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404:, his residence, and devoted his time to beekeeping. The site was 10 acres (40,000 m), and was an ideal place to keep bees. Langstroth planted a row of linden trees along the street, and apple trees throughout his property. He sowed buckwheat and clover seed, using 1-acre (4,000 m) of ground for a formal garden, filled with the flowers that bees like best, and called it his honey garden. The home where he lived from 1858 to 1887 was built in 1856, and is now called
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168:, clergyman, and teacher, and considered to be the father of American beekeeping. He recognized the concept of bee-space, a minimum distance that bees avoid sealing up. Although not his own discovery, the use of this principle allowed for the use of frames that the bees leave separate and this allowed the use of rectangular frames within the design of what is now called the
352:, and yet multiply colonies with greater rapidity and certainty than by the common methods .... feeble colonies could be strengthened, and those which had lost their queen furnished with the means of obtaining another. .... If I suspected that anything was wrong with a hive, I could quickly ascertain its true condition and apply the proper remedies.
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had been focused on side-opened hives. Land resources in Europe had been limited, and bees were traditionally kept in beehouses. The idea of “bee space” had been incorporated by
Berlepsch following Dzierzon’s discoveries, from the years 1835–1848, into his frame arrangement (Bienen-Zeitung, May
452:
Inscribed to the memory of Rev. L.L Langstroth, "Father of
American beekeeping," by his affectionate beneficiaries who, in the remembrance of the service rendered by his persistent and painstaking observations and experiments with the honey bee, his improvements in the hive, and the literary ability
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in
America. A Philadelphia cabinetmaker and fellow bee enthusiast, Henry Bourquin, made Langstroth's first hives for him. By 1852, Langstroth had more than a hundred of these hives, and began selling them where he could. Langstroth spent many years attempting to defend his patent without success. He
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had created movable-frame hives in 1806. Prokopovich's frames rested on the bottom. The idea was however unknown to
Langstroth. Langstroth filed his patent in January 1852 and shortly after that he fell ill and he was forced to quit his schoolteaching and he returned to Greenfield. Here he wrote a
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Langstroth received his first
Italian bees at his home in 1863; Italian bees were more productive than the European bees that were most common in America at the time. He and his son sold the Italian queens at $ 20USD each, and in one year, sold 100 of them, with many being sent by post all over the
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was the chief sweetener in
American diets, so Langstroth's new beekeeping techniques were of great importance. His discoveries and inventions allowed beekeeping to be done more cost-effectively on a large scale. Since four to twelve pounds of honey—in addition to many hours of bee time—are consumed
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Langstroth also found that several communicating hive boxes can be stacked one above another, and that the queen can be confined to the lowest (or brood) chamber, by means of a queen excluder. In this way, the upper chambers can be reached only by the workers, and therefore contain only honey-comb.
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in this hive were examined like pages in a book. Langstroth read the works of
Francois Huber and Edward Bevan and obtained a Huber leaf hive in 1838. Langstroth acknowledged Huber's contribution and noted: “The use of the Huber hive had satisfied me that, with proper precautions, the combs might be
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in his top-opening hive. In the summer of 1851, he found that by leaving an even, approximately bee-sized space between the top of the frames holding the honeycomb and the flat coverboard above, he was able to remove the coverboard quite easily, which was normally well-cemented to the frames with
335:
Bee Keeper's Manual. A translation was made of
Dzierzon's book by Samuel Wagner who visited Langstroth and persuaded Langstroth to write a book. Wagner began the American Bee Journal in 1861. On 5 October 1852, Langstroth received a patent on the first movable frame
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removed without enraging the bees, and that these insects were capable of being tamed to a surprising degree. Without knowledge of these facts, I should have regarded a hive permitting the removal of the combs as quite too dangerous for practical use.” (
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and son
Camille Pierre who had settled from France in Hamilton, Illinois. They published in French and Italian and came to the defence of Langstroth when his patent was challenged as being based on older ideas.
