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Entry point

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140: 3489: 43: 459:, which consists of several executables for different targets packaged in a single file. Most commonly, this is implemented by a single overall entry point, which is compatible with all targets and branches to the target-specific entry point. Alternative techniques include storing separate executables in separate 812:
may be any valid identifier in C, but it is common convention to use these names. In C++, the names are to be taken literally, and the "void" in the parameter list is to be omitted, if strict conformance is desired. Other platform-dependent formats are also allowed by the C and C++ standards, except
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Within the HelloWorld class, we declare a single method called main() which in turn contains a single method invocation to display the string "Hello world!" on the standard output. The statement that prints "Hello world!" does so by invoking the println method of the out object. The out object is a
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and successor mainframes, do not support the PROGRAM statement. Many compilers from other software manufacturers will allow a fortran program to be compiled without a PROGRAM statement. In these cases, whatever module that has any non-comment statement where no SUBROUTINE, FUNCTION or BLOCK DATA
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programs are evaluated top-to-bottom, as is usual in scripting languages: the entry point is the start of the source code. Since definitions must precede use, programs are typically structured with definitions at the top and the code to execute at the bottom (unindented), similar to code for a
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Main function looks like entry point for application programmers (the application's entry point or main entry point). System programming reveals more information about the program, and specifies the entry point elsewhere (in initialization procedure, or in reset interrupt vector for standalone
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that is often used for building web and mobile applications. Like many other programming languages, Dart has an entry point that serves as the starting point for a Dart program. The entry point is the first function that is executed when a program runs. In Dart, the entry point is typically a
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Usually, there is not a single exit point specified in a program. However, in other cases runtimes ensure that programs always terminate in a structured way via a single exit point, which is guaranteed unless the runtime itself crashes; this allows cleanup code to be run, such as
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function containing the code to be executed when a program is executed directly, but which can also be invoked by importing the program as a module and calling the function. This can be done by the following idiom, which relies on the internal variable
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method. This way, specific options may be set upon execution of the program, and then interpreted by the program. Many programs use this as an alternative way to configure different settings, or perform a set variety of actions using a single program.
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in the program. Because Pascal programs define procedures and functions in a more rigorous bottom-up order than C, C++ or Java programs, the main procedure is usually the last block in the program. Pascal does not have a special meaning for the name
530:. Programs in interpreted languages return control to the interpreter, but programs in compiled languages must return to the operating system, otherwise the processor will simply continue executing beyond the end of the program, resulting in 2588:
is explicit, and the interaction with the operating system (receiving the arguments, calling system exit) are done explicitly by library calls, which are ultimately handled by the Python runtime. This contrasts with C, where these are done
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handlers. This can be done by either requiring that programs terminate by returning from the main function, by calling a specific exit function, or by the runtime catching exceptions or operating system signals.
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Versions of Pascal that support units or modules may also contain an unnamed block in each, which is used to initialize the module. These blocks are executed before the main program entry point is called.
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In Java, every line of code that can actually run needs to be inside a class. "public class Main {}" declares a class named Main, which is public, that means that any other class can access it.
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Alternatively, execution of a program can begin at a named point, either with a conventional name defined by the programming language or operating system or at a caller-specified name. In many
4017:"public static void main(String args) {} " is the entry point of our Java program. the main method has to have this exact signature in order to be able to run our program. 1112:, although the name is not otherwise reserved, and may be used for member functions, classes, enumerations, or non-member functions in other namespaces. In C++ (unlike C) 3654: 3621: 2475:
when a program is executed, but not when it is imported as a module (in which case it is instead set to the module name); there are many variants of this structure:
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PHP does not have a "main" function. Starting from the first line of a PHP script, any code not encapsulated by a function header is executed as soon as it is seen.
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ANSI Common Lisp does not define a main function; instead, the code is read and evaluated from top to bottom in a source file. However, the following code will
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is used for the startup list of actions, but the convention is that this calls a procedure that runs the actions. That procedure may be of any name.
