Nathaniel P. Banks

876: 1680:. When Banks arrived in New Orleans, the atmosphere was somewhat hostile to the Union owing to some of Butler's actions. Banks moderated some of Butler's policies, freeing civilians that Butler had detained and reopening churches whose ministers refused to support the Union. He recruited large numbers of African Americans for the military, and instituted formal works and education programs to organize the many slaves who had left their plantations, believing they had been freed. Because Banks believed the plantation owners would need to play a role in Reconstruction, the work program was not particularly friendly to African Americans, requiring them to sign year-long work contracts, and subjecting vagrants to involuntary public work. The education program was effectively shut down after Southerners regained control of the city in 1865. 1741:. Despite his nominally moderate politics, he was forced to vote with the Radicals on many issues, to avoid being seen as a supporter of President Johnson's policies. He was active in supporting the reconstruction work he had done in Louisiana, trying to get its Congressional delegation seated in 1865. He was opposed in this by a powerful faction in Louisiana, who argued he had essentially set up a puppet regime. He also alienated Radical Republicans by accepting a bill on the matter that omitted a requirement that states not be readmitted until they had given their African-American citizenry voting rights. Despite his position as chair of an important committee, Banks was snubbed by President Grant, who worked around him whenever possible. 1703:. President Lincoln ordered Banks to oversee elections held under the new constitution in September, and then ordered him to return to Washington to lobby Congress for acceptance of Louisiana's constitution and elected Congressmen. Radical Republicans in Congress railed against his political efforts in Louisiana, and refused to seat Louisiana's two Congressmen in early 1865. After six months, Banks returned to Louisiana to resume his military command under Canby. However, he was politically trapped between the civilian government and Canby, and resigned from the army in May 1865 after one month in New Orleans. He returned to Massachusetts in September 1865. In early 1865, Secretary of War Halleck ordered 9744: 10006: 8459: 4860: 1863: 1209: 1696:

civilian authorities to increase enrollment rates. After a February 1864 election organized by Banks, a Unionist government was elected in Louisiana, and Banks optimistically reported to Lincoln that Louisiana would "become in two years, under a wise and strong government, one of the most loyal and prosperous States the world has ever seen." A constitutional convention held from April to July 1864 drafted a new constitution that provided for the emancipation of slaves. Banks was a significant influence on the convention, insisting that provisions be included for African-American education and at least partial suffrage.

44: 1636:. Despite winning a tactical victory at Pleasant Hill, Banks continued the retreat to Alexandria, his force rejoining part of Porter's Federal Inland Fleet. That naval force had joined the Red River Campaign to support the army and to take on cotton as a lucrative prize of war. Banks was accused of allowing "hordes" of private cotton speculators to accompany the expedition, but only a few did, and most of the cotton seized was taken by the army or navy. Banks did little, however, to prevent unauthorized agents from working the area. A cooperating land force launched from 8717: 1912: 969: 1152: 550: 1850: 1420: 1275: 4866: 8534: 1520: 4162: 1516:

then compounded the failure to engage the enemy with miscommunications with Farragut. The naval commander successfully navigated two gunboats past Port Hudson, taking fire en route, without support. Banks ended up retreating back to Baton Rouge, his troops plundering all along the way. The episode was a further blow to Banks's reputation as a military commander, leaving many with the false impression he had not wanted to support Farragut.

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draft and secure passage of a bill restricting hours of women and children to ten hours per day. In 1874, Banks was elected to Congress again, supported by a similar coalition in defeating Gooch. He served two terms (1875–1879), losing in the 1878 nominating process after formally rejoining the Republican fold. He was accused in that campaign of changing his positions too often to be considered reliable. After his defeat, President

8545: 1091:, which opposed the Democrats, marking the first form of a coalition in congressional history. This victory was lauded at the time as the "first Republican victory" and "first Northern victory" – although Banks is officially affiliated as Speaker from the American Party – and greatly raised Banks's national profile. He gave antislavery men important posts in Congress for the first time, and cooperated with investigations of both the 1495:. Grant was moving against Vicksburg, and Banks was under orders to secure Port Hudson before joining Grant at Vicksburg. He did not move immediately, because the garrison at Port Hudson was reported to be large, his new recruits were ill-equipped and insufficiently trained for action, and he was overwhelmed by the bureaucratic demands of administering the occupied portions of Louisiana. He did send forces to reoccupy 1600: 1684: 1171:) supported. Not yet ready for armed conflict, the state voted for the more moderate Banks. After the election, Banks vetoed a series of bills, over provisions removing a restriction limiting state militia participation to whites. This incensed the radical abolitionist forces in the legislature, but they were unable to override his vetoes in that year's session, or of similar bills passed in the next. 1465:, doubted the wisdom of replacing Butler (also a political general, and later a Massachusetts governor) with Banks, who he thought was a less able leader and administrator. Banks had to contend not just with Southern opposition to the occupation of New Orleans, but also to politically hostile Radical Republicans both in the city and in Washington, who criticized his moderate approach to administration. 1350: 1256:, who succeeded Banks in the eastern district) in advance of legislative elections. This, combined with the release of local soldiers in his army to vote, ensured that the Maryland legislature remained pro-Union. Banks's actions had a chilling effect on Confederate sentiment in Maryland. Although it was a slave state, it remained loyal through the war. 1252:. He did, however arrest the police chief and commissioners of the city of Baltimore, and replaced the police force with one that had more carefully vetted pro-Union sympathies. In August 1861, Banks was assigned to the western district of Maryland. There he was responsible for the arrest of legislators sympathetic to the Confederate cause (as was 1071:, his first major speaking opportunity outside Massachusetts. In the speech, Banks expressed his opinion that the Union did not necessarily need to be preserved, say that under certain conditions it would be appropriate to "let slide". Future political opponents would repeatedly use these words against him, accusing him of "disunionism". 1236:, appointing him on May 16, 1861. Many of the professional soldiers in the regular army were unhappy with this but Banks, given his national prominence as a leading Republican, brought political benefits to the administration, including the ability to attract recruits and money for the Union cause, despite his lack of field experience. 942:, a Democratic Congressman who also had humble beginnings. His personal good looks, voice, and flair for presentation were all assets that he used to gain advantage in the political sphere, and he deliberately sought to present himself with a more aristocratic bearing than was suggested by his humble beginnings. 950:, a patronage position. Banks's job, which he held until political changes forced him out in 1849, gave him sufficient security that he was able to marry Mary Theodosia Palmer, an ex-factory employee he had been courting for some time. Banks again ran for the state legislature in 1847, but was unsuccessful. 1657:

famously said of the Red River campaign that it was "One damn blunder from beginning to end", and Banks earned the dislike and loss of respect of his officers and rank and file for his mishandling of the campaign. On hearing of Banks's retreat in late April, Grant wired Chief of Staff Halleck asking

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in May 1863. Two attempts to storm the works, as with Grant at Vicksburg, were dismal failures. The first, made against the entrenched enemy on May 27, failed because of inadequate reconnaissance and because Banks failed to ensure the attacks along the line were coordinated. After a bloody repulse,

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on the Confederate right. Bank's bold attack seemed close to breaking in the Confederate line, and might have given him a victory if he had committed his reserves in a timely manner. Only excellent commanding by the Confederates at the crucial moment of the battle and the fortuitous arrival of Hill

1148:, the legislature passed two Bills of Address, in 1855 and 1856, calling for Loring's removal from his state office, but in both cases Gardner had declined to remove him. Banks signed a third such bill in 1858. He was rewarded with significant antislavery support, easily winning reelection in 1858. 1788:

from the Russian minister after the Alaska legislation passed. Although questions were raised not long after the bill's passage, a House investigation of the matter effectively whitewashed the affair. Biographer Fred Harrington believes that Banks would have supported the legislation regardless of

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sought to run the river past Port Hudson in a bid to regain control over that area, and convinced Banks to make a diversionary land attack on the Confederate stronghold. Banks marched with 12,000 men from Baton Rouge on March 13, but was unable to reach the enemy position due to inaccurate maps. He

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Banks made a serious bid for the Republican presidential nomination in 1860, but dislike of him by the radicals in the state party harmed him. His failure to secure a majority in the state delegation prompted him to skip the national convention, where he received first-ballot votes as a nominee for

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convention, whose platform was intended to bring together antislavery interests from the Democrats, Whigs, Free Soilers, and Know Nothings. When Know Nothing Governor Henry Gardner refused to join in the fusion, Banks carefully kept his options open, passively supporting the Republican effort but

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Seeking a revival of his political fortunes, in 1873, Banks ran successfully for the Massachusetts Senate, supported by a coalition of Liberal Republicans, Democrats, and Labor Reform groups. The latter groups he wooed in particular, adopting support for shorter workdays. In that term, he help

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In August 1863, President Lincoln ordered Banks to oversee the creation of a new state constitution, and in December granted him wide-ranging authority to create a new civilian government. However, because voter enrollment was low, Banks canceled planned Congressional elections, and worked with

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The arrival at the end of the day of Union reinforcements under Pope, as well as the rest of Jackson's men, resulted in a two-day stand-off there, with the Confederates finally withdrawing from Cedar Mountain on August 11. Stonewall Jackson observed that Banks's men fought well, and Lincoln also

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against the incumbent Gardner. His nomination by the Republicans was contentious, with opposition coming primarily from radical abolitionist interests opposed to his comparatively moderate stand on the issue. After a contentious general election campaign Banks won a comfortable victory. One key

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as a moderate Republican presidential nominee. Because of his success as speaker, Banks was considered a possible presidential contender, and his name was put in nomination by supporters (knowing that he supported Frémont) at the Know Nothing convention, held one week before the Republicans met.

1737:. The Massachusetts Republican Party, dominated by Radicals, opposed his run, but he prevailed easily at the state convention and in the general election, partially by wooing Radical voters by proclaiming support for Negro suffrage. He served from 1865 to 1873, during which time he chaired the 1385:

to determine enemy strength, hold a fortified defensive position, and to engage the enemy. Banks showed none of the caution he had displayed against Stonewall Jackson in the Valley campaign, and moved to meet a larger force. Confederates he faced were numerically stronger and held, particularly

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Banks's 1859 reelection was influenced by two significant issues. One was a state constitutional amendment requiring newly naturalized citizens to wait two years before becoming eligible to vote. Promoted by the state's Know Nothings, it was passed by referendum in May of that year. Banks,

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surrendered on July 9, 1863, after receiving word that Vicksburg had fallen. This brought the entire Mississippi River under Union control. The siege of Port Hudson was the first time that African-American soldiers were used in a major Civil War battle. The United States Colored Troops were

1812:. He had to some degree opposed a party trend away from labor reform, a subject that was close to many of his working-class constituents, but not the wealthy businessmen who were coming to dominate the Republican Party. While Banks was campaigning across the North for Greeley, the Radical 851:

that prompted his recall. Banks was regularly criticized for the failures of his campaigns, notably in tactically important tasks, including reconnaissance. Banks was also instrumental in early reconstruction efforts in Louisiana, intended by Lincoln as a model for later such activities.

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despite serving as an independent command in the Shenandoah Valley. On March 14, 1862, President Lincoln issued an executive order forming all troops in McClellan's department into corps. Banks thus became a corps commander, in charge of his own former division, now commanded by Brig. Gen

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Banks's success as a speaker convinced him to quit the mill. He first worked as an editor for two short-lived political newspapers; after they failed he ran for a seat in the state legislature in 1844, but lost. He then applied for a job to Rantoul, who had been appointed Collector of the

1027:. This convention produced a series of proposals for constitutional reform, including a new constitution, all of which were rejected by voters. The failure, which was led by Whigs and conservative anti-abolitionist Democrats, spelled the end of the Democratic-Free Soil coalition. 1647:

Part of Porter's large fleet became trapped above the falls at Alexandria by low water, engineered by Confederates blowing a dam that had been constructed to artificially raise the water level when first entered by Porter's fleet. Banks and others approved a plan proposed by

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meant he did not get there until early May. His army seized thousands of bales of cotton, and Banks claimed to have interrupted supplies to Confederate forces further east. During these operations Admiral Farragut turned command of the naval forces assisting Banks over to

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cause, a secretive populist and anti-immigration nativist movement – officially named American Party since 1855. He was renominated for Congress by the Democrats and Free Soilers, and won an easy victory in that year's Know Nothing landslide victory. Banks was, along with

1183:, another moderate Republican, as his successor in the governor's chair also failed: the party nominated the radical Andrew, who went on to win the general election. Banks's farewell speech, given with civil war looming, was an appeal for moderation and union. 1227:

considered Banks for a cabinet post, despite a negative recommendation from Governor Andrew, who considered Banks to be unsuitable for any office. Lincoln rejected Banks in part because he had accepted the railroad job, but chose him as one of the first

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in Mexico from aiding the Confederates or occupying Texas, and to interdict Confederate supplies from Texas heading east. The second objective he attempted to achieve at first by sending a force against Galveston; his troops were badly beaten in the

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In 1888, Banks once again won a seat in Congress. He did not have much influence, because his mental health was failing. After one term he was not renominated, and retired to Waltham. His health continued to deteriorate, and he was briefly sent to

1335:) failed, and Jackson was able to reinforce Richmond. Banks was criticized for mishandling his troops and performing inadequate reconnaissance in the campaign, while his political allies sought to pin the blame for the debacle on the War Department. 10996: 10986: 1559:

Banks continued the siege, and launched a second assault on June 14. It was also badly coordinated, and the repulse was equally bloody: each of the two attacks resulted in more than 1,800 Union casualties. The Confederate garrison under General

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and James T. Brady to investigate breaches of Army regulations during the occupation of New Orleans. The commissioners' report, which was not published, found that the military administration was riddled by "oppression, peculation, and graft".

