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Laboratory animal sources

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3993: 723: 177:. This directive sets forth specific requirements regulating the supply and breeding of animals intended for use by testing facilities within the EU. The directive defines 'breeding establishment' as a facility engaged in breeding animals for their use in experiments, and 'supplying establishment' as a facility other than a breeding establishment, which supplies animals for experiments. 180:
Article 15 of the directive requires supplying establishments to obtain animals only from approved breeding or other supplying establishments, "unless the animal has been lawfully imported and is not a feral or stray animal." Nonetheless, the directive allows exemptions from this sourcing requirement
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All laboratories using vertebrate lab animals in the United States are required by law to have a licensed veterinarian on staff and to adhere to the NIH Guide for the Use and Care of Laboratory Animals, which further stipulates that all protocols, including the sources for obtaining the animals, must
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told the conference that these institutions pay up to $ 500 for a stolen animal, who is often accompanied by forged documents and fake health certificates. Salinger and Teddlie argue that the stolen animals may affect research results, because they come from unknown backgrounds and have an uncertain
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who supply purpose-bred animals, businesses that trade in wild animals, and dealers who supply animals sourced from pounds, auctions, and newspaper ads. Animal shelters may also supply the laboratories directly. Some animal dealers, termed Class B dealers, have been reported to engage in kidnapping
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Class B dealers are licensed by the USDA to buy animals from "random sources". This refers to animals who were not purpose-bred or raised on the dealers' property. Animals from "random sources" come from auctions, pounds, newspaper ads (including "free-to-home" ads), and some may be stolen pets or
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in 2006, an illegal economy in the theft of pets, mostly dogs, has emerged in the U.S. in recent years, with the thieves known as "bunchers". The bunchers sell the animals to Class B animal dealers, who pay $ 25 per animal. The dealers then sell the animals to universities, medical and veterinary
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In 2010, a new EU directive was published on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes, repealing the old directive 86/609/EEC on January 1, 2013, with the exception of Article 13 (statistical information on the use of animals in experiments) which has been repealed on May 10, 2013.
86:(ASPCA), Iowa, Minnesota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, and Utah require publicly funded shelters to surrender animals to any Class B dealer who asks for them. Fourteen states prohibit the practice, and the remainder either have no relevant legislation, or permit the practice in certain circumstances. 155:. According to the Humane Society of the United States, Missouri was experiencing such a high rate of pet theft that animal protection groups had dubbed it the "Steal Me State". In a 2008 article, Last Chance for Animals estimated that around two million pets are stolen in the U.S. each year. 1116: 164: 34:
services. It is comparatively rare that animals are procured from sources other than specialized dealers, as this poses the threat of introducing disease into a colony and confounding any data collected. However, suppliers of laboratory animals may include
128:, lost his licence after being convicted of 100 counts of animal abuse and neglect, and of stealing pets for laboratories and forging documentation. The criminal charges were filed after an eight-year investigation by an animal protection group, 410:
these states prohibit shelters from providing animals for research: Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, and West
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Animal rights supporters have raised concerns that these rules allow strays and pets to be used for experimentation, either by exemptions or by importing animals from non-EU countries, where the rules may be more lax.
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The largest Class B dealer in dogs in the U.S. was investigated for bunching by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) in 2005. Chester C. Baird, of Martin Creek Kennels and Pat's Pine Tree Farms in Willifore,
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illegally trapped strays. As of February 2013, there were only seven active Class B dealers remaining in the United States. However, these sources round up "thousands" of cats and dogs each year for sale.
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Class A breeders are licensed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to sell animals bred specifically for research. In July 2004, there were 4,117 licensed Class A dealers in the United States.
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There is a discrepancy between the Humane Society and the ASPCA in the specific states requiring and prohibiting the practice; according to the former, 3 states require, while 17 states prohibit.
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are largely supplied by dealers who specialize in selling them to universities, medical and veterinary schools, and companies that provide contract
1252: 584:"DIRECTIVE 2010/63/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes" 3544: 619: 1002: 148: 551:"Council Directive 86/609/EEC of 24 November 1986...regarding the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes" 1257: 3219: 3163: 1032: 977: 687: 54: 2890: 3303: 967: 349: 3659: 3424: 1681: 1232: 1122: 813: 788: 697: 314: 132:. The group filmed over 72 hours of undercover video at Martin Creek Kennels, which included footage of dogs being shot. In 2006, 1272: 1174: 1349: 270: 3560: 3148: 3073: 1485: 1262: 1217: 3291: 2830: 1578: 997: 747: 657: 3715: 1925: 612: 583: 550: 473: 350:"TITLE 9--ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS: CHAPTER 1--ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE" 221: 3840: 3183: 3093: 987: 109: 17: 3908: 3384: 3344: 3267: 3224: 3078: 3003: 2482: 1237: 1227: 992: 762: 3552: 3203: 3033: 2860: 1935: 1930: 1360: 3520: 3273: 3158: 2372: 1958: 1853: 742: 647: 398: 95: 528: 165:
European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and other Scientific Purposes
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Animals are also sold directly to laboratories by shelters. According to the
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pets from residences or illegally trapping strays, a practice dubbed as
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National Institutes of Health Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare
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claim that pets being stolen for animal research is largely an
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and that the majority of stolen dogs are most likely used for
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Notorious Animal Dealer Loses License and Pays Record Fine
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schools, and companies providing animal-testing services.