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function is where a program starts its execution. It enables high-level organization of the program's functionality, and typically has access to the
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function is the default entry point for a Dart program, it is possible to specify a different entry point if needed. This can be done using the
295:, programmers specify the entry points only in source code, which makes them much better known. Entry points in executable files depend on the 3535: 972:. The meaning of other possible return values is implementation-defined. In case a return value is not defined by the programmer, an implicit 487:, each corresponding to the different functionalities of the program. The usual way to denote entry points, as used system-wide in VMS and in 4086: 3801: 4239: 4213: 3557: 2088:
The main function must be included within a class. This is because in Java everything has to be contained within a class. For instance, a
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Programming Environments for Massively Parallel Distributed Systems: Working Conference of the Ifip Wg 10.3, April 25-29, 1994
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language has no main function, the code that is not within a function, or subroutine is executed first, from top to bottom:
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Entry points are capable of passing on command arguments, variables, or other information as a local variable used by the
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returning an integer, similar to both C and C++, it is passed back to the environment as the exit status of the process.
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returning an integer, similar to both C and C++, it is passed back to the environment as the exit status of the process.
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or equivalent). However, some languages can execute user-written functions before main runs, such as the constructors of
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There is no way to access arguments or a return code outside of the standard library in Go. These can be accessed via
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value represents the side-effects-ful computation done by the program. The result of the computation represented by
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may also have entry points, which are used later by the linker when generating entry points of an executable file.
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that runs when a program starts, and is invoked directly from the system-specific initialization contained in the
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object. In both instances, the main function is automatically generated, and cannot be removed from the project.
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and executes it. Any Dart code that is intended to be executed when the program starts should be included in the
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function can be optionally used to access the argument portion of the command line used to launch the program:
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to the console when the program is run. This code will be executed automatically when the Dart program is run.
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A non-exhaustive list of programming languages follows, describing their way of defining the main entry point:
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statement as the first line can be used to specify that a program unit is a main program, as shown below. The
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is the place in a program where the execution of a program begins, and where the program has access to
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behaves like a scripting language, executing statements from top to bottom; top-level code is allowed.
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would be the name of the host executable), may choose to alter their argv to give a more descriptive
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to specify the entry point in a manner that is filesystem-independent from the user's perspective.
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In many major operating systems, the standard executable format has a single entry point. In the
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argv: the vector term in this variable's name is used in traditional sense to refer to strings.
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computer also used this to some degree. For example, an alternative entry point in Apple I's
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is a functional programming language based on graph rewriting. The initial node is named
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function is inserted by the compiler; this behavior is required by the C++ standard.
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of the process, though the C standard only ascribes specific meaning to two values:
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function is special; normally every C and C++ program must define it exactly once.
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would keep the BASIC program useful when the reset button was accidentally pushed.
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attributes, respectively. Those attributes are equivalent in their purpose to the
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In general, programs can exit at any time by returning to the operating system or
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In simple systems, execution begins at the first statement, which is common in
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to procname ...  ; Startup commands (such as print ) end
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class variable in the System class that performs output operations on files.
3614:"Main() / Entry Points (C# Programming Guide) - Microsoft Developer Network" 2940:
The number and values of command-line arguments can be determined using the
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One tells the compiler which option to use to generate the executable file.
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IL directive, which takes either no arguments, or a single argument of type
4156: 3392: 2766:, there is no distinct main function. Instead, code written outside of any 992: 169: 4166:, an Apple-developed iPad app for learning the Swift programming language. 3270:. The following code is the default way to initialize a Cocoa Touch-based 1620:. When a Dart program is run, the Dart runtime looks for a function named 757:// BUT in embedded programming depending on the µC, this form is also used 319:
In most of today's popular programming languages and operating systems, a
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the world or some fixed type if the program only prints the result after
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Programming Ruby: The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide, Ruby and Its World
3242:-based applications written in Swift are usually initialized with the 1085:
must be declared as if it has external linkage; it cannot be declared
374:(although the class must be specified at the invocation time), and in 3887:
Some Haskell Misconceptions: Idiomatic Code, Purity, Laziness, and IO
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NoMethodError: private method `foo' called for false:FalseClass
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function is the entry point that should be used for Dart programs.
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syntax is similar to that of C and C++. The execution begins at
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of the main function must be equivalent to one of the following:
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Additionally, as of Rust 1.26.0, the main function may return a
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of the entry point, which allow asynchronous execution in the
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Point in a computer program where instruction-execution begins
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Alternatively, a program can be structured with an explicit
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The main function is generally the first programmer-written
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to execute some code only if its file was specified in the
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In Rust, the entry point of a program is a function named
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Command-line arguments are available in the special array
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programs, is to append them at the end of the name of the
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For other uses of "Entry Point" and "Point of Entry", see
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NoMethodError: private method `foo' called for :Array
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programming language, program execution starts with the
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statement occurs, is considered to be the Main program.
