Joseph Smith Papyri

4057:"She was very thrilled at the thought and of course very curious, but she felt it a great privilege to be allowed to see them. The mummies were kept in the attic where they wouldn't be destroyed and in those days there weren't any stairways in the houses such as we have now, and in order to get to the attic one had to climb a ladder which was straight up along the wall. She told Joseph in a very timid voice that she would like to see them, but was a little frightened while climbing the ladder to the attic. But when at the top she saw the room with the curious looking things, and Joseph seeing she was a little frightened stepped to her side, laid his hand on her shoulder and said, "come little one, do not be afraid". He took her by the hand and led her to them saying, "touch them and you will never be afraid of the dead". It was then that he placed his hands on her shoulder and head and gave her a blessing. He told her that when she grew up she would be a nurse and would care for the sick and the dead all her life." 1269:

probably one of the daughters. It may have been the Princess Thermutis, I replied, the same that rescued Moses from the waters of the Nile. It is not improbable, answered the Prophet; but my time has not yet allowed me fully to examine and decide that point. ... He then walked to a secretary, on the opposite side of the room, and drew out several frames, covered with glass, under which were numerous fragments of Egyptian papyras, on which, as usual, a great variety of hieroglyphical characters had been imprinted. These ancient records, said he, throw great light on the subject of Christianity. They have been unrolled and preserved with great labor and care. My time has been hithertoo too much taken up to translate the whole of them, but I will show you how I interpret certain parts. There, said he, pointing to a particular character, that is the signature of the patriarch Abraham. It is indeed a most interesting autograph, I replied, and doubtless the only one extant.

3207:"The records were obtained from one of the catacombs in Egypt, near a place where once stood the renowned city of Thebes, by the celebrated French traveler, Antonio Lebolo, in the year 1831. He procured license from Mehemet Ali, then viceroy of Egypt, under the protection of Chevalier Drovetti, the French Consul, in the year 1828, and employed four hundred and thirty-three men, four months and two days (if I understand correctly) - Egyptian or Turkish soldiers, at from four to six cents per diem, each man. He entered the catacomb June 7, 1831, and obtained eleven mummies. There were several hundred mummies in the same catacomb; about one hundred embalmed after the first order, and placed in niches, and two or three hundred after the second and third orders, and laid upon the floor or bottom of the grand cavity. The two last orders of embalmed were so decayed, that they could not be removed, and only eleven of the first, found in the niches." 829: 2494: 2323: 2614: 1166:

titled, "Article of Agreement Between Joseph Smith Jun. and Joseph Smith Sr." reads, "I convey the two undivided thirds of records of and box Exclusive of the mummies. ... I do hereby relinquish on the box and records which James Markell has Levied in my favor as the property of J. Smith Jr. and my claim on the same." A Markell family story related in the 1960s to LDS Church historians states, "Some one, if I remember correctly, related to Joseph Coe got the Records (Papyrus) and these Markells of mine were foxey enough to conn this fellow out of them. It seems he owed Judge Markell some money and Uncle James was deputized to help retrieve the records. It was quite a joke in the family."

1394: 2633: 1295: 651: 2602: 2590: 667: 3949:"Many of the leading Elders apostatized and turned against the Prophet seeking to take his life, but God warned him to rise up by night and depart for Missouri which he did and as fast as possible all the faithful followed, and those who could not do so but were forced to stay another winter were hunted, harassed, robbed and mobbed by apostates and among that number I was one although at the same time my house was a hiding place for old father Joseph Smith his sons Carlos and Samuel and many others. In my house the mummies and Egyptian Records were hid to keep from sworn destruction by apostates." 2852: 1015: 2717: 2763: 2251: 745: 2778: 2275: 1070:

adequate to the defraying all the expence which might accrue by the purchase. I therefore managed the business in relation to the purchase with the same confidence that I had previously done business which I thought would result in the good of the church. Previous to closing the contrat with Chandler I made arangements with S. Andrews for to take one third part and yourself & Co. one third leaving one third to be borne by myself. Andrews soon paid his $ 800 I took $ 800 out of Geauga Bank which paid a large portion of my share.

481: 2362:, of which the Joseph Smith papyri fragment is an example. Of those twenty-nine, eighteen have vignettes associated with them. Although no two facsimiles are completely identical, there are common features among all. A comparison of the Book of Abraham facsimiles with these other documents indicates that, although the Book of Abraham Facsimile No. 1 (derived from JSP I) is unique, these differences are not significant enough to indicate that they are anything other than a representation of an Egyptian re-animation scene from the 1491:

picture part of it. When I saw this picture, I knew that it had appeared in the Pearl of Great Price. ... I consider it a great honor to have been able to make this discovery. Great discoveries are always accidental, and this one was as accidental as any discovery I have made—and probably more exciting than all of them. It was an honor to have been able to persuade such an august body as the Metropolitan Museum to present it to another body as august as the Mormon Church. I feel flattered to have been able to do what I did.

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official position taken by the LDS church on the papyri is that "Mormon and non-Mormon Egyptologists agree that the characters on the fragments do not match the translation given in the book of Abraham." Given this, some Mormon apologists have postulated that the Book of Abraham manuscript was appended to the end of this scroll, and is no longer extant. The evidence for this claim is 1840s and 1850s accounts from visitors to Nauvoo who viewed the papyri after they had been separated and framed.

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speculated on the identity of the mummies: "These strangers illustrious from their antiquity, may have lived in the days of Jacob, Moses, or David." He stayed at the Riggs Hotel, and called on Joseph Smith in the evening of his arrival. Busy with a commitment that evening, Smith agreed to meet with Chandler the following morning. Joseph Smith was allowed to take the papyrus home, and the next morning returned them with a short translation of some characters copied down by Oliver Cowdery (see

1241: 2405: 2228: 1553: 1430: 2436: 777:, who was also in Egypt for the same reason that gave him a job as his agent in Thebes. Lebolo stayed in Egypt from 1817–1822. Part of Lebolo's employment responsibilities were to undertake excavations of Egyptian antiquities to later sell. He led teams of sometimes hundreds of locals, digging throughout the Theban Necropolis, in the valley of the Kings, Queens and Nobles. Items that he excavated found their way into many modern collections, including major contributions to the 2045: 1992: 2110: 1837: 2208: 1720: 346: 2166: 1667: 7678: 863:

three thousand years ago. The features of some of these Mummies are in perfect expression.-The papyrus, covered with black or red ink, or paint, in excellent preservation, are very interesting. The undersigned, unsolicited by any person connected by interest with this exhibition, have voluntarily set their names hereunto, for the simple purpose of calling the attention of the public to an interesting collection, not sufficiently known in this city.

42: 7690: 679: 7702: 1121: 5554: 3967:"The four sarcophagi had been placed in the Huntington home for safekeeping. Apostates and other enemies of the Church in Kirtland, Ohio were attempting to attach all Church property. To protect the mummies from seizure, they were removed from the temple and stored under Zina's bed. These were the mummies purchased by the Church along with the hieroglyphic manuscript of the book of Abraham." 1107:, learning Hebrew, and administering a growing church. On February 17, 1836, Joseph Coe was given the mummies and papyri to show and earn money. He hired a room at John Johnson's inn to exhibit them. The west room on the top floor of the Kirtland Temple was set aside as a translation room, and by August 1836, the papyri had been transferred there. On November 2, 1837, 871:. After Philadelphia, the unsold six mummies along with the papyri moved on to Baltimore during July and August 1833. They stayed at the Baltimore Museum, and proved to be very popular. Chandler expanded his stay there from a planned two weeks to five weeks. The following advertisement appeared in several newspapers, placed by the manager of the museum: 1061:, and Simeon Andrews purchased the four mummies and at least five papyrus documents for $ 2,400, which is about $ 70,000 in 2019 US dollars. Joseph Smith wanted to purchase only the papyri, but Chandler would not sell the papyri without the mummies. This was a significant expense for the church, which at the same time was also constructing an expensive 1523:

least 1908. Todd referenced an entry in the Church Historian's Office files dated Wednesday, October 17, 1855, describing several items which were being transferred to the newly constructed Historian's Office, including "three plates of the Book of Abraham" and a "red box with papers, blanks, journal, stereotype and plates".

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Egyptologist Klaus Baer stated: "The Metropolitan Museum was fully aware of what the papyri were when they first saw them in 1918, and they knew what they were doing when they acquired them. I saw photographs of them for the first time in 1963, I believe, and was asked at the time, on my honor not to

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Wolfe, S. J., & Singerman, R. (2009). Mummies in nineteenth century America: Ancient Egyptians as artifacts. Jefferson, NC: McFarland &. page 117. "On 19 February 1843, a girl by the name of Charlotte Haven visited the Smiths, and left this account of another visit to the mummies, who were at

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William Craig and Winthrop Sargent were business partners of an importing business in Philadelphia that sued Michael Chandler for $ 6,000 worth of "goods, wares and merchandise" in a series of lawsuits from 1838 - 1853. It is speculated that this is the lawsuit referenced by Joseph Coe (see previous

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belonging to the priest Hôr (also known as Horus). Portions of the papyri from JSP X and XI were damaged, and re-pasted incorrectly into lacunae in JSP IV, but do not belong to JSP IV. The handwriting was identified as being "of the late Ptolemaic or early Roman Period, about the time of Christ". Jan

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records that Heusser brought "eight or ten fragments of papyri" for inspection "in connection with the effort made by Bishop Spaulding of Utah about 1912 to obtain confirmation ... that Joseph Smith's supposed translations of sacred Egyptian texts on which he founded his 'Pearl of Great Price' were a

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Modern Egyptologists recognize it as a portion of the Book of the Dead for a man called Amenhotep. Unlike many other Egyptian funerary texts, there is no consistent or standard Book of the Dead, and Egyptians would pick and choose which spells (or chapters) they wanted in their scroll to assist them

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The representation of the god-head--three, yet in one, is curiously drawn to give simply, though impressively, the writers views of that exalted personage. The serpent, represented as walking, or formed in a manner to be able to walk, standing in front of, and near a female figure, is to me, one of

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Although I was already aware that your version of the discovery of these documents had caused considerable confusion, it was startling to read that you had informed me of their existence. While I have taken pains to avoid any outright contradictions of what you said, I do not see why either I or the

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reported, "In addition to the mummies that were intact, there were some fragments of others, including a limb of that Pharaoh's daughter who rescued Moses when he had been exposed to the crocodiles in the bulrushes of the Nile. The mummies themselves, we were told with the same assurance, were great

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The collection was first located on the second floor of Joseph Smith's log cabin. Elizabeth Clements Kimball, a young girl living in Nauvoo, described seeing them: "The mummies were kept in the attic where they wouldn't be destroyed and in those days there weren't any stairways in the houses such as

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belonged to a person named Sheshonq. Hypocephali were disk shaped writings placed under the heads of their dead. The circle was believed to magically protect the deceased and cause the head and body to be enveloped in light and warmth, making the deceased divine. It replaced the earlier cow-amulet.

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is a guide to the dead, assisting in leading the deceased through the underworld. Anubis is typically portrayed with a jackal's head to include spiked ears, narrow eyes and long snout. While the spiked ear, and narrow eyes are present, the long snout is not. Close analysis of the printing plates of

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The papyri have been translated several times by both Mormon and non-Mormon Egyptologists. Disagreements between translations are minor, and do not change the main theme of the document. The Breathing Permit begins with a preamble, an address to the deceased Hôr, introducing who he is, and wishing

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that contained the near full size sepia color reproductions of the papyri, Jay M. Todd, editorial associate for the magazine, discussed the discovery of a fragment which had been stored with the manuscript of the Egyptian Alphabet and Grammar and had been in the Church Historian's archives since at

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conducted us, at our request, to an upper room, where he drew aside the curtains of a case; and showed us several Egyptian Mummies. ... The embalmed body that stands near the centre of the case, said he, is one of the Pharaohs, who sat upon the throne of Egypt; and the female figure by its side was

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These are very important documents for the LDS Church. Here we have the papyri themselves, both ancient documents, also nineteenth century documents in the sense that they really made a mark, they were part of LDS history, and to divide the ancient context with the nineteenth century context proves

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Between April 1833 and June 1835, Michael Chandler toured the eastern United States, displaying and selling seven of the mummies as he went along. In April 1833, he displayed them first at the masonic hall and then the arcade in Philadelphia. His display attracted large crowds wherever he went. The

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to sell them. The mummies were shipped to New York sometime between 1830 and 1833, where they ended up in the hands of Michael Chandler no later than March 1833. Chandler claimed multiple times to be the nephew of Lebolo; however, this is almost certainly untrue. All evidence suggests that Chandler

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H. Donl Peterson wrote, "Whether all four mummies and the entire papyrus collection were in Missouri or not is difficult to determine, since very few records exist that mention them at all." Peterson, H. D. (2008). The story of the book of Abraham: Mummies, manuscripts, and Mormonism. Springville,

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Joseph Coe, one of the purchasers of the mummies wrote, "Chandler was only an agent acting under some men in Philadeplphia ... they him and was allowed the sum which he sold them to me for viz. $ 2400. It also appeared on the trial that the out goes while Chandler was exhibiting them exceeded the

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for Ta-Sherit-Min), and the judgement scene is very common, it is possible that he was describing a similar, no longer existing version of the same scene from the Ta-Sherit-Min scroll. It is also possible that Cowdery conflated the two in his mind, thinking that the Nefer-ir-nebu vignette actually

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The inner end of the same roll, (Joseph's record,) presents a representation of the judgement: At one view you behold the Savior seated upon his throne, crowned, and holding the sceptres of righteousness and power, before whom also, are assembled the twelve tribes of Israel, the nations, languages

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The length of the scroll and the possibility that the Book of Abraham could have been appended to the end of it have been the source of great controversy and much research. It is not uncommon for texts to be appended to funerary rolls, however a non-funerary text would be unique. The length of the

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came. This is based on the inclusion of Facsimile #1 (JSP I) and #3 from this scroll in the Book of Abraham, and titled by Joseph Smith as "from the Book of Abraham". Further evidence is that characters from this scroll were sequentially copied into the Book of Abraham translation manuscripts. The

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After the fire, it was believed that all the papyri sources for the book had been lost. Unbeknownst to most, Abel Combs still owned several papyri fragments and two mummies (the latter have disappeared). The papyri were given to Combs' nurse Charlotte Benecke Weaver upon his death on July 5, 1892,

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Sometime before spring of 1838 (probably late 1837), at least some of the papyri were cut up, pasted onto paper, and some mounted under glass in frames. Presumably this was to preserve the papyri, as continuous unrolling and handling of ancient scrolls would take a toll. Papyrus fragments I and II

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Jensen, Robin Scott, and Brian M. Hauglid, eds. Revelations and Translations, Volume 4: Book of Abraham and Related Manuscripts. Facsimile edition. Vol. 4 of the Revelations and Translations series of The Joseph Smith Papers, edited by Ronald K. Esplin, Matthew J. Grow, Matthew C. Godfrey, and R.

