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Islamic foundation, concluded that 64% of
Islamic divorces are initiated by women. Imams in North America have adopted multiple approaches towards Khulʿ. One of the biggest issues that cause imams to differ in their views is whether or not the women should return the mahr to the husband. Another important issue for women in North America is getting both a civil decree and religious divorce. Religious divorce is sought out as "a meaningful personal and spiritual process" that is attained in addition to (not as a substitute) to a civil decree. Another important issue that arises in North America is that many women are unaware of their Islamic right to seek khulʿ. Some North American women even caution that being assertive and knowledgeable of Islamic law in front of their imam may even be detrimental to them. Women have said that the imams appeared to be "less sympathetic" because they saw the women as challengers to their authority.
1401:) given to the wife. However, some interpretations suggest that the husband is entitled a greater compensation, while other interpretations suggest that the husband is not entitled to any compensation. According to some interpretations, khulʿ demands that the mahr already paid be returned along with any wedding gifts. According to majority of imams of fiqh this law only to apply if there is no fault on the husband. Men sometimes prefer and pressure their wives to demand a khulʿ instead of the husband pronouncing a talaq so that the husband can demand the return of the mahr. Another scenario that rarely arises in khulʿ is that the husband will request an unreasonable financial compensation. This can effectively constrain her from seeking khulʿ because they have no means to support themselves financially with the loss of their mahr and other wedding “gifts.”
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as cruelty or impotence undisclosed at time of marriage. In addition, if a husband cannot provide his wife with basic marital obligations, such as shelter or maintenance, a woman may be granted khulʿ. If the woman is underage, then consent must be given by the guardian of her property. The details of laws of khulʿ in particular cannot be found in the Qur'an directly, so a
269:
1450:, and a minority opinion limits it to a single period. If a woman has already gone through menopause, she must wait three calendar months. The waiting period for a woman who has irregular periods is dependent on different interpretations. If a woman is pregnant, she must observe the waiting period until she gives birth.
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Custody of children tends to be given to their mother if she has not remarried, but the father is still obligated to provide support. Once a child is old enough (seven for boys, nine for girls), he or she is given the choice of which parent to live with according to Shafii, or custody is given to the
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Most schools agree that husband's agreement is essential to the granting of divorce, unless there are extenuating circumstances. Only few schools allow a judge to give a no fault divorce without the husband's consent. The husband does not have to consent if there are valid grounds for divorce, such
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Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: The wife of Thabit bin Qais came to the
Prophet and said, "O Allah's Apostle! I do not blame Thabit for defects in his character or his religion, but I, being a Muslim, dislike to behave in un-Islamic manner if I remain with him." On that Allah's Apostle said to her, "Will you
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Iraq is unique in that it is stated in the law that infidelity constitutes as a valid reason for divorce. In addition, a woman is allowed to seek khul' if her husband is infertile and they do not have children. When a woman is granted khulʿ, compensation can be greater or less than the dower(if
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According to a ten-year study from 1992 to 2002 conducted by Dr Ilyas Ba-Yunus, the overall divorce rate amongst
Muslims in North America was at 32% which was significantly lower than the 51% rate for the general population. Further, In North America, a 2009 a study conducted for SoundVision, an
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Divorce is twice. Then, either keep in an acceptable manner or release with good treatment. And it is not lawful for you to take anything of what you have given them unless both fear that they will not be able to keep the limits of Allah. But if you fear that they will not keep the limits of
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in 2000, allowing a Muslim woman to divorce her husband without any fault. The law is so strict that only 126 women out of 5,000 women who applied for khul were actually granted. As a condition of the divorce, the woman renounces any financial claim on the husband and any entitlement to the
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And if a woman fears from her husband contempt or evasion, there is no sin upon them if they make terms of settlement between them—and settlement is best. And present in souls is stinginess. But if you do good and fear Allah—then indeed Allah is ever
Acquainted, with what you do.
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Alcoholism, jail time of more than three years, impotence, mental feebleness, and hatred are grounds for khulʿ. While domestic violence is considered a sufficient reason for divorce, it is against the law in Yemen for husbands to physically or psychologically harm their wives.
