194:. His biological father, was Lewis "Lola" Orlando Strain, and his mother was Antoinette Wheeler. In May 1890, Strain was named as a stockholder and secretary treasurer of the newly opened Watagua Lumber Company in nearby Johnson City. It wasn’t long before the company ran into money problems from their inability to collect on debts owed. In August 1891, it was forced to close. The impact of its closing apparently affected Strain’s personal finances, as over the next couple of years, he was suing Watauga Lumber and was being sued by others himself. Complicating the matter for the Strains was that they had recently separated. It had been a hard year for them. They had begun the year with the birth of their youngest son, Christopher, on January 3, and then suffered the trauma of the death of their oldest child, their daughter Caroline on November 26. Along with their own financial difficulties, it was all too much and they separated soon after. Strain moved to Oregon, while his wife took the children and went north to New York City. Strain supposedly died alone in 1894; Antoinette became a journalist, and later joined a start-up
31:
410:(1933) and other oversize magazines reprinting comic strips, Wheeler-Nicholson formed the comics publishing company National Allied Publications. While contemporary comics "consisted ... of reprints of old syndicate material", Wheeler-Nicholson found that the "rights to all the popular strips ... had been sewn up". While some existing publications had included small amounts of original material, generally as filler, and while
391:
306:. Wheeler-Nicholson also was a victim of a shooting that his family called an Army-sanctioned assassination attempt and the Army called the mistake of a guard who mistook Wheeler-Nicholson for an intruder at another officer's home. It left him hospitalized with a bullet wound. Following this, Wheeler-Nicholson in June 1922 was convicted in a
1305:#88 (August 2009): "What they did was to set him back to what they called the '51 files', which is time and grade, the things that would let him get advancement: and it, in effect, ends his career. So he's still in the Army, and he has his rank, but he would not ever be promoted, and he knew that."
532:
Despite
Wheeler-Nicholson's optimism, finding a place in the market was difficult. Newsstands were reluctant to stock a magazine of untested new material from an unknown publisher, particularly as other companies' comics titles were perceived as being "successful because they featured characters
550:
202:, Oregon. By this time she had changed her last name to "Straham", a variant of "Strain", and upon marrying teacher Thomas J. B. Nicholson, who would become the boys' stepfather, reverted to her maiden name and appended her new married name. The brothers were raised in "an
899:"Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson; citing NARA microfilm publication M1936, M1937, M1939, M1951, M1962, M1964, M1986, M2090, and M2097 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.). United States World War II Draft Registration Cards, 1942"
649:
to 'work up new ideas'. When they came home, the major found the lock to his office door changed. In his absence, Harry had sued him for nonpayment and pushed
Detective Comics, Inc. into bankruptcy court. There a judge named Abe Mennen , one of Harry's old
1530:
reads, "New FUN is published monthly at 49 West 45th Street, New York, N.Y., by
National Allied Publications, Inc.; Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson, President ... Inquiries concerning advertising should be addressed to the Advertising Manager, New FUN,. ...
524:
with #32. Continuing for many decades, until issue #503 in 1983, it would become one of the longest-running comic books. In 2009, it was briefly revived with its original numbering, ultimately ending again in 2011 with issue #529, prior to DC Comics'
1422:
represented the next step in the evolution of this entertainment medium in that the book contained original – not reprint – material. Actually, the idea of all original material had been tried in 1929 with the introduction of
493:, who began their careers with the musketeer swashbuckler "Henri Duval" (doing the first two installments before turning it over to others) and, under the pseudonyms "Leger and Reuths", the supernatural-crimefighter adventure
466:-styled villain, Fang Gow. While all-original material was a risky venture, the book sold well enough that National Allied Publishing continued to fill books "with new strips every month". Golden Age comics creator
434:, so-called because it was larger than the other comics, measuring 10 by 15 inches. ... Not only was the size different, so were the strips. They were all original, featuring all new characters specially drawn for
662:
Wheeler-Nicholson "gave up on the world of commerce thereafter and went back to writing war stories and critiques of the
American military" in addition to straight "articles on politics and military history".