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include the name of the program as the first element if
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Command-line arguments are available in an array named
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does not have a main subroutine or function. Instead a
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source code. Different parts are labeled for reference.
3528:"In Computing, what is an Entry Point? (with picture)" 2697:
Command line arguments (if any) can be read using the
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of the main function looks like one of the following:
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The value returned from the main function becomes the
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function. Programs are evaluated from top to bottom.
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Unlike C, the name of the program is not included in
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One exception to the single-entry-point paradigm is
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such as C# the entry point is a static method named
2360:does not contain the name of the program, which is 67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2584:In this idiom, the call to the named entry point 1007:is greater than 0; if a user types a command of " 409:(gcc), the entry point used by the linker is the 4256: 4028: 4003:"Hello, World! - Free Interactive Java Tutorial" 3976:"Hello, World! - Free Interactive Java Tutorial" 3804:. Msdn.microsoft.com. 2003-06-12. Archived from 1843:respectively, both of which are included in the 1685:annotation in Dart. However, in most cases, the 1361:is required to allow the use of asynchrony (the 754:// NOT according to the ISO C standard 5.1.2.2.1 3963://A JAVA program begins with a call to main (). 3943:. New York: McGraw-Hill Education. p. 46. 3932: 2774:scope is executed in the context of a special " 1739:Some versions of Fortran, such as those on the 4080: 1708:statement cannot be used for recursive calls. 287:Entry points apply both to source code and to 3995: 3556:Decker, Karsten M.; Rehmann, René M. (1994). 3555: 2849:scope are defined as private methods of the " 2349:block are executed before normal statements. 1136:searches for a static method marked with the 3469:object. Console applications start with the 2778:" object. This object can be accessed using 267:, the entry point is a static method called 3849:. Language Reference. Third Edition, 1994. 3762:Section 3.6.1.2, Standard C++ 2011 edition. 1971:of a class, which has one of the following 1033:is the name that processes appear under in 829:have a third argument giving the program's 813:that in C++ the return type must always be 559:given to the program when it was executed. 187:passes control to its entry point. (During 3968: 2935:from /usr/bin/irb:12:in `<main>' 2914:from /usr/bin/irb:12:in `<main>' 1349:types are the asynchronous equivalents of 3562:. Springer Science & Business Media. 3274:app and declare its application delegate. 2259:, the main procedure is the only unnamed 1628:function. Here is an example of a simple 1236:Since C#7.1 there are four more possible 1108:), cannot be overloaded, and cannot be a 127:Learn how and when to remove this message 4062:Code Like a Pythonista: Idiomatic Python 1946:Command line arguments are not given to 546: 483:, computer programs have a multitude of 138: 3938: 1677:It is important to note that while the 471:Historically, and in some contemporary 14: 4257: 4237:Hello from a libc-free world! (Part 1) 4089:from the original on 20 September 2015 3899: 3611: 3258:projects: they implicitly declare the 2317:Command-line arguments are counted in 455:An occasionally used technique is the 421:, the entry point is specified by the 401:, the entry point is specified in the 4177:"UIApplicationMain(_:_:_:_:) — UIKit" 2593:by the runtime, based on convention. 2234:and the exit status is 0 by default. 2066:Command-line arguments are passed in 1967:programs start executing at the main 1592:Command-line arguments are passed in 1225:Command-line arguments are passed in 2179:) exists. Alternatively, executable 2172:in the directory where the compiled 1613:general-purpose programming language 1128:When executing a program written in 65:adding citations to reliable sources 36: 3739:"Parameter types and names of main" 2168:To run this program, one must call 1120:and cannot have its address taken. 551:In many programming languages, the 24: 4071:—on Python scripts used as modules 4040:from the original on July 11, 2015 3432:"Arguments if any are: " 2992:Similar to Python, one could use: 895:-based operating systems, such as 433:, the entry point is at the fixed 25: 4286: 4230: 2798:It has the following properties: 1915:, which contains no information. 