581:
855:
870:
48:
1026:
767:
760:
725:
690:
664:
388:
70:
712:
747:
480:
380:
408:
1007:
938:, South Africa many London planes line streets in older suburbs. In recent years the trees have been infested with the Polyphagous shot hole borer beetle. Some trees are reportedly developing resistance mechanisms but there are currently no effective measures against the borer beetle and it remains unclear how many trees will have to be cut down.
848:. A pollarded tree has a drastically different appearance than an unpruned tree, being much shorter with stunted, club-like branches. Although pollarding requires frequent maintenance (the trees must usually be repruned every year), it creates a distinctive shape that is often sought after in plazas, main streets, and other urban areas.
978:'Bloodgood', This is one of the first cultivars to be selected for anthracnose resistance. It is a rounded tree with deep green leaves that turn a poor yellow in fall. The plant tolerates poor cultural conditions, including heat, drought and poor soil. Recent observations indicate susceptibility to ozone.
840:
The tree is fairly wind-resistant. However, it has a number of problems in urban use, most notably the short, stiff hairs shed by the young leaves and the dispersing seeds; these are an irritant if breathed in, and can exacerbate breathing difficulties for people with asthma. The vigorous roots can
816:
to weather the pollution of London. It is now extensively cultivated in most temperate latitudes as an ornamental and parkland tree, and is a commonly planted tree in cities throughout the temperate regions of the world, in London and many other cities. It has a greater degree of winter cold
457:
with numerous stiff hairs which aid wind dispersal; the cluster breaks up slowly over the winter to release the numerous 2–3 mm (0.08–0.12 in) seeds. The London Plane is one of the most efficient trees in removing small particulate pollutants in urban areas.
889:
the symbol of that organization is a cross between the leaf of the London plane and a maple leaf. It is prominently featured on signs and buildings in public parks across the city. The tree is on the NYC Parks
Department's list of restricted use species for street
841:
also cause problems with paving in cities, making uneven surfaces with tripping hazards. The large leaves can create a disposal problem in cities, as they are tough and sometimes can take more than one year to break down if they remain whole.
987:'Metzam' (Metroshade), A new introduction that grows strongly with a pyramidal habit, this cultivar is also said to be disease resistant with lustrous green foliage that emerges with a reddish cast.
545:
produced extremely low yields of germinable seed, but true hybrids were obtained from all interspecific combinations. Apomixis (asexual reproduction from non-fertilized seeds) appeared common in
993:'Pyramidalis'. A cultivar or cultivar group common in London, with rich glossy green leaves, and a characteristic tendency to produce straight branches, compared to sinuous ones in other forms.
467:(American sycamore), from which it is derived; however, the two species are relatively easy to distinguish, considering the London plane is almost exclusively planted in urban habitats, while
441:
3–10 cm (1–4 in) long. The young leaves in spring are coated with minute, fine, stiff hairs at first, but these wear off and by late summer the leaves are hairless or nearly so. The
502:
parent needs considerable summer heat to grow well and is near-impossible to grow successfully in cooler climates like
Britain, but there is also speculation that it could have happened in
812:
The London plane is very tolerant of atmospheric pollution and root compaction, and for this reason it is a popular urban roadside tree. It was planted extensively in
1673:. Author: Santamour, Frank S.1. Source: Forest Science, Volume 18, Number 3, 1 September 1972, pp. 236–239(4) Publisher: Society of American Foresters
1162:
510:
saw the tree in the mid-17th century. The leaf and flower characteristics are intermediate between the two parent species, the leaf being more deeply lobed than
1025:
984:'Liberty'. A U.S. National Arboretum introduction, this pyramidal tree grows vigorously. It shows good tolerance for mildew, anthracnose, heat and drought.
1250:
425:
growing 20–40 m (65–130 ft), exceptionally to 50 m (160 ft) tall, with a trunk up to 10 m (33 ft) in circumference. The
886:
2282:
1882:
975:'Augustine Henry'. This is a tall growing cultivar, with very large, pale green leaves. It produces a strong leader and a cylindrical trunk.
962:, the timber has a distinctive and highly decorative appearance of dark reddish-brown flecks against a lighter background and is known as
854:
1951:
1456:
498:
had been planted in proximity to one another. It is most likely that the hybridization took place in Spain or southern France, as the
621:. Aiton described this variety with a two-word Latin diagnosis, "foliis transversis", and called it the Spanish plane tree. In 1805,
2094:
1830:
1083:
2133:
2107:
1843:
1330:
1321:
999:'Yarwood'. Very resistant to powdery mildew and highly susceptible to anthracnose. Poor structure. Being abandoned in California.
