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Inimicus filamentosus

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direction. The fish employ these two rays to prop up the forward part of their body, as well as to "walk" along the bottom of the substrate. The ventral surface of the pectoral fins bears broad black bands containing smaller, lighter spots at the basal and distal ends. In
358:, and is covered with venomous spines and wartlike glands which give it a knobby appearance. The head is flattened, depressed and concave. The eyes, mouth and nostrils project upwards and outwards from the dorsal aspect of the head. 439:
or a potential predator, it fans out its brilliantly colored pectoral and caudal fins as a warning. Once dug in, it is very reluctant to leave its hiding place. When it does move, it displays an unusual mechanism of
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and typically lies partially buried on the sea floor or on a coral head during the day, covering itself with sand and other debris to further camouflage itself. It has no known natural predators. When disturbed by a
350:. The body color can be a dull yellow, gray, brown, or rust in color with light blotches, and very similar to that of the surrounding sandy or coral seabed in which they are found. This coloration acts as a 572: 654: 1953: 1992: 548: 2069: 1534: 731: 1276: 507: 1927: 2099: 1966: 535:. Canberra, Australia: CSIRO Division of Fisheries Research; Clouston & Hall and Peter Pownall Fisheries Information Service. 2109: 2005: 1971: 673: 411:
have yellow spots on them. This is a key feature for distinguishing the two species, which are otherwise nearly identical.
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which renders them extremely difficult to detect in their natural habitat. The skin is without scales except along the
2079: 1133: 1997: 444:— it crawls slowly along the seabed, employing the four lower rays (two on each side) of its pectoral fins as legs. 2041: 2104: 787: 724: 546:
Mandritsa, S.A. (1991). "New species of the genus Inimicus (Scorpaeniformes, Synanceiidae) from the Coral sea".
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William A. Gosline (July 1994). "Function and structure in the paired fins of scorpaeniform fishes".
76: 1807: 1566: 395: 1785: 1767: 1329: 1078: 829: 441: 382:: composed of 2-4 spines and 4-14 soft rays, with dark bands at basal and subterminal positions. 1984: 1958: 1856: 1747: 1571: 1556: 1379: 1098: 987: 1893: 2023: 1777: 1762: 1271: 1088: 171: 2033: 1888: 1772: 1068: 581: 373: 462: 274: 8: 1561: 1504: 1304: 1191: 980: 41: 585: 391: 385: 379: 1143: 607: 197: 71: 2074: 2018: 1489: 1394: 1299: 1211: 1206: 1153: 960: 767: 757: 359: 611: 1231: 1176: 1138: 1093: 1051: 975: 762: 597: 589: 476: 1448: 1428: 1256: 1243: 1226: 1181: 1063: 1002: 926: 921: 857: 844: 814: 637: 427: 398:
rays of each pectoral fin are detached from the rest of the fin, and angled in a
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The Ghoulfish/Scorpion/Stonefishes of the Subfamily Choridactylinae (Inimicinae)
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Adults are typically 13-25 centimeters in length, and can weigh up to 480
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Continental shelf fishes of the northern and north-western Australia
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K.J. Sainsbury, P.J. Kailola and G.G. Leyland (1985).