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Major General Nathaniel Prentiss Banks of General Staff U.S. Volunteers Infantry Regiment in uniform, with his wife, Mary Theodosia Palmer Banks. From the Liljenquist Family Collection of Civil War Photographs, Prints and Photographs Division,

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to build wing dams as a means to raise what little water was left in the channel. In ten days, 10,000 troops built two dams, and managed to rescue Porter's fleet, allowing all to retreat to the Mississippi River. After the campaign, General

1248:, a hotbed of secessionist sentiment and a vital rail link. Banks for the most part stayed out of civil affairs, allowing political expression of secessionism to continue, while maintaining important rail connections between the north and 10991: 1441:. As a former governor of Massachusetts, he was politically connected to the governors of these states, and the recruitment effort was successful. In December he sailed from New York with a large force of raw recruits to replace Maj. Gen. 1510:

In 1862, several Union gunboats had successfully passed onto the river between Vicksburg and Port Hudson, interfering with Confederate supply and troop movements. In March 1863, after they had been captured or destroyed, naval commander

1023:. While it was at first granted, his refusal to disavow abolitionist positions meant support was withdrawn by party conservatives. He ended up winning a narrow victory anyway, with Free Soil support. In 1853, he presided over the state 1833:

for Massachusetts as a patronage reward for his service. He held the post from 1879 until 1888, but exercised poor oversight over his subordinates. He consequently became embroiled in legal action over the recovery of unpaid fees.

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in December 1855, after the Democrats had lost their majority and only made up 35% of the House, representatives from several parties opposed to slavery's spread gradually united in supporting the Know Nothing Banks for

1038:, using his parliamentary skills in an effort to keep the bill from coming to a vote. Supported by his constituents, he then publicly endorsed the abolitionist cause. His opposition came despite long stated support for 3935:

The Historie Booke: Done to Keep in Lasting Remembrance the Joyous Meeting of the Honourable Artillery Company of London and the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of the Massachusetts in the Towne of Boston, A.D.

1621:, an overland operation into the resource-rich but well-defended parts of northern Texas. Banks and General Grant both considered the Red River Campaign a strategic distraction, with an eastward thrust to capture 1011:, despite opposition from conservative Democrats. His role as house speaker and his effectiveness in conducting business raised his status significantly, as did his publicity work for the state Board of Education. 1163:

catering to Know Nothing supporters, supported its passage, although Republicans elsewhere opposed such measures, because they were seeking immigrant votes. The amendment was repealed in 1863. The other issue was

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successfully gathered enough support to defeat him for reelection; it was Banks' first defeat by Massachusetts voters. After his loss, Banks invested in an unsuccessful start-up Kentucky railroad headed by

10424: 1119:. Banks easily won reelection to his own seat, though Democrats regained control of the House of Representatives. He was not re-nominated for speaker when the 35th Congress convened in December 1857. 4627: 785: 3174: 999:

that successfully gained control of the legislature and governor's chair. The deals negotiated after the coalition win in the 1850 election put Boutwell in the governor's chair and made Banks the

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on the floor of the Senate. Because of his fairness in dealing with the numerous factions, as well his parliamentary ability, Banks was lauded by others in the body, including former Speaker

4168: 899:, eventually becoming a foreman. Banks went to local schools until the age of fourteen, at which point the family's financial demands compelled him to take a mill job. He started as a 10037: 1087:, receiving 103 votes out of 214 cast, or five less than an absolute majority. The coalition supporting him was formed by his American Party (known as the Know Nothing Party) and the 1194:

after leaving office, and was engaged primarily in the promotion and sale of the railroad's extensive lands. He continued to speak out in Illinois against the breakup of the Union.

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By the time the convention ended, Banks's Red River Campaign had come to its ignominious end and Banks was superseded in military (but not political) matters by Major General

1000: 1776:(which lengthened the war by two years and killed 400,000 additional Americans). This and other proposals he made died in the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, chaired by 1059:, considered one of the political leaders of the Know Nothing movement, although none of the three supported its extreme anti-immigrant positions of many of its supporters. 1399:

allowed their numerical superiority to tell. Banks thought the battle one of the "best fought"; one of his officers thought it an act of folly by an incompetent general."

1407:, Banks was stationed with his corps at Bristoe Station and did not participate in the battle. Afterwards, the corps was integrated into the Army of the Potomac as the 10981: 9398: 4613: 1885: 803:

regulars, who initially resented him, but came to acknowledge his influence on the administration of the war. After suffering a series of inglorious setbacks in the

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In 1848, Banks was victorious in another run for the state legislature, successfully organizing elements in Waltham whose votes were not easily controlled by the

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movement, he became more strongly attached to that cause as a vehicle for political advancement. This brought Banks, along with fellow Democrats Rantoul and

911:. Because of this role he became known as Bobbin Boy Banks, a nickname he carried throughout his life. He was at one time apprenticed as a mechanic alongside 10570: 7773: 6464: 4482: 1067:

also avoiding criticism of Gardner in his speeches. Gardner was reelected. During the summer of 1855, Banks was invited to speak at an antislavery rally in

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and other orators. He formed a debate club with other mill workers to improve their oratorical skills, and took up acting. He became involved in the local

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Voss-Hubbard, Mark (August 1995). "The Political Culture of Emancipation: Morality, Politics, and the State in Garrisonian Abolitionism, 1854–1863".

4152: 10971: 10931: 9407: 1738: 983:-controlled Boston Manufacturing Company. Company leaders could effectively compel their workers to vote for Whig candidates because there was no 1423:

Colonel Short's Villa in New Orleans Garden District was the residence of Major General Nathaniel P. Banks, U.S. Commander, Department of the Gulf

1024: 9761: 7722: 7692: 7657: 7627: 7570: 7505: 7440: 7365: 7275: 7120: 6930: 6665: 1007:(either personally or for his strongly abolitionist politics), he supported the coalition agreement that resulted in Sumner's election to the 9391: 6410: 6324: 6180: 6099: 5960: 5765: 5550: 5330: 5075: 4875: 4645: 4586: 4551: 4516: 4454: 402: 357: 314: 271: 2617:

McPherson, James M. Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era. Oxford History of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.

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and marched north with the main army during the Confederate invasion of Maryland. On September 12, Banks was abruptly relieved of command.

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the payment he is alleged to have received. Banks also supported unsuccessful efforts to acquire some Caribbean islands, including the

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leaders, who asked him to speak at campaign events during the 1840 elections. He honed his oratorical and political skills by emulating

11021: 10936: 10367: 5199: 1773: 9124: 7354: 7104: 6744: 6474: 4233: 4229: 4225: 1765: 760:. A millworker, Banks became prominent in local debating societies and entered politics as a young adult. Initially a member of the 10460: 10434: 10314: 10055: 10051: 10047: 9384: 9174: 9134: 9118: 8575: 5999: 5844: 5729: 5619: 931: 480: 1215:, lithograph by Currier & Ives, 1861. Banks is among the frontmost standing figures, just left of the central seated figure, 11031: 10875: 10673: 8836: 7666: 7646: 7554: 7539: 6984: 1935: 1311:, at the northern end. Jackson then marched rapidly down the adjacent Luray Valley, and encountered some of Banks' forces in the 963: 959: 1733:

On his return to Massachusetts, Banks immediately ran for Congress, for a seat vacated by the resignation of Radical Republican

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legislation, and supported women's suffrage. In his later years, he adopted more liberal progressive causes, and served as a

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shortly before his death in Waltham on September 1, 1894. His death made nationwide headlines; he is buried in Waltham's

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informed Banks that plans should be made for operations against the coast of Texas, chiefly for the purpose of preventing

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on March 23, Banks was instead ordered to pursue Jackson up the valley, to prevent him from reinforcing the defenses of

11011: 7529: 7134: 5309: 5064: 1457:. Butler disliked Banks, but welcomed him to New Orleans and briefed him on civil and military affairs of importance. 1030:

In Congress, Banks sat on the Committee of Military Affairs. He bucked the Democratic party line by voting against the

891:, the first child of Nathaniel P. Banks Sr. and Rebecca Greenwood Banks, on January 30, 1816. His father worked in the 1307:. When Banks's men reached the southern Valley at the end of a difficult supply line, the president recalled them to 10389: 10355: 6729: 4118: 4095: 3674: 2622: 988: 987:. He was at first moderate in opposition to the expansion of slavery, but recognizing the potency of the burgeoning 10748: 10624: 10592: 10379: 10140: 10065: 9845: 9376: 8903: 7971: 7938: 7214: 4769: 4216: 1088: 1063: 935: 765: 761: 486: 474: 462: 4605: 3482:

The King of Louisiana, 1862–1865, and Other Government Work: A Biography of Major General Nathaniel Prentice Banks

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Many short biographical summaries spell his middle name "Prentiss." He is known to have spelled it "Prentice".

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After the war, Banks returned to the Massachusetts political scene, serving in Congress, where he supported

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Military recognition of Banks's service in the war included election in 1867 and 1875 as commander of the

10580: 9784: 7918: 7888: 7534: 7034: 6969: 6679: 4909: 4894: 4709: 1892:'s Gold Coast neighborhood. The incorporated village of Banks, Michigan, was named for him in 1871. The 1658:

for Banks to be removed from command. The Confederates held the Red River for the remainder of the war.

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and back into Maryland. An attempt to capture Jackson's forces in a pincer movement (with forces led by

777: 1083:. After the longest speakership contests on record, lasting from December 3, 1855, to February 2, 1856, 10455: 10334: 9523: 9488: 7750: 6699: 6649: 6399: 6349: 5579: 5124: 1877: 1344: 1320: 1141: 980: 679: 672: 571: 10409: 10330: 9498: 9478: 9453: 9423: 8986: 8787: 8775: 8591: 6919: 6654: 5179: 4934: 4413: 4220: 1917: 1404: 1378: 1300: 1208: 1187: 1128: 773: 689: 662: 63: 1715:. In 1892, he was elected as a Veteran First Class Companion of the Massachusetts Commandery of the 1632:(April 8) by General Taylor and retreated 20 miles (32 km) to make a stand the next day at the 1628:

The campaign lasted from March to May 1864, and was a major failure. Banks's army was routed at the

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preferred. Political forces prevailed, and Halleck drafted a plan for operations on the Red River.

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on May 25. The Union forces were poorly arrayed in defense, and retreated in disorder across the

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Planting the Union flag in Texas: The Campaigns of Major General Nathaniel P. Banks in the West

1871: 1535: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1454: 1408: 1216: 1145: 1046:), which the bill's proponents claimed it furthered. In 1854, he formally joined the so-called 1020: 888: 820: 434: 9783: 10772: 10754: 10699: 9895: 9865: 9718: 9658: 9603: 9189: 7848: 7798: 7039: 6829: 6419: 6329: 5929: 5694: 5569: 5459: 5379: 5374: 3429: 1784:

funding bill, enacted in 1868. Banks' financial records strongly suggest he received a large

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Lincoln's Political Generals: The Battlefield Performance of Seven Controversial Appointees

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History of Louisiana § Reconstruction, disenfranchisement, and segregation (1865–1929)

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Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts

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Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts

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Plaque on site provided by Winthrop Historical Commission. Photographed October 19, 2009

1487:, in order to gain control of the waterway, which was under Confederate control between 1186:

During the summer of 1860, Banks accepted an offer to become a resident director of the

10834: 10815: 10797: 10766: 10742: 10362: 10299: 10204: 10119: 9875: 9513: 9508: 9493: 9264: 9199: 9149: 9097: 9072: 8696: 8686: 8646: 8211: 8171: 8051: 8041: 7981: 7641: 7559: 7494: 7314: 7209: 7149: 7084: 7049: 7029: 7024: 6869: 6794: 6619: 6604: 6564: 6554: 6534: 6264: 6069: 6009: 5934: 5909: 5564: 5489: 5484: 5219: 5209: 5174: 5089: 5004: 4979: 4824: 4814: 4679: 4492: 4423: 4391: 4240: 4107: 4020: 4006: 3998: 3811: 3685: 3500: 1794: 1790: 1673: 1654: 1618: 1612: 1581: 1548: 1382: 1304: 1269: 1203: 1168: 1155: 1111:

Banks then refused the Know Nothing nomination, which went instead to former President

1075: 992: 939: 844: 757: 708: 696: 652: 587: 537: 153: 110: 10164: 1244:

Banks first commanded a military district in eastern Maryland, which notably included

1107: 923: 10992:

Know-Nothing members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts

10473: 10438: 10172: 9910: 9870: 9835: 9820: 9800: 9795: 9663: 9653: 9613: 9583: 9573: 9558: 9463: 9438: 9433: 9249: 9179: 9129: 9102: 8311: 8221: 8111: 7991: 7898: 7828: 7589: 7544: 7479: 7324: 7294: 7254: 7249: 7204: 7109: 7069: 7019: 6989: 6884: 6844: 6834: 6774: 6634: 6584: 6494: 6444: 6379: 6309: 6284: 6269: 6154: 6134: 6124: 5889: 5884: 5809: 5734: 5714: 5704: 5444: 5409: 5339: 5284: 5189: 5129: 5044: 4989: 4944: 4939: 4899: 4829: 4699: 4684: 4674: 4114: 4091: 4056: 4046: 4027: 4010: 3969: 3959: 3953: 3940: 3920: 3910: 3891: 3881: 3864: 3854: 3837: 3827: 3801: 3782: 3772: 3755: 3745: 3728: 3718: 3701: 3691: 3670: 3653: 3643: 3626: 3616: 3590: 3580: 3563: 3553: 3536: 3526: 3507: 3486: 2618: 1798: 1641: 1480: 1395: 1296: 828: 808: 176: 9406: 1617:

As part of operations against Texas, Halleck also encouraged Banks to undertake the

1437:, and asked him to organize a force of 30,000 new recruits, drawn from New York and 1151: 1132:

action Banks took in support of the antislavery movement was the dismissal of Judge