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American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
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University of California, Riverside 1985 laboratory raid
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Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
199:American Association for Laboratory Animal Science 181:"under arrangements determined by the authority." 905:Laboratory animal suppliers in the United Kingdom 28:Animals used by laboratories for testing purposes 4013: 1253:List of international animal welfare conventions 246:. American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine 158: 3545:An Introduction to Animals and Political Theory 374:Animal Testing: Where Do the Animals Come From? 47: 2976: 395:"ASPCA Animaland: Real Issues: Animal Testing" 369: 367: 1168: 1003:Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine 613: 307: 305: 303: 149:University of Colorado Health Sciences Center 1258:Moral status of animals in the ancient world 486: 484: 140:, a documentary film based on this footage. 3220:Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society 3164:People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals 1196:Topics (overviews, concepts, issues, cases) 475:HBO's 'Dogs': A Gnawing Portrait of Despair 364: 1175: 1161: 620: 606: 545: 543: 530:How Dogs Are Abused in a Scheme for Profit 500:, The Humane Society of the United States. 430:, The Humane Society of the United States. 332:"Home-Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare" 300: 269:Salinger, Lawrence and Teddlie, Patricia. 265: 263: 261: 3367:Media (books, films, periodicals, albums) 3304:Human Environment Animal Protection Party 968:Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing 481: 216: 214: 3425:Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology 1682:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals 1123:Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 814:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals 698:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals 1273:Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare 540: 258: 14: 4014: 1350:Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness 1117:Animal Experimentation Convention 1986 588:Official Journal of the European Union 570:Experiments on cats and dogs in France 321:, Humane Society of the United States. 283: 211: 94:According to a paper presented to the 3561:Political Animals and Animal Politics 3365: 3149:Massachusetts Animal Rights Coalition 3074:Centre for Animals and Social Justice 2975: 1956: 1486:Concentrated animal feeding operation 1263:Timeline of animal welfare and rights 1218:Animal rights by country or territory 1194: 1156: 601: 414: 244:"Adequate Veterinary Care Guidelines" 3292:Animalist Party with the Environment 1579:Animal testing on non-human primates 998:New England Anti-Vivisection Society 658:Animal testing on non-human primates 478:, Washington Post, February 21, 2006 450:"Foundation for Biomedical Research" 224:. Library Index Science Encyclopedia 3716:Peaceable Kingdom: The Journey Home 1926:World Day for the End of Speciesism 789:Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 24: 3841:Relations. Beyond Anthropocentrism 3184:United Activists for Animal Rights 3094:Doctors Against Animal Experiments 1233:Animal cruelty–Holocaust analogies 988:Foundation for Biomedical Research 627: 110:Foundation for Biomedical Research 77: 68: 60: 25: 4043: 3385:On Abstinence from Eating Animals 3345:Animal Rights National Conference 3268:Animal Protection Party of Canada 3225:Canadian Anti-Vivisection Society 3079:Chinese Animal Protection Network 3004:American Anti-Vivisection Society 2483:Johann Friedrich Ludwig Volckmann 1238:Animal rights in Indian religions 1228:Animal rights and punk subculture 1182: 993:National Anti-Vivisection Society 3992: 3991: 3553:Animal Rights Without Liberation 3204:Voice for Animals Humane Society 1936:World Day for the End of Fishing 1931:World Day for Laboratory Animals 1361:Equal consideration of interests 721: 3274:Animal