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10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T114179475A116265288.en
569: 461:Motomura, H.; Matsuura, K. & Khan, M. (2018). 407:, these bands are attenuated, while the bands of 2061: 545: 372:: composed of 15 to 17 spines and 7 to 9 soft 725: 652: 293:oceans. Like all the other known species of 732: 718: 388:: composed of one spine and 3-5 soft rays. 362:is not believed to occur in this species. 50: 31: 1277:Tradeoffs for locomotion in air and water 648: 646: 601: 565: 563: 480: 695: 693: 539: 655:"Speak of the devil: fish in the genus 573:Journal Environmental Biology of Fishes 502: 496: 394:: composed of 10-12 rays. The two most 2062: 643: 625: 623: 621: 560: 1855: 1854: 713: 703:, by Bob Fenner. Accessed 03-27-2010. 690: 2070:IUCN Red List least concern species 1833: 1104:Electroreception and electrogenesis 618: 468:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 454: 277:fishes are found on sandy or silty 13: 629:World Database of Marine Species: 14: 2121: 1832: 1821: 1820: 1803: 1802: 828: 75: 788:Environmental impact of fishing 317: 2100:Fauna of the Mascarene Islands 524: 341: 261:fishes. It is a member of the 1: 653:Scott Michael (Winter 2001). 447: 2110:Taxa named by Georges Cuvier 873:intramembranous ossification 7: 415: 10: 2126: 1252:Fin and flipper locomotion 1222:Sequential hermaphroditism 1109:Jamming avoidance response 826: 475:: e.T114179475A116265288. 1863: 1816: 1740: 1673: 1580: 1542: 1533: 1472: 1403: 1290: 1242: 1152: 1077: 837: 747: 442:subcarangiform locomotion 203: 196: 177: 170: 72:Scientific classification 70: 48: 39: 30: 23: 2080:Fish of the Indian Ocean 739: 520:. February 2022 version. 506:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). 289:, in coastal regions of 1768:Glossary of ichthyology 1330:Diel vertical migration 463:"Inimicus filamentosus" 234:filament-finned stinger 2105:Fish described in 1829 1134:Surface wave detection 1099:Hydrodynamic reception 773:Diseases and parasites 640:. Accessed 03-22-2010. 2095:Fauna of the Maldives 1894:Inimicus_filamentosus 1865:Inimicus filamentosus 1272:Undulatory locomotion 1089:Ampullae of Lorenzini 510:Inimicus filamentosus 248:, is a member of the 229:Inimicus filamentosus 181:Inimicus filamentosus 25:Inimicus filamentosus 1500:Genetically modified 232:, also known as the 163:I. filamentosus 2085:Fish of the Red Sea 1305:Aquatic respiration 1192:Life history theory 586:1994EnvBF..40..219G 242:two-stick stingfish 42:Conservation status 2090:Fish of Madagascar 1144:Weberian apparatus 636:2012-03-04 at the 594:10.1007/BF00002508 246:devil scorpionfish 215:Pelor filamentosum 2057: 2056: 2019:Open Tree of Life 1857:Taxon identifiers 1848: 1847: 1758:Fish common names 1669: 1668: 1300:Aquatic predation 1124:Capacity for pain 853:Age determination 699:WetWebMedia.com: 360:Sexual dimorphism 271:ray-finned fishes 225: 224: 219: 211: 207:Inimicus dactylus 65: 2117: 2050: 2049: 2037: 2036: 2027: 2026: 2014: 2013: 2001: 2000: 1988: 1987: 1975: 1974: 1962: 1961: 1949: 1948: 1936: 1935: 1923: 1922: 1910: 1909: 1897: 1896: 1884: 1883: 1882: 1852: 1851: 1836: 1835: 1824: 1823: 1806: 1805: 1540: 1539: 832: 763:Ethnoichthyology 734: 727: 720: 711: 710: 704: 697: 688: 687: 685: 684: 678: 672:. Archived from 663: 650: 641: 631:Spiny devil fish 627: 616: 615: 605: 567: 558: 557: 543: 537: 536: 528: 522: 521: 500: 494: 493: 491: 489: 484: 458: 365:Fin morphology: 217: 209: 183: 80: 79: 59: 54: 53: 35: 21: 20: 2125: 2124: 2120: 2119: 2118: 2116: 2115: 2114: 2060: 2059: 2058: 2053: 2045: 2040: 2032: 2030: 2022: 2017: 2009: 2004: 1996: 1991: 1983: 1978: 1970: 1965: 1957: 1952: 1944: 1939: 1931: 1926: 1918: 1913: 1905: 1900: 1892: 1887: 1878: 1877: 1872: 1859: 1849: 1844: 1812: 1736: 1665: 1576: 1529: 1468: 1399: 1292: 