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Local government in Sri Lanka

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Council were created from parts of Ambagamuwa Divisional Council, and Agarapathana Divisional Council and Kotagala Divisional Council were created from parts of Nuwara Eliya Divisional Council. As of November 2017 there were 341 local authorities (24 municipal councils, 41 urban councils and 276 divisional councils).
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Local authorities have the power to instigate legal action, enter into contracts, acquire land and employ staff. However, these powers are somewhat curtailed by the fact that they are subordinate to the Central Government and Provincial Councils and by the fact that other state institutions (such as
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and 24 DDCs created. The DDCs consisted of elected members and local Members of Parliament. District Ministers were also created. In addition, legislation was passed to abolish the Town Councils and Village Committees and to transfer their functions to the new DDCs. This last move was opposed by the
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settlements, dating to the 4th century BC, were village based. These villages were used by the Sinhalese kings as a unit of administration. Each village was independently administered. Village Councils (Gam Sabhas) administered local affairs, addressed people's grievances and settled minor disputes.
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Millaniya Divisional Council was created from parts of Bandaragama Divisional Council in October 2012. Thamankaduwa Divisional Council was split into Polonnaruwa Municipal Council and Polonnaruwa Pradeshiya Sabha in December 2016. In November 2017 Maskeliya Divisional Council and Norwood Divisional
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to create a Village Committee at the request of local residents. The Government Agent chaired the Village Committee and other members were appointed. The Village Committees were similar to the Village Councils. Village Committees worked well and in 1938 reforms were carried out allowing for members
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created Provincial Road Committees and District Road Committees to administer the country's public roads. The committees consisted of government officials, appointed members and elected members. The Road Committees functioned between 1861 and 1951 when their functions were transferred to the Public
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Local authorities are required to "provide for the comfort, convenience and well being of the community". Laws require local authorities to carry out regulatory and administrative functions, promote public health and provide physical structures. Local authorities can only provide services that the
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which had previously been governed by the Board of Investment of Sri Lanka. In 1997 Moratuwa and Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte Urban Councils were promoted to Municipal Councils. As of 199 there were 309 local authorities (14 MC, 37 UC, 258 DC). All parts of Sri Lanka are governed by local authorities
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created Town Councils for small towns. 24 Town Councils were created by abolishing all the Sanitary Boards and Local Health and Sanitation Boards that existed at that time. The Town Councils were divided into wards and provided local services such as thoroughfares, public health, common amenities,
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In January 2011 there were a number of changes to local authorities, taking the total number to 335: two urban councils were promoted to municipal councils (Bandarawela, Hambantota), one divisional council was promoted to municipal council (Kaduwela), one divisional council was promoted to urban
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requiring 25% of candidates at local elections to be female. Small parties and those representing ethnic parties complained that the new mixed electoral system put them at a disadvantage and as a result the government agreed to change the ratio between first past the post and proportional
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to be elected, the chairman being elected by other members, the creation of wards and the exclusion of local chiefs from being members. Village Committees could now collect land tax and provide local services such as roads, water supply, common amenities and public health.
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created three types of local authorities: Urban District Councils (UDC), Rural District Councils and General Councils. Previous local authorities had been mostly appointed but these new authorities were elected. Two UDCs were created in 1922 and a further six in 1923.
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made a number of recommendations in relation to local government including that all members of local authorities be elected, the establishment of new authorities, reorganisation of existing authorities and the creation of the Department of Local Government. The
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created bodies to provide a number of public health services such as electricity, drainage, public conveniences, markets, dairies, laundries and water supply in small towns. The Sanitary Boards consisted of officials appointed by the Governor. The
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transferred some powers from Central Government to local authorities and granted new powers to Urban Councils. In the thirty years after independence, local authorities received more and more powers. There were 40 amendments to the
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created Local Health and Sanitation Boards for larger towns. Their composition and powers were similar to the Sanitary Boards. The Local Health and Sanitation Boards started functioning on 1 September 1899.
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law specifically allows them to do. Services provided by local authorities include roads, drains, parks, libraries, housing, waste collection, public conveniences, markets and recreational facilities.
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transferred responsibility for some local administration to local residents. The Municipal Councils consisted of elected and appointed members. Under the ordinance Municipal Councils were created for
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The 1979 Tennakoon Commission recommended that District Development Councils (DDC) be established to carry out development functions currently carried out by the Central Government. The
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As of November 2017, there were 341 local authorities (24 municipal councils, 41 urban councils and 276 divisional councils). All local authorities are elected using the
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The DDCs didn't live up to expectations and a new form of local government was sought. The Wanasinghe Committee recommended that the DDC's be abolished and replaced by
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Local authorities don't derive their powers from an individual source but from numerous Acts and Ordinances. The main Acts relating to local government are the
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When Ceylon achieved independence in 1948 local authorities consisted of Municipal Councils (3), Urban Councils, Town Councils and Village Committees. The
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council (Eravur), two new municipal councils were created (Akkaraipattu, Dambulla) and two new divisional councils were created (Lunugala, Narammala).