2169:
2151:
2138:
1930:
1435:
2068:
1166:
635:. The species name was then modified to include the multiplication symbol to indicate its suspected hybrid parentage.
2277:
1664:
1609:
1575:
1205:
1074:
453:
matures in about 6 months, to 2–3 centimetres (0.8–1.2 in) diameter, and comprises a dense spherical cluster of
1736:
1887:
1006:
2120:
1869:
1417:
537:
resulted in good yields of germinable seed and true hybrid seedlings. Crosses of both species, as females, with
2174:
990:'Mirkovec'. Has a dwarf, shrubby habit and unusual variegated lobed leaves with pink, cream and bronze regions.
802:
2213:
1969:
1541:
1326:
2086:
1770:
1353:
1254:
17:
2267:
2055:
1755:
1427:
869:
830:
794:
507:
412:
2208:
2112:
1964:
1848:
1423:
1312:
1302:, Volume 18, Number 3, 1 September 1972, pp. 236–239(4) Publisher: Society of American Foresters
437:-like, the leaf blade 10–20 cm (4–8 in) long and 12–25 cm (5–10 in) broad, with a
2272:
2161:
2146:
1897:
69:
1822:
1225:
1515:
1486:
1193:
1137:
1053:
2081:
1136:
Selmi, Wissal; Weber, Christiane; Rivière, Emmanuel; Blonda, Nadège; Mehdi, Lotfi; Nowak, David.
1956:
1111:
596:
201:
1694:
834:
622:
580:
463:
372:
177:
47:
1778:
1464:
429:
is usually pale grey-green, smooth and exfoliating, or buff-brown and not exfoliating. The
981:'Columbia'. Resists mildew and anthracnose, this tree has deeply lobed, dark green leaves.
8:
2200:
922:. The tree is commonly used because of its resilience to warm weather, its benefits as a
806:
366:
1943:
1809:
2234:
2000:
1817:
352:
210:
64:
906:, the London plane is used extensively as a street tree in major cities, particularly
2262:
1660:
1605:
1571:
1201:
861:
631:
572:
infection. Two selections, 'Columbia' and 'Liberty', were released in August, 1984.
2239:
2005:
1460:
1372:
805:. The list specifically mentions Britain's first London plane being in the city of
798:
614:
503:
484:
438:
392:
361:
2060:
2047:
1760:
1747:
1388:
1138:"Air pollution removal by trees in public green spaces in Strasbourg city, France"
766:
759:
724:
689:
663:
526:). The hybrid is fertile, and seedlings are occasionally found near mature trees.
2182:
2036:
1992:
1905:
1431:
609:
107:
56:
1920:
595:
was first formally described in the botanical literature by the German botanist
2195:
1938:
746:
711:
603:. Later, it was described in the botanical literature by the Scottish botanist
94:
2256:
2073:
1721:
1657:
1602:
891:
813:
625:
chose to elevate Aiton's variety to species rank, publishing the new species
604:
471:
is most commonly found growing in lowlands and alluvial soils along streams.
446:
426:
224:
197:
1982:
2226:
1683:
959:
935:
781:
396:
2187:
1910:
387:
1856:
1730:
1013:
822:
785:
569:
449:
on a pendulous stem, with male and female flowers on separate stems. The
140:
1112:"The thickest, tallest, and oldest London Planes (Platanus × hispanica)"
738:
703:
677:
651:
585:
2099:
1835:
923:
845:
568:). The offspring were evaluated following several years of exposure to
1861:
479:
379:
1804:
1791:
946:
The London plane is cultivated in
Central, Northeastern and Southern
911:
903:
419:
407:
130:
1688:
433:
are thick and stiff-textured, broad, palmately lobed, superficially
2221:
2030:
1977:
1715:
963:
915:
347:
150:
120:
2125:
1874:
1796:
1404:
1087:
490:
The species was formed by hybridization in the 17th century after
1064:
Northern
Ontario Plant Database. Accessed online: 9 January 2011.
1017:
1783:
907:
454:
442:
228:
947:
919:
450:
434:
81:
894:, because it constitutes more than 10% of all street trees.