Justice Party of Finland 3159:Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics 2373:Karl Christian Friedrich Krause 1961:(academics, writers, activists) 1854:Monkey selfie copyright dispute 648:Animal testing on invertebrates 576: 573:, One Voice, France, March 2003 561: 521: 503: 466: 442: 433: 143:Baird's customers included the 108:health profile. Conversely the 96:American Society of Criminology 3497:Animals, Property, and the Law 1574:Alternatives to animal testing 1243:Christianity and animal rights 938:Americans for Medical Progress 643:Alternatives to animal testing 386: 342: 324: 236: 13: 1: 3134:Korea Animal Rights Advocates 1844:Cambridge University primates 1376:Ethics of uncertain sentience 1043:Understanding Animal Research 842:Cambridge University primates 222:"Sources of Research Animals" 173:(EU) are governed by Council 159:Dealers in the European Union 3194:UPF-Centre for Animal Ethics 1344:Argument from marginal cases 703:Testing cosmetics on animals 48:Dealers in the United States 7: 3481:Morals, Reason, and Animals 3109:Farm Animal Rights Movement 3059:Anonymous for the Voiceless 1748:International primate trade 1223:Anarchism and animal rights 1033:Stop Sequani Animal Testing 804:International primate trade 192: 89: 10: 4048: 3601:Making a Stand for Animals 3473:The Case for Animal Rights 3124:Hunt Saboteurs Association 3084:Cruelty Free International 3054:Anti-Vivisection Coalition 1584:Animal testing regulations 1135:Animal Welfare Act of 1966 1112:Animal testing regulations 973:Cruelty Free International 933:Anti-Vivisection Coalition 880:Charles River Laboratories 683:History of model organisms 673:Animal testing regulations 162: 3987: 3960: 3907: 3857: 3797: 3790: 3756:The Ghosts in Our Machine 3611: 3593:Animal Ethics in the Wild 3376: 3372: 3361: 3337: 3248: 3212: 3029:Animal Legal Defense Fund 2996: 2989: 2985: 2971: 2808: 2532: 2525: 2328:William Hamilton Drummond 2270: 1979: 1970: 1966: 1952: 1913: 1892: 1831: 1781: 1723: 1695: 1687:Welfare of farmed insects 1632: 1564: 1456: 1449: 1314:Animal–industrial complex 1281: 1205: 1201: 1190: 1104: 1051: 923: 872: 822: 809:Laboratory animal allergy 771: 730: 719: 693:Laboratory animal sources 678:History of animal testing 668:Animal testing on rodents 663:Animal testing on rabbits 635: 105:Arkansas State University 3834:Journal of Animal Ethics 3700:Your Mommy Kills Animals 3089:Direct Action Everywhere 2498:Johann Heinrich Winckler 2443:Nathaniel Peabody Rogers 1900:Direct Action Everywhere 1604:Huntingdon Life Sciences 1589:Labcorp Drug Development 1546:Feedback (pork industry) 1511:Intensive animal farming 1248:History of animal rights 1038:Research Defence Society 900:Labcorp Drug Development 895:Huntingdon Life Sciences 204: 103:and Patricia Teddlie of 3969:Holocaust on your Plate 3740:An Apology to Elephants 3521:Do Animals Have Rights? 3457:Animals, Men and Morals 3433:Better-World Philosophy 3310:Italian Animalist Party 3189:United Poultry Concerns 3144:Last Chance for Animals 3039:Animal Liberation Front 2926:Maud Ingersoll Probasco 1416:Replaceability argument 1334:Animal-free agriculture 1129:Animal Welfare Act 1999 1008:Primate Freedom Project 953:Animal Free Research UK 653:Animal testing on frogs 392:According to the ASPCA, 153:Oregon State University 130:Last Chance for Animals 3942:Salvation of Innocents 3489:Zoos and Animal Rights 3064:Beauty Without Cruelty 3024:Animal Justice Project 2363:John Zephaniah Holwell 2017:Stephen St. C. Bostock 1594:Great ape research ban 1213:Animal rights movement 799:Great ape research ban 567:Langley, Chris et al. 360:on September 29, 2007. 169:Animal dealers in the 145:University of Missouri 3961:Fairs and exhibitions 3848:The Animals' Defender 3820:Cahiers antispĂ©cistes 3748:Speciesism: The Movie 3569:Animal (De)liberation 3529:Striking at the Roots 3441:The Universal Kinship 3401:The Rights of Animals 3322:People Animals Nature 3316:Party for the Animals 3129:In Defense of Animals 2891:Nina Douglas-Hamilton 2283:David Renaud Boullier 1869:Silver Spring monkeys 1768:Wild animal suffering 1677:Pain in invertebrates 1516:Intensive pig farming 1406:Opposition to hunting 1371:Ethics of eating meat 857:Silver Spring monkeys 354:a257.g.akamaitech.net 55:independent committee 3577:Sentientist Politics 3505:The Lives of Animals 3256:Animal Justice Party 3069:Born Free Foundation 2906:Lizzy Lind af Hageby 2780:Wendy Turner-Webster 2493:Adam Gottlieb Weigen 1715:Recreational fishing 1556:Ventilation shutdown 1324:Animal protectionism 1304:Animal consciousness 1141:Directive 2010/63/EU 1028:Speaking of Research 297:, February 17, 2006. 