77:
830:
1822:
1804:
52:
33:
1834:
402:
direction. The fish employ these two rays to prop up the forward part of their body, as well as to "walk" along the bottom of the substrate. The ventral surface of the pectoral fins bears broad black bands containing smaller, lighter spots at the basal and distal ends. In
358:, and is covered with venomous spines and wartlike glands which give it a knobby appearance. The head is flattened, depressed and concave. The eyes, mouth and nostrils project upwards and outwards from the dorsal aspect of the head.
439:
or a potential predator, it fans out its brilliantly colored pectoral and caudal fins as a warning. Once dug in, it is very reluctant to leave its hiding place. When it does move, it displays an unusual mechanism of
434:
and typically lies partially buried on the sea floor or on a coral head during the day, covering itself with sand and other debris to further camouflage itself. It has no known natural predators. When disturbed by a
350:. The body color can be a dull yellow, gray, brown, or rust in color with light blotches, and very similar to that of the surrounding sandy or coral seabed in which they are found. This coloration acts as a
572:
654:
1953:
1992:
548:
2069:
1534:
731:
1276:
507:
1927:
2099:
1966:
535:. Canberra, Australia: CSIRO Division of Fisheries Research; Clouston & Hall and Peter Pownall Fisheries Information Service.
2109:
2005:
1971:
673:
411:
have yellow spots on them. This is a key feature for distinguishing the two species, which are otherwise nearly identical.
1103:
633:
354:
which renders them extremely difficult to detect in their natural habitat. The skin is without scales except along the
2079:
1133:
1997:
444:— it crawls slowly along the seabed, employing the four lower rays (two on each side) of its pectoral fins as legs.
2041:
2104:
787:
724:
546:
Mandritsa, S.A. (1991). "New species of the genus
Inimicus (Scorpaeniformes, Synanceiidae) from the Coral sea".
2094:
2084:
1838:
872:
2089:
1906:
1901:
772:
481:
1524:
1251:
1221:
1108:
717:
278:
2046:
1797:
1790:
1757:
1499:
1171:
852:
570:
William A. Gosline (July 1994). "Function and structure in the paired fins of scorpaeniform fishes".
76:
1807:
1566:
395:
1785:
1767:
1329:
1078:
829:
441:
382:: composed of 2-4 spines and 4-14 soft rays, with dark bands at basal and subterminal positions.
1984:
1958:
1856:
1747:
1571:
1556:
1379:
1098:
987:
1893:
2023:
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1271:
1088:
171:
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1888:
1772:
1068:
581:
373:
462:
274:
8:
1561:
1504:
1304:
1191:
980:
41:
585:
391:
385:
379:
1143:
607:
197:
71:
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2018:
1489:
1394:
1299:
1211:
1206:
1153:
960:
767:
757:
359:
611:
1231:
1176:
1138:
1093:
1051:
975:
762:
597:
589:
476:
1448:
1428:
1256:
1243:
1226:
1181:
1063:
1002:
926:
921:
857:
844:
814:
637:
427:
398:
rays of each pectoral fin are detached from the rest of the fin, and angled in a
307:
266:
128:
701:
The
Ghoulfish/Scorpion/Stonefishes of the Subfamily Choridactylinae (Inimicinae)
1879:
1724:
1697:
1589:
1581:
1514:
1484:
1423:
1405:
1359:
1349:
953:
906:
270:
188:
118:
2063:
1979:
1826:
1729:
1643:
1463:
1438:
1433:
1389:
1384:
1339:
1334:
1314:
1186:
965:
884:
530:
503:
467:
304:
258:
61:
56:
700:
630:
1719:
1543:
1458:
1418:
1319:
1261:
1201:
1128:
1123:
1113:
1029:
1019:
948:
931:
838:
799:
792:
436:
431:
355:
323:
314:, and often dig themselves partially into the sandy seabed during the day.
262:
138:
346:
Adults are typically 13-25 centimeters in length, and can weigh up to 480
1940:
1702:
1690:
1616:
1374:
1369:
1344:
1324:
1266:
1161:
1056:
1034:
1024:
997:
867:
819:
602:
331:
1932:
1919:
1752:
1551:
1519:
1453:
1443:
1364:
1354:
1039:
1007:
992:
938:
911:
894:
593:
369:
351:
286:
32:
1945:
1509:
1494:
1479:
1309:
970:
916:
901:
879:
862:
809:
424:
311:
88:
1850:
533:
Continental shelf fishes of the northern and north-western
Australia
1914:
1873:
1712:
1653:
1599:
1594:
1413:
1281:
943:
889:
804:
516:
335:
295:
250:
148:
108:
1685:
1680:
1658:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1166:
1118:
1012:
782:
777:
399:
327:
290:
2010:
460:
1604:
282:
98:
1707:
1636:
1046:
254:
1609:
1196:
749:
740:
347:
265:(devilfishes, goblinfishes, and stonefishes) family of the
1648:
1216:
709:
531:
K.J. Sainsbury, P.J. Kailola and G.G. Leyland (1985).