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Tennakoon Commission. The 24 DDCs started functioning on 1 July 1981. At the same time, 83 Town Councils and 549 Village Committees were abolished.
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re-introduced the Village Councils to oversee agriculture and irrigation. The Village Councils were chaired by the British-appointed
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introduced Village Committees for local administration and Rural Courts for judicial administration. The ordinance allowed the
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Marasinghe, Sandasen; Mudalige, Disna (25 August 2017). "Amended Local Government Elections Bill approved in Parliament".
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which, amongst things, changed the ratio between first past the post and proportional representation from 70:30 to 60:40.
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https://web.archive.org/web/20110304064422/http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/vam/wfp173167.pdf
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transferred the control and supervision of local government from Central Government to the newly created
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whereby 70% of members would be elected using first past the post voting and the remaining 30% through
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or Assistant Government Agent who in turn appointed the other members of the Village Councils.
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created Urban Councils in the largest towns in the country. 27 Urban Councils created. The
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Distribution of local authorities by province/district and council type in November 2017:
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on 15 April 1987. The Divisional Councils were generally commensurate with their namesake
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of 1833 recommended that some form of village committee system should be introduced. The
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After the 2018 local elections, 29.1% of councillors were female, up from 1.9% in 2011.
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changed the method of electing all local authority members from first-past-the-post to
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The village-based administration continued for centuries in one form or the other.
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The local government saw a number of developments in the late 19th century. The
1907:"Chapter 1 – Historical Background Relating to Local Government in Sri Lanka". 1431: 989: 759:), sometimes called Rural Councils or Regional Councils. Parliament passed the 611: 1989: 4336: 4311: 3361: 2273: 1769:"Identification of DS Divisions of Sri Lanka Vulnerable for food insecurity" 3927: 2989: 2902: 2535: 2196:
The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Extraordinary
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The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Extraordinary
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The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Extraordinary
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The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Extraordinary
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The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Extraordinary
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The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Extraordinary
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Sri Lanka's local authorities do not run schools, hospitals or the police.
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also changed the method of electing all local authority members from the
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and Koggala which are governed by the Board of Investment of Sri Lanka.
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In 1818 the Village Councils were abolished by the British rulers of
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Sri Lanka has a long history of local government. According to the
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Sri Lankan local authorities are divided into 3 different groups:
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Divisional secretariats (DS divisions) are subdivided into 14,022
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proportional representation. In February 2016 Parliament passed
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Report of the Commission of Inquiry on Local Government Reforms
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Report of the Commission of Inquiry on Local Government Reforms
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Local Authorities Elections (Amendment) Act, No. 16 of 2017
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Local Authorities Elections (Amendment) Act, No. 22 of 2012
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are run by the Central Government or Provincial Councils.
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Local Authorities Elections (Amendment) Act, No. 1 of 2016
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Local Authorities (Special Provisions) Act, No. 21 of 2012
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Local Authorities Enlargement of Powers Act No. 8 of 1952
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Marasinghe, Sandasen; Mudalige, Disna (26 August 2017).