289:Gillham, Christina. 175:Directive 86/609/EEC 4001:( 139 ) 3827:Etica & Animali 3813:Between the Species 3537:An American Trilogy 3230:Humanitarian League 2841:Frances Power Cobbe 2458:Arthur Schopenhauer 2453:Henry Stephens Salt 2333:Edward Payson Evans 2027:Stephen R. L. Clark 1884:War of the currents 1773:Wildlife management 1667:Pain in crustaceans 1662:Pain in cephalopods 1119:(Council of Europe) 794:Biomedical Research 590:. October 20, 2010. 537:, February 21, 2006 454:"The Pet Theft Myth 291:"Bought to be sold" 280:, October 15, 2006. 4032:Cruelty to animals 3764:Unlocking the Cage 3585:Wild Animal Ethics 3409:The Ethics of Diet 3286:Animalist Movement 3262:Animal Politics EU 3174:Sentience Politics 2800:That Vegan Teacher 2418:Siobhan O'Sullivan 2403:JosĂ© Ferrater Mora 2212:Steve F. Sapontzis 1705:Commercial fishing 1657:Pain in amphibians 1647:Cruelty to animals 1619:Operation Backfire 1458:Animal agriculture 1366:Emotion in animals 847:Monkey Drug Trials 713:Toxicology testing 535:The New York Times 496:2008-03-25 at the 426:2008-02-26 at the 379:2008-06-27 at the 317:2018-10-19 at the 53:be reviewed by an 18:Laboratory animals 4009: 4008: 4002: 3983: 3982: 3979: 3978: 3950:Onward to Freedom 3918:Animal Liberation 3903: 3902: 3724:Forks Over Knives 3676:Peaceable Kingdom 3636:Shores of Silence 3628:A Cow at My Table 3513:Eternal Treblinka 3465:Animal Liberation 3357: 3356: 3353: 3352: 3244: 3243: 3179:Uncaged Campaigns 3154:Mercy for Animals 3119:Great Ape Project 3034:Animal Liberation 2980:(groups, parties) 2967: 2966: 2963: 2962: 2959: 2958: 2866:Elizabeth Farians 2775:Christine Townend 2715:Heather Nicholson 2645:Brigitte Gothière 2635:Antoine Goetschel 2521: 2520: 2182:Charles Patterson 2087:Gary L. Francione 2062:Josephine Donovan 2052:Daniel Dombrowski 2032:Alasdair Cochrane 1948: 1947: 1944: 1943: 1827: 1826: 1758:Predation problem 1642:Animal euthanasia 1551:Foam depopulation 1386:Insects in ethics 1150: 1149: 527:Lee, Felicia R., 101:Lawrence Salinger 16:(Redirected from 4039: 4000: 3995: 3994: 3806:Animal Sentience 3795: 3794: 3660:Legally Blonde 2 3620:The Animals Film 3374: 3373: 3363: 3362: 3169:Rise for Animals 2994: 2993: 2987: 2986: 2973: 2972: 2836:Edith Carrington 2740:Craig Rosebraugh 2705:Virginia McKenna 2695:Jo-Anne McArthur 2625:Juliet Gellatley 2530: 2529: 2488:Mary Anne Warren 2428:Humphrey Primatt 2413:Edward Nicholson 2383:Charles R. Magel 2348:Thomas G. Gentry 2207:Richard D. Ryder 2147:Thomas Lepeltier 1977: 1976: 1968: 1967: 1954: 1953: 1921:World Animal Day 1879:Unnecessary Fuss 1839:Brown Dog affair 1809:Animals in sport 1799:Animal slaughter 1794:Animal sacrifice 1733:Culling wildlife 1536:Wildlife farming 1454: 1453: 1299:Animal cognition 1268:Total liberation 1203: 1202: 1192: 1191: 1177: 1170: 1163: 1154: 1153: 863:Unnecessary Fuss 837:Brown Dog affair 725: 622: 615: 608: 599: 598: 592: 591: 580: 574: 565: 559: 558: 547: 538: 525: 519: 507: 501: 488: 479: 470: 464: 463: 461: 460: 446: 440: 437: 431: 418: 412: 409: 407: 406: 397:. Archived from 390: 384: 371: 362: 361: 356:. 