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and the Brethren" and "Chief Banquejappa of the Pottawatomie tribe" during which the Chief gave Brigham Young "two sheets of hieroglyphics from the Book of Abraham" and a letter dated 1843 that had been given to them by Joseph Smith. Todd referred to the background of the Historian's fragment as

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Some of the paper the papyri were mounted on contained plans for the Kirtland Temple and maps of northern Ohio. Even though the papyri would be better preserved if the paper backing were removed, doing so would destroy important historical documents. Church Historian Robin Jensen commented on the

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This is to make known to all who may be desirous, concerning the knowledge of Mr. Joseph Smith, jr, in deciphering the ancient Egyptian hierogliphic characters, in my possession, which I have, in many eminent cities, shown to the most learned: And, from the information that I could ever learn, or

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Looking to make a sale, Chandler brought four mummies, two scrolls, and additional papyrus fragments to Kirtland, Ohio (then headquarters of the LDS Church) in late June or early July 1835. Upon entering a city to display his mummies, Chandler would post a placard or handbill around the town that

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The relic forms are of three males and one female-of mature age, and two of them at least, evidently far advanced in life at the period of their deaths. ...There was found deposited in the arms of the old man referred to above, a book of ancient form and construction, which, to us, was by far the

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Reconstruction of the remaining fragments of the "Breathing Permit" of Hor (Book of Breathing for Horos). Facsimile 3 is believed to be the end of the "Breathing Permit", and hence the end of the scroll. There are about two columns of missing text from the Breathing Permit after Fragment B. The

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The accounts from eyewitnesses consistently maintain that Smith presented the mummies as those of a Pharaoh and his royal household. Most commonly, Smith and his mother Lucy Mack Smith referred to them as Pharaoh Onitas, his wife, and their two daughters, one of whom was named Katumin. They said

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Where the mummies and papyri were and when is murky during the next few months and years. It appears that the mummies and papyri were at one point in possession of the now dissident Warren Parrish, and possibly Joseph Coe. A perplexing legal document signed by Joseph Smith Jr. on January 4, 1838

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The first movement was to sue Joseph for debt, and, with this pretense, seize upon every piece of property belonging to any of the family. Joseph then had in his possession four Egyptian mummies, with some ancient records that accompanied them. These the mob swore they would take, and then burn

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I was some-what involved, and unable to sustain a heavier burthen any great length of time. but having all confidence in the utility of the collection, and being assured by yourself that the burthen would be but temporary; that the profits arising from the work when translated would be more than

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The citizens are respectfully informed that the Manager has received from the vicinity of Thebes, that celebrated city of Ancient Egypt, six strangers, illustrious from their antiquity, count, probably an existence of at least one thousand years anterior to the advent of our blessed Saviour, and

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Having examined with considerable attention and deep interest, a number of Mummies from the catacombs, near Thebes, in Egypt, and now exhibited in the Arcade, we beg leave to recommend them to the observation of the curious inquirer on subjects of a period so long elapsed; probably not less than

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Sometime while he was there he excavated 11 mummies and accompanying papyri, from which came the Joseph Smith Papyri collection. It appears that Drovetti allowed Lebolo to personally excavate in the Valley of the Nobles, as this collection was personally maintained by Lebolo and not passed on to

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For the distribution of the manuscript fragments, see John Gee, "Eyewitness, Hearsay, and Physical Evidence of the Joseph Smith Papyri," in The Disciple as Witness: Essays on Latter-day Saint History and Doctrine in Honor of Richard Lloyd Anderson, ed. Stephen D. Ricks et al. (Provo, UT: FARMS,

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the daily setting and rising of the sun was a symbol of death and rebirth. The hypocephalus represented all that the sun encircles: the world of the living, over which it passed during the day, was depicted in the upper half, and that of the dead, which it crossed during the night, in the lower

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stands by Ammit and records the judgement. In front of Osiris are the four sons of Horus (see also canopic jars from Facsimile 1 in the JSP I) standing by, protecting the internal organs of the deceased during the judgement. Halfway down the Lilly stand, above two plant shaped wine jars are two

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While I was in one of the dim rooms where everything was brought to me, something caught my eye, and I asked one of my assistants to take me behind the bars into the storehouse of documents so that I could look some more. While there I found a file with these documents. I at once recognized the

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in the United States for mummies and Egypt. Chandler's exhibit of eleven mummies was the largest ever up to that point in the United States. While Chandler was in Philadelphia, a doctor named W. E. Horner gathered six other doctors and gave Chandler an unsolicited endorsement of his collection:

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continues for another four paragraphs (paragraphs 11–14). These final paragraphs typically include continued discussion of Hôr entering the afterlife, an abbreviated Negative Confession where Hôr would proclaim before gods and demons that he had not committed a variety of sins, and, finally, a

1203:. As such, information about the location of the mummies and papyri over the next two years is scant. William Swartzell described seeing the mummies in his journal, which he later published as an anti-Mormon pamphlet. The May 24, 1838 entry states that he saw "Joseph Smith's box of mummies" in 569:

Funerary papyrus scroll fragment made for Nefer-ir-nebu (also Neferirtnub, Noufianoub) showing a vignette with the deceased standing before Osiris, waiting to have her heart weighed on a balance against a feather to determine if she is worthy of further existence or having her soul devoured by

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With our readers, the staff of The Improvement Era will be looking forward with eager anticipation to additional developments in this fascinating story, and the unfolding of the meaning of the hieroglyphics and illustrations on these valuable manuscripts as they are given by Dr. Nibley in his

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By 1840, the mummies and papyri had arrived in Nauvoo, Illinois. On June 20, 1840, Joseph Smith asked to be relieved of temporal duties to "engage more particularly in the spiritual welfare of the saints and also, to the translation of the Egyptian Records." Between March and May 1842, Smith

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The last of June four Egyptian mummies were brought here; there were two papyrus rolls, besides some other ancient Egyptian writings with them. As no one could translate these writings, they were presented to President Smith. He soon knew what they were and said they, the 'rolls of papyrus,'

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By February 19, 1843, they had moved to the cabin of Lucy Mack Smith, the mother of Joseph Smith. Lucy began to take the lead on displaying the mummies, a way to support her in her old age, charging 25 cents for admission. It appears that the body of at least one of the mummies had begun to

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Somewhere in Chandler's travels between his exhibitions in Philadelphia and Baltimore, his collection was reduced by three mummies. Coincidentally, in the spring of 1834, a museum opened in Detroit with three mummies, but was destroyed by fire in 1842. Though not conclusive, this is strong

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Because the collection was later sold and divided and parts of it were lost in the Great Chicago Fire, its exact contents are unknown. However, based on what is still in existence, it can be concluded that there were at least 5 separate funerary documents as shown in the following table:

2652:. In the scene, Osiris sits on his throne and presides over the judgement of Nefer-ir-nebu. Prior to her judgement, Nefer-ir-nebu will go before 42 gods and goddesses and give her negative confession, proclaiming innocence to a list of 42 crimes. Her heart is on a scale, where the Gods 920:

most interesting part of the exhibition. Its leaves were of bark, in length some 10 or 12 inches and 3 or 4 in width. The ends are somewhat decayed, but at the centre the leaves are in a state of perfect preservation. ...There is another book, more decayed, and much less neatly written.

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The Metropolitan Museum knew what the papyri were before Aziz Atiya visited. The museum acquisition list for 1947 states "papyrus fragments of hieratic Books of the Dead, once the property of the Mormon leader Joseph Smith." Museum curator Henry Fischer responded in a letter to Atiya:

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The Prophet Joseph having learned the value of the ancient writings was very anxious to obtain them, and expressed himself willing to purchase them. But Chandler told him he would not sell the writings unless he could sell the mummies, for it would detract from the curiosity of his

971:, a pseudoscience popular at the time that sought to predict mental traits from the physical features of the cranium. He would remove the skulls from the body, fill each skull with buckshot, and then weigh the skull to determine the cavity size. Today, these two skulls reside in the 2522:

was less standardized. Prospective deceased would pick and choose which spells (sometimes referred to as chapters) they wanted in their book to assist them, as such, there is a wide variance between different versions across its long history of use. While modern scholars have

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Based on where they were found, and the writings found on them, the mummies are not believed to have been Pharoahs, but priests and nobles from the Ptolemaic era of Egypt (323–30 BCE). No known Pharaohs or their family members have names that resemble "Onitus" or "Katumin." A

1461:, and asked if he would be an intermediary between the museum and the LDS Church, to see if the church would be interested in purchasing their ten fragments. Fischer stated that an anonymous donation to the museum made it possible for the LDS Church to acquire the papyri. 1111:

and Reuben Hedlock were appointed for "procuring means to translate and print the records taken from the Catacombs of Egypt, then in the Temple." Hedlock would go on in 1842 to carve the woodcuts to the printing plates that became the Book of Abraham facsimiles.

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Scholars conclude that the recovered papyri are portions of the originals partly based on the fact that the fragments were pasted onto paper which had "drawings of a temple and maps of the Kirtland, Ohio area" on the back and were accompanied by an affidavit by

457:], saturated with the same bitumen, which, when examined, proved to be two rolls of papyrus, previously mentioned. I may add that two or three other small pieces of papyrus, with astronomical calculations, epitaphs, etc were found with others of the Mummies. 1418: 1393: 1531:"most puzzling", and stated that William Lund and Earl Olsen, assistant Church Historians, did not recall any information about the fragment except that it had been there with the Egyptian Alphabet and Grammar throughout their service, which dated to 1911. 1095:

reported, "Williams has commenced traveling about the country, and will, no doubt, gull multitudes into a belief of the truth." A Cincinnati newspaper reported that the tour was unsuccessful: "The mummies were soon sent out for exhibition by one of their

427:(LDS Church) and, in 1966, reached out to church leaders to notify them of their collection. The LDS Church acquired the fragments in 1967. The rediscovery of the papyri sparked renewed interest and scholarship. Due to the importance of the papyri to the 6952: 4587:

Marquardt, H. Michael "Joseph Smith's Egyptian Papers: A History" published in Ritner, Robert Kriech. The Joseph Smith Egyptian Papyri: a Complete Edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the Hypocephalus of Sheshonq. The Smith Pettit Foundation, 2013. page

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and tongues of the earth, the kingdoms of the world over which satan is represented as reigning, Michael the archangel, holding the key of the bottomless pit, and at the same time the devil as being chained and shut up in the bottomless pit.

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Joseph Smith taught that the two rolls were literally written by the Ancient Patriarchs Abraham and Joseph. Independent sources have him pointing to places on the papyri and identifying various hieroglyphics as the signature of Abraham.

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tell anyone where they were and to keep the whole thing confidential." Klaus Baer, letter to Jerald Tanner, 13 August 1968, quoted in Boyd Jay Petersen, Hugh Nibley: A Consecrated Life (Salt Lake City: Greg Kofford Books, 2002), 316.

967:(one of the seven doctors who provided an unsolicited endorsement), who bought them for Philadelphia's Academy of Natural Sciences. These were dissected by Dr. Morton in front of other Academy members. Dr. Morton was interested in 400:, which he said was an inspired translation from the papyri. The consensus among both Mormon and non-Mormon scholars is that the characters on the surviving papyrus fragments do not match Smith's translation. A translation of the 3275:

Chandler was born in Ireland in 1797, and genealogists have been unable to find any connection to the Italian born Lebolo. Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg

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Kerry Muhlestein, Assessing the Joseph Smith Papyri: An Introduction to the Historiography of their Acquisitions, Translations, and Interpretations. Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship 22 (2016):

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deteriorate. Charlotte Haven, a young girl who visited Nauvoo, wrote to her mother, " took up what seemed to be a club wrapped in a dark cloth, and said "This is the leg of pharaoh's daughter, the one who saved Moses." The

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these names were obtained through revelation. Mack Smith would sometimes refer to one of the mummies as "Pharaoh's daughter, the one who saved Moses." One eyewitness wrote that he was told the Pharaoh's name was "Necho."

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The last section is the main body of the breathing document. It contains ten paragraphs of various declarations of hope for a successful afterlife, as well as attestations of ultimate justification and further existence.

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By taking the length of current fragments, and estimating how much space would have been taken by the missing section of the Book of Breathing, the size of the scroll has been estimated to be between 150 and 156 cm.

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had failed, and many who had lost significant sums of money channeled their anger at Joseph Smith. This culminated with Smith fleeing in the middle of the night on January 12, 1838, leaving the mummies and papyri behind.

773:, serving in his military and law enforcement. In the years following Napoleon's fall from power in 1815, Lebolo left his family and went to Egypt in order to escape the problems of Europe. He had a prominent friend, 4598: 3118:, Joseph Smith's Egyptian Papers: A History. Printed in Ritner, Robert Kriech. The Joseph Smith Egyptian Papyri: a Complete Edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the Hypocephalus of Sheshonq. The Smith Pettit Foundation, 2013. 2424:, and guide of the dead Anubis. At the top of the scene is a row of stars, representing the sky. The presentation of the deceased to Osiris is a common scene in Egyptian funerary literature, and has its antecedent in 1352:

later recollected that "Uncle William undertook a lecturing tour, and secured the mummies and case of records, as the papyrus was called, as an exhibit and aid to making his lectures more attractive and lucrative."

7634: 2420:(standing) after having been judged worthy to continue existence. Hor is adorned in Egyptian festival attire with a cone of perfumed grease and a lotus flower on his head. He is escorted by the goddess of justice 2478:

Interestingly, the invocation to Osiris at the bottom of the vignette reads from left to right, not right to left, and indicates the direction the prayer was going (from the direction of Hor/Anubis, to Osiris).

1360:. Mack Smith continued to display them to derive income. On May 25, 1856, just a couple of weeks after the death of Lucy Mack Smith, Emma sold "four Egyptian mummies with the records with them" to Abel Combs. 7335: 4524:

Henry G. Fischer to Aziz S. Atiya, 2 January 1968, Aziz Atiya Collection, Accn 480, Bx 40, fd 1, Manuscripts Division, J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah, Salt Lake City. As quoted in Gee, John

1279:

monarchs, pharaohs, kings, and queens of Egypt! Two were in perfect condition, but the other two were badly mutilated. The skull of one was fractured and a piece of the chest had been torn from the other."

3706:

Orson Pratt, in Journal of Discourses, 25 Aug. 1878, 20:65. Coe later remembered that Smith's reason for purchasing the Egyptian artifacts was to produce a translation of the papyri. (J. Coe to JS, 1 Jan.

6957: 4204:

Journal History, January 31, 1848, Archives Division, Church Historical Department. As printed in Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008.

1387:

fraud." Then, in late 1945, a curator at the museum noticed the memorandum and tracked down Heusser's widower, Edward Heusser, making an offer for purchase of the papyri, which was accepted in 1946.

