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80:
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1069:). One Solar Alpha Rotary Joint (SARJ) is located between the P3 and P4 truss segments and the other is located between the S3 and S4 truss segments. When in operation, these joints continuously rotate to keep the solar array wings on the outboard truss segments oriented towards the Sun. Each SARJ is 10 feet in diameter, weighs approximately 2,500 pounds and can be rotated continuously using bearing assemblies and a servo control system. On both the port and starboard sides, all of the power flows through the Utility Transfer Assembly (UTA) in the SARJ.
327:
702:
20:
105:
28:
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1123:
output of each string regulates the amount of power transferred. The regulated voltage setpoint is controlled by a computer located on the IEA and is normally set to around 140 volts. The SSU has an overvoltage protection feature to maintain the output voltage below 200 V DC maximum for all operating conditions. This power is then passed through the BMRRM to the DCSU located in the IEA. The SSU measures 32 by 20 by 12 inches (81 by 51 by 30 cm) and weighs 185 pounds (84 kg).
682:
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are smaller than the older nickel-hydrogen batteries. Although Li-ion batteries typically have shorter lifetimes than Ni-H2 batteries as they cannot sustain as many charge/discharge cycles before suffering notable degradation, the ISS Li-ion batteries have been designed for 60,000 cycles and ten years of lifetime, much longer than the original Ni-H2 batteries' design life span of 6.5 years.
1602:
573:
319:
2623:
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1923:
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620:) detached the P6 truss from Z1, remounted it on the P5 truss, redeployed its radiator panels, and attempted to redeploy its SAWs. One SAW (2B) was deployed successfully but the second SAW (4B) developed a significant tear that temporarily stopped deployment at around 80%. This was subsequently fixed and the array is now fully deployed. A later assembly mission (the out of sequence
420:
1150:. Ni-H2 batteries on the P6 truss were replaced in 2009 and 2010 with more Ni-H2 batteries brought by Space Shuttle missions. The nickel-hydrogen batteries had a design life of 6.5 years and could exceed 38,000 charge/discharge cycles at 35% depth of discharge. Each battery measured 40 by 36 by 18 inches (102 by 91 by 46 cm) and weighed 375 pounds (170 kg).
497:(SARJ), and Unpressurized Cargo Carrier Attach System (UCCAS). The primary functions of the P3 truss segment are to provide mechanical, power and data interfaces to payloads attached to the two UCCAS platforms; axial indexing for solar tracking, or rotating of the arrays to follow the sun, via the SARJ; movement and worksite accommodations for the
1141:
The batteries ensure that the station is never without power to sustain life-support systems and experiments. During the sunlight part of the orbit, the batteries are recharged. The nickel-hydrogen batteries had a design life of 6.5 years which means that they were replaced multiple times during the
1181:
concluded the campaign on
February 1, 2021. There is a number of differences between the two battery technologies. One difference is that the lithium-ion batteries can handle twice the charge, so only half as many lithium-ion batteries were needed during replacement. Also, the lithium-ion batteries
1013:. These arrays are more lightweight and generate more energy than the existing arrays. They are intended to be deployed along the central part of the wings up to two thirds of their length. Work to install support brackets for the new arrays on the P6 truss mast cans was initiated by the members of
1122:
The sequential shunt unit (SSU) is designed to coarsely regulate the solar power collected during periods of insolation—when the arrays collect power during sun-pointing periods. A sequence of 82 separate strings, or power lines, leads from the solar array to the SSU. Shunting, or controlling, the
198:
Another objective of the Z1 truss was to serve as a temporary mounting position for the "P6 truss and solar array" until its relocation to the end of the P5 truss during STS-120. Though not a part of the main truss, the Z1 truss was the first permanent lattice-work structure for the ISS, very much
992:
Over time, the photovoltaic cells on the wings have degraded gradually, having been designed for a 15-year service life. This is especially noticeable with the first arrays to launch, with the P6 and P4 Trusses in 2000 and 2006. To augment the P6 truss' wings, in June 2021 and
November 2022, NASA
765:
253:
ion thruster on the station to take over reboost duties. In 2013, the thruster module was intended to be placed on top of the Z1 truss in 2015. NASA and Ad Astra signed a contract for development of the VASIMR engine for up to three years in 2015. However, in 2015 NASA ended plans for flying the
1107:
In 2007, a problem was detected in the starboard SARJ and in one of the two beta gimbal assemblies (BGA). Damage had occurred due to excessive and premature wear of a track in the joint mechanism. The SARJ was frozen during problem diagnosis, and in 2008 lubrication was applied to the track to
468:
that will aim the solar arrays, and connects P3 to P4. Upon its installation, no power was flowing across the rotary joint, so the electricity generated by the P4 solar array wings was only being used on the P4 segment and not the rest of the station. Then in
December 2006, a major electrical
217:
The Z1 truss also features a forward-facing Manual
Berthing Mechanism (MBM) ring. This MBM is not a port and is not pressurized or electrically powered, but it can be operated with a handheld tool to berth any passive CBM to it. The Z1 truss's MBM was used only once, to temporarily hold
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272:
421:
237:
In
October 2007, the P6 truss element was disconnected from Z1 and moved to P5; P6 will now be permanently connected with P5. The Z1 truss is now solely used to house the CMGs, communications equipment, and the plasma contactors; furthermore, Z1 connects now solely to
422:
346:
in April 2002. S0 is used to route power to the pressurized station modules and conduct heat away from the modules to the S1 and P1 Trusses. The S0 truss is not docked to the ISS but is connected with four Module to Truss
Structure (MTS) stainless steel struts.
