2053:
30:
54:
38:
94:
2776:
2788:
628:
766:
about 9,000 CharrĂșa and 6,000 ChanĂĄ and GuaranĂ at the time of contact with the
Spanish in the 1500s. By the time of independence, some 300 years later, there were only about 500 native people remaining in Uruguay. The decline in the native population was due to disease, intermarriage, and persecution. With little immunity to diseases brought by European settlers, native peoples and culture were gradually diminished.
833:. Though largely erased from modern histories, some communities of the CharrĂșa survived outside of Uruguay in Argentina and Brazil. It is believed that there are approximately between 160,000 and 300,000 individuals in Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil today who are descendants of surviving CharrĂșa. Contemporary descendants of the CharrĂșa have created organizations and advocate for the memory of the indigenous people.
852:
917:, there are contemporary Guarani populations in Paraguay and parts of Argentina and Bolivia. Most notably, the Guarani language, still widely spoken across traditional Guarani homelands, is one of the two official languages in Paraguay, the other one being Spanish. The Paraguayan population learns Guarani both informally from social interaction and formally in public schools. In modern Spanish,
773:. The remaining 300 Charrua women and children were divided as household slaves and servants among Europeans. By 1840 there were only 18 surviving Charrua in Uruguay. According to the history professor and journalist Lincoln Maiztegui Casas, âthe disappearance of the CharrĂșa people was a gradual process that took more than 200 years, and the root cause was territorial occupation by Europeansâ.
827:). They were a semi-nomadic people who sustained themselves mainly through hunting and gathering. Since resources were not permanent in every region, they would constantly be on the move. Rain, drought, and other environmental factors determined their movement. For this reason they are often classified as seasonal nomads.
765:
In pre-colonial times, Uruguayan territory was inhabited by small tribes of nomadic CharrĂșa, Chana, Arachan and
Guarani peoples. They were semi-nomadic people who survived by hunting, fishing and gathering and probably never numbered more than 10,000 â 20,000 people. It is estimated that there were
2751:
1131:
Sans, Monica; Figueiro, Gonzalo; Sanguinetti, Carlos; Echarte-Rafaelli, Lourdes; Portela, Cecilia; Taranto, Luis; Pizzarossa, Carlos; Oliver, Roberto; Manikowski, Rosana; Barreto, Isabel; Hidalgo, Pedro; Berro, Guido.
683:
Scholars disagree agree about the first settlers in what is now
Uruguay, but there is evidence of human presence from 10,000 BCE. Indigenous Uruguayans disappeared in the 1830s and, with the exception of the
2741:
680:. Because of genocidal colonial practices, disease and active exclusion, only a very small share of the population is aware of the country's indigenous history or has known indigenous ancestry.
1052:
769:
The genocide of the CharrĂșa culminated on April 11, 1831 with the
Massacre of Salsipuedes, where most of the CharrĂșa men were killed by the Uruguayan army on the orders of President
751:
A 2005 genetic study showed 38% of
Uruguayans had some indigenous ancestry. In the 2011 Census, 4.9% of the population reported having indigenous ancestry. A 2004 DNA study in the
2329:
1994:
1635:
1107:
403:
2037:
1232:
Bonilla, Carolina (2004). "Substantial native
American female contribution to the population of TacuarembĂł, Uruguay, reveals past episodes of sex-biased gene flow".
2027:
2290:
2285:
2067:
1393:
1329:
1987:
1628:
2638:
2553:
1180:"Dra. Sinthia Pagano. Un Estudio DetectĂł 38% de Sangre Aborigen en la PoblaciĂłn Uruguaya - En Uruguay hay 115.118 descendientes de indĂgenas"
1064:
17:
2813:
656:
2597:
2442:
1980:
1448:
1060:
1026:
1207:"Censo 2011. Organizaciones Sociales Llaman a Decir "SĂ" Para Reconocer sus Etnias - Censo: afrodescendientes e indĂgenas hacen campaña"
2302:
2297:
1621:
2780:
2604:
2355:
861:
1152:
398:
2808:
1516:
515:
2363:
1114:
2428:
2324:
1162:
910:
757:
suggested that the Native
American contribution to Uruguay's genetic composition may be far higher than is commonly assumed.
