22:
464:
197:
226:
as his representative in the trust of three guardians: Hosokawa
Kiyouji, Uesugi Noriaki, and Shiba Ienaga. Because the three were related to him through blood or marriage, he believed they would keep Kantō loyal to him. This action formally divided the country in two, giving the east and the west
346:
This inherently unstable double-headed power structure was made even more problematic by the continuous display of independence of the Kantō region. Kamakura had just been conquered and its desire of independence was still strong. Also, many of the
Ashikaga in Kamakura had been supporters of the
151:, precisely because the latter understood the importance of controlling the Kantō region and wanted to have an Ashikaga ruler there, but the administration in Kamakura was from the beginning characterized by its rebelliousness. The shōgun's idea never really worked and actually backfired.
529:
made this place his residence. His descendants also resided here for well over 200 years thereafter. After
Ashikaga Takauji became shōgun and moved to Kyoto, his son and second shōgun Yoshiakira decided to also live there. Yoshiakira's younger brother Motouji then became
227:
separate administrations with similar rights to power. Not only did both had
Ashikaga rulers, but Kamakura, which until very recently had been the seat of a shogunate, was still capital of the Kantō, and independentist feelings were strong among Kamakura samurai.
398:
and sent to
Kamakura. The relationship between him and the Uesugi was strained from the beginning and culminated with Shigeuji's killing of Uesugi Noritada, a murder that made the Kantō province fall into chaos. (See also the article
430:
sent his younger brother
Masatomo with an army to pacify Kantō, but Masatomo was unable to even enter Kamakura. This was the beginning of an era in which the Kantō and Kamakura were devastated by a series of civil wars called the
286:
The shōgun's deputy in the Kantō region had the vital task to keep it under control. Structurally, his government was a small-scale version of Kyoto's shogunate and had full judiciary and executive powers. Because the
351:
and resented
Takauji's rule. Consequently, after Motouji's death, Kamakura made clear it didn't want to be ruled by Kyoto. The intentions of the Kantō Ashikaga were made crystal clear by their confiscation of the
164:
era is therefore essentially a struggle for the shogunate between the
Kamakura and the Kyoto branches of the Ashikaga clan. In the end, Kamakura had to be retaken by force by troops from Kyoto. The five
571:, a guide book published in 1685, more than two centuries later after Shigeuji's escape, the spot where the kubō's mansion had been was left empty by local peasants in the hope he may return.
35:
used to stand. It was still left empty in 1685 by peasants, more than two centuries after the dynasty's fall, thinking it may one day return and bring prosperity back to
Kamakura.
477:
291:
was the son of the shōgun, ruled the Kantō and controlled the military there, the area was usually called
Kamakura Bakufu (Kamakura Shogunate), and Motouji shōgun
538:
and commanded his army from here. This became a tradition for all of the Ashikaga that followed. They, after Kyoto's fashion, gave themselves the title
448:
334:
Ujimitsu. This term had been first adopted by Ashikaga Takauji himself, and its use therefore implied equality to the shōgun. In fact, sometimes the
383:
as shōgun and was disappointed by seeing Yoshinori rob him of the post. To express his displeasure, he refused to use the new shōgun's era name (
371:, the Kamakura branch of the Ashikaga clan was regarded with suspicion. Tension continued to mount until it came to a head between sixth shōgun
733:
899:
874:
562:
994:
367:
Ujimitsu and his descendants tried to expand their influence, causing a series of incidents. By the time of third shōgun
999:
143:, because of the continuing difficulties they had keeping the Emperor and the loyalists under control (see the article
970:
951:
929:
230:
In 1349 Takauji called Yoshiakira to Kyoto replacing him with one of his sons, Motouji, to whom he gave the title of
392:
In 1449 Kyoto made one last effort to make the system work. Shigeuji, last descendant of Motouji, was nominated
864:
1009:
811:
389:). In 1439 Yoshinori sent his army to the Kantō, and Mochiuji was defeated and forced to kill himself.