1230:
The officer, being treated at Walter Reed Army
General Hospital for an injury to his ear, caused by the mistake of a guard who shot him when he sought to enter for sleep the home of a fellow officer at
585:, said, "His wife would call and be in tears ... and say she didn't have money and the milkman was going to cut off the milk for the kids. I'd send out 10 bucks, just because she needed it".
244:", the youngest in the Cavalry, or, as per the family, one of the youngest in the Cavalry, at age 27, By his own account, he "chased bandits on the Mexican border, fought fevers and played
839:
338:. By 1922 Wheeler-Nicholson had begun writing short stories for the pulps. The Major soon became a cover name, penning military and historical adventure fiction for such magazines as
314:
in publishing the open letter. Although he was not demoted, his career was dead-ended. He resigned his commission in 1923. His $ 100,000 lawsuit against Sladen was dismissed by the
565:
398:
1782:
1725:
706:, New York City. The major died on September 21, 1965, due to lung cancer in New York City and was buried at Nassau Knolls Cemetery in Port Washington, New York.
1868:
803:
The date of birth of
January 7 is supported by Wheeler-Nicholson's draft records. Wheeler-Nicholson's son Douglas recalled the birthdate as January 4, 1890.
654:
buddies, had been appointed interim president of the firm and arranged a quick sale of its assets to
Independent News. Harry gave the major a percentage of
299:
2041:
637:
as "forc
Wheeler-Nicholson to sell his publishing business to Harry Donenfeld and Jack Liebowitz in 1937". However, wrote comics historian Gerard Jones:
2066:
702:, son Douglas in 1928, and daughter Diane in 1932. Douglas married on September 2, 1955, by which time Wheeler-Nicholson and his wife were living in
470:
quipped years later of
Wheeler-Nicholson: "Not only the first man to publish comic books but also the first to stiff an artist for his check".
174:
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1381:
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in issue #27 (May 1939). By then, however, Wheeler-Nicholson was gone. In 1937, in debt to printing-plant owner and magazine distributor
1843:
2076:
2061:
1406:
853:
541:, "The major flashed in and out of the place, doing battles with the printers, the banks, and other enemies of the struggling comics".
277:
161:
credits
Wheeler-Nicholson as "the link between the pulps and what we know of as comics today." He launched the magazine comics company
1689:
594:, advertised with a cover illustration dated Dec. 1936, but eventually premiering three months late, with a March 1937 cover date.
1064:
2051:
1545:
2016:
687:, Sweden, his wife's home, in February 1921. Antoinette married on April 11, 1945, when Wheeler-Nicholson and his wife lived in
1439:
533:
everyone knew and loved". Returns were high, and cash-flow difficulties made the interval between issues unpredictable. Artist
2011:
1572:
1389:
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Wheeler-Nicholson suffered from continual financial crises, both in his personal and professional lives. "Dick Woods" artist
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1315:
2002:
1944:
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1362:
774:
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1181:
1106:
882:
1992:
672:
153:, publishing the first such periodical consisting solely of original material rather than reprints of newspaper
497:. They would remain on the latter title through issue #32 (June 1938), following the magazine's retitling as
450:#1 was an anthology of "humor and adventure strips, many of which wrote himself". The features included the
426:#1 (Feb. 1935) – became the first comic book containing all-original material. As author Nicky Wright wrote,
1982:
240:
as a second lieutenant. According to differing sources, he rose to become either "the youngest major in the
315:
162:
98:
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periodical as "more a Sunday comic section without the rest of the newspaper than a true comic book," in
1911:
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451:
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comic "Pelion and Ossa" and the college-set "Jigger and Ginger", mixed with such dramatic fare as the
2056:
958:
679:, France, after World War I, Wheeler-Nicholson met Elsa Sachsenhausen Björkbom. They were married in
513:
512:, which premiered with a Dec. 1935 cover date and at close to what would become the standard size of
698:
In 1923, their second child, daughter Marianne, was born. Son Malcolm was born in November 1926, in
1896:
Interview with granddaughter Nicky Wheeler-Nicholson Brown, "He Was Going to Go for the Big Idea",
724:
Modern Cavalry: Studies on Its Role in the Warfare of To-day with Notes on Training for War Service
627:
The major remained for a year, but cash-flow problems continued. DC's 50th-anniversary publication
390:
1998:
1844:"Ahead of New York Comic Con, a look back at the colorful LIer who founded what became DC Comics"
1030:
830:"Ahead of New York Comic Con, a look back at the colorful LIer who founded what became DC Comics"
629:
538:
362:
1134:
481:, the fifth by Wheeler-Nicholson himself. Issue #6 (Oct. 1935) brought the comic-book debuts of
710:
617:
370:
191:
126:
52:
1563:
Cowsill, Alan; Irvine, Alex; Manning, Matthew K.; McAvennie, Michael; Wallace, Daniel (2010).
