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Throughout the 1980s, Thompson and
Ritchie continued revising Research Unix, which adopted a BSD codebase for the 8th, 9th, and 10th editions. In the mid-1980s, work began at Bell Labs on a new operating system as a replacement for Unix. Thompson was instrumental in the design and implementation of
558:
I did the first of two or three versions of UNIX all alone. And Dennis became an evangelist. Then there was a rewrite in a higher-level language that would come to be called C. He worked mostly on the language and on the I/O system, and I worked on all the rest of the operating system. That was for
511:(the standard text editor on Unix) contributed greatly to the eventual popularity of regular expressions, and regular expressions became pervasive in Unix text processing programs. Almost all programs that work with regular expressions today use some variant of Thompson's notation. He also invented
553:
later wrote, "The names of
Ritchie and Thompson may safely be assumed to be attached to almost everything not otherwise attributed." In a 2011 interview, Thompson stated that the first versions of Unix were written by him, and that Ritchie began to advocate for the system and helped to develop it:
795:
When the three of us got started, it was pure research. The three of us got together and decided that we hated C++. ... we started off with the idea that all three of us had to be talked into every feature in the language, so there was no extraneous garbage put into the language for any
718:
by writing programs in it, but later refused to work in C++ due to frequent incompatibilities between versions. In a 2009 interview, Thompson expressed a negative view of C++, stating, "It does a lot of things half well and it's just a garbage heap of ideas that are mutually exclusive."
898:
for co-inventing the UNIX operating system and the C programming language which together have "led to enormous advances in computer hardware, software, and networking systems and stimulated growth of an entire industry, thereby enhancing
American leadership in the Information Age".
594:
In early 1976, Thompson wrote the initial version of
Berkeley Pascal at the Computer Science Division, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, UC Berkeley (with extensive modifications and additions following later that year by
2017:
567:
Feedback from
Thompson's Unix development was also instrumental in the development of the C programming language. Thompson would later say that the C language "grew up with one of the rewritings of the system and, as such, it became perfect for
834:"for their development of generic operating systems theory and specifically for the implementation of the UNIX operating system". In his acceptance speech, "Reflections on Trusting Trust", Thompson outlined an attack in the form of a
671:"for their development of generic operating systems theory and specifically for the implementation of the UNIX operating system". His acceptance speech, "Reflections on Trusting Trust", presented the persistent compiler
371:. When asked how he learned to program, Thompson stated, "I was always fascinated with logic and even in grade school I'd work on arithmetic problems in binary, stuff like that. Just because I was fascinated."
2093:
2084:
2015:
699:, a new operating system utilizing principles of Unix, but applying them more broadly to all major system facilities. Some programs that were part of later versions of Research Unix, such as
626:, for all 4, 5, and 6-piece endings, allowing chess-playing computer programs to make "perfect" moves once a position stored in them is reached. Later, with the help of chess endgame expert
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2016:
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work in its own right. In 2023, the backdoor's annotated source code was published online. The end of the acceptance speech consisted of criticism of journalists' positive coverage of
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In 1995, Thompson collaborated on music compression with Sean
Dorward, based on original research work done by Jim Johnston, under the guidance of Joe Hall and Jont Allen.
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suggested the name "Unix", in a pun on the name "Multics". After initial work on Unix, Thompson decided that Unix needed a system programming language and created
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for "designing UNIX, an operating system whose efficiency, breadth, power, and style have guided a generation's exploitation of
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915:"for his role in creating the UNIX operating system, which for decades has been a key platform for distributed systems work".
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operating system. While writing
Multics, Thompson created the Bon programming language. He also created a video game called
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787:, first as a Distinguished Engineer and later as a Google Advisor. Recent work has included the co-design of the
437:. Later, Bell Labs withdrew from the MULTICS project. In order to go on playing the game, Thompson found an old
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Throughout the 1970s, Thompson and
Ritchie collaborated on the Unix operating system; they were so prolific on
500:
754:. Thompson and Ritchie continued their collaboration with Inferno, along with other researchers at Bell Labs.
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Thompson wrote a chess-playing program called "chess" for the first version of Unix (1971). Later, along with
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for "the co-creation of the UNIX operating system, and for development of the C programming language".
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1104:. Multics Documents: MIT Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Lab. p. 1. Archived from
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programming language. Referring to himself along with the other original authors of Go, he states:
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1875:"Bell Labs Luminaries Dennis Ritchie And Ken Thompson To Receive National Medal Of Technology"
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866:(IEEE), "for the origination of the UNIX operating system and the C programming language".
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devoted almost an entire issue to
Thompson's various contributions to computer chess.
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operating system, another research operating system that was based around a portable
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from Bell Labs and went to his alma mater, UC Berkeley. There, he helped to install
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1300:
A Research Unix reader: annotated excerpts from the
Programmer's Manual, 1971–1986
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587:. Unix at Berkeley would later become maintained as its own system, known as the
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for easy inter-process communication, and some small utility programs. In 1970,
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1057:. University of California, Berkeley Department of Mathematics. Archived from
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456:, a team of Bell Labs researchers led by Thompson and Ritchie, and including
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for the pioneering work in the development of the Unix operating system.
