 2018. Archived from 6439:"ISRO releases Mars atlas to mark Mangalyaan's first birthday in space" 4516:

Savitha, A.; Chetwani, Rajiv R.; Ravindra, M.; Baradwaj, K. M. (2015).

2600: 2161:

on 24 September 2014, approximately 2 days after the arrival of NASA's

1403: 1216: 1025: 961: 897: 5450:"ISRO successfully test-fires vital engine; Mars orbiter on final lap" 5270:"Mars Orbiter Spacecraft's Main Liquid Engine Successfully Test Fired" 2933:"Mars Orbiter Spacecraft completes Engine Test, fine-tunes its Course" 2744:

On 1 July 2020, MOM was able to capture a photo of the Mars satellite

2595:

on 10 June), it displays flattening in lower-frequency regions with a

1010:

surface features by studying the morphology, topography and mineralogy

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orbiter and MOM, as well as other current and future Mars missions.

14255: 14037: 13996: 13941: 13510: 13234: 13169: 13087: 12780: 12723: 12665: 12604: 12591: 12553: 12549: 12545: 12458: 12427: 12421: 12281: 12189: 12185: 12181: 12112: 11661: 11201: 11078: 11066: 11058: 11046: 11038: 11026: 11014: 11002: 10990: 10978: 10955: 10943: 10936: 10931: 10919: 10907: 10895: 10887: 10880: 10875: 10863: 10856: 10851: 10843: 10835: 10823: 10811: 10803: 10796: 10791: 10784: 10779: 10772: 10767: 10739: 10732: 10727: 10720: 10715: 10707: 10700: 10695: 10683: 10676: 10671: 10172: 10093: 10041: 10036: 10031: 10026: 10021: 10016: 10011: 10006: 9948: 9871: 9672: 9589: 9579: 9574: 9569: 9564: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9519: 9514: 9509: 9504: 9499: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9382: 9212: 8656: 8557: 8503:

Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN–SPACe)

8164: 8144: 8134: 8011: 7968: 7711: 7688: 7681: 7606: 7601: 7588: 7581: 5114:"Mangalyaan's next successful step: a tricky mid-course correction" 3868: 2827: 2658: 2641: 2496: 2443:

greater than 60° was also discarded to reduce atmospheric effects.

2382: 1435: 1240: 1224: 519:

since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5 November 2013 by the

494: 6729:"China Heralds India's Mars Mission Mangalyaan as 'Pride of Asia'" 6280:"Mars Orbiter Mission delivers on promise of global views of Mars" 4654:. Indian Space Research Organisation. 14 July 2017. Archived from 14394: 14019: 13965: 13922: 13837: 13797: 13450: 13108: 13103: 12791: 12771: 12695: 12691: 12620: 12574: 12564: 12505: 12497: 12487: 12483: 12444: 12434: 12335: 12330: 12312: 12210: 12117: 11935: 11918: 11784: 11747: 11289: 11264: 10572: 10548: 10536: 10524: 10512: 10504: 10476: 10468: 10460: 10452: 10444: 10079: 9866: 9861: 9636: 9615: 9467: 9462: 9457: 9452: 9447: 9442: 9437: 9432: 9427: 9422: 9417: 9412: 9397: 9387: 9377: 9223: 8993: 8149: 7910: 7731: 6413:"Mangalyaan can survive for 'years' in Martian orbit: ISRO chief" 5984: 5607:"Mars Orbiter spent 55% of the total fuel so far: ISRO scientist" 2447: 2376: 2098: 2085: 1434:

is providing position data through its three stations located in

1014: 1003:

The scientific objectives deal with the following major aspects:

13705: 12873: 2486: 994:

Incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency situations

956:. The secondary objective is to explore Mars' surface features, 906:

Mars Orbiter Mission spacecraft at various phases of integration

12841: 12682: 12673: 12628: 12535: 12519: 12514: 12439: 12259: 12249: 12245: 11753: 11639: 11634: 11254: 11234: 11220: 11196: 11083: 11019: 10995: 10983: 10924: 10541: 10517: 10182: 10074: 10064: 10048: 9804: 9799: 9794: 9789: 9784: 9779: 9774: 9769: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9724: 9599: 9594: 9474: 9402: 9392: 9372: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9345: 9340: 9156: 8967: 8666: 8610: 7757: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7570: 7565: 7555: 7550: 7507: 7502: 7492: 7482: 4515: 3585:"On a Shoestring, India Sends Orbiter to Mars on Its First Try" 3206:"Mars Orbiter Spacecraft Successfully Inserted into Mars Orbit" 2866:

is a short film released in 2018 based on India's Mars mission.

2677: 2619:

Digital Elevation Map (DEM) were used to calculate atmospheric

2547: 2530: 2431: 2081: 2050:

as seen by Mars Colour Camera (MCC) during the geocentric phase

1479: 1439: 1423: 1411: 1024:

Study the dynamics of the upper atmosphere of Mars, effects of

776:

Chandradathan was the Director of the Liquid Propulsion System.

770:

BS Kiran was the Associate Project Director of Flight Dynamics.

603: 6760: 5556: 5554: 5342:"Isro's Mars Mission: Why Mangalyaan's path is full of riders" 5189:"Mars Orbiter Spacecraft Crosses Half Way Mark of its Journey" 3719:"Mangalyaan successfully placed into Mars Transfer Trajectory" 3610:"India's Mars Mission Mangalyaan to be launched on November 5" 14406: 14372: 12966: 12954: 12766: 12719: 12659: 12357: 12165: 11717: 11695: 11311: 10900: 10744: 9900: 9759: 9754: 8972: 8630: 8615: 8564: 8420: 8073: 7355: 5915:"SWIR Albedo Mapping of Mars Using Mars Orbiter Mission Data" 5067:"Mars Orbiter Mission ready to fly onward from Earth to Mars" 3472:"India Launches Mars Orbiter Mission, Heralds New Space Race" 2703: 2162: 2047: 1875: 1407: 933: 917: 736: 650: 556: 540: 371: 361: 7162:"Actor Imran Khan don's the director's hat for a short film" 6997:"With 82 launches in a go, Isro to rocket into record books" 5815:"Observation of suprathermal argon in the exosphere of Mars" 5545:"A hiccup in the orbital maneuvers for Mars Orbiter Mission" 4213:"India's 450-crore mission to Mars to begin today: 10 facts" 3308:"India's First Mars Probe Makes Historic Red Planet Arrival" 2814:

ISRO plans to develop and launch a follow-up mission called

2767:

Illustration of Mars Orbiter Mission on the reverse side of

1151:: Low gain antenna, mid gain antenna, and high gain antenna. 1084:

structure and propulsion hardware configuration, similar to

14247: 13785: 13536: 11983: 9352: 8874: 8537: 7281: 6613:"Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) completes 4 years in its orbit" 5551: 5373:"Mars mission: Scientists start raising Mangalyaan's orbit" 4937:"India's Mars probe performs third orbit raising manoeuvre" 4786:"NASA's Deep Space Network to Support India's Mars Mission" 4434: 4217: 3967:"We are planning to send our first orbiter to Mars in 2013" 2519:

forcing. The mean exospheric temperature derived using the

1939: 1861: 1463: 1415: 544: 532: 520: 516: 322: 165: 78: 67: 14481: 5562:"Mars mission: Isro performs last orbit-raising manoeuvre" 4915:"Second orbit raising manoeuvre on Mars Mission performed" 2860:

released online in 2019, is based on India's Mars mission.

2806:

magazine, for their story "Mars: Race to the Red Planet".

2393:

of the spacecraft was lowest. The upperlimit of the argon

44:

Mars Orbiter Mission spacecraft around Mars (illustration)

12391: 6783:"ISRO Mars Orbiter Mission Team Wins Space Pioneer Award" 6365:"Mars Orbiter Mission Methane Sensor for Mars is at work" 6143: 6100:

Bhardwaj, Anil; Choudhary, Raj; Jain, Richa Naja (2022).

5226:"Trajectory correction of Mars mission likely by June 11" 4050:"Isro kicks off Mars mission campaign with PSLV assembly" 2054:

Several orbit raising operations were conducted from the

2032:

ITRF1993 frame, plate motion epoch 01-Jan-2003 00:00 UTC

1889: 978:

Development of force models and algorithms for orbit and

929: 12058: 5272:(Press release). ISRO. 22 September 2014. Archived from 5112:

Bagla, Pallava (11 December 2013). Ghosh, Shamik (ed.).

4447:

Uma, BR; Sankaran, M.; Puthanveettil, Suresh E. (2016).

4446: 4148:(Press release). NASA. 30 September 2014. Release 14-266 3892:"Manmohan Singh formally announces India's Mars mission" 3359:"Manmohan Singh formally announces India's Mars mission" 2188:

Satellite communication switched to medium gain antenna

1028:

and radiation and the escape of volatiles to outer space

877: 868: 10489: 8463:

Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST)

6486: 5811: 5789:. Bloomberg TV India. 24 September 2014. Archived from 4833:"Mars Mission on track; orbit to be raised on Thursday" 4269:"How India Launched Its Mars Mission At Cut-Rate Costs" 3864:"After Chandrayaan, its mission to Mars: Madhavan Nair" 3556:"India's spacecraft reaches Mars orbit ... and history" 2914: – European orbiter mission to Mars (2003–Present) 2887:

Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets

1013:

Study the constituents of Martian atmosphere including

6868:"India eyes a return to Mars and a first run at Venus" 6531:"MOM successfully came out of 'whiteout' Phase – ISRO" 6253:"Mars Orbiter Mission looks to sniff methane on comet" 5742:"Mars Orbiter Mission: ISRO to test fire engine today" 5092:"ISRO successfully performs first TCM on Mars Orbiter" 3690:"Why India's Mars mission is so cheap – and thrilling" 2422:

Global SWIR apparent albedo map obtained from MSM data

2084:

was raised to 28,825 km (17,911 mi), with a

1141:: Maneuvering system that includes electronics with a 14458: 8488:

Development and Educational Communication Unit (DECU)

6309:"I'm safe and sound, tweets MOM after comet sighting" 6099: 5589:"Indian spacecraft soars on historic journey to Mars" 4704:"Bangalore centre to control Mars orbiter henceforth" 4130:(Press release). ISRO. 5 October 2013. Archived from 3334:"India Announces Mars Mission One Week After Landing" 3225: 3223: 2879: – Indian government space program administrator 767:

was the Project Director at the Mars Orbiter Mission.

6387:"Mars Orbiter Mission extended for another 6 months" 5723:"India's First Mission to Mars to Launch This Month" 5317:"India prepares to return troubled rocket to flight" 5285: 5283: 5086: 5084: 4678:"India's Mars Orbiter Mission Has a Methane Problem" 4627:"India's Mars Orbiter Mission Has a Methane Problem" 4331:"India's First Mission to Mars to Launch This Month" 4012: 4010: 3112:"India to launch Mars Orbiter Mission on November 5" 3012:"Mars Orbiter Mission spacecraft and its Challenges" 2978:. Indian Space Research Organisation. Archived from 1350:

Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser (MENCA)

988:

Maintain the spacecraft in all phases of the mission

782:

was the Project manager of the Mars Orbiter Mission.

761:

V Kesava Raju was the Mars Orbiter Mission Director.

559:

the fourth nation to orbit another planet after the

12694:, HumSat-D, PUCP-Sat 1 (Pocket-PUCP), BeakerSat-1, 6405: 6190: 5664:"Mangalyaan on track, no path correction in August" 5245:"Mangalyaan on track, no path correction in August" 5191:(Press release). ISRO. 9 April 2014. Archived from 4518:

Onboard processor validation for space applications

3805:"SCIENCE PROGRAMME OFFICE (SPO), ISRO HEADQUARTERS" 716:

Indian Space Research Organisation Satellite Centre

570:The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted off from the 11042:(EOS-06, BhutanSat aka INS-2B, Anand, 26 Nov 2022) 10429: 8199:Sample Collection for Investigation of Mars (SCIM) 8044:Mars Aerial and Ground Global Intelligent Explorer 6579: 6457: 5655: 4324: 4322: 3220: 3073: 3071: 3009: 2414:Global apparent short wave infrared albedo mapping 2131: 773:V Koteswara Rao was the ISRO scientific secretary. 8115: 6106:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 5280: 5081: 4128:"NASA Reaffirms Support for Mars Orbiter Mission" 4007: 2607:Atmospheric optical depth in the Valles Marineris 2567:at larger heliocentric distances greater than 10 2539:Frequency fluctuation spectrum of downlink signal 794:was the Deputy Operations Director of Navigation. 788:was the Deputy Operations Director of Navigation. 743:Earth-facing antenna during automatic maneuvers. 678:approved the project on 3 August 2012, after the 14542: 5166: 5164: 5162: 4855:"Isro scientists raise orbit of Mars spacecraft" 4570:"Amangal to budget from Mangalyaan, say experts" 2970: 2968: 2966: 2964: 2962: 2960: 2958: 1911:ISRO originally intended to launch MOM with its 912:The total cost of the mission was approximately 668:Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology 8473:National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL) 7276: 6957: 6831: 6754: 5861:"ISRO preparing second mission to Mars: Report" 5141:"Mars orbiter gets its first course correction" 4888: 4319: 4176: 3744: 3742: 3740: 3654: 3652: 3633: 3631: 3576: 3435: 3068: 2885: – Mars orbiter, part of ExoMars programme 2389:from four orbits during December 2014 when the 2199:Forward rotation started for deceleration burn 9089:Development and Educational Communication Unit 6553: 6301: 5208:"Health parameters of Mars Orbiter are normal" 5006:"300 days to Mars: Countdown begins for India" 4980: 4978: 4976: 4974: 4886: 4884: 4882: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4874: 4872: 4870: 4868: 4372:Mission Mars: India's Quest for the Red Planet 3799: 3797: 3775: 3773: 3683: 3681: 3351: 3044: 3042: 2377:Observation of suprathermal argon in exosphere 2248: 940:said that the mission cost less than the film 506: 498: 13721: 12889: 12044: 11146: 11132: 10415: 9278: 8403: 7856: 7262: 6480: 5637:"ISRO performs TCM-2 on Mars Orbiter Mission" 5159: 4710:. Deccan Herald News Service. 6 November 2013 4232: 3990:"Rocket science: how ISRO flew to Mars cheap" 3005: 3003: 3001: 2999: 2997: 2955: 2925: 2487:Neutral composition of evening time exosphere 333:24 September 2014, 02:10 UTC (7:40 9115:ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network 6379: 6237:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6085:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5629: 4954: 4952: 4950: 4401:"ISRO scientists study Sun using Mangalyaan" 4204: 4043: 4041: 3737: 3649: 3628: 3407: 3379: 3156: 2845:is loosely based on India's mission to Mars. 2730:On 19 May 2017, MOM reached 1,000 days (973 2531:Radio occultation experiment on solar corona 2060:ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network 1396:ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network 1116:: A liquid fuel engine with a thrust of 440 628:ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network 431:Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser 9310:List of Satish Dhawan Space Centre launches 9242:List of Satish Dhawan Space Centre launches 5787:"India's Maiden Mars Mission Makes History" 5417:"India to enter Mars orbit on September 24" 5264: 5262: 5107: 5105: 4971: 4865: 4848: 4846: 4753: 4751: 4509: 3794: 3770: 3678: 3414:Patairiya, Pawan Kumar (23 November 2013). 3039: 2038: 1462:Communications are handled by two 230-watt 1288:Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (TIS) 696:(US$ 54 million). The satellite costs 13800:(asteroid sample-return mission; Dec 2014) 13728: 13714: 12896: 12882: 12051: 12037: 11139: 11125: 10422: 10408: 9285: 9271: 9021:Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station 8410: 8396: 8125:Aerial Regional-scale Environmental Survey 7269: 7255: 7127:Dundoo, Sangeetha Devi (1 December 2018). 6755:Brandt-Erichsen, David (12 January 2015). 6727:Sridharan, Vasudevan (24 September 2014). 6362: 6286: 6277: 5886:"UPDATE ON THE MARS ORBITER MISSION (MOM)" 5661: 5539: 5289: 5242: 5061: 5003: 4728: 4618: 4567: 4537: 4535: 4398: 4077:"India's Mission Mars: The journey begins" 3935: 3933: 3660:"Mars Orbiter Mission: Mission Objectives" 3200: 3198: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3164:"Update on the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM)" 3010:S. Arunan; R. Satish (25 September 2015). 2994: 2599:of around 0.2−0.4, which corresponds to a 1633:Apogee: 192,874 km (119,846 mi) 822:after this, when the team studied the Mard 448: 96: 16:Indian orbiter mission to Mars (2013–2022) 8468:Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS) 8453:Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) 8160:Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher (MAX-C) 6726: 6585: 6514: 6125: 5533: 5468: 5098:. Press Trust of India. 11 December 2013. 5057: 5055: 5053: 5051: 5049: 4947: 4930: 4928: 4909: 4907: 4827: 4825: 4783: 4467: 4038: 3988:Chaudhuri, Pramit Pal (6 November 2013). 3987: 3941:"India's Mars mission gets Rs. 125 crore" 3413: 3030: 2854:is loosely based on India's Mars mission. 1671: 1617:Apogee: 118,642 km (73,721 mi) 1155: 968:using indigenous scientific instruments. 841:. Mars Orbiter Mission is the product of 6917:"Mangalyaan, India's first Mars mission" 6759:. National Space Society. Archived from 6393:. Indo-Asian News Service. 24 March 2015 6245: 5568:. Press Trust of India. 16 November 2013 5509:"India's MOM spacecraft arrives at Mars" 5506: 5259: 5102: 5042:. Press Trust of India. 1 December 2013. 4921:. Press Trust of India. 8 November 2013. 4843: 4839:. Press Trust of India. 6 November 2013. 4748: 4722: 4499:"Mars Orbiter Mission: Major Challenges" 3947:. Indo-Asian News Service. 19 March 2012 3872:. United News of India. 23 November 2008 3299: 3106: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3079:"Mars Orbiter Spacecraft's Orbit Raised" 2762: 2698:On 24 September 2015, ISRO released its 2689: 2534: 2417: 2148: 2042: 1902: 1611:Orbit raising manoeuvre (supplementary) 1601:Apogee: 78,276 km (48,638 mi) 1585:Apogee: 71,636 km (44,513 mi) 1569:Apogee: 40,186 km (24,970 mi) 1553:Apogee: 28,825 km (17,911 mi) 1537:Apogee: 23,550 km (14,630 mi) 1379: 1219:that measures the relative abundance of 1159: 1057: 998: 982:(orientation) computations and analysis 142:7 years, 6 months, 8 days 12690:, STSAT-3, SkySat-1, UniSat-5 (Dove 4, 6789:. Press Trust of India. 14 January 2015 6278:Lakdawalla, Emily (29 September 2014). 5696:Rao, V. Koteswara (15 September 2014). 5691: 5689: 5364: 5205: 5181: 5172:"ISRO's Mars Orbiter spacecraft has..." 5135: 5133: 5131: 5129: 5127: 4896:. ISRO. 8 November 2013. Archived from 4532: 4365: 4363: 4361: 4359: 4357: 4355: 4353: 4351: 4241:"India's Mars mission: worth the cost?" 4018:"India plans mission to Mars next year" 3930: 3900:. Press Trust of India. 15 August 2012. 3641:. ISRO. 2 December 2013. Archived from 3524: 3185: 3048: 2555:at solar offset distances between 4-20 2144: 2109: 1913:Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle 1098:: Electric power is generated by three 14543: 9911:Technology Experiment Satellite (TESS) 8915:RLV Technology Demonstration Programme 7126: 6994: 6292: 6139: 6137: 6055: 6053: 6002: 6000: 5980: 5978: 5913:Mishra, Manoj Kumar (1 January 2017). 5912: 5908: 5906: 5046: 5004:Srivastava, Vanita (1 December 2013). 4935:Kaping, Philaso G. (9 November 2013). 4934: 4925: 4904: 4894:"Mars Orbiter Mission: Latest Updates" 4822: 4606:. Press Trust of India. 4 January 2013 4047: 3639:"Mars Orbiter Mission: Latest Updates" 3583:Harris, Gardiner (24 September 2014). 3582: 3367:. Press Trust of India. 15 August 2012 3331: 3327: 3325: 3238:. Agence France-Presse. Archived from 3229: 3138:"Mars Orbiter Mission: Launch Vehicle" 13709: 13656:(enters interstellar space; Sep 2013) 12877: 12032: 11120: 10403: 9292: 9266: 9079:Laboratory for Electro-Optics Systems 8391: 8029:Biological Oxidant and Life Detection 7250: 6963: 6865: 6463: 6445:. Zee Media Bureau. 24 September 2015 6419:. Express News Service. 15 April 2015 6335: 6059: 5720: 5586: 5507:Gebhardt, Chris (23 September 2014). 5111: 4729:Madhumathi, D. S. (6 November 2013). 4624: 4568:Chellappan, Kumar (11 January 2013). 4561: 4328: 4210: 4074: 3748: 3495: 3469: 3386:Bal, Hartosh Singh (30 August 2012). 3118:. Times News Network. 22 October 2013 3097: 2833: 2657:of 421.7 km (262.0 mi) and 947: 415:Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer 7021: 6995:Laxman, Srinivas (29 October 2016). 6694:"Mars full disc image by MCC – ISRO" 6586:Vyawahare, Malavika (19 June 2017). 6464:Ahmed, Syed Maqbool (2 March 2016). 6336:Kumar, Chethan (26 September 2014). 5958:"Mars Global Data Sets: IRTM Albedo" 5686: 5662:Srivastava, Vanita (1 August 2014). 5643:. Press Trust of India. 12 June 2014 5521:from the original on 18 January 2024 5414: 5243:Srivastava, Vanita (1 August 2014). 5232:. Press Trust of India. 2 June 2014. 5124: 4985:Rao, Ch. Sushil (11 November 2013). 4959:Rao, Ch. Sushil (11 November 2013). 4369: 4348: 4068: 3959: 3688:Amos, Jonathan (24 September 2014). 3687: 3553: 3305: 2809: 2410:and argon in the Martian exosphere. 2124:of MOM away from Earth orbit and on 1954:to achieve the thrust necessary for 1737:3rd Trajectory correction (planned) 1705:2nd Trajectory correction (planned) 1669:December 2013 – September 2014 1053: 670:after the launch of lunar satellite 350:3649 days / 3551 sols 14581:Spacecraft launched by PSLV rockets 13521:Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall 13014:(astrometric observation; Dec 2013) 13006:(ultraviolet observation; Sep 2013) 12244:(Aist 2, BeeSat-2, BeeSat-3, SOMP, 6866:Bagla, Pallava (17 February 2017). 6293:Laxman, Srinivas (9 October 2014). 6134: 6050: 5997: 5975: 5903: 5766: 5695: 5370: 4984: 4958: 4852: 4810:Rao, Ch. Sushil (3 December 2013). 4809: 4399:rajasekhar, pathri (2 March 2022). 4266: 4238: 3554:Park, Madison (24 September 2014). 3525:Lakshmi, Rama (24 September 2014). 3385: 3322: 3230:Tucker, Harry (25 September 2014). 3212:. 24 September 2014. Archived from 3049:Lakshmi, Rama (24 September 2014). 2939:. 22 September 2014. Archived from 2523:values estimated from the observed 2218:manoeuvre performed with thrusters 2157:The plan was for an insertion into 1448:South African National Space Agency 376:76,993.6 km (47,841.6 mi) 13: 12143:M078, M087, M093, M094, M095, M096 10336:Indian Human Spaceflight Programme 8789:Indian human spaceflight programme 8483:Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) 7455: 7447: 7439: 7303:List of artificial objects on Mars 6964:Singh, Kanishk (28 January 2016). 6668:Indian Space Research Organisation 6664:"Phobos imaged by MOM on 1st July" 6363:Lakdawalla, Emily (4 March 2015). 5721:David, Leonard (15 October 2013). 5613:. 18 December 2013. Archived from 5587:Clark, Stephen (5 November 2013). 4329:David, Leonard (16 October 2013). 4211:Bhatt, Abhinav (5 November 2013). 4048:Laxman, Srinivas (6 August 2013). 3496:Burke, Jason (24 September 2014). 2562:The experiment was conducted in a 2226:Liquid Apogee Motor starts firing 1934:On 19 October 2013, ISRO chairman 1907:Launch of the Mars Orbiter Mission 1489: 1470:. The antenna array consists of a 680:Indian Space Research Organisation 602:, where it made a series of seven 521:Indian Space Research Organisation 14: 14597: 14586:Spacecraft decommissioned in 2022 13735: 12903: 12714:, HINCube-1, KHUSat-1, KHUSat-2, 12013:List of extraterrestrial orbiters 11107:Italics indicates future missions 8316:Mars Exploration Joint Initiative 7210: 6914: 5740:Singh, Ritu (22 September 2014). 5348:. 6 November 2013. Archived from 4784:Jayaraman, K. S. (28 June 2013). 4075:Bagla, Pallava (3 October 2013). 3749:Kumar, Chethan (2 October 2022). 3470:Chang, Jon M. (5 November 2013). 2976:"Mars Orbiter Mission Spacecraft" 2546:experiments were performed using 2234:Liquid Apogee Motor stops firing 1793:Animation of Mars Orbiter Mission 1534:Burn time: 15:35 min in 5 stages 1457: 1269:methane in the atmosphere of Mars 1139:Attitude and Orbit Control System 14528: 14516: 14504: 14492: 14480: 14468: 14433: 14432: 14421: 14271: 13819: 13813: 13807: 13771: 13680: 13679: 13668: 13575: 13265: 13037: 13031: 13025: 12935: 11906:Double Asteroid Redirection Test 10488: 10111: 9110:Indian Space Science Data Centre 9059:Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre 8511: 8419: 8004:Mars Sample Recovery Helicopters 7180: 7154: 7120: 7095: 7069: 7043: 7022:Gohd, Chelsea (23 August 2019). 7015: 6988: 6931: 6908: 6880: 6859: 6801: 6775: 6748: 6720: 6686: 6656: 6631: 6605: 6523: 6431: 6356: 6329: 6271: 6184: 6093: 6025: 5950: 5925: 5878: 5853: 5805: 5779: 5760: 5733: 5714: 5599: 4625:Klotz, Irene (7 December 2016). 4543:"Mars Orbiter Mission: Payloads" 4425:Mars Orbiter Mission Spacecraft. 4267:Rai, Saritha (7 November 2013). 3973:. 12 August 2012. Archived from 3306:Wall, Mike (23 September 2014). 2864:Mission Mars: Keep Walking India 2355: 2339: 2323: 2314: 2305: 2289: 2273: 2264: 2255: 1829: 1814: 1799: 1640:30 November 2013 19:19 UTC 1592:10 November 2013 20:36 UTC 1357: 1323: 1295: 1260: 1208: 896: 887: 876: 867: 858: 459:Indian Mars exploration missions 38: 12981:(mission to the Moon; Dec 2013) 12706:, WNISat-1, GOMX-1, CubeBug-2, 11062:(DS-SAR, VELOX-AM, 30 Jul 2023) 10259:Lunar Polar Exploration Mission 9984:Rohini Technology Payload (RTP) 8755:Lunar Polar Exploration Mission 8175:Mars Telecommunications Orbiter 7981:Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) 6900:. November 2016. Archived from 5767:Ram, Arun (22 September 2014). 5580: 5500: 5442: 5408: 5383: 5334: 5309: 5236: 5218: 5199: 5028: 4997: 4803: 4777: 4696: 4670: 4644: 4592: 4491: 4440: 4418: 4392: 4286: 4260: 4239:Vij, Shivam (5 November 2013). 4160: 4138: 4120: 4094: 3981: 3904: 3884: 3856: 3831: 3711: 3602: 3547: 3518: 3489: 3463: 3332:Walton, Zach (15 August 2012). 3277: 3254: 2132:Trajectory correction maneuvers 1576:8 November 2013 20:40 UTC 1560:7 November 2013 20:48 UTC 1544:6 November 2013 19:47 UTC 1528:5 November 2013 09:08 UTC 1164:Mars Orbiter Mission - Payloads 1021:using remote sensing techniques 279:Satish Dhawan Space Centre, FLP 185:1,337.2 kg (2,948 lb) 10431:Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle 9125:National Remote Sensing Centre 4759:"Mars orbiter well on its way" 3130: 2758: 2088:of 252 km (157 mi). 1921:Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle 1474:, a medium-gain antenna and a 1176:Mars Orbiter Mission Payloads 728:US federal government shutdown 588:Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle 108: 1: 14566:November 2013 events in India 14561:Space probes launched in 2013 13000:(solar observation; Jun 2013) 12722:, Triton 1, UWE-3, VELOX-P2, 8478:NewSpace India Limited (NSIL) 8130:Astrobiology Field Laboratory 7229:Mars Orbiter Mission brochure 6940:Scientific Assembly Abstracts 6815:. 