6994: 6642: 4054:

Peterson, H. D. (2008). The story of the book of Abraham: Mummies, manuscripts, and Mormonism. Springville, UT: CFI. pg 183-184. From an account written by her daughter. The full account states:

2732:

as a short history of a Princess Katumin, daughter of Pharaoh Onitas. Several Egyptian characters from this section were written down inverted for an unknown reason, and appear as a mirror image.

7281: 7009: 6893: 6766: 1100:, but being unsuccessful, he brought them back to Kirtland and threw them aside. There is reason to believe, that many who come here with high expectations, have met with sore disappointments." 1129:

suffered damage, and patches had begun to fall off. At least forty-seven of these patches were pasted onto completely separate and unrelated areas on papyrus fragments IV, V, X, VIII, and IX.

2613: 1322:. Ownership of church property became a matter of confusion, as the church was "organized", rather than "incorporated", with Joseph Smith being the trustee-in-trust for all church property. 1091:. It appears that, from late July to at least October, Frederick G. Williams was in possession of the mummies, and, according to one antagonistic newspaper, had begun to tour with them. The 7276: 7209: 6861: 7105: 325: 932:

No. 1-4 feet 11 inches, female-supposed age 60; ... There was found with this person a roll or book having a little resemblance to birch bark; ... ink black and red, many female figures.

7172: 7140: 7031: 4325:

Ritner puts the date in 1947, but cites Peterson, who puts the date at 1946. Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg 233

944:] 4 ft 4 1-2-male, very old, say 80; ... had a roll of writing as no. 1 & 2; superior head, it will compare in the regions of the sentiments with any in our land; passions mild. 808:

Theban Tomb 32 is presented as a possibility based on Lebolo actually carving his name in the tunnel-passage, and the existence of other finds of his that probably came from this tomb.

7165: 7004: 1161:

every one of them. Accordingly, they obtained an execution upon them for an unjust debt of fifty dollars; but by various stratagems, we succeeded in keeping them out of their hands.

7078: 5983: 5162:

Ritner, R. K. (2013). The Joseph Smith Egyptian papyri: A complete edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the hypocephalus of Sheshonq. Salt Lake City: The Smith Pettit Foundation. Page 257

3538:

Early Days in Detroit; Papers Written by General Friend Palmer, of Detroit, Being His Personal Reminiscences of Important Events and Descriptions of the City for over Eighty Years

1371:. Wood was particularly proud of these objects and had them prominently displayed for all to see. Unfortunately, the museum and all its contents were destroyed in 1871 during the 3584:

William W. Phelps, Kirtland, OH, to Sally Waterman Phelps, Liberty, MO, 19 and 20 July 1835, in Phelps, "Letters of Faith from Kirtland," 529; Whitmer, History, 76, in JSP, H2:86

801:

have been named as possible candidates. Theban tomb 33 is frequently visited by LDS tour groups, and often given as the place where they were excavated based on a description by

7266: 4818:

Ritner, R. K. (2013). The Joseph Smith Egyptian papyri: A complete edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the hypocephalus of Sheshonq. Salt Lake City: The Smith Pettit Foundation. pg 109

3813: 3167:

Ritner, R. K. (2013). The Joseph Smith Egyptian papyri: A complete edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the hypocephalus of Sheshonq. Salt Lake City: The Smith Pettit Foundation. Page74

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Ritner, R. K. (2013). The Joseph Smith Egyptian papyri: A complete edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the hypocephalus of Sheshonq. Salt Lake City: The Smith Pettit Foundation. Page 6

1587:

article. Other designations were given by the Metropolitan Museum of Art and various Egyptologists and scholars that analyzed the fragments. The designations established by the

4572:"Ashment, Edward "Joseph Smith's Identification of "Abraham" in Papyrus JS 1, the"Breathing Permit of Hor". Dialogue:A Journal of Mormon Thought, Vol 33 Issue 4, pages 121-126" 1065:, and caring for many financially destitute immigrants. Joseph Coe wrote in an 1844 letter to Joseph Smith about how the funds were raised in this financially difficult time: 6989: 2870: 7477: 6475: 5097:

Ritner, Robert Kriech. The Joseph Smith Egyptian Papyri: a Complete Edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the Hypocephalus of Sheshonq. The Smith Pettit Foundation, 2013. Page 188.

4129:, as published in Wolfe, S. J., & Singerman, R. (2009). Mummies in nineteenth century America: Ancient Egyptians as artifacts. Jefferson, NC: McFarland &. page 118 2664:, representing truth and justice. If it is neither too heavy or too light, but perfectly balanced, Nefer-ir-nebu will exist forever. If her heart is unbalanced, the beast 5106:

Ritner, Robert Kriech. The Joseph Smith Egyptian Papyri: a Complete Edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the Hypocephalus of Sheshonq. The Smith Pettit Foundation, 2013. Page 221

5050:

Ritner, R. K. (2013). The Joseph Smith Egyptian papyri: A complete edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the hypocephalus of Sheshonq. Salt Lake City: The Smith Pettit Foundation.

3803:

Ritner, Robert Kriech. The Joseph Smith Egyptian Papyri: a Complete Edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the Hypocephalus of Sheshonq. The Smith Pettit Foundation, 2013. page 329

7656: 7433: 6883: 6495: 5001:

Ritner, Robert Kriech. The Joseph Smith Egyptian Papyri: a Complete Edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the Hypocephalus of Sheshonq. The Smith Pettit Foundation, 2013. page171

4363:

Ritner, Robert Kriech. The Joseph Smith Egyptian Papyri: a Complete Edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the Hypocephalus of Sheshonq. The Smith Pettit Foundation, 2013. Page 64

640: 440: 188: 7753: 7705: 7046: 6597: 6165: 5961: 5917: 5659: 1518:

In addition to the ten fragments that were discovered at the Metropolitan Museum, another fragment was located. In the same article in the February 1968 issue of the

6314: 2820:

version of that period contain directions for the making and use of hypocephali. No two hypocephali are the same, and there are just over 100 known samples of them.

2530:

The spell arrangement and textual variants are very similar to that of other early Ptolemaic era papyri, including the Ryerson Papyrus. The surviving portion of the

4766: 7681: 7559: 7100: 516:

Funerary scroll made for a Theban Priest name Horus (also Horos, Hor). It is among the earliest known copies of the Book of Breathing. Sometimes referred to as a

6679: 5951: 5941: 5815: 4957:

Ritner, Robert Kriech. The Joseph Smith Egyptian Papyri: a Complete Edition ; P. JS 1-4 and the Hypocephalus of Sheshonq. The Smith Pettit Foundation, 2013.

1335: 5010:

Rhodes, Michael D. The Hôr Book of Breathings: a Translation and Commentary. Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, Brigham Young University, 2002.

963:

Only four of the seven mummies Chandler sold before he met Joseph Smith have a current known location. Two mummies were sold by Chandler in Philadelphia to Dr.

5904: 4613:

was told by Smith, "That is the handwriting of Abraham, the Father of the Faithful" Josiah Quincy, Figures of the Past from the Leaves of Old Journals, 386-387

1050:

would not be published in Europe until 1836, and dictionary until 1841), it is unlikely that Chandler could so authoritatively make such a claim. According to

2336:

scroll can also be estimated by looking at recurring damage caused by scroll windings, but even this has been debated. The editors of the LDS Church-funded

1482:

The role played by Atiya in the discovery has been disputed. He characterized himself as the principal discoverer of the papyrus, relating the story in the

1207:. In his July 26, 1838 entry he writes that he saw men gathering logs for Joseph Smith's house, "in which he intends translating the heiroglyphics [ 718:

A scroll from one of the mummies has been identified as belonging to an Egyptian priest named Horos, who came from an important family of Theban Priests of

5707: 4000:

William Appleby wrote in his journal that the mummies and papyri went straight from Kirtland to Nauvoo. William I. Appleby journal in Backman and Perkins,

1348:

in charge of affairs there. Babbitt wrote to Young on January 31, 1848, "Uncle William has got the mummies from Mother Smith and refuses to give them up."

1326:, Joseph Smith's brother, seems to have taken control of the mummies and papyrus at this time. In two letters dated 2 and 19 December 1846, William asked 5586: 4677:

Wolfe, S. J., & Singerman, R. (2009). Mummies in nineteenth century America: Ancient Egyptians as artifacts. Jefferson, NC: McFarland &. page 120

4656:

Wolfe, S. J., & Singerman, R. (2009). Mummies in nineteenth century America: Ancient Egyptians as artifacts. Jefferson, NC: McFarland &. page 117

3908:

Wolfe, S. J., & Singerman, R. (2009). Mummies in nineteenth century America: Ancient Egyptians as artifacts. Jefferson, NC: McFarland &. page 115

2811: 5080: 2543: 1199:

The LDS Church faced difficult times in 1838 and 1839, including expulsion from Missouri, Joseph Smith being jailed, and relocating its headquarters to

7601: 5371: 5345: 2341: 2408:

Translation of Book of Abraham Facsimile #3. The translation was done by Michael Rhodes, a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

867:

Chandler had this "Certificate of the Learned" made into a placard that was circulated wherever he went, including two years later when he arrived in

1417: 2601: 2551: 1260:

we have now, and in order to get to the attic one had to climb a ladder which was straight up along the wall." In April 1840, a reporter from the

1103:

In January 1836, work on the translation of the papyri stopped, as Joseph Smith focused on other projects and events, such as the building of the

6587: 5912: 2589: 424: 1124:

Backside of the mounted Joseph Smith Papyri, not to scale. Paper on which it was mounted included the Kirtland Temple and map of northern Ohio.

876:

contemporaries; if so, of the first Sovereigns of Israel, viz: Saul and David. They are by no means insignificant aspirants to public patronage.

828: 6263: 3964:, Church Section, November 30, 1963, as quoted by David Henry Jacobs, Utah State Historical Society Seminar, Weber State College, Winter 1977. 332: 3364:

Wolfe, S. J., and Robert Singerman. Mummies in Nineteenth Century America: Ancient Egyptians as Artifacts. McFarland & Co, 2009. pgs 7, 35

2539: 6465: 1356:

At some unknown point, the mummies and papyri were in the possession of Smith's mother, Lucy Mack Smith, who had moved in with Smith's widow

5032: 4470: 3412:

Wolfe, S. J., and Robert Singerman. Mummies in Nineteenth Century America: Ancient Egyptians as Artifacts. McFarland & Co, 2009. pg. 105

3322:

Wolfe, S. J., and Robert Singerman. Mummies in Nineteenth Century America: Ancient Egyptians as Artifacts. McFarland & Co, 2009. pg. 106

2547: 1501:

other members of my department—past and present—should be put in the position of being ignorant about facts we could not fail to have known.

1054:

professor H. Donl Peterson, "At best, could only speculate on the meaning of some of the symbols when they could reach consensus on them."

7512: 6251: 6214: 4645: 3204:

History of the Church 2:348-49 has Oliver Cowdery relaying the following story that Michael Chandler told him that is riddled with errors:

2725: 2711: 1429: 1024: 958: 599: 6578: 6470: 2506:

belong to the lady Ta-sherit-Min" (also Tshemmin, Semminis). Books of the Dead were used from around 1550 BCE to around 50 BCE. Like the

404:

was never published by Smith, but the scroll purported to be the untranslated Book of Joseph has been found to be a copy of the Egyptian

904:. From May 1834 until February 1835, there is no known record of their whereabouts. In February 1835, Chandler displayed the mummies in 7758: 7221: 7021: 6119: 6074: 5172: 3820: 3211:

Lebolo was dead by 1831, and had left Egypt in 1822, so could not have done any of these things mentioned in the quote at those times.

3310:"Crania Aegyptiaca, or, Observations on Egyptian ethnography derived from anatomy, history and the monuments/ by Samuel George Morton" 7748: 7743: 7738: 5936: 5153:

Faulkner, Raymond O., and Ogden Goelet. The Egyptian Book of the Dead: the Book of Going Forth by Day. Chronicle Books, 2015. pg. 151

4028: 3611:

The Times and Seasons published a copy of the placard in 1842, Times and Seasons Vol. III. No. 13. CITY OF NAUVOO, ILL., MAY 2, 1842]

3299:

footnote). Common Pleas Record Book X, Geauga County Courthouse, Chardon, Ohio. Sargent and Craig vs. Chandler (April 7, 1841) 610-12

2875: 1581:

In total, eleven papyrus fragments have been recovered, and are designated I, II, IIIa, IIIb, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, X, and XI in the

108: 25: 415:, the papyri passed through several hands; they were presumed to have reached a museum in Chicago and subsequently destroyed in the 5634: 3638: 2649: 2555: 2425: 6855: 6197: 5579: 2559: 2493: 2443:

The Egyptian gods and goddesses in this vignette are identified by iconography above their heads. Osiris is adorned in the crown

2322: 1464:

On November 27, 1967, the LDS Church announced in a press release the discovery of the missing papyrus. The LDS Church published

3762:

Peterson, H. D. (2008). The story of the book of Abraham: Mummies, manuscripts, and Mormonism. Springville, UT: CFI. pg 119, 120

3563: 2570:

Oliver Cowdery spoke of this papyrus scroll as "Joseph's record". In an 1835 letter he described various vignettes as follows:

2384:

The second section is an instruction to those caring for the body on how and when the Breathing Permit was to be placed on Hôr.

7596: 5495: 5409: 5259: 2353: 1367:. Upon the closing of the St. Louis Museum in 1863, these artifacts were purchased by Col. John H. Wood and found their way to 5473: 4419: 3814:"Kerry M. Muhlestein and Alexander L. Baugh, Journal of the Book of Mormon and Other Restoration Scripture 22/2 (2013): 66–83" 1177:

bed. When Huntington left to join the rest of the church in Missouri, the mummies and papyri were sent to a different family.

7589: 7584: 6754: 6657: 6009: 5796: 5652: 5500: 5414: 5264: 5124: 5068: 4424: 1319: 83: 986:, purchased two of the mummies, one of which Booth said had two rows of teeth. Booth had intended to send them to President 7199: 7058: 6962: 6843: 6627: 6381: 6204: 5642: 5558: 4138:

Peterson, H. D. (2008). The story of the book of Abraham: Mummies, manuscripts, and Mormonism. Springville, UT: CFI. pg 186

3934:

Peterson, H. D. (2008). The story of the book of Abraham: Mummies, manuscripts, and Mormonism. Springville, UT: CFI. pg 131

3887:

Peterson, H. D. (2008). The story of the book of Abraham: Mummies, manuscripts, and Mormonism. Springville, UT: CFI. pg 129

3621: 991: 936:

No. 2-Height 5 ft 1 1-2 inch; female, suppose age 40. found with roll as no. 1, filled with hieroglyphics, rudely executed.