1206:
2563:
2558:
1179:
598:
593:
1276:
2746:
2647:
2583:
2438:
2262:
1303:
997:
884:
1466:
2423:
2252:
2003:
800:
693:
2818:
2631:
2280:
1313:
1286:
753:
588:
987:
2373:
1438:
AlayĂłn, Wilfredo (28 March 2011). "Uruguay and the memory of the CharrĂșa tribe". The Prisma. Retrieved 20 Dec 2011.
649:
453:
2718:
2663:
2506:
2451:
2413:
2393:
2073:
415:
2708:
2698:
2683:
2568:
2496:
2486:
2471:
2398:
2239:
1777:
1401:
560:
430:
1531:
2688:
2668:
2476:
2456:
2403:
907:
Province of
Argentina, southern Brazil once as far east as Rio de Janeiro, and parts of Uruguay and Bolivia.
42:
2693:
2673:
2624:
2481:
2461:
2418:
2408:
2368:
1592:
1333:
555:
510:
505:
1278:
Racial
Identities, Genetic Ancestry, and Health in South America: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Uruguay
2678:
2526:
2466:
2215:
2159:
2032:
642:
2766:
2703:
2491:
829:
The CharrĂșa people were massacred in a campaign in 1831 by the colonial forces in
Uruguay known as the
470:
388:
2080:
1002:
550:
337:
1556:
2655:
2154:
1797:
1685:
463:
458:
2573:
2169:
2101:
830:
182:
133:
1644:
1941:
1848:
1705:
123:
1452:
1030:
816:
2578:
2257:
2164:
1931:
1921:
1916:
1906:
1792:
1782:
1750:
688:, little is known about these peoples and even less about their genetic characteristics. The
435:
393:
254:
108:
1086:
921:
also refers to any Paraguayan national in the same way that the French are sometimes called
2536:
2531:
2247:
2042:
1936:
1911:
1901:
1865:
1822:
1762:
1512:
1488:
1358:
175:
1560:
583:
475:
8:
2729:
1880:
1860:
1843:
1735:
1720:
946:
608:
603:
578:
420:
158:
745:
733:
2541:
2334:
1870:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1772:
1730:
1257:
362:
327:
214:
81:
58:
2616:
741:
2388:
2272:
2052:
2022:
1972:
1926:
1885:
1875:
1853:
1787:
1745:
1740:
1725:
1309:
1282:
1249:
1158:
904:
895:. The traditional range of the Guarani people is in what is now Paraguay between the
824:
487:
195:
153:
1261:
880:
844:
737:
729:
725:
689:
2546:
2220:
1817:
1767:
1757:
1588:
1484:
1354:
1241:
992:
892:
770:
425:
244:
71:
46:
1134:"The last Charrua Indian; (Uruguay): analysis of the remains of Chief Vaimaca Per"
1087:"South America :: Uruguay â The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency"
482:
29:
2225:
1838:
613:
532:
367:
332:
128:
1670:
974:
896:
721:
717:
2792:
2195:
2185:
2116:
1957:
1690:
966:
962:
900:
705:
701:
685:
632:
520:
322:
297:
53:
2802:
2190:
2131:
2017:
1680:
1470:
804:
713:
697:
277:
37:
2383:
2121:
2111:
2106:
1253:
312:
287:
267:
209:
93:
1695:
970:
888:
709:
408:
272:
219:
170:
2126:
2096:
1245:
1108:"Atlas Sociodemografico y de la Desigualdad en Uruguay, 2011: Ancestry"
909:
Although their demographic dominance of the region has been reduced by
866:
342:
292:
113:
1675:
1660:
796:
788:
317:
1469:. Embassy of Paraguay in the United States of America. Archived from
950:
812:
676:, are the peoples who have historically lived in the modern state of
249:
2378:
1613:
1133:
1130:
873:
239:
234:
224:
1665:
627:
229:
954:
914:
808:
677:
307:
259:
1330:"Uruguay and the memory of the CharrĂșa tribe â ThePrisma.co.uk"
958:
942:
936:
820:
1113:(in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. Archived from
851:
1421:
1419:
922:
856:
527:
204:
163:
1416:
1275:
Gibbon, S.; Santos, R.; Sans, MĂłnica (November 15, 2011).