20 May 2015. Archived from 6670:. 5 July 2020. Archived from 5371:Ram, Arun (7 November 2013). 4853:Ram, Arun (7 November 2013). 4731:"Mars baton shifts to ISTRAC" 4437:. Accessed on 18 August 2019. 3912:"Cabinet clears Mars mission" 2918: 1711:Rescheduled for 11 June 2014 1422:, and after the spacecraft's 1344:Particle Environment Studies 1253:Methane Sensor for Mars (MSM) 527:to achieve Mars orbit, after 366:421.7 km (262.0 mi) 219:1.5 m (4.9 ft) cube 203:482.5 kg (1,064 lb) 14448:Category:2015 in outer space 14443:Category:2014 in outer space 14438:Category:2013 in outer space 13695:Category:2014 in outer space 13690:Category:2013 in outer space 13685:Category:2012 in outer space 11240:Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter 10374:Bharatiya Antariksha Station 9049:Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre 7217:Mars Orbiter Mission website 6734:International Business Times 6494:Geophysical Research Letters 6217:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.10.017 6170:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.10.017 5819:Geophysical Research Letters 5206:Ganesan, S. (2 March 2014). 5177:. Facebook.com. 9 June 2014. 4189:International Business Times 3416:"Why India Is Going to Mars" 2712:Geophysical Research Letters 2153:Mars Orbit Insertion Profile 1718:11 June 2014 11:00 UTC 1201:Lyman-Alpha Photometer (LAP) 590:(PSLV) rocket C25 at 09:08 ( 195:≈550 kg (1,210 lb) 7: 14385:(Mars orbit insertion; Sep) 12672:× 8, SENSE A, B, SwampSat, 12003:List of Solar System probes 9031:Kulasekharapatnam Spaceport 8585:Human Spaceflight Programme 8054:Mars Exploration Ice Mapper 7999:NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return 7975:Tera-hertz Explorer (TEREX) 7343:Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter 5933:"Global Albedo Map of Mars" 5175:ISRO's Mars Orbiter Mission 4652:"Global Albedo Map of Mars" 4526:10.1109/ICACCI.2015.7275677 4469:10.1051/e3sconf/20171604001 2870: 2249:Mars Global and Local Views 1686:11 December 2013 01:00 UTC 1624:15 November 2013 19:57 UTC 1608:11 November 2013 23:33 UTC 10: 14602: 14351:K2 mission extension (May) 13632:Herschel Space Observatory 13276:DENIS-P J082303.1−491201 b 9074:ISRO Inertial Systems Unit 9016:Satish Dhawan Space Centre 8509: 5415:Ians (15 September 2014). 3032:10.18520/v109/i6/1061-1069 2371: 2243: 2113: 1849: Mars Orbiter Mission 1752:3rd Trajectory correction 1721:2nd Trajectory correction 1689:1st Trajectory correction 1383: 1354:3.56 kg (7.8 lb) 1320:1.27 kg (2.8 lb) 1292:3.20 kg (7.1 lb) 1257:2.94 kg (6.5 lb) 1205:1.97 kg (4.3 lb) 1044: 657: 594:) on 5 November 2013. The 576:Satish Dhawan Space Centre 555:did in 2003. It also made 18: 14416: 14341: 14313:C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring) 14269: 14246: 14170: 14052: 13862:Asteroid close approaches 13851: 13828: 13805: 13767: 13741: 13663: 13624: 13601:C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring) 13573: 13535: 13480: 13261: 13082:Asteroid close approaches 13071: 13046: 13023: 12988: 12957:(lunar orbiter; Sep 2013) 12945: 12931: 12909: 12859: 12749: 12637: 12613: 12528: 12472: 12414: 12351: 12304: 12231: 12198: 12126: 12083: 11998: 11884: 11650: 11516: 11505: 11476: 11423: 11358: 11275: 11187: 11166: 11155: 11098: 11030:(DS-EO, NeuSAR, Scoob-1, 10971: 10608: 10497: 10486: 10437: 10382: 10326: 10282: 10203: 10165: 10127: 10120: 10109: 10057: 9994: 9958: 9648: 9330: 9323: 9305:List of Indian satellites 9300: 9252:List of ISRO chairpersons 9237:List of Indian satellites 9232: 9200: 9149: 9133: 9105:Indian Deep Space Network 9097: 9084:Human Space Flight Centre 9069:Space Applications Centre 9041: 9006: 8986: 8960: 8953: 8928: 8907: 8840: 8831: 8781: 8681: 8649: 8593: 8520: 8445: 8437:Department of Space (DoS) 8432: 8378: 8329: 8298: 8232: 8223: 8111: 8021: 7939: 7932: 7852: 7815: 7750: 7652: 7543: 7473: 7466: 7437: 7384: 7361:ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter 7318: 7311: 7288: 6037:forum.nasaspaceflight.com 5739: 4246:Christian Science Monitor 2883:ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter 2769:Mahatma Gandhi New Series 2648: 2192: 2181: 2069:for its transit to Mars. 2056:Spacecraft Control Centre 1898: 1660: 1519: 1484:Indian Deep Space Network 1432:NASA's Deep Space Network 1428:Indian Deep Space Network 1343: 1281: 1239:corona and generation of 1194: 839:Indian Deep Space Network 726:orbiter bus. Despite the 636:Indian Deep Space Network 567:, and ESA member states. 511:'Craft, Vehicle'), was a 487:), unofficially known as 447: 435: 427: 419: 411: 403: 396: 392: 388: 380: 370: 360: 355: 329: 321: 317: 313: 305: 300: 296: 292: 284: 274: 263: 244: 239: 235: 231: 223: 215: 211:13.4 kg (30 lb) 207: 199: 189: 181: 171: 159: 154: 150: 146: 128: 118: 105: 84: 74: 63: 59: 49: 37: 14571:Satellites orbiting Mars 13645:The Day the Earth Smiled 12969:(Mars orbiter; Nov 2013) 12963:(Mars orbiter; Nov 2013) 12511:Eutelsat 25B / Es'hail 1 12394:× 4 (PFM, FM2, FM4, FM5) 12147:Azerspace-1/Africasat-1a 12018:List of space telescopes 9408:9 (South Asia Satellite) 9054:U R Rao Satellite Centre 8311:Mars Exploration Program 7293:List of missions to Mars 7222:10 November 2016 at the 6297:. The Planetary Society. 6282:. The Planetary Society. 5547:. The Planetary Society. 2907:List of missions to Mars 2748:from 4200 km away. 2702:, a 120-page scientific 2039:Orbit raising manoeuvres 2029:DSN Station Plate Motion 1627:Orbit raising manoeuvre 1595:Orbit raising manoeuvre 1579:Orbit raising manoeuvre 1563:Orbit raising manoeuvre 1547:Orbit raising manoeuvre 1366:quadrupole mass analyser 1316:Mars Colour Camera (MCC) 1282:Surface Imaging Studies 1267:It was meant to measure 1092:) sandwich construction. 985:Navigation in all phases 674:in 2008. Prime Minister 176:U R Rao Satellite Centre 25:list of missions to Mars 11050:(TeLEOS-2, Lumelite-4, 10859:, 31 Aug 2017, failure) 9120:Master Control Facility 9064:ISRO Propulsion Complex 7401:Mars Science Laboratory 6468:. The Planetary Society 6367:. The Planetary Society 5297:. The Planetary Society 5069:. The Planetary Society 4430:5 February 2019 at the 1927:) to place itself on a 1779:Burn time: 1388.67 sec 1648:Burn time: 1328.89 sec 1495:Timeline of Operations 849: 746: 623:technology demonstrator 423:Methane Sensor for Mars 14428:Outer space portal 14397:; Sep 2014 / Mar 2015) 14308:C/2013 V5 (Oukaimeden) 13675:Outer space portal 13525:Water vapor plumes of 12710:, Dove 3, First-MOVE, 11054:(hosted), 22 Apr 2023) 11034:(hosted), 30 Jun 2022) 10448:(20 Sep 1993, failure) 10296:Mars Orbiter Mission 2 9134:Legislation and policy 8766:Mars Orbiter Mission 2 8426:Indian space programme 7770:Mars Exploration Rover 7460: 7452: 7444: 6008:"Mars Orbiter Mission" 5703:. ISRO. Archived from 5698:"Mars Orbit Insertion" 5454:www.downtoearth.org.in 5391:"MARS Orbiter Mission" 4545:. ISRO. Archived from 4501:. ISRO. Archived from 4456:E3S Web of Conferences 3662:. ISRO. Archived from 3140:. ISRO. Archived from 2816:Mars Orbiter Mission 2 2780:National Space Society 2775: 2695: 2540: 2423: 2154: 2051: 1908: 1677:Hohmann transfer orbit 1169: 1156:Scientific instruments 1063: 954:interplanetary mission 709:Hohmann transfer orbit 634:with support from the 507: 499: 439:Lyman Alpha Photometer 248:5 November 2013, 09:08 14318:C/2014 Q1 (PanSTARRS) 14303:C/2012 K1 (PANSTARRS) 14238:Laniakea Supercluster 13843:2014 Ontario fireball 13634:retirement (Jun 2013) 13616:P/2013 P5 (PanSTARRS) 13596:C/2012 S4 (PANSTARRS) 13586:C/2011 L4 (PANSTARRS) 13061:Chelyabinsk meteorite 12678:Vermont Lunar CubeSat 12256:Cygnus Mass Simulator 11966:Peregrine Mission One 11510:(by termination date) 11285:Emirates Mars Mission 11160:(deep space missions) 11103:List of PSLV launches 11090:(hosted), 1 Jan 2024) 10386:Future spacecraft in 10308:Venus Orbiter Mission 9315:List of ISRO missions 9247:List of ISRO missions 9141:Space Activities Bill 8772:Venus Orbiter Mission 8493:Integrated Space Cell 7965:(2024, flyby in 2025) 7957:(2024, flyby in 2025) 7536:(2023, flyby in 2026) 7527:Mars Cube One (MarCO) 7459: 7451: 7443: 7298:List of Mars orbiters 6127:10.1093/mnras/stac056 5775:. Times News Network. 5710:on 24 September 2014. 5379:. Times News Network. 5276:on 24 September 2014. 5255:on 13 September 2014. 4993:. Times News Network. 4967:. Times News Network. 4861:. Times News Network. 4818:. Times News Network. 3216:on 25 September 2014. 2902:List of Mars orbiters 2897:List of ISRO missions 2892:Venus Orbiter Mission 2766: 2693: 2670:comet Siding Spring's 2538: 2421: 2152: 2114:Further information: 2046: 1987:Gravity Model (Earth) 1929:trans-Mars trajectory 1906: 1776:Mars orbit insertion 1630:Burn time: 243.5 sec 1614:Burn time: 303.8 sec 1566:Burn time: 570.6 sec 1468:coherent transponders 1384:Further information: 1380:Telemetry and command 1229:Lyman-alpha emissions 1163: 1061: 999:Scientific objectives 843:ISRO Satellite Centre 758:led as Chairman ISRO. 614:on 30 November 2013 ( 553:European Space Agency 537:European Space Agency 155:Spacecraft properties 21:list of Mars orbiters 14383:Mars Orbiter Mission 13769:Space probe launches 12961:Mars Orbiter Mission 12933:Space probe launches 12698:, QBScout-1, WREN), 12645:Mars Orbiter Mission 12067:Orbital launches in 12008:List of lunar probes 11595:Mars Global Surveyor 11507:Completed after 2000 10689:Mars Orbiter Mission 10290:Mars Orbiter Mission 8761:Mars Orbiter Mission 8684:planetary spacecraft 8636:South Asia Satellite 8498:Defence Space Agency 8321:Mars Next Generation 8280:Permanent settlement 8170:Mars Surveyor Lander 7636:Mars Climate Orbiter 7622:Mars Global Surveyor 7234:2 April 2016 at the 7003:. Times News Network 6516:10.1002/2016GL067707 6344:. Times News Network 5839:10.1002/2016GL072001 5674:on 13 September 2014 5543:(10 November 2013). 5476:"A journey with MOM" 5065:(30 November 2013). 4505:on 13 November 2013. 4056:. Times News Network 2848:A web series called 2839:The 2019 Hindi film 2145:Mars orbit insertion 2116:Trans-Mars injection 2110:Trans-Mars injection 2016:JPL : DTM 2010 2003:Gravity Model (Mars) 1998:GRAIL360b6a (20x20) 1995:Gravity Model (Moon) 1962:Models used for MOM: 1952:dinitrogen tetroxide 1692:Burn time: 40.5 sec 1644:Trans-Mars injection 1195:Atmospheric Studies 1062:Mars Orbiter Mission 612:trans-Mars injection 529:Soviet space program 481:Mars Orbiter Mission 33:Mars Orbiter Mission 14328:C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy) 14323:C/2014 Q3 (Borisov) 14287:C/2014 E2 (Jacques) 14282:C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy) 13611:C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy) 12990:Space observatories 11157:Active space probes 9187:Bellatrix Aerospace 9042:Research facilities 8650:Space observatories 7278:Spacecraft missions 7243:(25 September 2015) 7194:. 18 September 2018 7168:. 11 September 2018 7057:. 10 September 2019 6919:. Planetary Society 6904:on 19 October 2016. 6897:National Geographic 6890:National Geographic 6704:on 29 December 2021 6507:2016GeoRL..43.1862B 6209:2016Icar..265...84M 6162:2016Icar..265...84M 6118:2022MNRAS.511.1750J 5831:2017GeoRL..44.2088B 5514:NASASpaceFlight.com 5488:on 23 February 2019 5456:. 22 September 2014 5293:(31 October 2013). 4943:. Zee Media Bureau. 4900:on 8 November 2013. 4658:on 26 November 2021 4549:on 28 December 2014 4370:Lele, Ajey (2014). 4134:on 17 October 2013. 4023:The Daily Telegraph 3645:on 3 December 2013. 3531:The Washington Post 3451:. 25 September 2014 3443:"India's Mars Shot" 3144:on 25 November 2016 3055:The Washington Post 2982:on 25 December 2016 2877:Department of Space 2803:National Geographic 2784:Space Pioneer Award 2476:Syrtis Major Planum 2460:Syrtis Major Planum 2428:short wave infrared 2364:Syrtis Major Planum 1979:Satellite Ephemeris 1969:Planetary Ephemeris 1948:monomethylhydrazine 1582:Burn time: 707 sec 1550:Burn time: 416 sec 1496: 1177: 1108:Lithium-ion battery 1076:: The spacecraft's 1008:Exploration of Mars 638:(IDSN) antennae at 34: 14409:mission ends; Dec) 13591:C/2012 F6 (Lemmon) 13565:Nova Centauri 2013 13455:MOA-2011-BLG-262Lb 13056:Chelyabinsk meteor 12598:, POPACS 1, 2, 3, 11931:Hakuto-R Mission 1 11477:Interstellar space 11174:Parker Solar Probe 10058:Student satellites 9219:Statio Shiv Shakti 9208:National Space Day 9027:under development 8822:ISRO Space Station 8458:Antrix Corporation 8306:Mars Scout Program 8145:Mars 4NM & 5NM 8069:Mars Micro Orbiter 8059:Mars Geyser Hopper 7461: 7453: 7445: 7081:The Indian Express 7055:The Indian Express 7001:The Times of India 6976:on 24 October 2016 6763:on 2 February 2015 6417:The Indian Express 6342:The Times of India 6257:The Times of India 5773:The Times of India 5748:. Zee Media Bureau 5641:The Economic Times 5611:The Indian Express 5566:The Times of India 5377:The Times of India 5352:on 19 January 2014 5230:The Economic Times 5147:. 11 December 2013 5040:The Times of India 5016:on 2 December 2013 4991:The Times of India 4965:The Times of India 4859:The Times of India 4837:The Economic Times 4816:The Times of India 4765:. 18 December 2013 4604:The Indian Express 4580:on 17 January 2013 4479:on 6 February 2019 4300:. 24 August 2023. 4298:The Economic Times 4054:The Times of India 3977:on 12 August 2012. 3756:The Times of India 3666:on 17 October 2013 3589:The New York Times 3448:The New York Times 3421:The New York Times 3393:The New York Times 3116:The Times of India 3085:on 23 January 2021 2943:on 11 October 2014 2834:In popular culture 2776: 2696: 2541: 2424: 2193:24 September 2014 2182:23 September 2014 2155: 2126:heliocentric orbit 2052: 1909: 1773:24 September 2014 1749:22 September 2014 1724:Burn time: 16 sec 1494: 1247:coronal profiles. 1175: 1170: 1064: 966:Martian atmosphere 948:Mission objectives 798:Mylswamy Annadurai 732:Deep Space Network 621:The mission was a 407:Mars Colour Camera 362:Periareon altitude 356:Orbital parameters 252:2013-11-05UTC09:08 32: 14576:Geography of Mars 14551:ISRO space probes 14456: 14455: 14342:Space exploration 14183:Rings of Chariklo 13703: 13702: 13625:Space exploration 13021: 13020: 12871: 12870: 12676:, Trailblazer-1, 12536:Yaogan 17 A, B, C 12515:GSAT-7 / INSAT-4F 12026: 12025: 11994: 11993: 11501: 11500: 11306:2001 Mars Odyssey 11114: 11113: 10397: 10396: 10322: 10321: 10218:Moon Impact Probe 10107: 10106: 9649:Earth observation 9294:Indian spacecraft 9260: 9259: 9162:Skyroot Aerospace 9150:Private companies 9002: 9001: 8949: 8948: 8782:Human spaceflight 8696:Moon Impact Probe 8385: 8384: 8374: 8373: 8345:The Case for Mars 8255:Atmospheric entry 8219: 8218: 8150:Mars 5M (Mars-79) 8107: 8106: 8084:Next Mars Orbiter 7992:Rosalind Franklin 7928: 7927: 7848: 7847: 7703:Mars Polar Lander 7435: 7434: 7329:2001 Mars Odyssey 6847:. 8 November 2016 6567:. 