295:
329:, consider standardized shortcuts essential to the environment's ease of use. In these commercial proprietary systems, the ability to change the default bindings and add custom ones can be limited, possibly even requiring a separate or third-party utility to perform the task, sometimes with workarounds like key remapping. In macOS, user can customize app shortcuts ("Key equivalents") in system settings, and customize text editing shortcuts by creating and editing related configuration files. Other systems, typically
43:
261:(s), then quickly presses and releases the regular (non-modifier) key, and finally releases the modifier key(s). This distinction is important, as trying to press all the keys simultaneously will frequently either miss some of the modifier keys, or cause unwanted auto-repeat. Sequential shortcuts usually involve pressing and releasing a dedicated prefix key, such as the
622:) are not as strictly standardized across applications as on the early Macintosh user interface, where if a program did not include the function normally carried out by one of the standard keystrokes, guidelines stated that it should not redefine the key to do something else as it would potentially confuse users.
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intended to be propped up in the user's workspace also exist for many applications. In the past, when keyboard design was more standardized, it was common for computer books and magazines to print cards that were cut out, intended to be placed over the user's keyboard with the printed shortcuts noted
630:
The simplest keyboard shortcuts consist of only one key. For these, one generally just writes out the name of the key, as in the message "Press F1 for Help". The name of the key is sometimes surrounded in brackets or similar characters. For example: or <F1>. The key name may also be set off
280:
by browsing the program's menus – the shortcut is indicated next to the menu choice. There are keyboards that have the shortcuts for a particular application already marked on them. These keyboards are often used for editing video, audio, or graphics, as well as in software training courses. There
201:
The meaning of term "keyboard shortcut" can vary depending on software manufacturer. In
Windows, hotkeys consists of a specific key combination used to trigger an action (these are usually system-wide shortcuts that are available in all contexts so long as receiving program is active); mnemonics
244:
To differentiate from general keyboard input, most keyboard shortcuts require the user to press and hold several keys simultaneously or a sequence of keys one after the other. Unmodified key presses are sometimes accepted when the keyboard is not used for general input - such as with graphics
316:
it carries the connotation that the shortcuts are customizable to a user's preference and that program functions may be 'bound' to a different set of keystrokes instead of or in addition to the default. This highlights a difference in philosophy regarding shortcuts. Some systems, typically
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If your app does not perform the task associated with a recommended shortcut, think very carefully before you consider overriding it. Remember that although reassigning an unused shortcut might make sense in your app, your users are likely to know and expect the original, established
341:
The motivations for customizing key bindings vary. Users new to a program or software environment may customize the new environment's shortcuts to be similar to another environment with which they are more familiar. More advanced users may customize key bindings to better suit their
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are distinguishable from keyboard shortcuts. One difference between them is that the keyboard shortcuts are not localized on multi-language software but the mnemonics are generally localized to reflect the symbols and letters used in the specific locale. In most
846:
In the
English language a "shortcut" may unintentionally suggest an incomplete or sloppy way of completing something. Consequently, some computer applications designed to be controlled mainly by the keyboard, such as
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909:
333:
and related, consider shortcuts to be a user's prerogative, and that they should be customizable to suit individual preference. In most real-world environments, both philosophies co-exist; a core set of
569:(resembles an arrow pointing downward "into" the document, or a brush used for applying paste, as well as the proofreader's mark for "insert" – and the V key is next to the C key on a QWERTY keyboard)
638:
Many shortcuts require two or more keys to be pressed simultaneously. For these, the usual notation is to list the keys names separated by plus signs or hyphens. For example: "Ctrl+C", "Ctrl-C", or "
688:
key, require keys (or sets of keys) to be pressed individually, in sequence. These shortcuts are sometimes written with the individual keys (or sets) separated by commas or semicolons. The
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140:
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Emacs does not assign meanings to keys directly. Instead, Emacs assigns meanings to named commands, and then gives keys their meanings by binding them to commands.
