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from an engineering point of view, and had come to a belief in its feasibility, so far as that could be determined from borings and surveys. Subsequently, however, he became convinced that the tunnel would not be to the advantage of Great
Britain, and thereafter would have nothing to do with the
43:
203:, the eminent Scottish Civil Engineer, who had been engaged by Lancashire investors to design a rail network to link Manchester, Leeds and the Humber. In the year of his majority, he obtained an appointment as engineer to the Bolivar Mining Association in
271:
He retained his connection with the
Lancashire & Yorkshire Company until his retirement from professional work in 1888, and was consulted on all the important engineering points that affected it in that long period. In London he was responsible for the
349:
determined to get the opinion of an
English engineer as to its practicability, having made up his mind to stop the works if that opinion was unfavourable. Hawkshaw was chosen to make the inquiry, and it was because his report was entirely favourable that
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456:(1841), who was also a civil engineer, Henry Paul (1843), Editha (1845), and Oliver (1846). Ada died of hydrocephalus in 1845. Oliver died in 1856 having contracted typhoid fever while the family were holidaying in Pitlochry, Scotland.
418:, which, from its magnitude and the difficulties encountered in its construction, was one of the most notable engineering undertakings of the 19th century. Following the inundation of the tunnel working in 1879, he employed
365:
as impracticable at a reasonable cost, although publicly he expressed no opinion on the matter and left the
Congress without voting. Sir John Hawkshaw also had a wide experience in constructing harbours (e.g.
211:
in the west of the newly independent country. The mine relied on a combination of small boats and mule to transport the ore to Point
Tucacas where it was shipped to England. During Hawkshaw's short stay at
199:. Before he was 21, Hawkshaw was employed under Charles Fowler in the construction of turnpike roads in the West Riding of Yorkshire. This was followed by a period working in the office of
319:, of steeper gradients than had previously been thought desirable or possible, and so far back as 1838 he expressed decided disapproval of the maintenance of the broad gauge on the
323:, because of the troubles he foresaw it would lead to in connection with future railway extension, and because he objected in general to breaks of gauge in the lines of a country.
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was able to say at the opening ceremony that to him he owed the canal. However, in his books with documents related to the Suez Canal, De
Lesseps does not mention Hawkshaw.
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961:
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595:"Reminiscences of South America from two and a half years' residence in Venezuela. By John Hawkshaw FGS. Jackson and Walford, St Paul's Churchyard".
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357:
As a member of the
International Congress which considered the construction of an inter-ocean canal across Central America, he thought best of the
264:
near
Heckmondwike. In 1850 he moved to London and began to practice as a consulting engineer, at first alone, but subsequently in partnership with
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was improved to cater for larger boats and the route of a future railway line from the mine to the coast planned. Unfortunately, the climate at
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was another branch of engineering in which John
Hawkshaw was actively engaged. In 1862 he became a chief engineer of the Dutch
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Company from 1872, but many years previously he had investigated for himself the question of a tunnel under the
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268:. In that capacity his work was of an extremely varied nature, embracing almost every branch of engineering.
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315:, Mauritius, etc. One noteworthy point in his railway practice was his advocacy, in opposition to
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In addition, many railway works claimed his attention in all parts of the world—Germany, Russia,
175:
MICE (9 April 1811 – 2 June 1891), was an
English civil engineer. He served as President of the
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docks, and subsequently was made engineer in charge of the railway and navigation works of the
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was more than Hawkshaw's health could stand, and in 1834 he was obliged to return to England.
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195:, Yorkshire, the son of Henry Hawkshaw, a hostler, and Sarah Carrington and was educated at
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He was elected an honorary member of the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1880.
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West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, 1512-1812
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375:
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284:; he was engineer of the East London railway, which passed under the Thames through
216:, a new road was constructed to reduce the mule haulage distance, navigation of the
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in London), in river-engineering, in drainage and sewerage, in water-supply, etc.
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Sir John Hawkshaw (in cart) inspecting the Severn Tunnel during its construction
878:. The Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway Society www.lyrs.org.uk. p. 131.
452:(d.1885). Ann and John had six children: Mary Jane Jackson (1838), Ada (1840),
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535:. The Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway Society www.lyrs.org.uk. p. 6.
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936:. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 99–100.
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he constructed the section of the Underground railway which completed the
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for which he constructed a large number of branch lines. One such was the
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He is also known for his construction of the Brighton sewerage system.
437:. The works started its construction in 1885 and was finished in 1898.
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railways, together with the two bridges which carried them over the
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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http://www.jdwetherspoon.co.uk/home/pubs/the-sir-john-hawkshaw
565:"Our Eminent Men. Anecdotal biography of Sir John Hawkshaw".
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312:
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345:. About that time the scheme was in very bad odour, and the
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Civil engineer from Leeds, Yorkshire, England (1811–1891)
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Presidents of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers
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He also designed the famous Puerto Madero, the port of
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UNKNOWN (1872). "Obituary. Clement Wilks, 1819–1871".
603:
693:
341:, he may be said to have been the saviour of the
1030:Presidents of the Institution of Civil Engineers
1001:
524:
414:project. He was also consulting engineer to the
735:Track Topics, A GWR Book of Railway Engineering
19:For his son, the civil engineer born 1841, see
726:
836:"Tropical Medicine | Catalogue search"
775:"The History of the Brighton Sewage System"
802:Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
244:. In 1845 he became chief engineer to the
41:
501:between December 1861 and December 1863.