1430:, or Islamic Sharia court judge, can grant the khulʿ without the husband's consent. When petition for khulʿ is taken to the Sharia courts, a judge is permitted to substitute the husband and annul the marriage. This process of judicial annulment is also commonly referred to as
1502:, compensation other than money can include child care or custody. In Jordan, courts saw an exponential increase in khulʿ cases after a law change that allowed a woman to end her marriage by returning her mahr and without proving fault.
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matrimonial home. The
Islamic khulʿ procedure has also been used by some Egyptian Christian women to obtain a no-fault divorce, and it is considered by some as an opportunity for their empowerment vis-à-vis patriarchical institutions.
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Allah, then there is no blame upon either of them concerning that by which she ransoms herself. These are the limits of Allah, so do not transgress them. And whoever transgresses the limits of Allah—it is those who are the wrongdoers.
1426:(husband's repudiation of the marriage) or judicial annulment. If the husband does not consent to the divorce, a woman often goes to a mediating third party, such as an imam. Only a person versed in Islamic law i.e. a
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The
Dissolution of Muslim Marriage Act allowed judicial khula without the husband's consent and was later extended to include no fault divorce if the wife agrees to forfeit her financial rights.
1446:. According to the majority opinion, which includes the reliable position in the Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali schools, the waiting period for khul' is the same as the waiting period for
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and everything she received from him during their life together, or without returning anything, as agreed by the spouses or judge's decree, depending on the circumstances.
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give back the garden which your husband has given you as Mahr?" She said, "Yes." Then the
Prophet ordered to Thabit, "O Thabit! Accept your garden, and divorce her once."
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The most well known story that references khul' and serves as the basis for legal interpretations is the story of
Jamilah, the wife of
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Women and Muslim Family Laws in Arab States: A Comparative
Overview of Textual Development and Advocacy
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In Morocco, if a woman is coerced or harassed by her husband, he is not entitled to compensation. In
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father according to the Hanbali school, or custody is given to mother according to Maliki school.
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court judge must refer to Hadith and precedent in deciding what are valid reasons for divorce.
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1869:"Law Firm | Karachi | Pakistan | Lawyers | Corporate, Trademark Law, Litigation, Property"
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When a woman is granted a divorce through khulʿ, she must enter a waiting period known as
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Human Rights under State-Enforced Religious Family Laws in Israel, Egypt and India
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1737:. Vol. 19. Kuwait Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs. pp. 252–253.
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Laws of Pakistan Relating to Marriage, Divorce, Custody and Maintenance
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The Status of Women Under Islamic Law and Modern Islamic Legislation.
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Islamic Divorce in North America: A Shari'a Path in a Secular Society
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The Status of Women Under Islamic Law and Modern Islamic Legislation
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1558:"Pengertian Khulu dalam Ikatan Pernikahan dan Hukumnya dalam Islam"
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From the "Sahih International" translation of the Qur'an.
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Macfarlane 2012, Islamic Divorce in North America, 142.
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Khulʿ is the most common form of divorce in Northern
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1766:"Egypt Divorce Rates Hit New High with 'Khula' Law"
90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1906:Shari'a: Islamic Law in the Contemporary Context
1891:Amanat, Abbas and Frank Griffel 2009, p. 175.
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1784:. Cambridge University Press. p. 154.
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2021:New Khula (Divorce) Law in Punjab Pakistan
1657:"63. Divorce - Sahih Al-Bukhari - 0 - 197"
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1904:Amanat, Abbas and Frank Griffel (2009).
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230:Learn how and when to remove this message
212:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
1946:Women, Family, and Gender in Islamic Law
192:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1873:Law Firm | Karachi | Pakistan | Lawyers
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2041:
2015:The Law of Divorce (Khula) in Pakistan
1979:The Law of Divorce (Khula) in Pakistan
1323:, is a procedure based on traditional
1735:Encyclopedia of Islamic Jurisprudence
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2033:"The Hard Way Out: Divorce By Khula"
1768:. Al Arabiya News. December 4, 2012.
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88:adding citations to reliable sources
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1937:Nasir, Dr. Jamal J. Ahmad (2009).