1286: 1238: 1182:Ichthyoplankton 1148: 1080: 1073: 1069:Digital Library 1064:Teleost leptins 1003:Shark cartilage 927:pharyngeal slit 922:pharyngeal arch 858:Anguilliformity 843: 841: 833: 824: 743: 738: 708: 707: 698: 691: 682: 680: 676: 661: 651: 644: 638:Wayback Machine 628: 619: 568: 561: 544: 540: 529: 525: 501: 497: 487: 485: 459: 455: 450: 428:ambush predator 421:I. filamentosus 418: 405:I. filamentosus 344: 320: 308:ambush predator 301:I. filamentosus 267:Scorpaeniformes 192: 185: 179: 166: 129:Scorpaeniformes 74: 66: 55: 51: 44: 17: 16:Species of fish 12: 11: 5: 2123: 2113: 2112: 2107: 2102: 2097: 2092: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2055: 2054: 2052: 2051: 2038: 2028: 2015: 2002: 1989: 1976: 1963: 1950: 1937: 1924: 1911: 1898: 1885: 1869: 1867: 1861: 1860: 1846: 1845: 1843: 1842: 1830: 1817: 1814: 1813: 1811: 1810: 1800: 1795: 1794: 1793: 1788: 1780: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1760: 1755: 1750: 1744: 1742: 1738: 1737: 1735: 1734: 1733: 1732: 1727: 1717: 1716: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1695: 1694: 1693: 1688: 1677: 1675: 1671: 1670: 1667: 1666: 1664: 1663: 1662: 1661: 1656: 1651: 1641: 1640: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1624: 1614: 1613: 1612: 1607: 1602: 1597: 1586: 1584: 1582:Wild fisheries 1578: 1577: 1575: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1548: 1546: 1537: 1531: 1530: 1528: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1512: 1507: 1505:Hallucinogenic 1502: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1476: 1474: 1470: 1469: 1467: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1410: 1408: 1401: 1400: 1398: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1380:Schooling fish 1377: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1340:Filter feeders 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1315:Bottom feeders 1312: 1307: 1302: 1296: 1294: 1288: 1287: 1285: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1248: 1246: 1240: 1239: 1237: 1236: 1235: 1234: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1158: 1156: 1150: 1149: 1147: 1146: 1141: 1136: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1096: 1091: 1085: 1083: 1075: 1074: 1072: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1060: 1059: 1054: 1044: 1043: 1042: 1037: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1005: 1000: 995: 990: 985: 984: 983: 973: 968: 963: 961:Leydig's organ 958: 957: 956: 954:pharyngeal jaw 951: 941: 936: 935: 934: 929: 924: 919: 914: 909: 907:branchial arch 899: 898: 897: 887: 882: 877: 876: 875: 870: 860: 855: 849: 847: 835: 834: 827: 825: 823: 822: 817: 812: 807: 802: 797: 796: 795: 790: 785: 775: 770: 765: 760: 754: 752: 745: 744: 737: 736: 729: 722: 714: 706: 705: 689: 642: 617: 580:(3): 219–226. 559: 538: 523: 504:Froese, Rainer 495: 452: 451: 449: 446: 417: 414: 413: 412: 389: 383: 377: 343: 340: 319: 316: 223: 222: 221: 220: 212: 201: 200: 194: 193: 186: 175: 174: 168: 167: 160: 158: 154: 153: 146: 142: 141: 136: 132: 131: 126: 122: 121: 119:Actinopterygii 116: 112: 111: 106: 102: 101: 96: 92: 91: 86: 82: 81: 68: 67: 49: 46: 45: 40: 37: 36: 28: 27: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2122: 2111: 2108: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2096: 2093: 2091: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2067: 2065: 2048: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2029: 2025: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1981: 1977: 1973: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1890: 1886: 1881: 1875: 1871: 1870: 1868: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1853: 1841: 1840: 1831: 1829: 1828: 1819: 1818: 1815: 1809: 1808:more lists... 