929:
Interview with son Douglas Wheeler-Nicholson (August 2009). "His Goal Was the Graphic Novel".
430:
It was at this point Wheeler-Nicholson made history. He produced a comic appropriately titled
1683:
1615:
1595:
1519:
1068:
1414:
857:
753:(Off-Trail Publications, 2014) edited by John Locke, introduction by Nicky Wheeler-Nicholson
608:– who was as well a pulp-magazine publisher and a principal in the magazine distributorship
2036:
2031:
1527:
931:
688:
340:
446:
A tabloid-sized, 10-inch by 15-inch, 36-page magazine with a cardstock, non-glossy cover,
8:
871:
Wheeler-Nicholson, Nicky (2014). "Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson". In Booker, M. Keith (ed.).
723:
225:
195:
150:
612:– Wheeler-Nicholson was compelled to take Donenfeld on as a partner in order to publish
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Wheeler-Nicholson wrote nonfiction about military topics, including the 1922 book
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Birth Date: 18 feb 1921. Birth Place: Adolf Fredrik, Stockholm, Sverige (Sweden)
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1995:
of previous version of Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson official family website.
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169:, one of the United States' two largest comic book publishers along with rival
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2007:
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Wheeler-Nicholson spent his boyhood both in Portland and on a horse ranch in
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comic books, with slightly larger dimensions than today's. The title became
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The Major's public criticism of Army command in an open letter to President
190:
Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson was born as Malcolm Strain on January 7, 1890, in
1976:
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in France commanded the headquarters cavalry of the American force in the
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1983:
http://www.comicsdetective.com/2019/09/the-major-the-man-the-myth-part-1/
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1067:. Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson (Official family site). Archived from
751:
The Texas-Siberia Trail: Adventure stories of Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson
526:
296:
257:
1627:
206:, intellectual household" where his family entertained such guests as
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757:
684:
576:
463:
241:
166:
94:
1206:
1204:
1202:
272:". His outposts included Japan; London, England; and Germany. After
1607:
1587:
1232:
761:
549:
490:
253:
1199:
1129:
Men of Tomorrow: Geeks, Gangsters and the Birth of the Comic Book
1025:
874:
Comics Through Time: A History of Icons, Idols, and Ideas. Vol. 4
834:
680:
292:
261:
1431:. Oversized like the Sunday funnies, the series never caught on.
1355:"The History of Comic Books: Newsstand Period Part 1. 1922–1955"
955:
DC Comics: Sixty Years of the World's Favorite Comic Book Heroes
854:"The 2008 Eisner Awards: Eisner Hall of Fame Nominees Announced"
1021:
601:
713:(b. 1960) is the daughter of Wheeler-Nicholson's son Douglas.
683:, Germany in 1920. Their first child, Antoinette, was born in
1669:
1562:
1378:
The Great Depression in America: A Cultural Encyclopedia, A-M
588:
The third and final title published under his aegis would be
361:
Concurrently, in 1925, he founded Wheeler-Nicholson, Inc. to
269:
1522:. The entry notes that while the logo appears to be simply
646:
245:
2017:
CBW Comic History: The Early Years...1896 to 1937, Part II
1301:
In an interview with Wheeler-Nicholson's son, Douglas, in
641:
In early 1938, Harry Donenfeld send him and his wife on a
1795:
Birth Date: 24 Nov 1926. Birth Place: Rye, New York, USA
1028:). "Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson DC Founded"
145:, January 7, 1890 – September 21, 1965) was an American
877:. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood Press. p. 417.