989:
211:
561:
It is near the bottom of an extremely narrow valley, and therefore easily defensible. The nearby
554:'s Shimōsa and the residence was demolished. Erected in March 1918 by the Kamakurachō Seinendan"
1004:
730:
169:
recorded by history, all of which were Motouji's bloodline, were (in order Motouji himself)
144:
518:
436:
275:
was given by the shogunate as a reward for his military support the two huge provinces of
8:
567:
380:
368:
357:
301:
or Kamakura/Kantō Gosho, an equivalent title. When later the habit of calling the shōgun
223:
26:
404:
400:
722:
585:
580:
526:
522:
444:
440:
427:
372:
348:
174:
136:
317:. The first time the title appears in writing is in a 1382 entry of a document called
966:
947:
925:
895:
870:
860:
272:
182:
178:
170:
413:. The title would survive, but effective power would be in the hands of the Uesugi.
407:, from where he directed a rebellion against the shogunate. This was the end of the
911:
710:
652:
551:
148:
99:
21:
737:
219:
601:
247:
140:
844:
432:
276:
705:
is an unusual reading of the characters 成氏, that would be normally be read a s
513:
residence in Kamakura stands a black memorial stele, whose inscription reads:
983:
939:
887:
492:
479:
403:.) In 1455 Shigeuji was deposed by Kyoto forces and had to escape to Koga in
280:
883:
Iwanami Nihonshi Jiten (岩波日本史辞典), CD-Rom Version. Iwanami Shoten, 1999–2001.
463:
443:
succeeded Yoshiuji after his death. Ujinohime was the last Koga Kubo after
268:
264:
608:
592:
547:
241:
120:
114:
305:
spread from Kyoto to the Kantō, the ruler of Kamakura came to be called
709:. The reading Nariuji is common in print. Authoritative texts like the
214:, the first of the Ashikaga shoguns Ashikaga Takauji left the city for
94:
238:, or Kantō deputy. At first the territory under his rule, known as
726:
385:
106:
196:
741:
215:
135:. The Ashikaga had been forced to move to Kyoto, abandoning
558:
The stele is at Jōmyōji 4-2-25, near Nijinohashi Bridge.
454:
119:, in 1349. Motouji transferred his original title to the
565:
guaranteed an easy escape in a siege. According to the
946:. Vol. 2 (2000 ed.). Charles E. Tuttle Co.
938:
467:
The stele that marks the spot in Kamakura where the
123:, which had previously held the hereditary title of
908:
809:
859:
341:
886:
29:of the spot in Kamakura where the mansion of the
981:
447:conquered the Later Hōjō clan, she was moved to
210:In the first weeks of 1336, two years after the
147:). Motouji had been sent by his father, shōgun
599:
590:
532:
508:
417:
408:
393:
323:
294:
256:
239:
232:
201:
159:
129:
112:
103:
85:
72:
59:
46:
30:
313:title was passed on to the Uesugi hereditary
915:(in Japanese). Vol. 3 (1983 ed.).
767:
765:
188:
158:wanted power over the entire country. The
869:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
762:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
462:
379:Mochiuji. Mochiuji had hoped to succeed
195:
20:
944:A History of Japan (3-volume boxed set)
546:Ashikaga Shigeuji, after clashing with
982:
960:
919:
796:
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
924:(in Japanese). Tokyo: Chūkō Shinsho.
752:
750:
658:
648:
646:
644:
439:was Ashikaga Yoshiuji, his daughter,
360:that had given the name to the clan.
16:High political office in feudal Japan
725:obtained directly from the original
642:
640:
638:
636:
634:
632:
630:
628:
626:
624:
222:. He left behind his 4-year-old son
206:at the time of its maximum expansion
783:
127:, and would thereafter provide the
13:
747:
14:
1021:
621:
965:(in Japanese). Tōkyōdō Shuppan.
810:日本人名大辞典+Plus,朝日日本歴史人物事典, デジタル版.
838:
829:
803:
435:. The 5th Kantō kubo under the
342:Instability of the Kantō region
922:Chūsei Toshi Kamakura wo Aruku
894:. Cambridge University Press.
