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turn a small wheel with a specific number of teeth, which determined the coding. The teeth would push up on a contact, which would open and close a circuit, pulsing the code to the bells or horns. This code was used by building security to determine where the alarm was originating from. For example, consider a pull station in the fourth-floor elevator lobby of an office building with a code of 5-3-1. When the station was pulled, the security officers in the building would look up 5-3-1 in a master list of codes. After finding the location of the pull, they should check to see if there is a real fire. If there was, they would evacuate the building and call the fire department.
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233:. After operation, most fire alarm pull stations must be restored to the ready position using a special tool or key for the panel to be reset. Primitive manual stations, requiring only a single action or hand motion to activate, can be subject to unwanted activation by jarring or accidental contact. Early strategies to cope with this problem included requiring the operator to break a pane of glass to release an internal spring-operated mechanism. Manual pull stations that require two hand motions, such as lift up and pull down, or push in and pull down, have since replaced the break-glass and single-action models in many modern installations.
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sounding an alarm when tampered with or opened, attracting attention towards the fire alarm. The plastic covers may also be used to help prevent accidental pulls caused by bumping a pull station or accidental pulls by small children. Some covers lack internal alarms and are just used to help prevent bumping the pull station. Because of these and other issues, intentionally setting off a fire alarm when there is no fire or other emergency is
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208:, where manual activation outside the control panel may be overridden. Security alarms, emergency door releases, industrial fire suppression systems, and hazardous material leak alarms are all examples of specialty systems which are sometimes activated with similar manual initiating devices to a fire alarm. They may be linked to fire alarm systems to varying degrees.
402:(BRE) stated "there is a commonly held view that equipment designed to meet the European EN54 Fire detection and fire alarm systems standard cannot be used within an installation designed to the US National Fire Alarm Code, NFPA 72." In actuality, "there appears to be no requirement in NFPA 72 that precludes the use of manual call points..."
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before resetting itself. Coded pulls were typically used in new fire alarm systems until roughly the 1950s, and then occasionally into the 1970s. Until the early 1990s, some panels were made with an extra zone to accommodate any existing coded pull stations. Nowadays, coded pull stations are rarely seen in working fire alarm systems.
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Such systems typically operate a similar structure to a standard wired fire alarm network, in that Manual Call Points may be mixed with automatic fire detection in the form of heat detection and smoke detection (often specially designed to be dust resistant, due to the increased likelihood of dust on
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It is becoming increasingly common in the UK and Europe for wireless MCPs to be used in temporary environments such as construction sites. These typically provide the same level of protection as a standard wired fire alarm installation, but can be moved around as needed in the changing environment of
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to sound continuous (or in the case of single-stroke bells, ding once). Turning it the other way and then activating the pull allows a silent test to be done in which the station's mechanical parts are checked to ensure proper function. Once pulled, the station would do at least four rounds of code
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if they occur repeatedly, causing occupants to dismiss the importance of alarms or completely ignore them. In areas where false alarms are a recurring problem, pull stations may be covered with a clear plastic cover (sold under the "Stopper" trade name) that will cause people to notice the person by
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In the past, pull stations controlled the entire system. These coded pull stations were much bigger than modern pulls and had a code wheel in them. They had a gear mechanism that was wound up when the station was pulled, and (unlike modern pull stations) the handle did not stay down. The gears would
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Manual call points are used to initiate an alarm signal and operate using a simple button press or when glass is broken revealing a button. They can form part of a manual alarm system or an automatic alarm system. There will be an indicator on the monitoring unit for visual indication to locate the
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Many modern fire alarm pull stations are single-action and only require the user to pull down a handle to sound the alarm. Other fire alarm pull stations are dual-action, and as such require the user to perform a second task before pulling down, such as lifting or pushing in a panel on the station
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a construction site) and can be connected to a monitoring base station unit. This unit provides visual identification of the triggering unit in any alarm, and should also be able to monitor radio signal strength (which may change as the build progresses) and battery life.
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or breaking a glass panel with an attached hammer. Perhaps the most recognizable pull station is the "T-bar"-style pull station, so named because the handle is shaped like the letter "T". This style is manufactured by many companies, most notably
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system. This is the most common design in North
America. In its simplest form, the user activates the alarm by pulling the handle down, which completes a circuit and locks the handle in the activated position, sending an alarm to the
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If an EN 54 certificate is over one year old, it has expired and it is not a valid certificate. Manufacturers can not sell or install the device with expired certification in any country of the
European Union.
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The EN 54 certification of each device has to be issued annually, and for products of this nature must be issued by a notified body following the stringent testing procedures outlined within the standard.
474:) is responsible for the development and maintenance of the standard, as part of its remit for developing harmonized European standards for free movement of goods in the European Union countries.
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call point easily, and there should be a visual identifier of the unit which triggered the alarm, typically a mechanical flag that operates on a latch and must be manually reset, e.g. by a key.
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industry and as a "transmitter" in Japan. They are used to allow building occupants to signal that a fire or other emergency exists within the building. When activated they will raise a plastic
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a building under construction without the need for specialist electrician installation. They often combine call point functionality with sounder and strobe functions for ease of installation.
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Resetting a fire alarm pull station after it has been operated normally requires building personnel or emergency responders to open the station using a key, which often is either a
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Systems for use during construction can be wireless or mechanical. In the United
Kingdom, interconnecting wireless systems are recommended for timber-framed construction.