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Barnard 1061:Colin Blakemore 1053: 1047: 925: 919: 868: 824: 818: 767: 763:Syrian hamsters 726: 717: 631: 626: 596: 595: 582: 581: 577: 566: 562: 549: 548: 541: 526: 522: 508: 504: 498:Wayback Machine 489: 482: 471: 467: 458: 456: 448: 447: 443: 438: 434: 428:Wayback Machine 419: 415: 404: 402: 393: 391: 387: 381:Wayback Machine 372: 365: 348: 347: 343: 330: 329: 325: 319:Wayback Machine 312:Class B dealers 310: 301: 288: 284: 268: 259: 249: 247: 242: 241: 237: 227: 225: 220: 219: 212: 207: 195: 167: 161: 92: 80: 78:Animal shelters 71: 69:Class B dealers 63: 61:Class A dealers 50: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4045: 4035: 4034: 4029: 4024: 4022:Animal testing 4007: 4006: 4004: 4003: 3988: 3985: 3984: 3981: 3980: 3977: 3976: 3974: 3973: 3964: 3962: 3958: 3957: 3955: 3954: 3946: 3938: 3930: 3922: 3913: 3911: 3905: 3904: 3901: 3900: 3898: 3897: 3890: 3883: 3876: 3869: 3861: 3859: 3855: 3854: 3852: 3851: 3844: 3837: 3830: 3823: 3816: 3809: 3801: 3799: 3792: 3788: 3787: 3785: 3784: 3776: 3768: 3760: 3752: 3744: 3736: 3728: 3720: 3712: 3704: 3696: 3688: 3680: 3672: 3664: 3656: 3652:Meet Your Meat 3648: 3640: 3632: 3624: 3615: 3613: 3609: 3608: 3606: 3605: 3597: 3589: 3581: 3573: 3565: 3557: 3549: 3541: 3533: 3525: 3517: 3509: 3501: 3493: 3485: 3477: 3469: 3461: 3453: 3449:The New Ethics 3445: 3437: 3429: 3421: 3413: 3405: 3397: 3389: 3380: 3378: 3370: 3369: 3359: 3358: 3355: 3354: 3351: 3350: 3348: 3347: 3341: 3339: 3335: 3334: 3332: 3331: 3325: 3319: 3313: 3307: 3301: 3295: 3289: 3283: 3280:Animals' Party 3277: 3271: 3265: 3259: 3252: 3250: 3246: 3245: 3242: 3241: 3239: 3238: 3233: 3227: 3222: 3216: 3214: 3210: 3209: 3207: 3206: 3201: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3156: 3151: 3146: 3141: 3136: 3131: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3111: 3106: 3101: 3096: 3091: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3056: 3051: 3049:AnimaNaturalis 3046: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3019:Animal Justice 3016: 3011: 3006: 3000: 2998: 2991: 2983: 2982: 2969: 2968: 2965: 2964: 2961: 2960: 2957: 2956: 2954: 2953: 2951:Gretchen Wyler 2948: 2943: 2938: 2933: 2928: 2923: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2903: 2898: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2881:Lewis Gompertz 2878: 2873: 2871:Emarel Freshel 2868: 2863: 2861:Muriel Dowding 2858: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2812: 2810: 2806: 2805: 2803: 2802: 2797: 2795:Gary Yourofsky 2792: 2787: 2782: 2777: 2772: 2767: 2762: 2757: 2752: 2747: 2742: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2722: 2717: 2712: 2710:Ingrid Newkirk 2707: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2662: 2657: 2655:Charlotte Laws 2652: 2647: 2642: 2637: 2632: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2580:Yves Bonnardel 2577: 2572: 2567: 2562: 2557: 2555:Martin Balluch 2552: 2547: 2542: 2536: 2534: 2527: 2523: 2522: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2515: 2510: 2505: 2503:Steven M. Wise 2500: 2495: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2470: 2465: 2460: 2455: 2450: 2448:Bernard Rollin 2445: 2440: 2435: 2430: 2425: 2420: 2415: 2410: 2408:Leonard Nelson 2405: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2370: 2365: 2360: 2355: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2313:Herman Daggett 2310: 2305: 2303:Priscilla Cohn 2300: 2295: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2278:Jeremy Bentham 2274: 2272: 2268: 2267: 2265: 2264: 2259: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2224: 2219: 2214: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2194: 2192:Jessica Pierce 2189: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2139: 2134: 2129: 2124: 2122:Kyle Johannsen 2119: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2099: 2094: 2089: 2084: 2079: 2074: 2069: 2064: 2059: 2054: 2049: 2047:David DeGrazia 2044: 2039: 2034: 2029: 2024: 2019: 2014: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1987:Carol J. Adams 1983: 1981: 1974: 1964: 1963: 1950: 1949: 1946: 1945: 1942: 1941: 1939: 1938: 1933: 1928: 1923: 1917: 1915: 1911: 1910: 1908: 1907: 1902: 1896: 1894: 1890: 1889: 1887: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1859:Pit of despair 1856: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1835: 1833: 1829: 1828: 1825: 1824: 1822: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1789:Abandoned pets 1785: 1783: 1779: 1778: 1776: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1760: 1755: 1750: 1745: 1740: 1735: 1729: 1727: 1721: 1720: 1718: 1717: 1712: 1707: 1701: 1699: 1693: 1692: 1690: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1638: 