1801: 1799: 1796: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1783: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1763:Fish families 1761: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1748:Aquarium life 1746: 1745: 1743: 1739: 1731: 1730:fleshy-finned 1728: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1721: 1718: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1700: 1699: 1698:Cartilaginous 1696: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1683: 1682: 1679: 1678: 1676: 1672: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1650: 1647: 1646: 1645: 1642: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1623: 1620: 1619: 1618: 1615: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1592: 1591: 1588: 1587: 1585: 1583: 1579: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1549: 1547: 1545: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1532: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1477: 1475: 1471: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1415: 1412: 1411: 1409: 1407: 1402: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1335:Electric fish 1333: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1297: 1295: 1289: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1249: 1247: 1245: 1241: 1233: 1230: 1229: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1157: 1155: 1151: 1145: 1142: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1086: 1084: 1082: 1076: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1058: 1055: 1053: 1050: 1049: 1048: 1045: 1041: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1032: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1014: 1011: 1010: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 982: 979: 978: 977: 974: 972: 969: 967: 966:Mauthner cell 964: 962: 959: 955: 952: 950: 947: 946: 945: 942: 940: 937: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 908: 905: 904: 903: 900: 896: 893: 892: 891: 888: 886: 885:Chromatophore 883: 881: 878: 874: 871: 869: 866: 865: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 850: 848: 846: 840: 836: 831: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 781: 780: 779: 776: 774: 771: 769: 766: 764: 761: 759: 756: 755: 753: 751: 746: 742: 735: 730: 728: 723: 721: 716: 715: 712: 702: 696: 694: 679:on 2011-07-13 675: 671: 667: 660: 658: 649: 647: 639: 635: 632: 626: 624: 622: 613: 609: 604: 603:2027.42/42637 599: 595: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 574: 566: 564: 555: 551: 550: 542: 534: 527: 519: 518: 513: 511: 505: 499: 483: 478: 474: 470: 469: 464: 457: 453: 445: 443: 438: 433: 429: 426: 422: 410: 406: 401: 397: 393: 390: 387: 384: 381: 378: 375: 371: 368: 367: 366: 363: 361: 357: 353: 349: 339: 337: 333: 329: 325: 315: 313: 309: 306: 302: 298: 297: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 253: 252: 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 230: 216: 213: 208: 205: 204: 202: 199: 195: 190: 184: 182: 176: 173: 172:Binomial name 169: 165: 164: 159: 156: 155: 152: 151: 147: 144: 143: 140: 137: 134: 133: 130: 127: 124: 123: 120: 117: 114: 113: 110: 107: 104: 103: 100: 97: 94: 93: 90: 87: 84: 83: 78: 73: 69: 63: 58: 57:Least Concern 47: 43: 38: 34: 29: 26: 22: 19: 1864: 1837: 1825: 1725:spiny-finned 1674:Major groups 1395:Intelligence 1375:Scale eaters 1320:Cleaner fish 1202:Mouthbrooder 1154:Reproduction 1129:Schreckstoff 1114:Lateral line 1030:Swim bladder 1020:Spiral valve 949:hyomandibula 932:pseudobranch 815:Hypoxia in - 681:. Retrieved 674:the original 669: 665: 656: 577: 571: 553: 547: 541: 532: 526: 515: 509: 498: 486:. Retrieved 472: 466: 456: 420: 419: 408: 404: 392:pectoral fin 364: 356:lateral line 345: 324:Indian Ocean 321: 318:Distribution 300: 294: 285:and seaward 263:Synanceiidae 249: 245: 241: 238:barred ghoul 237: 233: 228: 227: 226: 218:Cuvier, 1829 214: 210:Cornic, 1987 206: 180: 178: 162: 161: 149: 139:Scorpaenidae 24: 18: 1941:iNaturalist 1839:WikiProject 1798:Prehistoric 1782:Threatened 1473:Other types 1370:Sardine run 1345:Forage fish 1325:Corallivory 1177:Development 1162:Bubble nest 1035:physoclisti 1025:Suckermouth 998:Root effect 820:Ichthyology 556:(2): 76–79. 