10556: 10534: 10491: 10237: 9930: 9925: 9905: 9885: 9673: 9668: 9418: 9289: 9274: 9259: 9214: 9194: 9077: 9067: 9030: 8998: 8992: 8855: 8747: 8706: 8131: 8121: 7928: 7671: 7414: 7404: 7234: 7159: 7074: 7054: 7004: 6974: 6904: 6889: 6879: 6819: 6769: 6674: 6639: 6539: 6504: 6489: 6459: 6344: 6339: 6289: 6279: 6109: 6084: 6074: 6054: 6044: 5924: 5894: 5874: 5689: 5674: 5664: 5629: 5609: 5559: 5539: 5509: 5434: 5364: 5239: 5169: 5149: 5104: 5094: 5034: 4884: 4834: 4819: 4804: 4704: 4664: 4635: 4572: 4562: 4440: 4353: 4334: 4255: 3990: 1893: 1884:, built in the late 1890s, was named for him. A statue of him stands in Waltham's 1745: 1560: 1500: 1484: 1434: 1428: 1366: 1288: 1283: 1133: 1112: 1056: 1039: 856: 832: 804: 636: 380: 304: 249: 4076: 3904: 1744:

During this period in Congress, Banks was one of the strongest early advocates of

918:

Recognizing the value of education, Banks continued to read, sometimes walking to

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The Red River Campaign and Its Toll: 69 Bloody Days in Louisiana, March-May 1864

1818: 1328: 1115:. Banks was active on the stump in support of Frémont, who lost the election to 10846: 10705: 10693: 10662: 10656: 10644: 10638: 10543: 10530: 10482: 10089: 9995: 9980: 9815: 9733: 9608: 9598: 9578: 9563: 9428: 9309: 9279: 9234: 9209: 9082: 9047: 9018: 9003: 8941: 8891: 8849: 8842: 8830: 8818: 8421: 8371: 8331: 7868: 7681: 7616: 7409: 7304: 7259: 7179: 7129: 7099: 7014: 6999: 6964: 6959: 6804: 6784: 6779: 6754: 6704: 6629: 6544: 6524: 6424: 6384: 6374: 6299: 6259: 6254: 6224: 6209: 6189: 6149: 6089: 5994: 5989: 5794: 5719: 5594: 5519: 5514: 5504: 5499: 5454: 5429: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5344: 5294: 5264: 5259: 5244: 5234: 5224: 5084: 5049: 4984: 4974: 4949: 4719: 4694: 3454: 1849: 1809: 1777: 1554:

Following a request from Grant for assistance against Vicksburg, Banks finally

1512: 1370: 1332: 1253: 1249: 1180: 1116: 1004: 947: 927: 11002:

Liberal Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives

10045: 3994: 1419: 1103:, who called him "in all respects the best presiding officer had ever seen." 10915: 10736: 10717: 9965: 9728: 9708: 9683: 9553: 9538: 9503: 9458: 9443: 9346: 9341: 9324: 9294: 9284: 9269: 9239: 9184: 9087: 9062: 9052: 9024: 8947: 8923: 8878: 8866: 8812: 8800: 8769: 8742: 8737: 8701: 8691: 8681: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8656: 8651: 8641: 8636: 8621: 8616: 8611: 8560: 8361: 7951: 7711: 7706: 7584: 7579: 7524: 7454: 7379: 7329: 7319: 7309: 7239: 7189: 7184: 7164: 6994: 6914: 6789: 6714: 6709: 6689: 6519: 6449: 6439: 6434: 6234: 6104: 5879: 5849: 5829: 5784: 5669: 5644: 5639: 5524: 5464: 5449: 5369: 5289: 5274: 5249: 5229: 5214: 5154: 5054: 4669: 4659: 4406: 4209: 4060: 3895: 3868: 3841: 3786: 3759: 3732: 3594: 3540: 3094: 1568: 1458: 1324: 1137: 1043: 984: 843:, taking its surrender only after Vicksburg had fallen. He then launched the 749: 226: 98: 4022:

Crucible of Reconstruction: War, Radicalism and Race in Louisiana; 1862–1877

3973: 3924: 3705: 3657: 3630: 3567: 3490: 926:. He attended company-sponsored lectures by luminaries of the day including 10883: 10687: 10681: 10442: 10350: 10219: 9955: 9920: 9810: 9688: 9533: 9473: 9351: 9008: 8981: 8957: 8952: 8935: 8824: 8447: 8411: 8391: 8381: 7701: 7519: 7299: 7264: 7169: 7154: 7009: 6979: 6909: 6764: 6509: 6479: 6394: 6249: 6164: 5974: 5949: 5789: 5744: 5739: 5724: 5684: 5599: 5529: 5314: 5269: 5099: 5059: 4959: 4924: 4904: 4849: 4779: 4597: 3944: 3805: 1888:, and Banks Street in New Orleans is named after him, as is Banks Court in 1700: 1688: 1354: 1274: 1190:, which had previously employed his mentor Robert Rantoul. Banks moved to 1052: 1047: 892: 468: 261: 212: 9785:

Republican Conference chairs of the United States House of Representatives

10199: 9970: 9960: 9940: 9915: 9890: 9825: 9723: 9336: 9204: 8913: 8321: 8301: 8281: 8261: 8191: 8011: 7676: 7399: 7344: 6694: 6684: 6644: 6609: 6599: 6484: 6429: 6274: 6199: 5824: 5699: 5584: 5404: 5319: 5304: 5159: 5139: 4654: 3640:

Massachusetts Politics and Public Policy: Studies in Power and Leadership

1446: 1438: 1374: 1100: 816: 527: 4002: 1764:

constituency and to tap into the anger the American public felt towards

1381:. Pope gave Banks an ambiguous series of orders, directing him south of 10632: 10517: 10508: 10495: 10477: 10451: 10114: 9990: 9975: 9950: 9703: 9698: 9330: 8968: 8341: 7908: 7878: 7858: 7599: 7384: 6499: 4999: 4844: 1588: 1519: 912: 900: 788:

that spanned a record 133 ballots taken over the course of two months.

753: 748:(January 30, 1816 – September 1, 1894) was an American politician from 592: 10952:

Democratic Party members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives

3715:

One Damn Blunder from Beginning to End: The Red River Campaign of 1864

1542:, but stiff resistance from the smaller forces of Confederate General 867:

for Massachusetts before suffering a decline in his mental faculties.

9935: 9643: 9633: 9319: 8401: 8351: 8021: 7139: 6159: 5749: 4475: 1677: 1450: 824: 141: 3372: 3370: 1564:

authorized in 1863 and recruiting and training had to be conducted.

907:

full of thread with empty ones, working in the mills of Waltham and

9648: 8241: 1144:. Under the pressure of a public petition campaign spearheaded by 3455:"MACRIS inventory record and NRHP nomination for Gale-Banks House" 2325: 2323: 1780:. Banks also played a significant role in securing passage of the 1140:, a fugitive slave, be returned to slavery under the terms of the 1019:

In 1852, Banks sought the Democratic nomination for a seat in the

7772: 3382: 3367: 3355: 3343: 2364: 2362: 1889: 1785: 1599: 1278:

Banks' headquarters in Winchester, Virginia, during the Civil War

1191: 9408:

Chairmen of the United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs

3502:

The Civil War Party System: The Case of Massachusetts, 1848–1876

4637:

Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts

2320: 1896:, his home in Waltham from 1855 to his death, is listed on the 1757: 1683: 1479:

Part of Banks's orders included instructions to advance up the

1390:, the high ground. After an artillery duel began the August 9 919: 904: 3851:

Who Freed the Slaves?: The Fight Over the Thirteenth Amendment

3331: 3307: 3283: 3259: 3223: 3187: 3109: 3044: 2684: 2672: 2539: 2527: 2398: 2359: 2308: 2296: 2260: 2212: 2188: 2164: 2152: 2128: 2104: 1433:

In November 1862, President Lincoln gave Banks command of the

3403: 2978: 2894: 1821:, hoping its income would substitute for the political loss. 1672:

Banks undertook a number of steps intended to facilitate the

1349: 848: 2705: 1551:, with whom Banks had a difficult and prickly relationship. 847:, a failed attempt to occupy northern Louisiana and eastern 3235: 2648: 2494: 2470: 2458: 2436: 2434: 2386: 2284: 2236: 2224: 2176: 2116: 2092: 2056: 2032: 3319: 3295: 3271: 3247: 3211: 3199: 3133: 3121: 1223:

As the Civil War became imminent in early 1861, President

1042:(the idea that the United States was destined to rule the 4183: 3667:

Pretense of Glory: The Life of General Nathaniel P. Banks

1984: 1972: 1953:, American historian who served under Major-General Banks 934:; speaking at its events brought him to the attention of 10329: 7721: 7691: 7656: 7626: 7569: 7504: 7439: 7364: 7274: 7119: 6929: 6664: 6409: 6179: 5959: 5764: 5549: 5329: 5074: 4874: 4644: 4585: 4550: 4515: 4453: 3687:

Red River Campaign: Politics and Cotton in the Civil War

2660: 2636: 2599: 2515: 2446: 2431: 2410: 2347: 2272: 2248: 2200: 2140: 1931:

List of Massachusetts generals in the American Civil War

1713:

Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts

3579:. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press. 3523:

Occupied City: New Orleans Under the Federals 1862–1865

3506:. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. 2068: 1717:

Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States

1062:

In 1855, Banks agreed to chair the convention of a new

10947:

Speakers of the Massachusetts House of Representatives

10942:

Speakers of the United States House of Representatives

2335: 2044: 2020: 1996: 1158:(portrait by Darius Cobb) succeeded Banks as governor. 1003:. Although Banks did not like the radical Free Soiler 4113:. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press. 4026:. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press. 3669:. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press. 3552:. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press. 3550:

Army Generals and Reconstruction: Louisiana 1862–1877

2080: 1001:

Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives

764:, Banks's abolitionist views drew him to the nascent 119:

Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

4191:

Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

3154: 1907: 1534:

to secure a route that bypassed Port Hudson via the

1499:, and sent a small expedition that briefly occupied 1353:

Banks in his military uniform, c. 1861 (portrait by

1106:

Banks played a key role in 1856 in bringing forward

3613:

Port Hudson, Confederate Bastion on the Mississippi

1946:

Bibliography of American Civil War military leaders

1403:expressed confidence in his leadership. During the 4106: 4019: 3642:. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press. 3499: 2482: 2374: 2008: 1567:In the autumn of 1863, Lincoln and Chief of Staff 10982:People of Massachusetts in the American Civil War 3606:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 1530:Under political pressure to show progress, Banks 10913: 1538:in late March. He was eventually able to reach 4109:Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders 3525:. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky. 8590: 3604:Fighting Politician: Major General N. P. Banks 2556: 2554: 1315:on May 23. This prompted Banks to withdraw to 953: 10315: 10031: 9769: 9392: 8576: 7774:Speakers of the U.S. House of Representatives 7758: 4621: 3664: 3409: 3388: 3376: 3361: 3349: 2690: 2678: 2654: 2545: 2533: 2476: 2464: 2404: 2368: 2314: 2302: 2290: 2266: 2242: 2218: 2194: 2170: 2158: 2134: 2122: 2110: 2098: 2062: 2038: 1990: 1978: 1338: 1259: 4581:U.S. House of Representatives 4546:U.S. House of Representatives 4511:U.S. House of Representatives 4483:Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives 4449:U.S. House of Representatives 4085: 4045:. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press. 3980: 2329: 1369:, which consisted of the commands of Banks, 1295:, which was added to Banks's command. After 1122: 1081:Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives 11007:Republican Party governors of Massachusetts 4153:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography 4090:. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 3958:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 2551: 1926:List of American Civil War generals (Union) 1661: 161:Chairman of the House Republican Conference 27:American politician and general (1816–1894) 10322: 10308: 10038: 10024: 9776: 9762: 9399: 9385: 8583: 8569: 8544: 7765: 7751: 4628: 4614: 4587:Massachusetts's 5th congressional district 4552:Massachusetts's 5th congressional district 4517:Massachusetts's 6th congressional district 4455:Massachusetts's 7th congressional district 3906:The Great Workshop: Boston's Victorian Age 3601: 3337: 3325: 3313: 3301: 3289: 3277: 3265: 3253: 3229: 3217: 3205: 3193: 3172: 3139: 3127: 3115: 3050: 2984: 2900: 2797: 2795: 2749: 2747: 2711: 2696: 2666: 2642: 2605: 2521: 2500: 2452: 2440: 2416: 2392: 2353: 2278: 2254: 2230: 2206: 2182: 2146: 2074: 2050: 2002: 1365:was placed in command of the newly-formed 1167:, which more radical Republicans (notably 370:March 4, 1853 – December 24, 1857 76:January 7, 1858 – January 3, 1861 42: 10977:19th-century American railroad executives 4186:"BANKS, Nathaniel Prentice (id: B000116)" 3951: 3902: 3875: 3766: 3690:. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press. 2341: 2026: 1591:and the Texas outer islands in November. 1282:Banks's division technically belonged to 327:December 4, 1865 – March 3, 1873 131:February 2, 1856 – March 3, 1857 10052:1856 United States presidential election 4358:June 26, 1862 – September 12, 1862 4086:Eicher, John H; Eicher, David J (2001). 3853:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 3848: 3428:. Chicago History Museum. Archived from 1861: 1848: 1682: 1598: 1518: 1418: 1348: 1273: 1207: 1150: 967: 874: 10972:19th-century American newspaper editors 10932:Politicians from Waltham, Massachusetts 4386:December 15, 1862 – September 23, 1864 4017: 3793: 3717:. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources. 3683: 3637: 2792: 2744: 1936:Massachusetts in the American Civil War 1580:on September 8. An expedition sent to 1468: 964:73rd Massachusetts General Court (1852) 960:72nd Massachusetts General Court (1851) 768:, through which he won election to the 14: 10914: 4177:. Vol. 1. 1906. pp. 206–207. 4174:The Biographical Dictionary of America 4104: 3909:. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing. 3712: 3610: 3574: 3547: 3520: 1941:Bibliography of the American Civil War 770:United States House of Representatives 284:March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1879 239:March 4, 1889 – March 3, 1891 173:March 4, 1869 – March 3, 1871 10303: 10019: 9757: 9380: 8564: 7746: 4609: 4074: 3931: 3478: 3447: 3241: 2086: 1594: 887:Nathaniel Prentice Banks was born at 823:, charged with the administration of 10400:Presidency of William Henry Harrison 10373:1860 Constitutional Union Convention 4268:July 25, 1861 – March 18, 1862 4040: 3821: 3800:. Cambridge, MA: Houghton, Mifflin. 3739: 3497: 3394: 3160: 2488: 2428:Pearson, pp. 1:119–120,123–128 2380: 2014: 1898:National Register of Historic Places 1857: 1760:) in order to appeal to his heavily 1722: 1587:of the region near the mouth of the 1377:. By early August this force was in 1085:Banks was chosen on the 133rd ballot 795:appointed Banks as one of the first 4328:April 4, 1862 – June 26, 1862 1853:The gravesite of Nathaniel P. Banks 1414: 658:Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign 24: 11017:19th-century American male writers 4460:March 4, 1853 – December 24, 1857 4418:January 7, 1858 – January 3, 1861 4081:. Springfield, MA: Clark W. Bryan. 4078:Massachusetts in the War 1861–1865 4068: 3939:. Norwood, MA: The Norwood Press. 1774:blockade runners supplying weapons 1165:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry 791:At the outbreak of the Civil War, 776:in the 1850s. At the start of the 25: 11043: 11022:19th-century American politicians 10937:Massachusetts Liberal Republicans 10356:1856 American National Convention 4522:December 4, 1865 – March 3, 1873 4487:February 2, 1856 – March 3, 1857 4147:"Banks, Nathaniel Prentice" 4128: 3824:Education and Learning in America 3485:. Las Vegas, NV: self-published. 1766:Britain in its unofficial support 1752:promoting offers to annex all of 1025:Constitutional Convention of 1853 10004: 9742: 8715: 8543: 8533: 8532: 8457: 4864: 4858: 4333:Command reorganized as II Corps 4160: 3602:Harrington, Fred Harvey (1948). 3415: 3166: 3145: 3083: 3074: 3065: 3056: 1910: 1291:, and the division of Brig. Gen 1239: 1136:. Loring had ruled in 1854 that 548: 10395:Presidency of John Quincy Adams 3767:Patterson, Benton Rain (2014). 3740:Otto, David (August 17, 2010). 3457:. Commonwealth of Massachusetts 3035: 3026: 3017: 3008: 2999: 2990: 2969: 2960: 2951: 2942: 2933: 2924: 2915: 2906: 2885: 2876: 2867: 2858: 2849: 2840: 2831: 2822: 2813: 2804: 2783: 2774: 2765: 2756: 2735: 2726: 2717: 2627: 2611: 2590: 2581: 2572: 2563: 2506: 2422: 512: 11032:Suffragists from Massachusetts 10415:Presidency of Millard Fillmore 4592:March 4, 1889 – March 3, 1891 4557:March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1879 3615:. Baton Rouge, LA: LSU Press. 1963: 1729:1874 Massachusetts legislature 1676:plans of President Lincoln in 13: 1: 9367:indicate acting officeholders 4579:Member of the 4544:Member of the 4509:Member of the 4447:Member of the 4432:U.S. House of Representatives 3932:Smith, Justin Harvey (1903). 3665:Hollandsworth, James (1998). 3611:Hewitt, Lawrence Lee (1994). 3472: 1797:. He spoke out in support of 1691:succeeded Banks in Louisiana. 995:to form a coalition with the 922:on his days off to visit the 870: 222:U.S. House of Representatives 49: 10957:Massachusetts state senators 10410:Presidency of Zachary Taylor 4346:Department of the Shenandoah 4324:Department of the Shenandoah 4305:Department of the Shenandoah 4298:March 18, 1862–4 April 1862 4286:Department of the Shenandoah 4264:Department of the Shenandoah 4043:Lincoln's Political Generals 3880:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. 3771:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. 3742:Insiders Guide to Shreveport 3684:Johnson, Ludwell H (1993) . 3173:David Keys (June 24, 2014). 1578:Second Battle of Sabine Pass 1197: 1034:, which overturned the 1820 903:, responsible for replacing 897:Boston Manufacturing Company 451:Waltham, Massachusetts, U.S. 7: 3983:Journal of American Studies 3955:The Trials of Anthony Burns 3826:. New York: Facts on File. 3744:. Guilford, CT: Footprint. 1903: 1607:opposed Banks in Louisiana. 1014: 972:Banks in 1852, portrait by 954:Antebellum political career 827:and gaining control of the 10: 11048: 8592:Governors of Massachusetts 4856: 3952:Von Frank, Albert (1998). 3849:Richards, Leonard (2015). 3797:The Life of John A. Andrew 1804:In 1872, Banks joined the 1726: 1665: 1610: 1472: 1426: 1345:Northern Virginia Campaign 1342: 1339:Northern Virginia Campaign 1263: 1260:Shenandoah Valley Campaign 1213:The champions of the Union 1201: 1142:Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 957: 680:Northern Virginia Campaign 673:First Battle of Winchester 11012:American male journalists 10874: 10825: 10782: 10727: 10672: 10623: 10614: 10569: 10423: 10341: 10275: 10255: 10228: 10217: 10182: 10155: 10138: 10107: 10080: 10063: 10002: 9791: 9740: 9414: 9360: 8922: 8756: 8724: 8713: 8598: 8466: 8455: 7780: 7720: 7690: 7655: 7625: 7568: 7503: 7438: 7363: 7273: 7118: 6928: 6663: 6408: 6178: 5958: 5763: 5548: 5328: 5073: 4873: 4643: 4594: 4577: 4569: 4559: 4542: 4534: 4524: 4507: 4499: 4489: 4480: 4472: 4462: 4445: 4437: 4430: 4420: 4414:Governor of Massachusetts 4411: 4403: 4398: 4388: 4378: 4370: 4360: 4350: 4341: 4330: 4320: 4311: 4300: 4290: 4281: 4270: 4260: 4252: 4247: 4237: 4221:Governor of Massachusetts 4214: 4206: 4201: 4169:Banks, Nathaniel Prentiss 3995:10.1017/S0021875800020806 3903:Rosenberg, Chaim (2004). 3876:Robertson, Henry (2016). 3638:Hogarty, Richard (2002). 3479:Banks, Raymond H (2005). 1918:American Civil War portal 1806:Liberal-Republican revolt 1739:Foreign Affairs Committee 1556:laid siege to Port Hudson 1405:Second Battle of Bull Run 1301:First Battle of Kernstown 1266:Jackson's Valley Campaign 1188:Illinois Central Railroad 1179:. His attempt to promote 1129:Governor of Massachusetts 1123:Governor of Massachusetts 831:. He failed to reinforce 774:Governor of Massachusetts 731: 690:Second Battle of Bull Run 663:First Battle of Kernstown 645: 619: 609: 601: 580: 561: 556: 544: 533: 522: 496: 455: 441: 417: 412: 408: 398: 386: 374: 363: 353: 341: 331: 320: 310: 298: 288: 277: 267: 255: 243: 232: 218: 206: 193: 183: 166: 159: 147: 135: 124: 116: 104: 92: 80: 69: 64:Governor of Massachusetts 61: 57: 41: 34: 10405:Presidency of John Tyler 4344:Himself as Commander of 4314:Himself as commander of 4284:Himself as Commander of 4202:Party political offices 4184:United States Congress. 3822:Reef, Catherine (2009). 3575:Dupree, Stephen (2008). 3093:. MOLLUS. Archived from 1957: 1662:Louisiana Reconstruction 1392:Battle of Cedar Mountain 1097:caning of Charles Sumner 1044:North American continent 839:, and badly handled the 797:political major generals 685:Battle of Cedar Mountain 422:Nathaniel Prentice Banks 4303:Command reorganized as 4273:Command reorganized as 4105:Warner, Ezra J (1964). 4088:Civil War High Commands 4075:Bowen, James L (1889). 3794:Pearson, Henry (1904). 3548:Dawson, Joseph (1994). 3521:Capers, Gerald (2015). 1882:Winthrop, Massachusetts 1750:Annexation Bill of 1866 1640:was turned back in the 1634:Battle of Pleasant Hill 1503:but was evicted in the 1299:was turned back at the 1127:In 1857, Banks ran for 807:Valley at the hands of 719:Battle of Pleasant Hill 11027:American abolitionists 10967:United States Marshals 10896:Alexander H. H. Stuart 4382:Department of the Gulf 4352:Commander of II Corps 4135:Website of Banks links 1874: 1872:Waltham, Massachusetts 1854: 1692: 1608: 1532:embarked on operations 1527: 1523:1860s map showing the 1493:Port Hudson, Louisiana 1489:Vicksburg, Mississippi 1455:Department of the Gulf 1453:, as commander of the 1424: 1358: 1279: 1220: 1217:General Winfield Scott 1159: 1146:William Lloyd Garrison 1074:At the opening of the 1021:United States Congress 976: 889:Waltham, Massachusetts 884: 821:Department of the Gulf 627:Army of the Shenandoah 435:Waltham, Massachusetts 10890:Thomas M. T. McKennan 8491:Democratic-Republican 4041:Work, David (2012) . 