1205:
Da Silva Villarrubia, Santiago Katriel (27 August 2011).
961:. They were related to the other tribes in the area like
2646:
1178:
Da Silva Villarrubia, Santiago Katriel (14 July 2011).
2002:
1053:"ReconstrucciĂłn 3D de CrĂĄneo prehistĂłrico del Uruguay"
2764:
1373:
1204:
1177:
2800:
1587:
1274:
2632:
1988:
1629:
1394:"Uruguay and the memory of the CharrĂșa tribe"
650:
2753:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
1483:
1353:
945:or GĂŒenoa were one of the native nations of
732:. Languages once spoken in the area include
1061:Ministry of Education and Culture (Uruguay)
2639:
2625:
1995:
1981:
1636:
1622:
1506:
1432:
1102:
1100:
887:. They are distinguished from the related
657:
643:
45:who lived around 1600 years ago, found in
850:
52:
36:
28:
1379:
1231:
1150:
1097:
14:
2801:
1391:
1301:
776:
41:Facial reconstruction of the skull of
2620:
1976:
1617:
1045:
1018:
2648:Indigenous peoples in South America
1643:
1518:Central and South America, Volume 1.
704:. Other significant tribes were the
2814:Indigenous peoples of South America
998:Indigenous peoples in South America
885:indigenous peoples of South America
24:
2781:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
2271:
2004:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
1392:AlayĂłn, Wilfredo (28 March 2011).
1302:Jermyn, Leslie (August 18, 1999).
1157:. Bucks, UK: Bradt Travel Guides.
1144:
1024:
883:are a group of culturally-related
25:
2830:
1581:
1234:American Journal of Human Biology
754:American Journal of Human Biology
2786:
2774:
2051:
935:This section is an excerpt from
843:This section is an excerpt from
787:This section is an excerpt from
626:
92:
1549:
1524:
1477:
1459:
1441:
1385:
1347:
1322:
1295:
1268:
1213:(in Spanish). LaRed21 Comunidad
1186:(in Spanish). LaRed21 Comunidad
1029:(in Portuguese). Archived from
1521:London: Edward Stanford, 1901.
1225:
1198:
1171:
1154:The Bradt Travel Guide Uruguay
1124:
1079:
988:Localidad Rupestre de ChamangĂĄ
13:
1:
2809:Indigenous peoples in Uruguay
1489:"Aboriginal blood in Uruguay"
1429:. Fundacion BankBoston, 2002.
1359:"Aboriginal blood in Uruguay"
1140:– via www.academia.edu.
1011:
913:and the commensurate rise of
670:Indigenous peoples in Uruguay
18:Indigenous peoples of Uruguay
1532:"Bohanes, Guenoas and Yaros"
1361:(in Spanish). RaĂces Uruguay
1057:Portal de Museos del Uruguay
803:or Indigenous Nation of the
692:were perhaps the best-known
7:
1557:"El origen de los charrĂșas"
1425:Acosta y Lara, Eduardo, F.
981:
10:
2835:
934:
842:
837:
811:and the adjacent areas in
786:
781:
760:
2727:
2654:
2592:
2519:
2437:
2354:
2345:
2315:
2238:
2208:
2178:
2147:
2140:
2089:
2060:
2049:
2010:
1950:
1894:
1831:
1713:
1704:
1651:
1318:– via Google Books.
1291:– via Google Books.
929:
2819:Ethnic groups in Uruguay
464:Universal Constructivism
70:This article is part of
1027:"A "AvĂł" dos Uruguaios"
831:Massacre of Salsipuedes
700:in what was called the
183:Uruguayan Sign Language
1308:. Marshall Cavendish.
1003:Hombre del Catalanense
876:
855:A Guarani boy with an
264:Sauces and condiments
62:
50:
34:
2325:European colonization
1593:"El Uruguay indĂgena"
1513:Keane, Augustus Henry
1151:Burford, Tim (2011).
