756:
148:
48:
658:
751:
Generally speaking, the Kale have employed a tribal structure in which a group of several family units would be under the authority of a male chieftain. However some Kale families are matriarchal with a senior woman being chosen by consensus among the other women of the family to take the leadership
740:
have appeared in Wales since the 16th century. Romanichal inhabit South Wales (in and around
Cardiff, Swansea and Newport) and North East Wales (in and around Wrexham as well as in parts of Wales close to Liverpool and Chester).
850:
constituted a common Romani dialect. Roma in
England, Scotland, Wales, Sweden, Norway and Finland are thought to share a common ancestry from a wave of Roma who arrived in Britain in the 16th century.
881:
near Bala on 24 August 1889, on the occasion of the Royal Visit to Wales. John
Roberts played with his nine sons, all of them on the harp. The Kale often adopted Welsh surnames.
863:
1542:
1054:
1138:"Why we need to up our Numbers Game: A non-parametric approach to the methodology and politics of the demography of Roma, Gypsy, Traveller and other ethnic populations"
1851:
873:(1816–1894), earned the sobriquet "Telynor Cymru", and taught his whole family various instruments. His illustrious career culminated in a performance before
768:
633:
862:. John Robert Lewis, the husband of Abram Wood's granddaughter, would win prizes for harping in 1842, 1848, and 1850. Another descendant,
2164:
2036:
1055:"Pride in Welsh Kale Gypsies' contribution to Wales glows with the inclusivity of storytelling, poetry, harp music and clog dancing"
2297:
1732:
1611:
687:
410:
1984:
1568:
978:
1682:
780:
619:
17:
1951:
1576:
1373:
1358:
959:
915:
2558:
2492:
2332:
1941:
1829:
1527:
661:
623:
615:
440:
2362:
1966:
1794:
1642:
1596:
1448:
1418:
1319:
470:
1903:
1844:
1799:
1586:
1398:
949:
279:
2447:
2437:
2159:
1956:
1883:
1809:
1768:
1591:
1438:
905:
772:
540:
530:
319:
157:
2579:
2337:
1961:
1908:
1878:
1834:
1789:
1753:
1632:
1581:
868:
445:
1946:
1898:
1839:
1804:
1672:
1657:
1652:
1482:
1423:
1137:
147:
2029:
1996:
1763:
1699:
1662:
1492:
1433:
1381:
1243:
2594:
2516:
2205:
1893:
1856:
1758:
1606:
1427:
595:
525:
187:
1111:
748:
to Wales. They were also known for their distinctive styles of clothing, dance, poetry and storytelling.
2432:
1923:
1913:
1773:
1725:
1692:
1677:
1601:
1411:
680:
520:
2417:
2277:
2272:
2054:
1475:
644:
510:
390:
385:
222:
207:
167:
1006:
2497:
2482:
2477:
2457:
2317:
2307:
1311:
1248:
580:
575:
555:
425:
420:
733:
2589:
2553:
2536:
2526:
2462:
2427:
2387:
2377:
2367:
2352:
2342:
2322:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2267:
2262:
2022:
1351:
755:
736:, the first Rom to reside permanently and exclusively in Wales in the early 18th century, although
639:
605:
560:
535:
490:
485:
475:
460:
455:
450:
430:
405:
400:
395:
380:
2531:
2511:
2472:
2467:
2452:
2442:
2422:
2407:
2402:
2372:
2357:
2327:
2312:
2302:
600:
590:
570:
565:
550:
545:
515:
505:
500:
480:
465:
435:
415:
2584:
2521:
2506:
2487:
2412:
2397:
2347:
1989:
1718:
673:
495:
2382:
2189:
839:
212:
1710:
1460:
831:
8:
1499:
1344:
2169:
1336:
1332:
Romani Cymru
Project (Wales UK) - Archival Research initiative about Welsh Gypsy Culture
744:
The Kale were traditionally renowned musicians, and are reported to have introduced the
339:
1487:
1307:
1198:
217:
1637:
1465:
1315:
1278:
945:
816:
804:
1087:
982:
2548:
2001:
1888:
1647:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1386:
1212:
920:
629:
95:
1238:
2090:
2045:
1549:
1470:
1406:
824:
820:
732:, specifically in the Welsh-speaking areas. Many Kale claim to be descendants of
372:
254:
192:
182:
131:
1239:"ROBERTS, JOHN (Alaw Elwy, also called ' Telynor Cymru '; 1816 - 1894), harpist"
2392:
1667:
1554:
874:
812:
717:
162:
87:
47:
2573:
2174:
2142:
2080:
1918:
1687:
1627:
835:
725:
359:
344:
249:
139:
53:
1331:
2541:
2225:
2220:
2110:
2105:
1303:
1282:
910:
859:
843:
792:
776:
609:
294:
269:
202:
197:
177:
172:
107:
91:
1030:
2237:
2149:
2137:
878:
847:
324:
239:
2232:
2210:
2154:
2100:
1537:
900:
737:
334:
329:
119:
309:
2115:
2095:
284:
264:
1136:
Acton, Thomas; Acton, Jennifer; Cemlyn, Sara; Ryder, Andrew (2016).
2132:
2125:
800:
314:
2014:
2215:
1274:
760:
585:
289:
274:
2184:
2120:
2085:
2075:
1213:"Welsh Gypsy, Welsh Gypsies, Kale, John Roberts, Telynor Cymru"
808:
796:
745:
354:
304:
259:
244:
795:
language until at least the 1950s, when the language became a
2242:
2179:
885:
799:
language. The traditional language was primarily composed of
729:
349:
1740:
1366:
1088:"Welsh Gypsy, Welsh Gypsies, Welsh Romanies, Kale, Wales"
888:, living in wagons and tents. Each tribe was headed by a
858:
Kale traditionally participated in regional and national
961:
Invisible Lives': the
Gypsies and Travellers of Britain
1135:
944:(1st ed.). Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
767:The Welsh Kale are closely related to Romanichal,
2571:
942:The Welsh Gypsies : Children of Abram Wood
846:. Originally the variants of Welsh Romani and
2160:Scandinavian Travellers (Tavinger, Romanisæl)
2030:
1726:
1352:
728:subgroup predominantly found in northwestern
681:
1129:
967:(PhD). University of Edinburgh. p. 109.
939:
1112:"International Traveller and Roma Day 2019"
2037:
2023:
1733:
1719:
1359:
1345:
688:
674:
46:
1300:The Welsh Gypsies: Children of Abram Wood
979:"Welsh Gypsy, Welsh Gypsies, Kale, Wales"
781:Gypsy, Roma and Traveller (GRT) community
1741:European diasporas in the United Kingdom
1236:
940:Jarman, Eldra; Jarman, A. O. H. (1991).
754:
1268:
722:Roma yng Nghymru, Sipsiwn Cymreig, Cale
14:
2572:
2018:
1714:
1367:Asian diasporas in the United Kingdom
1340:
957:
1180:The Dialect of the Gypsies of Wales.
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1001:
999:
916:Scottish Romani and Traveller groups
72:Regions with significant populations
2044:
830:Welsh Romani is closely related to
657:
24:
779:. They are considered part of the
25:
2606:
1325:
1191:Bakker (1997) Review of McGowan,
1071:
1047:
1023:
996:
803:words, but among others also had
656:
146:
1262:
1237:Griffith, Robert David (1959).
1230:
1205:
1185:
1172:
1116:Parish of the Travelling People
791:The Kale spoke the traditional
1159:
1104:
971:
933:
13:
1:
1293:
1244:Dictionary of Welsh Biography
884:Traditionally, the Kale were
2206:Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians
958:Clark, Colin Robert (2001).
7:
1271:John Roberts, Telynor Cymru
1269:Roberts, E. Ernest (1978).