581:In other languages, notably many 3863:"The Haskell 98 Report: Modules" 3487: 3009:# Put "main" code here 1670:function simply prints the text 405:field of the ELF header. In the 41: 4216:from the original on 2019-01-13 4198: 4187:from the original on 2019-01-12 4169: 4149: 4137:from the original on 2015-05-15 4123: 4101: 4074: 4055: 4022: 3917:from the original on 2019-04-20 3907:"The Java Language Environment" 3880: 3869:from the original on 2013-08-19 3855: 3839: 3819: 3794: 3765: 3756: 3745:from the original on 2012-11-10 3711:from the original on 2013-12-31 3682:from the original on 2014-06-09 3657:from the original on 2017-09-10 3624:from the original on 2020-11-11 3594:from the original on 2020-07-31 3538:from the original on 2020-08-05 3386: 2392:" variable keeps the number of 2092:program in Java may look like: 833:, otherwise accessible through 425:field, which is inherited from 314: 206:For some operating systems and 52:needs additional citations for 32:Point of Entry (disambiguation) 4081:Ned Batchelder (6 June 2003). 3941:Java : a beginner's guide 3731: 3722: 3693: 3668: 3635: 3605: 3576: 3549: 3520: 2853:" object. Since the class of " 1466: 387:Executable and Linkable Format 291:files. However, in day-to-day 13: 1: 4250:How main method works in Java 4210:Apple Developer Documentation 4181:Apple Developer Documentation 3896:— on Haskell's monadic IO> 3514: 3351:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions 3266:which creates an instance of 2962:tty(main):002:0> ARGV.size 2841:Methods defined outside of a 2396:passed to the program. The " 2321:and accessible as strings by 2070:. As in C and C++, the name " 1045:etc., some programs, such as 521: 466: 448:function. Instead, they have 2613:"Hello World! a =" 1859:program must contain a name 1365:keyword) inside the method. 603: 378:it is a static method named 297:application binary interface 248:, this is a function called 7: 3612:Wagner, Bill (2017-08-01). 3495:Computer programming portal 3480: 3264:UIApplicationMain(_:_:_:_:) 1144:, and has a return type of 1049:or those running within an 1027:argv = {"rm", "file", NULL} 10: 4291: 3701:"Application Fundamentals" 1953:System.Environment.getArgs 1899:is discarded; that is why 1850: 1692: 1501:"Hello World!~%" 1065:, usually by means of the 413:symbol. Similarly, in the 323:usually only has a single 210:, the entry point is in a 29: 4083:"Python main() functions" 4034:"Python main() functions" 3939:Schildt, Herbert (2019). 3129:"Hello, World!" 3067:"Hello, World!" 2446: 2250: 2154:"Hello, world!" 1941:"Hello, World!" 1863:bound to a value of type 1824:"Hello, World!" 1683:@pragma("vm:entry-point") 1655:"Hello, world!" 1458:"Hello, world!" 987:is non-negative and that 751:// more specifically in C 144: 4155:Not to be confused with 3426:"Hello World!" 3405: 3276: 3167:// HelloWorld.playground 3164: 3149: 3084: 3043: 2994: 2953:tty(main):001:0> ARGV 2946: 2863: 2800: 2784: 2731: 2703: 2647: 2607: 2477: 2405: 2270: 2239: 2215: 2094: 1977: 1917: 1785: 1710: 1634: 1533: 1477: 1440: 1397: 1368: 1246: 1154: 901: 845: 622: 282: 4206:"UIApplication — UIKit" 3473:event of the project's 3465:event of the project's 3452: 3024: 2757: 2596: 2375: 2336: 2325:, with n between 0 and 2300:'Hello, world!' 2268:" or any similar name. 2245:"Hello World" 2190: 1959: 1747: 1603: 407:GNU Compiler Collection 3678:. Msdn.microsoft.com. 2367: 1100:must be in the global 983:It is guaranteed that 968:(traditionally 0) and 802:command-line arguments 591: 157: 3643:"The main() function" 3306:UIApplicationDelegate 2973:The first element of 2459:, such as in Pascal. 1767: 1666:In this example, the 1123: 583:interpreted languages 547:Programming languages 237:or relative address ( 219:interpreted languages 208:programming languages 175:To start a program's 142: 4270:Computer programming 3279:// AppDelegate.swift 3262:function that calls 2917:irb(main):009:0> 2899:irb(main):008:0> 2890:irb(main):007:0> 2881:irb(main):006:1> 2875:irb(main):005:1> 2866:irb(main):004:0> 2818:irb(main):003:0> 2803:irb(main):002:0> 2787:irb(main):001:0> 1518: 1015:will initialise the 450:essential components 293:software development 162:computer programming 61:improve this article 3705:Android Development 3584:"Main Method in C#" 1871:; which is usually 1382:*World -> *World 1152:, and executes it. 568:runtime environment 505:directory.exe$ make 423:AddressOfEntryPoint 415:Portable Executable 354:programs this is a 4242:2016-11-17 at the 4162:2022-07-08 at the 4113:2013-08-31 at the 4067:2014-05-27 at the 3892:2010-07-27 at the 3707:. linuxtopia.org. 3618:docs.microsoft.com 3475:ConsoleApplication 3288:@UIApplicationMain 3248:@UIApplicationMain 3244:@NSApplicationMain 2951:irb/dev/ttyfoobar 2546:'__main__' 1883:, which organizes 1632:function in Dart: 1529:function prototype 976:at the end of the 618:function prototype 532:undefined behavior 246:C-family languages 158: 4157:Swift Playgrounds 3950:978-1-260-44022-5 3569:978-3-7643-5090-1 3191:"world" 3179:"hello" 2457:one-pass compiler 1903:usually has type 1889:purely functional 1728:"Cint!" 1475:a main function. 