866:The Cambridge History of Japan
774:
716:
695:
686:
591:
507:At the location of the former
422:, Shigeuji now called himself
356:: the family piece of land in
240:
202:
113:
1:
853:
92:) was a title equivalent to
7:
600:
574:
533:
509:
418:
409:
394:
233:
160:
130:
111:, or deputy shōgun for the
104:
31:
10:
1026:
995:Government of feudal Japan
835:Head of the Ashikaga clan.
493:35.3190111°N 139.5742556°E
1000:Japanese historical terms
909:Kokushi Daijiten Iinkai.
426:. In 1457, eighth shōgun
416:Because he no longer was
338:was called Kantō shōgun.
324:
295:
257:
86:
73:
60:
47:
25:An illustration from the
756:Iwanami Nihonshi Jiten,
713:invariably use Shigeuji.
614:
102:after his nomination to
498:35.3190111; 139.5742556
459:s residence in Kamakura
154:After Motouji, all the
920:Matsuo, Kenji (1997).
845:Original Japanese text
556:
472:
347:shōgun's dead brother
207:
36:
961:Shirai, Eiji (1976).
940:Sansom, George Bailey
892:Warrior Rule in Japan
692:Matsuo (1997:119-120)
683:Jansen (1995:119-120)
515:
471:mansion used to stand
466:
246:, included the eight
199:
24:
812:"The last Koga Kubo"
519:Minamoto no Yoritomo
271:. Later, Kantō Kubō
1010:History of Kamakura
942:(January 1, 1977).
800:Hall (1990:232-233)
568:Shinpen Kamakurashi
489: /
381:Ashikaga Yoshimochi
358:Shimotsuke Province
27:Shinpen Kamakurashi
861:Hall, John Whitney
736:2007-09-30 at the
586:Ashikaga Ujinohime
581:Ashikaga shogunate
527:Ashikaga Yoshikane
473:
445:Toyotomi Hideyoshi
441:Ashikaga Ujinohime
428:Ashikaga Yoshimasa
349:Ashikaga Tadayoshi
319:Tsurugaoka Jishoan
208:
145:Nanboku-chō period
37:
901:978-0-521-48404-6
888:Jansen, Marius B.
876:978-0-521-22354-6
273:Ashikaga Ujimitsu
1017:
976:
957:
935:
916:
912:Kokushi Daijiten
905:
880:
847:
842:
836:
833:
827:
826:
824:
823:
807:
801:
798:
781:
778:
772:
771:Sansom (147-148)
769:
760:
754:
745:
720:
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711:Kokushi Daijiten
699:
693:
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653:Kokushi Daijiten
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536:
512:
504:
503:
501:
500:
499:
494:
490:
487:
486:
485:
482:
421:
412:
405:Shimōsa Province
401:Kyōtoku Incident
397:
329:
327:
326:
300:
298:
297:
262:
260:
259:
245:
244:
236:
212:fall of Kamakura
205:
204:
163:
149:Ashikaga Takauji
133:
118:
117:
110:
100:Ashikaga Motouji
91:
89:
88:
78:
76:
75:
65:
63:
62:
52:
50:
49:
34:
1025:
1024:
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1019:
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821:
819:
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799:
784:
780:Hall (1990:177)
779:
775:
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763:
755:
748:
744:era, 1st month)
738:Wayback Machine
721:
717:
700:
696:
691:
687:
682:
659:
651:
622:
617:
577:
548:Uesugi Noritada
497:
495:
491:
488:
483:
480:
478:
476:
475:
461:
437:Later Hōjō clan
354:Ashikaga-no-shō
344:
330:, under second
321:
292:
254:
250:provinces (the
220:Nitta Yoshisada
194:
83:
70:
57:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1023:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
978:
977:
971:
963:Kamakura Jiten
958:
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746:
723:Gregorian date
715:
694:
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657:
619:
618:
616:
613:
612:
611:
606:
597:
588:
583:
576:
573:
484:139°34′27.32″E
460:
453:
433:Sengoku period
343:
340:
218:in pursuit of
193:
187:
81:Kamakura gosho
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1022:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1005:Ashikaga clan
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
987:
985:
974:
972:4-490-10303-4
968:
964:
959:
955:
953:4-8053-0375-1
949:
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937:
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931:4-12-101392-1
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868:
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818:(in Japanese)
817:
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541:
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502:
470:
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458:
452:
450:
449:Kōnosu Palace
446:
442:
438:
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429:
425:
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374:
370:
366:
361:
359:
355:
350:
339:
337:
333:
320:
316:
312:
308:
307:Kamakura Kubō
304:
290:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
253:
249:
243:
237:
235:
228:
225:
221:
217:
213:
198:
192:
189:Birth of the
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
162:
157:
152:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
132:
126:
122:
121:Uesugi family
116:
109:
108:
101:
97:
96:
82:
69:
68:Kamakura kubō
56:
53:(also called
43:
42:
33:
28:
23:
19:
962:
943:
921:
910:
891:
865:
840:
831:
820:. Retrieved
815:
805:
776:
757:
718:
706:
702:
697:
688:
602:Kantō Kanrei
566:
560:
557:
543:
539:
534:Kantō kanrei
531:
521:founded his
516:
506:
481:35°19′8.44″N
474:
468:
456:
423:
415:
391:
384:
376:
364:
362:
353:
345:
335:
331:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
288:
285:
251:
234:Kantō kanrei
231:
229:
209:
190:
166:
155:
153:
141:Kantō region
131:Kantō kanrei
128:
124:
93:
80:
67:
54:
40:
39:
38:
18:
758:Kamakura-fu
609:Uesugi clan
593:Kamakura-fu
563:Asaina Pass
550:, moved to
496: /
375:and fourth
242:Kamakura-fu
203:Kamakura-fu
115:Kamakura-fu
98:assumed by
55:Kantō gosho
990:Kantō kubō
984:Categories
854:References
822:2019-05-09
701:Note that
655:(1983:542)
542:. In 1455
510:Kantō kubō
455:The Kantō
419:Kantō kubō
410:Kantō kubō
395:Kantō kubō
369:Yoshimitsu
336:Kanto Kubō
224:Yoshiakira
191:Kantō kubō
161:Kantō kubō
41:Kantō kubō
32:Kantō kubō
731:Nengocalc
523:shogunate
451:in 1590.
424:Koga kubō
373:Yoshinori
175:Mitsukane
890:(1995).
863:(1990).
734:Archived
703:Shigeuji
575:See also
315:shitsuji
263:), plus
183:Shigeuji
179:Mochiuji
171:Ujimitsu
139:and the
137:Kamakura
125:shitsuji
707:Nariuji
552:Ibaraki
517:"After
363:Second
969:
950:
928:
898:
873:
729:using
469:kubō's
311:Kanrei
309:. The
289:kanrei
252:Hasshū
107:kanrei
105:Kantō
95:shōgun
816:コトバンク
742:Kenmu
727:Nengō
615:Notes
457:kubō'
386:nengō
325:鶴岡事書安
296:左武衛将軍
277:Mutsu
248:Kantō
216:Kyoto
79:, or
967:ISBN
948:ISBN
926:ISBN
896:ISBN
871:ISBN
544:kubō
540:kubō
377:kubō
365:kubō
332:Kubō
303:kubō
281:Dewa
279:and
267:and
200:The
181:and
167:kubō
156:kubō
87:鎌倉御所
74:鎌倉公方
61:関東御所
48:関東公方
740:: (
269:Izu
265:Kai
986::
814:.
785:^
764:^
749:^
660:^
623:^
525:,
283:.
258:八州
185:.
177:,
173:,
66:,
975:.
956:.
934:.
904:.
879:.
825:.
328:)
322:(
299:)
293:(
261:)
255:(
90:)
84:(
77:)
71:(
64:)
58:(
51:)
45:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