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was created from a revision of this article dated 17 June 2006
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encoding, and his work on computer chess that included the creation of
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for most of his career where he designed and implemented the original
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1929:
1735:"Biographies of Amici Curiae in Oracle America, Inc., v. Google, Inc"
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devised in 1948, before any computers existed that could execute it.
769:
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420:
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39:
1606:"Usage Statistics and Market Share of UTF-8 for Websites, June 2019"
618:. He also wrote programs for generating the complete enumeration of
16:
American computer scientist, co-creator of the Unix operating system
4106:
2908:
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732:
688:
596:
890:
On April 27, 1999, Thompson and Ritchie jointly received the 1998
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100:
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2250:
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1970:
875:
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923:
In 2011, Thompson, along with Dennis Ritchie, was awarded the
445:
on it. Eventually, the tools developed by Thompson became the
2266:
1893:"Ken Thompson Receives Kanai Award for Impact of UNIX System"
728:
711:
679:
or trusting trust attack, and is widely considered a seminal
619:
453:
438:
381:
340:
125:
4456:
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
4061:
2212:
2155:
2072:
1819:
976:
535:
446:
385:
301:
140:
105:
3710:
312:, and was one of the creators and early developers of the
4376:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
1867:
743:, accounting for more than 90% of all web pages in 2019.
1962:
Coders at Work – Reflections on the Craft of Programming
1306:(Technical report). CSTR. Bell Labs. 139. Archived from
1188:"Space Travel: Exploring the solar system and the PDP-7"
869:
858:
In 1990, both Thompson and Dennis Ritchie received the
1561:"Running the "Reflections on Trusting Trust" Compiler"
1567:
1431:"Computing from the Dark Ages: My Fifty-Year Odyssey"
316:
operating system. Since 2006, Thompson has worked at
1269:"Regular Expression Matching Can Be Simple And Fast"
1031:
874:
In 1997, both Thompson and Ritchie were inducted as
830:In 1983, Thompson and Ritchie jointly received the
667:In 1983, Thompson and Ritchie jointly received the
1155:
292:(born February 4, 1943) is an American pioneer of
2307:
1762:. National Academy of Engineering. Archived from
909:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
864:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
610:, Thompson created the hardware-assisted program
423:in 1966. In the 1960s at Bell Labs, Thompson and
327:Other notable contributions included his work on
4367:
2588:
2102:Reading Chess paper by HS Baird and Ken Thompson
1324:
1322:
1320:
1162:. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 460.
853:
765:In late 2000, Thompson retired from Bell Labs.
2070:Unix and Beyond: An Interview with Ken Thompson
1219:"The Evolution of the Unix Time-sharing System"
885:
1912:"Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie win Japan Prize"
1460:
925:Japan Prize for Information and Communications
768:In 2004, he assisted in the implementation of
4047:
3726:
3118:
2574:
2293:
2126:
1317:
1243:
519:in order to make expression matching faster.
515:used for converting regular expressions into
1456:
1454:
1452:
630:, Thompson distributed his first results on
401:electrical engineering and computer sciences
1909:
1877:. ScienceDaily. Dec 8, 1998. Archived from
1073:"Ken Thompson: developed UNIX at Bell Labs"
1003:
1001:
846:attack, and is widely considered a seminal
362:
4054:
4040:
3733:
3719:
3132:
3125:
3111:
2581:
2567:
2300:
2286:
2133:
2119:
1813:"IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal Recipients"
1698:Ken Thompson - Closing Keynote - SCaLE 20x
820:Member of the National Academy of Sciences
495:In the 1960s, Thompson also began work on
183:Member of the National Academy of Sciences
38:
4431:UC Berkeley College of Engineering alumni
1895:. Bell Labs. Mar 25, 1999. Archived from
1851:. Computer History Museum. Archived from
1796:
1720:"Reconstructing Turing's "Paper Machine""
1543:
1449:
1330:"Dr. Dobb's: Interview with Ken Thompson"
1210:
21:For other people named Ken Thompson, see
2043:, and does not reflect subsequent edits.
2026:
1776:
1523:
1494:
1348:
1092:
998:
970:"IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award Recipients"
647:
541:simulator, with "/usr/ken" still present
526:
407:, where his master's thesis advisor was
373:
4426:National Medal of Technology recipients
1293:
1182:
935:Ken Thompson is married and has a son.
599:, Charles B. Haley and faculty advisor
304:operating system. He also invented the
4368:
3960:General Comprehensive Operating System
1958:
1573:
1287:
1037:
902:
735:. UTF-8 has since become the dominant
710:Thompson tested early versions of the
707:, were also incorporated into Plan 9.
414:
4035:
3714:
3106:
2562:
2281:
2114:
2080:The Linux Information Project (LINFO)
1885:
1634:
1354:
870:Fellow of the Computer History Museum
810:In 1980, Thompson was elected to the
805:
355:in 1983 with his long-term colleague
3975:Multiple Console Time Sharing System
2094:Video of Interview with Ken Thompson
1930:"Ken Thompson: A Brief Introduction"
1585:
911:chose Thompson to receive the first
779:He worked at Entrisphere, Inc. as a
1910:Evangelista, Benny (Jan 25, 2011).