4985: 4571: 3725: 3285: 3074: 2412:

The culminating vignette, also known as facsimile #3, is the presentation of Hor to the Egyptian god of death and rebirth

1573:

is known to have existed; however, he was buried in Sais, near the Nile Delta, far from where the mummies were excavated.

7733: 7728: 7579: 7453: 7357: 6170: 3088: 3003: 1383: 737: 3335: 2535: 439:

There were four mummies, two rolls, and various other fragments of papyri purchased by Joseph Smith and his associates.

7549: 7522: 7502: 7352: 6823: 6258: 6241: 6089: 5688: 5572: 4858: 4029:"From Kirtland, Ohio, to Far West, Missouri: Following the Trail of the Mormon Mummies | Religious Studies Center" 2865: 2488: 999: 550: 401: 3029: 2575:

the greatest representations I have ever seen upon paper, or a writing substance; ... Enoch's Pillar, as mentioned by

1526:

Todd went on to discuss an entry from a personal journal dated Saturday, July 11, 1846, describing a meeting between "

1330:, a leader of one of the factions vying for leadership of the church, for help transporting the mummies and papyri to 7629: 7517: 6778: 6637: 6289: 6236: 5614: 5398: 5379: 5353: 5327: 5136: 4396: 4163: 3148:

Gee, John Laurence. An Introduction to the Book of Abraham. Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University, 2017.

1323: 5202:

William Matthew Flinders Petrie, Edward Russell Ayrton, Charles Trick Currelly, Arthur Edward Pearse Brome Weigall,

4195:

William Smith letters to James J. Strang, Strang MSS, Quaife Collection, University of Utah Library, Salt Lake City.

3845: 7693: 7492: 6729: 6545: 6522: 6434: 6187: 6114: 6039: 6014: 5801: 5786: 5757: 4845:

Marc Coenen, An Introduction to the Document of Breathing Made by Isis, Reveu d'Egyptologie 49 (1998): 38 and n.14.

2857: 2648:

This vignette is a weighing of the heart judgement scene common in Egyptian funerary literature and corresponds to

854: 811:

Before his death on the night of February 18–19, 1830, Lebolo sent the 11 mummies and papyri to Albano Oblasser of

208: 33: 3135: 2375: 7507: 7497: 7399: 7090: 6967: 6664: 6571: 6226: 6209: 6029: 5774: 4622:

Brown, S. M. (2012). In Heaven as it is on Earth: Joseph Smith and the early Mormon conquest of death. New York:

2524: 850: 753: 4875:

Marc Coenen, An Introduction to the Document of Breathing Made by Isis, Reveu d'Egyptologie 49 (1998): pp 40-41.

4015:"Mormonism Exposed: Being a Journal of a Residence in Missouri from the 28th of May to the 20th of August, 1838" 2396:

proclamation of Hôr's purity and readiness to live forever on earth. This would make up about two more columns.

1221:'s store in Far West (Cowdery was not a member in good standing, and it is doubtful he was part of this group). 1147:

The year 1837 was a chaotic time in Kirtland with an estimated 10–15% of the church withdrawing membership. The

7374: 6937: 6808: 6386: 6341: 6177: 6094: 6084: 3287:

income $ 1550." "Letter from Joseph Coe, 1 January 1844," p. 1, The Joseph Smith Papers, accessed July 4, 2019

2340:

project favored the shorter scroll theory, by relegating the longer scroll estimates to speculative footnotes (

4791: 4738: 7231: 7216: 6905: 5946: 5825: 5769: 4186:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. page 192

3176:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg 39-45

2807: 2728:

known as the "Valuable Discovery Notebook" and the "Notebook of Copied Characters." Parts were translated by

318: 5462:

The Joseph Smith Egyptian papyri : a complete edition : P. JS 1-4 and the hypocephalus of Sheshonq

5033:""Facsimile Printing Plates, circa 23 February–16 May 1842," The Joseph Smith Papers, accessed June 5, 2019" 2933: 1375:. Today, it is presumed the papyri which formed the bases for Facsimiles 2 and 3 were lost in this inferno. 704:

period, from sometime between 300 and 100 BC in the ancient Egyptian city of Thebes, near modern-day Luxor.

472:

contained the sacred record kept of Joseph in Pharaoh's Court in Egypt, and the teachings of Father Abraham.

7527: 6246: 6124: 5319: 4635:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg 189

4599:

Eyewitness accounts associated with the Joseph Smith Papyri#Eyewitness Accounts in the Nauvoo Era 1839–1844

4316:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg 231

4155: 3660:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. page 1

3386:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg. 88

3355:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg. 93

3004:"Wilson, John A. The Joseph Smith Egyptian Papyri, Translations and Interpretations; Dialogue Journal 1968" 900:

for a few days. In April and early May, they were shown at the corner of Chartres and St. Louis Streets in

3478:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg 93

3242:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg 74

3233:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg 58

3224:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg 54

3195:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008. pg 51

2783:

Facsimile No. 2 from the 1842 Times and Seasons, with the missing sections (lacunae) incorrectly filled in

2632: 1445:

It was widely believed that the entire collection had perished in the Chicago fire. In the mid-1960s, the

1041: 948:

No. 4-Height 4 ft 9, female. I am inclined to put her age at about 20 or 25; others call her an old woman.

6873: 6054: 5971: 5811: 4213:

Joseph Smith III, "Another book of Abraham, Apocalypse of Abraham," The Saints' Herald, January 11, 1899.

2688:

In an 1835 letter Oliver Cowdery appeared to reference this scene while describing the scroll of Joseph:

1294: 1225: 1170: 1097: 712: 451:...in connection with two of the bodies, were something rolled up with the same kind of linnen [ 3487:

Samuel Morton, "Observations on Egyptian Ethnography, Derived from Anatomy, History, and the Monuments,"

7619: 7409: 7246: 7241: 6942: 6788: 6564: 6192: 6182: 6129: 5647: 3639:"Certificate from Michael Chandler, 6 July 1835," p. 72, The Joseph Smith Papers, accessed May 20, 2019 2620: 2527:, and given them numbers, these numbers are artificial and would have no meaning to ancient Egyptians. 2391:

The document continues, but the remaining fragments are presumed not to have survived. The traditional

1446: 1283: 1244: 972: 841: 420: 113: 4438: 4336: 2314:

This scroll is widely believed by both Mormon and non-Mormon scholars to be the scroll from which the

2293: 511: 173: 7763: 7443: 7394: 7362: 7342: 7325: 7112: 7095: 7014: 6803: 6798: 5966: 5624: 5595: 4383: 2880: 2298:

JSP I, X, XI, and Facsimile #3 can be reassembled to partially reconstruct the scroll containing the

2235: 832:

Only known depiction of any of the eleven mummies in the Michael Chandler collection. From the book

428: 378: 268: 223: 178: 4090:

that time residing in their second Nauvoo home, the cabin of Lucy Mack Smith, the Prophet's mother."

3716:

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. CFI, 2008.

2724:

This papyrus is no longer extant. We only know of the existence because characters were copied into

2697:

As this papyrus fragment came from a different scroll than that associated with the Book of Joseph (

650: 7768: 7661: 7448: 7404: 7347: 7251: 6749: 6744: 6714: 6669: 6500: 5664: 2885: 2769: 2752: 1051: 885: 610: 163: 103: 78: 73: 6556: 7150: 6979: 6932: 6783: 6652: 6104: 6099: 5847: 4623: 4481: 2283: 2259: 2174: 2118: 1633: 1148: 881: 2951:

2000), 188—91; and John Gee, A Guide to the Joseph Smith Papyri (Provo, UT: FARMS, 2000), 10—13.

1045: 726:. His family tree can be reliably reconstructed from independent sources to eight generations. 7534: 7177: 6898: 6818: 6724: 6689: 6231: 6160: 6034: 5791: 3846:"Joseph Smith's Egyptian papers, with Robin Jensen & Brian Hauglid [MIPodcast #92]" 1217:

recalled decades later that Oliver Cowdery read the Book of Abraham for several hours while at

1027:). On July 6, 1835, Chandler produced a certificate authenticating Joseph Smith's translation: 1014: 666: 4374: 4149: 3726:"Letter from Joseph Coe, 1 January 1844," p. 1, The Joseph Smith Papers, accessed July 4, 2019 1534:

The Church Historian's fragment was labeled IX by Hugh Nibley and appears on page 40-H of the

1181:

and his brother Samuel "hired a wagon to bring the mummies and the Record of Abraham, etc" to

908:, just 30 miles south of Kirtland, Ohio, and the next month they were displayed in Cleveland. 7614: 7389: 7320: 6972: 6925: 6512: 6219: 6064: 5999: 5976: 5956: 5619: 3682: 3034: 2716: 1400: 1368: 1315: 1080: 464: 412: 408:, a common funerary document, which contains no references to the biblical patriarch Joseph. 133: 4072: 7438: 7379: 7256: 7226: 7063: 6910: 6134: 6079: 5929: 5821: 5698: 4894: 4388: 4224:

Biographical Sketches of Joseph Smith the Prophet, and His Progenitors for Many Generations

3115: 2986: 2962: 2762: 2743:. However, this is unlikely as the gender of Amenhotep in the Joseph Smith Papyri is male. 2740: 2250: 1450: 964: 897: 837: 5260:"The Breathing Permit of Hor: A Translation of the Apparent Source of the Book of Abraham" 595:

Parts were translated as a short history of a Princess Katumin, daughter of Pharoah Onitas

419:. Not all of the fragments were burned, however, and some were eventually acquired by the 8: 7644: 7160: 6915: 6849: 6832: 6139: 6069: 6059: 6004: 5924: 3946:-January 1855, BYU Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library. His journal entry reads, 2337: 1032:

meet with, I find that of Mr. Joseph Smith, jr. to correspond in the most minute matters.

979: 774: 4967: 4045:

Nauvoo High Council Minute Book, 60-62, Archives Division, Church Historical Department.

2736:

in the afterlife. As such it is impossible to know how large this Book of the Dead was.

1363:

By August 1856, Combs himself had sold "two of mummies, and some of the papyri" to the

1006:

circumstantial evidence that they could be the same mummies from Chandler's collection.

461:

According to Cowdery, these two scrolls contained "the writings of Abraham and Joseph."

7574: 7569: 7384: 7291: 7117: 6888: 6391: 6360: 6299: 5674: 5527: 5519: 5441: 5433: 5291: 5283: 4933: 4913: 3461: 2982: 2439:

Anubis from the original printing plate, where it appears that the nose was scraped off

2359: 1458: 1408: 1372: 1204: 1182: 416: 118: 7689: 7539: 7330: 7315: 7204: 7189: 7125: 6984: 6617: 6517: 6439: 6353: 6326: 5889: 5884: 5806: 5717: 5531: 5445: 5394: 5375: 5349: 5337: 5323: 5295: 5120: 5064: 4937: 4610: 4402: 4392: 4169: 4159: 2836: 2777: 2392: 2363: 2274: 1547: 1454: 1108: 983: 708: 701: 385:

in 1835. Smith said that the papyrus contained the records of the ancient patriarchs

303: 128: 2347: 1556:

Character from the papyri identified by Joseph Smith as the hieroglyph for "Abraham"

1264:

wrote an article describing his visit to Nauvoo, and seeing the mummies and papyri:

480: 7155: 6920: 6868: 6813: 6793: 6674: 6424: 6109: 6049: 6044: 6024: 6019: 5874: 5869: 5693: 5669: 5509: 5479: 5423: 5273: 4925: 4378: 2974: 2816: 2641: 2502: 2429: 1364: 1349: 1345: 1331: 1303: 1229: 1200: 1178: 1174: 998:, owner of the Washington Museum of Curiosities. Varden sold his collection to the 405: 390: 283: 228: 213: 3622:"The Book of Abraham: Dr. John Riggs - The Joseph Smith Papyri and Charles Anthon" 3594: 789:

Drovetti. It is not known exactly which tomb they came from, however Theban tombs

381:. Smith purchased the mummies and papyrus documents from a traveling exhibitor in 7606: 7465: 7286: 7085: 7068: 6999: 6739: 6684: 6607: 6419: 6321: 6309: 5752: 4554: 4443: 4341: 4014: 2791: 2315: 1897:

On the left hand side, the Fourth Section of the Book of the Dead for TaSheritMin

1595: 1583: 1538:

article, with the image heading; "IX. Church Historian's fragment" and the text:

1470: 1307: 1299: 1194: 1153: 1104: 1088: 1062: 527: 397: 68: 47: 3918: 2978: 1797: 1758: 373:

dated between 300 and 100 BC which, along with four mummies, were once owned by

7624: 7487: 7428: 7367: 7236: 7036: 7026: 6719: 6704: 6612: 6455: 6429: 6414: 6376: 6336: 6144: 5894: 5854: 5764: 4884:

Kerry Muhlestein, The Book of Abraham in Its Place,The FARMS Review 17/2 (2005)

2475:

facsimile 3 indicates that the snout might have been present but chiseled off.

1942: 1889: 1084: 987: 868: 802: 762: 657: 444: 382: 168: 158: 123: 5217:

A General Introductory Guide to the Egyptian Collections in the British Museum

3019:"Review of the Year 1947," Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 7/1 (1948): 17. 892:

for four weeks during October and November 1833, and at the Western Museum in

619:

placed under the head of the deceased named Sheshonq (also Shashaq, Sesonchis)

598:

The papyrus is no longer extant. Characters were copied into a notebook (see

541: 7722: 7544: 7073: 6947: 6734: 6622: 6527: 6485: 6331: 6304: 5864: 5859: 5781: 5745: 5740: 5315: 4597:

Visitor William Appleby noted that Joseph had better penmanship than Abraham

2455:(where Thebes is located), with two ostrich feathers on the side. Isis has a 2404: 2227: 1844:

On the right hand side, the Third Section of Book of the Dead for TaSheritMin

1552: 1527: 1341: 1240: 684:

Temple complex in Thebes where Horos would have officiated (see main article

370: 362: 63: 5564: 4515:

Review of the Year 1947, Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 7/1 (1948): 17.

4406: 4173: 3312:. London : J. Penington. December 6, 1844 – via Internet Archive. 2482: 2311:

Quaegebeur has suggested a date in the first half of the second century BC.

1018:

Timeline of the ownership of the Joseph Smith Papyri, as well as the mummies

443:

conflict on the gender of the mummies, indicating it was difficult to tell.