926:, resistance to breakage and tolerance of urban pollution.
445:
are borne in one to three (most often two) dense spherical
430:
422:
1160:
552:
In 1968 and 1970, Frank S. Santamour Jr. recreated the
844:
London planes are often pruned by a technique called
1521:. Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 79
518:, and the seed balls typically two per stem (one in
1135:
2254:
929:
887:New York City Department of Parks and Recreation
996:'Suttneri'. Leaves are variegated creamy white.
1381:
1305:
1251:"The Secret History Of The London Plane Tree"
1593:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1248:
1640:Trees and Shrubs hardy in the British Isles
1284:Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles
1200:. London: HarperCollins. pp. 269–271.
1047:
564:of Turkish origin with American sycamores (
529:Controlled reciprocal pollinations between
1365:
1188:
1186:
1184:
46:
1584:
1457:"Fifty Great Trees for Fifty Great Years"
1362:, 9: 44. Accessed online: 9 January 2011.
1449:
1298:. Author: Santamour, Frank S.1. Source:
1223:
1192:
1084:Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland
579:
478:
461:It shares many visual similarities with
406:
386:
378:
1671:Interspecific Hybridization in Platanus
1565:
1331:United States Department of Agriculture
1322:Germplasm Resources Information Network
1296:Interspecific Hybridization in Platanus
1181:
14:
2255:
1349:
1347:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1219:
1217:
1031:Single seed ball per stem: similar to
1693:
1692:
1067:
291:auct. non Mill. ex Münchh., nom. dub.
2162:043996f3-3f2b-4636-9c6d-e426619294fb
1898:459ee271-075b-4322-9706-6a5c1de3170c
1539:
1397:
1073:
1570:. Hertford UK: Stobard Davies Ltd.
1436:Australian National Botanic Gardens
1394:Editio Quarta. Berolini. 4(1): 474.
1344:
1269:
1226:"A Short Guide to the London Plane"
1214:
880:
803:Queen Elizabeth II's Golden Jubilee
24:
2283:Taxa named by Otto von Münchhausen
1632:
25:
2294:
1677:
1104:
2214:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685841-1
1970:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685854-1
1198:Alan Mitchell's Trees of Britain
1161:O. O. Wells, R. C. Schmidtling.
1024:
1005:
868:
853:
765:
758:
745:
723:
710:
688:
662:
588:, Belgrade, was planted in 1834.
68:
1647:New RHS Dictionary of Gardening
1623:New RHS Dictionary of Gardening
1615:
1559:
1533:
1508:
1479:
1418:International Plant Names Index
1289:
897:
1242:
1154:
1129:
801:selected in 2002 in honour of
638:
411:London plane on the campus of
402:
27:Species of tree (London plane)
13:
1:
1540:Bega, Sheree (Nov 10, 2018).
1327:Agricultural Research Service
1249:Venables, B. (4 March 2015).
1040:
1016:eating London plane seeds in
930:In Johannesburg, South Africa
821:, and is less susceptible to
259:(Bolle ex Janko) C.K.Schneid.
1542:"How to save Joburg's trees"
969:
793:London planes are two of 50
755:
720:
685:
659:
418:The London plane is a large
7:
1654:Trees of Britain and Europe
1599:Trees of Britain and Europe
1566:Lincoln, William A (1986).
1428:Harvard University Herbaria
1253:. Londonist. Archived from
941:
860:Foliage close-up seen near
831:Royal Horticultural Society
575:
508:John Tradescant the Younger
413:New Mexico State University
351:. It is often known by the
10:
2299:
1424:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
829:. The tree has gained the
2016:
1701:
1684:University of Connecticut
1516:"AGM Plants - Ornamental"
1035:, not found in all clones
953:
779:
737:
707:Cross-eye view
702:
676:
650:
645:
629:in the fourth edition of
474:
345:, is a tree in the genus
216:
209:
183:
176:
65:Scientific classification
63:
54:
45:
34:
2278:Plants described in 1789
1645:Huxley, A., ed. (1992).
1621:Huxley, A., ed. (1992).
742:Parallel view
360:, a later name. It is a
307:(Jaennicke) C.K.Schneid.
275:(Jaennicke) C.K.Schneid.
1387:Willdenow, C. L. 1805.
59:, London, planted 1789
1652:Rushforth, K. (1999).
1597:Rushforth, K. (1999).
