259:
levels in men were found to potentially play a role in their response to influenza vaccination, with men having the highest levels tending to show a lower antibody response. This lower response may contribute to the possibility that vaccinated men experience more severe symptoms compared to women, as
319:
dialogue, society can encourage healthier attitudes and healthcare-seeking behaviors for both genders. It's crucial to adopt evidence-based, gender-sensitive approaches to medicine to enhance diagnostics and treatment. Stereotypical portrayals of men as weak or exaggerating patients may deter them
75:
magazine in 2006 brought attention to this notion, although it was widely criticized as unscientific. The poll reported that men reported longer recovery times from flu-like illnesses compared to women, with men taking an average of three days to recover, while women recovered in 1.5 days. A poll
302:
to medical treatment and dispelling misconceptions surrounding illness. Research indicates that men are less inclined to seek medical attention when unwell and may underreport symptoms when they do. Understanding the interplay between
752:
381:
62:. Since then, the term gained recognition in popular culture and became the subject of discussions surrounding the perceived severity of symptoms experienced by men during respiratory illnesses.
521:
760:
279:
drugs counteracted this effect. Since flu symptoms are largely attributed to the body's immune reaction, a lessened immune response in women may translate to milder symptoms.
1371:
Ference, Elisabeth H.; Tan, Bruce K.; Hulse, Kathryn E.; Chandra, Rakesh K.; Smith, Sean B.; Kern, Robert C.; Conley, David B.; Smith, Stephanie
Shintani (January 2015).
286:
article maintained a light-hearted tone in keeping with the traditions of its
Christmas edition, and as such, is not directly intended to infer the existence of man flu.
628:
1082:
Furman, David; Hejblum, Boris P.; Simon, Noah; Jojic, Vladimir; Dekker, Cornelia L.; Thiébaut, Rodolphe; Tibshirani, Robert J.; Davis, Mark M. (14 January 2014).
87:
advertisement featuring the tagline "when he’s ill and you don’t have time to be – get cold and flu products for just 99p at Boots." This ad ignited debate about
389:
212:
data indicated that men may have a higher risk of hospital admission and mortality from influenza compared to women. Specifically, data from 2004 to 2010 for
465:
38:. Primarily British, it is frequently used in a self-deprecating manner. This term has sparked both public interest and scientific inquiry into potential
596:
1289:
1151:"Gender differences in local and systemic reactions to inactivated influenza vaccine, established by a meta-analysis of fourteen independent studies"
975:
Wang, Xi-Ling; Yang, Lin; Chan, Kwok-Hung; Chan, King-Pan; Cao, Pei-Hua; Lau, Eric Ho-Yin; Peiris, J. S. Malik; Wong, Chit-Ming (15 August 2015).
1208:"Estrogenic compounds reduce influenza A virus replication in primary human nasal epithelial cells derived from female, but not male, donors"
194:
continues to research the validity and significance of perceived sex differences in symptom severity and immune response to viral illnesses.
803:
208:, a review of existing research highlighted significant differences in immune response and outcomes of influenza between men and women.
694:"Gender differences in expression of the human caspase-12 long variant determines susceptibility to Listeria monocytogenes infection"
1430:"Man flu is not a thing – Gender-specific secondary analysis of a prospective randomized-controlled trial for acute rhinosinusitis"
1084:"Systems analysis of sex differences reveals an immunosuppressive role for testosterone in the response to influenza vaccination"
443:
54:
The term 'man flu' is believed to have originated in the 1990s, with the earliest known use found in a message posted on the
224:
from 1997 to 2007 reported higher rates of influenza-associated deaths among men, even when accounting for factors such as
1373:"Commentary on Gender Differences in Prevalence, Treatment, and Quality of Life of Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis"
654:
333:
678:
275:. Exposure to estradiol reduced the immune response in cells from women but not in cells from men. Treatment with
1473:
1428:
Riedl, D.; Labek, K.; Gottfried, T.; Innerhofer, V.; Santer, Matthias; Weigel, B.; Dejaco, D. (December 2022).