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Local Authorities (Amendment) Act Nos. 20 and 24 of 1987
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Local Authorities (Amendment) Act Nos. 20 and 24 of 1987
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Prior to 1987 local authorities were elected using the
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representation. On 25 August 2017 Parliament passed
2473:"Nat. Govt. to part ways for local polls next year" 558:And some areas have special administrations : 2702: 2557: 620:Paddy Lands and Irrigation Ordinance No. 9 of 1856 703:physical planning and the collection of revenue. 4334: 1808: 936:. In 2012 the electoral system was changed to a 877:) enjoy similar powers as the local authority. 492:is the third and lowest level of government in 2359:"Increasing Female Participation In Elections" 2198:. 2043/57. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 2 November 2017 2169:. 1998/2. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 19 December 2016 3943: 2816: 2731: 2111:. 1687/30. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 6 January 2011 2082:. 1687/23. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 5 January 2011 2053:. 1687/13. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 4 January 2011 801:In 1995 a Divisional Council was created for 468: 3957: 2356: 2140:. 1778/6. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 2 October 2012 654:Village Communities Ordinance No. 26 of 1871 2673: 2357:Warunasuriya, Ashanthi (21 February 2016). 2274:"LG elections amendment draft bills passed" 1983: 1981: 1661:Commonwealth local government handbook 2004 3950: 3936: 2823: 2809: 2738: 2724: 2528: 2386:Kaviratne, Isuri Yasasmin (26 June 2016). 2246:"New election system for LG bodies passed" 1955: 859:Municipal Council Ordinance No. 29 of 1947 639:Municipal Council Ordinance No. 17 of 1865 532:District secretary / Government Agent (GA) 475: 461: 2830: 2674:Dissanayake, Chathuri (5 December 2017). 2644: 2502:"New amendment to mixed electoral system" 2442: 2385: 1987: 1743:"Grama Niladhari Administration Division" 821:On 10 October 2012 Parliament passed the 683:Local Government Ordinance No. 11 of 1920 2638: 2499: 1978: 1681:The Local Government System in Sri Lanka 938:Mixed-member proportional representation 670:Sanitary Boards Ordinance No. 18 of 1892 552:Grama Niladharis (GN) / village officers 2619: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2611: 1921: 1902: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1894: 1892: 1890: 920:system with each member representing a 863:Urban Councils Ordinance No. 61 of 1939 696:Urban Councils Ordinance No. 61 of 1939 4335: 2531:"LG Elections (amendment) Bill passed" 2529:Gunasekara, Skandha (26 August 2017). 2443:Nathaniel, Camelia (6 December 2015). 2226:. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 12 November 2017 1888: 1886: 1884: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1876: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1698: 1696: 1633: 3931: 3254:2018 Sri Lankan constitutional crisis 2804: 2719: 2481:. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 1 November 2015 2282:. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 10 October 2012 2254:. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 10 October 2012 2024:. Indianapolis, U.S.A. 7 January 2011 1990:"Local poll law under the microscope" 1988:Gnanadass, Wilson (6 February 2011). 1937:. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 26 January 2006 1709:. Commonwealth Local Government Forum 700:Town Councils Ordinance No. 3 of 1946 675:Local Boards Ordinance No. 13 of 1898 3098:State-sponsored colonisation schemes 2608: 1852:. localgovernance.lk. Archived from 1844: 1842: 1840: 1838: 1836: 737:District Councils Act No. 35 of 1980 706: 3260:2019 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka 3248:2018 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka 3236:2014 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka 2645:Rajepakse, Ruana (2 January 2011). 1956:Vigna Raja, R. T. (26 March 2009). 1867: 1693: 911: 867:Pradeshiya Sabha Act No. 15 of 1987 761:Pradeshiya Sabha Act No. 15 of 1987 13: 2926: 767:(Assistant Government Agent). The 515:” is not a legal division in the 14: 4359: 2500:Mudalige, Disna (4 August 2017). 