7416: 7135: 6647: 6632: 6532: 6480: 6460: 6348: 5879: 5842: 5469: 4665:

Josiah Quincy, Figures of the Past from the Leaves of Old Journals, 386-387

4540: 2824: 2795: 2729: 2435: 2044: 1327: 1218: 905: 817: 778: 616: 374: 258: 153: 1991: 1399:

Several pieces of papyri were purchased by Col. John H. Wood and moved to

7639: 7145: 6878: 6837: 6284: 3853: 2452: 2207: 2109: 1836: 1719: 995: 901: 794: 218: 5523: 5437: 5287: 3510: 2165: 1666: 1247:

in Nauvoo, one of the locations where the mummies and papyri were housed

345: 7460: 6294: 4420:

The Facsimile Found: The Recovery of Joseph Smith's Papyrus Manuscripts

3309: 2712:

Kirtland Egyptian papers § Notebooks of Copied Egyptian Characters

2584:

Vignettes from TaSheritMin scroll matching Oliver Cowdery's description

2456: 1507: 1465: 1357: 1214: 1058: 1037: 968: 893: 889: 2739:

It has been suggested that Amenhotep is a female mummy located at the

1079:

The latter half of 1835 Joseph Smith and his scribes Cowdery, Phelps,

851:

first complete mummy ever displayed to the public in the United States

656:

Aerial view of Theban Necropolis, east of Luxor, where it is believed

41: 7421: 7296: 6279: 5712: 5609: 5514: 5428: 5278: 4295:

Eric Smith. Salt Lake City: Church Historian's Press, 2018. Pg xxviii

2828: 2800: 2677: 2619:

The deceased striding in front of a pillar which represents the city

723: 4756:

Eric Smith. Salt Lake City: Church Historian's Press, 2018. Page 378

2680:

and Shai, gods of destiny that represent the fate of Nefer-ir-nebu.

678: 592:

Fragment from a funerary scroll made for Amenhotep (also Amen-ophis)

6694: 6586: 5679: 5363: 4929: 4827:

Klaus Baer 1968. The Breathing Permit of Hor, pg. 127, footnote 113

3784:

Eric Smith. Salt Lake City: Church Historian's Press, 2018. pg. 295

2661: 2576: 2464: 2421: 1570: 1379:

who in turn gave them to her daughter, Alice Combs Weaver Heusser.

1228:

to expel the state of "Mormons", Joseph Smith moved his parents to

770: 766: 757:

Location of Theban Necropolis, where the papyri were found in Egypt

672:

One of the Theban Tombs where Lebolo was believed to have excavated

263: 5389:

Reeve, W. Paul; Parshall, Ardis, eds. (2010). "Mormon Scripture".

5081:"Papyrus Ryerson Inscribed with Book of the Dead Spells - Unknown" 4809:

Eric Smith. Salt Lake City: Church Historian's Press, 2018. page 3

4073:"Uncle Dale's Old Mormon Articles: Quincy Whig & Argus (1840)" 3438:

Eric Smith. Salt Lake City: Church Historian's Press, 2018. pg xix

3158:

Eric Smith. Salt Lake City: Church Historian's Press, 2018. Page 3

3089:"The Book of Abraham: 1835 - Improvement Era (1942) - W.W. Phelps" 1548:

Joseph Smith on papyri handwriting and the identity of the mummies

707:

The bodies and papyri were interred west of ancient Thebes in the

7130: 6409: 4853: 4851: 3794:

Eric Smith. Salt Lake City: Church Historian's Press, 2018 page 3

3651:

Eric Smith. Salt Lake City: Church Historian's Press, 2018 pg. xx

3351: 3349: 2348:

Comparison of Joseph Smith Papyrus I with other similar vignettes

1344:

took his faction of the church away from Nauvoo in 1846, leaving

1087:

spent studying the scrolls and translating the first part of the

812: 386: 366: 278: 248: 5117:

Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead: Journey through the afterlife

5061:

Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead: Journey through the afterlife

4646:

Kirtland Egyptian papers#Notebooks of Copied Egyptian Characters

3220: 3218: 546:

Funerary scroll made for Ta-sherit-Min (also Tshemmin, Semminis)

467:, Joseph Smith's scribe in 1835, wrote in a letter to his wife: 5553: 3978:

Samuel A. Woolley Autobiography, p. 3, in Backman and Perkins,

2832: 2657: 2471: 2448: 2413: 1513: 1224:

On October 27, 1838, after the Governor of Missouri issued the

1120: 805:. However, this connection is highly speculative and disputed. 782: 685: 288: 4848: 4673: 4671: 3930: 3928: 3774:

7 vols. and index (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co.), 2:520-21

3346: 2514:

assisted the deceased in navigating the afterlife. Unlike the

1727:

Right side of vignette from Book of the Dead for Nefer-ir-nebu

1510:

stating that they had been in the possession of Joseph Smith.

6507: 5735: 5173:"Book of Abraham and Facsimiles, 1 March–16 May 1842, Page 0" 4914:""The Breathing Permit of Hôr" Among The Joseph Smith Papyri" 3215: 3075:"The Book of Abraham: Messenger and Advocate - December 1835" 2963:"The Joseph Smith Papyri and the Writings of Joseph of Egypt" 2890: 2672: 2665: 2653: 1766:

Left side of vignette from Book of the Dead for Nefer-ir-nebu

1338:'s headquarters. The transportation to Voree never occurred. 994:, but after being told how rare the items were, gave them to 952: 798: 571: 273: 253: 6476:

Criticism of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

2668:

will hungrily devour her heart and she will cease to exist.

2052:

Miscellaneous Scraps of the Book of the Dead for TaSheritMin

1598:, but these portions of the papyri have not been recovered. 7657:

Eyewitness accounts associated with the Joseph Smith Papyri

6496:

Eyewitness accounts associated with the Joseph Smith Papyri

5219:, Published by Trustees of the British Museum, 1971, p.146 4687:

Eric Smith. Salt Lake City: Church Historian's Press, 2018.

4668: 3925: 3772:

History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints,

3136:"Gee, John, A Guide to the Joseph Smith Papyri. 2000. pg 3" 2460: 2444: 2417: 790: 719: 641:

Eyewitness accounts associated with the Joseph Smith Papyri

298: 293: 5019:

Baer, The Breathing Permit of Hor, Dialogue, 1968. pg. 126

3130: 3128: 3126: 3124: 3106:

Eric Smith. Salt Lake City: Church Historian's Press, 2018

2810:(663–525 BC) and their use continued for centuries. 2746: 1601:

The table below summarizes different designation schemes:

1057:

Shortly after receiving this certification, Joseph Smith,

853:

arrived just ten years earlier in 1823, and had set off a

6315:

Cunning folk traditions and the Latter Day Saint movement

5312:

Challenging Chicago: Coping with Everyday Life, 1837–1920

5027: 5025: 3527:

Egyptian Mummies In America (EMINA) database] ID 594, 595

2823:

The scenes portrayed on them relate to Egyptian ideas of

2558:. Portions of the text are only known because characters 2483:

Book of Joseph Scroll or Book of the Dead for TaSheritMin

2358:

As of 1998, there were twenty-nine known examples of the

2342:

see: Controversy surrounding the length of the Hôr scroll

1209: 940: 915:

published in March 1835 a description of the collection:

453: 423:

in 1947. The museum knew the importance of the papyri to

5342:

The Hor Book of Breathings: A Translation and Commentary

4859:"The Book of Abraham: A Collection of Lion Couch Scenes" 1477: 1423:

Col. Wood's Museum before the Great Chicago fire of 1871

1252:

published his translation of the Book of Abraham in the

533:

I, torn fragments pasted into IV, X, XI and Facsimile #3

5410:"The "Breathing Permit of Hor" Thirty Four Years Later" 4792:"Book of Abraham/Joseph Smith Papyri/Text - FairMormon" 4566: 4564: 3121: 2354:

Breathing Permit of Hôr § JSP Fragment I, Vignette

1435:

Col. Wood's Museum after the Great Chicago fire of 1871

978:

In January 1834, while the mummies were in Louisville,

564: 5046: 5044: 5042: 5022: 2720:

Translation of characters from two separate notebooks.

1999:

Second Section of the Book of the Dead for TaSheritMin

840:

published in 1844. The skull currently resides in the

823: 484:

Reconstructed papyri from existing and known fragments

3540:(Detroit: Hunt & June, 1906), 330, 342, 452, 702. 2627: 2534:

for Ta-sherit-Min includes all or portions of spells

1950:

First Section of the Book of the Dead for TaSheritMin

1449:

decided to sell some of its collection. In May 1966,

928:

for 27 March 1835 described the collection in depth:

769:

region of modern Italy, had been a loyal follower of

4767:"Translation and Historicity of the Book of Abraham" 4561: 4017:. Modern Microfilm Company – via Google Books. 3683:"$ 2,400 in 1835 → 2020 | Inflation Calculator" 3462:"Old Mormon Articles: Painesville Telegraph 1834-35" 2847: 1002:

in 1841, where the mummies are most likely located.

5039: 4101:

Figures of the Past from the Leaves of Old Journals

2645:belong to the musician of Amon Re, Nefer-ir-nebu". 1282:By September 1843, the collection was moved to the 587: 5372:Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies 5346:Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies 5230:Mummy: A Handbook of Egyptian Funerary Archaeology 3944:A History of William Huntington Written by Himself 3401:Baltimore American and commercial Daily Advertiser 2683: 2399: 816:was acting as an agent for an investment group in 7754:Works originally published in the Improvement Era 4986:"Klaus Baer, "The Breathing Permit of Hor", 1968" 4709: 4707: 4705: 4112:Charlotte Haven, "A Girl's Letters from Nauvoo," 3395:This is part of an advertisement that ran in the 3289:, Misspellings and punctuation have been retained 2768:A copy of the Hypocephalus of Sheshonq, from the 2705: 1805:Fifth Section of Book of the Dead for TaSheritMin 1674:Sixth Section of Book of the Dead for TaSheritMin 1453:, curator of the Egyptian Collection, approached 7720: 5952:Christian fellowships of "the Remnants" movement 3878:(Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1983), 310-11 3728:Misspellings and punctuation have been retained. 2803:(Eye of Horus), which represents the sun deity. 2565: 2459:, and in her hand is a symbol of life called an 1591:have remained the most commonly used numbering. 1576: 880:The next documented location of the exhibit was 565:"Nefer-ir-nebu Book of the Dead" Judgement Scene 6589:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 5913:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 2806:Hypocephali first appeared during the Egyptian 2595:The deceased sitting on a mat before three Gods 1468:photographs of the papyri in the February 1968 425:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 396:In 1842, Smith published the first part of the 5215:British Museum Dept. of Egyptian Antiquities, 4702: 4328: 3330: 3328: 2639:Fragments JSP IIIa-b are a vignette from "The 2607:The deceased standing before a walking serpent 2457:sun disk between two cows horns above her head 1407:), where they were presumably lost during the 729: 489:Known Egyptian documents sold to Joseph Smith 431:, they have been heavily studied and debated. 6572: 5792:Doctrine and Covenants (Book of Commandments) 5708:Church of Jesus Christ (Bickertonite) history 5594: 5580: 5388: 4304: 4298: 3420: 3418: 3069: 3067: 3065: 1289: 1232:, who took the mummies and papyri with them. 1188: 1173:family for a time, even hidden under teenage 1074: 896:in December. In January 1834, they stayed in 326: 4278: 4276: 3055: 3053: 1514:Discovery of the Church Historian's fragment 1306:. Note the Facsimile #1 from the published 959:Phrenology and the Latter Day Saint Movement 6471:Bibliography of books critical of Mormonism 5984:List of Reorganized Restorationist churches 4263: 4261: 4236: 4234: 4232: 3511:"EMINA (Egyptian Mummies in North America)" 3325: 2840:portion, where the images are upside down. 1235: 1156:recalled the troubling time later in life: 744: 576:No known description given by Joseph Smith. 6579: 6565: 5587: 5573: 5391:Mormonism : a historical encyclopedia 3415: 3062: 2376:Breathing Permit of Hôr § Translation 953:The seven mummies not sold to Joseph Smith 700:All of the mummies and papyri date to the 333: 319: 40: 16:Egyptian papyri owned by Joseph Smith, Jr. 5513: 5427: 5277: 4273: 4246: 4012: 3564:"Book of Abraham and Related Manuscripts" 3050: 2876:Critical appraisal of the Book of Abraham 1256:, promising that more would be released. 1169:The mummies and papyri were hid with the 1115: 109:Curses of Cain and Ham and the LDS Church 6953:Black temple and priesthood restrictions 5193:, University of Texas Press, 1995, p.157 4439:"Colored Photographs of Egyptian Papyri" 4258: 4229: 4147: 3751:Cincinnati Journal and Western Luminary, 2715: 2631: 2500:Papyri II, V–IX, and most of IV as "The 2492: 2470:In Egyptian funerary tradition, the god 2467:is denoted by a feather above her head. 2434: 2403: 2321: 1551: 1293: 1239: 1119: 1013: 911:While in Cleveland, a reporter from the 827: 479: 344: 5196: 4067: 4065: 4013:Swartzell, William (December 6, 1840). 3595:"Times and Seasons Volume 3, Number 13" 2998: 2996: 2960: 2747:Hypocephalus of Sheshonq (Facsimile #2) 1025:Notebooks of Copied Egyptian Characters 1009: 622:Facsimile #2 from the "Book of Abraham" 7721: 5493: 5459: 5407: 5336: 5119:. British Museum Press, London, 2010. 4911: 4725: 4282: 4240: 3397:Baltimore Gazette and Daily Advertiser 3251: 2908: 2902: 6560: 5797:Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible 5568: 5501:Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 5468: 5415:Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 5265:Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 5063:. British Museum Press, London, 2010 4425:Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 3898:History of Joseph Smith by His Mother 3551:Mummies in Nineteenth Century America 3426:Mummies in Nineteenth Century America 3263: 1594:Some fragments were published in the 1478:Controversy surrounding the discovery 84:Articles of Faith (Latter Day Saints) 6382:Latter Day Saints in popular culture 5309: 5257: 4895:"Egyptology and the Book of Abraham" 4713: 4696: 4527:New Light on the Joseph Smith Papyri 4372: 4334: 4267: 4252: 4062: 4002:Writings of Early Latter-day Saints. 3980:Writings of Early Latter-day Saints. 3921:. 1969 – via Internet Archive. 3850:Neal A. Maxwell Institute | BYU 3500:for Sunday, November 23, 1980, p. 59 2993: 2790:Also known as facsimile #2 from the 2702:came from the Ta-Sherit-Min scroll. 349:A portion of the Joseph Smith Papyri 7580:List of Book of Mormon translations 7550:Truth & Transparency Foundation 7454:Utah Property Management Associates 7022:spectrums of orthodoxy and practice 6120:Spectrums of orthodoxy and practice 5393:. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. 5362: 5209: 4544:, Salt Lake City, November 27, 1967 3669: 3336:"Expedition Magazine - Penn Museum" 2920: 1384:New York Metropolitan Museum of Art 1142: 824:On tour in the North Eastern States 13: 6259:List of prophecies of Joseph Smith 5464:. Salt Lake City: Signature Books. 5368:A Guide to the Joseph Smith Papyri 5232:, Kessinger Publishing 2003, p.476 4151:Nauvoo: Kingdom on the Mississippi 2866:Archaeology and the Book of Mormon 2628:Book of the Dead for Nefer-ir-nebu 2489:Book of Joseph (Latter Day Saints) 2381:him a good burial east of Thebes. 2327:scroll is read from right to left. 2284:The Book of Abraham Scroll or the 1320:split apart into multiple factions 1000:National Museum of Natural History 695: 14: 7780: 7759:Egyptian papyri containing images 7630:Mormonism and Nicene Christianity 6237:Historicity of the Book of Mormon 5615:Mormonism and Nicene Christianity 5546: 5243:Religion of the Ancient Egyptians 4836:Rhodes, Hor Book of Breathings, 4 4529:FARMS Review 19/2 (2007): 245–59. 2676:human-headed birth bricks called 660:excavated the Joseph Smith Papyri 7749:Pearl of Great Price (Mormonism) 7744:1820s archaeological discoveries 7739:1810s archaeological discoveries 7700: 7688: 7677: 7676: 6523:Temple architecture (LDS Church) 6188:Black people and early Mormonism 5787:Criticism of Mormon sacred texts 5552: 5408:Ritner, Robert K (Winter 2000), 5235: 5222: 5183: 5165: 5156: 5147: 5129: 5109: 5100: 5091: 5073: 5053: 5013: 5004: 4995: 4978: 4960: 4951: 4905: 4887: 4878: 4869: 4839: 4830: 4821: 4812: 4802: 4784: 4759: 4749: 4731: 4719: 4690: 4680: 4659: 4650: 4638: 4629: 4616: 4603: 4591: 4581: 4547: 4532: 4518: 4509: 4499: 4463: 4431: 4412: 4366: 4357: 4319: 4310: 4288: 3403:from July 20 to August 16, 1833. 2871:Book of Abraham Egyptian mummies 2858:Latter Day Saint movement portal 2850: 2776: 2761: 2660:weigh it against the feather of 2612: 2600: 2588: 2548:65, 67, 70, 72, 74-77, 83, 86-89 2273: 2249: 2226: 2206: 2164: 2108: 2043: 1990: 1941: 1888: 1835: 1796: 1757: 1718: 1665: 1428: 1416: 1392: 1213:] of the Egyptian Mummies." 888:in September 1833. They were in 820:that had purchased the mummies. 743: 736: 677: 665: 649: 625:The papyrus is no longer extant. 542:"Ta-sherit-Min Book of the Dead" 209:Criticism of the Book of Abraham 7701: 7400:Deseret News Publishing Company 4918:Journal of Near Eastern Studies 4912:Ritner, Robert K. (July 2003). 4216: 4207: 4198: 4189: 4180: 4148:Flanders, Robert Bruce (1975). 4141: 4132: 4119: 4106: 4093: 4083: 4048: 4039: 4021: 4006: 3994: 3984: 3972: 3954: 3937: 3911: 3902: 3890: 3881: 3868: 3852:. June 27, 2019. Archived from 3838: 3806: 3797: 3787: 3777: 3765: 3756: 3744: 3731: 3719: 3710: 3693: 3675: 3663: 3654: 3644: 3632: 3614: 3605: 3587: 3578: 3556: 3543: 3530: 3521: 3503: 3490: 3481: 3472: 3454: 3441: 3431: 3406: 3389: 3380: 3367: 3358: 3316: 3302: 3292: 3279: 3269: 3257: 3245: 3236: 3227: 3198: 3189: 3179: 3170: 3161: 3151: 3142: 3109: 3099: 3081: 2400:Closing vignette (facsimile #3) 724:"Min who massacres his enemies" 7375:Deseret Management Corporation 6387:Portrayal of Mormons in comics 6342:Association for Mormon Letters 5494:Wilson, John A (Summer 1968), 5460:Ritner, Robert Kriech (2013). 4337:"Egyptian Papyri Rediscovered" 3022: 3013: 2961:Quinten, Barney (April 2016). 2954: 2944: 2926: 2914: 2706:Book of the Dead for Amenhotep 2369: 1605:Joseph Smith Papyri fragments 1457:, a visiting scholar from the 1440: 924:A letter to the editor of the 1: 7635:Relationship to U.S. politics 7222:Quorum of the Twelve Apostles 5478:, vol. 2, archived from 5251: 4863:thebookofabraham.blogspot.com 4335:Todd, Jay M. (January 1968). 3919:"SAGA OF THE BOOK OF ABRAHAM" 3699:Orson Pratt stated in 1878: 3626:thebookofabraham.blogspot.com 3093:thebookofabraham.blogspot.com 2684:Description by Oliver Cowdery 2566:Description by Oliver Cowdery 1577:Recovered and known fragments 1318:on June 27, 1844, the church 982:, famous actor and father of 5320:University of Illinois Press 5228:E. A. Wallis Budge, (1893), 4558:, February 1968, pp. 40–40H. 4473:Egyptian Papyri Rediscovered 4156:University of Illinois Press 588:"Amenhotep Book of the Dead" 7: 5972:Latter Day Church of Christ 5812:Book of the Law of the Lord 5689:Community of Christ history 5258:Baer, Klaus (Autumn 1968), 5115:Taylor, John H. (creator), 4771:www.churchofjesuschrist.org 4743:www.churchofjesuschrist.org 4475:Improvement Era. pg. 12–16" 4305:Reeve & Parshall (2010) 3449:Cleveland Daily Advertiser, 2987:10.5406/jmormhist.42.2.0095 2979:10.5406/jmormhist.42.2.0095 2938:www.churchofjesuschrist.org 2843: 2831:, connecting them with the 2799:Hypocephali symbolized the 2288:belonging to the priest Hôr 1382:A 1918 memorandum from the 730:Discovery by Antonio Lebolo 434: 10: 7785: 7734:2nd-century BC manuscripts 7729:3rd-century BC manuscripts 7620:Mormon History Association 7410:Beneficial Financial Group 5059:Taylor, John H. (Editor), 4972:World History Encyclopedia 4451:(2): 40–40I. February 1968 3960:"Prominent Mormon WOmen," 2750: 2709: 2650:Book of the Dead spell 125 2486: 2373: 2351: 2291: 1447:Metropolitan Museum of Art 1334:, where Strang had set up 1290:After Joseph Smith's death 1192: 1189:The collection in Missouri 1075:The Collection in Kirtland 973:University of Pennsylvania 956: 842:University of Pennsylvania 638: 634: 503:Joseph Smith Papyri Number 421:Metropolitan Museum of Art 114:Black people and Mormonism 7695:Latter Day Saint Movement 7672: 7558: 7476: 7444:Perpetual Emigration Fund 7395:Temple Square Hospitality 7343:Church Educational System 7305: 7265: 7188: 7113:Latter-day Saints Channel 7045: 6844:For the Strength of Youth 6765: 6703: 6596: 6541: 6448: 6402: 6369: 6272: 6153: 5992: 5967:Apostolic United Brethren 5903: 5835: 5826:Fettingites and offshoots 5728: 5660:History of the LDS Church 5633: 5625:Teachings of Joseph Smith 5602: 5596:Latter Day Saint movement 5177:www.josephsmithpapers.org 5085:Google Arts & Culture 4968:"The Negative Confession" 4384:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 2967:Journal of Mormon History 2881:Joseph Smith Hypocephalus 1276:St. Louis Evening Gazette 429:Latter Day Saint movement 379:Latter Day Saint movement 269:Pharaoh (Book of Abraham) 224:The Rocky Mountain Saints 179:Joseph Smith Hypocephalus 7662:Kirtland Egyptian papers 7585:Joseph Smith Translation 7449:Perpetual Education Fund 7405:Bonneville International 6784:Apostasy and restoration 6546:Latter Day Saints Portal 6501:Kirtland Egyptian papers 5665:Mormon handcart pioneers 3373:"Egyptian Antiquities," 2896: 2886:Kirtland Egyptian Papers 2794:, this no longer extant 2770:Kirtland Egyptian Papers 2753:Hypocephalus of Sheshonq 2579:, is upon the same roll. 2236:Hypocephalus of Sheshonq 1236:The collection in Nauvoo 1052:Brigham Young University 886:Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 884:in late August and then 600:Kirtland Egyptian Papers 556:II, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII 500:Joseph Smith description 164:Kirtland Egyptian papers 104:Skin color and Mormonism 7518:Historical authenticity 5993:Doctrines and practices 4624:Oxford University Press 3566:. Josephsmithpapers.org 3515:www.egyptologyforum.org 2416:(seated), and his wife 2294:Breathing Permit of Hôr 2260:Breathing Permit of Hor 2175:Breathing Permit of Hor 2119:Breathing Permit of Hor 1634:Breathing Permit of Hor 1149:Kirtland Safety Society 938:No. 3-Heighth [ 882:Lancaster, Pennsylvania 512:"Hor Book of Breathing" 369:fragments from ancient 174:Breathing Permit of Hôr 7535:Mormon Stories Podcast 7227:Quorums of the Seventy 6958:Curses of Cain and Ham 6725:Doctrine and Covenants 6690:Mormonism and violence 6075:Melchizedek priesthood 5191:Magic in ancient Egypt 4391:, pp. 1058–1060, 4375:"Papyri, Joseph Smith" 4226:(1853), note b, 90-91. 4125:16 May 1844 St. Louis 4116:(December 1890:623-624 4059: 3969: 3951: 3705: 3209: 2721: 2695: 2636: 2581: 2497: 2440: 2409: 2328: 1557: 1545: 1503: 1493: 1311: 1271: 1248: 1163: 1140: 1125: 1116:Mounting of the papyri 1072: 1034: 1019: 950: 922: 878: 865: 845: 485: 474: 459: 350: 7615:Mormon fundamentalism 7390:Deseret Digital Media 7363:BYU–Pathway Worldwide 7282:Statistics by country 7096:Humanitarian services 6513:Mormonism and history 6065:Judaism and Mormonism 5977:Centennial Park group 5957:Mormon fundamentalism 5620:Mormon fundamentalism 5475:History of the Church 4373:Todd, Jay M. (1992), 4055: 3965: 3947: 3700: 3447:"A Rare Exhibition," 3205: 2719: 2690: 2635: 2572: 2552:100-101, 103-106, 110 2496: 2438: 2407: 2325: 1555: 1540: 1498: 1488: 1401:his museum in Chicago 1369:his museum in Chicago 1316:death of Joseph Smith 1297: 1266: 1243: 1158: 1135: 1123: 1081:Frederick G. Williams 1067: 1029: 1017: 930: 926:Painesville Telegraph 917: 873: 860: 831: 611:Sheshonq Hypocephalus 483: 469: 449: 377:, the founder of the 348: 46:Facsimile 2 from the 7513:Geographical setting 7439:Ensign Peak Advisors 7380:Deseret Book Company 7064:Especially for Youth 6911:Baptism for the dead 6779:Apostolic succession 6750:Joseph Smith–History 6745:Joseph Smith–Matthew 6730:Pearl of Great Price 6665:LGBT Mormon timeline 6638:Good Neighbor policy 6252:Geographical setting 6198:Joseph Smith's views 6080:Patriarchal blessing 6030:Early views on death 5930:Restoration branches 5836:Founders and leaders 5822:The Word of the Lord 5802:Pearl of Great Price 5699:Restoration branches 5561:at Wikimedia Commons 5482:on February 21, 2017 5310:Duis, Perry (1998). 