1116:cannot be called 557:command arguments 499:, delimited by a 419:Microsoft Windows 199:, if present) to 137: 136: 129: 111: 16:(Redirected from 4282: 4246:, March 16, 2010 4225: 4224: 4222: 4221: 4202: 4196: 4195: 4193: 4192: 4173: 4167: 4153: 4147: 4146: 4144: 4142: 4127: 4121: 4120: 4105: 4099: 4098: 4096: 4094: 4078: 4072: 4059: 4053: 4049: 4047: 4045: 4032:(May 15, 2003). 4030:Guido van Rossum 4026: 4020: 4019: 4014: 4013: 3999: 3993: 3992: 3987: 3986: 3972: 3966: 3965: 3936: 3930: 3929: 3923: 3922: 3903: 3897: 3884: 3878: 3877: 3875: 3874: 3859: 3853: 3843: 3837: 3836: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3813: 3798: 3792: 3791: 3789: 3788: 3779:. Archived from 3777:Argument Vector" 3776: 3769: 3763: 3760: 3754: 3753: 3751: 3750: 3735: 3729: 3726: 3720: 3719: 3717: 3716: 3697: 3691: 3690: 3688: 3687: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3663: 3662: 3639: 3633: 3632: 3630: 3629: 3609: 3603: 3602: 3600: 3599: 3580: 3574: 3573: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3543: 3524: 3497: 3492: 3491: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3448: 3445: 3442: 3439: 3436: 3433: 3430: 3427: 3424: 3421: 3418: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3402: 3398: 3382: 3379: 3376: 3373: 3370: 3367: 3364: 3361: 3358: 3355: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3340: 3337: 3334: 3331: 3328: 3325: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3304: 3301: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3283: 3280: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3231: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3207: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3192: 3189: 3186: 3183: 3180: 3177: 3174: 3171: 3168: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3136: 3133: 3130: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3118: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3104: 3101: 3098: 3094: 3091: 3088: 3081: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3040: 3036: 3032: 3020: 3013: 3010: 3007: 3004: 3001: 2998: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2976: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2950: 2944:constant array: 2943: 2936: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2921: 2918: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2906: 2903: 2900: 2897: 2894: 2891: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2837: 2834: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2822: 2819: 2816: 2813: 2810: 2807: 2804: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2738: 2735: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2700: 2693: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2675: 2672: 2669: 2666: 2663: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2587: 2580: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2547: 2544: 2541: 2538: 2535: 2532: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2490: 2487: 2484: 2481: 2474: 2470: 2465: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2409: 2399: 2391: 2387: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2348: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2313: 2310: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2295: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2267: 2246: 2243: 2233: 2226: 2211: 2178: 2177:HelloWorld.class 2171: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2140: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2084: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2041: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2002: 1999: 1996: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1955: 1949: 1942: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1927: 1924: 1921: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1867:, for some type 1866: 1862: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1831: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1816: 1813: 1810: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1795: 1792: 1789: 1783: 1780:function of the 1779: 1763: 1759: 1735: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1714: 1707: 