24 January 2017 6317:. 21 October 2014 5617:on 17 August 2014 5541:Lakdawalla, Emily 5321:www.planetary.org 5291:Lakdawalla, Emily 5063:Lakdawalla, Emily 4684:. 8 December 2016 4385:978-81-322-1520-2 4192:. 5 November 2013 4173:. 14 August 2019. 4108:. 25 October 2020 3815:on 3 October 2022 3725:. 1 December 2013 3616:. 22 October 2013 3208:(Press release). 2851:Mission Over Mars 2810:Follow-up mission 2717:Martian exosphere 2634:exponential curve 2611:Stereo images of 2497:nitrogen molecule 2472:Acidalia Planitia 2238: 2237: 2036: 2035: 1990:GGM02C (100x100) 1788: 1787: 1755:Burn time: 4 sec 1476:high-gain antenna 1377: 1376: 1054:Spacecraft design 936:. Prime Minister 816:A. S. Kiran Kumar 608:orbital manœuvres 477: 476: 443: 442: 372:Apoareon altitude 330:Orbital insertion 140: 134: 14593: 14556:Missions to Mars 14533: 14532: 14531: 14521: 14520: 14519: 14509: 14508: 14507: 14497: 14496: 14495: 14485: 14484: 14473: 14472: 14471: 14464: 14436: 14435: 14426: 14425: 14424: 14365:(orbits/landing 14297: 14275: 14228: 14221: 14214: 14211: 14209: 14208: 14204:(532037) 2013 FY 14199: 14196: 14194: 14193: 14045: 14043: 14042: 14033: 14031: 14030: 14016: 14014: 14013: 14004: 14002: 14001: 13992: 13990: 13989: 13980: 13978: 13977: 13968: 13961: 13959: 13958: 13949: 13947: 13946: 13937: 13935: 13934: 13930:(529366) 2009 WM 13925: 13918: 13916:(410777) 2009 FD 13911: 13909: 13908: 13899: 13897: 13896: 13892:(388188) 2006 DP 13887: 13885: 13884: 13880:(163132) 2002 CU 13875: 13873: 13872: 13823: 13817: 13811: 13784:(mission to the 13775: 13758: 13751: 13730: 13723: 13716: 13707: 13706: 13683: 13682: 13673: 13672: 13671: 13579: 13468: 13269: 13254: 13252: 13251: 13242: 13240: 13239: 13225: 13223: 13222: 13213: 13211: 13210: 13201: 13199: 13198: 13194:(511002) 2013 MZ 13189: 13187: 13186: 13182:(471240) 2011 BT 13177: 13175: 13174: 13165: 13163: 13162: 13158:(277475) 2005 WK 13153: 13151: 13150: 13146:(163364) 2002 OD 13141: 13139: 13138: 13134:(285263) 1998 QE 13129: 13127: 13126: 13117: 13095: 13093: 13092: 13041: 13035: 13029: 12943: 12942: 12939: 12898: 12891: 12884: 12875: 12874: 12783: 12656:Globus-1M No.13L 12072: 12071: 12070: 12053: 12046: 12039: 12030: 12029: 11514: 11513: 11164: 11163: 11141: 11134: 11127: 11118: 11117: 11091: 11075: 11063: 11055: 11043: 11035: 11023: 11011: 10999: 10987: 10964: 10952: 10940: 10928: 10916: 10904: 10892: 10884: 10872: 10860: 10848: 10840: 10832: 10820: 10808: 10800: 10788: 10776: 10764: 10756: 10748: 10736: 10724: 10712: 10704: 10692: 10680: 10668: 10660: 10652: 10644: 10636: 10628: 10620: 10601: 10593: 10585: 10577: 10569: 10561: 10553: 10545: 10533: 10521: 10509: 10492: 10481: 10473: 10465: 10457: 10449: 10424: 10417: 10410: 10401: 10400: 10125: 10124: 10115: 9328: 9327: 9287: 9280: 9273: 9264: 9263: 8958: 8957: 8838: 8837: 8515: 8424: 8423: 8412: 8405: 8398: 8389: 8388: 8351:Inspiration Mars 8338:The Mars Project 8230: 8229: 8113: 8112: 7937: 7936: 7854: 7853: 7471: 7470: 7316: 7315: 7271: 7264: 7257: 7248: 7247: 7204: 7203: 7201: 7199: 7184: 7178: 7177: 7175: 7173: 7158: 7152: 7151: 7149: 7147: 7124: 7118: 7117: 7115: 7113: 7099: 7093: 7092: 7090: 7088: 7073: 7067: 7066: 7064: 7062: 7047: 7041: 7040: 7038: 7036: 7019: 7013: 7012: 7010: 7008: 6992: 6986: 6985: 6983: 6981: 6972:. Archived from 6961: 6955: 6954: 6953:on 27 July 2018. 6952: 6945: 6935: 6929: 6928: 6926: 6924: 6912: 6906: 6905: 6884: 6878: 6877: 6863: 6857: 6856: 6854: 6852: 6835: 6829: 6828: 6826: 6824: 6805: 6799: 6798: 6796: 6794: 6779: 6773: 6772: 6770: 6768: 6752: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6741: 6724: 6718: 6717: 6711: 6709: 6700:. Archived from 6690: 6684: 6683: 6681: 6679: 6660: 6654: 6653: 6651: 6649: 6635: 6629: 6628: 6626: 6624: 6609: 6603: 6602: 6600: 6598: 6583: 6577: 6576: 6574: 6572: 6557: 6551: 6550: 6548: 6546: 6541:on 3 August 2020 6537:. Archived from 6527: 6521: 6520: 6518: 6501:(5): 1862–1867. 6484: 6478: 6477: 6475: 6473: 6461: 6455: 6454: 6452: 6450: 6435: 6429: 6428: 6426: 6424: 6409: 6403: 6402: 6400: 6398: 6383: 6377: 6376: 6374: 6372: 6360: 6354: 6353: 6351: 6349: 6333: 6327: 6326: 6324: 6322: 6305: 6299: 6298: 6290: 6284: 6283: 6275: 6269: 6268: 6266: 6264: 6249: 6243: 6242: 6236: 6228: 6188: 6182: 6181: 6141: 6132: 6131: 6129: 6097: 6091: 6090: 6084: 6076: 6074: 6072: 6066:academic.oup.com 6057: 6048: 6047: 6045: 6043: 6029: 6023: 6022: 6020: 6018: 6004: 5995: 5994: 5982: 5973: 5972: 5970: 5968: 5962:www.mars.asu.edu 5954: 5948: 5947: 5945: 5943: 5929: 5923: 5922: 5910: 5901: 5900: 5898: 5896: 5882: 5876: 5875: 5873: 5871: 5857: 5851: 5850: 5825:(5): 2088–2095. 5809: 5803: 5802: 5800: 5798: 5793:on 13 April 2016 5783: 5777: 5776: 5764: 5758: 5757: 5755: 5753: 5737: 5731: 5730: 5718: 5712: 5711: 5709: 5702: 5693: 5684: 5683: 5681: 5679: 5670:. Archived from 5659: 5653: 5652: 5650: 5648: 5633: 5627: 5626: 5624: 5622: 5603: 5597: 5596: 5584: 5578: 5577: 5575: 5573: 5558: 5549: 5548: 5537: 5531: 5530: 5528: 5526: 5504: 5498: 5497: 5495: 5493: 5487: 5481:. Archived from 5480: 5472: 5466: 5465: 5463: 5461: 5446: 5440: 5439: 5437: 5435: 5412: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5401: 5387: 5381: 5380: 5368: 5362: 5361: 5359: 5357: 5338: 5332: 5331: 5329: 5327: 5313: 5307: 5306: 5304: 5302: 5287: 5278: 5277: 5266: 5257: 5256: 5251:. Archived from 5240: 5234: 5233: 5222: 5216: 5215: 5203: 5197: 5196: 5185: 5179: 5178: 5168: 5157: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5137: 5122: 5121: 5109: 5100: 5099: 5088: 5079: 5078: 5076: 5074: 5059: 5044: 5043: 5032: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5021: 5012:. Archived from 5001: 4995: 4994: 4982: 4969: 4968: 4956: 4945: 4944: 4932: 4923: 4922: 4911: 4902: 4901: 4890: 4863: 4862: 4850: 4841: 4840: 4829: 4820: 4819: 4807: 4801: 4800: 4798: 4796: 4781: 4775: 4774: 4772: 4770: 4755: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4741: 4726: 4720: 4719: 4717: 4715: 4700: 4694: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4674: 4668: 4667: 4665: 4663: 4648: 4642: 4641: 4639: 4637: 4622: 4616: 4615: 4613: 4611: 4596: 4590: 4589: 4587: 4585: 4576:. Archived from 4565: 4559: 4558: 4556: 4554: 4539: 4530: 4529: 4513: 4507: 4506: 4495: 4489: 4488: 4486: 4484: 4478: 4472:. Archived from 4471: 4453: 4444: 4438: 4422: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4405:Deccan Chronicle 4396: 4390: 4389: 4367: 4346: 4345: 4343: 4341: 4326: 4317: 4316: 4314: 4312: 4290: 4284: 4283: 4281: 4279: 4264: 4258: 4257: 4255: 4253: 4236: 4230: 4229: 4227: 4225: 4208: 4202: 4201: 4199: 4197: 4180: 4174: 4169:Sushant Talwar, 4164: 4158: 4157: 4155: 4153: 4142: 4136: 4135: 4124: 4118: 4117: 4115: 4113: 4098: 4092: 4091: 4089: 4087: 4072: 4066: 4065: 4063: 4061: 4045: 4036: 4035: 4033: 4031: 4026:. 16 August 2012 4014: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3985: 3979: 3978: 3971:Deccan Chronicle 3963: 3957: 3956: 3954: 3952: 3937: 3928: 3927: 3925: 3923: 3908: 3902: 3901: 3888: 3882: 3881: 3879: 3877: 3860: 3854: 3853: 3851: 3849: 3835: 3829: 3828: 3822: 3820: 3811:. Archived from 3801: 3792: 3791: 3789: 3787: 3777: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3763: 3746: 3735: 3734: 3732: 3730: 3715: 3709: 3708: 3702: 3700: 3685: 3676: 3675: 3673: 3671: 3656: 3647: 3646: 3635: 3626: 3625: 3623: 3621: 3606: 3600: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3580: 3574: 3573: 3568: 3566: 3551: 3545: 3544: 3539: 3537: 3522: 3516: 3515: 3510: 3508: 3493: 3487: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3467: 3461: 3460: 3458: 3456: 3439: 3433: 3432: 3430: 3428: 3411: 3405: 3404: 3402: 3400: 3388:"BRICS in Space" 3383: 3377: 3376: 3374: 3372: 3355: 3349: 3348: 3346: 3344: 3329: 3320: 3319: 3303: 3297: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3281: 3275: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3258: 3252: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3227: 3218: 3217: 3202: 3183: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3160: 3154: 3153: 3151: 3149: 3134: 3128: 3127: 3125: 3123: 3108: 3095: 3094: 3092: 3090: 3081:. Archived from 3075: 3066: 3065: 3063: 3061: 3046: 3037: 3036: 3034: 3025:(6): 1061–1069. 3016: 3007: 2992: 2991: 2989: 2987: 2972: 2953: 2952: 2950: 2948: 2929: 2888: 2794: 2773: 2613:Valles Marineris 2544:Radio occulation 2525:partial pressure 2468:Valles Marineris 2456:Elysium Planitia 2426:Global apparent 2359: 2343: 2332:Valles Marineris 2327: 2318: 2309: 2298:Valles Marineris 2293: 2277: 2268: 2259: 2216:Attitude control 2207:Eclipse started 2168: 2167: 2011:Earth Atmosphere 1966: 1965: 1936:K. Radhakrishnan 1917:cryogenic engine 1892: 1887: 1878: 1873: 1864: 1859: 1850: 1848: 1833: 1818: 1803: 1598:Incomplete burn 1497: 1493: 1472:low-gain antenna 1361: 1327: 1308: 1299: 1264: 1212: 1178: 1174: 1133:attitude control 1131:) thrusters for 926:K. Radhakrishnan 923: 915: 900: 891: 880: 871: 862: 835:S. K. Shivakumar 810:P. Kunhikrishnan 786:Nandini Harinath 756:K. Radhakrishnan 702: 700: 695: 693: 688: 686: 664:G. Madhavan Nair 572:First Launch Pad 547:nation to reach 510: 504: 452: 399: 394: 393: 351: 347: 255: 253: 240:Start of mission 138: 132: 129:Mission duration 110: 101: 100: 94: 42: 35: 31: 14601: 14600: 14596: 14595: 14594: 14592: 14591: 14590: 14541: 14540: 14539: 14529: 14527: 14517: 14515: 14505: 14503: 14493: 14491: 14479: 14469: 14467: 14459: 14457: 14452: 14422: 14420: 14412: 14379:insertion; Sep) 14337: 14296: 14292: 14265: 14242: 14227: 14223: 14219:486958 Arrokoth 14217: 14212: 14206: 14205: 14202: 14197: 14191: 14190: 14187: 14178:SMSS J0313−6708 14166: 14068:Beta Pictoris b 14048: 14040: 14039: 14036: 14028: 14027: 14024: 14011: 14010: 14007: 13999: 13998: 13995: 13987: 13986: 13983: 13975: 13974: 13971: 13964: 13956: 13955: 13952: 13944: 13943: 13940: 13932: 13931: 13928: 13921: 13914: 13906: 13905: 13902: 13894: 13893: 13890: 13882: 13881: 13878: 13870: 13869: 13866: 13847: 13824: 13818: 13812: 13803: 13763: 13760: 13754: 13752: 13747: 13737: 13734: 13704: 13699: 13669: 13667: 13659: 13639:Cassini–Huygens 13620: 13569: 13531: 13476: 13462: 13257: 13249: 13248: 13245: 13237: 13236: 13233: 13220: 13219: 13216: 13208: 13207: 13204: 13196: 13195: 13192: 13184: 13183: 13180: 13172: 13171: 13168: 13160: 13159: 13156: 13148: 13147: 13144: 13136: 13135: 13132: 13124: 13123: 13122:(52760) 1998 ML 13120: 13113: 13090: 13089: 13086: 13067: 13042: 13036: 13030: 13017: 12984: 12927: 12924: 12918: 12905: 12902: 12872: 12867: 12862: 12855: 12779: 12745: 12633: 12609: 12524: 12468: 12410: 12364:Albert Einstein 12347: 12300: 12227: 12194: 12122: 12079: 12078: 12068: 12066: 12065: 12063: 12057: 12027: 12022: 11990: 11880: 11800:LISA Pathfinder 11646: 11509: 11497: 11472: 11419: 11354: 11271: 11183: 11159: 11151: 11145: 11115: 11110: 11094: 11081: 11069: 11061: 11049: 11041: 11029: 11017: 11005: 10993: 10981: 10967: 10958: 10946: 10934: 10922: 10910: 10898: 10890: 10878: 10866: 10854: 10846: 10838: 10826: 10814: 10806: 10794: 10782: 10770: 10762: 10754: 10742: 10730: 10718: 10710: 10698: 10686: 10674: 10666: 10658: 10650: 10642: 10634: 10626: 10618: 10604: 10599: 10591: 10583: 10575: 10567: 10559: 10551: 10539: 10527: 10515: 10507: 10493: 10484: 10479: 10471: 10463: 10455: 10447: 10433: 10428: 10398: 10393: 10378: 10328: 10318: 10278: 10205:Lunar programme 10199: 10161: 10116: 10103: 10053: 9990: 9954: 9812:Megha-Tropiques 9644: 9319: 9296: 9291: 9261: 9256: 9228: 9215:(supercomputer) 9196: 9145: 9129: 9093: 9037: 8998: 8982: 8945: 8924: 8903: 8833:Launch vehicles 8827: 8777: 8683: 8677: 8645: 8621:Megha-Tropiques 8589: 8516: 8507: 8441: 8428: 8418: 8416: 8386: 8381: 8370: 8325: 8294: 8215: 8117: 8103: 8049:Mars Base Alpha 8039:Icebreaker Life 8017: 7924: 7906:Mars 3MS No.170 7858: 7844: 7811: 7746: 7697:Mars Pathfinder 7648: 7539: 7498:Mariner 6 and 7 7462: 7454: 7446: 7431: 7380: 7307: 7284: 7275: 7236:Wayback Machine 7224:Wayback Machine 7213: 7208: 7207: 7197: 7195: 7186: 7185: 7181: 7171: 7169: 7166:Hindustan Times 7160: 7159: 7155: 7145: 7143: 7125: 7121: 7111: 7109: 7101: 7100: 7096: 7086: 7084: 7075: 7074: 7070: 7060: 7058: 7049: 7048: 7044: 7034: 7032: 7020: 7016: 7006: 7004: 6993: 6989: 6979: 6977: 6962: 6958: 6950: 6943: 6937: 6936: 6932: 6922: 6920: 6913: 6909: 6886: 6885: 6881: 6864: 6860: 6850: 6848: 6837: 6836: 6832: 6822: 6820: 6807: 6806: 6802: 6792: 6790: 6781: 6780: 6776: 6766: 6764: 6753: 6749: 6739: 6737: 6725: 6721: 6707: 6705: 6698:www.isro.gov.in 6692: 6691: 6687: 6677: 6675: 6662: 6661: 6657: 6647: 6645: 6637: 6636: 6632: 6622: 6620: 6611: 6610: 6606: 6596: 6594: 6592:Hindustan Times 6584: 6580: 6570: 6568: 6559: 6558: 6554: 6544: 6542: 6535:www.isro.gov.in 6529: 6528: 6524: 6485: 6481: 6471: 6469: 6462: 6458: 6448: 6446: 6437: 6436: 6432: 6422: 6420: 6411: 6410: 6406: 6396: 6394: 6385: 6384: 6380: 6370: 6368: 6361: 6357: 6347: 6345: 6334: 6330: 6320: 6318: 6307: 6306: 6302: 6291: 6287: 6276: 6272: 6262: 6260: 6251: 6250: 6246: 6230: 6229: 6189: 6185: 6142: 6135: 6098: 6094: 6078: 6077: 6070: 6068: 6058: 6051: 6041: 6039: 6031: 6030: 6026: 6016: 6014: 6012:www.isro.gov.in 6006: 6005: 5998: 5983: 5976: 5966: 5964: 5956: 5955: 5951: 5941: 5939: 5937:www.isro.gov.in 5931: 5930: 5926: 5919:Current Science 5911: 5904: 5894: 5892: 5890:www.isro.gov.in 5884: 5883: 5879: 5869: 5867: 5859: 5858: 5854: 5810: 5806: 5796: 5794: 5785: 5784: 5780: 5765: 5761: 5751: 5749: 5738: 5734: 5719: 5715: 5707: 5700: 5694: 5687: 5677: 5675: 5668:Hindustan Times 5660: 5656: 5646: 5644: 5635: 5634: 5630: 5620: 5618: 5605: 5604: 5600: 5593:Spaceflight Now 5585: 5581: 5571: 5569: 5560: 5559: 5552: 5538: 5534: 5524: 5522: 5505: 5501: 5491: 5489: 5485: 5478: 5474: 5473: 5469: 5459: 5457: 5448: 5447: 5443: 5433: 5431: 5413: 5409: 5399: 5397: 5395:www.ursc.gov.in 5389: 5388: 5384: 5369: 5365: 5355: 5353: 5340: 5339: 5335: 5325: 5323: 5315: 5314: 5310: 5300: 5298: 5288: 5281: 5268: 5267: 5260: 5249:Hindustan Times 5241: 5237: 5224: 5223: 5219: 5204: 5200: 5195:on 6 June 2014. 5187: 5186: 5182: 5170: 5169: 5160: 5150: 5148: 5139: 5138: 5125: 5110: 5103: 5090: 5089: 5082: 5072: 5070: 5060: 5047: 5034: 5033: 5029: 5019: 5017: 5010:Hindustan Times 5002: 4998: 4983: 4972: 4957: 4948: 4933: 4926: 4913: 4912: 4905: 4892: 4891: 4866: 4851: 4844: 4831: 4830: 4823: 4808: 4804: 4794: 4792: 4782: 4778: 4768: 4766: 4757: 4756: 4749: 4739: 4737: 4727: 4723: 4713: 4711: 4702: 4701: 4697: 4687: 4685: 4676: 4675: 4671: 4661: 4659: 4650: 4649: 4645: 4635: 4633: 4623: 4619: 4609: 4607: 4598: 4597: 4593: 4583: 4581: 4566: 4562: 4552: 4550: 4541: 4540: 4533: 4514: 4510: 4497: 4496: 4492: 4482: 4480: 4476: 4451: 4445: 4441: 4432:Wayback Machine 4423: 4419: 4409: 4407: 4397: 4393: 4386: 4368: 4349: 4339: 4337: 4327: 4320: 4310: 4308: 4292: 4291: 4287: 4277: 4275: 4265: 4261: 4251: 4249: 4237: 4233: 4223: 4221: 4209: 4205: 4195: 4193: 4182: 4181: 4177: 4165: 4161: 4151: 4149: 4144: 4143: 4139: 4126: 4125: 4121: 4111: 4109: 4100: 4099: 4095: 4085: 4083: 4073: 4069: 4059: 4057: 4046: 4039: 4029: 4027: 4016: 4015: 4008: 3998: 3996: 3994:Hindustan Times 3986: 3982: 3965: 3964: 3960: 3950: 3948: 3939: 3938: 3931: 3921: 3919: 3918:. 