1833: 944:Distribution of local authorities 631:Road Committees Act No 10 of 1861 4316: 4307: 4306: 3912: 3911: 3445:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam 3272:2022 Sri Lankan political crisis 3194:Burning of Jaffna Public Library 3008:Sri Lankan independence movement 1816:"Compilation of Local Authority" 605: 566:that preside over the largest “ 536:Districts are divided into 331 435: 28: 3128:Bandaranaike–Chelvanayakam Pact 2954:Crisis of the Sixteenth Century 2696: 2667: 2580: 2551: 2522: 2493: 2465: 2436: 2408: 2379: 2350: 2322: 2294: 2266: 2238: 2210: 2181: 2152: 2123: 2094: 2065: 2036: 2010: 1949: 1850:"Local Government in Sri Lanka" 806:except the Free Trade Zones in 4274:British Indian Ocean Territory 3335:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism 2676:"LG polls cost to hit Rs. 4 b" 1797: 1761: 1735: 1721: 548:Grama Niladhari Divisions (GN) 1: 4343:Local government in Sri Lanka 3020:Colebrooke-Cameron Commission 2972:Portuguese conquest of Jaffna 2948:Kandyan independence movement 1652: 616:Colebrooke-Cameron Commission 3422:Leftist parties in Sri Lanka 3345:Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism 1929:"What ails Local Government" 730:Village Committees Ordinance 718:Municipal Councils Ordinance 538:Divisional secretariats (DS) 122:Ministries of the Government 7: 3395:Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna 3242:Alleged coup d'Ă©tat attempt 3152:Alleged coup d'Ă©tat attempt 930:proportional representation 880: 781:proportional representation 357:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 117:Ministers of the Government 10: 4364: 3224:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 3014:Great Rebellion of 1817–18 2984:British invasion of Ceylon 2560:"LG elections bill passed" 1612: 1607: 1586: 1581: 1560: 1555: 1534: 1529: 1508: 1503: 1482: 1477: 1456: 1451: 1430: 1425: 1404: 1399: 1378: 1373: 1352: 1347: 1326: 1321: 1300: 1295: 1274: 1269: 1248: 1243: 1222: 1217: 1196: 1191: 1170: 1165: 1144: 1139: 1118: 1113: 1092: 1087: 1066: 1061: 1040: 1035: 1014: 1009: 988: 983: 918:first-past-the-post voting 790:The 13th Amendment to the 588: 4302: 4261: 4221: 3963: 3909: 3873: 3817: 3795: 3672: 3665: 3585: 3526: 3513:National Security Council 3473: 3464: 3430: 3417:Defunct political parties 3410:Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 3370: 3292: 3281: 3218:1987 anti-Sinhalese riots 3158:Policy of standardisation 2938: 2924: 2838: 2758: 852: 728:and 49 amendments to the 542:Divisional secretary (DS) 517:constitution of Sri Lanka 337:Grama Niladhari divisions 4023:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 3958:Local government in Asia 3624:Leader of the Opposition 3266:2022 Sri Lankan protests 3044:Ceylon National Congress 2966:Sinhalese–Portuguese War 2853:Donoughmore Constitution 722:Urban Councils Ordinance 310:Administrative geography 157:Leader of the Opposition 50:Previous constitutions: 4348:Government of Sri Lanka 4284:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 3747:Enforced disappearances 3405:Tamil National Alliance 3390:Sri Lanka Freedom Party 2996:American Ceylon Mission 2877:2000 Draft Constitution 2871:1997 Draft Constitution 2865:Republican Constitution 2595:Parliament of Sri Lanka 2423:Parliament of Sri Lanka 2337:Parliament of Sri Lanka 2309:Parliament of Sri Lanka 765:Divisional Secretariats 726:Town Councils Ordinance 724:, 23 Amendments to the 720:, 44 amendments to the 3891:Provincial governments 3845:North Western Province 3835:North Central Province 3508:Administrative Service 3400:Samagi Jana Balawegaya 3182:Vaddukoddai Resolution 3134:1958 anti-Tamil pogrom 3122:1956 anti-Tamil pogrom 3092:Ceylon Citizenship Act 3056:Donoughmore Commission 2932: 2893:Acts of the Parliament 2630:. 1999. Archived from 2593:. Colombo, Sri Lanka: 2421:. Colombo, Sri Lanka: 2335:. Colombo, Sri Lanka: 2307:. Colombo, Sri Lanka: 1913:. 1999. Archived from 831:mixed electoral system 691:Donoughmore Commission 583:mixed electoral system 372:Diplomatic missions of 177:Constitutional Council 3634:Chief Opposition Whip 3629:Chief Government Whip 3440:Tamil militant groups 3385:United National Party 3212:Indo-Sri Lanka Accord 3188:1977 Sri Lankan riots 3164:1971 JVP insurrection 3110:Nehru-Kotelawala Pact 3104:1953 Ceylonese Hartal 3050:Jaffna Youth Congress 2930: 2888:Proposed Constitution 2859:Soulbury Constitution 2832:Politics of Sri Lanka 2753:by political division 2709:. Colombo, Sri Lanka. 