394:
in
November 2002. Detailed design, test, and construction of the S1 and P1 structures were conducted by McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) in Huntington Beach, CA. First parts were cut for the structure in 1996, and delivery of the first truss occurred in 1999.
91:
components were named after their planned end-positions: Z for zenith, S for starboard and P for port, with the number indicating the sequential position. The S0 truss might be considered a misnomer, as it is mounted centrally on the zenith position of
273:
424:
1639:
795:
523:
Years later, iROSA 3 and 4 was added in front of Old 3A and 4A solar arrays on S4 and P4 truss respectively and iROSA 5 was added in front of Old 1B solar array on S4 truss in
December 2022 and June 2023 respectively.
848:
829:
627:
Years later, iROSA 1 and 2 was added in front of Old 4B and 2B solar arrays on P6 truss and iROSA 6 was added in front of Old 1B solar array on S6 truss in June 2021 and June 2023 respectively.
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721:
254:
VF-200 to the ISS. A NASA spokesperson stated that the ISS "was not an ideal demonstration platform for the desired performance level of the engines". (An example of a spacecraft that used an
951:
Each of the Solar Array Wings are 34 m (112 ft) long by 12 m (39 ft) wide, have roughly 1,100 kg (2,400 lb) of mass, and are capable of generating nearly 30
2243:
2512:
600:(SAW) that generated essential electricity for the station, prior to activation of the SAW on the P4 truss. It was originally mounted to the Z1 truss and had its SAW extended during
288:
This 2001 photo shows the alternate configuration of the truss, in which Z1 Truss was a critical element between the solar arrays and the modules. Photo includes the P6 solar array.
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1904:
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The P5 and S5 trusses are connectors that support the P6 and S6 trusses, respectively. The P3/P4 and S3/S4 truss assemblies' length was limited by the cargo bay capacity of the
1825:
638:
1097:
199:
like a girder, setting the stage for the future addition of the station's major trusses or backbones. It is made from stainless steel, titanium, and aluminum alloys.
259:
3240:
3219:
1065:
joint is the main rotary joint allowing the solar arrays to track the sun; in nominal operation the alpha joint rotates by 360° each orbit (however, see also
1053:
installed the third set of brackets and arrays, one each on the S6 and S4 Trusses. A final set of arrays will be installed on the P4 and S6 trusses in 2025.
2880:
1197:
1117:
883:
661:
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assemblies allow transmission of data and power across the rotating interface so it never has to unwind. The SARJ was designed, built, and tested by
866:
3196:
1624:
113:
3102:
1208:
carrying them 108 metres down rails between the S3 and P3 truss. Beyond the rails
Canadarm2 can step over the alpha rotary joint and relocate to
2072:
701:
2981:
2549:
2247:
2047:
552:, so these small (3.37 m long) connectors are needed to extend the truss. The P5 truss was installed on December 12, 2006, during the first
520:(PVR), the Alpha Joint Interface Structure (AJIS), and Modified Rocketdyne Truss Attachment System (MRTAS), and Beta Gimbal Assembly (BGA).
2516:
2608:
3201:
1633:
1225:
1070:
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916:(SAW). The first pair of arrays are attached to the P6 truss segment, which was launched and installed on top of Z1 in late 2000 during
681:
3001:
2174:
2331:
2123:
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for compact delivery to space. Once in orbit, the deployment mast between each pair of blankets unfolds the array to its full length.
2991:
2097:
1908:
278:
An animation displaying different views of the Z1 Truss which was installed on the
International Space Station by the crew of STS-92.
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1017:. Work to install and deploy the first two arrays themselves on the P6 brackets was successfully conducted over three spacewalks by
817:
2485:
23:
EVA view of the ISS solar arrays and steel truss structure. The white cladding are Kevlar panels to protect from micro-meteoroids
2948:
2443:
1080:
The Solar Alpha Rotary Joints contain Drive Lock Assemblies which allow the outer segments of the ITS to rotate and track the
473:
routed this power to the entire grid. The S3/S4 truss assembly—a mirror-image of P3/P4—was installed on June 11, 2007 also by
2986:
2707:
2300:
2468:"Space Systems/Loral awarded $ 103 million contract to build critical power systems for the International Space Station"
2467:
1968:
1941:
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capability of the Space Station Freedom design was no longer needed at that location. As such, P2 and S2 were canceled.
