642:
618:
690:
594:
582:
630:
678:
654:
606:
702:
570:
666:
459:
363:
352:) is a symmetrical pattern performed with any number of props greater than or equal to three, in which the arms cross and uncross throwing the props from toward the centre of the pattern in groups of three. In a Mills mess pattern with an odd number of props, each throw is from one hand to the other, whereas with an even number of props, each hand independently juggles half of the props. Thus, a Mills mess can be considered to be a cascade or fountain but with the cross-armed movements.
121:
17:
218:
408:
1925:
383:
311:
495:
259:
286:
502:
It is possible to create patterns in which two or more balls are caught in and/or thrown from one hand. These patterns are generally called multiplex patterns. Multiplex throws are given different names depending on the number of balls used, for example a two-ball throw would be called a duplex and a
231:
Performed using an even number of props greater than or equal to four, the fountain is a symmetrical pattern where each hand independently juggles exactly half the total number of props, i.e. each hand always throws to itself. As with the cascade, a fountain where the throws are to the outside of the
390:
Named after its inventor, Ken Burke, Burke's barrage is quite popular among jugglers due to the impressive arm moves, but it's not so hard to master, compared to the
Rubenstein's revenge for example; Burke's barrage is a, "complicated and very classy," juggling pattern. The 3 is a carry, 4 is thrown
272:
Although various versions of this pattern exist, a columns pattern can be defined as one where the props follow vertical paths through the air. Columns can be performed with any number of props greater than or equal to two. The simplest version of this pattern, two-in-one, uses two balls in one hand
519:
Stacked multiplex throws involve throwing two or more props from one hand and catching them in the same hand (though not necessarily the same hand that they were thrown from). The props will usually be "stacked" one above the other in the air, and thus will be caught in a staggered fashion. Stacked
1324:
Apparently Graham experimented with many patterns that crossed hands or changed direction in the Mess way, some of which were likely to be close to the current Mess: Steve studied Ron's patterns, and other jugglers as well, including films of
Vaudeville jugglers. From this stew, the Mess emerged.
335:
299:
Box patterns are juggling patterns that combine vertical, columns-like throws with horizontal throws, such as in the shower pattern. Box patterns are so named due to the props in the pattern apparently tracing several sides of a box in the air, and can be performed with any number of props greater
421:
Rubenstein's revenge is a 3-ball pattern named by George
Gillson after its inventor, Rick Rubenstein. Along with Mills Mess and Burke's barrage it is one of three well known named juggling patterns that involve complex carries and crossed arm throws. Rubenstein's revenge is usually considered the
479:
notation means one juggler does 'xxx' while another does 'yyy'. 'p' is used to represent a passing throw. For example, the Four-count, or "Every others", pattern (one of the most basic forms of passing) every fourth throw — that is, every second right-handed throw — is a passing throw, thus the
134:
Possibly the simplest juggling pattern to execute, the cascade is a symmetrical pattern performed with an odd number of props greater than or equal to three, with each hand alternately throwing arching throws of equal height to the opposite hand. The cascade is generally performed with the balls
168:
This pattern can be performed with any number of props greater than or equal to two. Quite often the first pattern attempted by non-jugglers, the shower has props following a "circular" path, with one hand throwing arcing throws of equal height to the opposite hand, and one throwing balls in a
189:
the props from the other hand. The half shower may be performed with any number of props greater than or equal to three, and with more than four props, different versions of the half shower with varying heights of throw may be executed, even without taking into account both synchronous and
544:
from one hand and "splitting" them in the air so that each hand catches one or more props. Some split props may be level in the air, and so may be caught simultaneously by both hands, or they may be of different heights, and so will be caught in a staggered fashion as with the
155:
273:
while the simplest version of this pattern with three props which are thrown in three equally spaced columns, where the two outside props are thrown simultaneously, with the central prop thrown when the other two are caught. A Mills mess juggled in columns is known as a
60:. A juggling trick in toss juggling is a throw or catch which is different from the throws and catches within a pattern. Tricks include simple ones such as a high throw or more difficult ones such a catch on the back of the jugglers neck, as well as the
1325:
Ron and Steve juggled at the YMCA in
Morristown, N.J., when the mess was created, but the name "Mills Mess" was given to this trick some years later on the West coast by Ed Jackman, Barrett Felker, and/or Norm Johnson.