4 August 2012 3910: 3909: 3905: 3890: 3889: 3885: 3875: 3873: 3862: 3861: 3857: 3847: 3845: 3837: 3836: 3832: 3818: 3816: 3809:www.isro.gov.in 3803: 3802: 3795: 3785: 3783: 3779: 3778: 3771: 3761: 3759: 3747: 3738: 3728: 3726: 3717: 3716: 3712: 3698: 3696: 3686: 3679: 3669: 3667: 3658: 3657: 3650: 3637: 3636: 3629: 3619: 3617: 3608: 3607: 3603: 3593: 3591: 3581: 3577: 3564: 3562: 3552: 3548: 3535: 3533: 3523: 3519: 3506: 3504: 3494: 3490: 3480: 3478: 3468: 3464: 3454: 3452: 3441: 3440: 3436: 3426: 3424: 3412: 3408: 3398: 3396: 3384: 3380: 3370: 3368: 3357: 3356: 3352: 3342: 3340: 3330: 3323: 3304: 3300: 3290: 3288: 3283: 3282: 3278: 3269: 3267: 3260: 3259: 3255: 3245: 3243: 3228: 3221: 3204: 3203: 3186: 3176: 3174: 3162: 3161: 3157: 3147: 3145: 3136: 3135: 3131: 3121: 3119: 3110: 3109: 3098: 3088: 3086: 3077: 3076: 3069: 3059: 3057: 3047: 3040: 3019:Current Science 3014: 3008: 2995: 2985: 2983: 2974: 2973: 2956: 2946: 2944: 2937:Spaceflight 101 2931: 2930: 2926: 2921: 2886: 2873: 2836: 2812: 2792: 2771: 2761: 2651: 2609: 2594: 2591: 2587: 2584: 2580: 2577: 2573: 2570: 2533: 2501:carbon monoxide 2489: 2464:Daedalia Planum 2448:Tharsis plateau 2416: 2385:in the Martian 2379: 2374: 2367: 2366: 2360: 2351: 2350: 2344: 2335: 2334: 2328: 2319: 2310: 2301: 2300: 2294: 2285: 2284: 2278: 2269: 2260: 2251: 2246: 2147: 2140: 2134: 2118: 2112: 2075: 2041: 2021:Mars Atmosphere 2015: 2006:MRO95A (95x95) 1956:escape velocity 1901: 1896: 1895: 1894: 1893: 1885: 1884: 1871: 1870: 1857: 1856: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1841: 1840: 1834: 1826: 1825: 1819: 1811: 1810: 1804: 1795: 1794: 1492: 1490:Mission profile 1460: 1392: 1382: 1307: 1303: 1274:MSM Design Flaw 1238: 1165: 1158: 1130: 1125: 1056: 1047: 1020: 1001: 950: 921: 913: 910: 909: 908: 907: 903: 902: 901: 893: 892: 883: 882: 881: 873: 872: 864: 863: 852: 826:M. Y. S. Prasad 749: 698: 697: 691: 690: 684: 683: 660: 473: 472: 463: 453: 397: 349: 348: 339: 338: 251: 249: 141: 137: 135: 95: 90: 54: 45: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 14599: 14589: 14588: 14583: 14578: 14573: 14568: 14563: 14558: 14553: 14538: 14537: 14525: 14513: 14501: 14489: 14477: 14454: 14453: 14451: 14450: 14430: 14417: 14414: 14413: 14411: 14410: 14398: 14386: 14380: 14370: 14352: 14345: 14343: 14339: 14338: 14336: 14335: 14330: 14325: 14320: 14315: 14310: 14305: 14300: 14294: 14289: 14284: 14278: 14276: 14267: 14266: 14264: 14263: 14258: 14252: 14250: 14244: 14243: 14241: 14240: 14235: 14230: 14225: 14215: 14200: 14185: 14180: 14174: 14172: 14168: 14167: 14165: 14164: 14159: 14154: 14153: 14152: 14147: 14137: 14132: 14131: 14130: 14125: 14115: 14110: 14105: 14100: 14095: 14090: 14085: 14080: 14075: 14070: 14064: 14058: 14056: 14050: 14049: 14047: 14046: 14034: 14022: 14017: 14005: 13993: 13981: 13969: 13962: 13950: 13938: 13926: 13919: 13912: 13900: 13888: 13876: 13864: 13858: 13856: 13849: 13848: 13846: 13845: 13840: 13834: 13832: 13826: 13825: 13806: 13804: 13802: 13801: 13789: 13778: 13776: 13765: 13764: 13762: 13761: 13753: 13745: 13742: 13739: 13738: 13733: 13732: 13725: 13718: 13710: 13701: 13700: 13698: 13697: 13677: 13664: 13661: 13660: 13658: 13657: 13649: 13635: 13628: 13626: 13622: 13621: 13619: 13618: 13613: 13608: 13603: 13598: 13593: 13588: 13582: 13580: 13571: 13570: 13568: 13567: 13562: 13557: 13552: 13547: 13541: 13539: 13533: 13532: 13530: 13529: 13523: 13518: 13513: 13508: 13500: 13495: 13490: 13484: 13482: 13478: 13477: 13475: 13474: 13469: 13457: 13448: 13443: 13442: 13441: 13436: 13426: 13425: 13424: 13419: 13414: 13404: 13403: 13402: 13399: 13396: 13388: 13387: 13386: 13381: 13376: 13371: 13366: 13356: 13351: 13350: 13349: 13344: 13339: 13329: 13323: 13319:blue color of 13317: 13312: 13307: 13302: 13301: 13300: 13297: 13294: 13291: 13283: 13278: 13272: 13270: 13259: 13258: 13256: 13255: 13243: 13231: 13226: 13214: 13202: 13190: 13178: 13166: 13154: 13142: 13130: 13118: 13115:(7888) 1993 UC 13111: 13106: 13101: 13096: 13084: 13078: 13076: 13069: 13068: 13066: 13065: 13064: 13063: 13052: 13050: 13044: 13043: 13024: 13022: 13019: 13018: 13016: 13015: 13007: 13001: 12994: 12992: 12986: 12985: 12983: 12982: 12970: 12964: 12958: 12951: 12949: 12940: 12929: 12928: 12926: 12925: 12919: 12913: 12910: 12907: 12906: 12901: 12900: 12893: 12886: 12878: 12869: 12868: 12864:Crewed flights 12860: 12857: 12856: 12854: 12853: 12848:/ SKRL-756 1, 12839: 12834: 12805: 12803:Túpac Katari 1 12800: 12795: 12789: 12784: 12769: 12764: 12753: 12751: 12747: 12746: 12744: 12743: 12741:Progress M-21M 12738: 12733: 12727: 12716:NEE-02 Krysaor 12685: 12680: 12662: 12657: 12654: 12647: 12641: 12639: 12635: 12634: 12632: 12631: 12626: 12623: 12617: 12615: 12611: 12610: 12608: 12607: 12602: 12589: 12582: 12577: 12575:Fengyun III-03 12572: 12567: 12562: 12557: 12543: 12538: 12532: 12530: 12526: 12525: 12523: 12522: 12517: 12508: 12503: 12500: 12495: 12482:(TechEdSat-3, 12476: 12474: 12470: 12469: 12467: 12466: 12464:Progress M-20M 12461: 12455:Inmarsat-4A F4 12452: 12442: 12437: 12432: 12424: 12418: 12416: 12412: 12411: 12409: 12404: 12395: 12389: 12384: 12377: 12368: 12360: 12355: 12353: 12349: 12348: 12346: 12345: 12338: 12333: 12328: 12323: 12308: 12306: 12302: 12301: 12299: 12298: 12293: 12279: 12277:Progress M-19M 12274: 12253: 12239: 12235: 12233: 12229: 12228: 12226: 12225: 12218: 12213: 12208: 12202: 12200: 12196: 12195: 12193: 12192: 12163: 12158: 12156:Progress M-18M 12153: 12144: 12138: 12130: 12128: 12124: 12123: 12121: 12120: 12115: 12110: 12101: 12087: 12085: 12081: 12080: 12074: 12059: 12056: 12055: 12048: 12041: 12033: 12024: 12023: 12021: 12020: 12015: 12010: 12005: 11999: 11996: 11995: 11992: 11991: 11989: 11988: 11987: 11986: 11981: 11976: 11968: 11960: 11959: 11958: 11950: 11938: 11933: 11925: 11924: 11923: 11916: 11909: 11899: 11898: 11897: 11888: 11886: 11882: 11881: 11879: 11878: 11877: 11876: 11864: 11859: 11852: 11841: 11833: 11832: 11831: 11826: 11819: 11811: 11810: 11809: 11802: 11794: 11793: 11792: 11782: 11774: 11758: 11757: 11756: 11751: 11744: 11734: 11733: 11732: 11727: 11720: 11712: 11711: 11710: 11700: 11699: 11698: 11690: 11689: 11688: 11678: 11677: 11676: 11665: 11654: 11652: 11648: 11647: 11645: 11644: 11643: 11642: 11637: 11632: 11627: 11620: 11612: 11611: 11610: 11600: 11599: 11598: 11588: 11587: 11586: 11576: 11575: 11574: 11564: 11563: 11562: 11555: 11548: 11538: 11537: 11536: 11529: 11527:NEAR Shoemaker 11520: 11518: 11511: 11503: 11502: 11499: 11498: 11496: 11495: 11488: 11480: 11478: 11474: 11473: 11471: 11470: 11465: 11460: 11453: 11446: 11435: 11429: 11427: 11421: 11420: 11418: 11417: 11416: 11415: 11405: 11404: 11403: 11391: 11390: 11389: 11377: 11376: 11375: 11362: 11360: 11356: 11355: 11353: 11352: 11351: 11350: 11337: 11330: 11319: 11314: 11309: 11302: 11295: 11287: 11281: 11279: 11273: 11272: 11270: 11269: 11268: 11267: 11257: 11255:Tiandu 1 and 2 11252: 11247: 11242: 11237: 11232: 11227: 11214: 11209: 11204: 11199: 11193: 11191: 11185: 11184: 11182: 11181: 11176: 11170: 11168: 11161: 11153: 11152: 11144: 11143: 11136: 11129: 11121: 11112: 11111: 11109: 11108: 11105: 11099: 11096: 11095: 11093: 11092: 11076: 11064: 11056: 11044: 11036: 11024: 11022:, 14 Feb 2022) 11012: 11010:, 28 Feb 2021) 11000: 10998:, 17 Dec 2020) 10988: 10975: 10973: 10969: 10968: 10966: 10965: 10963:, 11 Dec 2019) 10953: 10951:, 27 Nov 2019) 10941: 10939:, 22 May 2019) 10929: 10917: 10915:, 24 Jan 2019) 10905: 10903:, 29 Nov 2018) 10893: 10885: 10883:, 11 Apr 2018) 10873: 10871:, 12 Jan 2018) 10861: 10849: 10841: 10833: 10829:Resourcesat-2A 10821: 10819:, 26 Sep 2016) 10809: 10801: 10799:, 28 Apr 2016) 10789: 10787:, 10 Mar 2016) 10777: 10775:, 20 Jan 2016) 10765: 10757: 10749: 10747:, 10 Jul 2015) 10737: 10735:, 28 Mar 2015) 10725: 10723:, 16 Oct 2014) 10713: 10705: 10693: 10681: 10669: 10661: 10653: 10645: 10637: 10629: 10621: 10612: 10610: 10606: 10605: 10603: 10602: 10594: 10586: 10578: 10570: 10562: 10554: 10546: 10534: 10532:, 17 Oct 2003) 10522: 10520:, 12 Sep 2002) 10510: 10501: 10499: 10495: 10494: 10487: 10485: 10483: 10482: 10474: 10466: 10458: 10450: 10441: 10439: 10435: 10434: 10427: 10426: 10419: 10412: 10404: 10395: 10394: 10392: 10391: 10383: 10380: 10379: 10377: 10376: 10371: 10370: 10369: 10357: 10356: 10355: 10350: 10343: 10332: 10330: 10324: 10323: 10320: 10319: 10317: 10316: 10304: 10292: 10286: 10284: 10283:Interplanetary 10280: 10279: 10277: 10276: 10271: 10266: 10261: 10256: 10255: 10254: 10249: 10239: 10238: 10237: 10232: 10222: 10221: 10220: 10209: 10207: 10201: 10200: 10198: 10197: 10185: 10180: 10175: 10169: 10167: 10163: 10162: 10160: 10159: 10158: 10157: 10152: 10147: 10142: 10131: 10129: 10122: 10118: 10117: 10110: 10108: 10105: 10104: 10102: 10101: 10096: 10091: 10090: 10089: 10077: 10072: 10067: 10061: 10059: 10055: 10054: 10052: 10051: 10046: 10045: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 9998: 9996: 9992: 9991: 9989: 9988: 9987: 9986: 9981: 9973: 9968: 9962: 9960: 9956: 9955: 9953: 9952: 9945: 9938: 9931: 9924: 9913: 9908: 9903: 9898: 9897: 9896: 9891: 9881: 9880: 9879: 9874: 9869: 9864: 9856: 9855: 9854: 9849: 9841: 9840: 9839: 9834: 9826: 9825: 9824: 9814: 9809: 9808: 9807: 9802: 9797: 9792: 9787: 9782: 9777: 9772: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9751: 9750: 9745: 9740: 9735: 9727: 9722: 9721: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9705: 9700: 9695: 9690: 9685: 9680: 9670: 9669: 9668: 9663: 9652: 9650: 9646: 9645: 9643: 9642: 9641: 9640: 9633: 9626: 9619: 9604: 9603: 9602: 9597: 9592: 9587: 9582: 9577: 9572: 9567: 9562: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9537: 9532: 9527: 9522: 9517: 9512: 9507: 9502: 9497: 9492: 9487: 9477: 9472: 9471: 9470: 9465: 9460: 9455: 9450: 9445: 9440: 9435: 9430: 9425: 9420: 9415: 9410: 9405: 9400: 9395: 9390: 9385: 9380: 9375: 9370: 9365: 9360: 9350: 9349: 9348: 9343: 9334: 9332: 9325: 9321: 9320: 9318: 9317: 9312: 9307: 9301: 9298: 9297: 9290: 9289: 9282: 9275: 9267: 9258: 9257: 9255: 9254: 9249: 9244: 9239: 9233: 9230: 9229: 9227: 9226: 9221: 9216: 9210: 9204: 9202: 9198: 9197: 9195: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9177:AgniKul Cosmos 9174: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9153: 9151: 9147: 9146: 9144: 9143: 9137: 9135: 9131: 9130: 9128: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9101: 9099: 9098:Communications 9095: 9094: 9092: 9091: 9086: 9081: 9076: 9071: 9066: 9061: 9056: 9051: 9045: 9043: 9039: 9038: 9036: 9035: 9034: 9033: 9024: 9023: 9018: 9012: 9010: 9004: 9003: 9000: 8999: 8997: 8996: 8990: 8988: 8987:In development 8984: 8983: 8981: 8980: 8975: 8970: 8964: 8962: 8955: 8951: 8950: 8947: 8946: 8944: 8943: 8938: 8932: 8930: 8926: 8925: 8923: 8922: 8917: 8911: 8909: 8908:In development 8905: 8904: 8902: 8901: 8900: 8899: 8894: 8885: 8884: 8883: 8882: 8877: 8872: 8871: 8870: 8860: 8859: 8858: 8844: 8842: 8835: 8829: 8828: 8826: 8825: 8819: 8818: 8817: 8805: 8804: 8803: 8796: 8785: 8783: 8779: 8778: 8776: 8775: 8769: 8763: 8758: 8752: 8746: 8745: 8744: 8736: 8723: 8722: 8721: 8713: 8700: 8699: 8698: 8687: 8685: 8679: 8678: 8676: 8675: 8669: 8664: 8659: 8653: 8651: 8647: 8646: 8644: 8643: 8638: 8633: 8628: 8623: 8618: 8613: 8608: 8603: 8597: 8595: 8591: 8590: 8588: 8587: 8582: 8577: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8561: 8560: 8550: 8545: 8540: 8535: 8530: 8524: 8522: 8518: 8517: 8510: 8508: 8506: 8505: 8500: 8495: 8490: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8465: 8460: 8455: 8449: 8447: 8443: 8442: 8440: 8439: 8433: 8430: 8429: 8415: 8414: 8407: 8400: 8392: 8383: 8382: 8379: 8376: 8375: 8372: 8371: 8369: 8368: 8363: 8358: 8356:Mars Institute 8353: 8348: 8341: 8333: 8331: 8327: 8326: 8324: 8323: 8318: 8313: 8308: 8302: 8300: 8296: 8295: 8293: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8272: 8267: 8262: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8242: 8236: 8234: 8227: 8221: 8220: 8217: 8216: 8214: 8213: 8208: 8201: 8196: 8189: 8186:Northern Light 8182: 8177: 8172: 8167: 8162: 8157: 8152: 8147: 8142: 8137: 8132: 8127: 8121: 8119: 8109: 8108: 8105: 8104: 8102: 8101: 8096: 8091: 8086: 8081: 8076: 8071: 8066: 8061: 8056: 8051: 8046: 8041: 8036: 8031: 8025: 8023: 8019: 8018: 8016: 8015: 8008: 8007: 8006: 7996: 7984: 7978: 7972: 7966: 7958: 7955:Europa Clipper 7952: 7943: 7941: 7934: 7930: 7929: 7926: 7925: 7923: 7922: 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7891:Mars 2M No.521 7888: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7868: 7862: 7860: 7850: 7849: 7846: 7845: 7843: 7842: 7841: 7840: 7835: 7821: 7819: 7813: 7812: 7810: 7809: 7802: 7801: 7800: 7799: 7798: 7786: 7785: 7784: 7767: 7760: 7754: 7752: 7748: 7747: 7745: 7744: 7736: 7729: 7721: 7714: 7709: 7700: 7693: 7686: 7679: 7674: 7669: 7664: 7658: 7656: 7650: 7649: 7647: 7646: 7639: 7632: 7625: 7618: 7611: 7610: 7609: 7604: 7597:Phobos program 7594: 7593: 7592: 7585: 7576:Viking program 7573: 7568: 7563: 7558: 7553: 7547: 7545: 7541: 7540: 7538: 7537: 7529: 7524: 7517: 7510: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7490: 7485: 7479: 7477: 7468: 7464: 7463: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7432: 7430: 7429: 7428: 7427: 7422: 7410: 7409: 7408: 7403: 7390: 7388: 7382: 7381: 7379: 7378: 7370: 7363: 7358: 7353: 7352: 7351: 7339: 7332: 7324: 7322: 7313: 7309: 7308: 7306: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7289: 7286: 7285: 7274: 7273: 7266: 7259: 7251: 7245: 7244: 7238: 7226: 7212: 7211:External links 7209: 7206: 7205: 7179: 7153: 7119: 7094: 7083:. 11 June 2019 7068: 7042: 7014: 6987: 6956: 6930: 6915:Mehta, Jatan. 