1202:, Fifth series 7(1): 49-50.
894:
786:
10:
2611:
1193:The Winchester Confessions
1169:University of Wales Press.
853:
234:Romani people by sub-group
2255:
2198:
2068:
2061:
2052:
1977:
1934:
1871:
1825:
1818:
1782:
1746:
1620:
1567:
1508:
1456:
1447:
1397:
1372:
1312:University of Wales Press
1249:National Library of Wales
759:Welsh Roma encampment in
118:
113:
106:
101:
86:
81:
76:
71:
67:700 to 1,000 (1991, est.)
66:
61:
45:
38:
1852:Nordic and Scandinavians
1182:Oxford: Clarendon Press.
926:
27:Romani subgroup in Wales
40:Kalé, Kalá, Valshanange
2580:Ethnic groups in Wales
2298:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1217:www.valleystream.co.uk
1092:www.valleystream.co.uk
764:
721:
1165:Brooks, Simon (2021)
769:Scottish Lowland Roma
758:
114:Related ethnic groups
18:Kale (Welsh Romanies)
1031:"Clera - The Fiddle"
2595:Welsh Romani people
2165:Scottish Travellers
1178:Sampson. J. (1926)
295:Kale (Finnish Roma)
290:Kale (Iberian Roma)
35:
2101:English Romanichal
1199:Gypsy Lore Society
1145:Radical Statistics
765:
411:Bosnia-Herzegovina
77:Northwestern Wales
33:
2567:
2566:
2251:
2250:
2012:
2011:
1867:
1866:
1708:
1707:
1563:
1562:
698:
697:
300:Kale (Welsh Roma)
125:
124:
52:A Kalé family in
16:(Redirected from
2602:
2501:
2066:
2065:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2016:
2015:
2002:Irish Travellers
1872:Southeast Europe
1823:
1822:
1735:
1728:
1721:
1712:
1711:
1454:
1453:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1338:
1337:
1287:
1286:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1209:
1203:
1189:
1183:
1176:
1170:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1142:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1084:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1059:Travellers Times
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1003:
994:
993:
991:
990:
981:. Archived from
975:
969:
968:
966:
955:
937:
921:Irish Travellers
877:at Palé Hall in
872:
690:
683:
676:
660:
659:
634:Hungarian-Slovak
340:Sepečides Romani
150:
127:
126:
62:Total population
50:
36:
32:
21:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2590:Romani in Wales
2570:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2495:
2438:North Macedonia
2247:
2194:
2091:Burgenland Roma
2057:
2048:
2046:Romani diaspora
2043:
2013:
2008:
1973:
1935:Southern Europe
1930:
1863:
1819:Northern Europe
1814:
1778:
1742:
1739:
1709:
1704:
1616:
1559:
1504:
1443:
1393:
1368:
1365:
1328:
1308:A. O. H. Jarman
1296:
1291:
1290:
1267:
1263:
1253:
1251:
1235:
1231:
1221:
1219:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1197:Journal of the
1190:
1186:
1177:
1173:
1164:
1160:
1150:
1148:
1140:
1134:
1130:
1120:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1096:
1094:
1086:
1085:
1072:
1063:
1061:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1039:
1037:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1015:
1013:
1005:
1004:
997:
988:
986:
977:
976:
972:
964:
952:
938:
934:
929:
897:
866:
856:
789:
694:
649:
531:North Macedonia
377:
376:
373:Romani diaspora
364:
255:Burgenland Roma
236:
235:
57:
41:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2608:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2559:United Kingdom
2556:
2551:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2493:Basque Country
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2338:Czechoslovakia
2335:
2333:Czech Republic
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2208:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2072:
2070:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2042:
2041:
2034:
2027:
2019:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1981:
1979:
1978:Western Europe
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1826:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1786:
1784:
1783:Eastern Europe
1780:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1750:
1748:
1747:Central Europe
1744:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1730:
1723:
1715:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1573:
1571:
1569:Southeast Asia