422:as lead contractor to complete the work.
242:Manchester, Bolton and Bury Canal Company
179:1862-63. His most noteworthy work is the
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873:
800:"Obituary notices of fellows deceased".
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569:. 12 December 1884. pp. Supplement.
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474:In 1875, he was elected a Fellow of the
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1020:People educated at Leeds Grammar School
947:Professional and academic associations
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848:
842:
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361:route, and privately he regarded the
1055:Fellows of the Royal Society of Arts
510:A JD Wetherspoon pub located within
248:, and in 1847 to its successor, the
661:"Amsterdamsche Kanaal-Maatschappij"
13:
777:. 29 November 2016. Archived from
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514:is named "The Sir John Hawkshaw".
459:He died in London on 2 June 1891.
232:He soon obtained employment under
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262:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
250:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
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853:. Thomas Telford. p. 251.
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680:Proc Royal Geographical Society
382:, and South Dock (formerly the
970:December 1861 – December 1863
966:Institution of Civil Engineers
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653:
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558:
549:
499:Institution of Civil Engineers
497:He served as president of the
177:Institution of Civil Engineers
130:Institution of Civil Engineers
1:
694:Ferdinand de Lesseps (1876).
599:. 4 November 1838. p. 6.
580:"Sir John Hawkshaw FRS FGS".
567:The Central Glamorgan Gazette
517:
492:Henry Charles Fleeming Jenkin
254:Manchester and Southport line
207:. The company was developing
186:
1045:Fellows of the Royal Society
584:. 6 June 1891. pp. 6–7.
246:Manchester and Leeds Railway
7:
876:Sir John Hawkshaw 1811-1891
700:. King & + Co, London.
533:Sir John Hawkshaw 1811-1891
469:Fellow of the Royal Society
10:
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635:Minutes of the Proceedings
476:Royal Society of Edinburgh
256:surveyed by his associate
18:
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959:
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874:Beaumont, Martin (2015).
808:(302–307). January 1997.
531:Beaumont, Martin (2015).
504:He was knighted in 1873.
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337:According to a speech of
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1025:Engineers from Yorkshire
647:10.1680/imotp.1872.22924
933:Encyclopædia Britannica
597:Weekly True Sun, London
991:Works by John Hawkshaw
849:Watson, Garth (1988).
814:10.1098/rspl.1891.0002
741:. 1971 . p. 181.
401:He was engineer, with
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976:John Robinson McClean
739:Great Western Railway
733:"Severn Tunnel (1)".
512:Cannon Street station
478:. His proposers were
429:, collaborating with
396:
955:George Parker Bidder
781:on 21 September 2017
665:Algemeen Handelsblad
352:Ferdinand de Lesseps
326:The construction of
209:copper mines at Aroa
197:Leeds Grammar School
21:John Clarke Hawkshaw
667:. 21 November 1864.
448:In 1835 he married
435:James Murray Dobson
292:; and jointly with
260:and as well as the
928:Hawkshaw, Sir John
723:, pp. 99–100.
463:Honours and awards
405:, of the original
403:Sir James Brunlees
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370:) and docks (e.g.
147:Significant design
141:London Circle Line
112:Engineering career
1040:Harbour engineers
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981:
973:Succeeded by
885:978-0-9559467-7-6
641:(1872): 275–276.
542:978-0-9559467-7-6
467:He was elected a
317:Robert Stephenson
294:Sir J Wolfe-Barry
164:Sir John Hawkshaw
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1050:Knights Bachelor
952:Preceded by
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420:Thomas A. Walker
388:West India Docks
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332:North Sea Canal
286:Sir Marc Brunel
266:Harrison Hayter
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191:He was born in
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995:Open Library
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783:. Retrieved
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334:ship-canal.
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300:between the
298:inner circle
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126:Institutions
111:
56:9 April 1811
25:
1015:1891 deaths
1010:1811 births
454:John Clarke
450:Ann Jackson
376:Albert Dock
132:(president)
95:Nationality
78:2 June 1891
69:, Yorkshire
1004:Categories
851:The Civils
518:References
384:City Canal
343:Suez Canal
308:stations.
218:River Aroa
187:Early life
151:Suez Canal
118:Discipline
103:Occupation
82:1891-06-03
60:1811-04-09
962:President
822:186208058
386:) of the
359:Nicaragua
238:Liverpool
205:Venezuela
153:(inquiry)
368:Holyhead
137:Projects
106:Engineer
964:of the
921::
683:. 1870.
372:Penarth
347:khedive
302:Aldgate
236:at the
98:English
80: (
58: (
915:
882:
857:
820:
745:
704:
539:
444:Family
374:, the
328:canals
290:tunnel
282:Thames
228:Career
89:London
898:JDW,
818:S2CID
313:India
193:Leeds
67:Leeds
880:ISBN
855:ISBN
787:2017
743:ISBN
702:ISBN
537:ISBN
490:and
433:and
380:Hull
304:and
276:and
222:Aroa
214:Aroa
173:FRSA
170:FRSE
75:Died
53:Born
993:at
930:".
810:doi
643:doi
378:at
167:FRS
32:Sir
1006::
816:.
806:50
804:.
737:.
663:.
639:33
637:.
605:^
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486:,
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183:.
888:.
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23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