1636: 1634:Animal welfare 1630: 1629: 1627: 1626: 1621: 1616: 1611: 1609:Model organism 1606: 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1570: 1568: 1566:Animal testing 1562: 1561: 1559: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1541:Working animal 1538: 1533: 1531:Slaughterhouse 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1506:Insect farming 1503: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1466:Animal product 1462: 1460: 1451: 1447: 1446: 1444: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1421:Sentiocentrism 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1329:Animal welfare 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1285: 1283: 1279: 1278: 1276: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1209: 1207: 1199: 1198: 1188: 1187: 1180: 1179: 1172: 1165: 1157: 1148: 1147: 1145: 1144: 1138: 1132: 1126: 1120: 1114: 1108: 1106: 1102: 1101: 1099: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1076:Ingrid Newkirk 1073: 1068: 1063: 1057: 1055: 1049: 1048: 1046: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1000: 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 929: 927: 921: 920: 918: 917: 912: 907: 902: 897: 892: 887: 882: 876: 874: 870: 869: 867: 866: 859: 854: 852:Pit of despair 849: 844: 839: 834: 828: 826: 820: 819: 817: 816: 811: 806: 801: 796: 791: 786: 784:Animal welfare 781: 775: 773: 769: 768: 766: 765: 760: 755: 750: 745: 740: 734: 732: 728: 727: 720: 718: 716: 715: 710: 705: 700: 695: 690: 685: 680: 675: 670: 665: 660: 655: 650: 645: 639: 637: 633: 632: 629:Animal testing 625: 624: 617: 610: 602: 594: 593: 575: 560: 555:European Union 539: 520: 502: 480: 465: 441: 432: 413: 385: 363: 341: 323: 299: 282: 276:2013-01-16 at 257: 235: 209: 208: 206: 203: 202: 201: 194: 191: 171:European Union 160: 157: 91: 88: 79: 76: 70: 67: 62: 59: 49: 46: 32:animal-testing 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4044: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4027:Animal rights 4025: 4023: 4020: 4019: 4017: 3998: 3990: 3989: 3986: 3971: 3970: 3966: 3965: 3963: 3959: 3952: 3951: 3947: 3944: 3943: 3939: 3936: 3935: 3931: 3928: 3927: 3926:Tame Yourself 3923: 3920: 3919: 3915: 3914: 3912: 3910: 3906: 3896: 3895: 3891: 3889: 3888: 3887:No Compromise 3884: 3882: 3881: 3877: 3875: 3874: 3870: 3868: 3867: 3863: 3862: 3860: 3856: 3850: 3849: 3845: 3843: 3842: 3838: 3836: 3835: 3831: 3829: 3828: 3824: 3822: 3821: 3817: 3815: 3814: 3810: 3808: 3807: 3803: 3802: 3800: 3796: 3793: 3789: 3782: 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3320: 3318:(Netherlands) 3317: 3314: 3311: 3308: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3284: 3281: 3278: 3275: 3272: 3269: 3266: 3263: 3260: 3257: 3254: 3253: 3251: 3247: 3237: 3234: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3221: 3218: 3217: 3215: 3211: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3145: 3142: 3140: 3137: 3135: 3132: 3130: 3127: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3115: 3112: 3110: 3107: 3105: 3102: 3100: 3097: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3060: 3057: 3055: 3052: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3044:Animal Rising 3042: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3014:Animal Ethics 3012: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3002: 3001: 2999: 2995: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2979: 2974: 2970: 2952: 2949: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2939: 2937: 2934: 2932: 2929: 2927: 2924: 2922: 2919: 2917: 2914: 2912: 2911:Jessie Mackay 2909: 2907: 2904: 2902: 2899: 2897: 2894: 2892: 2889: 2887: 2886:James Granger 2884: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2869: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2849: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2821:Henry B. Amos 2819: 2817: 2814: 2813: 2811: 2807: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2793: 2791: 2790:Louise Wallis 2788: 2786: 2783: 2781: 2778: 2776: 2773: 2771: 2768: 2766: 2763: 2761: 2758: 2756: 2755:Kim Stallwood 2753: 2751: 2750:Jasmin Singer 2748: 2746: 2745:Nathan