4018:Tunnell, Ted (1984). 3713:Joiner, Gary (2002). 3244:, pp. 1312–1317. 3151:Richards, pp. 219–221 1865: 1852: 1831:United States marshal 1829:appointed Banks as a 1756:(effectively today's 1754:British North America 1686: 1638:Little Rock, Arkansas 1602: 1540:Alexandria, Louisiana 1522: 1463:Secretary of the Navy 1422: 1352: 1313:Battle of Front Royal 1277: 1211: 1154: 971: 878: 865:United States marshal 668:Battle of Front Royal 602:Years of service 502:Mary Theodosia Palmer 175:Serving with 10368:Constitutional Union 10280:Other 1856 elections 10098:John C. Breckinridge 8450: (2023–present) 4140:Infoplease biography 2732:Patterson, pp. 76–77 1951:James Kendall Hosmer 1748:. He introduced the 1705:William Farrar Smith 1603:Confederate General 1525:Siege of Port Hudson 1507:on January 1, 1863. 1483:to join forces with 1475:Siege of Port Hudson 1469:Siege of Port Hudson 1009:United States Senate 974:Southworth and Hawes 841:Siege of Port Hudson 819:as commander of the 799:, over the heads of 782:Speaker of the House 702:Siege of Port Hudson 10962:Union Army generals 10712:William M. Meredith 10527:1848 (Philadelphia) 10385:Second Party System 10331:National Republican 8497:National Republican 8479:Anti-Administration 4364:Alpheus S. Williams 3498:Baum, Dale (1984). 3391:, pp. 251–252. 3379:, pp. 252–253. 3364:, pp. 249–250. 3352:, pp. 248–249. 3340:, pp. 206–207. 3316:, pp. 204–205. 3292:, pp. 198–201. 3268:, pp. 188–190. 3232:, pp. 182–183. 3196:, pp. 175–178. 3118:, pp. 169–170. 3071:Capers, pp. 117–119 3053:, pp. 163–165. 2987:, pp. 108–110. 2903:, pp. 160–162. 2837:Hewitt, pp. 174–178 2332:, pp. 173–174. 1868:Henry Hudson Kitson 1866:Statue of Banks by 1844:Grove Hill Cemetery 1827:Rutherford B. Hayes 1630:Battle of Mansfield 1505:Battle of Galveston 1036:Missouri Compromise 1032:Kansas–Nebraska Act 932:temperance movement 882:Library of Congress 756:general during the 714:Battle of Mansfield 18:Major General Banks 10853:William B. Preston 10835:Samuel L. Southard 10816:John J. Crittenden 10798:John J. Crittenden 10767:George W. Crawford 10363:Anti-Masonic Party 10246:Andrew J. Donelson 10205:Robert F. Stockton 10190:Nathaniel P. Banks 10120:Stephen A. Douglas 8976:Governor's Council 8886:Governor's Council 8807:Governor's Council 8795:Governor's Council 8473:Pro-Administration 4399:Political offices 4392:Stephen A. Hurlbut 4241:John Albion Andrew 3410:Hollandsworth 1998 3389:Hollandsworth 1998 3377:Hollandsworth 1998 3362:Hollandsworth 1998 3350:Hollandsworth 1998 2714:, pp. 94–103. 2691:Hollandsworth 1998 2679:Hollandsworth 1998 2655:Hollandsworth 1998 2546:Hollandsworth 1998 2534:Hollandsworth 1998 2477:Hollandsworth 1998 2465:Hollandsworth 1998 2405:Hollandsworth 1998 2369:Hollandsworth 1998 2315:Hollandsworth 1998 2303:Hollandsworth 1998 2291:Hollandsworth 1998 2267:Hollandsworth 1998 2243:Hollandsworth 1998 2219:Hollandsworth 1998 2195:Hollandsworth 1998 2171:Hollandsworth 1998 2159:Hollandsworth 1998 2135:Hollandsworth 1998 2123:Hollandsworth 1998 2111:Hollandsworth 1998 2099:Hollandsworth 1998 2063:Hollandsworth 1998 2039:Hollandsworth 1998 1991:Hollandsworth 1998 1979:Hollandsworth 1998 1875: 1855: 1799:Cuban independence 1795:Dominican Republic 1791:Danish West Indies 1693: 1655:William T. Sherman 1619:Red River Campaign 1613:Red River Campaign 1609: 1595:Red River Campaign 1585:secured possession 1528: 1425: 1361:In July, Maj. Gen 1359: 1280: 1270:Peninsula Campaign 1221: 1204:American Civil War 1169:John Albion Andrew 1160: 1156:John Albion Andrew 1076:34th U.S. Congress 993:George S. Boutwell 977: 940:Robert Rantoul Jr. 885: 845:Red River Campaign 738:Nathaniel Prentice 709:Red River Campaign 697:Vicksburg Campaign 653:American Civil War 588:United States Army 481:Liberal Republican 154:James Lawrence Orr 111:John Albion Andrew 36:Nathaniel P. Banks 10909: 10908: 10905: 10904: 10859:William A. Graham 10773:Charles M. Conrad 10501:1839 (Harrisburg) 10297: 10296: 10271: 10270: 10213: 10212: 10173:William L. Dayton 10134: 10133: 10013: 10012: 9751: 9750: 9374: 9373: 8558: 8557: 8414: (2019–2023) 8404: (2015–2019) 8394: (2011–2015) 8384: (2007–2011) 8374: (1999–2007) 8364: (1995–1999) 8354: (1989–1995) 8344: (1987–1989) 8334: (1977–1987) 8324: (1971–1977) 8314: (1962–1971) 8304: (1955–1961) 8294: (1953–1955) 8284: (1949–1953) 8274: (1947–1949) 8264: (1940–1947) 8254: (1936–1940) 8244: (1935–1936) 8234: (1933–1934) 8224: (1931–1933) 8214: (1925–1931) 8204: (1919–1925) 8194: (1911–1919) 8184: (1903–1911) 8174: (1899–1903) 8164: (1895–1899) 8154: (1891–1895) 8144: (1889–1891) 8134: (1883–1889) 8124: (1881–1883) 8114: (1876–1881) 8104: (1875–1876) 8094: (1869–1875) 8074: (1863–1869) 8064: (1861–1863) 8054: (1860–1861) 8044: (1857–1859) 8034: (1856–1857) 8024: (1851–1855) 8014: (1849–1851) 8004: (1847–1849) 7994: (1845–1847) 7984: (1843–1845) 7974: (1841–1843) 7964: (1839–1841) 7954: (1835–1839) 7941: (1834–1835) 7931: (1827–1834) 7921: (1825–1827) 7911: (1823–1825) 7901: (1821–1823) 7891: (1820–1821) 7881: (1815–1820) 7871: (1814–1815) 7861: (1811–1814) 7851: (1807–1811) 7841: (1801–1807) 7831: (1799–1801) 7821: (1795–1799) 7811: (1793–1795) 7801: (1791–1793) 7791: (1789–1791) 7740: 7739: 6730:H. A. S. Dearborn 6305:J. M. S. Williams 4604: 4603: 4595:Succeeded by 4560:Succeeded by 4525:Succeeded by 4490:Succeeded by 4463:Succeeded by 4421:Succeeded by 4389:Succeeded by 4380:Commander of the 4361:Succeeded by 4331:Succeeded by 4322:Commander of the 4301:Succeeded by 4271:Succeeded by 4262:Commander of the 4248:Military offices 4238:Succeeded by 4052:978-0-252-07861-3 4033:978-0-8071-1803-0 3965:978-0-674-03954-4 3916:978-0-7385-2468-9 3887:978-1-4766-2447-1 3860:978-0-226-17820-2 3833:978-1-4381-2690-6 3778:978-0-7864-7857-6 3751:978-0-7627-6340-5 3724:978-0-8420-2936-0 3697:978-0-87338-486-5 3649:978-1-55849-362-9 3622:978-0-8071-1961-7 3586:978-1-58544-641-4 3559:978-0-8071-1960-0 3532:978-0-8131-6237-9 3513:978-0-8078-1588-5 3423:"Chicago Streets" 3062:Dawson, pp. 19–23 3014:Dawson, pp. 16–18 2975:Dawson, pp. 11–14 2939:Robertson, p. 168 2912:Work, pp. 123–124 2891:Work, pp. 123–128 2873:Johnson, pp. 1–36 2864:Dupree, pp. 70–74 2855:Dupree, pp. 55–61 2846:Dupree, pp. 49–51 2810:Dupree, pp. 44–47 2780:Dupree, pp. 42–44 2771:Dupree, pp. 41–44 2762:Dupree, pp. 32–33 2741:Dupree, pp. 25–30 2693:, pp. 84–86. 2681:, pp. 83–85. 2569:Work, pp. 160–161 2560:Harris, pp. 66–80 2548:, pp. 46–48. 2536:, pp. 44–45. 2503:, pp. 52–53. 2407:, pp. 40–41. 2395:, pp. 47–48. 2371:, pp. 37–38. 2330:Voss-Hubbard 1995 2317:, pp. 34–35. 2305:, pp. 30–33. 2269:, pp. 25–27. 2233:, pp. 23–25. 2221:, pp. 22–23. 2197:, pp. 20–21. 2185:, pp. 18–21. 2173:, pp. 16–17. 2161:, pp. 15–16. 2137:, pp. 13–14. 2113:, pp. 10–11. 1858:Legacy and honors 1723:Postbellum career 1642:Camden Expedition 1481:Mississippi River 1396:flanking maneuver 1297:Stonewall Jackson 859:, influenced the 829:Mississippi River 811:, Banks replaced 809:Stonewall Jackson 780:, he was elected 735: 734: 489:(1873–1891) 483:(1872–1873) 477:(1857–1872) 471:(1854–1857) 465:(1844–1854) 445:September 1, 1894 200:Justin S. Morrill 177:Robert C. Schenck 16:(Redirected from 11039: 10841:George E. Badger 10784:Attorney General 10621: 10620: 10553:1856 (Baltimore) 10540:1852 (Baltimore) 10514:1844 (Baltimore) 10448:1831 (Baltimore) 10380:Opposition Party 10324: 10317: 10310: 10301: 10300: 10256:Other candidates 10244:Vice President: 10238:Millard Fillmore 10226: 10225: 10183:Other candidates 10171:Vice President: 10153: 10152: 10141:Republican Party 10108:Other candidates 10096:Vice President: 10078: 10077: 10066:Democratic Party 10040: 10033: 10026: 10017: 10016: 10008: 9986:McMorris Rodgers 9778: 9771: 9764: 9755: 9754: 9746: 9401: 9394: 9387: 9378: 9377: 8928: 8762: 8730: 8719: 8718: 8604: 8585: 8578: 8571: 8562: 8561: 8547: 8546: 8536: 8535: 8526: 8520: 8514: 8508: 8502: 8496: 8490: 8484: 8478: 8472: 8461: 8460: 8445: 8429: 8419: 8409: 8399: 8389: 8379: 8369: 8359: 8349: 8339: 8329: 8319: 8309: 8299: 8289: 8279: 8269: 8259: 8249: 8239: 8229: 8219: 8209: 8199: 8189: 8179: 8169: 8159: 8149: 8139: 8129: 8119: 8109: 8099: 8089: 8079: 8069: 8059: 8049: 8039: 8029: 8019: 8009: 7999: 7989: 7979: 7969: 7959: 7949: 7946: 7936: 7926: 7916: 7906: 7896: 7886: 7876: 7866: 7856: 7846: 7836: 7826: 7816: 7806: 7796: 7786: 7767: 7760: 7753: 7744: 7743: 7725: 7695: 7660: 7630: 7573: 7508: 7443: 7368: 7278: 7123: 6933: 6668: 6413: 6183: 5963: 5768: 5553: 5333: 5078: 4955:B. Crowninshield 4920:J. Crowninshield 4878: 4868: 4867: 4862: 4861: 4648: 4630: 4623: 4616: 4607: 4606: 4589: 4573:Edward D. Hayden 4570:Preceded by 4563:Selwyn Z. Bowman 4554: 4535:Preceded by 4519: 4500:Preceded by 4473:Preceded by 4457: 4441:John Z. Goodrich 4438:Preceded by 4407:Henry J. Gardner 4404:Preceded by 4371:Preceded by 4354:Army of Virginia 4342:Preceded by 4335:Army of Virginia 4312:Preceded by 4282:Preceded by 4256:Robert Patterson 4253:Preceded by 4207:Preceded by 4199: 4198: 4195: 4178: 4164: 4163: 4157: 4149: 4124: 4112: 4101: 4082: 4064: 4037: 4025: 4014: 3977: 3948: 3928: 3899: 3872: 3845: 3809: 3790: 3763: 3736: 3709: 3680: 3661: 3634: 3607: 3598: 3571: 3544: 3517: 3505: 3494: 3467: 3466: 3464: 3462: 3451: 3445: 3444: 3442: 3440: 3435:on July 25, 2011 3434: 3427: 3419: 3413: 3407: 3401: 3398: 3392: 3386: 3380: 3374: 3365: 3359: 3353: 3347: 3341: 3335: 3329: 3323: 3317: 3311: 3305: 3299: 3293: 3287: 3281: 3275: 3269: 3263: 3257: 3251: 3245: 3239: 3233: 3227: 3221: 3215: 3209: 3203: 3197: 3191: 3185: 3184: 3170: 3164: 3158: 3152: 3149: 3143: 3137: 3131: 3125: 3119: 3113: 3107: 3106: 3104: 3102: 3097:on March 4, 2016 3087: 3081: 3078: 3072: 3069: 3063: 3060: 3054: 3048: 3042: 3039: 3033: 3030: 3024: 3021: 3015: 3012: 3006: 3003: 2997: 2994: 2988: 2982: 2976: 2973: 2967: 2964: 2958: 2955: 2949: 2946: 2940: 2937: 2931: 2928: 2922: 2921:Robertson, pp. 4 2919: 2913: 2910: 2904: 2898: 2892: 2889: 2883: 2880: 2874: 2871: 2865: 2862: 2856: 2853: 2847: 2844: 2838: 2835: 2829: 2828:Patterson, p. 84 2826: 2820: 2817: 2811: 2808: 2802: 2799: 2790: 2787: 2781: 2778: 2772: 2769: 2763: 2760: 2754: 2751: 2742: 2739: 2733: 2730: 2724: 2721: 2715: 2709: 2703: 2700: 2694: 2688: 2682: 2676: 2670: 2664: 2658: 2652: 2646: 2640: 2634: 2631: 2625: 2615: 2609: 2603: 2597: 2594: 2588: 2585: 2579: 2576: 2570: 2567: 2561: 2558: 2549: 2543: 2537: 2531: 2525: 2519: 2513: 2510: 2504: 2498: 2492: 2486: 2480: 2474: 2468: 2462: 2456: 2450: 2444: 2438: 2429: 2426: 2420: 2414: 2408: 2402: 2396: 2390: 2384: 2378: 2372: 2366: 2357: 2351: 2345: 2339: 2333: 2327: 2318: 2312: 2306: 2300: 2294: 2288: 2282: 2276: 2270: 2264: 2258: 2252: 2246: 2240: 2234: 2228: 2222: 2216: 2210: 2204: 2198: 2192: 2186: 2180: 2174: 2168: 2162: 2156: 2150: 2144: 2138: 2132: 2126: 2120: 2114: 2108: 2102: 2096: 2090: 2089:, pp. 9–25. 