2795:
460:
mission, launched September 9, 2006, and attached to the P1 segment. The P3 and P4 segments together contain a pair of
1130:
cells and associated electrical and mechanical equipment. Each battery assembly has a nameplate capacity of 110
966:, each cell measuring 8 cm x 8 cm, grouped into 82 active panels, each consisting of 200 cells, with 4,100
141:
1191:
1138:) (originally 81 Ah) and 4 kWh (14 MJ). This power is fed to the ISS via the BCDU and DCSU respectively.
3150:
959:
power. They are split into two photovoltaic blankets, with the deployment mast in between. Each blanket has 16,400
501:. The P3/S3 primary structure is made of a hexagonal-shaped aluminum structure and includes four bulkheads and six
2971:
1710:
1682:
490:
and mounted to the S1 truss segment. It is the heaviest station-bound module ever launched by the Space Shuttle.
2403:
3245:
3124:
2976:
1142:
expected 30-year life of the station. The batteries and the battery charge/discharge units are manufactured by
1696:
920:. The P6 segment was relocated to its final position, bolted to the P5 truss segment, in November 2007 during
2900:
1041:
installed the second set of brackets and arrays, one each on the P4 and S4 Trusses. In June 2023, astronauts
624:) mounted the S6 truss on the S5 truss, which provided a fourth and final set of solar arrays and radiators.
2365:
1881:
932:
in December 2006 when the station got an electrical rewiring. The third pair of arrays was installed during
1201:
129:
117:
1802:
1744:
1169:
began the process of converting some of the oldest batteries on the ISS to the new lithium-ion batteries.
210:
and contains a small pressurized dome that allowed astronauts to connect electrical ground straps between
2966:
2717:
1030:
901:
854:
604:, but the SAW was folded, one half at a time, to make room for the SAWs on the P4 and S4 trusses, during
44:
2213:
1092:. There are two race rings and two DLAs in each SARJ providing on-orbit redundancy, however a series of
3006:
2937:
2930:
1213:
909:
892:
461:
219:
214:
and the truss without an EVA. In addition, the dome inside the CBM of Z1 can be used as storage space.
379:
and astronauts to worksites along with the space station. They each flow 290 kg (637 lb) of
2895:
2890:
2700:
2021:
1042:
778:
506:
339:
203:
121:
3170:
2875:
2851:
752:
234:. Since the installation of the nearby S0 truss in April 2002, access to the MBM has been blocked.
188:
989:
the arrays so that they face the Sun to provide maximum power to the International Space Station.
3175:
2915:
2732:
1577:
801:
782:
771:
553:
376:
246:
2685:
403:
The P2 and S2 trusses were planned as locations for rocket thrusters in the original design for
79:
3180:
3165:
3129:
2221:
Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium, NASA Kennedy Space Center, 7–9 May 2010
1618:
1126:
Each battery assembly, situated on the S4, P4, S6, and P6 Trusses, consists of 24 lightweight
945:
477:
452:
294:
175:
125:
2195:
1660:
3145:
3078:
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2836:
2801:
2429:
2148:
1565:
617:
487:
404:
2885:
2822:
2815:
2762:
2755:
2693:
2335:
1857:
1589:
994:
887:
2661:
1942:"Watch spacewalking astronauts add a new solar array to International Space Station today"
8:
3160:
2842:
2808:
2776:
2450:
1765:"Ad Astra Rocket Company and NASA move to execution phase of NextSTEP VASIMR partnership"
1154:
1143:
1127:
133:
83:
High elevation view of the truss steelwork, port-side radiators and solar arrays, in 2019
498:
326:
3025:
2858:
2787:
2769:
2748:
2741:
2332:"International Space Station Nickel-Hydrogen Batteries Approached 3-Year On-Orbit Mark"
2306:
1826:"Boeing-Built Truss Provides Increased Electrical Power to International Space Station"
1697:"International Space Station Status Briefing, June 13, 2005 – Commander with packed Z1"
1541:
1178:
302:
148:
147:
The structural framework was made using several manufacturing processes, including the
2583:"Spacewalking astronauts complete a space station battery upgrade years in the making"
2489:
1553:
3155:
3050:
2829:
2310:
2296:
2281:"International Space Station Lithium-ion Batteries for Primary Electric Power System"
1601:
1066:
986:
963:
338:) forms the central backbone of the Space Station. It was attached on the top of the
2098:"NASA astronauts unfurl 4th roll-out solar array on spacewalk outside space station"
2288:
1174:
192:
56:
1994:
596:
The P6 truss was the second truss segment to be added because it contains a large
51:
on which various unpressurized components are mounted such as logistics carriers,
19:
3011:
2640:
1764:
1728:
1209:
1162:
1100:(TBAs) to utilize the alternate race ring. A spare DLA was brought to the ISS on
1074:
1034:
1018:
998:
137:
104:
68:
2214:"The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation"
924:. The second pair of arrays was launched and installed in September 2006 during
781:
robotic arm hands off the P5 truss section to the International Space Station's
493:
Major P3 and S3 subsystems include the Segment-to-Segment Attach System (SSAS),
2942:
2280:
1022:
956:
108:
NASA Astronaut Reid Wiseman inspects the steel framework of the truss structure
60:
27:
2292:
3234:
2627:
2568:
2535:
2471:
2364:
Dalton, Penni; Bowens, Ebony; North, Tim; Balcer, Sonia (November 19, 2019).