549:J. Ichthyol 437:scuba diver 425:piscivorous 409:I. sinensis 342:Description 332:East Africa 310:. They are 2064:Categories 1454:Groundfish 1449:Freshwater 1444:Euryhaline 1429:Coral reef 1365:Salmon run 1355:Paedophagy 1257:Amphibious 1244:Locomotion 1052:pharyngeal 1040:physostome 993:Photophore 939:Glossohyal 912:gill raker 895:dorsal fin 845:physiology 683:2010-03-27 448:References 386:pelvic fin 380:caudal fin 370:dorsal fin 352:camouflage 279:substrates 1985:114179475 1703:chimaeras 1590:Predatory 1567:Salmonids 1525:Whitefish 1515:Poisonous 1490:Diversity 1424:Coldwater 1360:Predatory 1350:Migratory 1310:Bait ball 1293:behaviour 1212:Pregnancy 1207:Polyandry 981:papillare 976:Operculum 971:Meristics 917:gill slit 880:Cleithrum 810:Fish kill 800:Fear of - 793:- as food 783:Fisheries 768:Evolution 758:Diversity 432:nocturnal 312:nocturnal 269:order of 189:G. Cuvier 157:Species: 95:Kingdom: 89:Eukaryota 2075:Inimicus 1959:11333020 1915:FishBase 1880:Q3407629 1874:Wikidata 1827:Category 1778:Smallest 1691:lampreys 1654:flatfish 1644:Demersal 1600:mackerel 1595:billfish 1535:Commerce 1464:Tropical 1439:Demersal 1434:Deep-sea 1390:Venomous 1282:RoboTuna 1232:triggers 1227:Spawning 1187:Juvenile 1172:Egg case 805:FishBase 666:SeaScope 657:Inimicus 634:Archived 612:30229791 517:FishBase 430:. It is 416:Behavior 336:Maldives 322:Western 305:demersal 296:Inimicus 291:tropical 273:. These 259:venomous 251:Inimicus 198:Synonyms 150:Inimicus 135:Family: 109:Chordata 105:Phylum: 99:Animalia 85:Domain: 62:IUCN 3.1 2024:3632575 1998:2067699 1933:2333651 1773:Largest 1686:hagfish 1681:Jawless 1659:pollock 1632:sardine 1627:herring 1622:anchovy 1572:Tilapia 1562:Octopus 1557:Catfish 1544:Farming 1459:Pelagic 1419:Coastal 1406:habitat 1262:Walking 1167:Clasper 1119:Otolith 1081:systems 1079:Sensory 1013:ganoine 988:Papilla 839:Anatomy 778:Fishing 582:Bibcode 488:8 April 400:ventral 328:Red Sea 275:benthic 191:, 1829) 145:Genus: 125:Order: 115:Class: 60: ( 2047:212575 2034:129708 2031:uBio: 2011:212575 1972:644041 1907:763027 1791:sharks 1708:sharks 1637:sprats 1617:Forage 1605:salmon 1485:Coarse 1267:Flying 1139:Vision 1094:Barbel 1008:Scales 868:dermal 748:About 610:  396:caudal 283:lagoon 2042:WoRMS 1954:IRMNG 1946:64502 1753:Blind 1741:Lists 1520:Rough 1385:Sleep 1291:Other 1057:shark 1047:Teeth 677:(PDF) 662:(PDF) 608:S2CID 423:is a 348:grams 303:is a 287:reefs 255:genus 244:, or 2006:OBIS 1993:NCBI 1980:IUCN 1967:ITIS 1928:GBIF 1920:6403 1902:BOLD 1786:rays 1720:Bony 1713:rays 1610:tuna 1552:Carp 1510:Oily 1495:Game 1480:Bait 1414:Cave 1197:Milt 902:Gill 890:Fins 863:Bone 750:fish 741:Fish 490:2022 473:2018 374:rays 330:and 1889:ADW 1649:cod 1404:By 1217:Roe 944:Jaw 842:and 598:hdl 590:doi 477:doi 334:to 281:of 257:of 2066:: 2044:: 2021:: 2008:: 1995:: 1982:: 1969:: 1956:: 1943:: 1930:: 1917:: 1904:: 1891:: 1876:: 692:^ 670:18 668:. 664:. 645:^ 620:^ 606:. 596:. 588:. 578:40 576:. 562:^ 554:31 552:. 514:. 471:. 465:. 338:. 326:: 299:, 240:, 236:, 733:e 726:t 719:v 686:. 659:" 614:. 600:: 592:: 584:: 512:" 508:" 492:. 479:: 376:. 187:( 64:)

Index


Conservation status
Least Concern
IUCN 3.1
Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Eukaryota
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Scorpaeniformes
Scorpaenidae
Inimicus
Binomial name
G. Cuvier
Synonyms
Inimicus
genus
venomous
Synanceiidae
Scorpaeniformes
ray-finned fishes
benthic
substrates
lagoon
reefs
tropical
Inimicus
demersal
ambush predator

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