6907: 6879: 6858: 6830: 6819:on 9 June 2015 6800: 6774: 6747: 6719: 6685: 6674:on 5 July 2020 6655: 6630: 6604: 6578: 6552: 6522: 6479: 6456: 6430: 6404: 6378: 6355: 6328: 6300: 6285: 6270: 6244: 6183: 6133: 6092: 6049: 6024: 5996: 5987:"Researchgate" 5974: 5949: 5924: 5902: 5877: 5852: 5804: 5778: 5759: 5732: 5713: 5685: 5654: 5628: 5598: 5579: 5550: 5532: 5499: 5467: 5441: 5407: 5382: 5363: 5333: 5308: 5279: 5258: 5235: 5217: 5198: 5180: 5158: 5123: 5101: 5080: 5045: 5027: 4996: 4970: 4946: 4924: 4919:Indian Express 4903: 4864: 4842: 4821: 4802: 4776: 4747: 4721: 4695: 4669: 4643: 4617: 4591: 4560: 4531: 4508: 4490: 4439: 4417: 4391: 4384: 4347: 4318: 4285: 4259: 4231: 4203: 4175: 4159: 4137: 4119: 4093: 4067: 4037: 4006: 3980: 3958: 3929: 3903: 3883: 3855: 3830: 3793: 3769: 3736: 3710: 3677: 3648: 3627: 3601: 3575: 3546: 3517: 3488: 3462: 3434: 3406: 3378: 3350: 3321: 3298: 3276: 3266:, 10 July 2023 3253: 3242:on 30 May 2022 3219: 3184: 3155: 3129: 3096: 3067: 3038: 2993: 2954: 2923: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2916: 2915: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2894: 2889: 2880: 2872: 2869: 2868: 2867: 2861: 2855: 2846: 2842:Mission Mangal 2835: 2832: 2811: 2808: 2760: 2757: 2650: 2647: 2608: 2605: 2597:spectral index 2592: 2589: 2585: 2582: 2578: 2575: 2571: 2568: 2553:coronal region 2532: 2529: 2493:carbon dioxide 2488: 2485: 2436:solar radiance 2415: 2412: 2408:carbon dioxide 2395:number density 2378: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2369: 2368: 2362: 2361: 2354: 2352: 2346: 2345: 2338: 2336: 2330: 2329: 2322: 2320: 2313: 2311: 2304: 2302: 2296: 2295: 2288: 2286: 2280: 2279: 2272: 2270: 2263: 2261: 2254: 2250: 2247: 2245: 2242: 2236: 2235: 2232: 2228: 2227: 2224: 2220: 2219: 2213: 2209: 2208: 2205: 2201: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2190: 2189: 2186: 2183: 2179: 2178: 2175: 2172: 2146: 2143: 2138: 2133: 2130: 2111: 2108: 2073: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2033: 2030: 2026: 2025: 2024:MarsGram 2005 2022: 2018: 2017: 2014:ISRO: DTM 2012 2012: 2008: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1999: 1996: 1992: 1991: 1988: 1984: 1983: 1980: 1976: 1975: 1970: 1900: 1897: 1844: 1843: 1835: 1828: 1827: 1820: 1813: 1812: 1805: 1798: 1797: 1796: 1792: 1791: 1790: 1789: 1786: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1762: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1746: 1745: 1743: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1731: 1730: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1715: 1714: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1703: 1699: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1683: 1682: 1680: 1670: 1667: 1658: 1657: 1655: 1649: 1646: 1641: 1637: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1621: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1605: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1596: 1593: 1589: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1573: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1557: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1541: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1526: 1517: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1491: 1488: 1459: 1458:Communications 1456: 1452:Hartebeesthoek 1381: 1378: 1375: 1374: 1362: 1355: 1352: 1346: 1345: 1341: 1340: 1328: 1321: 1318: 1312: 1311: 1305: 1300: 1293: 1290: 1284: 1283: 1279: 1278: 1265: 1258: 1255: 1249: 1248: 1236: 1213: 1206: 1203: 1197: 1196: 1192: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1157: 1154: 1153: 1152: 1146: 1136: 1128: 1123: 1111: 1093: 1080:is a modified 1071: 1055: 1052: 1046: 1043: 1030: 1029: 1022: 1018: 1011: 1000: 997: 996: 995: 992: 989: 986: 983: 976: 949: 946: 922:US$ 73 million 905: 904: 895: 894: 886: 885: 884: 875: 874: 866: 865: 857: 856: 855: 854: 853: 851: 848: 847: 846: 832: 829: 823: 813: 807: 804: 801: 795: 789: 783: 777: 774: 771: 768: 765:Subbiah Arunan 762: 759: 748: 745: 676:Manmohan Singh 659: 656: 584:Andhra Pradesh 475: 474: 465: 464: 455: 445: 444: 441: 440: 437: 433: 432: 429: 425: 424: 421: 417: 416: 413: 409: 408: 405: 401: 400: 390: 389: 386: 385: 382: 378: 377: 374: 368: 367: 364: 358: 357: 353: 352: 331: 327: 326: 319: 318: 315: 314: 311: 310: 307: 303: 302: 301:End of mission 298: 297: 294: 293: 290: 289: 286: 282: 281: 276: 272: 271: 265: 261: 260: 246: 242: 241: 237: 236: 233: 232: 229: 228: 227:840 watts 225: 221: 220: 217: 213: 212: 209: 205: 204: 201: 197: 196: 193: 187: 186: 183: 179: 178: 173: 169: 168: 163: 157: 156: 152: 151: 148: 147: 144: 143: 130: 126: 125: 120: 116: 115: 112: 103: 102: 88: 82: 81: 76: 72: 71: 65: 61: 60: 57: 56: 51: 47: 46: 43: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14598: 14587: 14584: 14582: 14579: 14577: 14574: 14572: 14569: 14567: 14564: 14562: 14559: 14557: 14554: 14552: 14549: 14548: 14546: 14536: 14526: 14524: 14514: 14512: 14502: 14500: 14490: 14488: 14483: 14478: 14476: 14466: 14465: 14462: 14449: 14445: 14444: 14439: 14431: 14429: 14419: 14418: 14415: 14408: 14404: 14403: 14402:Venus Express 14399: 14396: 14392: 14391: 14387: 14384: 14381: 14378: 14374: 14371: 14368: 14364: 14363: 14358: 14357: 14353: 14350: 14347: 14346: 14344: 14340: 14334: 14331: 14329: 14326: 14324: 14321: 14319: 14316: 14314: 14311: 14309: 14306: 14304: 14301: 14299: 14290: 14288: 14285: 14283: 14280: 14279: 14277: 14274: 14268: 14262: 14259: 14257: 14254: 14253: 14251: 14249: 14245: 14239: 14236: 14234: 14233:ULAS J0015+01 14231: 14220: 14216: 14210: 14201: 14195: 14186: 14184: 14181: 14179: 14176: 14175: 14173: 14169: 14163: 14160: 14158: 14155: 14151: 14148: 14146: 14143: 14142: 14141: 14138: 14136: 14133: 14129: 14126: 14124: 14121: 14120: 14119: 14116: 14114: 14111: 14109: 14106: 14104: 14101: 14099: 14096: 14094: 14091: 14089: 14086: 14084: 14081: 14079: 14076: 14074: 14071: 14069: 14065: 14063: 14060: 14059: 14057: 14055: 14051: 14044: 14035: 14032: 14023: 14021: 14018: 14015: 14006: 14003: 13994: 13991: 13982: 13979: 13970: 13967: 13963: 13960: 13951: 13948: 13939: 13936: 13927: 13924: 13920: 13917: 13913: 13910: 13901: 13898: 13889: 13886: 13877: 13874: 13865: 13863: 13860: 13859: 13857: 13855: 13850: 13844: 13841: 13839: 13836: 13835: 13833: 13831: 13830:Impact events 13827: 13822: 13816: 13810: 13799: 13795: 13794: 13790: 13787: 13783: 13780: 13779: 13777: 13774: 13770: 13766: 13757: 13750: 13744: 13743: 13740: 13736:2014 in space 13731: 13726: 13724: 13719: 13717: 13712: 13711: 13708: 13696: 13692: 13691: 13686: 13678: 13676: 13666: 13665: 13662: 13655: 13654: 13650: 13647: 13646: 13641: 13640: 13636: 13633: 13630: 13629: 13627: 13623: 13617: 13614: 13612: 13609: 13607: 13604: 13602: 13599: 13597: 13594: 13592: 13589: 13587: 13584: 13583: 13581: 13578: 13572: 13566: 13563: 13561: 13558: 13556: 13555:V339 Delphini 13553: 13551: 13548: 13546: 13543: 13542: 13540: 13538: 13534: 13528: 13524: 13522: 13519: 13517: 13514: 13512: 13509: 13507: 13504: 13501: 13499: 13496: 13494: 13491: 13489: 13486: 13485: 13483: 13479: 13473: 13470: 13466: 13461: 13460:PSO J318.5−22 13458: 13456: 13452: 13449: 13447: 13444: 13440: 13437: 13435: 13432: 13431: 13430: 13427: 13423: 13420: 13418: 13415: 13413: 13410: 13409: 13408: 13405: 13400: 13397: 13394: 13393: 13392: 13389: 13385: 13382: 13380: 13377: 13375: 13372: 13370: 13367: 13365: 13362: 13361: 13360: 13357: 13355: 13352: 13348: 13345: 13343: 13340: 13338: 13335: 13334: 13333: 13330: 13328: 13325:cloud map of 13324: 13322: 13318: 13316: 13313: 13311: 13308: 13306: 13303: 13298: 13295: 13292: 13289: 13288: 13287: 13284: 13282: 13279: 13277: 13274: 13273: 13271: 13268: 13264: 13260: 13253: 13244: 13241: 13232: 13230: 13227: 13224: 13215: 13212: 13203: 13200: 13191: 13188: 13179: 13176: 13167: 13164: 13155: 13152: 13143: 13140: 13131: 13128: 13119: 13116: 13112: 13110: 13107: 13105: 13102: 13100: 13099:367943 Duende 13097: 13094: 13085: 13083: 13080: 13079: 13077: 13075: 13070: 13062: 13059: 13058: 13057: 13054: 13053: 13051: 13049: 13048:Impact events 13045: 13040: 13034: 13028: 13013: 13012: 13008: 13005: 13002: 12999: 12996: 12995: 12993: 12991: 12987: 12980: 12979: 12974: 12971: 12968: 12965: 12962: 12959: 12956: 12953: 12952: 12950: 12948: 12944: 12941: 12938: 12934: 12930: 12922: 12917: 12912: 12911: 12908: 12904:2013 in space 12899: 12894: 12892: 12887: 12885: 12880: 12879: 12876: 12865: 12858: 12851: 12847: 12843: 12840: 12838: 12835: 12833: 12829: 12825: 12821: 12817: 12813: 12809: 12806: 12804: 12801: 12799: 12796: 12793: 12790: 12788: 12787:Inmarsat-5 F1 12785: 12782: 12777: 12773: 12770: 12768: 12765: 12762: 12758: 12755: 12754: 12752: 12748: 12742: 12739: 12737: 12734: 12731: 12728: 12725: 12721: 12717: 12713: 12709: 12705: 12701: 12697: 12693: 12689: 12686: 12684: 12681: 12679: 12675: 12671: 12667: 12663: 12661: 12658: 12655: 12653: 12652: 12651:Soyuz TMA-11M 12648: 12646: 12643: 12642: 12640: 12636: 12630: 12627: 12624: 12622: 12619: 12618: 12616: 12612: 12606: 12603: 12601: 12597: 12593: 12590: 12588: 12587: 12586:Soyuz TMA-10M 12583: 12581: 12578: 12576: 12573: 12571: 12570:Cygnus Orb-D1 12568: 12566: 12563: 12561: 12558: 12555: 12551: 12547: 12544: 12542: 12539: 12537: 12534: 12533: 12531: 12527: 12521: 12518: 12516: 12512: 12509: 12507: 12504: 12501: 12499: 12496: 12493: 12489: 12485: 12481: 12478: 12477: 12475: 12471: 12465: 12462: 12460: 12456: 12453: 12451:, Chuangxin 3 12450: 12446: 12443: 12441: 12438: 12436: 12435:Shijian XI-05 12433: 12431: 12429: 12425: 12423: 12420: 12419: 12417: 12413: 12408: 12405: 12403: 12399: 12396: 12393: 12390: 12388: 12387:Resurs-P No.1 12385: 12383: 12382: 12378: 12376: 12372: 12369: 12367: 12365: 12361: 12359: 12356: 12354: 12350: 12344: 12343: 12342:Soyuz TMA-09M 12339: 12337: 12334: 12332: 12329: 12327: 12324: 12322: 12318: 12314: 12311: 12310: 12309:Zhongxing 11 12307: 12303: 12297: 12294: 12291: 12290:NEE-01 Pegaso 12287: 12286:TurkSat-3USat 12283: 12280: 12278: 12275: 12273: 12269: 12265: 12261: 12257: 12254: 12251: 12247: 12243: 12240: 12237: 12236: 12234: 12230: 12224: 12223: 12222:Soyuz TMA-08M 12219: 12217: 12214: 12212: 12209: 12207: 12204: 12203: 12201: 12197: 12191: 12187: 12183: 12179: 12175: 12171: 12167: 12164: 12162: 12159: 12157: 12154: 12152: 12148: 12145: 12142: 12139: 12137: 12136: 12132: 12131: 12129: 12125: 12119: 12116: 12114: 12111: 12109: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12096: 12092: 12089: 12088: 12086: 12082: 12077: 12073: 12062: 12054: 12049: 12047: 12042: 12040: 12035: 12034: 12031: 12019: 12016: 12014: 12011: 12009: 12006: 12004: 12001: 12000: 11997: 11985: 11982: 11980: 11977: 11975: 11973: 11969: 11967: 11964: 11963: 11961: 11957: 11955: 11951: 11949: 11947: 11942: 11941:Chandrayaan-3 11939: 11937: 11934: 11932: 11929: 11928: 11926: 11922: 11921: 11917: 11915: 11914: 11910: 11908: 11907: 11903: 11902: 11900: 11896: 11893: 11892: 11890: 11889: 11887: 11883: 11875: 11873: 11868: 11867:Chandrayaan-2 11865: 11863: 11860: 11858: 11857: 11853: 11851: 11849: 11845: 11842: 11840: 11837: 11836: 11834: 11830: 11827: 11825: 11824: 11820: 11818: 11815: 11814: 11812: 11808: 11807: 11803: 11801: 11798: 11797: 11795: 11791: 11790: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11779: 11775: 11773: 11772: 11767: 11766: 11762: 11761: 11759: 11755: 11752: 11750: 11749: 11745: 11743: 11742: 11738: 11737: 11735: 11731: 11728: 11726: 11725: 11724:Venus Express 11721: 11719: 11716: 11715: 11713: 11709: 11708: 11704: 11703: 11701: 11697: 11694: 11693: 11691: 11687: 11686: 11682: 11681: 11679: 11675: 11673: 11669: 11666: 11664: 11663: 11659: 11658: 11656: 11655: 11653: 11649: 11641: 11638: 11636: 11633: 11631: 11630:Chandrayaan-1 11628: 11626: 11625: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11615: 11613: 11609: 11608: 11604: 11603: 11601: 11597: 11596: 11592: 11591: 11589: 11585: 11584: 11580: 11579: 11577: 11573: 11572: 11568: 11567: 11565: 11561: 11560: 11556: 11554: 11553: 11549: 11547: 11546: 11542: 11541: 11539: 11535: 11534: 11530: 11528: 11525: 11524: 11522: 11521: 11519: 11515: 11512: 11508: 11504: 11494: 11493: 11489: 11487: 11486: 11482: 11481: 11479: 11475: 11469: 11466: 11464: 11461: 11459: 11458: 11454: 11452: 11451: 11447: 11445: 11441: 11440: 11436: 11434: 11431: 11430: 11428: 11426: 11425:Minor planets 11422: 11413: 11412: 11411: 11410: 11406: 11402: 11399: 11398: 11397: 11396: 11392: 11388: 11385: 11384: 11383: 11382: 11378: 11374: 11371: 11370: 11369: 11368: 11364: 11363: 11361: 11359:Other planets 11357: 11349: 11347: 11343: 11342: 11341: 11338: 11336: 11335: 11331: 11329: 11327: 11323: 11320: 11318: 11315: 11313: 11310: 11308: 11307: 11303: 11301: 11300: 11296: 11294: 11291: 11288: 11286: 11283: 11282: 11280: 11278: 11274: 11266: 11263: 11262: 11261: 11258: 11256: 11253: 11251: 11248: 11246: 11243: 11241: 11238: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11225: 11223: 11218: 11215: 11213: 11210: 11208: 11207:Chandrayaan-2 11205: 11203: 11200: 11198: 11195: 11194: 11192: 11190: 11186: 11180: 11179:Solar Orbiter 11177: 11175: 11172: 11171: 11169: 11165: 11162: 11158: 11154: 11150: 11147:21st-century 11142: 11137: 11135: 11130: 11128: 11123: 11122: 11119: 11106: 11104: 11101: 11100: 11097: 11089: 11085: 11080: 11077: 11074:, 2 Sep 2023) 11073: 11068: 11065: 11060: 11057: 11053: 11048: 11045: 11040: 11037: 11033: 11028: 11025: 11021: 11016: 11013: 11009: 11004: 11001: 10997: 10992: 10989: 10986:, 7 Nov 2020) 10985: 10980: 10977: 10976: 10974: 10970: 10962: 10957: 10954: 10950: 10945: 10942: 10938: 10933: 10930: 10927:, 1 Apr 2019) 10926: 10921: 10918: 10914: 10909: 10906: 10902: 10897: 10894: 10891:(16 Sep 2018) 10889: 10886: 10882: 10877: 10874: 10870: 10865: 10862: 10858: 10853: 10850: 10847:(23 Jun 2017) 10845: 10842: 10839:(15 Feb 2017) 10837: 10834: 10831:, 7 Dec 2016) 10830: 10825: 10822: 10818: 10813: 10810: 10807:(22 Jun 2016) 10805: 10802: 10798: 10793: 10790: 10786: 10781: 10778: 10774: 10769: 10766: 10763:(16 Dec 2015) 10761: 10758: 10755:(28 Sep 2015) 10753: 10750: 10746: 10741: 10738: 10734: 10729: 10726: 10722: 10717: 10714: 10711:(30 Jun 2014) 10709: 10706: 10703:, 4 Apr 2014) 10702: 10697: 10694: 10691:, 5 Nov 2013) 10690: 10685: 10682: 10679:, 1 Jul 2013) 10678: 10673: 10670: 10667:(25 Feb 2013) 10665: 10662: 10657: 10654: 10651:(26 Apr 2012) 10649: 10646: 10643:(12 Oct 2011) 10641: 10638: 10635:(15 Jul 2011) 10633: 10630: 10627:(20 Apr 2011) 10625: 10622: 10619:(12 Jul 2010) 10617: 10614: 10613: 10611: 10607: 10600:(23 Sep 2009) 10598: 10595: 10592:(20 Apr 2009) 10590: 10587: 10584:(22 Oct 2008) 10582: 10579: 10576:(28 Apr 2008) 10574: 10571: 10568:(21 Jan 2008) 10566: 10563: 10560:(23 Apr 2007) 10558: 10555: 10552:(10 Jan 2007) 10550: 10547: 10544:, 5 May 2005) 10543: 10538: 10535: 10531: 10530:Resourcesat-1 10526: 10523: 10519: 10514: 10511: 10508:(22 Oct 2001) 10506: 10503: 10502: 10500: 10496: 10491: 10480:(26 May 1999) 10478: 10475: 10472:(29 Sep 1997) 10470: 10467: 10464:(21 Mar 1996) 10462: 10459: 10456:(15 Oct 1994) 10454: 10451: 10446: 10443: 10442: 10440: 10436: 10432: 10425: 10420: 10418: 10413: 10411: 10406: 10405: 10402: 10389: 10385: 10384: 10381: 10375: 10372: 10368: 10365: 10364: 10363: 10362: 10358: 10354: 10351: 10349: 10348: 10344: 10342: 10339: 10338: 10337: 10334: 10333: 10331: 10325: 10314: 10310: 10309: 10305: 10302: 10298: 10297: 10293: 10291: 10288: 10287: 10285: 10281: 10275: 10274:Chandrayaan-6 10272: 10270: 10269:Chandrayaan-5 10267: 10265: 10264:Chandrayaan-4 10262: 10260: 10257: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10244: 10243: 10242:Chandrayaan-3 10240: 10236: 10233: 10231: 10228: 10227: 10226: 10225:Chandrayaan-2 10223: 10219: 10216: 10215: 10214: 10213:Chandrayaan-1 10211: 10210: 10208: 10206: 10202: 10195: 10191: 10190: 10186: 10184: 10181: 10179: 10176: 10174: 10171: 10170: 10168: 10164: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10137: 10136: 10133: 10132: 10130: 10126: 10123: 10119: 10114: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10088: 10087: 10083: 10082: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10073: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10062: 10060: 10056: 10050: 10047: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10004: 10003: 10000: 9999: 9997: 9993: 9985: 9982: 9980: 9977: 9976: 9974: 9972: 9969: 9967: 9964: 9963: 9961: 9957: 9951: 9950: 9946: 9944: 9943: 