2266:
1927:
1170:
1166:
1158:
1050:
1046:
1038:
1026:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
857:
on November 5, 2007 after relocation of the P6 truss assembly (far right) by
549:
512:
Major subsystems of the P4 and S4 Photovoltaic Modules (PVM) include the two
474:
449:
298:
2513:"Spacewalkers complete multi-year effort to upgrade space station batteries"
1212:
on the S6 and P6 truss. During STS-120 Astronaut Scott Parazynski rode the
648:
255:
2022:"Spacewalking NASA astronauts erect support frame for new ISS solar array"
872:
The space station, showing the completed truss assembly (as of March 2009)
195:
designed to neutralize the static electrical charge of the space station.
1969:"Spacewalking astronauts deploy second new solar array for space station"
1131:
1093:
428:
The components and the unfolding of the P3/P4 Truss in Detail (Animation)
156:
152:
140:. The trusses were then transported or shipped to Kennedy Space Center's
407:. Since the Russian parts of the ISS also provided that capability, the
1905:"New Solar Arrays to Power NASA's International Space Station Research"
249:
announced an agreement with NASA to place a flight test version of its
191:(CMG) assemblies, electrical wiring, communications equipment, and two
509:
locations, first to be launched and installed in the 2009 time frame.
16:
Part of the International Space Station; sequence of connected trusses
2920:
2910:
1749:
1089:
974:
386:
through three heat rejection radiators. The S1 truss was launched on
380:
64:
588:
2426:"Nickel-Hydrogen Battery Cell Life for International Space Station"
2013:
502:
63:
architecture. It is approximately 110 meters long and is made from
52:
1525:
1153:
From 2017 to 2021, the nickel-hydrogen batteries were replaced by
580:
375:) are attached to the S0 truss and contain carts to transport the
284:
2715:
2626:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2567:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2534:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2265:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1926:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1505:
1482:
1459:
1436:
1413:
1390:
1367:
1344:
1321:
1135:
1101:
960:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
858:
808:
786:
756:
732:
712:
692:
672:
621:
613:
609:
605:
561:
557:
540:
483:
470:
457:
408:
391:
387:
383:
355:
343:
1745:"High-Tech VASIMR Engine Could Power Superfast Journeys to Mars"
3097:
2925:
2073:"Spacewalkers Complete New Solar Array Installation on Station"
1298:
1275:
1205:
1147:
1085:
978:
941:
917:
905:
652:
601:
440:
432:
250:
231:
202:
While the bulk of the Z1 truss is unpressurized, it features a
184:
2404:"EVA-39: Spacewalkers complete the upgrading of ISS batteries"
835:
S3 truss end piece manufacturing at Boeing in Huntington Beach
2149:"ISS finishes initial iROSA upgrade with two EVAs this month"
1636: – Process of assembling the International Space Station
967:
167:
88:
48:
2550:"Spacewalkers wrap up battery work and camera installations"
1683:"International Space Station Status Briefing, June 13, 2005"
572:
532:
363:
318:
242:(Node 1) and no longer houses other space station elements.
2244:"Astronauts complete first of two power upgrade spacewalks"
2048:"Spacewalkers Exit Station to Install Roll-Out Solar Array"
1196:
The Mobile Base System (MBS) is a platform (mounted on the
952:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2353:
1219:
807:
approaches the International Space Station during mission
47:(ISS) consists of a linear arranged sequence of connected
2609:"Spacewalk wraps up with upgrades on European lab module"
1081:
262:, whose engine allowed it to maintain a very low orbit.)
260:
Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer
206:(CBM) port that connects its nadir to the zenith port of
2366:"International Space Station Lithium-ion Battery Status"
1661:"Truss structure to be added to the space station today"
735:
September 13, 2006. Astronauts give scale to the image.
2363:
2350:
1640:
List of spaceflights to the International Space Station
1629:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
912:
currently on the station, sometimes referred to as the
330:
S0 truss steel mount structure connecting to the US lab
31:
ISS elements as of December 2022 in exploded view.
2398:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2279:
Schwanbeck, Eugene; Dalton, Penni (16 December 2019).
940:. More solar power was to have been available via the
896:
Close-up view of solar array folded like an accordion.