1703: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1673: 1669: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1599: 1595: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1514: 1511: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1459: 1456: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1438:Or even simpler 1434: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1407: 1404: 1401: 1394: 1383: 1379: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1253: 1250: 1243: 1232: 1228: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1209: 1206: 1203: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1115: 1107: 1099: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1077: 1070: 1064: 1060: 1044: 1038: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 990: 986: 979: 975: 971: 967: 956: 953: 950: 947: 944: 941: 938: 935: 932: 929: 926: 923: 920: 917: 914: 911: 908: 905: 888: 885: 882: 879: 876: 873: 870: 867: 864: 861: 858: 855: 852: 849: 842: 836: 816: 811: 807: 795: 787: 773: 770: 767: 764: 761: 758: 755: 752: 749: 746: 743: 740: 737: 734: 731: 728: 725: 722: 719: 716: 713: 710: 707: 704: 701: 698: 695: 692: 689: 686: 683: 680: 677: 674: 671: 668: 665: 662: 659: 656: 653: 650: 647: 644: 641: 638: 635: 632: 629: 626: 578:global objects. 554: 541: 506: 497:executable image 447: 424: 417:format, used in 412: 404: 397:systems such as 381: 373: 361: 321:computer program 309: 278: 270: 251: 235:absolute address 233:which can be an 185:operating system 151: 150: 147: 132: 125: 121: 118: 112: 110: 69: 45: 37: 21: 4290: 4289: 4285: 4284: 4283: 4281: 4280: 4279: 4255: 4254: 4244:Wayback Machine 4233: 4228: 4219: 4217: 4204: 4203: 4199: 4190: 4188: 4175: 4174: 4170: 4164:Wayback Machine 4154: 4150: 4140: 4138: 4133:. GitHub Rust. 4129: 4128: 4124: 4118: 4115:Wayback Machine 4106: 4102: 4092: 4090: 4079: 4075: 4069:Wayback Machine 4060: 4056: 4043: 4041: 4027: 4023: 4011: 4009: 4001: 4000: 3996: 3984: 3982: 3974: 3973: 3969: 3951: 3937: 3933: 3920: 3918: 3905: 3904: 3900: 3894:Wayback Machine 3885: 3881: 3872: 3870: 3865:. Haskell.org. 3861: 3860: 3856: 3845:XL FORTRAN for 3844: 3840: 3825: 3824: 3820: 3811: 3809: 3800: 3799: 3795: 3786: 3784: 3774: 3771: 3770: 3766: 3761: 3757: 3748: 3746: 3737: 3736: 3732: 3727: 3723: 3714: 3712: 3699: 3698: 3694: 3685: 3683: 3674: 3673: 3669: 3660: 3658: 3641: 3640: 3636: 3627: 3625: 3610: 3606: 3597: 3595: 3582: 3581: 3577: 3570: 3554: 3550: 3541: 3539: 3526: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3493: 3486: 3483: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3455: 3450: 3449: 3446: 3443: 3440: 3437: 3434: 3431: 3428: 3425: 3422: 3419: 3416: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3400: 3399:procedure. The 3396: 3389: 3384: 3383: 3380: 3377: 3374: 3371: 3368: 3365: 3362: 3359: 3356: 3353: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3338: 3335: 3332: 3329: 3326: 3323: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3311: 3308: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3284: 3281: 3278: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3233: 3232: 3229: 3226: 3223: 3220: 3217: 3214: 3211: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3199: 3196: 3193: 3190: 3187: 3184: 3181: 3178: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3166: 3154:When run in an 3152: 3147: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3119: 3116: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3102: 3099: 3096: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3079: 3076: 3075: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3063: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3046:// In `main.rs` 3045: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3027: 3018: 3015: 3014: 3011: 3008: 3005: 3002: 2999: 2996: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2971: 2970: 2967: 2964: 2961: 2958: 2955: 2952: 2948: 2941: 2938: 2937: 2934: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2919: 2916: 2913: 2910: 2907: 2904: 2901: 2898: 2895: 2892: 2889: 2886: 2883: 2880: 2877: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2865: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2842: 2839: 2838: 2835: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2811: 2808: 2805: 2802: 2796: 2795: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2760: 2755: 2754: 2751: 2748: 2745: 2742: 2739: 2736: 2733: 2730: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2717: 2714: 2711: 2708: 2705: 2698: 2695: 2694: 2691: 2688: 2685: 2682: 2679: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2645: 2642: 2639: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2627: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2599: 