9942:Resourcesat-3 9939: 9937: 9936: 9932: 9930: 9929: 9925: 9923: 9922: 9917: 9914: 9912: 9909: 9907: 9904: 9902: 9899: 9895: 9892: 9890: 9887: 9886: 9885: 9882: 9878: 9875: 9873: 9870: 9868: 9865: 9863: 9860: 9859: 9857: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9845: 9844: 9842: 9838: 9835: 9833: 9830: 9829: 9827: 9823: 9820: 9819: 9818: 9815: 9813: 9810: 9806: 9803: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9793: 9791: 9788: 9786: 9783: 9781: 9778: 9776: 9773: 9771: 9768: 9767: 9766: 9763: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9749: 9746: 9744: 9741: 9739: 9736: 9734: 9731: 9730: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9719: 9716: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9694: 9691: 9689: 9686: 9684: 9681: 9679: 9676: 9675: 9674: 9671: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9658: 9657: 9654: 9653: 9651: 9647: 9639: 9638: 9634: 9632: 9631: 9627: 9625: 9624: 9620: 9618: 9617: 9613: 9612: 9611: 9608: 9605: 9601: 9598: 9596: 9593: 9591: 9588: 9586: 9583: 9581: 9578: 9576: 9573: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9561: 9558: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9533: 9531: 9528: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9503: 9501: 9498: 9496: 9493: 9491: 9488: 9486: 9483: 9482: 9481: 9478: 9476: 9473: 9469: 9466: 9464: 9461: 9459: 9456: 9454: 9451: 9449: 9446: 9444: 9441: 9439: 9436: 9434: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9371: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9361: 9359: 9356: 9355: 9354: 9351: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9338: 9336: 9335: 9333: 9331:Communication 9329: 9326: 9322: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9302: 9299: 9295: 9288: 9283: 9281: 9276: 9274: 9269: 9268: 9265: 9253: 9250: 9248: 9245: 9243: 9240: 9238: 9235: 9234: 9231: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9205: 9203: 9199: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9154: 9152: 9148: 9142: 9139: 9138: 9136: 9132: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9102: 9100: 9096: 9090: 9087: 9085: 9082: 9080: 9077: 9075: 9072: 9070: 9067: 9065: 9062: 9060: 9057: 9055: 9052: 9050: 9047: 9046: 9044: 9040: 9032: 9029: 9028: 9026: 9025: 9022: 9019: 9017: 9014: 9013: 9011: 9009: 9005: 8995: 8992: 8991: 8989: 8985: 8979: 8976: 8974: 8971: 8969: 8966: 8965: 8963: 8959: 8956: 8952: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8933: 8931: 8927: 8921: 8918: 8916: 8913: 8912: 8910: 8906: 8898: 8895: 8893: 8890: 8889: 8887: 8886: 8881: 8878: 8876: 8873: 8869: 8866: 8865: 8864: 8861: 8857: 8854: 8853: 8852: 8849: 8848: 8846: 8845: 8843: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8830: 8823: 8820: 8816: 8813: 8812: 8811: 8810: 8806: 8802: 8801: 8797: 8795: 8792: 8791: 8790: 8787: 8786: 8784: 8780: 8773: 8770: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8756: 8753: 8750: 8749:Chandrayaan-4 8747: 8743: 8741: 8737: 8735: 8733: 8729: 8728: 8727: 8726:Chandrayaan-3 8724: 8720: 8718: 8714: 8712: 8710: 8706: 8705: 8704: 8703:Chandrayaan-2 8701: 8697: 8694: 8693: 8692: 8691:Chandrayaan-1 8689: 8688: 8686: 8680: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8654: 8652: 8648: 8642: 8639: 8637: 8634: 8632: 8629: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8614: 8612: 8609: 8607: 8604: 8602: 8599: 8598: 8596: 8592: 8586: 8583: 8581: 8578: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8559: 8556: 8555: 8554: 8551: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8525: 8523: 8519: 8514: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8450: 8448: 8446:Organisations 8444: 8438: 8435: 8434: 8431: 8427: 8422: 8413: 8408: 8406: 8401: 8399: 8394: 8393: 8390: 8377: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8346: 8342: 8340: 8339: 8335: 8334: 8332: 8328: 8322: 8319: 8317: 8314: 8312: 8309: 8307: 8304: 8303: 8301: 8297: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8275:Human mission 8273: 8271: 8270:Sample return 8268: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8237: 8235: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8222: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8206: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8194: 8190: 8188: 8187: 8183: 8181: 8178: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8156: 8153: 8151: 8148: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8122: 8120: 8114: 8110: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8062: 8060: 8057: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8047: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8026: 8024: 8020: 8014: 8013: 8009: 8005: 8002: 8001: 8000: 7997: 7994: 7993: 7988: 7985: 7982: 7979: 7976: 7973: 7970: 7967: 7964: 7963: 7959: 7956: 7953: 7950: 7949: 7945: 7944: 7942: 7938: 7935: 7931: 7921: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7863: 7861: 7855: 7851: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7830: 7829: 7827: 7823: 7822: 7820: 7818: 7814: 7808: 7807: 7803: 7797: 7794: 7793: 7792: 7791: 7787: 7783: 7780: 7779: 7778: 7777: 7773: 7772: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7765: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7755: 7753: 7749: 7743: 7741: 7737: 7735: 7734: 7730: 7728: 7727: 7722: 7720: 7719: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7704: 7701: 7699: 7698: 7694: 7692: 7691: 7687: 7685: 7684: 7680: 7678: 7675: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7659: 7657: 7655: 7651: 7645: 7644: 7640: 7638: 7637: 7633: 7631: 7630: 7626: 7624: 7623: 7619: 7617: 7616: 7615:Mars Observer 7612: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7599: 7598: 7595: 7591: 7590: 7586: 7584: 7583: 7579: 7578: 7577: 7574: 7572: 7569: 7567: 7564: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7548: 7546: 7542: 7535: 7534: 7530: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7522: 7518: 7516: 7515: 7511: 7509: 7506: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7484: 7481: 7480: 7478: 7476: 7472: 7469: 7465: 7458: 7450: 7442: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7417: 7416: 7415: 7411: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7398: 7397: 7396: 7392: 7391: 7389: 7387: 7383: 7377: 7375: 7371: 7369: 7368: 7364: 7362: 7359: 7357: 7354: 7350: 7347: 7346: 7345: 7344: 7340: 7338: 7337: 7333: 7331: 7330: 7326: 7325: 7323: 7321: 7317: 7314: 7310: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7290: 7287: 7283: 7279: 7272: 7267: 7265: 7260: 7258: 7253: 7252: 7249: 7242: 7239: 7237: 7233: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7221: 7218: 7215: 7214: 7193: 7189: 7183: 7167: 7163: 7157: 7142: 7138: 7134: 7130: 7123: 7108: 7104: 7098: 7082: 7078: 7072: 7056: 7052: 7046: 7031: 7030: 7025: 7018: 7002: 6998: 6991: 6975: 6971: 6967: 6960: 6949: 6942: 6941: 6934: 6918: 6911: 6903: 6899: 6898: 6893: 6891: 6883: 6875: 6874: 6869: 6862: 6846: 6845: 6840: 6834: 6818: 6814: 6810: 6804: 6788: 6784: 6778: 6762: 6758: 6751: 6736: 6735: 6730: 6723: 6716: 6703: 6699: 6695: 6689: 6673: 6669: 6665: 6659: 6644: 6640: 6634: 6619:on 9 May 2020 6618: 6614: 6608: 6593: 6589: 6582: 6566: 6562: 6556: 6540: 6536: 6532: 6526: 6517: 6512: 6508: 6504: 6500: 6496: 6495: 6490: 6483: 6467: 6460: 6444: 6440: 6434: 6418: 6414: 6408: 6392: 6388: 6382: 6366: 6359: 6343: 6339: 6332: 6316: 6315: 6310: 6304: 6296: 6289: 6281: 6274: 6259:. India. 2014 6258: 6254: 6248: 6240: 6234: 6226: 6222: 6218: 6214: 6210: 6206: 6202: 6198: 6194: 6187: 6179: 6175: 6171: 6167: 6163: 6159: 6155: 6151: 6147: 6140: 6138: 6128: 6123: 6119: 6115: 6111: 6107: 6103: 6096: 6088: 6082: 6067: 6063: 6056: 6054: 6038: 6034: 6028: 6013: 6009: 6003: 6001: 5992: 5988: 5981: 5979: 5963: 5959: 5953: 5938: 5934: 5928: 5920: 5916: 5909: 5907: 5891: 5887: 5881: 5866: 5862: 5856: 5848: 5844: 5840: 5836: 5832: 5828: 5824: 5820: 5816: 5808: 5792: 5788: 5782: 5774: 5770: 5763: 5747: 5743: 5736: 5728: 5724: 5717: 5706: 5699: 5692: 5690: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5658: 5642: 5638: 5632: 5616: 5612: 5608: 5602: 5594: 5590: 5583: 5567: 5563: 5557: 5555: 5546: 5542: 5536: 5520: 5516: 5515: 5510: 5503: 5484: 5477: 5471: 5455: 5451: 5445: 5430: 5426: 5422: 5418: 5411: 5396: 5392: 5386: 5378: 5374: 5367: 5351: 5347: 5343: 5337: 5322: 5318: 5312: 5296: 5292: 5286: 5284: 5275: 5271: 5265: 5263: 5254: 5250: 5246: 5239: 5231: 5227: 5221: 5213: 5209: 5202: 5194: 5190: 5184: 5176: 5173: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5146: 5142: 5136: 5134: 5132: 5130: 5128: 5119: 5115: 5108: 5106: 5097: 5093: 5087: 5085: 5068: 5064: 5058: 5056: 5054: 5052: 5050: 5041: 5037: 5031: 5015: 5011: 5007: 5000: 4992: 4988: 4981: 4979: 4977: 4975: 4966: 4962: 4955: 4953: 4951: 4942: 4938: 4931: 4929: 4920: 4916: 4910: 4908: 4899: 4895: 4889: 4887: 4885: 4883: 4881: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4873: 4871: 4869: 4860: 4856: 4849: 4847: 4838: 4834: 4828: 4826: 4817: 4813: 4806: 4791: 4787: 4780: 4764: 4760: 4754: 4752: 4736: 4732: 4725: 4709: 4708:Deccan Herald 4705: 4699: 4683: 4679: 4673: 4657: 4653: 4647: 4632: 4628: 4621: 4605: 4601: 4595: 4579: 4575: 4574:Daily Pioneer 4571: 4564: 4548: 4544: 4538: 4536: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4512: 4504: 4500: 4494: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4461: 4457: 4450: 4443: 4436: 4433: 4429: 4426: 4421: 4406: 4402: 4395: 4387: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4366: 4364: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4356: 4354: 4352: 4336: 4332: 4325: 4323: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4289: 4274: 4270: 4263: 4248: 4247: 4242: 4235: 4220: 4219: 4214: 4207: 4191: 4190: 4185: 4179: 4172: 4168: 4163: 4147: 4141: 4133: 4129: 4123: 4107: 4103: 4097: 4082: 4078: 4071: 4055: 4051: 4044: 4042: 4025: 4024: 4019: 4013: 4011: 3995: 3991: 3984: 3976: 3972: 3968: 3962: 3946: 3942: 3936: 3934: 3917: 3913: 3907: 3899: 3898: 3893: 3887: 3871: 3870: 3865: 3859: 3844: 3840: 3834: 3827: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3800: 3798: 3782: 3776: 3774: 3758: 3757: 3752: 3745: 3743: 3741: 3724: 3720: 3714: 3707: 3695: 3691: 3684: 3682: 3665: 3661: 3655: 3653: 3644: 3640: 3634: 3632: 3615: 3611: 3605: 3590: 3586: 3579: 3572: 3561: 3557: 3550: 3543: 3532: 3528: 3521: 3514: 3503: 3499: 3492: 3477: 3473: 3466: 3450: 3449: 3444: 3438: 3423: 3422: 3417: 3410: 3395: 3394: 3389: 3382: 3366: 3365: 3360: 3354: 3339: 3335: 3328: 3326: 3318: 3313: 3309: 3302: 3286: 3280: 3265: 3264: 3257: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3226: 3224: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3173: 3169: 3165: 3159: 3143: 3139: 3133: 3117: 3113: 3107: 3105: 3103: 3101: 3084: 3080: 3074: 3072: 3056: 3052: 3045: 3043: 3033: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3013: 3006: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2981: 2977: 2971: 2969: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2961: 2959: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2928: 2924: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2884: 2881: 2878: 2875: 2874: 2865: 2862: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2852: 2847: 2844: 2843: 2838: 2837: 2831: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2807: 2805: 2804: 2798: 2796: 2795:currency note 2788: 2785: 2781: 2774:2000 banknote 2770: 2765: 2756: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2742: 2739: 2735: 2733: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2718: 2714: 2713: 2707: 2705: 2701: 2692: 2688: 2685: 2681: 2679: 2674: 2671: 2666: 2663: 2660: 2656: 2646: 2643: 2637: 2635: 2630: 2629:monotonically 2626: 2622: 2621:optical depth 2618: 2614: 2604: 2602: 2598: 2565: 2560: 2558: 2554: 2549: 2545: 2537: 2528: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2512: 2510: 2506: 2505:atomic oxygen 2503:(amu 28) and 2502: 2498: 2494: 2484: 2482: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2444: 2442: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2420: 2411: 2409: 2405: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2365: 2358: 2353: 2349: 2342: 2337: 2333: 2326: 2321: 2317: 2312: 2308: 2303: 2299: 2292: 2287: 2283: 2276: 2271: 2267: 2262: 2258: 2253: 2252: 2241: 2233: 2230: 2229: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2210: 2206: 2203: 2202: 2198: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2160: 2151: 2142: 2129: 2127: 2123: 2117: 2107: 2103: 2100: 2095: 2092: 2089: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2061: 2058:(SCC) at the 2057: 2049: 2045: 2031: 2028: 2027: 2023: 2020: 2019: 2013: 2010: 2009: 2005: 2002: 2001: 1997: 1994: 1993: 1989: 1986: 1985: 1981: 1978: 1977: 1974: 1971: 1968: 1967: 1964: 1963: 1959: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1943: 1941: 1937: 1932: 1930: 1926: 1925:Oberth effect 1922: 1918: 1914: 1905: 1891: 1882: 1877: 1868: 1863: 1854: 1838: 1832: 1823: 1817: 1808: 1802: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1770: 1768: 1764: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1740:Not required 1739: 1736: 1733: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1708:Not required 1707: 1704: 1702:9 April 2014 1701: 1700: 1697: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1674: 1668: 1666: 1664: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1639: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1623: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1523: 1518: 1514: 1511: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1498: 1487: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1455: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1391: 1387: 1372: 1371:Chandrayaan-1 1367: 1363: 1360: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1347: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1329: 1326: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1313: 1301: 1298: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1270: 1266: 1263: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1211: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1198: 1193: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1180: 1179: 1173: 1168: 1162: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1126: 1119: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1101: 1097: 1094: 1091: 1087: 1086:Chandrayaan-1 1083: 1079: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1065: 1060: 1051: 1042: 1040: 1035: 1027: 1023: 1016: 1012: 1009: 1006: 1005: 1004: 993: 990: 987: 984: 981: 977: 974: 973: 972: 969: 967: 963: 959: 955: 945: 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 919: 899: 890: 879: 870: 861: 844: 840: 836: 833: 830: 827: 824: 821: 820:Chairman ISRO 817: 814: 811: 808: 805: 802: 799: 796: 793: 792:Ritu Karidhal 790: 787: 784: 781: 780:Moumita Dutta 778: 775: 772: 769: 766: 763: 760: 757: 754: 753: 752: 744: 740: 738: 733: 729: 725: 724:Chandrayaan-2 721: 717: 712: 710: 704: 681: 677: 673: 672:Chandrayaan-1 669: 665: 655: 652: 647: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 