Runkle 2743: 2741: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2731: 2730:David Olivier 2728: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2718: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2631: 2628: 2626: 2623: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2615:John Feldmann 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2590:Aymeric Caron 2588: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2560:Carole Baskin 2558: 2556: 2553: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2541: 2538: 2537: 2535: 2531: 2528: 2524: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2496: 2494: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2476: 2474: 2471: 2469: 2466: 2464: 2463:Laurids Smith 2461: 2459: 2456: 2454: 2451: 2449: 2446: 2444: 2441: 2439: 2436: 2434: 2433:James Rachels 2431: 2429: 2426: 2424: 2421: 2419: 2416: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2404: 2401: 2399: 2396: 2394: 2391: 2389: 2386: 2384: 2381: 2379: 2378:John Lawrence 2376: 2374: 2371: 2369: 2366: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2356: 2354: 2351: 2349: 2346: 2344: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2319: 2316: 2314: 2311: 2309: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2289: 2288:Brigid Brophy 2286: 2284: 2281: 2279: 2276: 2275: 2273: 2269: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2252:Tatjana Višak 2250: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2242:David Sztybel 2240: 2238: 2237:Cass Sunstein 2235: 2233: 2230: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2213: 2210: 2208: 2205: 2203: 2202:Mark Rowlands 2200: 2198: 2197:Evelyn Pluhar 2195: 2193: 2190: 2188: 2185: 2183: 2180: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2152:Andrew Linzey 2150: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2140: 2138: 2137:Will Kymlicka 2135: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2117:Dale Jamieson 2115: 2113: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2097:ValĂ©ry Giroux 2095: 2093: 2092:Robert Garner 2090: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2057:Sue Donaldson 2055: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2038: 2037:J. M. Coetzee 2035: 2033: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2002:Tom Beauchamp 2000: 1998: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1975: 1969: 1965: 1960: 1955: 1951: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1918: 1916: 1912: 1906: 1905:Hunt sabotage 1903: 1901: 1898: 1897: 1895: 1893:Methodologies 1891: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1836: 1834: 1830: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1746: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1738:Hare coursing 1736: 1734: 1731: 1730: 1728: 1726: 1722: 1716: 1713: 1711: 1708: 1706: 1703: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1694: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1639: 1637: 1635: 1631: 1625: 1622: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1610: 1607: 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1210: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1184:Animal rights 1178: 1173: 1171: 1166: 1164: 1159: 1158: 1155: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1109: 1107: 1103: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1091:Simon Festing 1089: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1056: 1050: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 930: 928: 922: 916: 913: 911: 908: 906: 903: 901: 898: 896: 893: 891: 888: 886: 883: 881: 878: 877: 875: 871: 865: 864: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 829: 827: 823:Controversial 821: 815: 812: 810: 807: 805: 802: 800: 797: 795: 792: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 779:Animal rights 777: 776: 774: 770: 764: 761: 759: 756: 754: 751: 749: 746: 744: 743:Invertebrates 741: 739: 736: 735: 733: 729: 724: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 701: 699: 696: 694: 691: 689: 686: 684: 681: 679: 676: 674: 671: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 654: 651: 649: 646: 644: 641: 640: 638: 636:Main articles 