911:European colonisation
854:
56:
40:
32:
2043:Solutrean hypothesis
891:by their use of the
357:Feasts and festivals
57:Arrowheads found in
2424:Trinidad and Tobago
1958:Subsaharan Africans
1184:Mario Delgado GĂ©rez
777:Significant peoples
579:Football in Uruguay
516:Musical instruments
448:Arts and literature
43:an indigenous woman
2584:In popular culture
2335:Columbian exchange
2330:Population history
2061:Mythology/Religion
1246:10.1002/ajhb.20025
1067:on 20 January 2019
1033:on 20 January 2019
957:and some parts of
877:
363:Uruguayan Carnival
328:Dulce de membrillo
176:Portuñol riverense
84:Culture of Uruguay
63:
59:Colonia Department
51:
35:
33:The last CharrĂșas.
2762:
2761:
2734:other territories
2614:
2613:
2515:
2514:
2311:
2310:
2234:
2233:
2204:
2203:
2023:Pre-Columbian era
1970:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1534:. Escuela Digital
1449:"Society-Guarani"
1164:978-1-84162-316-0
1138:Nature Precedings
825:Rio Grande do Sul
801:Indigenous people
694:indigenous people
674:Native Uruguayans
667:
666:
488:La leyenda patria
476:GeneraciĂłn del 45
389:Roman Catholicism
85:
16:(Redirected from
2826:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2770:
2754:
2742:Falkland Islands
2656:Sovereign states
2641:
2634:
2627:
2618:
2617:
2352:
2351:
2269:
2268:
2145:
2144:
2087:
2086:
2055:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1974:
1973:
1711:
1710:
1645:Uruguayan people
1638:
1631:
1624:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1598:. Nuestra Tierra
1597:
1589:Renzo Pi Hugarte
1575:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1528:
1522:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1491:. RaĂces Uruguay
1485:Renzo Pi Hugarte
1481:
1475:
1474:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1451:. Archived from
1445:
1439:
1436:
1430:
1423:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1400:. Archived from
1389:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1355:Renzo Pi Hugarte
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1332:. Archived from
1326:
1320:
1319:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1112:
1104:
1095:
1094:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1063:. Archived from
1049:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1025:Moraes, CĂcero.
1022:
1007:
993:Uruguayan people
893:Guarani language
870:
771:Fructuoso Rivera
659:
652:
645:
630:
198:
96:
86:
83:
75:
65:
64:
47:Rocha Department
21:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2787:
2785:
2775:
2773:
2765:
2763:
2758:
2752:
2735:
2733:
2723:
2650:
2645:
2615:
2610:
2588:
2511:
2433:
2347:
2341:
2317:
2307:
2267:
2230:
2200:
2174:
2136:
2085:
2074:List of deities
2056:
2047:
2006:
2001:
1971:
1962:
1946:
1890:
1827:
1700:
1647:
1642:
1608:
1601:
1599:
1595:
1584:
1579:
1578:
1572:
1565:
1563:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1537:
1535:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1511:
1507:
1501:
1494:
1492:
1482:
1478:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1433:
1427:El Pais Charrua
1424:
1417:
1407:
1405:
1390:
1386:
1378:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1352:
1348:
1339:
1337:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1316:
1300:
1296:
1289:
1273:
1269:
1230:
1226:
1216:
1214:
1203:
1199:
1189:
1187:
1176:
1172:
1165:
1149:
1145:
1129:
1125:
1117:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1098:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1070:
1068:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1036:
1034:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1005:
984:
979:
978:
940:
932:
927:
926:
864:
848:
840:
835:
834:
807:in present-day
792:
784:
779:
763:
690:CharrĂșa peoples
663:
631:
621:
620:
574:
566:
565:
546:
538:
537:
501:
493:
492:
449:
441:
440:
381:
373:
372:
368:Nostalgia Night
358:
350:
349:
200:
196:
188:
187:
149:
141:
140:
129:Afro-Uruguayans
104:
82:
69:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2832:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2796:
2795:
2783:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2749:
2744:
2738:
2736:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2644:
2643:
2636:
2629:
2621:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2601:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2523:
2521:
2520:Related topics
2517:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2448:
2446:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2360:
2358:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2321:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2283:
2277:
2275:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2212:
2210:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2117:Medicine wheel
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2093:
2091:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2028:Classification
2025:
2020:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2007:
2000:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1977:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1835:
1833:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
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2018:Paleo-Indians
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1336:on 2017-10-08
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60:
55:
48:
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39:
31:
27:
19:
2730:Dependencies
2713:
2603:
2596:
2501:
2318:colonization
2122:The red road
2112:Medicine man
2107:Great Spirit
1849:Palestinians
1652:
1609:(in Spanish)
1600:. Retrieved
1573:(in Spanish)
1564:. Retrieved
1551:
1545:(in Spanish)
1536:. Retrieved
1526:
1517:
1508:
1502:(in Spanish)
1493:. Retrieved
1479:
1471:the original
1461:
1453:the original
1443:
1434:
1426:
1406:. Retrieved
1402:the original
1397:
1387:
1380:Burford 2011
1375:
1363:. Retrieved
1349:
1338:. Retrieved
1334:the original
1324:
1304:
1297:
1281:. Springer.