1565:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1485:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1468:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1403:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1378:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1363:
1356:
1349:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1327:
1326:External links
1324:
1323:
1322:
1320:978-0708323984
1295:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1261:
1229:
1204:
1184:
1171:
1158:
1128:
1103:
1070:
1046:
1022:
1007:"Welsh Romani"
995:
970:
950:
931:
930:
928:
925:
924:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
896:
893:
875:Queen Victoria
855:
852:
788:
785:
696:
695:
693:
692:
685:
678:
670:
667:
666:
665:
664:
651:
650:
648:
647:
642:
637:
627:
616:United Kingdom
613:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
446:Czechoslovakia
443:
441:Czech Republic
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
371:
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136:
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122:
116:
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110:
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103:
99:
98:
84:
83:
79:
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73:
69:
68:
64:
63:
59:
58:
51:
43:
42:
39:
29:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2607:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2585:Romani groups
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2549:United States
2547:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2499:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
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2471:
2469:
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2444:
2441:
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2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
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56:, Wales, 1951
55:
49:
44:
37:
19:
2111:Finnish Kale
2106:Erromintxela
1967:Iberian Jews
1795:Azerbaijanis
1643:Azerbaijanis
1597:Singaporeans
1532:
1461:Bangladeshis
1419:Hong Kongers
1374:Central Asia
1304:Eldra Jarman
1299:
1273:(in Welsh).
1270:
1264:
1252:. Retrieved
1242:
1232:
1220:. Retrieved
1216:
1207:
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1192:
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1167:Hanes Cymry.
1166:
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1034:
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1010:
987:. Retrieved
983:the original
973:
960:
941:
935:
911:Finnish Kale
889:
883:
864:John Roberts
860:eisteddfodau
857:
844:Scandoromani
840:Finnish Kalo
829:
827:influences.
793:Welsh Romani
790:
777:Finnish Kale
766:
750:
743:
713:
709:
705:
701:
699:
299:
280:Judeo-Romani
270:Crimean Roma
108:Christianity
92:Welsh Romani
30:Ethnic group
2517:Switzerland
2496: [
2448:Netherlands
2150:Polska Roma
2138:Muslim Roma
2069:Uncontested
2055:Settlements
1904:Macedonians
1845:Lithuanians
1800:Belarusians
1587:Indonesians
1500:Sri Lankans
879:Llandderfel
867: [
848:Angloromani
832:Angloromani
714:Valshanange
662:WikiProject
596:Switzerland
541:Netherlands
526:New Zealand
325:Polska Roma
240:Afro-Romani
223:Settlements
158:Archaeology
2574:Categories
2433:Montenegro
2256:By country
2190:Welsh Kale
2155:Ruska Roma
1957:Portuguese
1884:Bulgarians
1810:Ukrainians
1769:Hungarians
1612:Vietnamese
1592:Malaysians
1538:Romanichal
1488:Pakistanis
1449:South Asia
1439:Mongolians
1294:References
1254:9 November
1097:2024-07-21
1064:2024-07-21
1040:2024-07-21
1016:2024-07-21
989:2008-06-10
901:Romanichal
773:Romanisael
738:Romanichal
734:Abram Wood
521:Montenegro
375:by country
335:Ruska Roma
330:Romanichal
120:Romanichal
2418:Lithuania
2278:Australia
2273:Argentina
2233:Bosha/Lom
2199:Contested
2170:Sepečides
2116:Kalderash
2096:Cascarots
2062:Subgroups
1962:Spaniards
1909:Romanians
1879:Albanians
1835:Estonians
1790:Armenians
1754:Austrians
1693:in London
1638:Assyrians
1633:Armenians
1621:West Asia
1582:Filipinos
1493:in London
1476:in London
1466:Bhutanese
1428:in London
1399:East Asia
1151:7 January
956:cited in
906:Romanisæl
890:sero rom.