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that are dedicated for use in shortcuts and may only require a single keypress. For simultaneous keyboard shortcuts, one usually first holds down the
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represent a designated letter in a menu command or toolbar button that when pressed together with the Alt key, activates such command.
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Later environments such as
Microsoft Windows retain some of these bindings, while adding their own from alternate standards like
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shortcuts remain fixed while others, typically involving an otherwise unused modifier key or keys, are under the user's control.
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346:, adding shortcuts for their commonly used actions and possibly deleting or replacing bindings for less-used functions.
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defined a set of keyboard shortcuts that would remain consistent across application programs. This provides a better
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for Emacs is "Escape Meta Alt Ctrl Shift", poking fun at its use of many modifiers and extended shortcut sequences.
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than the then-prevalent situation of applications using the same keys for different functions. This could result in
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or perform a preprogrammed action. This action may be part of the standard functionality of the operating system or
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93:
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on modern keyboards.) Thus, in Emacs parlance, the above shortcuts would be written C-x C-s and C-x C-b. A common
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platforms, the case of the second character is significant – if the character would normally require pressing the
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to type, then the Shift key is part of the shortcut e.g. '^C' vs. '^c' or '^%' vs. '^5'. ^% may also be written "
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237:. Keyboard shortcuts are generally used to expedite common operations by reducing input sequences to a few
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often customize their key bindings in order to increase performance via faster reaction times.
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Series of computer keys to quickly invoke a software program or perform a preprogrammed action
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are also stickers with shortcuts printed on them that can be applied to a regular keyboard.
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text editor uses many such shortcuts, using a designated set of "prefix keys" such as
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Keyboard shortcuts are typically a means for invoking one or more commands using the
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menu with shortcuts, highlighted with green and mnemonics highlighted with yellow.
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The term is generally associated with computer keyboards, but many electronic
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766:. Emacs uses the letter C to denote the Ctrl key, the letter S to denote the
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Some keyboard shortcuts, including all shortcuts involving the
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Visual chart of the default key assignments for the video game
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Technical note: it calls the AppKit method "cancelOperation:"
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304:. These bindings can be reconfigured by editing the relevant
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now contain keyboards with advanced configuration options.
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menus with keyboard shortcuts specified in the right column
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991:. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley. p. 128.
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is a series of one or several keys to quickly invoke a
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67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
221:that would otherwise be accessible only through a
654:is sometimes written as ^C. At times, usually on
353:
1403:
941:Macromedia FreeHand 10 for Windows and Macintosh
537:(resembles the action of striking out a mistake)
825:
1060:
840:
863:"Hardware for Gmail: The 'Gboard' keyboard"
1067:
1053:
618:. The shortcuts on these platforms (or on
860:
851:, use the alternative term "key binding".
523:ain (the G key is next to the F key on a
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
631:using special formatting (bold, italic,
293:
149:
138:
910:"Text System Defaults and Key Bindings"
818:
14:
1404:
265:, followed by one or more keystrokes.
30:For Knowledge keyboard shortcuts, see
1048:
978:
966:"Customizing your keyboard shortcuts"
937:
914:Apple Developer Documentation Archive
388:an item. The standard bindings were:
276:, a program's keyboard shortcuts are
182:, or it may have been written by the
985:Macintosh Human Interface Guidelines
716:. Default Emacs keybindings include
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
916:. September 9, 2013. Archived from
861:Lowensohn, Josh (3 December 2009).
24:
610:signifies a question or confusion)
312:When shortcuts are referred to as
25:
1423:
1074:
1031:"OS X Human Interface Guidelines"
770:, and the letter M to denote the
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41:
1023:
253:. Other keyboard shortcuts use
52:needs additional citations for
1005:
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958:
931:
902:
885:
854:
286:next to the appropriate keys.
212:
13:
1:
241:, hence the term "shortcut".