2124:"NASA Spacewalkers Complete Solar Array Installation"
183:
The first truss piece, the Z1 truss, launched aboard
2486:"STS-97 Payload: Photovoltaic Array Assembly (PVAA)"
2470:(Press release). Loral. July 8, 2003. Archived from
2449:. Space Systems Loral. February 1998. Archived from
1799:"Ask The Mission Team - Question and Answer Session"
1782:
NASA nixes Ad Astra rocket test on the space station
1118:
Electrical system of the International Space Station
936:
in June 2007. A final pair arrived in March 2009 on
884:
Electrical system of the International Space Station
2383:
1088:which engages with the race ring that serves as a
336:Center Integrated Truss Assembly Starboard 0 Truss
59:, and other equipment. It supplies the ISS with a
1896:
1192:Mobile Servicing System § Mobile Base System
1111:
1096:would be required to reposition the DLAs and the
560:. The S5 truss was brought into orbit by mission
390:in October 2002 and the P1 truss was launched on
3232:
2278:
1625:Manufacturing of the International Space Station
811:with the S5 truss section ready to be installed.
414:
373:Port and Starboard Side Thermal Radiator Trusses
2196:New solar array drive motor successfully tested
1658:
3040:
448:The P3/P4 truss assembly was installed by the
3241:Components of the International Space Station
2701:
2600:
2089:
1727:"Active and Passive with latches and bolts".
494:
465:
2175:"STS-122 spacewalkers gain extra protection"
2172:
2140:
1029:. In November and December 2022, astronauts
993:launched four of a scaled-up version of the
928:, but they didn't provide electricity until
2436:
2285:2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC)
1852:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1817:
1757:
1730:ISS Interface Mechanisms and their Heritage
1634:Assembly of the International Space Station
1226:Assembly of the International Space Station
1056:
2708:
2694:
2146:
973:Each pair of blankets was folded like an
2096:Pearlman, Robert Z. (22 December 2022).
2095:
2020:Pearlman, Robert Z. (15 November 2022).
2019:
1966:
1843:
1524:
1216:to repair a tear in the 4B solar array.
891:
587:
579:
571:
539:
531:
439:
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418:
362:
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325:
317:
293:
283:
268:
174:
166:
103:
96:and is neither starboard nor port side.
78:
26:
18:
2212:Harik, Elliott P.; et al. (2010).
1775:
1627: – Fabrication of the ISS elements
1533:
1220:Truss and solar array assembly sequence
371:The P1 and S1 trusses (also called the
3233:
2949:Window Observational Research Facility
2606:
2547:
2510:
2241:
2121:
2070:
2045:
1939:
1902:
1882:"Spread Your Wings, It is Time to Fly"
1823:
823:EVA view of structural steel framework
2689:
2643:. Canadian Space Agency. 20 June 2018
2574:
2211:
1185:
630:
2662:"International Space Station Basics"
2580:
1967:Pearlman, Robert Z. (25 June 2021).
1824:Howard, Courtney E. (July 1, 2007).
2166:
2147:Davenport, Justin (June 15, 2023).
1659:William Harwood (14 October 2000).
840:
74:
13:
2581:Gohd, Chelsea (February 1, 2021).
2173:Chris Bergin (November 28, 2007).
1987:
1940:Howell, Elizabeth (25 June 2021).
1478:P6 truss—solar array (relocation)
564:and installed on August 11, 2007.
14:
3257:
908:is from the four large U.S.-made
597:
567:
527:
513:
398:
350:
187:in October 2000. It contains the
144:for final assembly and checkout.
142:Space Station Processing Facility
3215:
3214:
3151:Centrifuge Accommodations Module
3024:
2621:
2607:Garcia, Mark (27 January 2021).
2562:
2548:Garcia, Mark (1 February 2021).
2529:
2511:Garcia, Mark (1 February 2021).
2260:
2071:Garcia, Mark (3 December 2022).
2046:Garcia, Mark (3 December 2022).
1995:"Expedition 65 Information Page"
1921:
1903:Garcia, Mark (11 January 2021).
1830:Military + Aerospace Electronics
1600:
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3125:Multi-Purpose Logistics Modules
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2324:
2272:
2242:Garcia, Mark (6 January 2017).
2235:
2205:
2188:
2115:
2064:
2039:
1960:
1933:
1874:
877:
612:respectively. Shuttle mission
334:The S0 truss, (also called the
226:lab was being berthed onto the
116:by Boeing in its facilities at
2901:International Docking Adapters
2641:"About the Mobile Base System"
1791:
1737:
1720:
1703:
1689:
1675:
1652:
1112:Power conditioning and storage
1084:. A component of the DLA is a
517:
505:. The S3 truss also supports
258:to maintain its orbit was the
120:(formerly McDonnell Douglas),
1:
2444:"International Space Station"
1788:, Irene Klotz. 17 March 2015.
1645:
415:P3/P4, S3/S4 truss assemblies
1716:(Press release). 2002-06-02.
1621: – Cancelled ISS module
179:Z1 Truss is above the module
130:Marshall Space Flight Center
118:Huntington Beach, California
7:
2938:Pressurized Mating Adapters
2718:International Space Station
2122:Garcia, Mark (2023-06-09).
1612:
997:, in two pairs, aboard the
902:International Space Station
855:International Space Station
711:element being installed on
691:element being installed on
469:rewiring of the station by
313:
162:
45:International Space Station
10:
3262:
2906:Integrated Truss Structure
2896:ExPRESS Logistics Carriers
2891:External Stowage Platforms
1733:. 2011-01-01. 20110010964.