1558:
1382:"Setting Up Unix – Seventh Edition"
1364:The Daemon, the Gnu and the Penguin
1246:"The Development of the C Language"
1216:
1132:"The Development of the C Language"
1129:
783:until 2006. As of 2024 he works at
13:
2078:Ken Thompson: A Brief Introduction
2013:
1732:
1637:"Ken Thompson UNIX systems father"
405:University of California, Berkeley
87:University of California, Berkeley
14:
4482:
4416:Inferno (operating system) people
4078:Cathode-ray tube amusement device
1994:
1661:
1198:from the original on Dec 26, 2015
1176:
838:that has been referred to as the
513:Thompson's construction algorithm
4018:
4017:
3784:
2140:
2025:
930:
746:In the 1990s, work began on the
727:In 1992, Thompson developed the
517:nondeterministic finite automata
331:and early computer text editors
308:, the direct predecessor to the
4461:20th-century American inventors
3552:/ John Frederick Grassle (2013)
1922:
1903:
1841:
1805:
1779:"Reflections on trusting trust"
1770:
1752:
1726:
1712:
1689:
1655:
1628:
1598:
1579:
1552:
1526:"Reflections on trusting trust"
1517:
1423:
1398:
1374:
1266:
1260:
1248:. Bell Labs/Lucent Technologies
1237:
825:
812:National Academy of Engineering
4436:Programming language designers
4006:Compatible Time-Sharing System
1332:. May 18, 2011. Archived from
1149:
1123:
1086:
1065:
1043:
962:
918:
731:encoding scheme together with
589:Berkeley Software Distribution
384:, as used for initial work on
1:
4386:American computer programmers
3937:Multics Relational Data Store
3262:Ernest John Christopher Polge
2309:IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal
2106:optical character recognition
2092:Computer Chess Comes of Age:
2083:Computer Chess Comes of Age:
2060:Reflections on Trusting Trust
1934:The Linux Information Project
1360:"Chapter 7. BSD and the CSRG"
955:
860:IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal
854:IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal
499:. Thompson had developed the
191:IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal
23:Ken Thompson (disambiguation)
4381:American computer scientists
4063:Early history of video games
892:National Medal of Technology
886:National Medal of Technology
818:". In 1985 he was elected a
320:, where he co-developed the
207:National Medal of Technology
7:
4391:American technology writers
3740:
1916:The San Francisco Chronicle
1156:J. Stanley Warford (2009).
1055:Elwyn Berlekamp's Home Page
938:
488:, a precursor to Ritchie's
167:IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award
10:
4487:
4071:Analog and lightbulb games
1586:Pike, Rob (Apr 30, 2003).
1559:Cox, Russ (Oct 25, 2023).
136:Inferno (operating system)
20:
4282:
4255:
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4125:
4070:
4015:
3993:
3945:
3909:
3793:
3782:
3748:
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3492:
3357:
3278:William Hayward Pickering
3222:
3153:Ephraim Katchalski-Katzir
3141:
3061:
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2871:
2792:
2713:
2634:
2599:
2408:
2315:
2259:
2238:
2195:
2174:
2148:
1784:Communications of the ACM
1639:. Unixmen. Archived from
1531:Communications of the ACM
1501:"Joe Condon (obituary)".
800:
714:programming language for
575:In 1975, Thompson took a
283:
259:
249:
242:
159:
93:
82:
49:
37:
30:
1093:Thompson, K. L. (1969).
760:
722:
675:attack now known as the
643:
522:
474:command-line interpreter
462:hierarchical file system
363:Early life and education
339:, the definition of the
116:C (programming language)
111:B (programming language)
89:(B.S., 1965; M.S., 1966)
4466:People from New Orleans
4421:Scientists at Bell Labs
4330:Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr.
3419:/ Keith J. Sainsbury /
2375:Mark Semenovich Pinsker
2239:Associated institutions
2097:Computer History Museum
2088:Computer History Museum
1102:Multics History Project
880:Computer History Museum
850:work in its own right.
4396:Turing Award laureates
4305:John Makepeace Bennett
3590:Emmanuelle Charpentier
3209:Frank Sherwood Rowland
2613:Maurice Vincent Wilkes
2021:
2001:Listen to this article
1959:Seibel, Peter (2009).
1777:Thompson, Ken (1984).
1733:School, Stanford Law.
1524:Thompson, Ken (1984).
798:
739:encoding form for the
664:
565:
542:
503:version of the editor
419:Thompson was hired by
388:
369:New Orleans, Louisiana
347:and the chess machine
306:B programming language
199:Computer Pioneer Award
4180:Early mainframe games
2175:Programming languages
2161:Plan 9 from Bell Labs
2073:IEEE Computer Society
2020:
1798:10.1145/358198.358210
1545:10.1145/358198.358210
1466:"Ken, Unix and Games"
793:
697:Plan 9 from Bell Labs
659:text editor, and the
653:Plan 9 from Bell Labs
651:
556:
530:
377:
367:Thompson was born in
296:. Thompson worked at
290:Kenneth Lane Thompson
131:Plan 9 from Bell Labs
121:Belle (chess machine)
54:Kenneth Lane Thompson
4127:Early Chess programs
3861:Michael A. Padlipsky
3695:John Michael Wallace
2509:Thomas Richardson /
2450:Vladimir Levenshtein
2363:Gottfried Ungerboeck
2052:More spoken articles
441:machine and rewrote
391:Thompson received a
4335:William Higinbotham
3901:Victor A. Vyssotsky
3806:Fernando J. CorbatĂł
3679:/ Kazuo Hagimoto /
3518:Tadamitsu Kishimoto
3248:Jacques-Louis Lions
3002:Michael Stonebraker
2800:Fernando J. CorbatĂł
2416:Alexander G. Fraser
1739:Stanford Law School
1478:(2). Archived from
1244:Dennis M. Ritchie.