520:
throws can replace any regular single prop throw within a pattern, though if the props are staggered enough they can be caught and thrown again separately; this type of stacked throw is known as a
52:. A juggling pattern in toss juggling is a sequence of throws and catches using a certain number of props which is repeated continuously. Patterns include simple ones such as the
322:(siteswap: 441) is similar to the box and two in one hand. Described as, "not terribly difficult....the simplest non-obvious site-swap seems to be 441; it is similar to, but
370:
There are, "many 423 tricks." For example, the plain 423, Takeouts, the Fake Mess, the W (or 423 columns), and Burke's barrage. In Burke's barrage the 3 is a
1712:
1623:
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the same as, the common 3-ball pattern of throwing balls up on the side while passing a ball back and forth underneath in a shower pass from hand to hand."
689:
480:
pattern is <333P|333P>. One-count (<3p|3p>), two-count (<33p|33p>), three-count (<333p|333p>), four-count (<3333p|3333p>).
617:
593:
185:
pattern (siteswap: 3) is any pattern where both hands throw arcing cascade-like throws to the other hand, but the props from one hand always pass
1299:
1217:
Organic
Mathematics: Proceedings of the Organic Mathematics Workshop, December 12–14, 1995, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia
581:
677:
20:
A variety of tricks involving a single ball being caught or tossed (7th century), which may then be incorporated into a variety of patterns
629:
366:
423 path (4 is a one-hand fountain toss, 2 is a hold, and 3 is the toss between hands, which is then repeated with the opposite hands)
1669:
605:
2102:
653:
2332:
88:
The variety of juggling patterns is extensive. Most patterns involve three or more objects and the props used can include
1794:
1653:
1605:
1523:
1275:
1224:
949:
898:
873:
851:
701:
450:) and the other throws underarm, so that the outside hand catches while crossed over the underarm hand. Siteswap: 3.
1570:
569:
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1342:
2107:
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1091:
983:
2083:
2073:
1514:
1037:
1135:
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528:
was coined by Daniel Marden, a leading figure on multiplex juggling in the online juggling community.
2284:
2124:
1618:
1423:
1396:
1064:
1108:
914:
503:
three-ball throw, a triplex, and so on. Multiplex throws are generally grouped into two categories,
1997:
1311:
1215:
Borwein, Jonathan M.; ed. (1997). Buhler, Eisenbud, Graham, Wright. "Juggling Drops and
Descents",
1010:
142:
Many tricks or patterns are generated from mixing cascade and reverse cascade throws. For example,
2274:
1904:
1450:
416:
1369:
1162:
2311:
2112:
1787:
721:
193:
Half showers where hands throw at notably different heights may be executed with cascade-style
146:(siteswap: 3) one ball is thrown over (reverse) while the other two are thrown under (inside).
45:
1560:. Burke's Barrage is, "not complex, and after it, Rubenstein's Revenge is a simple extension."
458:
2234:
349:
1745:
2306:
2090:
1963:
1878:
1762:
489:
209:
due to the higher clubs naturally spinning a greater number of times than the lower clubs.
65:
1666:
1553:
8:
2296:
2279:
2063:
2055:
1853:
1807:
226:
109:
1933:
1899:
1843:
1833:
470:
447:
267:
129:
101:
69:
53:
391:
while crossed under, 3 is caught while crossed under, and 4 is often caught using the
2219:
2172:
2134:
2095:
1909:
1892:
1883:
1858:
1820:
1780:
1649:
1601:
1519:
1271:
1220:
945:
894:
869:
847:
727:
558:
439:
163:
105:
73:
41:
244:
is the number of props juggled. Unlike the cascade, fountains can be performed both
2291:
2197:
2177:
2037:
2012:
1848:
1772:
962:
371:
274:
362:
2239:
1838:
1673:
1478:
392:
248:(each hand throws at the same time) and asynchronously (hands throw alternately)
245:
136:
61:
48:
in a pleasing way." Descriptions of patterns and tricks have been most common in
2301:
2157:
2027:
2022:
2002:
1873:
1828:
1690:
294:
236:(siteswap: 4). A fountain where only one hand juggles is generally known as an
97:
93:
89:
300:
than or equal to two, synchronously (see right) or asynchronously (e.g. 612).
2326:
2167:
2119:
2032:
2007:
1968:
1941:
1914:
49:
33:
1646:
Beyond the cascade: step-by-step guides to 88 classic 3-ball juggling tricks
1515:
Beyond the
Cascade: Step-by-Step Guides to 88 Classic 3-Ball Juggling Tricks
76:
have been created to describe juggling patterns and tricks. One of these is
2246:
2229:
2224:
2207:
2182:
2152:
2042:
1980:
540:
Split multiplex throws, as the name suggests, involve throwing two or more
396:
173:
and anti-clockwise directions, and both asynchronously and synchronously.