634: 630: 623: 618: 616: 611: 609: 604: 603: 600: 589: 585: 579: 572: 571: 564: 556: 552: 546: 544: 536: 532: 531: 524: 517: 513: 512: 506: 499: 495: 492: 487: 485: 477: 476: 472:Crews, Chip, 469: 455: 451: 445: 436: 429: 425: 422: 417: 401:on 2008-06-27 400: 396: 389: 382: 378: 375: 370: 368: 359: 355: 351: 345: 337: 333: 327: 320: 316: 313: 308: 306: 304: 296: 292: 286: 279: 278:archive.today 275: 272: 266: 264: 262: 245: 239: 223: 217: 215: 210: 200: 197: 196: 190: 186: 182: 178: 176: 172: 166: 156: 154: 150: 146: 141: 139: 135: 131: 127: 121: 119: 115: 111: 106: 102: 97: 87: 85: 75: 66: 58: 56: 45: 43: 38: 33: 29: 19: 3967: 3948: 3940: 3932: 3924: 3916: 3892: 3885: 3878: 3871: 3864: 3846: 3839: 3832: 3825: 3818: 3811: 3804: 3778: 3770: 3762: 3754: 3746: 3738: 3730: 3722: 3714: 3706: 3698: 3690: 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Forster 2298:Mona Caird 2271:Historical 2132:Hilda Kean 2102:Lori Gruen 1436:Vegaphobia 1426:Speciesism 1319:Animal law 1066:Carl Cohen 963:Boyd Group 924:Groups and 731:Testing on 459:2007-12-20 405:2008-06-27 163:See also: 114:urban myth 3934:Manifesto 3873:Bite Back 3858:Magazines 3732:Vegucated 3330:(Germany) 3328:V-ParteiÂł 3306:(Germany) 3300:(Belgium) 3276:(Finland) 3099:Equanimal 2685:Jim Mason 2640:Mark Gold 2575:Gene Baur 2550:Matt Ball 2526:Activists 2438:Tom Regan 2217:Jeff Sebo 2162:Dan Lyons 1971:Academics 1959:Advocates 1814:Live food 1614:Nafovanny 1521:Livestock 1501:Fur trade 1476:Bile bear 1411:Personism 1206:Overviews 1096:Tipu Aziz 1054:activists 926:campaigns 910:Nafovanny 873:Companies 411:Virginia. 250:April 12, 228:April 12, 136:produced 3997:Category 3866:Arkangel 3798:Journals 3772:Dominion 3708:The Cove 3338:Activism 3282:(Sweden) 3270:(Canada) 3264:(Europe) 2978:Movement 2513:Voltaire 1431:Veganism 1381:Ethology 1282:Concepts 1013:Pro-Test 915:Shamrock 832:Britches 748:Primates 708:Three Rs 494:Archived 424:Archived 377:Archived 315:Archived 295:Newsweek 274:Archived 193:See also 126:Arkansas 90:Bunching 42:bunching 37:breeders 3312:(Italy) 3294:(Spain) 3288:(Italy) 3249:Parties 1743:Hunting 1697:Fishing 1356:Carnism 758:Rodents 753:Rabbits 3999:  3972:(2003) 3953:(2014) 3945:(2014) 3937:(2008) 3929:(1991) 3921:(1987) 3909:Albums 3783:(2021) 3775:(2018) 3767:(2016) 3759:(2013) 3751:(2013) 3743:(2013) 3735:(2011) 3727:(2011) 3719:(2009) 3711:(2009) 3703:(2007) 3695:(2006) 3687:(2005) 3679:(2004) 3671:(2003) 3663:(2003) 3655:(2002) 3647:(2000) 3639:(2000) 3631:(1998) 3623:(1981) 3604:(2022) 3596:(2022) 3588:(2020) 3580:(2018) 3572:(2016) 3564:(2014) 3556:(2012) 3548:(2010) 3540:(2009) 3532:(2008) 3524:(2005) 3516:(2001) 3508:(1999) 3500:(1995) 3492:(1993) 3484:(1987) 3476:(1983) 3468:(1975) 3460:(1971) 3452:(1907) 3444:(1906) 3436:(1899) 3428:(1897) 3420:(1892) 3412:(1883) 3404:(1838) 3396:(1824) 2990:Groups 1450:Issues 1294:Ahimsa 890:Harlan 885:Envigo 772:Issues 151:, and 3894:Satya 3612:Films 3377:Books 3199:Viva! 1832:Cases 1782:Other 1023:SPEAK 948:AALAS 738:Frogs 688:IACUC 383:ASPCA 205:Notes 3139:L214 1864:SHAC 1143:(EU) 1137:(US) 1131:(NZ) 1125:(UK) 1018:SHAC 978:PETA 943:AAAS 252:2010 230:2010 983:ALF 958:ALF 516:HBO 134:HBO 4018:: 586:. 553:. 542:^ 533:, 514:, 483:^ 452:. 366:^ 352:. 334:. 302:^ 293:, 260:^ 213:^ 147:, 120:. 57:. 44:. 1176:e 1169:t 1162:v 621:e 614:t 607:v 557:. 462:. 408:. 338:. 254:. 232:. 20:)

Index

Laboratory animals
animal-testing
breeders
independent committee
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
American Society of Criminology
Lawrence Salinger
Arkansas State University
Foundation for Biomedical Research
urban myth
dog fighting
Arkansas
Last Chance for Animals
HBO
University of Missouri
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
Oregon State University
European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and other Scientific Purposes
European Union
Directive 86/609/EEC
American Association for Laboratory Animal Science


"Sources of Research Animals"
"Adequate Veterinary Care Guidelines"



"Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Royal York, Toronto"
Archived

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