2084: 2078: 2072: 2066: 2060: 2054: 2048: 2042: 2036: 2030: 2024: 2018: 2012: 2006: 2000: 1994: 1988: 1982: 1976: 1970: 1967: 1920: 1915: 1914: 1913: 1894:Gale-Banks House 1746:Manifest destiny 1561:Franklin Gardner 1501:Galveston, Texas 1485:Ulysses S. Grant 1435:Army of the Gulf 1429:Army of the Gulf 1415:Army of the Gulf 1367:Army of Virginia 1319:, where Jackson 1289:Alpheus Williams 1284:George McClellan 1134:Edward G. Loring 1113:Millard Fillmore 1089:Opposition Party 1064:Republican Party 1057:Henry J. Gardner 1040:Manifest Destiny 936:Democratic Party 924:Atheneum Library 857:Manifest Destiny 805:Shenandoah River 766:Republican Party 762:Democratic Party 637:Army of the Gulf 557:Military service 552: 538:Military officer 516: 514: 448: 432:January 30, 1816 431: 429: 413:Personal details 389: 381:John Z. Goodrich 377: 368: 344: 334: 325: 305:Selwyn Z. Bowman 301: 291: 282: 258: 250:Edward D. Hayden 246: 237: 209: 196: 171: 150: 138: 129: 107: 95: 74: 51: 46: 32: 31: 21: 11047: 11046: 11042: 11041: 11040: 11038: 11037: 11036: 10912: 10911: 10910: 10901: 10870: 10865:John P. Kennedy 10821: 10810:Reverdy Johnson 10778: 10761:James M. Porter 10755:John C. Spencer 10743:Peter B. Porter 10723: 10700:John C. Spencer 10668: 10651:John M. Clayton 10610: 10572: 10565: 10426: 10419: 10346:American System 10337: 10328: 10298: 10293: 10267: 10251: 10209: 10195:Abraham Lincoln 10178: 10165:John C. Frémont 10144: 10130: 10125:Franklin Pierce 10103: 10069: 10059: 10044: 10014: 10009: 10000: 9787: 9782: 9752: 9747: 9738: 9410: 9405: 9375: 9370: 9356: 8926: 8925: 8918: 8760: 8759: 8752: 8728: 8727: 8720: 8716: 8711: 8602: 8601: 8594: 8589: 8559: 8554: 8524: 8518: 8512: 8506: 8500: 8494: 8488: 8482: 8476: 8470: 8462: 8458: 8453: 8443: 8427: 8417: 8407: 8397: 8387: 8377: 8367: 8357: 8347: 8337: 8327: 8317: 8307: 8297: 8287: 8277: 8267: 8257: 8247: 8237: 8227: 8217: 8207: 8197: 8187: 8177: 8167: 8157: 8147: 8137: 8127: 8117: 8107: 8097: 8087: 8077: 8067: 8057: 8047: 8037: 8027: 8017: 8007: 7997: 7987: 7977: 7967: 7957: 7947: 7944: 7934: 7924: 7914: 7904: 7894: 7884: 7874: 7864: 7854: 7844: 7834: 7824: 7814: 7804: 7794: 7784: 7776: 7771: 7741: 7736: 7716: 7686: 7651: 7621: 7564: 7499: 7434: 7359: 7269: 7114: 6924: 6659: 6404: 6174: 5954: 5759: 5544: 5324: 5069: 4869: 4865: 4863: 4859: 4854: 4639: 4634: 4600: 4591: 4583: 4575: 4565: 4556: 4548: 4540: 4538:Daniel W. Gooch 4530: 4528:Benjamin Butler 4521: 4513: 4505: 4503:Daniel W. Gooch 4495: 4486: 4478: 4468: 4466:Daniel W. Gooch 4459: 4451: 4443: 4426: 4417: 4409: 4394: 4385: 4376: 4374:Benjamin Butler 4366: 4357: 4348: 4337: 4327: 4318: 4307: 4297: 4288: 4277: 4267: 4258: 4243: 4224: 4212: 4166: 4161: 4144: 4131: 4121: 4098: 4071: 4069:Further reading 4053: 4034: 3966: 3917: 3888: 3861: 3834: 3779: 3752: 3725: 3698: 3677: 3650: 3623: 3587: 3560: 3533: 3514: 3475: 3470: 3460: 3458: 3453: 3452: 3448: 3438: 3436: 3432: 3425: 3421: 3420: 3416: 3408: 3404: 3399: 3395: 3387: 3383: 3375: 3368: 3360: 3356: 3348: 3344: 3338:Harrington 1948 3336: 3332: 3326:Harrington 1948 3324: 3320: 3314:Harrington 1948 3312: 3308: 3302:Harrington 1948 3300: 3296: 3290:Harrington 1948 3288: 3284: 3278:Harrington 1948 3276: 3272: 3266:Harrington 1948 3264: 3260: 3254:Harrington 1948 3252: 3248: 3240: 3236: 3230:Harrington 1948 3228: 3224: 3218:Harrington 1948 3216: 3212: 3206:Harrington 1948 3204: 3200: 3194:Harrington 1948 3192: 3188: 3180:The Independent 3171: 3167: 3159: 3155: 3150: 3146: 3140:Harrington 1948 3138: 3134: 3128:Harrington 1948 3126: 3122: 3116:Harrington 1948 3114: 3110: 3100: 3098: 3089: 3088: 3084: 3080:Smith, p. xxvii 3079: 3075: 3070: 3066: 3061: 3057: 3051:Harrington 1948 3049: 3045: 3040: 3036: 3031: 3027: 3022: 3018: 3013: 3009: 3004: 3000: 2995: 2991: 2985:Harrington 1948 2983: 2979: 2974: 2970: 2965: 2961: 2956: 2952: 2947: 2943: 2938: 2934: 2929: 2925: 2920: 2916: 2911: 2907: 2901:Harrington 1948 2899: 2895: 2890: 2886: 2881: 2877: 2872: 2868: 2863: 2859: 2854: 2850: 2845: 2841: 2836: 2832: 2827: 2823: 2818: 2814: 2809: 2805: 2800: 2793: 2788: 2784: 2779: 2775: 2770: 2766: 2761: 2757: 2752: 2745: 2740: 2736: 2731: 2727: 2722: 2718: 2712:Harrington 1948 2710: 2706: 2702:Winters, p. 146 2701: 2697: 2689: 2685: 2677: 2673: 2667:Harrington 1948 2665: 2661: 2653: 2649: 2643:Harrington 1948 2641: 2637: 2632: 2628: 2616: 2612: 2606:Harrington 1948 2604: 2600: 2596:Work, pp. 61–63 2595: 2591: 2587:Work, pp. 60–61 2586: 2582: 2578:Work, pp. 58–59 2577: 2573: 2568: 2564: 2559: 2552: 2544: 2540: 2532: 2528: 2522:Harrington 1948 2520: 2516: 2512:Work, pp. 10–11 2511: 2507: 2501:Harrington 1948 2499: 2495: 2487: 2483: 2475: 2471: 2463: 2459: 2453:Harrington 1948 2451: 2447: 2441:Harrington 1948 2439: 2432: 2427: 2423: 2417:Harrington 1948 2415: 2411: 2403: 2399: 2393:Harrington 1948 2391: 2387: 2379: 2375: 2367: 2360: 2354:Harrington 1948 2352: 2348: 2340: 2336: 2328: 2321: 2313: 2309: 2301: 2297: 2289: 2285: 2279:Harrington 1948 2277: 2273: 2265: 2261: 2255:Harrington 1948 2253: 2249: 2241: 2237: 2231:Harrington 1948 2229: 2225: 2217: 2213: 2207:Harrington 1948 2205: 2201: 2193: 2189: 2183:Harrington 1948 2181: 2177: 2169: 2165: 2157: 2153: 2147:Harrington 1948 2145: 2141: 2133: 2129: 2121: 2117: 2109: 2105: 2097: 2093: 2085: 2081: 2075:Harrington 1948 2073: 2069: 2065:, pp. 8–9. 2061: 2057: 2051:Harrington 1948 2049: 2045: 2041:, pp. 5–8. 2037: 2033: 2025: 2021: 2013: 2009: 2003:Harrington 1948 2001: 1997: 1989: 1985: 1977: 1973: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1916: 1911: 1909: 1906: 1860: 1840:McLean Hospital 1814:Daniel W. Gooch 1782:Alaska Purchase 1735:Daniel W. Gooch 1731: 1725: 1670: 1664: 1623:Mobile, Alabama 1615: 1597: 1477: 1471: 1443:Benjamin Butler 1431: 1417: 1379:Culpeper County 1347: 1341: 1272: 1264:Main articles: 1262: 1242: 1232:(Maj. Gen.) of 1225:Abraham Lincoln 1206: 1200: 1125: 1108:John C. Frémont 1093:Kansas conflict 1069:Portland, Maine 1017: 997:Free Soil Party 966: 956: 873: 861:Alaska Purchase 813:Benjamin Butler 793:Abraham Lincoln 727: 641: 605:1861–1865 597: 576: 518: 515: 1847) 510: 506: 503: 492: 456:Political party 450: 446: 433: 427: 425: 424: 423: 393:Daniel W. Gooch 387: 375: 369: 364: 348:Benjamin Butler 342: 337:Daniel W. Gooch 332: 326: 321: 299: 294:Daniel W. Gooch 289: 283: 278: 256: 244: 238: 233: 224: 220: 207: 194: 188:James G. Blaine 179: 172: 167: 148: 136: 130: 125: 105: 93: 87:Eliphalet Trask 75: 70: 53: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11045: 11035: 11034: 11029: 11024: 11019: 11014: 11009: 11004: 10999: 10994: 10989: 10984: 10979: 10974: 10969: 10964: 10959: 10954: 10949: 10944: 10939: 10934: 10929: 10924: 10907: 10906: 10903: 10902: 10900: 10899: 10893: 10887: 10880: 10878: 10872: 10871: 10869: 10868: 10862: 10856: 10850: 10847:Abel P. Upshur 10844: 10838: 10831: 10829: 10823: 10822: 10820: 10819: 10813: 10807: 10801: 10795: 10788: 10786: 10780: 10779: 10777: 10776: 10770: 10764: 10758: 10752: 10746: 10740: 10733: 10731: 10725: 10724: 10722: 10721: 10715: 10709: 10706:George M. Bibb 10703: 10697: 10694:Walter Forward 10691: 10685: 10678: 10676: 10670: 10669: 10667: 10666: 10663:Edward Everett 10660: 10657:Daniel Webster 10654: 10648: 10645:Abel P. Upshur 10642: 10639:Daniel Webster 10636: 10629: 10627: 10618: 10612: 10611: 10609: 10608: 10602: 10596: 10590: 10584: 10577: 10575: 10567: 10566: 10564: 10563: 10550: 10537: 10524: 10511: 10498: 10489: 10480: 10471: 10458: 10445: 10431: 10429: 10421: 10420: 10418: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10392: 10387: 10382: 10377: 10376: 10375: 10365: 10360: 10359: 10358: 10351:American Party 10348: 10342: 10339: 10338: 10327: 10326: 10319: 10312: 10304: 10295: 10294: 10292: 10291: 10286: 10276: 10273: 10272: 10269: 10268: 10266: 10265: 10259: 10257: 10253: 10252: 10250: 10249: 10241: 10232: 10230: 10223: 10220:American Party 10215: 10214: 10211: 10210: 10208: 10207: 10202: 10197: 10192: 10186: 10184: 10180: 10179: 10177: 10176: 10168: 10159: 10157: 10150: 10136: 10135: 10132: 10131: 10129: 10128: 10122: 10117: 10111: 10109: 10105: 10104: 10102: 10101: 10093: 10090:James Buchanan 10084: 10082: 10075: 10061: 10060: 10043: 10042: 10035: 10028: 10020: 10011: 10010: 10003: 10001: 9999: 9998: 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Lincoln Jr. 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5556: 5554: 5546: 5545: 5543: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5365:L. Lincoln Sr. 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5336: 5334: 5326: 5325: 5323: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5081: 5079: 5071: 5070: 5068: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4887: 4881: 4879: 4871: 4870: 4857: 4855: 4853: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4707: 4702: 4697: 4692: 4687: 4682: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4651: 4649: 4641: 4640: 4633: 4632: 4625: 4618: 4610: 4602: 4601: 4596: 4593: 4576: 4571: 4567: 4566: 4561: 4558: 4541: 4536: 4532: 4531: 4526: 4523: 4506: 4501: 4497: 4496: 4491: 4488: 4479: 4474: 4470: 4469: 4464: 4461: 4444: 4439: 4435: 4434: 4428: 4427: 4424:John A. Andrew 4422: 4419: 4410: 4405: 4401: 4400: 4396: 4395: 4390: 4387: 4377: 4372: 4368: 4367: 4362: 4359: 4349: 4343: 4339: 4338: 4332: 4329: 4319: 4313: 4309: 4308: 4302: 4299: 4289: 4283: 4279: 4278: 4272: 4269: 4259: 4254: 4250: 4249: 4245: 4244: 4239: 4236: 4213: 4208: 4204: 4203: 4197: 4196: 4180: 4179: 4158: 4142: 4137: 4130: 4129:External links 4127: 4126: 4125: 4119: 4102: 4096: 4083: 4070: 4067: 4066: 4065: 4051: 4038: 4032: 4015: 3989:(2): 159–184. 3978: 3964: 3949: 3929: 3915: 3900: 3886: 3873: 3859: 3846: 3832: 3819: 3791: 3777: 3764: 3750: 3737: 3723: 3710: 3696: 3681: 3675: 3662: 3648: 3635: 3621: 3608: 3599: 3585: 3572: 3558: 3545: 3531: 3518: 3512: 3495: 3474: 3471: 3469: 3468: 3446: 3414: 3412:, p. 254. 3402: 3393: 3381: 3366: 3354: 3342: 3330: 3328:, p. 205. 3318: 3306: 3304:, p. 203. 3294: 3282: 3280:, p. 191. 3270: 3258: 3256:, p. 183. 3246: 3234: 3222: 3220:, p. 181. 3210: 3208:, p. 180. 3198: 3186: 3165: 3163:, p. 169. 3153: 3144: 3142:, p. 171. 3132: 3130:, p. 175. 3120: 3108: 3082: 3073: 3064: 3055: 3043: 3034: 3032:Tunnell, p. 79 3025: 3016: 3007: 3005:Tunnell, p. 30 2998: 2989: 2977: 2968: 2959: 2957:Joiner, p. 160 2950: 2941: 2932: 2923: 2914: 2905: 2893: 2884: 2875: 2866: 2857: 2848: 2839: 2830: 2821: 2812: 2803: 2791: 2782: 2773: 2764: 2755: 2743: 2734: 2725: 2716: 2704: 2695: 2683: 2671: 2659: 2647: 2635: 2626: 2610: 2598: 2589: 2580: 2571: 2562: 2550: 2538: 2526: 2514: 2505: 2493: 2481: 2469: 2457: 2445: 2430: 2421: 2409: 2397: 2385: 2373: 2358: 2346: 2342:Von Frank 1998 2334: 2319: 2307: 2295: 2283: 2271: 2259: 2247: 2235: 2223: 2211: 2199: 2187: 2175: 2163: 2151: 2139: 2127: 2115: 2103: 2091: 2079: 2067: 2055: 2043: 2031: 2027:Rosenberg 2004 2019: 2017:, p. 327. 2007: 1995: 1983: 1971: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1955: 1954: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1922: 1921: 1905: 1902: 1886:Central Square 1859: 1856: 1810:Horace Greeley 1808:in support of 1778:Charles Sumner 1762:Irish-American 1724: 1721: 1674:Reconstruction 1663: 1660: 1611:Main article: 1605:Richard Taylor 1596: 1593: 1544:Richard Taylor 1513:David Farragut 1473:Main article: 1470: 1467: 1427:Main article: 1416: 1413: 1388:Cedar Mountain 1371:Irvin McDowell 1343:Main article: 1340: 1337: 1333:Irvin McDowell 1321:again attacked 1261: 1258: 1254:John Adams Dix 1250:Washington, DC 1241: 1238: 1230:major generals 1202:Main article: 1199: 1196: 1181:Henry L. Dawes 1177:Vice President 1124: 1121: 1117:James Buchanan 1016: 1013: 1005:Charles Sumner 955: 952: 948:Port of Boston 928:Daniel Webster 872: 869: 733: 732: 729: 728: 726: 725: 724: 723: 722: 721: 716: 706: 705: 704: 694: 693: 692: 687: 677: 676: 675: 670: 665: 649: 647: 643: 642: 640: 639: 634: 629: 623: 621: 617: 616: 611: 607: 606: 603: 599: 598: 596: 595: 590: 584: 582: 581:Branch/service 578: 577: 575: 574: 569: 565: 563: 559: 558: 554: 553: 546: 542: 541: 535: 531: 530: 524: 520: 519: 508: 504: 501: 500: 498: 494: 493: 491: 490: 484: 478: 472: 466: 459: 457: 453: 452: 449:(aged 78) 443: 439: 438: 421: 419: 415: 414: 410: 409: 406: 405: 400: 396: 395: 390: 384: 383: 378: 372: 371: 361: 360: 355: 351: 350: 345: 339: 338: 335: 329: 328: 318: 317: 312: 308: 307: 302: 296: 295: 292: 286: 285: 275: 274: 269: 265: 264: 259: 253: 252: 247: 241: 240: 230: 229: 216: 215: 210: 204: 203: 197: 191: 190: 185: 181: 180: 174: 164: 163: 157: 156: 151: 145: 144: 139: 133: 132: 122: 121: 114: 113: 108: 102: 101: 96: 90: 89: 84: 78: 77: 67: 66: 59: 58: 55: 54: 47: 39: 38: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11044: 