1223:
1189:
1146:(SS/L), under contract to
1115:
1098:Trundle Bearing Assemblies
881:
37:Integrated Truss Structure
3210:
3189:
3138:
3115:
3090:
3071:
3064:
3033:
3022:
2957:
2868:
2786:
2731:
2724:
2293:10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932009
584:P6 truss after relocation
507:EXPRESS Logistics Carrier
340:Destiny Laboratory Module
305:inside the Z1 truss dome.
204:Common Berthing Mechanism
122:Michoud Assembly Facility
3197:Manufacturing of the ISS
3171:Universal Docking Module
1583:P3/4 / S3/4 Truss design
1432:S3/S4 truss—solar array
1386:P3/P4 truss—solar array
1077:and its subcontractors.
1057:Solar alpha rotary joint
495:Solar Alpha Rotary Joint
189:control moment gyroscope
112:ISS truss segments were
3176:Russian Research Module
2916:Mobile Servicing System
2202:(accessed July 9, 2012)
1711:"NASA STS-92 Press Kit"
1200:) for the robotic arms
948:, but it was canceled.
785:during shuttle mission
731:being installed during
247:Ad Astra Rocket Company
3166:Science Power Platform
3130:Interim Control Module
2515:. NASA. Archived from
2488:. NASA. Archived from
2474:on September 28, 2007.
2428:. NASA. Archived from
2334:. NASA. Archived from
2246:. NASA. Archived from
2177:. NASA SpaceFlight.com
1907:. NASA. Archived from
1801:. NASA. Archived from
1619:Science Power Platform
1530:
1294:P6 truss— solar array
1157:. On January 6, 2017,
946:Science Power Platform
897:
593:
585:
577:
545:
537:
445:
437:
429:
368:
360:
331:
323:
306:
289:
279:
245:In December 2008, the
180:
172:
126:New Orleans, Louisiana
109:
84:
32:
24:
3246:Spacecraft components
3079:Axiom Orbital Segment
2456:on December 27, 2014.
1884:. NASA. July 26, 2006
1528:
1501:S6 truss—solar array
1155:lithium-ion batteries
895:
591:
583:
575:
543:
535:
518:Photovoltaic Radiator
443:
435:
427:
405:Space Station Freedom
366:
358:
329:
321:
297:
287:
277:
178:
170:
155:, friction-stir, and
107:
82:
30:
22:
3181:Science Power Module
2886:European Robotic Arm
2198:, January 30, 2008,
1607:P6 / S6 Truss design
1595:P5 / S5 Truss design
1571:P1 / S1 Truss design
1534:Technical schematics
1529:ISS Truss Components
995:Roll Out Solar Array
983:Beta Gimbal Assembly
888:Roll Out Solar Array
749:S3/S4 truss assembly
747:The newly installed
729:P3/P4 truss assembly
464:, a radiator, and a
3202:Assembly of the ISS
3161:Crew Return Vehicle
2911:Life Support System
2519:on 25 February 2021
2492:on January 23, 2001
2287:. IEEE. p. 1.
2153:NASASpaceFlight.com
1858:"STS-115 Press kit"
1805:on November 4, 2013
1753:. 19 November 2013.
1214:Orbiter Boom Sensor
1144:Space Systems/Loral
1128:lithium-ion battery
1108:address the issue.
910:photovoltaic arrays
134:Huntsville, Alabama
3083:US Deorbit Vehicle
2716:Components of the
2406:. January 13, 2017
2250:on 12 October 2019
2194:WILLIAM HARWOOD, "
1531:
1395:September 9, 2006
1372:November 23, 2002
1303:November 30, 2000
1198:Mobile Transporter
1186:Mobile Base System
1179:Michael S. Hopkins
985:(BGA) are used to
964:photovoltaic cells
904:'s main source of
898:
631:Gallery of Trusses
616:(assembly mission
594:
586:
578:
546:
538:
499:Mobile Transporter
446:
438:
430:
369:
361:
332:
324:
307:
303:Sergei K. Krikalev
290:
280:
181:
173:
149:investment casting
110:
85:
33:
25:
3228:
3227:
3156:Habitation Module
3146:Propulsion Module
3111:
3110:
3060:
3059:
3020:
3019:
2881:Electrical System
2302:978-1-7281-2126-0
1771:. 10 August 2015.
1663:. Spaceflight Now
1523:
1522:
1487:October 23, 2007
1418:December 9, 2006
1280:October 11, 2000
1067:Night Glider mode
914:Solar Array Wings
789:in December 2006.
759:on June 11, 2007.