1487:"RHS Plant Selector -
1463:. 2002. Archived from
655:Right frame
589:
487:
415:
399:
391:Hybrid plane trees in
384:
376:(American sycamore).
55:London plane trees in
1568:World Woods in Colour
835:Award of Garden Merit
681:Left frame
623:Carl Ludwig Willdenow
583:
482:
464:Platanus occidentalis
410:
390:
382:
373:Platanus occidentalis
370:(oriental plane) and
357:Platanus × acerifolia
220:Platanus × acerifolia
1737:Platanus × hispanica
1169:on 27 September 2013
597:Otto von Münchhausen
593:Platanus × hispanica
469:P. occidentalis
383:Platanus x hispanica
1355:Platanus acerifolia
833:of Great Britain's
807:Ely, Cambridgeshire
795:Great British Trees
367:Platanus orientalis
236:Platanus orientalis
2268:Plant nothospecies
1921:Platanus_hispanica
1823:Platanus hispanica
1357:(Aiton) Willdenow.
1315:Platanus hispanica
1257:on 2 February 2016
590:
488:
416:
400:
385:
2250:
2249:
1695:Taxon identifiers
1642:. (8th ed., 1976)
1390:Species Plantarum
1286:. (8th ed., 1976)
1224:Hull, R. (2009).
885:According to the
862:Westminster Abbey
791:
790:
775:
774:
733:
732:
698:
697:
672:
671:
632:Species Plantarum
607:in his 1789 work
599:in his 1770 work
514:but less so than
326:
325:
320:
308:
292:
276:
260:
244:
232:
16:(Redirected from
2290:
2273:Ornamental trees
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1461:The Tree Council
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1395:
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1379:
1371:Aiton, W. 1789.
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1237:
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1190:
1179:
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1174:
1165:. Archived from
1158:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1142:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1116:Monumental Trees
1108:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1092:
1086:. Archived from
1081:
1071:
1065:
1051:
1028:
1009:
881:In New York City
872:
857:
799:the Tree Council
769:
762:
751:
749:
739:
727:
716:
714:
704:
692:
678:
666:
652:
643:
642:
506:in London where
504:Vauxhall Gardens
485:Whittier College
483:London plane in
393:Villa del Parque
318:
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290:
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73:
72:
50:
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21:
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2183:Observation.org
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2029:
2019:
2012:
2004:
1999:
1991:
1989:
1981:
1976:
1968:
1963:
1955:
1950:
1942:
1937:
1929:
1927:
1919:
1917:
1909:
1906:Observation.org
1904:
1896:
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1873:
1868:
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1468:
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1403:
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1398:
1386:
1382:
1374:Hortus Kewensis
1370:
1366:
1352:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1294:
1290:
1281:
1270:
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1105:
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1090:
1079:
1072:
1068:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1036:
1033:P. occidentalis
1029:
1020:
1010:
972:
956:
944:
932:
900:
883:
876:
873:
864:
858:
827:P. occidentalis
817:tolerance than
814:Victorian times
771:
770:
763:
743:
729:
728:
708:
694:
693:
668:
667:
641:
610:Hortus Kewensis
578:
566:P. occidentalis
558:P. occidentalis
531:P. occidentalis
520:P. occidentalis
512:P. occidentalis
500:P. occidentalis
496:P. occidentalis
477:
405:
395:Train Station,
205:
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188:
185:
172:
166:
67:
57:Berkeley Square
37:
28:
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2240:wfo-0000486972
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2013:
2011:
2010:
2006:wfo-0000486955
1997:
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1961:
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1678:External links
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1360:Flora of China
1343:
1304:
1300:Forest Science
1288:
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1213:
1206:
1194:Mitchell, Alan
1180:
1153:
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1076:BSBI List 2007
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931:
928:
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764:
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660:
657:
656:
648:
647:
640:
637:
584:This example,
577:
574:
560:cross using a
476:
473:
447:inflorescences
404:
401:
324:
323:
322:
321:
309:
293:
277:
261:
245:
233:
214:
213:
207:
206:
196:
191: hispanica
181:
180:
174:
173:
169: hispanica
162:
160:
156:
155:
148:
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
128:
124:
123:
118:
111:
110:
105:
98:
97:
92:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
61:
60:
52:
51:
43:
42:
40: hispanica
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2295:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
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2264:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2241:
2236:
2232:
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2148:
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2105:
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2066:
2062:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2038:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2015:
2007:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1926:
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1916:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1899:
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1889:
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1871:
1867:
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1762:
1757:
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1717:
1713:
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1700:
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1672:
1669:
1666:
1665:0-00-220013-9
1662:
1659:
1658:HarperCollins
1655:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1624:
1618:
1611:
1610:0-00-220013-9
1607:
1604:
1603:HarperCollins
1600:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1579:
1577:0-85442-028-2
1573:
1569:
1562:
1547:
1543:
1536:
1517:
1511:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1482:
1467:on 2003-01-06
1466:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
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1419:
1414:
1412:
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1273:
1256:
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1220:
1218:
1209:
1207:0-00-219972-6
1203:
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1189:
1187:
1185:
1168:
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1139:
1132:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1093:on 2015-06-26
1089:
1085:
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1063:
1061:
1057:
1050:
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1027:
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986:
983:
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977:
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961:
951:
949:
939:
937:
927:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
895:
893:
892:tree planting
888:
871:
866:
863:
856:
851:
850:
849:
847:
842:
838:
836:
832:
828:
825:disease than
824:
820:
819:P. orientalis
815:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
787:
783:
778:
768:
761:
754:
748:
741:
740:
736:
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719:
713:
706:
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691:
684:
680:
679:
675:
665:
658:
654:
653:
649:
644:
636:
634:
633:
628:
627:P. acerifolia
624:
620:
619:P. orientalis
616:
612:
611:
606:
605:William Aiton
602:
601:der Hausvater
598:
594:
587:
586:Topčider Park
582:
573:
571:
567:
563:
562:P. orientalis
559:
555:
554:P. orientalis
550:
548:
547:P. orientalis
544:
540:
536:
535:P. orientalis
532:
527:
525:
524:P. orientalis
521:
517:
516:P. orientalis
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
492:P. orientalis
486:
481:
472:
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456:
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448:
444:
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436:
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257:
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237:
234:
230:
226:
221:
218:
217:
215:
212:
208:
203:
199:
194:
192:
182:
179:
178:Binomial name
175:
171:
170:
161:
158:
157:
154:
153:
149:
146:
145:
142:
139:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
125:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
96:
95:Tracheophytes
93:
90:
87:
86:
83:
80:
77:
76:
71:
66:
62:
58:
53:
49:
44:
41:
33:
30:
19:
2201:tro-25300017
2017:
1702:
1670:
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1646:
1639:
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1622:
1617:
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1567:
1561:
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1545:
1535:
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1510:
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1492:
1488:
1481:
1469:. Retrieved
1465:the original
1451:
1439:. Retrieved
1416:
1410:
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1389:
1383:
1373:
1367:
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1334:. Retrieved
1320:
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1255:the original
1244:
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1197:
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1167:the original
1156:
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1131:
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1115:
1106:
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1088:the original
1075:
1069:
1059:
1055:
1049:
1032:
960:quarter-sawn
957:
945:
936:Johannesburg
933:
901:
898:In Australia
884:
843:
839:
826:
818:
811:
792:
782:London plane
646:Stereo image
630:
626:
618:
608:
600:
592:
591:
565:
561:
557:
553:
551:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
528:
523:
519:
515:
511:
499:
495:
491:
489:
468:
462:
460:
417:
397:Buenos Aires
371:
365:
356:
355:
346:
343:hybrid plane
342:
339:London plane
338:
333:
329:
328:
327:
315:
311:
303:
299:
295:
287:
283:
279:
271:
267:
263:
255:
251:
247:
243:Aiton (1789)
239:
235:
219:
186:
184:
164:
163:
151:
114:
101:
88:
35:
29:
18:London plane
1944:kew-2570290
1857:iNaturalist
1731:Wikispecies
1551:25 November
1173:23 December
1121:4 September
1054:Synonymy -
1014:house finch
823:anthracnose
786:Jesus Green
639:Cultivation
570:anthracnose
543:P. wrightii
539:P. racemosa
403:Description
256:pyramidalis
141:Platanaceae
108:Angiosperms
2257:Categories
2196:Plant List
2022:acerifolia
1939:Plant List
1768:Calflora:
1500:6 February
1411:acerifolia
1336:10 January
1261:2 February
1234:2 February
1163:"Sycamore"
1097:2014-10-17
1060:acerifolia
1041:References
924:shade tree
846:pollarding
780:Avenue of
300:acerifolia
284:acerifolia
268:acerifolia
252:acerifolia
240:acerifolia
2087:200010587
2037:Q24853030
2018:Platanus
1983:100382912
1805:FloraBase
1707:hispanica
1703:Platanus
1493:hispanica
1441:9 January
1432:Libraries
970:Cultivars
912:Melbourne
904:Australia
784:trees on
522:, 3–6 in
420:deciduous
334:hispanica
304:kelseyana
288:hispanica
187:Platanus
159:Species:
131:Proteales
78:Kingdom:
36:Platanus
2263:Platanus
2227:25300017
2222:Tropicos
2126:685841-1
2031:Wikidata
1990:VASCAN:
1978:Tropicos
1918:PalDat:
1875:685855-1
1716:Wikidata
1489:Platanus
1407:Platanus
1196:(1996).