2585: 2582: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2572: 2569: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2539: 2536: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2503: 2500: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2479: 2472: 2468: 2463: 2449: 2444: 2443: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2407: 2397: 2389: 2385: 2378: 2370: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2346: 2339: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2315: 2314: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2302: 2299: 2296: 2293: 2290: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2265: 2253: 2248: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2231: 2224: 2218: 2209: 2206: 2205:make "startup 2203: 2193: 2176: 2170:java HelloWorld 2169: 2166: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2156: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2138: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2126: 2123: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2082: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2064: 2063: 2060: 2057: 2054: 2051: 2048: 2045: 2042: 2039: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2027: 2024: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2003: 2000: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1973:method headings 1962: 1951: 1947: 1944: 1943: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1931: 1928: 1925: 1922: 1919: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1853: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1833: 1832: 1829: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1797:"fmt" 1796: 1793: 1790: 1787: 1781: 1777: 1770: 1761: 1757: 1750: 1737: 1736: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1705: 1701: 1695: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1671: 1667: 1664: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1642: 1639: 1636: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1616:function named 1606: 1597: 1593: 1590: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1538: 1535: 1521: 1516: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1494: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1469: 1461: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1442: 1436: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1392: 1381: 1380:and is of type 1377: 1371: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1347:Task<int> 1346: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1335: 1332: 1329: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1241: 1230: 1226: 1223: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1198: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1168: 1165: 1162: 1159: 1156: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1126: 1113: 1110:member function 1105: 1097: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1075: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1055:virtual machine 1040: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1016: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 988: 984: 977: 973: 969: 965: 958: 957: 954: 951: 948: 945: 942: 939: 936: 933: 930: 927: 924: 921: 918: 915: 912: 909: 906: 903: 890: 889: 886: 883: 880: 877: 874: 871: 868: 865: 862: 859: 856: 853: 850: 847: 838: 834: 817:; for example, 814: 809: 805: 804:. The names of 798:argument vector 793: 785: 775: 774: 771: 768: 765: 762: 759: 756: 753: 750: 747: 744: 741: 738: 735: 732: 729: 726: 723: 720: 717: 714: 711: 708: 705: 702: 699: 696: 693: 690: 687: 684: 681: 678: 675: 672: 669: 666: 663: 660: 657: 654: 651: 648: 645: 642: 639: 636: 633: 630: 627: 624: 606: 594: 552: 549: 539: 524: 504: 469: 445: 422: 410: 402: 389:(ELF), used in 379: 371: 359: 317: 307: 285: 276: 268: 249: 212:runtime library 148: 145: 133: 122: 116: 113: 70: 68: 58: 46: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4288: 4278: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4253: 4252: 4247: 4232: 4231:External links 4229: 4227: 4226: 4197: 4168: 4148: 4122: 4100: 4073: 4054: 4021: 3994: 3967: 3949: 3931: 3898: 3879: 3854: 3838: 3818: 3793: 3764: 3755: 3730: 3721: 3692: 3667: 3634: 3604: 3590:. 2018-11-30. 