751:during the first
715:November 28, 2002
514:Solar Array Wings
425:
311:
310:
275:
193:plasma contactors
3253:
3218:
3217:
3069:
3068:
3038:
3037:
3028:
2729:
2728:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2687:
2686:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2666:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2637:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2578:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2545:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2448:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2400:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2370:
2361:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2338:on March 7, 2005
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2276:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2218:
2209:
2203:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2006:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1937:
1931:
1925:
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1679:
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1672:
1670:
1668:
1656:
1630:
1604:
1592:
1580:
1568:
1556:
1544:
1455:S5 truss—spacer
1409:P5 truss—spacer
1349:October 7, 2002
1230:
1229:
1210:grapple fixtures
1175:Victor J. Glover
869:
851:
841:Truss subsystems
832:
820:
798:
768:
744:
724:
704:
695:October 10, 2002
684:
664:
641:
598:Solar Array Wing
426:
276:
265:
264:
75:Truss components
3261:
3260:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3206:
3185:
3134:
3117:
3107:
3086:
3056:
3042:
3029:
3016:
2959:
2953:
2864:
2782:
2733:Russian Segment
2720:
2714:
2683:
2681:
2680:
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2668:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2646:
2644:
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2273:
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2240:
2236:
2226:
2224:
2216:
2210:
2206:
2200:Spaceflight Now
2193:
2189:
2180:
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2167:
2157:
2155:
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2130:
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2028:
2018:
2014:
2004:
2002:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1978:
1976:
1975:. Future US Inc
1965:
1961:
1951:
1949:
1948:. Future US Inc
1938:
1934:
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1901:
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1648:
1628:
1615:
1608:
1605:
1596:
1593:
1584:
1581:
1572:
1569:
1560:
1559:S0 Truss design
1557:
1548:
1547:Z1 Truss design
1545:
1536:
1510:March 15, 2009
1464:August 8, 2007
1264:
1257:
1250:
1228:
1222:
1194:
1188:
1163:Shane Kimbrough
1120:
1114:
1075:Lockheed Martin
1059:
1035:Josh A. Cassada
1031:Francisco Rubio
1019:Shane Kimbrough
999:SpaceX Dragon 2
981:, known as the
890:
880:
873:
870:
861:
852:
843:
836:
833:
824:
821:
812:
799:
790:
769:
760:
745:
736:
725:
716:
705:
696:
685:
676:
665:
656:
655:in October 2000
642:
633:
570:
530:
419:
417:
401:
353:
316:
269:
165:
138:Tulsa, Oklahoma
102:
77:
69:stainless steel
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2876:Bishop airlock
2872:
2870:
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2862:
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2690:
2679:
2678:
2653:
2632:
2599:
2573:
2540:
2503:
2477:
2459:
2435:
2432:on 2009-08-25.
2417:
2382:
2349:
2323:
2301:
2271:
2234:
2204:
2187:
2165:
2139:
2128:blogs.nasa.gov
2114:
2088:
2077:blogs.nasa.gov
2063:
2052:blogs.nasa.gov
2038:
2012:
1986:
1959:
1932:
1911:on 24 May 2023
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1326:April 8, 2002
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1241:
1236:
1224:Main article:
1221:
1218:
1190:Main article:
1187:
1184:
1134:(396,000
1113:
1110:
1058:
1055:
1023:Thomas Pesquet
879:
876:
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874:
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862:
853:
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842:
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827:
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822:
815:
813:
802:Space Shuttle
800:
793:
791:
772:Space Shuttle
770:
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726:
719:
717:
706:
699:
697:
686:
679:
677:
675:April 17, 2002
666:
659:
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632:
629:
569:
568:P6, S6 trusses
566:
529:
528:P5, S5 trusses
526:
482:during flight
416:
413:
400:
399:P2, S2 trusses
397:
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351:P1, S1 trusses
349:
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291:
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161:
101:
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15:
9:
6:
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3:
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2931:Boom Assembly
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2699:
2697:
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2663:
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2642:
2636:
2629:
2628:public domain
2610:
2603:
2588:
2584:
2577:
2570:
2569:public domain
2551:
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2536:public domain
2518:
2514:
2507:
2496:September 14,
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2267:public domain
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2671:November 18,
2669:. Retrieved
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2517:the original
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1909:the original
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649:Unity Module
647:(above) and
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462:solar arrays
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2852:Tranquility
2615:28 February
2254:28 February
1244:Launch date
1094:space walks
755:of mission
556:of mission
516:(SAW), the
444:S3/S4 truss
436:P3/P4 truss
159:processes.