624: 619: 617: 613: 609: 605: 601: 597: 596:launch window 593: 589: 585: 582:Range SHAR), 581: 577: 573: 568: 566: 562: 561:United States 558: 554: 550: 549:Martian orbit 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 509: 503: 502: 496: 492: 491: 486: 482: 471: → 470: 469: 462: 461: 460: 451: 446: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 395: 391: 387: 383: 379: 375: 373: 369: 365: 363: 359: 354: 346: 342: 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 280: 277: 273: 269: 266: 262: 259: 247: 243: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 192: 188: 184: 180: 177: 174: 170: 167: 164: 162: 158: 153: 149: 145: 131: 127: 124: 121: 117: 113: 111: 104: 99: 93: 89: 87: 83: 80: 77: 73: 69: 66: 62: 58: 52: 48: 41: 36: 30: 26: 22: 14523:Solar System 14441: 14400: 14393:(approaches 14388: 14382: 14360: 14354: 14098:HIP 116454 b 14093:GU Piscium b 14088:Gliese 832 c 14083:Gliese 682 c 14078:Gliese 180 c 14073:Gliese 15 Ab 14066:rotation of 14062:51 Eridani b 13791: 13782:Chang'e 5-T1 13688: 13651: 13643: 13637: 13465:rogue planet 13281:Gliese 504 b 13229:3361 Orpheus 13009: 12976: 12960: 12947:Space probes 12863: 12852:/ SKRL-756 2 12837:Ekspress AM5 12649: 12644: 12584: 12426: 12402:Kondor № 202 12379: 12363: 12340: 12220: 12206:SpaceX CRS-2 12133: 12108:Jissho Eisei 11971: 11953: 11945: 11919: 11912: 11911: 11905: 11871: 11854: 11847: 11821: 11804: 11789:Schiaparelli 11787: 11777: 11769: 11763: 11746: 11739: 11730:Chang'e 5-T1 11722: 11705: 11683: 11671: 11660: 11622: 11605: 11593: 11581: 11569: 11557: 11550: 11543: 11533:Deep Space 1 11531: 11490: 11483: 11457:New Horizons 11455: 11448: 11437: 11407: 11393: 11379: 11365: 11346:Perseverance 11345: 11332: 11325: 11304: 11299:Mars Express 11297: 11221: 11149:space probes 10688: 10659:(9 Sep 2012) 10387: 10359: 10352: 10345: 10312: 10306: 10300: 10294: 10289: 10193: 10187: 10166:Astronomical 10121:Space probes 10084: 9959:Experimental 9947: 9940: 9933: 9926: 9919: 9915: 9843:Resourcesat 9635: 9628: 9621: 9614: 9609: 9606: 9182:Dhruva Space 8807: 8798: 8760: 8739: 8731: 8716: 8708: 8361:Mars Society 8343: 8336: 8290:Terraforming 8285:Colonization 8211:Voyager Mars 8203: 8191: 8184: 8010: 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Retrieved 2941:the original 2936: 2927: 2912:Mars Express 2863: 2857: 2849: 2840: 2820:Mangalyaan-2 2819: 2813: 2801: 2799: 2789: 2777: 2753: 2750: 2743: 2740: 2736: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2710: 2708: 2699: 2697: 2686: 2682: 2675: 2667: 2664: 2652: 2638: 2610: 2561: 2557:solar radius 2542: 2521:scale height 2513: 2490: 2452:Arabia Terra 2445: 2441:zenith angle 2425: 2402:onboard the 2399:scale height 2380: 2348:Olympus Mons 2282:Kasei Valles 2239: 2156: 2137:(4.9 lb 2135: 2119: 2104: 2096: 2093: 2090: 2071: 2064:heliocentric 2053: 1961: 1960: 1944: 1933: 1910: 1880: 1866: 1852: 1822:Heliocentric 1765: 1734:August 2014 1672: 1663:Heliocentric 1661: 1652:Heliocentric 1520: 1461: 1393: 1349: 1315: 1287: 1273: 1272: 1252: 1200: 1171: 1166: 1148: 1138: 1113: 1095: 1073: 1067: 1048: 1031: 1002: 970: 951: 911: 750: 741: 713: 705: 661: 648: 630:(ISTRAC) in 620: 569: 565:Soviet Union 525:space agency 489: 488: 484: 480: 478: 468:Mangalyaan-2 467: 457: 456: 343:50027 06:27 306:Last contact 208:Payload mass 172:Manufacturer 64:Mission type 53:Mangalyaan-1 29: 14511:Outer space 14499:Spaceflight 14213:(announced) 14198:(announced) 14171:Discoveries 14157:Kepler-421b 14135:Kepler-298d 14113:Kepler-186f 13788:; Oct 2014) 13648:; Jul 2013) 13545:SN UDS10Wil 13516:z8_GND_5296 13506:anti-glitch 13503:1E 2259+586 13493:GRB 130427A 13481:Discoveries 13321:HD 189733 b 13315:HD 106906 b 13310:HD 100546 b 12850:Kosmos 2492 12846:Kosmos 2491 12832:Kosmos-2491 12828:Strela-3M 9 12824:Kosmos 2490 12820:Strela-3M 8 12816:Kosmos 2489 12812:Strela-3M 7 12808:Kosmos 2488 12625:Sirius FM-6 12480:Kounotori 4 12398:Kosmos 2487 12381:Shenzhou 10 12371:Kosmos 2486 12326:Eutelsat 3D 12296:Kosmos 2485 12292:, CubeBug-1 12242:Bion-M No.1 12135:Intelsat 27 12099:Kosmos 2484 12095:Kosmos 2483 12091:Kosmos 2482 11862:Longjiang-2 11848:Opportunity 11829:Longjiang-1 11707:Deep Impact 11367:BepiColombo 10869:Cartosat-2F 10329:spaceflight 9167:Sisir Radar 8888:Suborbital 8580:Chandrayaan 8225:Exploration 8074:MELOS rover 7977:(mid 2020s) 7916:Fobos-Grunt 7790:Opportunity 7035:12 November 6923:12 November 6851:12 November 6708:29 December 6391:India Today 6112:(2): 1750. 5572:16 November 5525:12 November 4769:18 December 4553:23 December 4030:8 September 3427:23 November 3343:8 September 3168:isro.gov.in 3148:23 December 3089:27 December 2986:23 December 2858:Space MOMs, 2824:aerobraking 2759:Recognition 2625:red channel 2564:closed-loop 2174:Time (UTC) 1837:Areocentric 1767:Areocentric 1515:References 1450:'s (SANSA) 1400:Sriharikota 1390:Telecommand 1233:outer space 1190:Objectives 1100:solar array 600:Earth orbit 580:Sriharikota 513:space probe 398:Instruments 381:Inclination 275:Launch site 245:Launch date 182:Launch mass 123:isro.gov.in 14545:Categories 14377:Mars orbit 14369:; Aug/Nov) 14333:15P/Finlay 14298:(Catalina) 14140:Kepler-419 14118:Kepler-296 14108:Kepler-93b 14054:Exoplanets 13606:Comet ISON 13453:candidate 13446:Kepler-78b 13354:Kepler-61b 13305:HD 95086 b 13286:Gliese 667 13263:Exoplanets 12708:Delfi-n3Xt 12688:DubaiSat-2 12670:Prometheus 12621:Shijian 16 12580:Kuaizhou-1 12492:PicoDragon 12445:Shijian 15 12430:48, 49, 50 12375:Persona №2 12317:VNREDSat-1 12178:UniBRITE-1 12151:Amazonas 3 12141:Globalstar 12104:JSE Reda 4 11974:helicopter 11913:Mangalyaan 11545:Pioneer 10 11463:OSIRIS-REx 11444:MINERVA-II 11008:Amazônia-1 10961:RISAT-2BR1 10949:Cartosat-3 10913:Microsat-R 10189:AstroSat-2 10128:Scientific 9995:Navigation 9935:Oceansat-3 9822:Microsat-R 9368:3 (EDUSAT) 9324:Satellites 9008:Spaceports 8824:(proposed) 8774:(proposed) 8768:(proposed) 8757:(proposed) 8751:(upcoming) 8674:(proposed) 8672:AstroSat-2 8594:Satellites 8521:Programmes 8299:Strategies 8193:Red Dragon 8155:Mars-Aster 8099:Sky-Sailor 8094:Phootprint 8064:Mars-Grunt 7881:2MV-3 No.1 7876:2MV-4 No.1 7828:helicopter 7643:Mangalyaan 6970:The TeCake 6793:2 February 6767:2 February 6571:24 January 6565:Mars Daily 6545:11 October 6321:21 October 5460:2 November 5434:2 November 5400:2 November 5356:2 December 5326:2 November 5301:2 December 5151:4 February 5073:1 December 5020:1 December 4795:5 November 4740:6 November 4714:6 November 4584:11 January 4483:6 February 4340:16 October 4252:13 October 4224:13 October 4196:13 October 4112:25 October 3999:4 February 3951:4 February 3945:Mars Daily 3729:1 December 3620:22 October 3481:6 November 3236:Herald Sun 3177:20 January 3122:22 October 2919:References 2826:to reduce 2818:(MOM-2 or 2797:of India. 2700:Mars Atlas 2601:solar wind 2495:(amu 44), 2159:Mars orbit 1807:Geocentric 1654:insertion 1522:Geocentric 1404:Port Blair 1217:photometer 1114:Propulsion 1026:solar wind 962:mineralogy 958:morphology 682:completed 586:, using a 543:the first 539:. It made 535:, and the 490:Mangalyaan 309:April 2022 285:Contractor 216:Dimensions 14475:Astronomy 14293:C/2013 UQ 14261:iPTF14hls 14162:WASP-104b 14103:Kapteyn b 13852:Selected 13793:Hayabusa2 13653:Voyager 1 13560:SN 2013fs 13550:SN 2013ej 13498:Hippocamp 13488:Luhman 16 13472:ROXs 42Bb 13429:Kepler-69 13407:Kepler-68 13391:Kepler-65 13359:Kepler-62 13332:Kepler-37 13327:Kepler-7b 13072:Selected 12973:Chang'e 3 12757:Chang'e 3 12712:FUNcube-1 12700:AprizeSat 12683:Yaogan 19 12629:Yaogan 18 12529:September 12502:Arirang-5 12488:ArduSat-X 12484:ArduSat-1 12321:ESTCube-1 12264:Alexander 12161:Landsat 8 11972:Ingenuity 11895:Chang'e 5 11856:Beresheet 11741:MESSENGER 11618:Chang'e 1 11492:Voyager 2 11485:Voyager 1 11439:Hayabusa2 11433:Chang'e 2 11340:Mars 2020 11334:Tianwen-1 11326:Curiosity 11260:Chang'e 6 11250:Queqiao 2 11230:Chang'e 5 11217:Chang'e 4 11212:Chang'e 3 11072:Aditya-L1 10817:SCATSAT-1 10361:Gaganyaan 10178:Aditya-L1 10086:StudSat-2 9971:Aryabhata 9906:SCATSAT-1 9828:Oceansat 9192:TeamIndus 9172:Satellize 8809:Gaganyaan 8682:Lunar and 8662:Aditya-L1 8641:Kalpana-1 8606:Aryabhata 8366:Mars race 8180:NetLander 8140:Marsokhod 8118:proposals 8116:Cancelled 7920:Yinghuo-1 7901:Mariner 8 7896:2M No.522 7886:Mariner 3 7838:Mars 2020 7826:Ingenuity 7764:Sojourner 7740:Tianwen-1 7561:Mariner 9 7488:Mariner 4 7420:Mars 2020 7395:Curiosity 7374:Tianwen-1 7141:0971-751X 7133:The Hindu 7029:Space.com 7007:3 October 6844:Firstpost 6314:The Hindu 6263:4 October 6225:0019-1035 6178:0019-1035 6156:: 84–94. 5847:0094-8276 5727:Space.com 5678:19 August 5621:11 August 5429:0971-751X 5421:The Hindu 5212:The Hindu 5145:The Hindu 4790:Space.com 4763:The Hindu 4735:The Hindu 4688:2 October 4682:space.com 4610:5 January 4462:: 04001. 4335:Space.com 4306:0013-0389 4171:Times Now 4152:8 October 4086:3 October 3922:10 August 3916:The Hindu 3897:The Hindu 3848:4 October 3819:3 October 3786:3 October 3762:2 October 3670:8 October 3399:31 August 3371:31 August 3364:The Hindu 3312:Space.com 2655:periapsis 2509:periapsis 2391:periapsis 2387:exosphere 2231:02:11:46 2223:01:47:32 2212:01:44:32 2204:01:42:19 2196:01:26:32 2185:10:47:32 1444:Goldstone 1420:Indonesia 1386:Telemetry 1245:deuterium 1221:deuterium 1120:(99 720:Bengaluru 701:153 crore 694:454 crore 687:125 crore 644:Karnataka 640:Bengaluru 632:Bengaluru 606:-raising 515:orbiting 92:2013-060A 86:COSPAR ID 14256:SN 2014J 13759: » 13511:M60-UCD1 12923: » 12781:TacSat-6 12750:December 12736:Shiyan 5 12724:ZACUBE-1 12666:PhoneSat 12638:November 12605:Astra 2E 12592:CASSIOPE 12554:Gonets-M 12550:Gonets-M 12546:Gonets-M 12459:INSAT-3D 12449:Shiyan 7 12428:Uragan-M 12422:IRNSS-1A 12282:Gaofen 1 12216:Satmex 8 12190:STRaND-1 12186:AAUSat-3 12182:TUGSAT-1 12170:Sapphire 12127:February 12113:STSat-2C 11685:Stardust 11662:Hayabusa 11381:Akatsuki 11202:CAPSTONE 11079:PSLV-C58 11067:PSLV-C57 11059:PSLV-C56 11047:PSLV-C55 11039:PSLV-C54 11027:PSLV-C53 11015:PSLV-C52 11003:PSLV-C51 10991:PSLV-C50 10979:PSLV-C49 10956:PSLV-C48 10944:PSLV-C47 10937:RISAT-2B 10932:PSLV-C46 10920:PSLV-C45 10908:PSLV-C44 10896:PSLV-C43 10888:PSLV-C42 10881:IRNSS-1I 10876:PSLV-C41 10864:PSLV-C40 10857:IRNSS-1H 10852:PSLV-C39 10844:PSLV-C38 10836:PSLV-C37 10824:PSLV-C36 10812:PSLV-C35 10804:PSLV-C34 10797:IRNSS-1G 10792:PSLV-C33 10785:IRNSS-1F 10780:PSLV-C32 10773:IRNSS-1E 10768:PSLV-C31 10760:PSLV-C29 10752:PSLV-C30 10740:PSLV-C28 10733:IRNSS-1D 10728:PSLV-C27 10721:IRNSS-1C 10716:PSLV-C26 10708:PSLV-C23 10701:IRNSS-1B 10696:PSLV-C24 10684:PSLV-C25 10677:IRNSS-1A 10672:PSLV-C22 10664:PSLV-C20 10656:PSLV-C21 10648:PSLV-C19 10640:PSLV-C18 10632:PSLV-C17 10624:PSLV-C16 10616:PSLV-C15 10597:PSLV-C14 10589:PSLV-C12 10581:PSLV-C11 10565:PSLV-C10 10173:Astrosat 10094:YouthSat 9949:RISAT-1A 9817:Microsat 9673:Cartosat 9656:Bhaskara 9607:Planned: 9213:SAGA-220 8868:Launches 8856:Launches 8847:Orbital 8657:Astrosat 8558:Cartosat 8528:Bhaskara 8330:Advocacy 8265:Aircraft 8233:Concepts 8165:Mars One 8135:Beagle 3 8022:Proposed 8012:Kazachok 7995:) (2028) 7969:EscaPADE 7859:launches 7817:Aircraft 7796:timeline 7782:timeline 7724:ExoMars 7712:Beagle 2 7690:Viking 2 7683:Viking 1 7607:Phobos 2 7602:Phobos 1 7589:Viking 2 7582:Viking 1 7544:Orbiters 7425:timeline 7406:timeline 7349:timeline 7320:Orbiters 7232:Archived 7220:Archived 7192:GQ India 7107:NDTV.com 6980:29 March 6892:(cover)" 6740:25 March 6643:NDTV.com 6443:Zee News 6423:16 April 6397:24 March 6081:cite web 5865:The Week 5746:Zee News 5519:Archived 5096:Zee News 4941:Zee News 4428:Archived 4376:Springer 4106:Zee News 4060:6 August 3869:Oneindia 3694:BBC News 3476:ABC News 2871:See also 2828:apoapsis 2782:'s 2015 2659:apoapsis 2642:lee wave 2593:☉ 2586:☉ 2579:☉ 2572:☉ 2383:argon-40 2122:transfer 1782:Success 1758:Success 1727:Success 1695:Success 1673:En route 1466:and two 1436:Canberra 1364:It is a 1241:hydrogen 1225:hydrogen 1149:Antennae 1143:MAR31750 980:attitude 505:'Mars', 495:Sanskrit 200:Dry mass 191:BOL mass 136:6 months 133:Planned: 75:Operator 14461:Portals 14356:Rosetta 14270:Comets 14224:2014 MU 14189:2012 VP 14038:2014 XL 14026:2014 SC 14020:2014 RC 14009:2014 OL 13997:2014 OO 13985:2014 LY 13973:2014 HQ 13966:2014 EC 13954:2014 DX 13942:2014 AF 13923:2009 RR 13904:2007 VK 13868:2000 EM 13838:2014 AA 13798:PROCYON 13746:« 13574:Comets 13451:exomoon 13247:2013 YP 13235:2013 XY 13218:2013 TV 13206:2013 PJ 13170:2006 BL 13109:2013 ET 13104:2013 EC 13088:2012 YQ 12914:« 12792:CBERS-3 12772:USA-247 12732:A, B, C 12726:, BPA-3 12696:$ 50SAT 12692:ICube-1 12614:October 12565:USA-246 12506:USA-245 12498:USA-244 12336:USA-243 12331:USA-242 12313:PROBA-V 12238:Anik G1 12211:USA-241 12174:NEOSSat 12118:TDRS-11 12084:January 11954:Zhurong 11946:Pragyan 11936:Luna 25 11920:InSight 11872:Pragyan 11806:Cassini 11785:ExoMars 11765:Rosetta 11748:PROCYON 11624:Ulysses 11607:Phoenix 11583:Huygens 11571:Genesis 11552:Galileo 11414:Jupiter 11401:Jupiter 11373:Mercury 11290:ExoMars 11265:ICUBE-Q 11245:Queqiao 11197:ARTEMIS 10573:PSLV-C9 10557:PSLV-C8 10549:PSLV-C7 10537:PSLV-C6 10525:PSLV-C5 10513:PSLV-C4 10505:PSLV-C3 10477:PSLV-C2 10469:PSLV-C1 10461:PSLV-D3 10453:PSLV-D2 10445:PSLV-D1 10388:italics 10353:SRE-III 10313:planned 10301:planned 10252:Pragyan 10235:Pragyan 10194:planned 10099:Pratham 10080:StudSat 9975:Rohini 9916:Planned 9224:RESPOND 9201:Related 8994:SCE-200 8954:Engines 8929:Retired 8740:Pragyan 8717:Pragyan 8250:Landing 8245:Orbiter 8034:DePhine 7987:ExoMars 7940:Planned 7911:Mars 96 7871:1M No.2 7833:flights 7806:Zhurong 7733:InSight 7718:Phoenix 7654:Landers 7514:Rosetta 7376:orbiter 6873:Science 6597:20 June 6503:Bibcode 6472:31 July 6371:1 April 6348:6 March 6205:Bibcode 6158:Bibcode 6114:Bibcode 5827:Bibcode 5492:5 March 4410:2 March 3876:1 April 3270:14 July 2574:(18.17 2430:(SWIR) 2372:Results 2244:Gallery 2099:delta-v 2086:perigee 1982:MAR063 1531:Launch 1512:Result 1509:Detail 1181:Payload 1118:newtons 1045:Studies 1015:methane 942:Gravity 658:History 610:before 501:Maṅgala 325:orbiter 268:PSLV-XL 250: ( 119:Website 107:SATCAT 70:orbiter 14362:Philae 14349:Kepler 13527:Europa 13004:Hisaki 12842:Aist 1 12702:7, 8, 12560:Hisaki 12552:No.6, 12548:No.5, 12520:Amos-4 12473:August 12440:MUOS-2 12268:Graham 12260:Dove 1 12250:OSSI-1 12246:Dove-2 12076:2014 → 12061:← 2012 11817:MASCOT 11771:Philae 11754:IKAROS 11672:Spirit 11640:LCROSS 11635:SELENE 11559:Nozomi 11468:Psyche 11235:Danuri 11222:Yutu-2 11088:POEM-3 11084:XPoSat 11052:POEM-2 11032:POEM-1 11020:EOS-04 10996:CMS-01 10984:EOS-01 10925:EMISAT 10542:HAMSAT 10518:METSAT 10347:SRE-II 10247:Vikram 10230:Vikram 10183:XPoSat 10075:SRMSAT 10065:ANUSAT 10049:NVS-01 9884:Rohini 9858:RISAT 9725:EMISAT 9475:HAMSAT 9157:Pixxel 8968:CE-7.5 8961:Active 8892:Rohini 8841:Active 8800:SRE-II 8734:lander 8732:Vikram 8711:lander 8709:Vikram 8667:XPoSat 8611:HAMSAT 8570:Rohini 8079:MetNet 7983:(2026) 7971:(2024) 7951:(2024) 7933:Future 7857:Failed 7776:Spirit 7758:PrOP-M 7751:Rovers 7742:lander 7677:Mars 7 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