1973:
1951:
1924:
285:
2251:
2192:
1956:
475:
Siteswap may also be extended to pass juggling. Simultaneous juggling:
443:
343:
120:
57:
407:
1992:
1868:
1536:
382:
170:
334:
2187:
2147:
2139:
1946:
1888:
1863:
1803:
169:
horizontal path to the other hand. Showers can be executed in both
77:
37:
16:
494:
217:
2202:
2162:
1985:
258:
135:
caught to the outside of the throws, with the inverse known as a
2214:
2017:
446:, or the other way around. One hand throws outside (or reverse
310:
100:
among other props. The basic patterns of toss juggling are the
2258:
1300:"Academic Juggler - A Messy History and Other Academic Notes"
1310:(4). International Jugglers' Association: 31. Archived from
541:
442:. It is often considered a prerequisite or preparation for
154:
1691:
Fun with
Multiplexes: Comments: April 12, 2016 at 6:17 pm
399:, who named a pattern "Burke's Burrage" in Ken's honor.
1802:
724:, a mathematical object related to juggling patterns
348:
The Mills mess (named after one of its originators,
1297:
2324:
197:throws; this style of half shower is popular in
1337:
1335:
1333:
1598:Charlie Dancey's Encyclopædia of Ball Juggling
1788:
1746:"Library of Juggling - Tricks by Difficulty"
1476:
1330:
1267:Charlie Dancey's Compendium of Club Juggling
438:, is a juggling pattern which resembles the
1659:
1795:
1781:
1508:
1506:
1504:
422:most involved and difficult of the three.
1489:(3). International Jugglers' Association
1270:. UK: Butterfingers Books. p. 116.
934:
807:
805:
493:
457:
406:
381:
361:
333:
309:
284:
257:
216:
153:
119:
15:
1600:, p.128. Butterfingers: Bath, England.
1501:
795:
793:
791:
789:
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763:
761:
759:
749:
747:
745:
743:
402:
2325:
1740:
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1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1590:
1263:
888:
863:
819:
817:
779:
777:
775:
498:Multiplex: 3-ball Cascade with triplex
1776:
1443:
802:
483:
411:Rubenstein's revenge, siteswap: 52233
386:3-ball Burke's barrage, siteswap: 423
1479:"Festivals - Fireworks in Baltimore"
1219:, p.141. American Mathematical Soc.
846:, p.134. American Mathematical Soc.
786:
756:
740:
514:
395:. The title is unrelated to juggler
262:3-ball columns, siteswap: (4,4)(4,0)
1727:
814:
772:
13:
1518:, p.68. The Ugly Juggling Co: UK.
1298:Arthur Lewbel (Winter 1994–1995).
842:Borwein, Jonathan M.; ed. (1997).
552:
535:
377:
289:3-ball box, siteswap: (4,2x)(2x,4)
14:
2344:
1755:
647:Columns, alternating: (4,4)(4x,0)
181:Similar to the shower pattern, a
44:, combines abstract patterns and
1923:
700:
688:
676:
664:
652:
640:
628:
616:
604:
592:
580:
568:
453:
374:, in Takeouts the 4 is a carry.
1700:
1683:
1638:
1611:
1563:
1546:
1529:
1470:
1416:
1389:
1362:
1291:
1257:
1230:
1209:
1182:
1155:
1128:
1101:
1084:
1057:
1030:
940:Bernstein, Nicholai A. (1996).
462:Four-count, or "Every others":
201:, where they go by the name of
1003:
976:
955:
907:
882:
857:
836:
623:Fountain (synchronous): (4)(4)
338:3-ball Mills Mess, siteswap: 3
176:
32:is a specific manipulation of
1:
1680:. Accessed: October 24, 2016.
1644:Gillson, George (1991/1993).
942:Dexterity and Its Development
891:Encyclopedia of Ball Juggling
830:
599:Shower (synchronous): (4x,2x)
532:has a trick named after him.
329:
2333:Juggling patterns and tricks
221:4-ball fountain, siteswap: 4
7:
866:Compendium of Club Juggling
715:
695:Rubenstein's revenge: 52233
425:
303:
212:
158:3-ball shower, siteswap: 51
124:3 ball-cascade, siteswap: 3
83:
10:
2349:
1477:Russ Kaufman (Fall 1986).
611:Fountain (asynchronous): 4
556:
487:
468:
414:
341:
292:
265:
251:
224:
161:
127:
115:
2267:
2133:
2051:
1932:
1921:
1814:
587:Shower (asynchronous): 51
190:asynchronous variations.
149:
56:and complex ones such as
1596:Dancey, Charlie (1994).
1512:Gillson, George (1993).
1264:Dancey, Charlie (1995).
