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life. After this, Valjean's previously habitual visits to
Cosette at Marius' grandfather's house become shorter and shorter, until he ceases to visit at all, having become bedridden with loss of will to live. Some time after he stops coming, Thénardier visits Marius and claims that Valjean is a murderer and shows Marius several newspaper articles to prove this. Marius sees through Thénardier's disguise and, in an attempt to show Marius something that he does not already know, Thénardier shows newspaper clippings proving that M. Madeleine and Jean Valjean are the same person, and that Javert committed suicide. Marius is then told that Valjean was the man who had "assassinated" one of Marius' relatives, carrying the body through the sewers on 6 June. Realizing that Thénardier had seen Valjean saving him, Marius finishes with Thénardier and hurries with Cosette to Valjean's flat. Unfortunately, they are too late and find Valjean is dying. Valjean makes peace with Marius, with whom he had uneasy relations, and tells Cosette the name of her mother, Fantine. He dies content, under the light of the Bishop's candlesticks, and it is stated that an angel awaits to carry his soul to Heaven. He is buried in an unmarked grave, per his request, after death. An unknown person writes in pencil these four lines on the gravestone:
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police, unfortunately meeting Javert. Valjean walks right into the trap and attempts to escape Thénardier once he realizes this. Thénardier forces
Valjean to write a letter to Cosette, instructing her to come with the bearer. Valjean, however, gives Thénardier a false name and address and manages to free himself of the ropes tying him with the help of a file concealed in a hollowed-out coin, which is found afterwards. He berates the gang for thinking that they could force him to tell something he does not want to tell and burns his own left forearm with the poker Thénardier had used to threaten him before surrendering to the gang. It is at that moment that Javert enters the scene. There are a lot of people and confusion in the room, and the room is dimly lit allowing Valjean to escape through an open window before Javert recognizes him.
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good-will and of peace, you are more worthy than any one of us." A few books later Victor Hugo describes that "hat the Bishop had wished to make of him, that he carried out. It was more than a transformation; it was a transfiguration henceforth only two thoughts,âto conceal his name and to sanctify his life; to escape men and to return to God." Whenever
Valjean's desire to remain concealed conflicts with his desire to sanctify his life, " d not hesitate to sacrifice the first to the secondâhis security to his virtue." By the end of the novel, even the police officer Inspector Javert acknowledges that Valjean is "kneeling on the heights of virtue, more nearly akin to an angel than to a man."
637:"the Emperor" instead of "Bonaparte" and orders Valjean arrested for robbing Petit Gervais. Javert comes to arrest him the next day while Valjean is in Fantine's room. Valjean asks for three days to get Cosette from Montfermeil and give her to Fantine before he is arrested and Javert refuses, saying that it would be too easy for Valjean to escape. Fantine (who'd been told by the doctors that Valjean, who'd been at the trial, had been getting her daughter) was shocked to find that her daughter was not there already and that her savior was being arrested, and died of shock (her body had been greatly weakened by her poor living conditions and long illness, probably
700:, Valjean offers to take Cosette with him. Mme. Thénardier immediately accepts, but M. Thénardier haggles for a compensation and gets 1500 francs in the end. Valjean takes Cosette with him. Only now does the book confirm that the mysterious man Cosette met is actually Valjean. M. Thénardier is soon overcome with grief at having sold Cosette too cheaply and runs after them. When M. Thénardier demands more money, Valjean gives him the note Fantine signed before she died, saying that the bearer of the note was authorized to take Cosette. M. Thénardier tries to continue following Valjean, but is soon frightened back to the inn.
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711:, in the so-called "Gorbeau House". They cannot live calmly for longâin Spring 1824, Javert, who has been promoted to the police in Paris, finds the house. He has heard of a "kidnapping" from Montfermeil and remembers Valjean's request of three days. He has also heard of a man, poorly dressed, who gives money to other poor people, the "beggar who gives alms", who had a granddaughter with him and who has been heard to say that she came from Montfermeil. Javert goes undercover, discovers that it is Valjean, and makes plans to arrest him.
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convent and pull
Cosette up after him. They then climbed down a shed roof into a garden. it turned out that this was the convent where Fauchelevent worked, who wanted to return the favor and save Valjean's life this time. After almost burying Valjean alive in a scheme to get him out of the convent so that he could openly walk back into the convent, Fauchelevent was able to bring in his "brother" Ultimas (fr. Ultime) Fauchelevent (the real name of Fauchelevent's deceased brother). Cosette was admitted to the convent school.