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208:. A large granite marker was placed on the church's front lawn by national beekeeper E. F. Phillips and others in 1948. In 1848, Langstroth became the principal of a young ladies' school in
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This made hive inspection and many other management practices possible, and turned the art of beekeeping into a full-scale industry. At the time of
Langstroth's contributions,
444:. Langstroth died at the pulpit of the Wayne Avenue Presbyterian Church in Dayton on October 6, 1895, just as he was beginning a sermon on the love of God. He is buried at
380:(Northampton (Massachusetts): Hopkins, Bridgman, 1853), which provided practical advice on bee management and, after more than 40 editions, is still in print today.
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in May 1836. In 1838 he visited a friend who kept bees and became interested in beekeeping. From 1843–48, he served as pastor of the Second Congregational Church in
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on December 25 1810, the second of eight children in a family of English descent. Even as a boy he showed keen interest in insects. He graduated in theology from
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290:, and made separation difficult. Langstroth later used this discovery to make the frames themselves easily removable. If a small space was left (less than
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348:... the chief peculiarity in my hive was the facility with which they could be removed without enraging the bees .... I could dispense with natural
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269: in) was present, bees did not close it with wax. This allowed movable frames which could be kept free of each other. In Europe, both
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1852). Langstroth made many other discoveries in beekeeping, and contributed greatly to the industrialization of modern beekeeping.
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shown in the first scientific and popular book on the subject of beekeeping in the United States, gratefully erect this monument.
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In 1851 he created something called improved bar-hives where he used bars at the top of the hive to suspend combs.
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Hoffman, Marc (January 2010). "Appreciating Lorenzo Langstroth: Inventor, Scientist, Author, Minister".
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in 1831, and subsequently held a tutorship there from 1834–1835. After this, he was pastor of various
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228:, was a fully movable frame hive, but had solid frames that were touching and made up the "box." The
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In 1853, Langstroth had moved back to Greenfield, Massachusetts from Philadelphia, and published
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The ABC of Bee Culture: A Cyclopaedia of Everything Pertaining to the Care of the Honey-bee ...
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never earned any royalties, because the patent was easily and widely infringed.
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Langstroth's book was taken over for revisions from 1885 by the bee-keepers
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In 1887, he moved with his daughter, Mrs. H. C. Cowan, and her family to
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510:— his great-great-grandson, astrophysicist, and co-discoverer of the
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716:(3rd ed.). New York: C. M. Saxton, Barker & Co. p. 15
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Scan of "Langstroth on the hive and the honey-bee" 1853 edition
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America's Master of Bee Culture: The Life of L. L. Langstroth
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Langstroth revolutionized the beekeeping industry by using
493:— L.L. Langstroth's joint patent (with S. Wagner) for an
366:, honey production was increased from reuse of the comb.
314: in or 9.5 mm), the bees filled it with comb.
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Langstroth was popularly credited with discovering the "
304:; conversely, when a larger space was left (more than
164:(December 25, 1810 – October 6, 1895) was an American
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Improved Apparatus for Extracting Honey from the Comb
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Center for the Enhancement of Learning and Teaching.
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300: in or 6.4 mm), the bees filled it with
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713:A Practical Treatise on the Hive and Honey-Bee
671:Johansson, T. S. K.; Johansson, M. P. (1967).
344:are still in common use today. He wrote that
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892:Burials at Woodland Cemetery and Arboretum
829:L. L. (Lorenzo Lorraine) Langstroth papers
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362:by bees in the production of one pound of
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769:. Vol. 138, no. 1. p. 21.
673:"Lorenzo L. Langstroth and the Bee Space"
448:in Dayton. His epitaph reads as follows:
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457:Langstroth's papers are located at the
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634:"The Story of Langstroth and His Book"
710:Langstroth, Lorenzo Lorraine (1860).
