36:
330:, so termed of sharing or diuiding, it brake into diuerse rilles or rillets to the Riuer of Thames: of this bourne that warde took the name, and is till this day called Langborne warde. This Bourne also is long since stopped vp at the head, and the rest of the course filled vp and paued ouer, so that no signe thereof remayneth more then the names aforesaid.
120:. The stream appears to have been covered over or dry by the early 14th century but its course has been discovered during archaeological digs in the area and the watershed can be traced in the street level contours of that part of the city as mapped by Kelsey in 1841. The stream gave its name to the
201:. He first points out there is a shallow linear valley in that part of the city, first identified by Richard Kelsey's topographical survey in 1841. The topography of this part of London has been changed almost beyond recognition since the 1841 survey, especially by the construction of the
398:
The church of St
Katherine Coleman is indeed at the head of the course of the Lorteburn described by Bentley, but the rest of Stow and Noorthuck's descriptions are problematic given that they would require the water to flow uphill in the vicinity of Mincing Lane (see below).
170:
meaning "The roaring one". This implies a swift stream with foaming water. This derivation may seem unlikely given the short length of the stream, but the watercourse was steep, and 'roaring' does correspond with Stow's description.
212:
Bentley then goes on to provide detailed evidence for the
Lorteburn's existence. Archaeological evidence has identified dried stream beds in this part of the city. Discoveries include:
415:"It does not fit in with the contours, and actually involves the proposed stream's flowing uphill to the extent of three feet, both in the ancient and modern ground levels."
539:
151:, Eilert Ekwall identifies several instances of Lorteburn. He gives the derivation as from an Old English word meaning dirt or filth. Related to the Old Norse
368:, uniting with which it ran to the Thames. By this stream spreading near the Spring-head, the contiguous street became so swampy, or fenny, especially about
124:
ward of the city. The river is seldom included on maps or lists of London's lost rivers, and its existence is denied by
Nicholas Barton, in his 1962 book
411:
by
Nicholas Barton is considered by many to be the foundational work on London rivers. Barton refutes the existence of the Langbourne for three reasons:
492:
361:
327:
303:
284:
197:
In 1981, David
Bentley assembled evidence for the stream's existence, relying on archaeological and map evidence, especially in the records of the
253:
provides more tangible evidence that a water-course continued into medieval times. A deed of 1288(?) refers to a property within the parish of
224:
506:
425:
Barton's denial of the stream thus rests on Stowe's description, which describes a route far to the west of the one proposed by
Bentley.
377:
275:
A very different course is described in 1603 by John Stow, giving the name as 'Langborne' and describing the route as running along
832:
827:
202:
177:
or Bourne is a standard name for smaller streams and river, common in the area of London, for example the nearby rivers
478:
459:
418:"During the construction of the Gracechurch Street sewer the builders specifically looked for it and found no traces."
604:
79:
57:
50:
227:(Peter Rowsome 1980) a stream in a section cutting through the natural brickearth, on a north to south alignment.
206:
781:
721:
704:
624:
393:
A New
History of London Including Westminster and Southwark by John Noorthouck, Book 2, Ch. 23: Langbourn Ward
101:
502:
352:
was antiently a spring that produced a rivulet or bourn, which ran down the street westward, and through
291:
496:
507:
https://molarchaeology.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=9a85640effc042ae91af6b0d43abbafb
310:. Langborne water, so called of the length thereof, was a great streame breaking out of the ground, in
17:
261:, to the east. Other deeds of the same period show that the street was Seething Lane, and that the
254:
44:
807:
384:. The Ward also partook of the name, and was enrolled in the city records by the appellation of
353:
319:
280:
61:
230:
Rangoon Street (David Bowler 1982) two stream-beds were observed following differing courses.
155:("excrement, faeces"), this implies a dirty or filthy stream, possibly one used for a sewer.
761:
369:
345:
340:
In 1770 John
Noorthouck gives a similar description to Stow, with some additional details.
220:(Peter Marsden 1963-4) a small stream in the natural gravels, on an east to west alignment.
8:
335:
A Survey of London. Reprinted From the Text of 1603 By John Stow Edited by C L Kingsford.
265:
must therefore have flowed along a course east of, and more or less parallel to, the Lane
360:. Here parting into several shares, or rills, and turning Southward, it left a name to
315:
178:
158:
There is a second possibility given by Ekwall, a derivation from either the brook name
236:
a stream called the
Lorteburn recorded east of Seething Lane in the late 13th century.
700:
600:
474:
455:
421:"Stow more or less admits that he himself has nothing more to go on than the name."
381:
357:
323:
311:
276:
249:
A reference in the
Husting Roll to a property described in relation to a stream in
198:
186:
217:
174:
113:
365:
295:
105:
782:
https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/survey-of-london-stow/1603/pp11-19
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250:
144:
is attested in Stow in 1603, when it had been dry for nearly two centuries.
373:
349:
182:
117:
452:
Londinium: A Biography: Roman London from its Origins to the Fifth Century
314:, which ran downe with a swift course, west, through that streete, thwart
140:
is attested in a deed of 1288, when the stream was still extant. The name
509:(The Lorteburn is visible on the Prehistoric, Roman and Saxon views.)