1277:
1270:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1215:. Retrieved
1210:
1200:
1188:. Retrieved
1183:
1173:
1153:
1146:
1137:
1126:
1115:the original
1090:
1081:
1069:. Retrieved
1065:the original
1056:
1047:
1035:. Retrieved
1031:the original
1020:
1006:(in Spanish)
918:
897:ParanĂĄ River
878:
860:
794:
768:
764:
752:
750:
682:
673:
669:
668:
454:Architecture
118:
68:
26:
2527:Ethnobotany
2384:El Salvador
2286:Visual arts
2155:Cosmovision
2141:Mesoamerica
2102:Fifth World
2068:Mythologies
2033:Archaeology
2011:Pre-history
1942:Venezuelans
1783:Lithuanians
1566:November 6,
1091:www.cia.gov
865: [
459:Visual arts
409:Waldensians
394:Mennonitism
333:Garrapiñada
273:Chimichurri
159:Rioplatense
124:Immigration
2803:Categories
2569:Philosophy
2374:Costa Rica
2348:by country
2179:Variations
2170:World tree
2127:Totem pole
2097:Arborglyph
1932:Dominicans
1922:Colombians
1917:Brazilians
1907:Argentines
1823:Ukrainians
1808:Slovenians
1793:Portuguese
1763:Hungarians
1751:Mennonites
1653:Indigenous
1538:2 February
1495:2 February
1467:"Paraguay"
1398:The Prisma
1365:2 February
1340:2018-05-17
1217:6 February
1190:6 February
1071:20 January
1037:20 January
1012:References
947:Entre Rios
899:and lower
817:Entre RĂos
728:, and the
436:Irreligion
343:Pastafrola
293:Grappamiel
134:Emigration
114:Uruguayans
109:Demography
49:, Uruguay.
2719:Venezuela
2664:Argentina
2564:Movements
2559:Languages
2507:Venezuela
2452:Argentina
2414:Nicaragua
2394:Guatemala
2389:Greenland
2081:Religions
1937:Peruvians
1912:Bolivians
1902:Americans
1866:Assyrians
1861:Armenians
1813:Spaniards
1721:Austrians
1661:Arachanes
951:Argentina
813:Argentina
511:Composers
506:Musicians
404:Mormonism
399:Methodism
304:Desserts
225:Empanadas
148:Languages
2709:Suriname
2699:Paraguay
2684:Colombia
2598:Category
2554:Identity
2537:Iroquois
2532:Cherokee
2497:Suriname
2487:Paraguay
2472:Colombia
2399:Honduras
2379:Dominica
2316:European
2291:Painting
2253:Colombia
2165:Religion
2160:Creation
2038:Genetics
1895:Americas
1881:Japanese
1844:Lebanese
1803:Russians
1773:Italians
1691:Minuanes
1676:CharrĂșas
1591:(1969).