1217:Ritchie, Dennis M.
1095:"Bon User's Manual"
913:Tsutomu Kanai Award
903:Tsutomu Kanai Award
614:, a world champion
497:regular expressions
415:Career and research
393:Bachelor of Science
329:regular expressions
223:Harold Pender Award
215:Tsutomu Kanai Award
4471:Kernel programmers
4315:David Champernowne
4256:First arcade games
3657:Robert A. Weinberg
3639:Robert G. Gallager
3584:Steven D. Tanksley
3570:Theodore Friedmann
3473:Victor A. McKusick
3431:Masatoshi Takeichi
3379:Timothy R. Parsons
3375:John B. Goodenough
3369:Kimishige Ishizaka
3344:Jack L. Strominger
3340:W. Wesley Peterson
3320:Hiroyuki Yoshikawa
3316:Joseph Engelberger
3292:Edward F. Knipling
2957:Charles P. Thacker
2822:Richard E. Stearns
2704:Kenneth E. Iverson
2654:Edsger W. Dijkstra
2642:James H. Wilkinson
2590:A. M. Turing Award
2022:
1760:"Dr. Ken Thompson"
1184:Ritchie, Dennis M.
1009:"Kenneth Thompson"
806:National Academies
772:, a chess program
665:
624:endgame tablebases
622:endings, known as
543:
466:computer processes
464:, the concepts of
389:
345:endgame tablebases
4363:
4362:
4213:The Sumerian Game
4029:
4028:
3881:Michael Schroeder
3836:Bernard Greenberg
3708:
3707:
3677:Masataka Nakazawa
3671:Christopher Field
3556:Yasuharu Suematsu
3500:Shun-ichi Iwasaki
3459:Peter Shaw Ashton
3399:Benoit Mandelbrot
3393:Andrzej Tarkowski
3213:Elias James Corey
3100:
3099:
2974:Leslie G. Valiant
2850:Douglas Engelbart
2828:Edward Feigenbaum
2556:
2555:
2504:Robert Calderbank
2399:Solomon W. Golomb
2275:
2274:
2149:Operating systems
2018:
1987:978-1-4302-1949-1
1979:978-1-4302-1948-4
1664:"Music on Demand"
1635:Khamlichi, M.el.
1511:10.1063/PT.4.1752
1169:978-1-4496-6043-7
1130:Ritchie, Dennis.
1051:"Thesis Students"
1013:www.nasonline.org
848:computer security
836:compiler backdoor
716:Bjarne Stroustrup
681:computer security
399:in 1966, both in
287:
286:
244:Scientific career
235:
227:
219:
211:
203:
187:
179:
171:
146:Endgame tablebase
4478:
4441:Google employees
4144:Los Alamos Chess
4085:Bertie the Brain
4056:
4049:
4042:
4033:
4032:
4021:
4020:
3876:Glenda Schroeder
3851:Peter G. Neumann
3831:Robert M. Graham
3816:Peter J. Denning
3788:
3766:General Electric
3735:
3728:
3721:
3712:
3711:
3546:C. Grant Willson
3334:Marc Van Montagu
3308:Takashi Sugimura
3242:Xavier Le Pichon
3187:Donald Henderson
3183:Georges Vendryes
3127:
3120:
3113:
3104:
3103:
3024:John L. Hennessy
3012:Whitfield Diffie
2986:Shafi Goldwasser
2941:E. Allen Emerson
2937:Edmund M. Clarke
2682:Michael O. Rabin
2676:Herbert A. Simon
2583:
2576:
2569:
2560:
2559:
2498:Amin Shokrollahi
2474:Whitfield Diffie
2393:David A. Huffman
2302:
2295:
2288:
2279:
2278:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2112:
2111:
2042:
2040:
2029:
2028:
2019:
2009:
2007:
2002:
1990:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1899:on Mar 26, 2013.
1889:
1883:
1882:
1881:on Oct 21, 2021.
1871:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1828:
1822:. Archived from
1817:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1766:on Oct 21, 2021.
1756:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1662:Platt, Charles.
1659:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1612:. Archived from
1602:
1596:
1595:
1594:on Oct 21, 2021.
1590:. Archived from
1583:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1458:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1386:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1326:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1305:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1271:. Archived from
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1221:. Archived from
1214:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1159:Computer Systems
1153:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1110:
1099:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1061:on Oct 21, 2021.