3575: 3568: 3548: 3518: 3516: 3513: 3512: 3511: 3509:Runtime system 3506: 3499: 3498: 3482: 3479: 3454: 3451: 3406: 3388: 3385: 3277: 3230:// hello world 3165: 3151: 3148: 3085: 3044: 3026: 3023: 3006:$ PROGRAM_NAME 2995: 2987:$ PROGRAM_NAME 2947: 2864: 2801: 2785: 2759: 2756: 2732: 2704: 2648: 2608: 2598: 2595: 2478: 2448: 2445: 2406: 2377: 2374: 2369: 2366: 2338: 2335: 2271: 2252: 2249: 2240: 2217: 2214: 2204: 2201: 2192: 2189: 2095: 1978: 1961: 1958: 1918: 1852: 1849: 1786: 1769: 1766: 1749: 1746: 1741:IBM System/360 1711: 1694: 1691: 1635: 1605: 1602: 1534: 1520: 1517: 1478: 1468: 1465: 1441: 1398: 1370: 1367: 1247: 1155: 1125: 1122: 902: 846: 790:argument count 623: 605: 602: 593: 590: 548: 545: 523: 520: 473:legacy systems 468: 465: 316: 313: 284: 281: 231:memory address 152:might look in 135: 134: 49: 47: 40: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4287: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4262: 4260: 4251: 4248: 4245: 4241: 4238: 4235: 4234: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4201: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4172: 4165: 4161: 4158: 4152: 4136: 4132: 4131:"Releases.md" 4126: 4116: 4112: 4109: 4104: 4088: 4084: 4077: 4070: 4066: 4063: 4058: 4052: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4025: 4018: 4008: 4004: 3998: 3991: 3981: 3977: 3971: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3946: 3942: 3935: 3928: 3916: 3912: 3908: 3902: 3895: 3891: 3888: 3883: 3868: 3864: 3858: 3852: 3848: 3842: 3835:. 2019-08-26. 3834: 3833: 3828: 3822: 3808:on 2008-02-04 3807: 3803: 3797: 3783:on 2015-12-22 3782: 3778: 3768: 3759: 3744: 3740: 3734: 3725: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3696: 3681: 3677: 3671: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3638: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3608: 3593: 3589: 3588:GeeksforGeeks 3585: 3579: 3571: 3565: 3561: 3560: 3552: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3523: 3519: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3501: 3500: 3496: 3490: 3485: 3478: 3460: 3404: 3394: 3354:launchOptions 3345:UIApplication 3275: 3273: 3268:UIApplication 3257: 3241: 3237: 3209:" " 3163: 3161: 3157: 3083: 3042: 3022: 2993: 2990: 2945: 2862: 2799: 2783: 2772:module .. end 2765: 2702: 2606: 2604: 2594: 2592: 2476: 2471:being set to 2460: 2458: 2453: 2404: 2401: 2395: 2383: 2373: 2365: 2350: 2344: 2334: 2330: 2269: 2262: 2258: 2242:print_endline 2238: 2235: 2228: 2222: 2213: 2208:The variable 2200: 2198: 2188: 2186: 2185:manifest file 2182: 2175: 2093: 2091: 2086: 2079: 2076:System.exit() 1976: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1957: 1954: 1916: 1914: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1858: 1848: 1784: 1775: 1765: 1755: 1745: 1742: 1709: 1699: 1690: 1675: 1672:Hello, world! 1633: 1614: 1610: 1601: 1532: 1530: 1526: 1476: 1474: 1464: 1439: 1396: 1391: 1387: 1375: 1366: 1245: 1239: 1234: 1153: 1135: 1131: 1121: 1119: 1111: 1103: 1094: 1081:If declared, 1079: 1072: 1071:system call. 1069: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1043: 1037: 1021:process with 1019: 1014: 994: 981: 963: 900: 898: 894: 844: 841: 832: 828: 824: 820: 803: 799: 791: 784: 779: 621: 619: 615: 611: 601: 599: 589: 586: 584: 579: 577: 573: 569: 565: 560: 558: 544: 535: 533: 529: 519: 517: 513: 508: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 464: 462: 458: 453: 451: 443: 438: 436: 432: 428: 420: 416: 408: 400: 396: 392: 388: 383: 377: 369: 368:static method 365: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 328: 326: 322: 312: 304: 302: 298: 294: 290: 280: 274: 273:CLI languages 266: 262: 261:JVM languages 257: 255: 254:main function 247: 242: 240: 236: 232: 228: 225:formats, and 224: 220: 215: 213: 209: 204: 202: 198: 195:(and dynamic 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 173: 171: 167: 163: 155: 141: 131: 128: 120: 117:February 2018 109: 106: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: –  77: 76:"Entry point" 73: 72:Find sources: 66: 62: 56: 55: 50:This article 48: 44: 39: 38: 33: 19: 18:Main function 4265:Control flow 4218:. 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The 1510:hello-main 1486:hello-main 1238:signatures 783:parameters 522:Exit point 475:, such as 467:Historical 457:fat binary 437:of 0100h. 289:executable 263:, such as 223:executable 87:newspapers 3401:Command$ 2965:ARGV.size 2887:=> nil 2833:ancestors 2743:COMMAND$ 2727:COMMAND$ 2699:COMMAND$ 2403:Example: 2394:arguments 2237:Example: 1913:unit type 1847:package. 1102:namespace 974:return 0; 604:C and C++ 431:COM files 395:Unix-like 221:, simple 197:link time 193:load time 177:execution 4275:Software 4240:Archived 4214:Archived 4185:Archived 4160:Archived 4135:Archived 4111:Archived 4087:Archived 4065:Archived 4051:comments 4044:June 29, 4038:Archived 3915:Archived 3890:Archived 3867:Archived 3743:Archived 3709:Archived 3680:Archived 3655:Archived 3622:Archived 3592:Archived 3536:Archived 3532:wiseGEEK 3481:See also 3463:App.Open 3321:UIWindow 3254:file in 3123:println! 3061:println! 3000:__FILE__ 2896:=> 42 2692:function 2650:function 2540:__name__ 2473:__main__ 2469:__name__ 2388:. 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