606:
1024:"Age- and Sex-related Risk Factors for Influenza-associated Mortality in the United States Between 1997–2007"
1478:
1264:
1022:
Quandelacy, Talia M.; Viboud, Cecile; Charu, Vivek; Lipsitch, Marc; Goldstein, Edward (15 January 2014).
878:
Carroll, Melanie L; Yerkovich, Stephanie T; Pritchard, Antonia L; Davies, Janet M; Upham, John W (2010).
782:
124:
43:
1314:
Baker, Peter; Dworkin, Shari L; Tong, Sengfah; Banks, Ian; Shand, Tim; Yamey, Gavin (1 August 2014).
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338:
324:. The notion of 'man flu' should be critically examined; further research is warranted in this area.
59:
39:
315:
is essential in shaping our comprehension of illness. By promoting public awareness and engaging in
172:
100:
692:
Yeretssian, G; Doiron, K; Shao, W; Leavitt, B. R; Hayden, M. R; Nicholson, D. W; Saleh, M (2009).
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119:
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infected with influenza revealed intriguing findings regarding the role of the female hormone
247:
suggested that women may be more responsive to vaccination than men, experiencing more local (
30:
referring to the perception that men experience more severe symptoms when afflicted with the
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977:"Age and Sex Differences in Rates of Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations in Hong Kong"
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manufacturer in 2008 suggested that such exaggeration is just as prevalent in women.
753:"Men succumb to manflu because women have stronger immune systems, claim scientists"
183:, aid pre-menopausal women in fighting infections, but the protection is lost after
99:
While initially dismissed as a cultural trope, the notion of 'man flu' has prompted
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Peretz, Jackye; Pekosz, Andrew; Lane, Andrew P.; Klein, Sabra L. (1 March 2016).
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Subsequent research has yielded more nuanced insights into the interplay between
84:
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1316:"The men's health gap: men must be included in the global health equity agenda"
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Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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382:"Man flu is no myth as Swedish scientists prove men suffer more from disease"
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130:. While the study did not pertain to cold or flu viruses, but rather to a
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Beyer, W. E. P.; Palache, A. M.; Kerstens, R.; Masurel, N. (June 1996).
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American
Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
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showed a higher risk of hospital admission among adult men, and a US
217:
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European
Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
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163:, evolutionary factors may have led women to develop more rigorous
134:, it gained widespread attention and was misinterpreted by various
115:
1290:"The Best of the British Medical Journal's Goofy Christmas Papers"
659:
308:
204:
152:
679:"Boots ad 'should not have been made' | Men's Health Forum"
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304:
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83:
The concept of 'man flu' has sparked controversy, notably in a
114:
One study, published in 2009, investigated the effects of the
1427:
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691:
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The concept of 'man flu' has significant implications for
522:"'Man Flu' – manufacturing an illness to sell a magazine"
148:
282:
Despite addressing significant scientific findings, the
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Idea of men feeling stronger symptoms of the common cold
1081:
880:"Adaptive immunity to rhinoviruses: Sex and age matter"
835:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
107:
differences between men and women in their response to
1370:
144:, as supporting the existence of 'man flu' in humans.
1313:
1205:
260:
they may not respond to vaccination as effectively.
58:misc.health.diabetes in 1999, as documented by the
932:Sue, Kyle (2017). "The science behind 'man flu'".
629:"Boots signs comedians in festive strategy shift"
589:
1465:
974:
464:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1088:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
831:"The evolution of sex-specific immune defences"
91:and perceptions of illness in popular culture.
446:. Archived from the original on 5 January 2007
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320:from seeking medical help, thus perpetuating
171:. In addition, a 2011 study conducted at the
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1263:Shmerling, Robert H. (4 January 2018).
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655:"Here Come the Girls 'I'm Fine' TV ad"
597:"'Man flu' just as prevalent in women"
513:
549:"Are reports of "man flu" just Nuts?"
481:"Are reports of "man flu" just Nuts?"
94:
931:
922:
547:Boynton, Petra (25 November 2006).
520:Boynton, Petra (14 November 2006).
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380:Alleyne, Richard (24 March 2010).