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665:, whom he had promised to rescue). In July 1823, he was condemned to death for the 40-sous theft and the escape from the jail in Montreuil-sur-Mer, as the prosecutor claims that Valjean was part of a gang of street robbers and the latter refuses to defend himself. His sentence was graciously reduced by the king to only life in prison instead of death. Before he was captured, Valjean had already traveled near to Montfermeil and buried all the money he'd saved as M. Madeleineâa chapter tells of a worker in
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538:, a kind-hearted old clergyman in the town of Digne. The second book opens with the arrival of a stranger to the town of Digne, who is gradually revealed to be the ex-convict Jean Valjean. He searches for a place to stay the night and is repeatedly turned away because of his yellow passport, which marks him as a criminal. At last, he is taken in by the bishop, who trusts him, feeds him supper, and gives him a bed for the night.
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Fauchelevent. Javert, who witnessed the scene, tells
Madeleine that he had only known of one man capable of doing such a feat, and that was a convict doing forced labor in Toulon. Since Fauchelevent had earlier lost his business and now had a broken kneecap, Madeleine (Valjean) arranges a job at a convent for Fauchelevent. Valjean also buys the broken cart and horse as an excuse to give Fauchelevent money.
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763:) delivers a letter from Marius to Cosette, which mentions that Marius is at the barricade and will die as he promised her, since she left without a forwarding address. Valjean has another long inward struggle, at first feeling relief about Marius' certain death, then guilt about his former feeling. He joins the rebellion without an actual decision about his following actions.
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nobody wants to arrest him, so
Valjean says that they know where to find him and he returns to Montreuil-sur-Mer. The judge at the trial, although quite impressed with M. Madeleine's work and reputation, is shocked that Valjean, while mentioning a date that another convict had tattooed on himself (in order to prove that M. Madeleine was actually Jean Valjean) called
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550:. He attempted to escape four times, and each time his sentence was lengthened by three years; he also received an extra two years for once resisting recapture during his second escape. After nineteen years in prison, he was released, but by law must carry a yellow passport that announces he is an ex-convict.
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anonymous note, telling him to move. Valjean, feeling threatened since the incident with Thénardier and since he believes there has been a man hiding in his garden, decides to move to
England. He takes Cosette to the house in the Rue de l'Homme-Armé. This takes places during the first days of June 1832.
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Valjean does not know that
Cosette returns Marius' love and does not understand why Cosette seems less attached to "her grandfather" than before. He is happy to see that the brand wound he got during the attack makes her worry and care for him more. During one of their walks, they witness the passing
576:. He revolutionizes the town's manufacturing and earns a fortune, which he spends mostly for the town's good, paying for the maintenance (including required staff) of hospital beds, orphanages and schools. He is appointed mayor after refusing the first time. He declines the king's offer to make him a
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Only now is when
Valjean's and Cosette's life during the last years revealed: They lived in the convent until Fauchelevent's death, and left in 1829; Cosette is fourteen years old. Valjean buys three houses (so that he will always have somewhere to flee to) in Rue de l'Ouest (today Rue D'Assas), Rue
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acting unkindly to her as well, tattling on her to their mother when she tries to play with their temporarily abandoned doll. After seeing this, Valjean briefly leaves the inn and returns with a beautiful new doll to give to
Cosette, which she happily accepts. This makes Mme. Thénardier furious with
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That night, Valjean has a terrific struggle within himself, but finally decides to go to the trial and reveal his identity in order to free Champmathieu (for, if he gave himself up, who would care for Fantine or rescue Cosette?). He gives his evidence and proves that he is the real Jean Valjean, but
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They meet again by pure luck, six months later: Valjean is known for his generosity. As "the generous man from the St-Ătienne-church", ThĂ©nardier, Marius' neighbour, asks for charity. He recognises Valjean and decides to build a trap for him. Marius, overhearing the plans, denounces the plot to the
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Javert frequently refers to Jean Valjean as "Prisoner 24601", which never happens in the book. The number appears only twice in the novel, and is never spoken by Javert. It is only the first prison code of Valjean in the novel, but his only code in the musical. It was chosen by Victor Hugo when he