482:
10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T114179475A116265288.en
569:
461:Motomura, H.; Matsuura, K. & Khan, M. (2018).
407:, these bands are attenuated, while the bands of
2061:
545:
372:: composed of 15 to 17 spines and 7 to 9 soft
725:
652:
293:oceans. Like all the other known species of
732:
718:
388:: composed of one spine and 3-5 soft rays.
362:is not believed to occur in this species.
50:
31:
1277:Tradeoffs for locomotion in air and water
648:
646:
601:
565:
563:
480:
695:
693:
539:
655:"Speak of the devil: fish in the genus
573:Journal Environmental Biology of Fishes
502:
496:
394:: composed of 10-12 rays. The two most
2062:
643:
625:
623:
621:
560:
1855:
1854:
713:
703:, by Bob Fenner. Accessed 03-27-2010.
690:
2070:IUCN Red List least concern species
1833:
1104:Electroreception and electrogenesis
618:
468:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
454:
277:fishes are found on sandy or silty
13:
629:World Database of Marine Species:
14:
2121:
1832:
1821:
1820:
1803:
1802:
828:
75:
788:Environmental impact of fishing
317:
2100:Fauna of the Mascarene Islands
524:
341:
261:fishes. It is a member of the
1:
653:Scott Michael (Winter 2001).
447:
2110:Taxa named by Georges Cuvier
873:intramembranous ossification
7:
415:
10:
2126:
1252:Fin and flipper locomotion
1222:Sequential hermaphroditism
1109:Jamming avoidance response
826:
475:: e.T114179475A116265288.
1863:
1816:
1740:
1673:
1580:
1542:
1533:
1472:
1403:
1290:
1242:
1152:
1077:
837:
747:
442:subcarangiform locomotion
203:
196:
177:
170:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
30:
23:
2080:Fish of the Indian Ocean
739:
520:. February 2022 version.
506:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
289:, in coastal regions of
1768:Glossary of ichthyology
1330:Diel vertical migration
463:"Inimicus filamentosus"
234:filament-finned stinger
2105:Fish described in 1829
1134:Surface wave detection
1099:Hydrodynamic reception
773:Diseases and parasites
640:. Accessed 03-22-2010.
2095:Fauna of the Maldives
1894:Inimicus_filamentosus
1865:Inimicus filamentosus
1272:Undulatory locomotion
1089:Ampullae of Lorenzini
510:Inimicus filamentosus
248:, is a member of the
229:Inimicus filamentosus
181:Inimicus filamentosus
25:Inimicus filamentosus
1500:Genetically modified
232:, also known as the
163:I. filamentosus
2085:Fish of the Red Sea
1305:Aquatic respiration
1192:Life history theory
586:1994EnvBF..40..219G
242:two-stick stingfish
42:Conservation status
2090:Fish of Madagascar
1144:Weberian apparatus
636:2012-03-04 at the
594:10.1007/BF00002508
246:devil scorpionfish
215:Pelor filamentosum
2057:
2056:
2019:Open Tree of Life
1857:Taxon identifiers
1848:
1847:
1758:Fish common names
1669:
1668:
1300:Aquatic predation
1124:Capacity for pain
853:Age determination
699:WetWebMedia.com:
360:Sexual dimorphism
271:ray-finned fishes
225:
224:
219:
211:
207:Inimicus dactylus
65:
2117:
2050:
2049:
2037:
2036:
2027:
2026:
2014:
2013:
2001:
2000:
1988:
1987:
1975:
1974:
1962:
1961:
1949:
1948:
1936:
1935:
1923:
1922:
1910:
1909:
1897:
1896:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1852:
1851:
1836:
1835:
1824:
1823:
1806:
1805:
1540:
1539:
832:
763:Ethnoichthyology
734:
727:
720:
711:
710:
704:
697:
688:
687:
685:
684:
678:
672:. Archived from
663:
650:
641:
631:Spiny devil fish
627:
616:
615:
605:
567:
558:
557:
543:
537:
536:
528:
522:
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494:
493:
491:
489:
484:
458:
365:Fin morphology:
217:
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80:
79:
59:
54:
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35:
21:
20:
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2124:
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2119:
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2115:
2114:
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2058:
2053:
2045:
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2032:
2030:
2022:
2017:
2009:
2004:
1996:
1991:
1983:
1978:
1970:
1965:
1957:
1952:
1944:
1939:
1931:
1926:
1918:
1913:
1905:
1900:
1892:
1887:
1878:
1877:
1872:
1859:
1849:
1844:
1812:
1736:
1665:
1576:
1529:
1468:
1399:
1292:
1286:
1238:
1182:Ichthyoplankton
1148:
1080:
1073:
1069:Digital Library
1064:Teleost leptins
1003:Shark cartilage
927:pharyngeal slit
922:pharyngeal arch
858:Anguilliformity
843:
841:
833:
824:
743:
738:
708:
707:
698:
691:
682:
680:
676:
661:
651:
644:
638:Wayback Machine
628:
619:
568:
561:
544:
540:
529:
525:
501:
497:
487:
485:
459:
455:
450:
428:ambush predator
421:I. filamentosus
418:
405:I. filamentosus
344:
320:
308:ambush predator
301:I. filamentosus
267:Scorpaeniformes
192:
185:
179:
166:
129:Scorpaeniformes
74:
66:
55:
51:
44:
17:
16:Species of fish
12:
11:
5:
2123:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2038:
2028:
2015:
2002:
1989:
1976:
1963:
1950:
1937:
1924:
1911:
1898:
1885:
1869:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1846:
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1842:
1830:
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1811:
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1800:
1795:
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1634:
1629:
1624:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1586:
1584:
1582:Wild fisheries
1578:
1577:
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1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1546:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1505:Hallucinogenic
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
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1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1410:
1408:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1380:Schooling fish
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1340:Filter feeders
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1315:Bottom feeders
1312:
1307:
1302:
1296:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1158:
1156:
1150:
1149:
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1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1085:
1083:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
984:
983:
973:
968:
963:
961:Leydig's organ
958:
957:
956:
954:pharyngeal jaw
951:
941:
936:
935:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
907:branchial arch
899:
898:
897:
887:
882:
877:
876:
875:
870:
860:
855:
849:
847:
835:
834:
827:
825:
823:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
796:
795:
790:
785:
775:
770:
765:
760:
754:
752:
745:
744:
737:
736:
729:
722:
714:
706:
705:
689:
642:
617:
580:(3): 219–226.
559:
538:
523:
504:Froese, Rainer
495:
452:
451:
449:
446:
417:
414:
413:
412:
389:
383:
377:
343:
340:
319:
316:
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167:
160:
158:
154:
153:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
119:Actinopterygii
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
68:
67:
49:
46:
45:
40:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2122:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2048:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2029:
2025:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1875:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1841:
1840:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1809:
1808:more lists...
1801:
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1769:
1766:
1764:
1763:Fish families
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1748:Aquarium life
1746:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1731:
1730:fleshy-finned
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1698:Cartilaginous
1696:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
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1591:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
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1483:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1462:
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1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
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1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1335:Electric fish
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
982:
979:
978:
977:
974:
972:
969:
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966:Mauthner cell
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885:Chromatophore
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679:on 2011-07-13
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57:Least Concern
47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1864:
1837:
1825:
1725:spiny-finned
1674:Major groups
1395:Intelligence
1375:Scale eaters
1320:Cleaner fish
1202:Mouthbrooder
1154:Reproduction
1129:Schreckstoff
1114:Lateral line
1030:Swim bladder
1020:Spiral valve
949:hyomandibula
932:pseudobranch
815:Hypoxia in -
681:. Retrieved
674:the original
669:
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541:
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486:. Retrieved
472:
466:
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420:
419:
408:
404:
392:pectoral fin
364:
356:lateral line
345:
324:Indian Ocean
321:
318:Distribution
300:
294:
285:and seaward
263:Synanceiidae
249:
245:
241:
238:barred ghoul
237:
233:
228:
227:
226:
218:Cuvier, 1829
214:
210:Cornic, 1987
206:
180:
178:
162:
161:
149:
139:Scorpaenidae
24:
18:
1941:iNaturalist
1839:WikiProject
1798:Prehistoric
1782:Threatened
1473:Other types
1370:Sardine run
1345:Forage fish
1325:Corallivory
1177:Development
1162:Bubble nest
1035:physoclisti
1025:Suckermouth
998:Root effect
820:Ichthyology
556:(2): 76–79.