1047:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1015:. Archived from
1005:
996:
995:
993:
991:
985:
979:. Archived from
974:
966:
450:operating system
294:computer science
271:Entrisphere, Inc
254:Computer science
233:
225:
217:
209:
201:
195:
185:
177:
169:
67:
64:February 4, 1943
63:
61:
42:
28:
27:
4486:
4485:
4481:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4476:
4475:
4366:
4365:
4364:
4359:
4278:
4251:
4174:
4121:
4066:
4060:
4030:
4025:
4011:
3989:
3947:
3941:
3905:
3841:Douglas McIlroy
3789:
3780:
3744:
3739:
3709:
3704:
3699:Ronald M. Evans
3685:Karl Deisseroth
3681:Gero Miesenböck
3653:Bert Vogelstein
3649:Martin A. Green
3627:
3608:Max Dale Cooper
3594:Jennifer Doudna
3566:Yutaka Takahasi
3488:
3435:Erkki Ruoslahti
3417:Akira Fujishima
3385:Tim Berners-Lee
3353:
3348:Don Craig Wiley
3234:W. Jason Morgan
3218:
3177:Theodore Maiman
3163:Willem J. Kolff
3137:
3131:
3101:
3096:
3085:Robert Metcalfe
3057:
3038:Geoffrey Hinton
3028:David Patterson
3018:Tim Berners-Lee
2962:
2903:Leonard Adleman
2889:Kristen Nygaard
2867:
2818:Juris Hartmanis
2788:
2777:Ivan Sutherland
2709:
2698:Robert W. Floyd
2660:Charles Bachman
2630:
2619:Richard Hamming
2595:
2587:
2557:
2552:
2511:RĂĽdiger Urbanke
2468:Peter Franaszek
2404:
2381:Thomas M. Cover
2345:Elwyn Berlekamp
2323:Richard Hamming
2311:
2306:
2276:
2271:
2255:
2234:
2191:
2170:
2144:
2139:
2056:
2055:
2044:
2038:
2036:
2033:This audio file
2030:
2023:
2014:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1950:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1908:
1904:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1858:
1856:
1855:on Oct 21, 2021
1847:
1846:
1842:
1832:
1830:
1829:on Jul 26, 2011
1826:
1815:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1775:
1771:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1743:
1741:
1731:
1727:
1722:. Sep 23, 2017.
1718:
1717:
1713:
1704:
1702:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1680:
1678:
1660:
1656:
1646:
1644:
1643:on Oct 21, 2021
1633:
1629:
1619:
1617:
1616:on Oct 21, 2021
1604:
1603:
1599:
1588:"UTF-8 history"
1584:
1580:
1572:
1568:
1557:
1553:
1522:
1518:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1483:
1482:on Oct 21, 2021
1459:
1450:
1440:
1438:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1414:
1412:
1410:www.landley.net
1404:
1403:
1399:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1356:Salus, Peter H.
1353:
1349:
1339:
1337:
1336:on Oct 21, 2021
1328:
1327:
1318:
1313:on May 4, 2014.
1310:
1303:
1292:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1275:on Oct 21, 2021
1265:
1261:
1251:
1249:
1242:
1238:
1228:
1226:
1225:on Oct 21, 2021
1215:
1211:
1201:
1199:
1181:
1177:
1170:
1154:
1150:
1140:
1138:
1128:
1124:
1114:
1112:
1111:on Feb 14, 2021
1108:
1097:
1091:
1087:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1036:
1032:
1022:
1020:
1019:on Oct 21, 2021
1007:
1006:
999:
989:
987:
986:on Nov 24, 2010
983:
972:
968:
967:
963:
958:
945:Brian Kernighan
941:
933:
921:
905:
894:from President
888:
872:
856:
828:
808:
803:
763:
752:virtual machine
725:
646:
634:. In 2001, the
570:writing systems
534:running on the
525:
482:Brian Kernighan
452:: Working on a
417:
409:Elwyn Berlekamp
397:master's degree
365:
279:
238:
193:
155:
83:Alma mater
78:
68:
65:
59:
57:
56:
55:
45:
33:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4484:
4474:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4401:Multics people
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4310:Nolan Bushnell
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4286:
4284:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4276:
4268:
4264:Computer Space
4259:
4257:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4249:
4241:
4233:
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4217:
4209:
4201:
4193:
4184:
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4176:
4175:
4173:
4172:
4164:
4156:
4148:
4140:
4131:
4129:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4119:
4115:Tennis for Two
4111:
4103:
4095:
4089:
4081:
4074:
4072:
4068:
4067:
4059:
4058:
4051:
4044:
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4009:
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3991:
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3934:
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3907:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3866:Dennis Ritchie
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3826:Stuart Feldman
3823:
3818:
3813:
3811:Monte Davidoff
3808:
3803:
3801:David D. Clark
3797:
3795:
3791:
3790:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3752:
3750:
3746:
3745:
3738:
3737:
3730:
3723:
3715:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3688:
3674:
3663:Katalin KarikĂł
3660:
3646:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3625:
3618:Yoshio Okamoto
3615:
3612:Jacques Miller
3601:
3587:
3577:
3563:
3560:C. David Allis
3553:
3543:
3536:Nicholas Lydon
3525:
3514:Dennis Ritchie
3507:
3504:Peter Vitousek
3496:
3494:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3479:Dennis Meadows
3476:
3469:Robert E. Kahn
3462:
3455:Peter GrĂĽnberg
3448:
3438:
3424:
3421:John H. Lawton
3410:
3403:James A. Yorke
3396:
3382:
3372:
3361:
3359:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3337:
3323:
3305:
3298:Charles K. Kao
3295:
3285:
3282:Arvid Carlsson
3275:
3272:Kary B. Mullis
3265:
3255:
3245:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3206:
3199:Luc Montagnier
3180:
3169:Henry Beachell
3166:
3159:David Turnbull
3156:
3149:John R. Pierce
3145:
3143:
3139:
3138:
3130:
3129:
3122:
3115:
3107:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3088:
3082:
3076:
3073:Jeffrey Ullman
3065:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3045:
3031:
3021:
3015:
3008:Martin Hellman
3005:
2999:
2996:Leslie Lamport
2993:
2983:
2977:
2970:
2968:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2954:
2951:Barbara Liskov
2948:
2945:Joseph Sifakis
2934:
2928:
2922:
2912:
2906:
2892:
2885:Ole-Johan Dahl
2882:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2835:
2825:
2815:
2812:Butler Lampson
2809:
2803:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2780:
2774:
2768:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2743:Dennis Ritchie
2736:
2730:
2724:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2679:
2669:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2645:
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2636:
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2631:
2629:
2628:
2622:
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2603:
2601:
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2596:
2586:
2585:
2578:
2571:
2563:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2550:
2544:
2538:
2532:
2526:
2523:Abbas El Gamal
2520:
2514:
2507:
2501:
2491:
2485:
2478:Martin Hellman
2471:
2465:
2459:
2456:Abraham Lempel
2453:
2447:
2441:
2435:
2432:Alain Glavieux
2425:
2419:
2412:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2396:
2390:
2387:David D. Clark
2384:
2378:
2372:
2366:
2360:
2357:Jorma Rissanen
2354:
2351:Lotfi A. Zadeh
2348:
2342:
2335:Dennis Ritchie
2332:
2329:Irving S. Reed
2326:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2312:
2305:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2282:
2273:
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2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2230:Thompson shell
2227:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2178:
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2108:
2099:
2090:
2081:
2075:
2067:
2045:
2031:
2024:
2012:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1995:External links
1993:
1992:
1991:
1948:
1947:
1936:. Aug 24, 2007
1921:
1902:
1884:
1866:
1849:"Ken Thompson"
1840:
1804:
1791:(8): 761–763.
1769:
1751:
1725:
1711:
1701:, Mar 13, 2023
1688:
1654:
1627:
1597:
1578:
1576:, p. 475.
1566:
1551:
1538:(8): 761–763.
1516:
1493:
1462:Dennis Ritchie
1448:
1437:. Apr 25, 2019
1422:
1397:
1373:
1347:
1316:
1295:McIlroy, M. D.
1286:
1259:
1236:
1209:
1175:
1168:
1148:
1122:
1085:
1064:
1042:
1040:, p. 450.
1030:
997:
960:
959:
957:
954:
953:
952:
950:Dennis Ritchie
947:
940:
937:
932:
929:
920:
917:
904:
901:
887:
884:
871:
868:
855:
852:
844:trusting trust
827:
824:
807:
804:
802:
799:
762:
759:
741:World Wide Web
724:
721:
655:, running the
645:
642:
616:chess computer
581:Version 6 Unix
532:Version 6 Unix
524:
521:
460:, developed a
427:worked on the
425:Dennis Ritchie
416:
413:
395:in 1965 and a
364:
361:
357:Dennis Ritchie
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97:
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94:Known for
91:
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79:
69:
53:
51:
47:
46:
44:Thompson, 2019
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4483:
4472:
4469:
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4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4451:Living people
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4411:Plan 9 people
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4345:Steve Russell
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
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4326:
4325:Sandy Douglas
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4321:
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4206:
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4199:
4198:
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4008:(predecessor)
4007:
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3932:Multics Emacs
3930:
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3915:
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3912:
3908:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3896:Tom Van Vleck
3894:
3892:
3889:
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3886:Richard Soley
3884:
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3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3871:Jerry Saltzer
3869:
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3846:Robert Morris
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3696:
3692:
3691:Brian Hoskins
3689:
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3668:
3667:Drew Weissman
3664:
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3609:
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3604:Akira Yoshino
3602:
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3575:
3574:Alain Fischer
3571:
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3547:
3544:
3541:
3540:Masato Sagawa
3537:
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3529:
3526:
3523:
3522:Toshio Hirano
3519:
3515:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3491:
3484:
3483:David E. Kuhl
3480:
3477:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3463:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3442:
3441:John Houghton
3439:
3436:
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3428:
3425:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3413:Kenichi Honda
3411:
3408:
3404:
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3397:
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3327:
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3321:
3317:
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3309:
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3303:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3289:
3288:Nick Holonyak
3286:
3283:
3279:
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3273:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3230:Marvin Minsky
3228:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3192:
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3128:
3123:
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3116:
3114:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3092:
3091:Avi Wigderson
3089:
3086:
3083:
3080:
3079:Jack Dongarra
3077:
3074:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3053:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3034:Yoshua Bengio
3032:
3029:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2990:Silvio Micali
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
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2972:
2971:
2969:
2965:
2958:
2955:
2952:
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2935:
2932:
2931:Frances Allen
2929:
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2798:
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2791:
2784:
2783:William Kahan
2781:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2765:Robert Tarjan
2762:
2761:John Hopcroft
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2749:Niklaus Wirth
2747:
2744:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2727:Edgar F. Codd
2725:
2722:
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2705:
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2699:
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2667:
2664:
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2658:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2648:John McCarthy
2646:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2626:
2625:Marvin Minsky
2623:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2591:
2584:
2579:
2577:
2572:
2570:
2565:
2564:
2561:
2548:
2547:Cynthia Dwork
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2529:Shlomo Shamai
2527:
2524:
2521:
2518:
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2508:
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2499:
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2460:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2429:
2428:Claude Berrou
2426:
2423:
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2400:
2397:
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2327:
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2241:
2237:
2231:
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2226:
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2221:
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2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2136:
2131:
2129:
2124:
2122:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2034:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1969:). New York:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1917:
1913:
1906:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1880:
1876:
1870:
1854:
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1814:
1808:
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1575:
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1562:
1555:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1520:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1503:Physics Today
1497:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1463:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1436:
1432:
1426:
1411:
1407:
1401:
1383:
1377:
1369:
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1351:
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1301:
1296:
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1274:
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1263:
1247:
1240:
1224:
1220:
1213:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1171:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1152:
1137:
1133:
1126:
1107:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1074:
1068:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1039:
1034:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1004:
1002:
982:
978:
971:
965:
961:
951:
948:
946:
943:
942:
936:
931:Personal life
928:
926:
916:
914:
910:
907:In 1999, the
900:
897:
893:
883:
881:
877:
867:
865:
861:
851:
849:
845:
841:
840:Thompson hack
837:
833:
823:
821:
817:
816:minicomputers
813:
797:
792:
790:
786:
782:
777:
775:
771:
766:
758:
755:
753:
749:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
720:
717:
713:
708:
706:
702:
698:
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
677:Thompson hack
674:
670:
662:
658:
654:
650:
641:
639:
638:
633:
629:
628:John Roycroft
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
608:Joseph Condon
604:
602:
598:
592:
590:
586:
582:
578:
573:
571:
564:
562:
555:
552:
548:
547:Research Unix
540:
537:
533:
529:
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
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455:
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448:
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440:
436:
435:
430:
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422:
412:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
387:
383:
380:
376:
372:
370:
360:
358:
354:
351:. He won the
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
282:
276:
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264:
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232:
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208:
205:
200:
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176:
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119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
102:
99:
98:
96:
92:
88:
85:
81:
76:
72:
66:(age 81)
52:
48:
41:
36:
29:
24:
19:
4350:Ken Thompson
4349:
4270:
4262:
4243:
4237:Lunar Lander
4235:
4229:Space Travel
4227:
4219:
4211:
4203:
4195:
4187:
4166:
4158:
4150:
4142:
4134:
4113:
4105:
4097:
4083:
3946:Multics-like
3917:Space Travel
3891:Ken Thompson
3890:
3643:Svante Pääbo
3580:Hideo Hosono
3550:Jean Fréchet
3532:Brian Druker
3528:Janet Rowley
3510:Ken Thompson
3509:
3427:Makoto Nagao
3389:Anne McLaren
3330:Jozef Schell
3258:Gerhard Ertl
3252:John J. Wild
3238:Dan McKenzie
3203:Robert Gallo
3195:Frank Fenner
3173:Gurdev Khush
3052:Pat Hanrahan
2806:Robin Milner
2755:Richard Karp
2739:Ken Thompson
2738:
2733:Stephen Cook
2672:Allen Newell
2666:Donald Knuth
2535:Erdal Arıkan
2517:Imre Csiszár
2494:Michael Luby
2482:Ralph Merkle
2462:Sergio VerdĂş
2438:Jack K. Wolf
2409:2001–present
2339:Ken Thompson
2338:
2224:Space Travel
2222:
2142:Ken Thompson
2141:
2064:Turing Award
1989:(electronic)
1960:
1952:
1951:
1938:. Retrieved
1933:
1924:
1915:
1905:
1897:the original
1887:
1879:the original
1869:
1857:. Retrieved
1853:the original
1843:
1831:. Retrieved
1824:the original
1807:
1788:
1782:
1772:
1764:the original
1754:
1742:. Retrieved
1738:
1728:
1714:
1703:, retrieved
1697:
1691:
1679:. Retrieved
1667:
1657:
1645:. Retrieved
1641:the original
1630:
1618:. Retrieved
1614:the original
1609:
1600:
1592:the original
1581:
1569:
1554:
1535:
1529:
1519:
1502:
1496:
1484:. Retrieved
1480:the original
1475:
1471:ICGA Journal
1469:
1464:(Jun 2001).