1098:. Accessed July 8, 2014.
893:. Devon: Butterfingers.
889:Dancey, Charlie (2001).
864:Dancey, Charlie (1995).
733:
1648:, p.21. Ugly Juggling.
868:. Bath: Butterfingers.
314:Half-box, siteswap: 441
36:during the practice of
1571:"Rubenstein's Revenge"
722:Affine symmetric group
499:
466:
412:
387:
367:
355:
339:
315:
290:
280:
263:
232:catches is known as a
222:
159:
125:
46:mind-body coordination
21:
1767:LibraryofJuggling.com
1713:LibraryofJuggling.com
1624:LibraryofJuggling.com
1576:LibraryofJuggling.com
1456:LibraryofJuggling.com
1429:LibraryofJuggling.com
1402:LibraryofJuggling.com
1375:LibraryofJuggling.com
1348:LibraryofJuggling.com
1243:LibraryofJuggling.com
1195:LibraryofJuggling.com
1168:LibraryofJuggling.com
1141:LibraryofJuggling.com
1114:LibraryofJuggling.com
1096:LibraryofJuggling.com
1070:LibraryofJuggling.com
1043:LibraryofJuggling.com
1016:LibraryofJuggling.com
989:LibraryofJuggling.com
920:LibraryofJuggling.com
530:LibraryofJuggling.com
497:
461:
410:
385:
365:
337:
313:
288:
261:
220:
157:
123:
19:
2064:Juggling Conventions
1905:Rubenstein's Revenge
1763:Tricks by Difficulty
683:Burke's barrage: 423
490:Multiplex (juggling)
417:Rubenstein's Revenge
403:Rubenstein's revenge
2297:Rhythmic gymnastics
1808:object manipulation
844:Organic Mathematics
635:Columns: (4,4)(4,0)
227:Fountain (juggling)
1672:2016-10-26 at the
984:"Juggler's Tennis"
500:
484:Multiplex patterns
471:Passing (juggling)
467:
413:
388:
368:
340:
316:
291:
268:Columns (juggling)
264:
223:
160:
130:Cascade (juggling)
126:
40:. "Juggling, like
22:
2320:
2319:
2173:Coin manipulation
1708:"Marden's Marvel"
1667:Siteswap notation
1343:"Burke's Barrage"
728:List of siteswaps
659:Box: (4,2x)(2x,4)
559:Juggling notation
515:Stacked multiplex
505:stacked multiplex
464:<333P|333P>
164:Shower (juggling)
78:siteswap notation
74:juggling notation
2340:
2198:Flair bartending
2178:Contact juggling
1927:
1797:
1790:
1783:
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1327:
1321:
1319:
1314:on July 17, 2011
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1092:Reverse Fountain
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974:
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969:
959:
953:
938:
932:
931:
929:
927:
911:
905:
904:
886:
880:
879:
861:
855:
840:
824:
823:Difficulty: 6/10
821:
812:
811:Difficulty: 7/10
809:
800:
799:Difficulty: 4/10
797:
784:
783:Difficulty: 2/10
781:
770:
769:Difficulty: 5/10
767:
754:
753:Difficulty: 3/10
751:
704:
692:
680:
668:
656:
644:
632:
620:
608:
596:
584:
572:
465:
234:reverse fountain
26:juggling pattern
2348:
2347:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2263:
2137:
2129:
2096:Combat juggling
2053:
2047:
1928:
1919:
1818:
1810:
1801:
1758:
1753:
1744:
1743:
1728:
1718:
1716:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1688:
1684:
1674:Wayback Machine
1664:
1660:
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1629:
1627:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1579:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1554:Burke's Barrage
1551:
1547:
1537:Burke's Barrage
1534:
1530:
1511:
1502:
1492:
1490:
1483:Juggler's World
1475:
1471:
1461:
1459:
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1378:
1368:
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1317:
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1304:Juggler's World
1296:
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1282:
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1278:
1262:
1258:
1248:
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1021:
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1008:
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992:
982:
981:
977:
967:
965:
963:"How to Juggle"
961:
960:
956:
939:
935:
925:
923:
913:
912:
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901:
887:
883:
876:
862:
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841:
837:
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828:
827:
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741:
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612:
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573:
561:
555:
553:Ladder diagrams
549:stacked throw.
538:
536:Split multiplex
517:
509:split multiplex
492:
486:
477:<xxx|yyy>
473:
463:
456:
428:
419:
405:
380:
378:Burke's barrage
358:
346:
332:
306:
297:
283:
277:(siteswap: 3).