234:chronic respiratory system disease
159:. According to researchers at the
14:
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1434:Journal of Psychosomatic Research
652:
202:In the Christmas 2017 edition of
1446:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111047
1028:American Journal of Epidemiology
981:American Journal of Epidemiology
751:Alleyne, Richard (12 May 2009).
334:Gender bias in medical diagnosis
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1265:"Is "man flu" really a thing?"
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1:
605:. 20 May 2007. Archived from
344:
418:, Oxford UP, December 2023,
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829:Restif, O; Amos, W (2010).
565:10.1136/bmj.39041.590556.59
497:10.1136/bmj.39041.590556.59
359:"Man Flu: A Man's Illness?"
327:
298:, particularly in ensuring
290:Implications for healthcare
50:Origins and cultural impact
10:
1495:
1224:10.1152/ajplung.00398.2015
167:than men due to differing
444:"'Man flu' really exists"
416:Oxford English Dictionary
339:Sex differences in humans
60:Oxford English Dictionary
897:10.1186/1465-9921-11-184
804:"Man flu: real or myth?"
759:. London. Archived from
388:. London. Archived from
173:University of Queensland
101:scientific investigation
1377:Allergy & Rhinology
1109:10.1073/pnas.1321060111
719:10.1073/pnas.0813362106
479:Boynton, Petra (2006).
361:. ABC News Medical Unit
198:2017 BMJ medical review
169:reproductive strategies
161:University of Cambridge
1474:English-language slang
1389:10.2500/ar.2015.6.0120
847:10.1098/rspb.2010.0188
633:www.campaignlive.co.uk
602:The New Zealand Herald
424:10.1093/oed/1063166065
120:Listeria monocytogenes
1332:10.2471/BLT.13.132795
806:. NHS. Archived from
783:"media - Bad Science"
559:(7578): 1128.1–1128.
491:(7578): 1128.1–1128.
245:influenza vaccination
44:respiratory illnesses
42:in the experience of
1294:Smithsonian Magazine
884:Respiratory Research
609:on 29 September 2007
313:societal perceptions
192:scientific community
125:genetically modified
1100:2014PNAS..111..869F
810:on 16 February 2010
757:The Daily Telegraph
710:2009PNAS..106.9016Y
386:The Daily Telegraph
222:observational study
141:The Daily Telegraph
1479:Stereotypes of men
1167:10.1007/BF01586187
1040:10.1093/aje/kwt235
993:10.1093/aje/kwv068
214:seasonal influenza
95:Scientific inquiry
89:gender stereotypes
36:flu-like illnesses
946:10.1136/bmj.j5560
841:(1691): 2247–55.
667:on 18 April 2012.
322:toxic masculinity
265:test tube studies
132:bacterial disease
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157:immune responses
109:viral infections
76:conducted for a
67:open-access poll
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390:the original
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363:. Retrieved
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281:
277:antiestrogen
262:
257:Testosterone
243:Research on
242:
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1299:27 December
269:nasal cells
32:common cold
1468:Categories
1440:: 111047.
1176:1765/15036
890:(1): 184.
532:8 February
450:8 February
396:4 November
345:References
296:healthcare
255:response.
181:oestrogens
179:, such as
78:painkiller
1397:2152-6567
1340:0042-9686
1232:1040-0605
1185:0934-9723
1118:0027-8424
1048:1476-6256
1001:0002-9262
940:: j5560.
573:0959-8138
273:estradiol
218:Hong Kong
185:menopause
116:bacterium
23:'Man flu'
1454:36228432
1415:26302727
1358:25197149
1250:26684252
1136:24367114
1066:24190951
1009:26219977
954:29229663
916:21194432
865:20335214
738:19447924
460:cite web
328:See also
253:antibody
153:hormones
1406:4541639
1349:4147416
1274:7 March
1241:4773846
1193:8641306
1127:3896147
1096:Bibcode
1057:3873104
962:3381640
907:3024249
856:2880154
814:24 July
729:2690057
706:Bibcode
660:YouTube
653:Boots.
638:7 March
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