11033: 11030: 11028: 11025: 11023: 11020: 11018: 11015: 11013: 11010: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11000: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10990: 10988: 10985: 10983: 10980: 10978: 10975: 10973: 10970: 10968: 10965: 10963: 10960: 10958: 10955: 10953: 10950: 10948: 10945: 10943: 10940: 10938: 10935: 10933: 10930: 10928: 10925: 10923: 10920: 10919: 10917: 10897: 10894: 10891: 10888: 10885: 10882: 10881: 10879: 10877: 10873: 10866: 10863: 10860: 10857: 10854: 10851: 10848: 10845: 10842: 10839: 10836: 10833: 10832: 10830: 10828: 10824: 10817: 10814: 10811: 10808: 10805: 10802: 10799: 10796: 10793: 10790: 10789: 10787: 10785: 10781: 10774: 10771: 10768: 10765: 10762: 10759: 10756: 10753: 10750: 10747: 10744: 10741: 10738: 10737:James Barbour 10735: 10734: 10732: 10730: 10726: 10719: 10718:Thomas Corwin 10716: 10713: 10710: 10707: 10704: 10701: 10698: 10695: 10692: 10689: 10686: 10683: 10680: 10679: 10677: 10675: 10671: 10664: 10661: 10658: 10655: 10652: 10649: 10646: 10643: 10640: 10637: 10634: 10631: 10630: 10628: 10626: 10622: 10619: 10617: 10613: 10606: 10603: 10600: 10597: 10594: 10591: 10588: 10585: 10582: 10579: 10578: 10576: 10574: 10568: 10562: 10558: 10554: 10551: 10549: 10545: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10532: 10528: 10525: 10523: 10522:Frelinghuysen 10519: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10506: 10502: 10499: 10497: 10493: 10490: 10488: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10475: 10472: 10470: 10466: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10453: 10449: 10446: 10444: 10440: 10436: 10433: 10432: 10430: 10428: 10422: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10381: 10378: 10374: 10371: 10370: 10369: 10366: 10364: 10361: 10357: 10354: 10353: 10352: 10349: 10347: 10344: 10343: 10340: 10336: 10332: 10325: 10320: 10318: 10313: 10311: 10306: 10305: 10302: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10281: 10278: 10277: 10274: 10264: 10261: 10260: 10258: 10254: 10248: 10247: 10242: 10240: 10239: 10234: 10233: 10231: 10227: 10224: 10222: 10221: 10216: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10187: 10185: 10181: 10175: 10174: 10169: 10167: 10166: 10161: 10160: 10158: 10154: 10151: 10148: 10143: 10142: 10137: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10112: 10110: 10106: 10100: 10099: 10094: 10092: 10091: 10086: 10085: 10083: 10079: 10076: 10073: 10068: 10067: 10062: 10057: 10053: 10049: 10041: 10036: 10034: 10029: 10027: 10022: 10021: 10018: 10007: 9997: 9994: 9992: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9982: 9979: 9977: 9974: 9972: 9969: 9967: 9964: 9962: 9959: 9957: 9954: 9952: 9949: 9947: 9944: 9942: 9939: 9937: 9934: 9932: 9929: 9927: 9924: 9922: 9919: 9917: 9914: 9912: 9909: 9907: 9904: 9902: 9899: 9897: 9894: 9892: 9889: 9887: 9884: 9882: 9879: 9877: 9874: 9872: 9869: 9867: 9864: 9862: 9859: 9857: 9854: 9852: 9849: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9834: 9832: 9829: 9827: 9824: 9822: 9819: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9793: 9790: 9786: 9779: 9774: 9772: 9767: 9765: 9760: 9759: 9756: 9745: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9622: 9620: 9617: 9615: 9612: 9610: 9607: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9562: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9540: 9537: 9535: 9532: 9530: 9527: 9525: 9522: 9520: 9517: 9515: 9512: 9510: 9507: 9505: 9502: 9500: 9497: 9495: 9492: 9490: 9487: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9477: 9475: 9472: 9470: 9467: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9437: 9435: 9432: 9430: 9427: 9425: 9422: 9420: 9417: 9416: 9413: 9409: 9402: 9397: 9395: 9390: 9388: 9383: 9382: 9379: 9366: 9363: 9362: 9359: 9353: 9350: 9348: 9345: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9335: 9333: 9332: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9321: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9263: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9238: 9236: 9233: 9231: 9228: 9226: 9223: 9221: 9218: 9216: 9213: 9211: 9208: 9206: 9203: 9201: 9198: 9196: 9193: 9191: 9188: 9186: 9183: 9181: 9178: 9176: 9173: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9120: 9116: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9106: 9104: 9101: 9099: 9096: 9094: 9091: 9089: 9086: 9084: 9081: 9079: 9076: 9074: 9071: 9069: 9066: 9064: 9061: 9059: 9056: 9054: 9051: 9049: 9046: 9044: 9043: 9039: 9037: 9034: 9032: 9029: 9027: 9026: 9022: 9020: 9017: 9015: 9012: 9010: 9007: 9005: 9002: 9000: 8997: 8995: 8994: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8977: 8973: 8971: 8970: 8966: 8964: 8961: 8959: 8956: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8943: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8933: 8931: 8929: 8924:Commonwealth 8921: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8899: 8895: 8893: 8890: 8888: 8887: 8883: 8881: 8880: 8876: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8868: 8864: 8862: 8859: 8857: 8854: 8852: 8851: 8847: 8845: 8844: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8832: 8828: 8826: 8823: 8821: 8820: 8816: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8808: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8796: 8792: 8790: 8789: 8785: 8783: 8780: 8778: 8777: 8773: 8771: 8768: 8767: 8765: 8763: 8755: 8749: 8746: 8744: 8741: 8739: 8736: 8735: 8733: 8731: 8723: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8615: 8613: 8610: 8609: 8607: 8605: 8597: 8593: 8586: 8581: 8579: 8574: 8572: 8567: 8566: 8563: 8551: 8542: 8540: 8531: 8530: 8523: 8517: 8511: 8505: 8499: 8493: 8487: 8481: 8475: 8469: 8468: 8465: 8449: 8442: 8439: 8436: (2023, 8435: 8434: 8426: 8423: 8416: 8413: 8406: 8403: 8396: 8393: 8386: 8383: 8376: 8373: 8366: 8363: 8356: 8353: 8346: 8343: 8336: 8333: 8326: 8323: 8316: 8313: 8306: 8303: 8296: 8293: 8286: 8283: 8276: 8273: 8266: 8263: 8256: 8253: 8246: 8243: 8236: 8233: 8226: 8223: 8216: 8213: 8206: 8203: 8196: 8193: 8186: 8183: 8176: 8173: 8166: 8163: 8156: 8153: 8146: 8143: 8136: 8133: 8126: 8123: 8116: 8113: 8106: 8103: 8096: 8093: 8086: 8083: 8076: 8073: 8066: 8063: 8056: 8053: 8046: 8043: 8036: 8033: 8026: 8023: 8016: 8013: 8006: 8003: 7996: 7993: 7986: 7983: 7976: 7973: 7966: 7963: 7956: 7953: 7943: 7940: 7933: 7930: 7923: 7920: 7913: 7910: 7903: 7900: 7893: 7890: 7883: 7880: 7873: 7870: 7863: 7860: 7853: 7850: 7843: 7840: 7833: 7830: 7823: 7820: 7813: 7810: 7803: 7800: 7793: 7790: 7783: 7782: 7779: 7775: 7768: 7763: 7761: 7756: 7754: 7749: 7748: 7745: 7733: 7730: 7729: 7727: 7724: 7719: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7705: 7703: 7700: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7693:20th district 7689: 7683: 7680: 7678: 7675: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7665: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7658:19th district 7654: 7648: 7645: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7628:18th district 7624: 7618: 7615: 7614: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7571:17th district 7567: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7536: 7533: 7531: 7528: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7513: 7512: 7510: 7507: 7506:16th district 7502: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7483: 7481: 7478: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7468: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7447: 7445: 7442: 7441:15th district 7437: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7366:14th district 7362: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7276:13th district 7272: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7156: 7153: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7121:12th district 7117: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7008: 7006: 7003: 7001: 6998: 6996: 6993: 6991: 6988: 6986: 6985:J. Richardson 6983: 6981: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6963: 6961: 6958: 6956: 6953: 6951: 6948: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6931:11th district 6927: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6815:J. E. Russell 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6666:10th district 6662: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6453: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6443: 6441: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6407: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6273: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6177: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5957: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5762: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5547: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5380:W. Richardson 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5327: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5072: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4872: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4681: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4642: 4638: 4631: 4626: 4624: 4619: 4617: 4612: 4611: 4608: 4599: 4590: 4588: 4582: 4574: 4568: 4564: 4555: 4553: 4547: 4539: 4533: 4529: 4520: 4518: 4512: 4504: 4498: 4494: 4485: 4484: 4477: 4471: 4467: 4458: 4456: 4450: 4442: 4436: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4416: 4415: 4408: 4402: 4397: 4393: 4384: 4383: 4375: 4369: 4365: 4356: 4355: 4347: 4340: 4336: 4326: 4325: 4317: 4310: 4306: 4296: 4295: 4292:Commander of 4287: 4280: 4276: 4266: 4265: 4257: 4251: 4246: 4242: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4222: 4218: 4211: 4210:Henry Gardner 4205: 4200: 4193: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4181: 4176: 4175: 4170: 4159: 4155: 4154: 4148: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4132: 4122: 4120:0-8071-0822-7 4116: 4111: 4110: 4103: 4099: 4097:0-8047-3641-3 4093: 4089: 4084: 4080: 4079: 4073: 4072: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4048: 4044: 4039: 4035: 4029: 4024: 4023: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3979: 3975: 3971: 3967: 3961: 3957: 3956: 3950: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3937: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3912: 3908: 3907: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3883: 3879: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3856: 3852: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3829: 3825: 3820: 3817: 3813: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3798: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3774: 3770: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3753: 3747: 3743: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3720: 3716: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3693: 3689: 3688: 3682: 3678: 3676:0-8071-2293-9 3672: 3668: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3645: 3641: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3618: 3614: 3609: 3605: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3582: 3578: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3555: 3551: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3528: 3524: 3519: 3515: 3509: 3504: 3503: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3456: 3450: 3431: 3424: 3418: 3411: 3406: 3397: 3390: 3385: 3378: 3373: 3371: 3363: 3358: 3351: 3346: 3339: 3334: 3327: 3322: 3315: 3310: 3303: 3298: 3291: 3286: 3279: 3274: 3267: 3262: 3255: 3250: 3243: 3238: 3231: 3226: 3219: 3214: 3207: 3202: 3195: 3190: 3182: 3181: 3176: 3169: 3162: 3157: 3148: 3141: 3136: 3129: 3124: 3117: 3112: 3096: 3092: 3086: 3077: 3068: 3059: 3052: 3047: 3041:Dawson, p. 19 3038: 3029: 3023:Dawson, p. 18 3020: 3011: 3002: 2996:Dawson, p. 16 2993: 2986: 2981: 2972: 2963: 2954: 2945: 2936: 2927: 2918: 2909: 2902: 2897: 2888: 2879: 2870: 2861: 2852: 2843: 2834: 2825: 2819:Dupree, p. 48 2816: 2807: 2798: 2796: 2789:Dupree, p. 45 2786: 2777: 2768: 2759: 2750: 2748: 2738: 2729: 2720: 2713: 2708: 2699: 2692: 2687: 2680: 2675: 2669:, p. 85. 