270:
254:
229:
215:
179:
166:
152:
137:reverse cascade
132:
118:
86:
12:
11:
5:
2346:
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2255:
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2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2200:
2195:
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50:toss juggling
47:
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2230:Pen spinning
2225:Keepie uppie
2208:Hoop rolling
2183:Devil sticks
2091:Competitions
2043:Trick roping
1981:Cup-and-ball
1815:
1766:
1717:. Retrieved
1711:
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1558:Juggling.org
1557:
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1491:. Retrieved
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1454:
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1406:. Retrieved
1400:
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1346:
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1318:December 13,
1316:. Retrieved
1312:the original
1307:
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1283:December 13,
1281:. Retrieved
1266:
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1199:. Retrieved
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2168:Chinese top
1998:Fingerboard
1974:Indian club
1952:Bouncy ball
1874:Mills' Mess
1678:JugglingLab
1630:October 24,
1493:January 13,
1462:October 24,
1435:October 24,
1424:"Fake Mess"
1381:October 24,
707:53145305520
524:. The term
350:Steve Mills
275:Boston mess
183:half shower
177:Half shower
2252:Rattleback
2193:Fire staff
1957:Hacky sack
1695:Juggle.org
1619:"Windmill"
1541:TWJC.co.uk
1526:. (p.65).
1408:October 2,
1397:"Takeouts"
1190:"Half-Box"
1065:"Fountain"
968:23 January
831:References
575:Cascade: 3
444:Mills Mess
344:Mills mess
330:Mills mess
58:Mills mess
1993:Fan dance
1964:Cigar box
1879:Multiplex
1869:Jollyball
1719:March 14,
1109:"Columns"
944:, p.379.
915:"Cascade"
171:clockwise
66:multiplex
2327:Category
2292:Jugglers
2188:Fire fan
2148:Astrojax
2140:twirling
1947:Bean bag
1889:Siteswap
1884:Notation
1864:Joggling
1854:Fountain
1816:Patterns
1804:Juggling
1670:Archived
1011:"Shower"
716:See also
432:windmill
426:Windmill
320:half-box
304:Half-box
240:, where
213:Fountain
110:fountain
108:and the
84:Patterns
38:juggling
2280:History
2275:Culture
2203:Hooping
2135:Balance
1986:Kendama
1900:Passing
1844:Columns
1834:Cascade
1582:July 8,
1451:"the W"
1354:July 8,
1249:July 8,
1201:July 8,
1174:July 8,
1147:July 8,
1120:July 8,
1076:July 8,
1049:July 8,
1022:July 8,
995:July 8,
448:cascade
252:Columns
116:Cascade
102:cascade
54:cascade
2240:tricks
2220:Meteor
2215:Kemari
2113:JISCON
2056:events
2052:Groups
2018:Jianzi
1910:Shower
1859:Havana
1652:
1604:
1522:
1274:
1223:
948:
926:8 July
897:
872:
850:
440:shower
195:inside
150:Shower
144:tennis
106:shower
104:, the
68:, and
2307:Terms
2302:Robot
2268:Other
2259:Yo-yo
2069:BACAF
2038:Torch
2023:Knife
1934:Props
1849:Flash
1821:forms
1370:"423"
1163:"Box"
734:Notes
542:props
434:, or
372:carry
187:above
98:clubs
94:rings
90:balls
42:music
34:props
2138:and
2054:and
2033:Ring
1969:Club
1942:Ball
1915:Toss
1893:list
1839:Claw
1819:and
1806:and
1721:2020
1650:ISBN
1632:2016
1602:ISBN
1584:2014
1520:ISBN
1495:2011
1464:2016
1437:2016
1410:2016
1383:2016
1356:2014
1320:2010
1285:2010
1272:ISBN
1251:2014
1221:ISBN
1203:2014
1176:2014
1149:2014
1122:2014
1078:2014
1051:2014
1024:2014
997:2014
970:2012
946:ISBN
928:2014
895:ISBN
870:ISBN
848:ISBN
507:and
393:claw
318:The
96:and
70:pass
62:claw
2247:Top
2235:Poi
2125:WJF
2108:JIS
2103:IJA
2084:IJC
2079:EJC
2074:BJC
2013:Hat
1829:Box
1765:",
1693:",
1676:",
1556:",
1539:",
1094:",
547:cut
526:cut
522:cut
356:423
324:not
281:Box
205:or
28:or
2329::
1891::
1729:^
1710:.
1621:.
1573:.
1503:^
1487:38
1485:.
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1332:^
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816:^
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511:.
430:A
139:.
112:.
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80:.
64:,
24:A
1796:e
1789:t
1782:v
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1080:.
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999:.
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930:.
903:.
878:.
854:.
242:n
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