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Valjean recognizes Javert, and taking Cosette, walks out of the house and leaves. They barely manage to get away from Javert, who allowed Valjean to leave the house, believing that Valjean would take him to meet other criminals. Valjean managed to steal a rope from a streetlamp, climb a wall to a
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After recovering from his injuries, Marius receives permission from his grandfather to marry Cosette and they wed. The day after the wedding, Valjean reveals to Marius that he is an ex-convict. Marius, horrified, assumes the worst about Valjean's character and begins pushing him out of Cosette's
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Although a known criminal and a parolee, Valjean yet grows morally to represent the best traits of humanity. Bishop Myriel tells him in Volume I that "if you emerge from that sad place with thoughts of hatred and of wrath against mankind, you are deserving of pity; if you emerge with thoughts of
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Valjean was assigned a new number of 9430, but escapes from a sailing vessel after only a few months' imprisonment, on 16 November 1823, by apparently falling into the sea after a daring rescue of a sailor who had gotten stuck in a dangerous situation up in the ship's rigging. Thereafter he is
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During the night, he awakens and steals the bishop's silverware and silver plates, and runs off. He is arrested and brought back to the bishop. However, the Bishop admonishes Valjean (in front of the police) for forgetting to also take the silver candlesticks that he'd given Valjean, reminding
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Marius, through Ăponine, finds Cosette, stalks her house, leaves his daily love journal for her to find then one evening leaps over the gate and surprises her in the garden. They begin meeting every evening to gaze into each other's eyes. But it is also Ăponine, jealous, who throws Valjean an
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Hugo then details Valjean's background. He was born sometime in 1769 in a small town and orphaned as a child. He became a pruner and helped support his widowed sister and her seven children. In the winter of 1795, when resources were scarce, Valjean stole a loaf of bread from a local baker by
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from death. Fauchelevent had fallen beneath his wagon as his horse fell and broke two of its legs. Madeleine offers to pay anyone who could raise the wagon but nobody wants to risk his life climbing under the wagon. Madeleine turns pale, but gets down into the mud and lifts the wagon off
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Valjean allows Javert to arrest him, but quickly escapes. It is hinted that Valjean escaped with the help of a file hidden in a coin, an item he is later proved to possess. Valjean returns to his house to pack his clothes and hides behind the door when Javert comes looking for him.
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in disgrace by Valjean from his job for acting out of revenge incorrectly, saying that since he had been hard on others he could not be less harsh on himself but after Valjean repeatedly refuses, Javert says he will continue acting as police chief until a replacement can be found.
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Valjean, affronted that he would do such a thing for Cosette instead of her own daughters. M. Thénardier tells her that Valjean can do as he wishes as long as he pays them. That evening, Mme. Thénardier insists that Cosette will be turned out onto the street the next day.
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drew almost word for word on a friend's letter describing such an incident. On 22 February 1846, when he had begun work on the novel, Hugo witnessed the arrest of a bread thief while a duchess and her child watched the scene pitilessly from their coach.
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942:(Mr. Mayor). In the 2012 film adaptation of the musical, the factory foreman breaks up the fight between Fantine and the factory workers, announcing "Monsieur Madeleine's here!". The assumed name can also be seen on the door of his office.
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In the novel, Valjean is arrested for the second time after confessing to being a parole-breaker in court. Javert later chases him for escaping from prison. In the musical, Valjean neither gets arrested again nor escapes from
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Joy VanBuskirk, "Social Construction in Les Miserables: A Look at Jean Valjean's Identity Formation in the Context of Symbolic Interactionism's Labeling Theory" (2005) English Seminar Capstone Research Papers 8
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of a chain gang being taken from Paris south. The event leaves a profound impression on Cosette and makes Valjean even more determined to stop his ward from learning about his past.
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Valjean reveals his past to Marius before Marius and Cosette's wedding, and he also does not attend it. In the book, he does attend the wedding and confesses to Marius afterwards.