2668: 2663: 2657:, p. 81. 2656: 2651: 2645:, p. 84. 2644: 2639: 2630: 2624: 2623:0-19-503863-0 2620: 2614: 2608:, p. 79. 2607: 2602: 2593: 2584: 2575: 2566: 2557: 2555: 2547: 2542: 2535: 2530: 2524:, p. 55. 2523: 2518: 2509: 2502: 2497: 2491:, p. 57. 2490: 2485: 2479:, p. 43. 2478: 2473: 2467:, p. 44. 2466: 2461: 2455:, p. 50. 2454: 2449: 2443:, p. 52. 2442: 2437: 2435: 2425: 2419:, p. 48. 2418: 2413: 2406: 2401: 2394: 2389: 2383:, p. 48. 2382: 2377: 2370: 2365: 2363: 2356:, p. 46. 2355: 2350: 2343: 2338: 2331: 2326: 2324: 2316: 2311: 2304: 2299: 2293:, p. 28. 2292: 2287: 2281:, p. 31. 2280: 2275: 2268: 2263: 2257:, p. 26. 2256: 2251: 2245:, p. 24. 2244: 2239: 2232: 2227: 2220: 2215: 2209:, p. 19. 2208: 2203: 2196: 2191: 2184: 2179: 2172: 2167: 2160: 2155: 2149:, p. 10. 2148: 2143: 2136: 2131: 2125:, p. 12. 2124: 2119: 2112: 2107: 2101:, p. 10. 2100: 2095: 2088: 2083: 2076: 2071: 2064: 2059: 2052: 2047: 2040: 2035: 2029:, p. 41. 2028: 2023: 2016: 2011: 2004: 1999: 1992: 1987: 1980: 1975: 1966: 1962: 1952: 1949: 1947: 1944: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1919: 1908: 1901: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1873: 1869: 1864: 1851: 1847: 1845: 1841: 1835: 1832: 1828: 1822: 1820: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1802: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1730: 1720: 1718: 1714: 1709: 1706: 1702: 1697: 1690: 1685: 1681: 1679: 1675: 1669: 1659: 1656: 1651: 1650:Joseph Bailey 1645: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1626: 1624: 1620: 1614: 1606: 1601: 1592: 1590: 1586: 1583: 1579: 1574: 1570: 1569:Henry Halleck 1565: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1550: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1526: 1521: 1517: 1514: 1508: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1476: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1459:Gideon Welles 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1430: 1421: 1412: 1410: 1406: 1400: 1397: 1394:he ordered a 1393: 1389: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1356: 1351: 1346: 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10616:U.S. Cabinet 10604: 10425:Presidential 10335:Whig Parties 10279: 10243: 10235: 10218: 10189: 10170: 10162: 10139: 10095: 10087: 10064: 10056:1860 → 10048:← 1852 9805: 9714:Ros-Lehtinen 9518: 9364: 9329: 9117: 9092: 9040: 9023: 8991: 8974: 8967: 8940: 8927:(since 1776) 8896: 8884: 8877: 8865: 8848: 8841: 8829: 8817: 8805: 8793: 8786: 8774: 8521:Know Nothing 8437: 8431: 8424: (2023) 8084: (1869) 8031: 7425:Wigglesworth 7350:Wigglesworth 6411:9th district 6181:8th district 6059: 5961:7th district 5859: 5766:6th district 5679: 5659: 5551:5th district 5331:4th district 5260:J. A. Thayer 5245:J. R. Thayer 5076:3rd district 4876:2nd district 4646:1st district 4598:Sherman Hoar 4578: 4543: 4508: 4493:James L. Orr 4481: 4446: 4412: 4379: 4351: 4321: 4291: 4261: 4219:nominee for 4215: 4189: 4172: 4151: 4108: 4087: 4077: 4042: 4021: 3986: 3982: 3954: 3934: 3905: 3877: 3850: 3823: 3796: 3768: 3741: 3714: 3686: 3666: 3639: 3612: 3603: 3576: 3549: 3522: 3501: 3481: 3459:. Retrieved 3449: 3437:. Retrieved 3430:the original 3417: 3405: 3396: 3384: 3357: 3345: 3333: 3321: 3309: 3297: 3285: 3273: 3261: 3249: 3237: 3225: 3213: 3201: 3189: 3178: 3168: 3156: 3147: 3135: 3123: 3111: 3099:. 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Anderson 9881:S. Anderson 9659:Chiperfield 9255:Saltonstall 9113:W. Washburn 9083:E. Washburn 9031:Lincoln Jr. 8993:Lincoln Sr. 8761:(1692–1776) 8729:(1686–1689) 8603:(1629–1686) 8438:pro tempore 7515:S. Thatcher 7420:Frothingham 7375:G. Thatcher 7310:J. Reed Jr. 7215:F. Rockwell 7145:S. Thatcher 7130:H. Dearborn 6995:J. Reed Jr. 6745:H. Williams 6615:T. H. Eliot 6555:G. Williams 6515:W. Washburn 6475:H. Williams 6450:J. Reed Jr. 6440:J. Reed Jr. 6330:C. H. Allen 6235:J. Reed Jr. 6215:L. Williams 6195:G. Thatcher 6050:J. Rockwell 5915:A.P. Andrew 5785:J. Reed Sr. 5775:G. Thatcher 5635:W. Appleton 5625:W. Appleton 5575:L. Williams 5540:Auchincloss 5535:Kennedy III 5350:G. Thatcher 5255:C. Washburn 4970:Saltonstall 4825:G. Lawrence 4795:T. D. Eliot 4785:T. D. Eliot 4775:W. Appleton 4760:N. Appleton 4750:A. Lawrence 4740:A. Lawrence 4730:N. Appleton 3439:January 10, 3101:January 10, 2966:Otto, p. 21 2723:Work, p. 99 2633:Work, p. 69 1770:Confederacy 1582:Brownsville 1497:Baton Rouge 1447:New Orleans 1439:New England 1375:Franz Sigel 1101:Howell Cobb 817:New Orleans 786:an election 528:Maude Banks 376:Preceded by 333:Preceded by 290:Preceded by 245:Preceded by 195:Preceded by 137:Preceded by 94:Preceded by 10916:Categories 10633:Henry Clay 10571:U.S. House 10263:George Law 10147:Convention 10115:Lewis Cass 10072:Convention 9981:Hensarling 9629:McReynolds 9509:Crittenden 9489:Pennington 9479:McClernand 9170:Greenhalge 8909:Hutchinson 8898:Hutchinson 8748:Bradstreet 8707:Bradstreet 8697:Bellingham 8687:Bellingham 8647:Bellingham 8527:Republican 8509:Democratic 8503:Jacksonian 8485:Federalist 8052:Pennington 7809:Muhlenberg 7789:Muhlenberg 7712:E. Lincoln 7190:L. Bigelow 7030:Whiting II 6975:J. Russell 6960:A. Bigelow 6870:Fitzgerald 6735:W. Baylies 6605:R. Russell 6565:Fitzgerald 6390:Kennedy II 6335:Greenhalge 6145:L. Connery 6140:W. Connery 6115:W. Everett 6100:W. Russell 5940:Torkildsen 5930:Harrington 5745:N. Tsongas 5725:P. Tsongas 5630:Burlingame 5400:E. Everett 5315:N. Tsongas 4995:Buffington 4800:Buffington 4217:Republican 3473:References 3242:Banks 2005 2087:Banks 2005 1878:Fort Banks 1772:, such as 1727:See also: 1666:See also: 1589:Rio Grande 1573:the French 1317:Winchester 1234:volunteers 958:See also: 913:Elias Howe 901:bobbin boy 871:Early life 801:West Point 593:Union Army 562:Allegiance 534:Profession 487:Republican 475:Republican 463:Democratic 428:1816-01-30 82:Lieutenant 10749:John Bell 10581:J. Taylor 10531:Z. Taylor 9991:L. Cheney 9941:D. Cheney 9851:Grosvenor 9846:Henderson 9624:Linthicum 9469:Ingersoll 9042:Armstrong 8813:J. Dudley 8801:J. Dudley 8788:Stoughton 8782:Bellomont 8776:Stoughton 8758:Province 8738:J. Dudley 8726:Dominion 8677:T. Dudley 8662:T. Dudley 8642:T. Dudley 8622:T. Dudley 8312:McCormack 8212:Longworth 8172:Henderson 7929:Stevenson 7667:J. Parker 7647:J. Parker 7450:Wadsworth 7390:J. Holmes 7285:Wadsworth 7255:McCormack 7135:I. Parker 6850:O'Connell 6825:McEttrick 6820:J. Walker 6770:Dickinson 6720:F Baylies 6635:McCormack 6625:Nicholson 6595:Underhill 6510:A. Walker 6500:E. Thayer 6455:H. Dwight 6380:Macdonald 6365:Dallinger 6360:H. Thayer 6355:Dallinger 6325:W Russell 6280:Wentworth 6155:Macdonald 6030:H. Dwight 5935:Mavroules 5710:E. Rogers 5705:J. Rogers 5580:T. Dwight 5560:Partridge 5515:P. Holmes 5460:J. Abbott 5410:Parmenter 5355:Wadsworth 5235:J. Andrew 5200:Whiting I 5160:A. Abbott 5130:Pickering 5120:Livermore 5040:Granfield 5025:Churchill 4940:Pickering 4476:Linn Boyd 4061:776777739 4011:145353199 3896:946887780 3869:881469687 3842:435912035 3787:877370980 3760:841494950 3733:225998148 3595:153772989 3541:900345154 3461:April 26, 3161:Baum 1984 2489:Baum 1984 2381:Baum 1984 2015:Reef 2009 1678:Louisiana 1536:Red River 1451:Louisiana 1409:XII Corps 1363:John Pope 1309:Strasburg 1246:Baltimore 1198:Civil War 837:Vicksburg 825:Louisiana 758:Civil War 545:Signature 540:, workman 366:In office 323:In office 280:In office 235:In office 169:In office 142:Linn Boyd 127:In office 117:21st 72:In office 62:24th 52:1865–1880 48:Portrait 10876:Interior 10674:Treasury 10599:Winthrop 10573:Speakers 10561:Donelson 10557:Fillmore 10535:Fillmore 10505:Harrison 10465:Harrison 10456:Sergeant 10229:Nominees 10156:Nominees 10081:Nominees 9996:Stefanik 9901:Woodruff 9896:Lehlbach 9689:Hamilton 9679:Zablocki 9664:Richards 9654:Richards 9604:C. Smith 9574:McCreary 9559:McCreary 9544:Williams 9494:Clingman 9474:T. Smith 9325:Cellucci 9265:Bradford 9220:Coolidge 9160:Brackett 9150:Robinson 9078:Clifford 9073:Boutwell 8987:Sullivan 8879:S. Phips 8867:S. Phips 8770:W. Phips 8702:Leverett 8692:Endecott 8682:Endecott 8672:Endecott 8667:Winthrop 8657:Endecott 8652:Winthrop 8637:Winthrop 8617:Winthrop 8612:Endecott 8539:Category 8422:McCarthy 8362:Gingrich 8252:Bankhead 8132:Carlisle 8002:Winthrop 7829:Sedgwick 7799:Trumbull 7723:At-large 7585:Chandler 7530:S. Davis 7470:Bradbury 7395:Lovering 7335:Mitchell 7320:Simpkins 7250:Gallivan 7230:Lovering 7225:E. Morse 7210:Robinson 7205:J. Adams 7110:Donnelly 7085:Flaherty 7075:Douglass 7060:Sullivan 7040:Coolidge 7025:Robinson 7005:Goodrich 6990:J. Adams 6970:B. Adams 6945:Bartlett 6940:Bradbury 6915:Delahunt 6880:Douglass 6805:Norcross 6760:Grinnell 6700:J. Allen 6690:Hastings 6535:T. Lyman 6470:Hastings 6350:Deitrick 6270:J. Adams 6170:Pressley 6110:Cogswell 6070:Boutwell 6055:Goodrich 6040:Grennell 6035:S. Allen 5995:Mitchell 5975:Ward Sr. 5925:W. Bates 5920:G. Bates 5895:Cogswell 5885:Lovering 5870:Thompson 5845:T. Davis 5835:G. Davis 5815:Grennell 5800:S. Allen 5790:J. Smith 5715:B. Morse 5685:Sh. Hoar 5670:L. Morse 5620:C. Allen 5605:J. Davis 5495:Mitchell 5485:Weymouth 5465:L. Morse 5425:Thompson 5415:Thompson 5405:Sa. Hoar 5370:Hastings 5345:Dearborn 5340:Sedgwick 5310:McGovern 5230:L. Morse 5195:Twichell 5180:C. Adams 5100:S. Lyman 5065:McGovern 5015:E. Morse 4965:Phillips 4910:W. Lyman 4905:Ward Sr. 4900:Sedgwick 4895:W. Lyman 4835:Heselton 4830:Treadway 4810:R. Davis 4770:S. Eliot 4765:Winthrop 4755:Winthrop 4745:Fletcher 4705:Ward Jr. 4690:J. Bacon 4685:Sedgwick 4675:Sedgwick 4003:27555920 3974:37721476 3925:60246514 3816:Volume 2 3812:Volume 1 3706:27035762 3658:48655943 3631:31399457 3568:31399333 3491:63270945 1904:See also 1793:and the 1786:gratuity 1768:for the 1687:General 1383:Culpeper 1305:Richmond 1095:and the 1015:Congress 742:Prentiss 620:Commands 523:Children 469:American 10487:Granger 10483:Webster 10469:Granger 10427:tickets 9956:Boehner 9866:Currier 9861:Hepburn 9836:Robeson 9821:McCrary 9816:Maynard 9801:Schenck 9796:Morrill 9684:Fascell 9589:Perkins 9584:Cousins 9554:Belmont 9499:Hopkins 9459:Cushing 9454:Pickens 9429:Everett 9424:Forsyth 9419:Russell 9365:Italics 9342:Patrick 9315:Dukakis 9305:Dukakis 9300:Sargent 9290:Peabody 9280:Furcolo 9190:Douglas 9175:Wolcott 9165:Russell 9108:Claflin 9103:Bullock 9088:Gardner 9048:Everett 8953:Hancock 8948:Bowdoin 8942:Cushing 8936:Hancock 8904:Bernard 8892:Pownall 8873:Shirley 8861:Shirley 8856:Belcher 8600:Colony 8448:Johnson 8433:McHenry 8392:Boehner 8372:Hastert 8332:O'Neill 8302:Rayburn 8282:Rayburn 8262:Rayburn 8202:Gillett 8112:Randall 8082:Pomeroy 7899:Barbour 7702:Hubbard 7682:Cushman 7642:T. Rice 7617:Kinsley 7605:J. Carr 7595:F. Carr 7590:Gannett 7560:Gifford 7550:Thacher 7525:Tallman 7495:Gifford 7475:Whitman 7465:Widgery 7460:Whitman 7410:Gilmore 7400:E. Foss 7385:C. King 7315:Randall 7295:Ruggles 7195:Baylies 7185:Kendall 7175:Hulbert 7160:Bidwell 7150:Skinner 7100:O'Neill 7095:Kennedy 7080:Higgins 7070:Tinkham 7050:Sprague 7035:Wallace 7010:Trafton 7000:Burnell 6965:Brigham 6955:Stedman 6920:Keating 6905:Heckler 6885:Tinkham 6835:Barrows 6810:W. Rice 6795:Stevens 6790:Crocker 6775:Chaffee 6765:Scudder 6755:Burnell 6710:Wheaton 6705:Brigham 6675:Goodhue 6655:Keating 6645:Moakley 6620:Gifford 6585:Roberts 6575:Keliher 6550:Candler 6545:Burnett 6530:W. Rice 6525:G. Hoar 6520:Crocker 6495:De Witt 6465:Jackson 6435:Wheaton 6430:J. Dean 6395:Capuano 6385:O'Neill 6375:Goodwin 6340:Stevens 6320:Candler 6315:Claflin 6300:G. Hoar 6295:Baldwin 6265:Calhoun 6255:Lathrop 6245:Sampson 6240:Baylies 6225:Gardner 6200:F. 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Nathaniel P. Banks

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