530:administered under a 511:in Sri Lanka and a “ 21:Politics of Sri Lanka 4198:United Arab Emirates 3762:Indentured labourers 3725:Freedom of the press 3357:Non-Aligned Movement 3206:Sri Lankan Civil War 3074:Cocos Islands mutiny 3068:Bracegirdle Incident 3038:1915 Ceylonese riots 2848:Kandyan Constitution 2684:. Colombo, Sri Lanka 2655:. Colombo, Sri Lanka 2568:. Colombo, Sri Lanka 2539:. Colombo, Sri Lanka 2510:. Colombo, Sri Lanka 2453:. Colombo, Sri Lanka 2396:. Colombo, Sri Lanka 2367:. Colombo, Sri Lanka 1998:. Colombo, Sri Lanka 1966:. Colombo, Sri Lanka 1776:World Food Programme 1749:on 14 September 2016 442:Sri Lanka portal 162:Member of Parliament 112:Cabinet of Ministers 4225:limited recognition 3881:Electoral districts 3639:Secretaries-General 3619:Leader of the House 3567:Magistrate's Courts 3146:Sirima–Shastri Pact 3140:Coup d'Ă©tat attempt 3080:Soulbury Commission 3062:Suriya-Mal Movement 3032:Temperance movement 2768:Provincial councils 1729:"Local Authorities" 796:Provincial Councils 773:first past the post 749:Divisional Councils 662:Legislative Council 502:provincial councils 239:Election Commission 209:Magistrate's Courts 152:Leader of the House 3901:Political families 3740:Online Safety Bill 3700:Capital punishment 3176:Sirima–Gandhi Pact 3002:Kandyan Convention 2933: 2778:Municipal councils 875:District Secretary 634:Works Department. 564:Municipal councils 540:administered by a 498:central government 496: â€“ after the 4330: 4329: 4267:other territories 3925: 3924: 3896:Local governments 3886:Foreign relations 3855:Southern Province 3840:Northern Province 3813: 3812: 3782:Sexual minorities 3752:Gender inequality 3666:Political culture 3661: 3660: 3460: 3459: 3372:Political parties 2940:Political history 2931:Flag of Sri Lanka 2798: 2797: 2788:Pradeshiya Sabhas 2450:The Sunday Leader 2364:The Sunday Leader 1650: 1649: 707:Post independence 485: 484: 389:Visa requirements 350:Foreign relations 297:Political parties 243:Recent elections 4355: 4320: 4310: 4309: 4279:Christmas Island 3965:Sovereign states 3952: 3945: 3938: 3929: 3928: 3915: 3914: 3865:Western Province 3830:Eastern Province 3825:Central Province 3670: 3669: 3471: 3470: 3315:Environmentalism 3290: 3289: 3116:Sinhala Only Act 3086:Independence Day 3026:Matale rebellion 2960:Wijayaba Kollaya 2825: 2818: 2811: 2802: 2801: 2773:Local government 2740: 2733: 2726: 2717: 2716: 2711: 2710: 2700: 2694: 2693: 2691: 2689: 2671: 2665: 2664: 2662: 2660: 2642: 2636: 2635: 2621: 2606: 2605: 2603: 2601: 2592: 2584: 2578: 2577: 2575: 2573: 2555: 2549: 2548: 2546: 2544: 2526: 2520: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2497: 2491: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2478:The Sunday Times 2469: 2463: 2462: 2460: 2458: 2440: 2434: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2420: 2412: 2406: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2383: 2377: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2354: 2348: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2334: 2326: 2320: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2306: 2298: 2292: 2291: 2289: 2287: 2270: 2264: 2263: 2261: 2259: 2251:The Daily Mirror 2242: 2236: 2235: 2233: 2231: 2223:The Sunday Times 2214: 2208: 2207: 2205: 2203: 2193: 2185: 2179: 2178: 2176: 2174: 2164: 2156: 2150: 2149: 2147: 2145: 2135: 2127: 2121: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2106: 2098: 2092: 2091: 2089: 2087: 2077: 2069: 2063: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2048: 2040: 2034: 2033: 2031: 2029: 2014: 2008: 2007: 2005: 2003: 1985: 1976: 1975: 1973: 1971: 1953: 1947: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1925: 1919: 1918: 1917:on 22 July 2011. 1904: 1865: 1864: 1862: 1861: 1846: 1831: 1830: 1828: 1826: 1820: 1812: 1806: 1801: 1795: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1784: 1778:. Archived from 1773: 1765: 1759: 1758: 1756: 1754: 1745:. Archived from 1739: 1733: 1732: 1725: 1719: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1708: 1700: 1688: 1686: 1675: 951: 950: 912:Electoral system 753:Pradeshiya Sabha 624:Government Agent 489:Local government 477: 470: 463: 440: 439: 438: 424:Sri Lanka Portal 61:Law of Sri Lanka 32: 16: 15: 4363: 4362: 4358: 4357: 4356: 4354: 4353: 4352: 4333: 4332: 4331: 4326: 4298: 4266: 4257: 4238:Northern Cyprus 4224: 4217: 3959: 3956: 3926: 3921: 3905: 3869: 3809: 3791: 3657: 3646:16th Parliament 3581: 3577:Labour Tribunal 3562:District courts 3552:Court of appeal 3522: 3518:Law enforcement 3456: 3426: 3380:Current parties 3366: 3284: 3277: 3230:Mawanella riots 2934: 2922: 2913:Roman-Dutch law 2834: 2829: 2799: 2794: 2754: 2744: 2714: 2701: 2697: 2687: 2685: 2672: 2668: 2658: 2656: 2643: 2639: 2623: 2622: 2609: 2599: 2597: 2590: 2586: 2585: 2581: 2571: 2569: 2556: 2552: 2542: 2540: 2527: 2523: 2513: 2511: 2498: 2494: 2484: 2482: 2471: 2470: 2466: 2456: 2454: 2441: 2437: 2427: 2425: 2418: 