1262:34341356
1254:15101054
982:See also
915:mestizos
905:Misiones
874:Paraguay
556:Internet
421:Hinduism
380:Religion
313:Bizcocho
245:Mondongo
240:Milanesa
235:Matambre
220:ChoripĂĄn
171:Portuñol
72:a series
2793:Uruguay
2767:Portals
2714:Uruguay
2689:Ecuador
2669:Bolivia
2574:Studies
2502:Uruguay
2477:Ecuador
2457:Bolivia
2404:Jamaica
2303:Writers
2298:Artists
2258:Ecuador
2240:Culture
2221:Mapuche
1886:Koreans
1876:Indians
1871:Chinese
1854:Syrians
1746:Germans
1731:Britons
1681:Guenoas
1666:Bohanes
1561:EL PAIS
1305:Uruguay
967:Minuane
963:Charrua
955:Uruguay
919:Guarani
881:Guarani
872:, from
838:Guarani
809:Uruguay
799:are an
797:CharrĂșa
789:CharrĂșa
782:CharrĂșa
761:History
746:GuaranĂ
734:CharrĂșa
730:ArachĂĄn
726:GuaranĂ
706:Minuane
696:of the
686:GuaranĂ
678:Uruguay
584:ClĂĄsico
471:Writers
431:Judaism
318:Buñuelo
308:Alfajor
284:Drinks
260:Puchero
255:Panchos
215:Chivito
210:Achuras
197:Cuisine
154:Spanish
2694:Guyana
2674:Brazil
2605:Portal
2542:Navajo
2482:Guyana
2462:Brazil
2419:Panama
2409:Mexico
2369:Canada
2364:Belize
2226:Muisca
2148:Common
1951:Africa
1927:Cubans
1798:Romani
1758:Greeks
1741:French
1736:Croats
1726:Basque
1714:Europe
1671:ChanĂĄs
1602:12 May
1408:20 Dec
1312:
1285:
1260:
1252:
1161:
959:Brazil
943:Guenoa
937:Guenoa
930:Guenoa
903:, the
821:Brazil
819:) and
744:, and
742:GĂŒenoa
714:GĂŒenoa
573:Sports
483:Tabaré
416:BahĂĄÊŒĂ
268:Caruso
250:Ăoquis
119:Native
103:People
74:on the
2679:Chile
2579:Trade
2467:Chile
2281:Music
2248:Andes
2196:Olmec
2186:Aztec
1839:Arabs
1818:Swiss
1788:Poles
1768:Irish
1696:Yaros
1596:(PDF)
1258:S2CID
1118:(PDF)
1111:(PDF)
975:BohĂĄn
923:Gauls
869:]
857:arrow
738:ChanĂĄ
722:BohĂĄn
718:ChanĂĄ
589:Clubs
551:Radio
545:Media
533:Tango
528:Murga
500:Music
426:Islam
230:FainĂĄ
205:Asado
164:Vesre
2704:Peru
2547:Zuni
2492:Peru
2443:list
2263:Peru
2216:Inca
2191:Maya
1832:Asia
1778:Jews
1686:MbyĂĄ
1604:2015
1568:2015
1540:2015
1497:2015
1410:2011
1367:2015
1310:ISBN
1283:ISBN
1250:PMID
1219:2013
1192:2013
1159:ISBN
1073:2019
1039:2019
973:and
971:Yaro
889:Tupi
879:The
862:hu'y
795:The
724:and
710:Yaro
614:1980
609:1950
604:1930
599:1928
594:1924
561:News
288:Mate
2732:and
2273:Art
1242:doi
859:or
672:or
2805::
2070:â
1559:.
1515:.
1487:.
1418:^
1396:.
1357:.
1256:.
1248:.
1238:16
1236:.
1209:.
1182:.
1136:.
1099:^
1089:.
1055:.
969:,
965:,
953:,
949:,
867:gn
748:.
740:,
736:,
720:,
716:,
712:,
708:,
2769::
2640:e
2633:t
2626:v
2445:)
2441:(
1996:e
1989:t
1982:v
1637:e
1630:t
1623:v
1606:.
1570:.
1542:.
1499:.
1412:.
1369:.
1343:.
1264:.
1244::
1221:.
1194:.
1167:.
1093:.
1075:.
1041:.
977:.
939:.
925:.
847:.
823:(
815:(
791:.
658:e
651:t
644:v
61:.
20:)
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