4487:on November 24, 2020 4428:(Winter 1967), p. 64 4389:Macmillan Publishing 4154:. Urbana, Illinois: 4077:www.sidneyrigdon.com 3826:on September 9, 2016 3687:www.officialdata.org 3466:www.sidneyrigdon.com 3116:H. Michael Marquardt 3095:. November 17, 2016. 2741:Niagara Falls Museum 2671:The ibis-headed god 2525:cataloged the spells 2258:Closing Vignette of 2098:28–32 x 8–20 cm 1451:Henry George Fischer 1038:Egyptian scholarship 1010:Sale to Joseph Smith 975:cranial collection. 965:Samuel George Morton 754:class=notpageimage| 713:valley of the nobles 242:Contents and Persons 79:Joseph Smith–History 74:Joseph Smith–Matthew 34:Pearl of Great Price 7652:Joseph Smith Papyri 7059:Cultural depictions 6856:Family Proclamation 6833:Family Home Evening 6491:Joseph Smith Papyri 6140:Women and Mormonism 6070:Law of consecration 6060:Islam and Mormonism 6040:Gifts of the Spirit 5925:Community of Christ 5648:Extermination Order 5559:Joseph Smith Papyri 3876:The Heavens Resound 3874:Milton V. Backman, 3628:. January 28, 2012. 3599:www.centerplace.org 3377:3 (May 2, 1842):774 3030:"I Have a Question" 2447:which combines the 2338:Joseph Smith Papers 1606: 1226:Extermination Order 1036:Given the state of 980:Junius Brutus Booth 844:cranial collection. 775:Bernardino Drovetti 536:between 238–153 BC 490: 441:Eyewitness accounts 355:Joseph Smith Papyri 189:Eyewitness accounts 184:Joseph Smith Papyri 7602:FARMS organization 7575:ComeUntoChrist.org 7385:Deseret Industries 7292:Less-active Mormon 7277:Membership history 7126:Missionary service 7091:General Conference 6680:Name of the church 6670:Handcart companies 6392:Mormon pornography 6361:Placement marriage 6300:Mormon blogosphere 5675:Mormon Reformation 5496:"A Summary Report" 5241:Alfred Wiedemann, 5137:"Book of the Dead" 4899:www.lds-mormon.com 4865:. August 12, 2016. 4796:www.fairmormon.org 4699:, pp. 111–116 3753:August 25, 1836, 4 3737:"Another Humbug," 3077:. January 5, 2011. 2722: 2637: 2498: 2441: 2410: 2360:Book of Breathings 2329: 2173:Second Section of 1615:(at their largest) 1604: 1558: 1459:University of Utah 1409:Great Chicago Fire 1373:Great Chicago Fire 1312: 1310:in the background. 1249: 1183:Far West, Missouri 1171:William Huntington 1126: 1020: 846: 711:, probably in the 488: 486: 417:Great Chicago Fire 351: 134:Col. Wood's Museum 119:Sarah (Card novel) 7716: 7715: 7597:FAIR organization 7540:Salamander letter 7205:Russell M. Nelson 6985:Reformed Egyptian 6968:Pacific Islanders 6809:Plan of salvation 6755:Articles of Faith 6658:succession crisis 6618:Anthon Transcript 6554: 6553: 6518:Reformed Egyptian 6440:Smith Family Farm 6354:Mormon folk music 6327:Mormon literature 6210:Pacific Islanders 6085:Plan of salvation 6010:Articles of Faith 6000:Adam–God doctrine 5905:LDS denominations 5890:Granville Hedrick 5885:William Bickerton 5807:Lectures on Faith 5718:William Bickerton 5653:Succession crisis 5603:Fundamental ideas 5557:Media related to 5189:Geraldine Pinch, 5125:978-0-7141-1993-9 5069:978-0-7141-1993-9 4611:Josiah Quincy Jr. 4379:Ludlow, Daniel H. 3896:Lucy Mack Smith, 2837:ancient Egyptians 2544:54, 57, 59(?), 63 2393:Book of Breathing 2364:Book of Breathing 2304:Book of Breathing 2281: 2280: 2117:Third Section of 1632:First Section of 1624:Wilson-Jeppson #s 1455:Aziz Suryal Atiya 1254:Times and Seasons 1175:Zina Huntington's 1109:Phinehas Richards 984:John Wilkes Booth 838:Dr. Samuel Morton 709:Theban Necropolis 632: 631: 582:circa 300–100 BC 559:circa 300–100 BC 494:Egyptian document 343: 342: 129:Kinderhook plates 7776: 7764:Book of the Dead 7708: 7704: 7703: 7696: 7692: 7684: 7680: 7679: 7562: 7480: 7269: 7232:Presiding Bishop 7217:First Presidency 7192: 7173:Worship services 7156:Tabernacle Choir 7051: 6963:Native Americans 6926:Temple endowment 6921:Second anointing 6916:Marriage sealing 6869:God in Mormonism 6814:Degrees of glory 6771: 6707: 6675:Mormon Battalion 6628:Church of Christ 6600: 6590: 6581: 6574: 6567: 6558: 6557: 6425:Nauvoo, Illinois 6370:The Mormon Image 6205:Native Americans 6125:Son of perdition 6110:Second anointing 6050:Heavenly Parents 6025:Degrees of glory 5875:Joseph Smith III 5870:Wilford Woodruff 5694:Amboy Conference 5670:Mormon Battalion 5643:Church of Christ 5589: 5582: 5575: 5566: 5565: 5556: 5541: 5540: 5538: 5517: 5515:10.2307/45227259 5490: 5489: 5487: 5465: 5455: 5454: 5452: 5431: 5429:10.2307/45226742 5404: 5384: 5358: 5333: 5305: 5304: 5302: 5281: 5279:10.2307/45224026 5246: 5239: 5233: 5226: 5220: 5213: 5207: 5200: 5194: 5187: 5181: 5180: 5169: 5163: 5160: 5154: 5151: 5145: 5144: 5133: 5127: 5113: 5107: 5104: 5098: 5095: 5089: 5088: 5077: 5071: 5057: 5051: 5048: 5037: 5036: 5029: 5020: 5017: 5011: 5008: 5002: 4999: 4993: 4992: 4990: 4982: 4976: 4975: 4964: 4958: 4955: 4949: 4948: 4946: 4944: 4909: 4903: 4902: 4891: 4885: 4882: 4876: 4873: 4867: 4866: 4855: 4846: 4843: 4837: 4834: 4828: 4825: 4819: 4816: 4810: 4806: 4800: 4799: 4788: 4782: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4763: 4757: 4753: 4747: 4746: 4735: 4729: 4723: 4717: 4711: 4700: 4694: 4688: 4684: 4678: 4675: 4666: 4663: 4657: 4654: 4648: 4642: 4636: 4633: 4627: 4620: 4614: 4607: 4601: 4595: 4589: 4585: 4579: 4578: 4576: 4568: 4559: 4551: 4545: 4536: 4530: 4522: 4516: 4513: 4507: 4503: 4497: 4496: 4494: 4492: 4486: 4480:. Archived from 4479: 4467: 4461: 4460: 4458: 4456: 4435: 4429: 4416: 4410: 4409: 4370: 4364: 4361: 4355: 4354: 4352: 4350: 4332: 4326: 4323: 4317: 4314: 4308: 4302: 4296: 4292: 4286: 4280: 4271: 4265: 4256: 4250: 4244: 4238: 4227: 4220: 4214: 4211: 4205: 4202: 4196: 4193: 4187: 4184: 4178: 4177: 4145: 4139: 4136: 4130: 4123: 4117: 4114:Overland Monthly 4110: 4104: 4097: 4091: 4087: 4081: 4080: 4069: 4060: 4052: 4046: 4043: 4037: 4036: 4025: 4019: 4018: 4010: 4004: 3998: 3992: 3991:UT: CFI. pg. 135 3988: 3982: 3976: 3970: 3958: 3952: 3941: 3935: 3932: 3923: 3922: 3915: 3909: 3906: 3900: 3894: 3888: 3885: 3879: 3872: 3866: 3865: 3863: 3861: 3856:on June 30, 2019 3842: 3836: 3835: 3833: 3831: 3825: 3819:. 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Babbitt 1332:Voree, Wisconsin 1230:Quincy, Illinois 1205:Richmond Landing 1201:Nauvoo, Illinois 1179:Edwin D. Woolley 1143:Kirtland turmoil 1047:Egyptian Grammar 1044:'s breakthrough 834:Crania Aegyptica 747: 746: 740: 681: 669: 653: 518:Breathing Permit 497:Text description 491: 487: 406:Book of the Dead 335: 328: 321: 229:Wentworth letter 214:Robert K. Ritner 44: 21: 20: 7784: 7783: 7779: 7778: 7777: 7775: 7774: 7773: 7769:Book of Abraham 7719: 7718: 7717: 7712: 7706: 7694: 7682: 7668: 7560: 7554: 7493:Book of Abraham 7478: 7472: 7466:Deseret Ranches 7312:Congregational 7301: 7287:Mormon corridor 7267: 7261: 7190: 7184: 7049: 7047: 7041: 7000:Law of chastity 6874:Heavenly Mother 6769: 6767: 6761: 6740:Book of Abraham 6705: 6699: 6608:1838 Mormon War 6598: 6592: 6588: 6585: 6555: 6550: 6537: 6444: 6420:Mormon corridor 6398: 6365: 6322:Mormon foodways 6310:Mormon folklore 6268: 6149: 6055:Heavenly Mother 5988: 5899: 5831: 5816:Strangites only 5753:Book of Abraham 5724: 5629: 5598: 5593: 5549: 5536: 5534: 5485: 5483: 5450: 5448: 5401: 5382: 5370:, Provo, Utah: 5356: 5338:Rhodes, Michael 5330: 5300: 5298: 5254: 5249: 5240: 5236: 5227: 5223: 5214: 5210: 5201: 5197: 5188: 5184: 5171: 5170: 5166: 5161: 5157: 5152: 5148: 5135: 5134: 5130: 5114: 5110: 5105: 5101: 5096: 5092: 5079: 5078: 5074: 5058: 5054: 5049: 5040: 5031: 5030: 5023: 5018: 5014: 5009: 5005: 5000: 4996: 4988: 4984: 4983: 4979: 4966: 4965: 4961: 4956: 4952: 4942: 4940: 4910: 4906: 4893: 4892: 4888: 4883: 4879: 4874: 4870: 4857: 4856: 4849: 4844: 4840: 4835: 4831: 4826: 4822: 4817: 4813: 4807: 4803: 4790: 4789: 4785: 4775: 4773: 4765: 4764: 4760: 4754: 4750: 4737: 4736: 4732: 4724: 4720: 4712: 4703: 4695: 4691: 4685: 4681: 4676: 4669: 4664: 4660: 4655: 4651: 4643: 4639: 4634: 4630: 4621: 4617: 4608: 4604: 4596: 4592: 4586: 4582: 4574: 4570: 4569: 4562: 4555:Improvement Era 4552: 4548: 4537: 4533: 4523: 4519: 4514: 4510: 4504: 4500: 4490: 4488: 4484: 4477: 4469: 4468: 4464: 4454: 4452: 4444:Improvement Era 4437: 4436: 4432: 4417: 4413: 4399: 4371: 4367: 4362: 4358: 4348: 4346: 4342:Improvement Era 4333: 4329: 4324: 4320: 4315: 4311: 4303: 4299: 4293: 4289: 4281: 4274: 4266: 4259: 4251: 4247: 4239: 4230: 4222:Lucy M. Smith, 4221: 4217: 4212: 4208: 4203: 4199: 4194: 4190: 4185: 4181: 4166: 4158:. p. 124. 4146: 4142: 4137: 4133: 4127:Evening Gazette 4124: 4120: 4111: 4107: 4099:Josiah Quincy, 4098: 4094: 4088: 4084: 4071: 4070: 4063: 4053: 4049: 4044: 4040: 4027: 4026: 4022: 4011: 4007: 3999: 3995: 3989: 3985: 3977: 3973: 3959: 3955: 3942: 3938: 3933: 3926: 3917: 3916: 3912: 3907: 3903: 3895: 3891: 3886: 3882: 3873: 3869: 3859: 3857: 3844: 3843: 3839: 3829: 3827: 3823: 3816: 3812: 3811: 3807: 3802: 3798: 3792: 3788: 3782: 3778: 3770: 3766: 3761: 3757: 3749: 3745: 3736: 3732: 3724: 3720: 3715: 3711: 3698: 3694: 3681: 3680: 3676: 3668: 3664: 3659: 3655: 3649: 3645: 3637: 3633: 3620: 3619: 3615: 3610: 3606: 3593: 3592: 3588: 3583: 3579: 3569: 3567: 3562: 3561: 3557: 3548: 3544: 3536:Friend Palmer, 3535: 3531: 3526: 3522: 3509: 3508: 3504: 3495: 3491: 3486: 3482: 3477: 3473: 3460: 3459: 3455: 3446: 3442: 3436: 3432: 3423: 3416: 3411: 3407: 3394: 3390: 3385: 3381: 3372: 3368: 3363: 3359: 3354: 3347: 3340:www.penn.museum 3334: 3333: 3326: 3321: 3317: 3308: 3307: 3303: 3297: 3293: 3284: 3280: 3274: 3270: 3262: 3258: 3250: 3246: 3241: 3237: 3232: 3228: 3223: 3216: 3203: 3199: 3194: 3190: 3184: 3180: 3175: 3171: 3166: 3162: 3156: 3152: 3147: 3143: 3134: 3133: 3122: 3114: 3110: 3104: 3100: 3087: 3086: 3082: 3073: 3072: 3063: 3058: 3051: 3041: 3039: 3028: 3027: 3023: 3018: 3014: 3006: 3002: 3001: 2994: 2959: 2955: 2949: 2945: 2932: 2931: 2927: 2919: 2915: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2856: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2792:Book of Abraham 2788: 2787: 2786: 2785: 2784: 2781: 2773: 2772: 2766: 2755: 2749: 2714: 2708: 2686: 2630: 2623: 2617: 2608: 2605: 2596: 2593: 2568: 2491: 2485: 2451:, the crown of 2428:of the earlier 2402: 2378: 2372: 2356: 2350: 2316:Book of Abraham 2296: 2290: 2194:17 x 10 cm 2193: 2188: 2184: 2181: 2179: 2152:30 x 11 cm 2151: 2146: 2142: 2139: 2137: 2132: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2097: 2092: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2078: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2064: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2031:15 x 17 cm 2030: 2025: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2011: 2007: 2004: 2002: 1977: 1975: 1973: 1972: 1970: 1965: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1929:29 x 14 cm 1928: 1923: 1919: 1916: 1914: 1909: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1876:29 x 14 cm 1875: 1870: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1856: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1823:29 x 20 cm 1822: 1817: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1784:26 x 15 cm 1783: 1778: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1745:24 x 18 cm 1744: 1739: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1706:13 x 27 cm 1705: 1700: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1686: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1653:19 x 10 cm 1652: 1647: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1614: 1596:Book of Abraham 1589:Improvement Era 1584:Improvement Era 1579: 1550: 1536:Improvement Era 1520:Improvement Era 1516: 1484:Improvement Era 1480: 1471:Improvement Era 1443: 1436: 1433: 1424: 1421: 1412: 1397: 1308:Book of Abraham 1300:Lucy Mack Smith 1292: 1238: 1197: 1195:1838 Mormon War 1191: 1154:Lucy Mack Smith 1145: 1118: 1105:Kirtland Temple 1089:Book of Abraham 1077: 1012: 961: 955: 945: 937: 933: 826: 760: 759: 758: 756: 750: 749: 748: 732: 722:in the cult of 702:Ptolemaic Egypt 698: 696:Ancient origins 693: 692: 691: 690: 689: 682: 674: 673: 670: 662: 661: 654: 643: 637: 528:Book of Abraham 437: 398:Book of Abraham 339: 310: 309: 308: 243: 235: 234: 233: 203: 195: 194: 193: 148: 140: 139: 138: 98: 90: 89: 88: 69:Book of Abraham 58: 50: 48:Book of Abraham 17: 12: 11: 5: 7782: 7772: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7756: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7714: 7713: 7711: 7710: 7698: 7686: 7673: 7670: 7669: 7667: 7666: 7665: 7664: 7659: 7649: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7627: 7625:Mormon studies 7622: 7617: 7612: 7604: 7599: 7594: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7572: 7566: 7564: 7556: 7555: 7553: 7552: 7547: 7542: 7537: 7532: 7531: 7530: 7525: 7520: 7515: 7510: 7505: 7498:Book of Mormon 7495: 7490: 7488:Anti-Mormonism 7484: 7482: 7474: 7473: 7471: 7470: 7469: 7468: 7458: 7457: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7441: 7431: 7429:Philanthropies 7426: 7425: 7424: 7414: 7413: 7412: 7407: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7387: 7382: 7372: 7371: 7370: 7368:Ensign College 7365: 7360: 7355: 7350: 7340: 7339: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7323: 7318: 7309: 7307: 7303: 7302: 7300: 7299: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7279: 7273: 7271: 7263: 7262: 7260: 7259: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7237:Relief Society 7234: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7213: 7212: 7207: 7196: 7194: 7186: 7185: 7183: 7182: 7181: 7180: 7170: 7169: 7168: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7115: 7110: 7109: 7108: 7098: 7093: 7088: 7083: 7082: 7081: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7055: 7053: 7043: 7042: 7040: 7039: 7037:Word of Wisdom 7034: 7029: 7027:Temple garment 7024: 7019: 7018: 7017: 7012: 7007: 7002: 6997: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6976: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6935: 6930: 6929: 6928: 6923: 6918: 6913: 6903: 6902: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6865: 6864: 6859: 6847: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6829: 6828: 6827: 6826: 6824:Premortal life 6821: 6816: 6806: 6801: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6775: 6773: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6759: 6758: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6727: 6722: 6720:Book of Mormon 6717: 6711: 6709: 6701: 6700: 6698: 6697: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6661: 6660: 6655: 6645: 6643:Historic sites 6640: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6613:1890 Manifesto 6610: 6604: 6602: 6594: 6593: 6584: 6583: 6576: 6569: 6561: 6552: 6551: 6549: 6548: 6542: 6539: 6538: 6536: 6535: 6530: 6525: 6520: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6504: 6503: 6498: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6456:Anti-Mormonism 6452: 6450: 6446: 6445: 6443: 6442: 6437: 6432: 6430:Salt Lake City 6427: 6422: 6417: 6415:Kirtland, Ohio 6412: 6406: 6404: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6396: 6395: 6394: 6389: 6379: 6377:Mormon studies 6373: 6371: 6367: 6366: 6364: 6363: 6358: 6357: 6356: 6346: 6345: 6344: 6339: 6337:Mormon fiction 6334: 6324: 6319: 6318: 6317: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6276: 6274: 6270: 6269: 6267: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6255: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6234: 6229: 6224: 6223: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6201: 6200: 6195: 6190: 6175: 6174: 6173: 6168: 6157: 6155: 6151: 6150: 6148: 6147: 6145:Word of Wisdom 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6090:Premortal life 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6047: 6042: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5996: 5994: 5990: 5989: 5987: 5986: 5981: 5980: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5933: 5932: 5922: 5921: 5920: 5909: 5907: 5901: 5900: 5898: 5897: 5895:Alpheus Cutler 5892: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5862: 5857: 5855:Oliver Cowdery 5852: 5851: 5850: 5839: 5837: 5833: 5832: 5830: 5829: 5819: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5778: 5777: 5772: 5765:Book of Mormon 5762: 5761: 5760: 5750: 5749: 5748: 5743: 5732: 5730: 5726: 5725: 5723: 5722: 5721: 5720: 5715: 5704: 5703: 5702: 5701: 5696: 5685: 5684: 5683: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5656: 5655: 5650: 5645: 5639: 5637: 5631: 5630: 5628: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5606: 5604: 5600: 5599: 5592: 5591: 5584: 5577: 5569: 5563: 5562: 5548: 5547:External links 5545: 5544: 5543: 5491: 5466: 5457: 5405: 5399: 5386: 5380: 5360: 5354: 5334: 5328: 5307: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5247: 5234: 5221: 5208: 5195: 5182: 5164: 5155: 5146: 5128: 5108: 5099: 5090: 5072: 5052: 5038: 5021: 5012: 5003: 4994: 4977: 4959: 4950: 4930:10.1086/380315 4924:(3): 161–180. 