2414: 2413: 2409: 2399: 2397: 2393:Sunday Observer 2384: 2380: 2370: 2368: 2355: 2351: 2341: 2339: 2332: 2328: 2327: 2323: 2313: 2311: 2304: 2300: 2299: 2295: 2285: 2283: 2272: 2271: 2267: 2257: 2255: 2244: 2243: 2239: 2229: 2227: 2216: 2215: 2211: 2201: 2199: 2191: 2187: 2186: 2182: 2172: 2170: 2162: 2158: 2157: 2153: 2143: 2141: 2133: 2129: 2128: 2124: 2114: 2112: 2104: 2100: 2099: 2095: 2085: 2083: 2075: 2071: 2070: 2066: 2056: 2054: 2046: 2042: 2041: 2037: 2027: 2025: 2016: 2015: 2011: 2001: 1999: 1986: 1979: 1969: 1967: 1954: 1950: 1940: 1938: 1927: 1926: 1922: 1906: 1905: 1868: 1859: 1857: 1848: 1847: 1834: 1824: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1813: 1809: 1802: 1798: 1788: 1786: 1785:on 4 March 2011 1782: 1771: 1767: 1766: 1762: 1752: 1750: 1741: 1740: 1736: 1727: 1726: 1722: 1712: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1701: 1694: 1684: 1678: 1672: 1658: 1655: 946: 914: 883: 855: 757:Pradesha Sabhai 709: 608: 591: 481: 452: 448:Other countries 436: 434: 429: 428: 407: 399: 398: 380: 368: 352: 342: 341: 312: 302: 301: 291: 273:Parliamentary: 267: 234: 224: 223: 219:Labour Tribunal 204:District Courts 194:Court of Appeal 168: 128: 86: 76: 75: 71:Law enforcement 46: 23: 12: 11: 5: 4361: 4351: 4350: 4345: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4324: 4314: 4303: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4270: 4268: 4259: 4258: 4256: 4255: 4250: 4245: 4240: 4235: 4229: 4227: 4219: 4218: 4216: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4200: 4195: 4190: 4185: 4180: 4175: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3995: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3969: 3967: 3961: 3960: 3955: 3954: 3947: 3940: 3932: 3923: 3922: 3910: 3907: 3906: 3904: 3903: 3898: 3893: 3888: 3883: 3877: 3875: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3837: 3832: 3827: 3821: 3819: 3815: 3814: 3811: 3810: 3808: 3807: 3801: 3799: 3793: 3792: 3790: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3743: 3742: 3737: 3732: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3702: 3697: 3695:Assassinations 3692: 3690:19th Amendment 3687: 3685:13th Amendment 3682: 3676: 3674: 3667: 3663: 3662: 3659: 3658: 3656: 3655: 3654: 3653: 3643: 3642: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3626: 3621: 3616: 3615: 3614: 3607:Prime Minister 3604: 3589: 3587: 3583: 3582: 3580: 3579: 3574: 3572:Primary Courts 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3548: 3547: 3532: 3530: 3524: 3523: 3521: 3520: 3515: 3510: 3505: 3496: 3495: 3494: 3479: 3477: 3468: 3462: 3461: 3458: 3457: 3455: 3454: 3453: 3452: 3447: 3436: 3434: 3428: 3427: 3425: 3424: 3419: 3414: 3413: 3412: 3407: 3402: 3397: 3392: 3387: 3376: 3374: 3368: 3367: 3365: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3353: 3352: 3342: 3337: 3332: 3327: 3322: 3317: 3312: 3307: 3302: 3296: 3294: 3287: 3279: 3278: 3276: 3275: 3269: 3263: 3257: 3251: 3245: 3239: 3233: 3227: 3221: 3215: 3209: 3203: 3197: 3191: 3185: 3179: 3173: 3167: 3161: 3155: 3149: 3143: 3137: 3131: 3125: 3119: 3113: 3107: 3101: 3095: 3089: 3083: 3077: 3071: 3065: 3059: 3053: 3047: 3041: 3035: 3029: 3023: 3017: 3011: 3005: 2999: 2993: 2987: 2981: 2975: 2969: 2963: 2957: 2951: 2944: 2942: 2936: 2935: 2925: 2923: 2921: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2874: 2868: 2862: 2856: 2850: 2844: 2842: 2836: 2835: 2828: 2827: 2820: 2813: 2805: 2796: 2795: 2793: 2792: 2791: 2790: 2785: 2783:Urban councils 2780: 2770: 2765: 2759: 2756: 2755: 2743: 2742: 2735: 2728: 2720: 2713: 2712: 2695: 2666: 2637: 2634:on 7 May 2012. 2607: 2579: 2550: 2521: 2492: 2464: 2435: 2407: 2378: 2349: 2321: 2293: 2265: 2237: 2209: 2180: 2151: 2122: 2093: 2064: 2035: 2009: 1977: 1948: 1920: 1866: 1832: 1807: 1796: 1760: 1734: 1720: 1691: 1690: 1689: 1676: 1670: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1631: 1630: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1611: 1605: 1604: 1599: 1596: 1593: 1590: 1585: 1579: 1578: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1559: 1553: 1552: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1538: 1533: 1527: 1526: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1512: 1507: 1501: 1500: 1495: 1492: 1489: 1486: 1481: 1475: 1474: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1455: 1449: 1448: 1443: 1440: 1437: 1434: 1429: 1423: 1422: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1403: 1397: 1396: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1377: 1371: 1370: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1356: 1351: 1345: 