645:Venezuela
511:Lithuania
391:Australia
386:Argentina
320:Romanisæl
285:Kalderash
265:Cascarots
82:Languages
2483:Slovenia
2478:Slovakia
2458:Portugal
2318:Colombia
2308:Bulgaria
2133:Manouche
2126:Machvaya
1990:Huguenot
1947:Italians
1899:Kosovans
1889:Cypriots
1840:Latvians
1805:Russians
1683:Lebanese
1673:Israelis
1658:Iranians
1653:Emiratis
1648:Cypriots
1607:Timorese
1543:Scottish
1523:Punjabis
1518:Pashtuns
1513:Mirpuris
1483:Nepalese
1424:Japanese
1314:, 2011,
895:See also
817:Romanian
801:Sanskrit
787:Language
724:) are a
624:Scotland
581:Slovenia
576:Slovakia
556:Portugal
426:Colombia
421:Bulgaria
315:Machvaya
218:Religion
193:Language
183:Folklore
132:a series
130:Part of
102:Religion
2554:Uruguay
2537:Ukraine
2527:Tunisia
2463:Romania
2428:Moldova
2388:Ireland
2378:Hungary
2368:Germany
2363:Georgia
2353:Estonia
2343:Denmark
2323:Croatia
2293:Belgium
2288:Belarus
2283:Austria
2268:Algeria
2263:Albania
2221:Kawliya
2216:Garachi
2143:Zargari
1952:Maltese
1764:Germans
1700:Yemenis
1663:Syrians
1577:Burmese
1550:Sindhis
1471:Indians
1434:Koreans
1407:Chinese
1387:Pashtun
1283:4957891
1275:Dinbych
1121:13 July
886:nomadic
854:Culture
805:Iranian
761:Swansea
640:Uruguay
606:Ukraine
561:Romania
536:Moldova
491:Ireland
486:Hungary
476:Germany
471:Georgia
461:Finland
456:Estonia
451:Denmark
431:Croatia
406:Belgium
401:Belarus
396:Austria
381:Albania
360:Zargari
310:Lăutari
275:Gurbeti
188:History
168:Culture
163:Cuisine
96:English
2542:Crimea
2532:Turkey
2512:Sweden
2473:Serbia
2468:Russia
2453:Poland
2443:Norway
2423:Mexico
2408:Latvia
2403:Kosovo
2393:Israel
2373:Greece
2358:France
2328:Cyprus
2313:Canada
2303:Brazil
2185:Ursari
2121:Lovari
2086:Boyash
2076:Arlije
1985:French
1924:London
1894:Greeks
1857:Swedes
1830:Baltic
1759:Czechs
1668:Iraqis
1555:Tamils
1528:Romani
1412:London
1382:Afghan
1318:
1281:
1222:8 July
948:
825:French
821:German
809:Arabic
797:pidgin
763:(1953)
752:role.
746:fiddle
726:Romani
704:(also
610:Crimea
601:Turkey
591:Sweden
571:Serbia
566:Russia
551:Poland
546:Norway
516:Mexico
506:Latvia
501:Kosovo
481:Greece
466:France
436:Cyprus
416:Brazil
355:Ursari
305:Lovari
260:Boyash
245:Arlije
213:People
2522:Syria
2507:Sudan
2500:]
2488:Spain
2413:Libya
2398:Italy
2348:Egypt
2243:Lyuli
2226:Nawar
2180:Sinti
1997:Irish
1919:Turks
1914:Serbs
1774:Poles
1688:Turks
1678:Kurds
1628:Arabs
1602:Thais
1147:(114)
1141:(PDF)
965:(PDF)
927:Notes
871:]
813:Greek
730:Wales
718:Welsh
586:Spain
496:Italy
350:Sinti
208:Names
203:Music
198:Media
178:Dress
173:Dance
88:Welsh
2383:Iraq
2238:Lori
1533:Kale
1316:ISBN
1279:OCLC
1256:2017
1224:2021
1153:2024
1123:2020
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