414:
had put out a proto-comic book of all original strips,
354:
six adventure novels about air hero Bill Barnes for
1413:. Comic Book Collecting Association. Archived from
1468:
1126:
600:would become a sensation with the introduction of
1988:https://themajorandhislegacy.com/about-the-major/
870:
221:. Raised riding horses, he went on to attend the
185:
173:. He was a 2008 Judges' Choice inductee into the
2023:
579:apartment Wheeler-Nicholson used as a rent-free
420:, in 1929, Wheeler-Nicholson's premiere comic –
1436:"American Treasures of the Library of Congress"
1685:The Power of Comics: History, Form and Culture
1249:Douglas Wheeler-Nicholson interview, pp. 12–13
1196:Douglas Wheeler-Nicholson interview, pp. 11–12
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
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1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1783:"Malcolm I C Wheeler-Nichelson [sic]"
1164:
1162:
624:, Donenfeld's accountant, listed as owners.
473:The first four issues were edited by future
1711:
1709:
1681:
1316:"Army Officer's Suit for $ 100,000 Is Lost"
1176:. Chicago: Contemporary Books. p. 55.
1117:
1115:
1089:
1087:
1037:
508:Wheeler-Nicholson added a second magazine,
264:, helped straighten out the affairs of the
2042:American military personnel of World War I
1942:
1565:DC Comics Year By Year: A Visual Chronicle
1506:
1376:Young, William H; Young, Nancy K. (2007).
1375:
1263:Douglas Wheeler-Nicholson interview, p. 13
1174:Ron Goulart's Great History of Comic Books
1081:Douglas Wheeler-Nicholson interview, p. 11
1034:, p. 5 (1985). DC Comics.
149:writer and entrepreneur who pioneered the
29:
1837:
1835:
1728:. Sweden Indexed Birth Records, 1859-1947
1682:Duncan, Randy; Smith, Matthew J. (2009).
1654:
1645:
1337:
1159:
984:Douglas Wheeler-Nicholson interview, p. 9
537:recalled that at the company's office on
462:" adventure "Barry O'Neill", featuring a
442:was the first comic to carry advertising.
276:, Wheeler-Nicholson was sent to study at
2067:Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame inductees
1910:Baldwin, Hanson W. (December 15, 1940).
1871:. New York State, Death Index, 1957-1968
1706:
1690:Continuum International Publishing Group
1548:. P.O.V. Online (column). Archived from
1434:The U.S. Library of Congress exhibition
1259:
1257:
1255:
1243:
1190:
1112:
1084:
548:
389:
1909:
1785:. New York State Birth Index, 1881-1942
1540:
1168:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
994:
992:
990:
949:
924:
922:
920:
658:as a shut-up token and wished him well.
620:was formed, with Wheeler-Nicholson and
330:. He also wrote fiction, including the
2024:
1841:
1832:
1063:Brown, Nicky Wheeler-Nicholson (ed.).
980:
978:
824:
817:
404:In 1935, having seen the emergence of
165:in 1935, which would evolve to become
2012:Internet Speculative Fiction Database
1861:
1252:
1121:
1075:
842:from the original on October 1, 2019.
16:American writer, creator of DC Comics
1945:"'Action Now' or 'Hold Everything'?"
1869:"Malcolm W. Nicholson [sic]"
1842:Lovece, Frank (September 27, 2019).
1411:Magazine – The Birth of an Industry"
1404:
987:
917:
764:: Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson's
2003:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
1365:from the original on July 22, 2011.