4904: 4886: 4877: 4868: 4847: 4838: 4829: 4820: 4811: 4801: 4783: 4758: 4748: 4730: 4718: 4701: 4689: 4679: 4667: 4658: 4649: 4637: 4628: 4615: 4602: 4590: 4580: 4560: 4546: 4531: 4517: 4508: 4498: 4471:"Todd, Jay M. 4462: 4430: 4411: 4397: 4365: 4356: 4327: 4318: 4309: 4307:, p. 269. 4297: 4287: 4272: 4270:, p. 206. 4257: 4245: 4228: 4215: 4206: 4197: 4188: 4179: 4164: 4140: 4131: 4118: 4105: 4092: 4082: 4061: 4047: 4038: 4020: 4005: 3993: 3983: 3971: 3953: 3936: 3924: 3910: 3901: 3889: 3880: 3867: 3837: 3805: 3796: 3786: 3776: 3764: 3755: 3743: 3739:Cleveland Whig 3730: 3718: 3709: 3692: 3674: 3662: 3653: 3643: 3631: 3613: 3604: 3586: 3577: 3555: 3542: 3529: 3520: 3502: 3489: 3480: 3471: 3453: 3451:March 26, 1835 3440: 3430: 3414: 3405: 3388: 3379: 3366: 3357: 3345: 3324: 3315: 3301: 3291: 3278: 3268: 3256: 3254:, pp. 1–2 3244: 3235: 3226: 3214: 3197: 3188: 3178: 3169: 3160: 3150: 3141: 3120: 3108: 3098: 3080: 3061: 3049: 3021: 3012: 2992: 2953: 2943: 2934:"Introduction" 2925: 2913: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2894: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2862: 2861: 2845: 2842: 2782: 2775: 2774: 2767: 2760: 2759: 2758: 2757: 2756: 2751:Main article: 2748: 2745: 2707: 2704: 2685: 2682: 2629: 2626: 2625: 2624: 2618: 2611: 2609: 2606: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2587: 2585: 2567: 2564: 2536:1-7, 10-14, 16 2487:Main article: 2484: 2481: 2401: 2398: 2374:Main article: 2371: 2368: 2366:made by Isis. 2352:Main article: 2349: 2346: 2292:Main article: 2289: 2282: 2279: 2278: 2271: 2269: 2267: 2265: 2263: 2262:(Facsimile #3) 2255: 2254: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2241: 2239: 2238:(Facsimile #2) 2232: 2231: 2224: 2222: 2220: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2211: 2204: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2177: 2170: 2169: 2162: 2159: 2156: 2153: 2121: 2114: 2113: 2106: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2053: 2049: 2048: 2041: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2000: 1996: 1995: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1978:13 x 8 cm 1971:13 x 7 cm 1951: 1947: 1946: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1898: 1894: 1893: 1886: 1883: 1880: 1877: 1845: 1841: 1840: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1824: 1806: 1802: 1801: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1767: 1763: 1762: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1746: 1728: 1724: 1723: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1675: 1671: 1670: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1636: 1629: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1611: 1578: 1575: 1549: 1546: 1515: 1512: 1479: 1476: 1442: 1439: 1438: 1437: 1434: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1415: 1413: 1398: 1391: 1291: 1288: 1237: 1234: 1190: 1187: 1144: 1141: 1117: 1114: 1093:Cleveland Whig 1085:Warren Parrish 1076: 1073: 1040:at that time ( 1011: 1008: 992:Tennessee home 988:Andrew Jackson 954: 951: 913:Cleveland Whig 869:Kirtland, Ohio 825: 822: 803:Oliver Cowdery 763:Antonio Lebolo 752: 751: 742: 741: 735: 734: 733: 731: 728: 697: 694: 683: 676: 675: 671: 664: 663: 658:Antonio Lebolo 655: 648: 647: 646: 645: 644: 636: 633: 630: 629: 626: 623: 620: 613: 607: 606: 603: 596: 593: 590: 584: 583: 580: 577: 574: 567: 561: 560: 557: 554: 551:Book of Joseph 547: 544: 538: 537: 534: 531: 524: 514: 508: 507: 504: 501: 498: 495: 445:Oliver Cowdery 436: 433: 402:Book of Joseph 383:Kirtland, Ohio 341: 340: 338: 337: 330: 323: 315: 312: 311: 307: 306: 301: 296: 291: 286: 281: 276: 271: 266: 261: 256: 251: 245: 244: 241: 240: 237: 236: 232: 231: 226: 221: 216: 211: 205: 204: 201: 200: 197: 196: 192: 191: 186: 181: 176: 171: 169:Book of Joseph 166: 161: 159:Antonio Lebolo 156: 150: 149: 146: 145: 142: 141: 137: 136: 131: 126: 124:Book of Joseph 121: 116: 111: 106: 100: 99: 97:Related topics 96: 95: 92: 91: 87: 86: 81: 76: 71: 66: 60: 59: 56: 55: 52: 51: 45: 37: 36: 30: 29: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7781: 7770: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7726: 7724: 7709: 7699: 7697: 7691: 7687: 7685: 7675: 7674: 7671: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7654: 7653: 7650: 7648: 7647: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7609: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7592: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7567: 7565: 7563: 7557: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7545:September Six 7543: 7541: 7538: 7536: 7533: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7516: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7506: 7504: 7501: 7500: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7485: 7483: 7481: 7475: 7467: 7464: 7463: 7462: 7459: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7442: 7440: 7437: 7436: 7435: 7432: 7430: 7427: 7423: 7420: 7419: 7418: 7415: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7377: 7376: 7373: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7349: 7346: 7345: 7344: 7341: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7313: 7311: 7310: 7308: 7304: 7298: 7295: 7293: 7290: 7288: 7285: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7274: 7272: 7270: 7264: 7258: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7242:Sunday School 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7211: 7208: 7206: 7203: 7202: 7201: 7198: 7197: 7195: 7193: 7187: 7179: 7176: 7175: 7174: 7171: 7167: 7164: 7163: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7120: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7107: 7104: 7103: 7102: 7099: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7087: 7084: 7080: 7077: 7076: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7056: 7054: 7052: 7044: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7025: 7023: 7020: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7008: 7006: 7005:Homosexuality 7003: 7001: 6998: 6996: 6995:Birth control 6993: 6992: 6991: 6988: 6986: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6948:Black Mormons 6946: 6944: 6941: 6940: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6908: 6907: 6904: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6886: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6863: 6860: 6857: 6853: 6852: 6851: 6848: 6845: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6811: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6796: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6776: 6774: 6772: 6770:and practices 6764: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6735:Book of Moses 6733: 6732: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6712: 6710: 6708: 6702: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6650: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6623:Brigham Young 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6605: 6603: 6601: 6595: 6591: 6582: 6577: 6575: 6570: 6568: 6563: 6562: 6559: 6547: 6544: 6543: 6540: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6528:Theodemocracy 6526: 6524: 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6493: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6486:Golden plates 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6453: 6451: 6447: 6441: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6407: 6405: 6401: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6384: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6374: 6372: 6368: 6362: 6359: 6355: 6352: 6351: 6350: 6347: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6332:Mormon poetry 6330: 6329: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6316: 6313: 6312: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6305:Mormon cinema 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6277: 6275: 6271: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6239: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6185: 6184: 6181: 6180: 6179: 6176: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6166:current state 6164: 6163: 6162: 6159: 6158: 6156: 6154:Controversies 6152: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5997: 5995: 5991: 5985: 5982: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5959: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5931: 5928: 5927: 5926: 5923: 5919: 5916: 5915: 5914: 5911: 5910: 5908: 5906: 5902: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5865:Brigham Young 5863: 5861: 5860:Sidney Rigdon 5858: 5856: 5853: 5849: 5846: 5845: 5844: 5841: 5840: 5838: 5834: 5827: 5823: 5820: 5817: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5782:Book of Moses 5780: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5767: 5766: 5763: 5759: 5756: 5755: 5754: 5751: 5747: 5746:New Testament 5744: 5742: 5741:Old Testament 5739: 5738: 5737: 5734: 5733: 5731: 5727: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5710: 5709: 5706: 5705: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5691: 5690: 5687: 5686: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5662: 5661: 5658: 5657: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5640: 5638: 5636: 5632: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5607: 5605: 5601: 5597: 5590: 5585: 5583: 5578: 5576: 5571: 5570: 5567: 5560: 5555: 5551: 5550: 5533: 5529: 5525: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5507: 5503: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5481: 5477: 5476: 5471: 5470:Smith, Joseph 5467: 5463: 5458: 5447: 5443: 5439: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5422:(4): 97–119, 5421: 5417: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5402: 5400:9781598841084 5396: 5392: 5387: 5383: 5381:0-934893-54-3 5377: 5373: 5369: 5365: 5361: 5357: 5355:0-934893-63-2 5351: 5347: 5343: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5329:9780252023941 5325: 5321: 5317: 5316:Champaign, IL 5313: 5308: 5297: 5293: 5289: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5271: 5267: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5255: 5245:, 2001, p.306 5244: 5238: 5231: 5225: 5218: 5212: 5205: 5199: 5192: 5186: 5178: 5174: 5168: 5159: 5150: 5142: 5141:www.ucl.ac.uk 5138: 5132: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5112: 5103: 5094: 5086: 5082: 5076: 5070: 5066: 5062: 5056: 5047: 5045: 5043: 5034: 5028: 5026: 5016: 5007: 4998: 4987: 4981: 4973: 4969: 4963: 4954: 4939: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4915: 4908: 4900: 4896: 4890: 4881: 4872: 4864: 4860: 4854: 4852: 4842: 4833: 4824: 4815: 4805: 4797: 4793: 4787: 4772: 4768: 4762: 4752: 4744: 4740: 4739:"Facsimile 1" 4734: 4727: 4722: 4716:, p. 111 4715: 4710: 4708: 4706: 4698: 4693: 4683: 4674: 4672: 4662: 4653: 4647: 4641: 4632: 4625: 4619: 4612: 4606: 4600: 4594: 4584: 4573: 4567: 4565: 4557: 4556: 4550: 4543: 4542: 4535: 4528: 4521: 4512: 4502: 4483: 4476: 4474: 4466: 4450: 4446: 4445: 4440: 4434: 4427: 4426: 4421: 4415: 4408: 4404: 4400: 4398:0-02-879602-0 4394: 4390: 4386: 4385: 4380: 4376: 4369: 4360: 4344: 4343: 4338: 4331: 4322: 4313: 4306: 4301: 4291: 4285:, p. 66. 4284: 4283:Ritner (2013) 4279: 4277: 4269: 4264: 4262: 4254: 4249: 4243:, p. 62. 4242: 4241:Ritner (2013) 4237: 4235: 4233: 4225: 4219: 4210: 4201: 4192: 4183: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4165:9780252005619 4161: 4157: 4153: 4152: 4144: 4135: 4128: 4122: 4115: 4109: 4102: 4096: 4086: 4078: 4074: 4068: 4066: 4058: 4051: 4042: 4034: 4030: 4024: 4016: 4009: 4003: 3997: 3987: 3981: 3975: 3968: 3963: 3957: 3950: 3945: 3940: 3931: 3929: 3920: 3914: 3905: 3899: 3893: 3884: 3877: 3871: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3841: 3822: 3815: 3809: 3800: 3790: 3780: 3773: 3768: 3759: 3752: 3747: 3741:July 31, 1835 3740: 3734: 3727: 3722: 3713: 3704: 3696: 3688: 3684: 3678: 3671: 3666: 3657: 3647: 3640: 3635: 3627: 3623: 3617: 3608: 3600: 3596: 3590: 3581: 3570:September 10, 3565: 3559: 3553:, 70, 106-107 3552: 3546: 3539: 3533: 3524: 3516: 3512: 3506: 3499: 3496:Provo, Utah, 3493: 3484: 3475: 3467: 3463: 3457: 3450: 3444: 3434: 3427: 3421: 3419: 3409: 3402: 3398: 3392: 3383: 3376: 3370: 3361: 3352: 3350: 3341: 3337: 3331: 3329: 3319: 3311: 3305: 3295: 3288: 3282: 3272: 3266:, p. 236 3265: 3260: 3253: 3248: 3239: 3230: 3221: 3219: 3212: 3208: 3201: 3192: 3182: 3173: 3164: 3154: 3145: 3137: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3125: 3117: 3112: 3102: 3094: 3090: 3084: 3076: 3070: 3068: 3066: 3056: 3054: 3037: 3036: 3031: 3025: 3016: 3005: 2999: 2997: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2976: 2973:(2): 95–109. 2972: 2968: 2964: 2957: 2947: 2939: 2935: 2929: 2922: 2917: 2910: 2905: 2901: 2892: 2889: 2887: 2884: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2869: 2867: 2864: 2863: 2859: 2848: 2841: 2838: 2835:myth. 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Joseph Smith Papyri

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