1344: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1325: 1319: 1318: 1313: 1310: 1307: 1304: 1299: 1293: 1292: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1273: 1267: 1266: 1261: 1258: 1255: 1252: 1247: 1241: 1240: 1235: 1232: 1229: 1226: 1221: 1215: 1214: 1209: 1206: 1203: 1200: 1195: 1189: 1188: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1174: 1169: 1163: 1162: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1148: 1143: 1137: 1136: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1122: 1117: 1111: 1110: 1105: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1091: 1085: 1084: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1065: 1059: 1058: 1053: 1050: 1047: 1044: 1039: 1033: 1032: 1027: 1024: 1021: 1018: 1013: 1007: 1006: 1001: 998: 995: 992: 987: 981: 980: 977: 972: 967: 962: 957: 945: 942: 913: 910: 899:police service 882: 879: 854: 851: 739:was passed by 708: 705: 607: 604: 590: 587: 579: 578: 575:Urban councils 571: 556: 555: 544: 534: 483: 482: 480: 479: 472: 465: 457: 454: 453: 451: 450: 444: 431: 430: 427: 426: 420: 419: 414: 408: 406:Related issues 405: 404: 401: 400: 397: 396: 391: 386: 379: 378: 367: 366: 365: 364: 353: 348: 347: 344: 343: 340: 339: 334: 329: 327:Municipalities 324: 319: 313: 308: 307: 304: 303: 300: 299: 294: 293: 292: 290: 289: 282: 277: 270: 268: 266: 265: 258: 253: 249:Presidential: 246: 241: 235: 230: 229: 226: 225: 222: 221: 216: 214:Primary Courts 211: 206: 201: 196: 191: 190: 189: 179: 167: 166: 165: 164: 159: 154: 149: 147:Deputy Speaker 144: 127: 126: 125: 124: 114: 109: 102:Prime Minister 99: 87: 82: 81: 78: 77: 74: 73: 68: 63: 58: 47: 42: 41: 38: 37: 34: 33: 25: 24: 19: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4360: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4340: 4338: 4323: 4319: 4315: 4313: 4305: 4304: 4301: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4271: 4269: 4264: 4260: 4254: 4251: 4249: 4248:South Ossetia 4246: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4230: 4228: 4226: 4220: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4186: 4184: 4181: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3970: 3968: 3966: 3962: 3953: 3948: 3946: 3941: 3939: 3934: 3933: 3930: 3920: 3919: 3908: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3878: 3876: 3872: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3838: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3822: 3820: 3816: 3806: 3803: 3802: 3800: 3798: 3794: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3741: 3738: 3736: 3733: 3731: 3728: 3727: 3726: 3723: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3713: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3680:6th Amendment 3678: 3677: 3675: 3671: 3668: 3664: 3652: 3649: 3648: 3647: 3644: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3613: 3610: 3609: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3602: 3598: 3597: 3596: 3595: 3591: 3590: 3588: 3584: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3546: 3545: 3544:Chief Justice 3541: 3540: 3539: 3538: 3537:Supreme Court 3534: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3525: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3504: 3500: 3497: 3493: 3492: 3488: 3487: 3486: 3485: 3481: 3480: 3478: 3476: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3463: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3442: 3441: 3438: 3437: 3435: 3433: 3429: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3415: 3411: 3408: 3406: 3403: 3401: 3398: 3396: 3393: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3382: 3381: 3378: 3377: 3375: 3373: 3369: 3363: 3362:Unitary state 3360: 3358: 3355: 3351: 3348: 3347: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3306: 3303: 3301: 3298: 3297: 3295: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3280: 3273: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3249: 3246: 3243: 3240: 3237: 3234: 3231: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3207: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3192: 3189: 3186: 3183: 3180: 3177: 3174: 3171: 3168: 3165: 3162: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3150: 3147: 3144: 3141: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3126: 3123: 3120: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3108: 3105: 3102: 3100:(1950s–2000s) 3099: 3096: 3093: 3090: 3087: 3084: 3081: 3078: 3075: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3063: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3042: 3039: 3036: 3033: 3030: 3027: 3024: 3021: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2988: 