1146:20 April
1056:Platanus
964:lacewood
942:In China
916:Adelaide
576:Taxonomy
348:Platanus
330:Platanus
312:Platanus
296:Platanus
280:Platanus
272:suttneri
264:Platanus
248:Platanus
211:Synonyms
165:P.
152:Platanus
137:Family:
121:Eudicots
2147:MoBotPF
2100:3152815
1836:7400250
1722:Q161374
1378:3: 364.
1018:Seattle
615:variety
455:achenes
443:flowers
439:petiole
353:synonym
316:hybrida
202:Münchh.
147:Genus:
127:Order:
82:Plantae
2188:909638
2159:NZOR:
2152:285140
2139:519166
2074:177913
2061:197468
2048:150970
2045:APDB:
1952:PLANTS
1911:909636
1895:NZOR:
1888:140101
1862:552449
1784:468381
1761:201863
1748:150971
1745:APDB:
1663:
1638:Bean.
1608:
1574:
1430:&
1420:(IPNI)
1282:Bean.
1204:
954:Timber
908:Sydney
475:Origin
431:leaves
362:hybrid
337:, the
231:(1805)
229:Willd.
204:(1770)
2170:NZPCN
2113:28797
2069:EUNIS
1993:28027
1928:PFI:
1849:28801
1818:FoAO2
1810:19512
1797:PLTHY
1771:11935
1525:2 May
1519:(PDF)
1471:1 May
1317:auct"
1229:(PDF)
1141:(PDF)
1091:(xls)
1080:(xls)
958:When
948:China
920:Perth
875:Fruit
797:that
613:as a
451:fruit
435:maple
319:Brot.
302:var.
286:var.
238:var.
225:Aiton
198:Mill.
115:Clade
102:Clade
89:Clade
2209:POWO
2175:3058
2134:ITIS
2121:IPNI
2108:GRIN
2095:GBIF
2056:APNI
1965:POWO
1957:PLHI
1931:1706
1883:NCBI
1870:IPNI
1844:GRIN
1831:GBIF
1792:EPPO
1756:APNI
1661:ISBN
1606:ISBN
1572:ISBN
1553:2021
1527:2018
1502:2021
1473:2013
1443:2011
1338:2011
1263:2016
1236:2016
1202:ISBN
1175:2013
1148:2018
1123:2024
918:and
541:and
533:and
494:and
427:bark
423:tree
2235:WFO
2082:FoC
2001:WFO
1779:EoL
1546:IOL
934:In
902:In
617:of
556:by
364:of
341:or
270:f.
254:f.
200:ex
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1980::
1967::
1954::
1941::
1908::
1885::
1872::
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1846::
1833::
1820::
1807::
1794::
1781::
1758::
1733::
1718::
1656:.
1601:.
1586:^
1544:.
1491:×
1459:.
1434:;
1426:;
1422:.
1415:.
1409:×
1346:^
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1325:.
1319:.
1271:^
1216:^
1183:^
1114:.
1082:.
1012:A
966:.
950:.
914:,
910:,
837:.
809:.
549:.
332:×
314:×
298:×
282:×
266:×
250:×
227:)
117::
104::
91::
2020:×
1705:×
1667:.
1612:.
1580:.
1555:.
1529:.
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1392:.
1376:.
1340:.
1313:"
1265:.
1238:.
1210:.
1177:.
1150:.
1125:.
1100:.
1062:.
1058:×
750:)
744:(
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709:(
223:(
189:×
167:×
38:×
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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