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Valjean takes Fantine to the local hospital (which is on the side of the mayor's house) and has her cared for. He learns of Cosette, Fantine's daughter, and tries to pay off the
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Bewildered and not understanding what the bishop is talking about, Valjean heads back out into the nearby mountains and meets a young traveling worker from Savoy named
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Javert then apologizes to "M. Madeleine", and tells him that the "real" Jean Valjean has been found and is to be tried the next day. Javert also asks that he be
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Valjean of his "promise" to use the silver to become an honest man, claiming to have bought Valjean's soul with it, withdrawing it from evil and giving it to
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A short chapter, mainly consisting of two newspaper articles, informs the reader that Valjean has been re-arrested while getting into the stagecoach to
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in 1862, the character of Jean Valjean has been in a large number of adaptations in numerous types of media based on the novel, such as
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and explains how she came to be abandoned by her child's father. In late 1815, Valjean, now using the name Madeleine, arrives in
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Valjean and Cosette do not live in Gorbeau House and take refuge from Javert in a convent in the
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It is only here that the novel finally reveals Madeleine to be Valjean, a fact which was heavily
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The First Detective: The Life and Revolutionary Times of Vidocq, Criminal, Spy and Private Eye
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It is only there that he learns of Cosette's love for Marius when a young boy (
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The death of Fantine; Valjean (as Monsieur Madeleine) closes her eyes.
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This article is about the fictional character in Victor Hugo's novel
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Golden Globe Award for Best Actor â Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
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and its various adaptations. For the novel by Solomon Cleaver, see
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Many notable actors have portrayed the role on screen, including
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Les Misérables became an Award Winning musical in London, 1985.
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Jean Valjean disguised as Monsieur Madeleine. Illustration by
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Les Misérables: Highlights from the Motion Picture Soundtrack
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mistreat her very badly. He sees the Thénardiers' daughters
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Given the high range of the role, particularly in parts of
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Valjean rescues Marius through the sewers. Illustration by
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believed that he was conceived on 24 June 1801 (that is,
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The revolt of the university students is based on the
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Valjean's character is loosely based on the life of
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Il dort. Quoique le sort fût pour lui bien étrange,
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1762:Société Plon et autres v. Pierre Hugo et autres
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912:"24,601" redirects here. For other uses, see
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1234:(Paris: Calman LĂ©vy, 1900), 129â30
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1317:Search for Jean Valjean
1312:Internet Movie Database
921:Synopsis of the musical
599:) had just been found.
294:Jeanne Mathieu (mother)
207:In-universe information
1618:Television adaptations
1290:The Hollywood Reporter
1259:Bellos, David (2017).
1183:Morton, James (2004).
1171:The Literature Network
914:24601 (disambiguation)
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743:Part Four: Saint-Denis
709:Boulevard de l'HĂŽpital
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1677:Songs and soundtracks
1244:Behr, Edward (1989).
1103:Cedarville University
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1096:Wiley Online Library
729:Jardin du Luxembourg
491:improve this section
420:Outline of the novel
373:[ÊÉÌval.ÊÉÌ]
316:(surrogate daughter)
1824:Fictional Catholics
1293:. 13 February 2013.
866:1832 June Rebellion
396:Ultime Fauchelevent
228:Ultime Fauchelevent
161:Alexander Gemignani
38:Fictional character
1439:Friends of the ABC
1173:. Jalic Inc. 2015.
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767:Part Five: Valjean
719:Part Three: Marius
696:The next morning,
635:Napoleon Bonaparte
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392:Monsieur Madeleine
225:Monsieur Madeleine
173:Kyle Jean-Baptiste
1819:Fictional thieves
1794:Fictional outlaws
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1700:I Dreamed a Dream
1527:Other adaptations
1270:978-1-846-14470-7
1143:www.gutenberg.org
940:Monsieur le maire
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1048:Liam Neeson
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682:Thénardiers
667:Montfermeil
659:Montfermeil
604:Thénardiers
382:Victor Hugo
378:protagonist
339:Nationality
273:Businessman
265:Tree pruner
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177:Drew Sarich
129:Liam Neeson
121:Gary Morris
117:Normie Rowe
79:Victor Hugo
1834:Food theft
1778:Categories
1371:Characters
1079:References
1028:Jean Gabin
956:In Act 2,
919:See also:
883:See also:
593:Bamatabois
430:Pontarlier
260:Occupation
185:Jon Robyns
109:Jean Gabin
93:Harry Baur
75:Created by
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212:Full name
145:Alfie Boe
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1419:Gavroche
1409:Enjolras
1221:, p. IV.
1148:29 April
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761:Gavroche
621:before.
329:Religion
310:Children
244:Nickname
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426:parolee
369:French:
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269:Convict
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1550:Radio
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858:Orion
705:Paris
438:Digne
424:As a
355:Death
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