893:"GNU Emacs Manual: Commands"
251:IBM Lotus Freelance Graphics
32:Knowledge:Keyboard shortcuts
7:
792:Table of keyboard shortcuts
785:
625:
10:
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813:Human interface guidelines
321:-oriented systems such as
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1412:User interface techniques
1347:
1316:
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1217:
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1083:
384:while another used it to
360:User Interface Guidelines
1013:"Definition of QUESTION"
774:(commonly mapped to the
229:, different levels of a
1017:www.merriam-webster.com
762:to view a list of open
358:The original Macintosh
938:Cohen, Sandee (2002).
309:
308:file in a text editor.
235:command-line interface
159:
147:
1355:Power management keys
297:
153:
142:
1357:(Power, Sleep, Wake)
819:Notes and references
370:if one program used
354:"Sacred" keybindings
61:improve this article
1376:Keyboard technology
207:musical instruments
180:application program
76:"Keyboard shortcut"
873:on 16 October 2013
807:Common User Access
739:to save a file or
616:Common User Access
310:
190:. Some integrated
188:scripting language
160:
148:
18:Keyboard shortcuts
1399:
1398:
1381:Keyboard shortcut
1230:Page Up/Page Down
982:(November 1992).
920:on March 10, 2024
802:Accelerator table
168:keyboard shortcut
154:Composite of two
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16:(Redirected from
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1391:Keyboard mapping
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869:. Archived from
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196:pointing devices
176:software program
156:Macintosh Finder
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364:user experience
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348:Hardcore gamers
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247:Adobe Photoshop
227:pointing device
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245:packages e.g.
231:user interface
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290:Customization
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194:also include
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117:December 2010
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78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
1380:
1329:Print Screen
1266:Enter/Return
1034:
1025:
1016:
1007:
984:
974:
960:
940:
933:
922:. Retrieved
918:the original
913:
904:
896:
887:
875:. Retrieved
871:the original
856:
842:
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637:
629:
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278:discoverable
267:
259:modifier key
243:
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171:
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123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
1371:Copilot key
1339:Break/Pause
1194:Scroll Lock
368:user errors
301:Vega Strike
233:, or via a
213:Description
144:Firefox 3.0
1317:Contextual
1225:Arrow keys
924:2024-01-18
797:Access key
239:keystrokes
87:newspapers
1366:Macro key
1298:Space bar
1278:Backspace
1204:Caps Lock
1186:Lock keys
1157:Microsoft
1085:Dead keys
877:7 January
780:backronym
768:Shift key
660:Shift key
590:full stop
527:keyboard)
386:Duplicate
373:⌘ Command
269:Mnemonics
192:keyboards
164:computing
1406:Category
1199:Num Lock
1076:Keyboard
1036:meaning.
867:CNET.com
786:See also
772:Meta key
635:, etc.)
633:all caps
626:Notation
602: :
600:⌘ ?
581:Document
575: :
565: :
553: :
543: :
533: :
507: :
495: :
482: :
470: :
458: :
450:nderline
445: :
437:talicize
432: :
419: :
395: :
380:to mean
344:workflow
319:end-user
219:keyboard
1361:Any key
1259:Editing
1153:Windows
1145:Command
1116:Control
1093:Compose
776:Alt key
764:buffers
327:Windows
263:Esc key
101:scholar
1288:Delete
1283:Insert
1209:F-Lock
1130:Option
995:
948:
652:Ctrl-C
525:QWERTY
484:Select
382:Delete
336:sacred
323:Mac OS
172:hotkey
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
1348:Misc.
1171:Hyper
1161:Super
1149:Apple
1140:AltGr
1134:Apple
1121:Shift
989:(PDF)
980:Apple
849:Emacs
809:(CUA)
690:Emacs
672:Shift
620:macOS
567:Paste
412:indow
186:in a
108:JSTOR
94:books
1250:Menu
1235:Home
1166:Meta
1159:) /
1151:) /
1098:Gold
1078:keys
993:ISBN
946:ISBN
879:2011
753:Ctrl
742:Ctrl
730:Ctrl
719:Ctrl
707:Ctrl
695:Ctrl
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