1352:
1274:"Major Nicholson, Guilty, Is Fined"
1212:"Insists He Acted for Good of Army"
975:
501:(issues #7–8, Jan.–Feb. 1936), and
175:Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame
13:
1095:The Classic Era of American Comics
14:
2088:
2077:Burials at Nassau Knolls Cemetery
2062:Manlius Pebble Hill School alumni
1970:
1943:Williamson, S.T. (May 18, 1941).
1133:. New York: Basic Books. p.
1062:
365:his work, which included a daily
321:
1454:insert", while comics historian
666:
1977:Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson
1936:
1903:
1890:
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1775:
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1621:
1601:
1581:
1556:
1534:
1497:
1398:
1369:
1346:
1308:
1295:
1266:
1020:), Petruccio, Steven (
856:. Comic-con.com. Archived from
838:. New York City / Long Island.
544:
432:New Fun: The Big Comic Magazine
395:New Fun: The Big Comic Magazine
380:with art by N. Brewster Morse.
356:Street & Smith Publications
2052:Comic book publishers (people)
943:
891:
864:
846:
797:
716:
556:#1 (March 1937). Cover art by
186:Early life and military career
1:
1726:"Antoinetta Caroline Malcolm"
1567:. DK Publishing. p. 13.
1357:. TheComicbooks.com. p.
1280:. February 6, 1922. p. 5
785:
731:Battle Shield of the Republic
438:... Besides original strips,
397:#1 (Feb. 1935). Cover art by
1633:at the Grand Comics Database
1450:as "a short-lived newspaper
781:, by Nicky Wheeler-Nicholson
744:Are We Winning the Hard Way?
520:with issue #12, and finally
458:strip "Jack Woods" and the "
316:New York State Supreme Court
310:trial of violating the 96th
180:
163:National Allied Publications
99:National Allied Publications
7:
2047:Comic book company founders
1754:"Moran — Wheeler-Nicholson"
1546:"WonderCon, The Second Day"
110:Elsa Sachsenhausen Björkbom
10:
2093:
1793:– via Ancestry.com.
1736:– via Ancestry.com.
1405:Berk, Jon (January 1996).
747:(Crowell Publishing, 1943)
673:École Supérieure de Guerre
383:
2072:American magazine writers
1024:), Marx, Barry (
959:Little, Brown and Company
489:, the future creators of
236:, and in 1917 joined the
139:Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson
122:
114:
104:
88:
78:
59:
37:
28:
24:Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson
23:
1979:official family website.
1900:#88 (August 2009), p. 49
1993:Archive (June 15, 2017)
1962:(subscription required)
1932:(subscription required)
1886:(subscription required)
1828:(subscription required)
1799:(subscription required)
1771:(subscription required)
1742:(subscription required)
1688:. New York and London:
1471:Comic Book Encyclopedia
1458:describes the 16-page,
1333:(subscription required)
1291:(subscription required)
1239:(subscription required)
1031:Fifty Who Made DC Great
1016:and Hill, Thomas (
630:Fifty Who Made DC Great
157:. Historian and author
1442:March 6, 2010, at the
1417:on February 23, 2016.
828:(September 27, 2019).
711:Dana Wheeler-Nicholson
671:While studying at the
660:
618:Detective Comics, Inc.
561:
444:
401:
371:Robert Louis Stevenson
192:Greeneville, Tennessee
127:Dana Wheeler-Nicholson
53:Greeneville, Tennessee
1912:"Concerning the Army"
1811:"Joan Weitemeyer Wed"
1616:Grand Comics Database
1596:Grand Comics Database
1520:Grand Comics Database
1380:. Greenwood. p.
639:
552:
428:
393:
252:, led a battalion of
1477:Harper Entertainment
689:Great Neck, New York
518:New Adventure Comics
318:the following year.
1817:. September 3, 1955
1670:Cowsill et al. 2010
1235:who was absent. ...
336:Death at the Corral
151:American comic book
1949:The New York Times
1919:The New York Times
1815:The New York Times
1758:The New York Times
1544:(April 21, 2002).