157:TIG welding
153:hot rolling
3235:Categories
3043:components
2869:Subsystems
2788:US Segment
2647:2022-11-18
2181:2007-12-01
2133:2023-06-10
2082:2023-03-28
2057:2022-12-03
1646:References
1116:See also:
882:See also:
783:Canadarm-2
779:Canadarm-1
486:, mission
301:commander
114:fabricated
3139:Cancelled
3007:PK-3 Plus
2992:ISS-CREAM
2921:Canadarm2
2587:Space.com
2311:209382968
2227:8 October
2102:Space.com
2026:Space.com
1973:Space.com
1946:Space.com
1750:Space.com
1363:P1 truss
1340:S1 truss
1317:S0 truss
1271:Z1 truss
1202:Canadarm2
1090:bull gear
1071:Roll ring
1001:missions
975:accordion
804:Endeavour
774:Discovery
503:longerons
381:anhydrous
377:Canadarm2
136:, and in
65:aluminium
53:radiators
43:) of the
3220:Category
3118:hardware
3091:Proposed
3012:SAGE III
2837:Leonardo
2802:Columbus
2725:Orbiting
2592:March 5,
2410:March 5,
2375:March 5,
2158:June 18,
2107:28 March
2031:28 March
1915:19 April
1786:SEN News
1613:See also
1256:Diameter
1173:members
1161:members
709:P1 truss
689:S1 truss
669:S0 truss
645:Z1 truss
592:S6 truss
576:P6 truss
544:S5 truss
536:P5 truss
479:Atlantis
454:Atlantis
367:P1 truss
359:S1 truss
322:S0 truss
314:S0 truss
171:Z1 truss
163:Z1 truss
151:, steel
3190:Related
3072:Planned
2960:devices
2846:airlock
2823:Harmony
2816:Destiny
2763:Rassvet
2756:Prichal
2556:5 March
2523:5 March
2316:5 March
1952:30 June
1835:May 28,
1519:15,824
1506:STS-119
1496:15,824
1483:STS-120
1460:STS-118
1450:15,824
1437:STS-117
1414:STS-116
1404:15,824
1391:STS-115
1381:14,003
1368:STS-113
1358:14,124
1345:STS-112
1335:13,971
1322:STS-110
1312:15,824
1234:Element
1102:STS-122
979:Gimbals
961:silicon
944:-built
942:Russian
938:STS-119
934:STS-117
930:STS-116
926:STS-115
922:STS-120
859:STS-120
809:STS-118
787:STS-116
757:STS-117
733:STS-115
713:STS-113
693:STS-112
673:STS-110
622:STS-119
614:STS-120
610:STS-117
606:STS-116
562:STS-118
558:STS-116
484:STS-117
471:STS-116
458:STS-115
409:reboost
392:STS-113
388:STS-112
384:ammonia
344:STS-110
342:during
224:Destiny
94:Destiny
49:trusses
3098:Node 4
3065:Future
3034:Former
2967:AMS-02
2945:cranes
2943:Strela
2926:Dextre
2809:Cupola
2777:Zvezda
2667:. NASA
2611:. NASA
2552:. NASA
2371:. NASA
2309:
2299:
2223:. NASA
2005:3 July
1979:2 July
1473:1,818
1458:13A.1—
1427:1,864
1412:12A.1—
1299:STS-97
1289:8,755
1276:STS-92
1249:Length
1239:Flight
1206:Dextre
1148:Boeing
1086:pinion
987:rotate
968:diodes
918:STS-97
906:energy
653:STS-92
602:STS-97
251:VASIMR
232:STS-98
185:STS-92
3116:Spare
3103:XBASE
3041:Major
3002:NICER
2972:CALET
2859:Unity
2844:Quest
2770:Zarya
2749:Poisk
2742:Nauka
2665:(PDF)
2454:(PDF)
2447:(PDF)
2369:(PDF)
2307:S2CID
2217:(PDF)
1861:(PDF)
1714:(PDF)
1516:10.7
1513:13.7
1493:10.7
1490:18.3
1470:4.55
1467:3.37
1447:10.7
1444:13.7
1424:4.55
1421:3.37
1398:13.7
1375:13.7
1352:13.7
1329:13.4
1309:10.7
1306:18.3
1063:Alpha
240:Unity
228:Unity
220:PMA-2
212:Unity
208:Unity
89:truss
3051:Pirs
2997:MAXI
2987:HDEV
2982:GEDI
2977:CATS
2830:KibĹŤ
2796:BEAM
2673:2022
2617:2021
2594:2021
2558:2021
2525:2021
2498:2007
2412:2021
2377:2021
2344:2007
2318:2021
2297:ISBN
2256:2021
2229:2018
2160:2023
2109:2023
2033:2023
2007:2021
1981:2021
1954:2021
1917:2021
1890:2006
1868:2006
1837:2023
1811:2006
1669:2009
1504:15A—
1481:10A—
1435:13A—
1401:4.8
1389:12A—
1378:4.6
1366:11A—
1355:4.6
1332:4.6
1286:4.2
1283:4.6
1265:(kg)
1263:Mass
1204:and
1177:and
1165:and
1061:The
1045:and
1033:and
1021:and
1009:and
900:The
886:and
727:The
707:ISS
687:ISS
667:The
608:and
87:All
67:and
35:The
2289:doi
1343:9A—
1320:8A—
1297:4A—
1274:3A—
1258:(m)
1251:(m)
1082:Sun
1049:of
1037:of
1025:of
1011:-28
1007:-26
955:of
777:'s
753:EVA
618:10A
554:EVA
488:13A
132:in
124:in
61:bus
41:ITS
3237::
2585:.
2385:^
2352:^
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1132:Ah
1104:.
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957:DC
953:kW
128:,
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1983:.
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1136:C
39:(
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