549:J. Ichthyol
437:scuba diver
425:piscivorous
409:I. sinensis
342:Description
332:East Africa
310:. They are
2064:Categories
1454:Groundfish
1449:Freshwater
1444:Euryhaline
1429:Coral reef
1365:Salmon run
1355:Paedophagy
1257:Amphibious
1244:Locomotion
1052:pharyngeal
1040:physostome
993:Photophore
939:Glossohyal
912:gill raker
895:dorsal fin
845:physiology
683:2010-03-27
448:References
386:pelvic fin
380:caudal fin
370:dorsal fin
352:camouflage
279:substrates
1985:114179475
1703:chimaeras
1590:Predatory
1567:Salmonids
1525:Whitefish
1515:Poisonous
1490:Diversity
1424:Coldwater
1360:Predatory
1350:Migratory
1310:Bait ball
1293:behaviour
1212:Pregnancy
1207:Polyandry
981:papillare
976:Operculum
971:Meristics
917:gill slit
880:Cleithrum
810:Fish kill
800:Fear of -
793:- as food
783:Fisheries
768:Evolution
758:Diversity
432:nocturnal
312:nocturnal
269:order of
189:G. Cuvier
157:Species:
95:Kingdom:
89:Eukaryota
2075:Inimicus
1959:11333020
1915:FishBase
1880:Q3407629
1874:Wikidata
1827:Category
1778:Smallest
1691:lampreys
1654:flatfish
1644:Demersal
1600:mackerel
1595:billfish
1535:Commerce
1464:Tropical
1439:Demersal
1434:Deep-sea
1390:Venomous
1282:RoboTuna
1232:triggers
1227:Spawning
1187:Juvenile
1172:Egg case
805:FishBase
666:SeaScope
657:Inimicus
634:Archived
612:30229791
517:FishBase
430:. It is
416:Behavior
336:Maldives
322:Western
305:demersal
296:Inimicus
291:tropical
273:. These
259:venomous
251:Inimicus
198:Synonyms
150:Inimicus
135:Family:
109:Chordata
105:Phylum:
99:Animalia
85:Domain:
62:IUCN 3.1
2024:3632575
1998:2067699
1933:2333651
1773:Largest
1686:hagfish
1681:Jawless
1659:pollock
1632:sardine
1627:herring
1622:anchovy
1572:Tilapia
1562:Octopus
1557:Catfish
1544:Farming
1459:Pelagic
1419:Coastal
1406:habitat
1262:Walking
1167:Clasper
1119:Otolith
1081:systems
1079:Sensory
1013:ganoine
988:Papilla
839:Anatomy
778:Fishing
582:Bibcode
488:8 April
400:ventral
328:Red Sea
275:benthic
191:, 1829)
145:Genus:
125:Order:
115:Class:
60: (
2047:212575
2034:129708
2031:uBio:
2011:212575
1972:644041
1907:763027
1791:sharks
1708:sharks
1637:sprats
1617:Forage
1605:salmon
1485:Coarse
1267:Flying
1139:Vision
1094:Barbel
1008:Scales
868:dermal
748:About
610:
396:caudal
283:lagoon
2042:WoRMS
1954:IRMNG
1946:64502
1753:Blind
1741:Lists
1520:Rough
1385:Sleep
1291:Other
1057:shark
1047:Teeth
677:(PDF)
662:(PDF)
608:S2CID
423:is a
348:grams
303:is a
287:reefs
255:genus
244:, or
2006:OBIS
1993:NCBI
1980:IUCN
1967:ITIS
1928:GBIF
1920:6403
1902:BOLD
1786:rays
1720:Bony
1713:rays
1610:tuna
1552:Carp
1510:Oily
1495:Game
1480:Bait
1414:Cave
1197:Milt
902:Gill
890:Fins
863:Bone
750:fish
741:Fish
490:2022
473:2018
374:rays
330:and
1889:ADW
1649:cod
1404:By
1217:Roe
944:Jaw
842:and
598:hdl
590:doi
477:doi
334:to
281:of
257:of
2066::
2044::
2021::
2008::
1995::
1982::
1969::
1956::
1943::
1930::
1917::
1904::
1891::
1876::
692:^
670:18
668:.
664:.
645:^
620:^
606:.
596:.
588:.
578:40
576:.
562:^
554:31
552:.
514:.
471:.
465:.
338:.
326::
299:,
240:,
236:,
733:e
726:t
719:v
686:.
659:"
614:.
600::
592::
584::
512:"
508:"
492:.
479::
376:.
187:(
64:)
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