2985: 2982: 2979: 2978:Fall of Kotte 2976: 2973: 2970: 2967: 2964: 2961: 2958: 2955: 2952: 2949: 2946: 2945: 2943: 2941: 2937: 2929: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2878: 2875: 2872: 2869: 2866: 2863: 2860: 2857: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2826: 2821: 2819: 2814: 2812: 2807: 2806: 2803: 2789: 2786: 2784: 2781: 2779: 2776: 2775: 2774: 2771: 2769: 2766: 2764: 2761: 2760: 2757: 2752: 2748: 2741: 2736: 2734: 2729: 2727: 2722: 2721: 2718: 2708: 2707: 2699: 2683: 2682: 2677: 2670: 2654: 2653: 2648: 2641: 2633: 2629: 2628: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2612: 2596: 2589: 2583: 2567: 2566: 2561: 2554: 2538: 2537: 2532: 2525: 2509: 2508: 2503: 2496: 2480: 2479: 2474: 2468: 2452: 2451: 2446: 2439: 2424: 2417: 2411: 2395: 2394: 2389: 2382: 2366: 2365: 2360: 2353: 2338: 2331: 2325: 2310: 2303: 2297: 2281: 2280: 2275: 2269: 2253: 2252: 2247: 2241: 2225: 2224: 2219: 2213: 2197: 2190: 2184: 2168: 2161: 2155: 2139: 2132: 2126: 2110: 2103: 2097: 2081: 2074: 2068: 2052: 2045: 2039: 2023: 2019: 2013: 1997: 1996: 1991: 1984: 1982: 1965: 1964: 1959: 1952: 1936: 1935: 1930: 1924: 1916: 1912: 1911: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1895: 1893: 1891: 1889: 1887: 1885: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1877: 1875: 1873: 1871: 1856:on 2011-07-22 1855: 1851: 1845: 1843: 1841: 1839: 1837: 1817: 1811: 1805: 1800: 1781: 1777: 1770: 1764: 1748: 1744: 1738: 1730: 1724: 1705: 1699: 1697: 1692: 1683: 1682: 1677: 1673: 1671:9780954291792 1667: 1663: 1662: 1657: 1656: 1645: 1642: 1639: 1636: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1623: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1610: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1589: 1584: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1558: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1532: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1506: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1480: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1454: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1428: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1402: 1398: 1395: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1376: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1350: 1349:North Western 1346: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1324: 1323:North Western 1320: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1298: 1297:North Central 1294: 1291: 1288: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1272: 1271:North Central 1268: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1253: 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600: 597:the earliest 596: 586: 584: 576: 572: 569: 565: 561: 560: 559: 553: 549: 545: 543: 539: 535: 533: 529: 525: 524: 523: 520: 518: 514: 510: 507:There are no 505: 503: 499: 495: 491: 490: 478: 473: 471: 466: 464: 459: 458: 456: 455: 449: 446: 445: 443: 433: 432: 425: 422: 421: 418: 415: 413: 410: 409: 403: 402: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 381: 377: 373: 370: 369: 363: 360: 359: 358: 355: 354: 351: 346: 345: 338: 335: 333: 330: 328: 325: 323: 320: 318: 315: 314: 311: 306: 305: 298: 295: 288: 287: 283: 281: 278: 276: 272: 271: 269: 264: 263: 259: 257: 254: 252: 248: 247: 245: 244: 242: 240: 237: 236: 233: 228: 227: 220: 217: 215: 212: 210: 207: 205: 202: 200: 197: 195: 192: 188: 187:Chief Justice 185: 184: 183: 182:Supreme Court 180: 178: 175: 174: 173: 172: 163: 160: 158: 155: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 139: 138: 135: 134: 133: 132: 123: 120: 119: 118: 115: 113: 110: 107: 103: 100: 97: 93: 90: 89: 85: 80: 79: 72: 69: 67: 64: 62: 59: 57: 53: 49: 48: 45: 40: 39: 36: 35: 31: 27: 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Index

Politics of Sri Lanka
Coat of arms of Sri Lanka, showing a lion holding a sword in its right forepaw surrounded by a ring made from blue lotus petals which is placed on top of a grain vase sprouting rice grains to encircle it. A Dharmacakra is on the top while a sun and moon are at the bottom on each side of the vase.
Constitution
1931
1947
Law of Sri Lanka
Human rights
Law enforcement
Government
President
List
Prime Minister
List
Cabinet of Ministers
Ministers of the Government
Ministries of the Government
Legislature
Parliament
Speaker
Deputy Speaker
Leader of the House
Leader of the Opposition
Member of Parliament
Judiciary
Constitutional Council
Supreme Court
Chief Justice
Court of Appeal
High Courts
District Courts

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