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2008:Ali & Haseeb Law Associates,
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34:This article has multiple issues.
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42:or discuss these issues on the
2003:The Law of Divorce in Pakistan
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1:
1915:Engineer, Asghar Ali (1992).
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1917:The Rights of Women in Islam
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1715:Macfarlane, 2012, p. 168-9.
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2001:Kakakhel, Muhibulla Mian.
1961:Amsterdam University Press
1950:Cambridge University Press
1944:Tucker, Judith E. (2008).
1697:Engineer, 1992, p. 137-138
1679:Engineer, 1992, p. 137-138
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1490:Jordan, Morocco, and Syria
1486:husband is not at fault).
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1910:Stanford University Press
1463:Interpretations by region
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16:Islamic divorce procedure
1974:Pakistan Family Law Firm
1747:Tucker 2008, p. 100-101.
1599:"Surah Al-Baqarah - 229"
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817:("spreading corruption")
175:This article or section
2054:Women's rights in Islam
1955:Welchman, Lynn (1998).
1932:Oxford University Press
1822:Nasir 2009, pp. 131–134
1688:Macfarlane,2012, 195-6.
1645:Macfarlane, 2012, p. 34
1571:Nasir, Jamal J (2009).
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1804:Welchman 1998, p. 109.
1778:Yüksel Sezgin (2013).
1756:Welchman, 1998, p. 121
1577:. Brill. p. 129.
1405:Consent of the husband
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2031:Hamada, Suad (2010).
2005:. September 23, 2008.
1623:"Surah An-Nisa - 128"
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255:Islamic jurisprudence
179:synthesis of material
1858:Macfarlane, 175–176.
1724:Tucker 2008, p.97-99
84:improve this article
2059:Islamic terminology
1941:Netherlands: Brill.
1926:Macfarlane, Julie.
1831:Nasir 2009, p. 130.
1706:Nasir, 2009, p. 131
1994:2011-11-17 at the
1921:St. Martin's Press
1813:Nasir 2009, p. 131
908:Gender segregation
471:Islamic leadership
189:to the main topic.
183:verifiably mention
177:possibly contains
1985:Yusuf al-Qaradawi
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77:verification
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36:Please help
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1064:Inheritance
1011:Bayt al-mal
370:Nafl prayer
140:August 2011
2043:Categories
1930:. Oxford:
1878:2019-11-27
1666:2019-11-27
1632:2023-11-15
1608:2023-11-15
1544:References
925:Honorifics
774:(gambling)
202:March 2011
110:newspapers
39:improve it
1627:Quran.com
1603:Quran.com
1243:Istijarah
893:Etiquette
836:(stoning)
764:Blasphemy
479:Caliphate
464:Political
194:talk page
45:talk page
1992:Archived
1989:on Khula
1527:Pakistan
1246:(asylum)
1221:Military
1180:Dhabihah
1137:Tayammum
1039:Murabaha
944:Economic
746:Criminal
685:Abortion
649:Adoption
606:Polygyny
554:Contract
544:Marriage
416:clothing
351:Tahajjud
247:a series
245:Part of
1934:, 2012.
1512:Nigeria
1506:Nigeria
1496:Morocco
1454:Custody
1366:— 4:128
1355:— 2:229
1202:kashrut
1186:Alcohol
1169:Dietary
1158:Istinja
1102:Taharah
1079:Hygiene
1046:Takaful
1021:Banking
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994:Sadaqah
953:History
792:Hirabah
706:Hygiene
640:Kafa'ah
611:Divorce
492:Imamate
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310:Raka'ah
289:Shahada
124:scholar
99:"Khul'"
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422:Mut'ah
324:Turbah
279:Ritual
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1424:talaq
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617:Khula
437:Umrah
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390:Zakat
317:Qibla
298:Salah
131:JSTOR
117:books
1786:ISBN
1579:ISBN
1498:and
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1428:qadi
1399:mahr
1330:mahr
1191:Pork
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560:Mahr
520:Aman
444:Hajj
442:and
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381:Sawm
363:Witr
259:fiqh
103:news
1312:خلع
185:or
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