1320:The New York Times
1278:The New York Times
1217:The New York Times
1099:Contemporary Books
957:. Bullfinch Press/
562:
402:
350:. He additionally
226:The Manlius School
208:Theodore Roosevelt
63:September 21, 1965
1631:(DC, 2009 series)
1574:978-0-7566-6742-9
1475:. New York City:
1391:978-0-313-33521-1
1322:. January 5, 1924
1220:. January 5, 1924
1144:978-0-465-03656-1
1101:, Chicago, 2000)
1071:on July 14, 2011.
1065:"About the Major"
1012:Marx, Barry,
968:978-0-8212-2076-4
860:on April 1, 2008.
739:(Macmillan, 1941)
733:(Macmillan, 1940)
727:(Macmillan, 1922)
622:Jack S. Liebowitz
289:Warren G. Harding
133:
132:
2084:
2057:DC Comics people
1964:
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1760:. April 13, 1945
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1679:
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1629:Adventure Comics
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1619:
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1552:on June 8, 2011.
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1501:
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1479:. 2004. p.
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1433:
1429:George Delacorte
1402:
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1353:Coville, James.
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801:
635:Great Depression
614:Detective Comics
610:Independent News
598:Detective Comics
591:Detective Comics
574:
554:Detective Comics
522:Adventure Comics
334:hardcover novel
223:military academy
219:Washington state
196:women's magazine
107:
81:
74:
66:
49:
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33:
21:
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1128:
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155:comic strips
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65:(1965-09-21)
18:
2037:1965 deaths
2032:1890 births
1456:Ron Goulart
1448:The Funnies
1425:The Funnies
766:Pulp Comics
717:Other works
693:Long Island
569: [
487:Joe Shuster
417:The Funnies
367:comic-strip
352:ghost wrote
274:World War I
250:Philippines
159:David Hajdu
2026:Categories
1853:January 4,
1460:four-color
909:January 4,
786:References
633:cites the
514:Golden Age
510:New Comics
297:West Point
284:, France.
258:Bolsheviki
46:1890-01-07
1898:Alter Ego
1464:newsprint
1303:Alter Ego
939:(88): 10.
932:Alter Ego
823:Hajdu in
811:Citations
758:DC Comics
685:Stockholm
577:Manhattan
505:(#9–on).
464:Fu Manchu
373:'s novel
363:syndicate
341:Adventure
278:Saint-Cyr
181:Biography
167:DC Comics
141:(born as
123:Relatives
106:Spouse(s)
95:DC Comics
84:Publisher
1955:June 10,
1925:June 10,
1821:June 10,
1764:June 10,
1590:More Fun
1440:Archived
1363:Archived
1326:June 10,
1284:June 10,
1233:Camp Dix
1224:June 10,
1172:(1986).
1153:55019518
1125:(2004).
953:(1995).
840:Archived
762:Superman
709:Actress
575:, whose
529:reboot.
499:More Fun
491:Superman
477:founder
302:General
295:against
254:infantry
234:New York
200:Portland
115:Children
2010:at the
2008:Profile
1999:Profile
1848:Newsday
1614:at the
1594:at the
1528:indicia
1518:at the
1514:New Fun
1452:tabloid
1420:New Fun
1409:New Fun
1109:, p. 16
835:Newsday
769:(2018,
760:Before
681:Koblenz
652:Tammany
456:Western
448:New Fun
440:New Fun
436:New Fun
423:New Fun
385:New Fun
332:Western
293:lawsuit
262:Siberia
248:in the
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527:New 52
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230:DeWitt
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1915:(PDF)
791:Notes
691:, on
677:Paris
573:]
282:Paris
270:Rhine
136:Major
1957:2015
1927:2015
1877:2013
1855:2024
1823:2015
1791:2019
1766:2015
1734:2019
1694:ISBN
1569:ISBN
1485:ISBN
1427:by
1386:ISBN
1328:2015
1286:2015
1226:2015
1178:ISBN
1149:OCLC
1139:ISBN
1103:ISBN
963:ISBN
911:2024
879:ISBN
771:ISBN
647:Cuba
616:#1.
485:and
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266:army
246:polo
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