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As
Francis was lead diver in the expedition, he was an important witness in the matter of the theft, however his race and status led to controversy on whether or not he could be called as a witness. In February 1548 he became the first known African to speak in an English court. Francis described
107:. He was the first African to give evidence in 1548 before a court. He was accused of being a 'slave' and an 'infidel' in an attempt to discredit his evidence, but he was paid wages so he was not a slave and furthermore, slaves were not allowed to give evidence in court.
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Despite being the first
African person to be recorded in court, his legal recognition during the trial did not set a precedent towards the legal status of black individuals in the future.
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368:"Recovering a black African's voice in an English lawsuit: Jacques Francis and the salvage operations of the Mary Rose and the Sancta Maria and Sanctus Edwardus, 1545-ca 1550"
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himself as Corsi's "famulus" (assistant) rather than a slave. It is unknown what happened to
Francis after February 1548 and his date of death is unknown.
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341:"BLACK TUDORS…A peek into the lives of ten people of the African Diaspora who lived in Tudor Britain"
278:"JACQUES FRANCIS: FROM A SKILLED GUINEAN DIVER TO THE FIRST AFRICAN WITNESS IN AN ENGLISH COURT"
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Francis was born around 1527 and was known to be of
African descent. It is believed he was from
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Tudor and Stuart
Seafarers: The Emergence of a Maritime Nation, 1485–1707
148:. During this expedition, Corsi was accused by Domenico Erizzo of theft.
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Francis and his team were also tasked with salvaging valuables from the
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201:"Francis, Jacques [also known as Jaques Frauncys] (b. 1527?)"
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Black salt : seafarers of
African descent on British ships
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Being the first
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243:Davey, James (2018). "Jacques Francis".
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130:Mary Rose
111:Biography
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