497:
https://www.layersoflondon.org/map/overlays/medieval-london-1270-1300
434:
385:
307:
288:
209:, and thus this valley can no longer be seen in the modern contours.
121:
128:, but in more recent work David Bentley argues for its existence.
109:
726:
Transactions of the London and Middlesex Archaeological Society
808:
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/new-history-london
471:
A Map of Medieval London: The City, Westminster and Southwark
795:
A New History of London Including Westminster and Southwark
501:
The Archaeology of Greater London online map produced by
298:. The stream was either covered over or dry by his time.
257:
which adjoined a street to the west and a stream, called
364:, or South-bourn-lane from its running southward to the
433:
The Lorteburn is included on some modern maps of Roman
443:
Londinium: A descriptive map and guide to Roman London
722:"Archaeological finds in the City of London, 1963-4"
697:
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names
663:
A Survey of London. Reprinted From the Text of 1603
287:. Stow states that the river gave its name to the
819:
402:
166:. The brook name derived from the Old English
751:Museum of London D.U.A. Archive Report RAG82.
618:
616:
344:Near Magpie-alley adjoining to the church of
189:. In place names it normally means 'stream'.
742:Museum of London D.U.A. Archive notes CAS75
599:. Historical Publications Ltd. p. 60.
428:
613:
540:"A recently identified valley in the City"
487:The above map is reproduced online as the
192:
792:
661:Stow, John (1908). Kingsford, C L (ed.).
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
523:
326:, and then turning the course South down
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
699:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 304.
690:
688:
590:
588:
586:
569:
567:
43:This article includes a list of general
719:
632:London Topographical Society Newsletter
622:
537:
449:
372:, which stood in the broad way between
104:or river, which ran in the east of the
14:
820:
797:. London: R Baldwin. pp. 656–661.
694:
675:
656:
654:
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594:
573:
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468:
685:
583:
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665:. Oxford: Clarendon. pp. 11–19.
660:
234:Bentley interprets this evidence as
203:London, Tilbury and Southend Railway
162:, or the mythical Norse female name
29:
764:. British-history.ac.uk. 2003-06-22
649:
503:MOLA (Museum of London Archaeology)
240:
24:
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
844:
625:"Recovering the Rivers of London"
207:Fenchurch Street railway station
34:
27:Lost river in the City of London
833:Landforms of the City of London
801:
786:
775:
754:
745:
736:
713:
669:
578:, City of London Record Office
13:
1:
828:Subterranean rivers of London
513:
445:. Ordnance Survey. June 1981.
245:Bentley has identified that:
489:Medieval London, 1270 - 1300
473:. The Historic Towns Trust.
112:, flowing south near to the
7:
720:Marsden, Peter R V (1967).
437:and early Medieval London.
403:Nicholas Barton's disbelief
131:
116:, and discharging into the
10:
849:
680:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
380:, that it was then called
682:; cited in Bentley (1984)
595:Barton, Nicholas (1962).
580:, cited by Bentley (1984)
576:Original Plan of Contours
505:and regularly updated at
469:Barron, Caroline (2019).
450:Hingley, Richard (2018).
324:S. Marie Wolnothes Church
793:Noorthuck, John (1773).
762:"British History report"
574:Kelsey, Richard (1841),
429:Inclusion on modern maps
356:as far as the church of
695:Ekwall, Eilert (1960).
676:Ekwall, Eilert (1928).
623:Bentley, David (2000).
538:Bentley, David (1984).
454:. Bloomsbury Academic.
193:Archaeological evidence
64:more precise citations.
396:
338:
322:, to the west ende of
273:
597:Lost Rivers of London
409:Lost Rivers of London
346:St. Catherine Coleman
342:
300:
247:
126:Lost Rivers of London
547:London Archaeologist
255:All Hallows' Barking
205:and its terminus at
678:English River Names
149:English River Names
108:, arising near to
358:St. Mary Woolnoth
312:Fen Church street
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374:Mincing-lane
350:Aldgate-ward
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318:, and downe
302:Langborne.;
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225:Jewry Street
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179:Ravensbourne
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118:River Thames
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553:(01): 13–16
102:lost stream
62:introducing
822:Categories
768:2022-12-27
706:0198691033
642:2022-12-27
638:(May 2000)
557:2022-12-27
514:References
386:Langbourne
370:the church
316:Grastreete
187:Westbourne
142:Langbourne
98:Langbourne
45:references
18:Langbourne
732:(3): 214.
491:layer of
435:Londinium
378:Rood-lane
366:Wallbrook
289:Langbourn
263:Lorteburn
259:Lorteburn
138:Lorteburn
136:The name
122:Langbourn
94:Lorteburn
391:—
333:—
268:—
132:Toponymy
294:of the
110:Aldgate
58:improve
703:
603:
477:
458:
283:, and
183:Tyburn
168:hlĹŤwan
47:, but
628:(PDF)
543:(PDF)
164:HlĂłra
160:HlĹŤra
153:lortr
100:is a
701:ISBN
601:ISBN
475:ISBN
456:ISBN
376:and
292:ward
223:2-4
185:and
175:Burn
92:The
495:at
348:in
147:In
96:or
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728:.
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