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When a fire pull station or call point is activated, codes usually require evacuation begin immediately. There are certain exemptions like system maintenance and security
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Previously, the old
British standard did not allow hinged covers and plastic resettable elements. Plastic elements must have the same printing as the
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System tests could be conducted in one of two ways: In a coded pull station, there is either a test hole on the front (usually activated with an
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or a more traditional key. Opening the station causes the handle to go back to its original position, allowing the alarm to be reset from the
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is the process of triggering a fire alarm through a call point, pull station, or other device. This usually causes the alarm to sound the
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standard uses the term Alarm Box, which could encompass a number of initiation mechanisms. A few manual call points have been approved to
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In the US and Canada, alarm initiating devices with button-like designs are sometimes used in high-hazard occupancies. The
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Due to their use for life inherent purposes, radio receivers used in such systems should be of
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In some places, particularly at college dormitories and schools, students deliberately set off fire alarms as a
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is used, which is usually referred to as an MCP, call point, break-glass point, or Fire Point within the
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intervention, as distinct from automatic fire alarm activation such as that provided through the use of
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tend to be wired in and include a control panel. Wireless activators are common during construction.
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Fire detection and alarm products placed on the market within the
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In Europe, Australia, New
Zealand and Asia, pull stations are generally not used; instead of a
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An activated manual call point in Japan. Telephone jacks are visible beneath the open cover.
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out of the top to tell which alarm was activated. They are usually connected to a central
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as well. The first modern MCP arrived in Europe in 1972 and was developed by KAC.
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device, usually wall-mounted, that, when activated, initiates an alarm on a
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The orange sticker on it warns would-be pranksters of the consequences for
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261:) or a test switch on the inside. Turning the switch one way causes the
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Manual call point. This call point uses a lever-shaped key to reset.
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A manual call point in the
European Union (EU) with standard EN 54-11
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Activated
Notifier NBG-12 pull station underneath a Stopper cover
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German manual call point with paint from NOTIFIER (Honeywell)
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National
Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying
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system in the building, and often to a local fire brigade
688:"Structural Timber Association - 16 Steps to Fire Safety"
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is the section of the mandatory standard relating to
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on someone, or to postpone, skip or cancel a test or
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447:EN 54 Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems
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513:"Which fire alarm signal should be used?"
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65:adding citations to reliable sources
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298:after the station has been closed.
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991:Condensed aerosol fire suppression
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146:single action "T-bar" pull station
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658:. EMAP Publishing Ltd. 2015-12-18
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1351:Explosive gas leak detector
1168:Electromagnetic door holder
1001:External water spray system
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443:Regulation (EU) No 305/2011
369:A Notifier pull station at
32:Fire alarm (disambiguation)
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1341:Carbon monoxide detector
1318:Standpipe (firefighting)
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846:Enthalpy of vaporization
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231:fire alarm control panel
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1101:Passive fire protection
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263:notification appliances
218:fire alarm pull station
212:Fire alarm pull station
197:. Systems in completed
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1464:Industry organizations
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792:Fundamental concepts
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270:Modern pull stations
61:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
1356:Fire alarm call box
1263:Heat and smoke vent
676:Short Range Devices
652:"Construction News"
237:Coded pull stations
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1143:Annulus (firestop)
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1559:List of R-phrases
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1346:Circuit integrity
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1056:Firefighting foam
951:Thermal radiation
656:Construction News
336:manual call point
179:evacuation signal
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16:(Redirected from
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72:Find sources:
66:
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50:This article
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39:
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33:
19:
1651:
1639:
1538:Flame spread
1424:Fireproofing
1402:and services
1385:
1303:Smoke damper
1293:Safety glass
1228:Fire hydrant
1193:Fire curtain
1153:Booster pump
1112:Relief valve
1076:Fusible link
866:Fire loading
861:Fire control
831:Deflagration
736:
725:. Retrieved
721:the original
711:
700:. Retrieved
696:the original
691:
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660:. Retrieved
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635:. Retrieved
633:. 2010-06-04
630:
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315:false alarms
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259:Allen wrench
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174:
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117:October 2008
114:
104:
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83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
1258:Grease duct
1213:Fire escape
1203:Fire damper
1096:Intumescent
1041:Fire safety
1006:Fire bucket
901:Flash point
586:Maple Armor
539:. Kac.co.uk
492:Fire safety
1668:Categories
1555:(NFPA 101)
1518:CE marking
1371:Fire drill
974:Technology
871:Fire point
856:Fire class
836:Detonation
727:2012-12-28
702:2015-04-17
662:2015-04-17
637:2023-02-05
591:2023-02-05
567:2023-02-05
543:2009-07-16
522:2023-02-05
498:References
356:dispatcher
226:fire alarm
87:newspapers
1511:Standards
1440:Fire test
1268:Occupancy
1233:Fire pump
1223:Fire hose
1208:Fire door
1188:Exit sign
1163:Crash bar
936:Pyrolysis
931:Pool fire
896:Flashover
851:Explosive
799:Backdraft
409:An older
313:). These
206:lockdowns
199:buildings
1640:Category
1604:See also
1533:EN 16034
1243:Firestop
1198:Fire cut
921:Jet fire
911:Gas leak
827:(HAZMAT)
810:Boilover
486:See also
249:Antique
1652:Commons
1485:(NCEES)
806:(BLEVE)
456:part 11
411:Legrand
389:NFPA 72
384:glass.
324:illegal
307:revenge
292:hex key
144:Simplex
101:scholar
1583:Awards
1497:(SFPE)
1491:(NFPA)
1473:(FEMA)
1436:(FSES)
631:FMLink
220:is an
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
1574:UL 94
1528:EN 54
1479:(IFE)
1108:(PPE)
609:(PDF)
453:EN 54
382:EN 54
352:alarm
303:prank
183:human
108:JSTOR
94:books
1523:EN 3
1503:(UL)
344:flag
311:exam
279:.
189:and
80:news
63:by
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393:UL
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