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897:American Congregationalist ministers
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157:at 106 S. Front St., Philadelphia PA
104:South Church, Andover, Massachusetts
617:US Patent US9300A - October 5, 1852
599:from the original on March 18, 2023
518:Langstroth's Hive and the Honey-Bee
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800:Works by or about L. L. Langstroth
528:(original version, still in print)
396:Langstroth Cottage in Oxford, Ohio
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746:from the original on June 2, 2016
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483:— L.L. Langstroth's patent for a
473:— L.L. Langstroth's patent for a
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912:19th-century American educators
446:Woodland Cemetery and Arboretum
833:American Philosophical Society
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689:10.1080/0005772X.1967.11097170
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650:10.1080/0005772X.1961.11096911
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459:American Philosophical Society
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318:Innovations to beehive design
123:Father of American beekeeping
16:American apiarist (1810–1895)
917:19th-century American clergy
241:Development of the bee space
143:Harriet A. Langstroth (1847)
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902:Educators from Philadelphia
815:(public domain audiobooks)
533:Great Masters of Beekeeping
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487:Reissued from May 26, 1863.
416:, and is today home to the
400:After 1858 Langstroth made
382:Langstroth on the Honey Bee
235:Langstroth on the Honey-Bee
220:The Leaf Hive, invented in
216:Contributions to beekeeping
162:Lorenzo Lorraine Langstroth
47:Lorenzo Lorraine Langstroth
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410:National Historic Landmark
378:The Hive and the Honey-Bee
371:The Hive and the Honey-Bee
182:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
61:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
809:Works by L. L. Langstroth
791:Works by L. L. Langstroth
461:Library in Philadelphia.
414:Western College for Women
210:Greenfield, Massachusetts
206:Greenfield, Massachusetts
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887:Clergy from Philadelphia
882:People from Oxford, Ohio
589:Root, Amos Ives (1891).
554:Cornell University Press
535:, Bee Books New and Old
412:. It was donated to the
384:was published in 1860.
180:Langstroth was born in
139:James Langstroth (1837)
131:Anne Tucker (1812–1873)
877:Yale University alumni
736:"Lorenzo L Langstroth"
497:from January 15, 1867.
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202:Andover, Massachusetts
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153:Lorenzo L. Langstroth
141:Anna Langstroth (1840)
740:americasbeekeeper.org
632:Grout, R. A. (1961).
520:, Dover Publications
477:from October 5, 1852.
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176:Early life and family
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388:Move to Oxford, Ohio
275:August von Berlepsch
186:Yale Divinity School
907:Educators from Ohio
872:American beekeepers
857:Beekeeping pioneers
595:pp. 325–326.
406:Langstroth Cottage
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102:5th Pastor of the
37:Langstroth in 1890
795:Project Gutenberg
563:978-0-8014-1053-6
546:Naile, Florence.
155:historical marker
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114:Notable work
80:Dayton, Ohio
74:(1895-10-06)
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867:1895 deaths
862:1810 births
767:Bee Culture
508:Clyde Cowan
224:in 1789 by
222:Switzerland
851:Categories
577:References
436:Later life
53:1810-12-25
775:1071-3190
697:0005-772X
677:Bee World
658:0005-772X
638:Bee World
283:bee space
247:bee space
108:Beekeeper
813:LibriVox
744:Archived
597:Archived
571:Apiology
512:neutrino
502:See also
485:Bee hive
475:Bee hive
350:swarming
302:propolis
288:propolis
237:, 1860)
166:apiarist
136:Children
831:at the
802:at the
720:June 9,
465:Patents
364:beeswax
337:beehive
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128:Spouse
94:(1831)
82:, U.S.
63:, U.S.
359:honey
230:combs
771:ISSN
752:2016
722:2024
693:ISSN
654:ISSN
605:2022
558:ISBN
537:ISBN
522:ISBN
273:and
69:Died
43:Born
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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