1439:. Retrieved
1434:
1425:
1413:. Retrieved
1409:
1400:
1388:. Retrieved
1376:
1363:
1350:
1338:. Retrieved
1334:the original
1308:the original
1299:
1289:
1277:. Retrieved
1273:the original
1262:
1250:. Retrieved
1239:
1227:. Retrieved
1223:the original
1212:
1200:. Retrieved
1178:
1158:
1151:
1139:. Retrieved
1125:
1113:. Retrieved
1106:the original
1101:
1088:
1076:. Retrieved
1067:
1059:the original
1054:
1045:
1033:
1021:. Retrieved
1017:the original
1012:
988:. Retrieved
981:the original
964:
934:
922:
906:
896:Bill Clinton
889:
873:
857:
843:
839:
832:Turing Award
829:
826:Turing Award
809:
794:
778:
767:
764:
756:
745:
726:
709:
693:
676:
669:Turing Award
666:
637:ICGA Journal
635:
605:
601:Susan Graham
593:
574:
566:
557:
551:Doug McIlroy
544:
494:
470:device files
458:Rudd Canaday
443:Space Travel
442:
434:Space Travel
432:
418:
390:
366:
353:Turing Award
326:
289:
288:
260:Institutions
243:
175:Turing Award
32:Ken Thompson
18:
4446:1943 births
4406:Unix people
4355:Alan Turing
4340:Josef Kates
4290:Mabel Addis
4272:Galaxy Game
4065:(1947-1971)
4001:Project MAC
3985:Stratus VOS
3856:Joe Ossanna
3821:Jack Dennis
3776:Groupe Bull
3451:Albert Fert
3407:Seiji Ogawa
3268:Frank Press
3134:Japan Prize
2980:Judea Pearl
2862:Fred Brooks
2844:Amir Pnueli
2838:Manuel Blum
2692:John Backus
2607:Alan Perlis
2488:Toby Berger
2444:Neil Sloane
2422:Peter Elias
1610:w3techs.com
1574:Seibel 2009
1267:Cox, Russ.
1038:Seibel 2009
919:Japan Prize
774:Alan Turing
597:William Joy
403:, from the
322:Go language
231:Japan Prize
71:New Orleans
4370:Categories
4320:Ted Dabney
4300:Ralph Baer
4099:Carmonette
3622:Rattan Lal
3598:Adi Shamir
3445:Akira Endo
3365:Ian McHarg
3312:Bruce Ames
3191:Isao Arita
3136:recipients
3069:Alfred Aho
3048:Ed Catmull
3042:Yann LeCun
2925:Peter Naur
2899:Adi Shamir
2895:Ron Rivest
2879:Andrew Yao
2771:John Cocke
2721:Tony Hoare
2686:Dana Scott
2048:Audio help
2039:2006-06-17
1406:"BYTE.com"
956:References
687:, such as
577:sabbatical
310:C language
60:1943-02-04
4295:David Ahl
4245:Star Trek
4205:Marienbad
4197:Spacewar!
4136:Turochamp
3955:Domain/OS
3771:Honeywell
3761:Bell Labs
3749:Developer
3465:Vint Cerf
3326:Leo Esaki
3302:Masao Ito
2915:Vint Cerf
2832:Raj Reddy
2593:laureates
2541:David Tse
2369:Jacob Ziv
2316:1988–2000
2246:Bell Labs
1676:1059-1028
1192:Bell Labs
1136:Bell Labs
862:from the
770:Turochamp
585:PDP-11/70
421:Bell Labs
298:Bell Labs
267:Bell Labs
75:Louisiana
4221:Hamurabi
4107:Hutspiel
4023:Category
3910:Software
2919:Bob Kahn
2909:Alan Kay
2856:Jim Gray
2196:Software
2050: ·
1505:. 2013.
1358:(2005).
1297:(1987).
1196:Archived
1186:(2001).
939:See also
733:Rob Pike
689:the 414s
673:backdoor
3994:Related
3970:ICL VME
3948:systems
3927:Macsyma
3922:Maclisp
3742:Multics
2166:Inferno
2066:Lecture
2037: (
2008:minutes
1981:(pbk.)
1953:Sources
1859:Oct 29,
1833:May 29,
1744:Jul 27,
1647:Oct 31,
1368:Groklaw
1340:Nov 10,
1279:Oct 30,
1252:Oct 31,
1229:Oct 31,
1141:Oct 31,
1115:Mar 18,
1078:Oct 31,
990:Mar 20,
878:of the
876:Fellows
842:or the
796:reason.
748:Inferno
737:Unicode
685:hackers
591:(BSD).
429:Multics
101:Multics
4283:People
4275:(1971)
4267:(1971)
4248:(1971)
4240:(1969)
4232:(1969)
4224:(1968)
4216:(1964)
4208:(1962)
4200:(1962)
4192:(1952)
4171:(1970)
4163:(1968)
4155:(1967)
4152:Kaissa
4147:(1956)
4139:(1948)
4118:(1958)
4110:(1955)
4102:(1953)
4094:(1951)
4092:Nimrod
4088:(1950)
4080:(1947)
3980:PRIMOS
3965:GEORGE
3794:People
3701:(2024)
3687:(2023)
3673:(2022)
3659:(2021)
3645:(2020)
3624:(2019)
3614:(2018)
3600:(2017)
3586:(2016)
3576:(2015)
3562:(2014)
3542:(2012)
3524:(2011)
3506:(2010)
3485:(2009)
3475:(2008)
3461:(2007)
3447:(2006)
3437:(2005)
3423:(2004)
3409:(2003)
3395:(2002)
3381:(2001)
3371:(2000)
3350:(1999)
3336:(1998)
3322:(1997)
3304:(1996)
3294:(1995)
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