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Instead of a conventional paddle, these kayaks can be powered by a foot-pedal system which drives two under-keel fins. Inspired by penguin flippers, the fins swing side to side.
1143:
First there was the bicycle, then the pedalo boat, then the pedal-powered aircraft — and now, thanks to a team of French engineers, the world has the pedal-powered submarine.
733:
1052:
It's outfitted with the MirageDrive propulsion system, a pedal-powered pair of flexible fins that function as oscillating foils—much like penguin and sea-turtle flippers.
2099:
865:
1173:
799:
338:
Moving a single stern-mounted oar from side to side, while changing the angle of the blade so as to generate forward thrust on both strokes, is
1067:
1019:
The sturdily constructed pedal/flipper mechanism operates like a penguin's fins - swinging laterally underneath the hull as you pedal.
1115:
The
Scubster is an underwater bike, a pedal powered submarine with twin propellors that push it through the water at a speedy 5mph.
648:
419:, each with a widened blade on one or both ends, to push water and propel the watercraft.. Commonly seen paddlecrafts include:
179:
748:
1166:
903:
They row with their feet. As Mrs. Gấm puts it: "Rowing boat by feet is much quicker and less exhausting than by hands."
2130:
959:
949:
926:
916:
1159:
1938:
1330:
891:
976:"John ' Lofty' Wiseman SAS Survival Handbook the Ultimate Guide to Surviving Anywhere William Morrow ( 2014)"
869:
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1128:
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703:
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1035:
673:
2084:
1945:
1325:
1270:
1892:
1182:
755:
584:
133:
68:
718:
2109:
2047:
1933:
1562:
1552:
281:. In this case the rowers are usually paired so that there is an oar on each side of the boat.
688:
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201:
8:
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to maintain their position relative to the surface of the water, a few, such as
2014:
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1973:
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30:
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1990:
1978:
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1310:
1265:
786:
540:, with the feet. The collected power is then transferred to the water with a
451:
250:
113:
742:, the world's fastest human-powered watercraft, is a pedal-powered hydrofoil
1747:
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1407:
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816:
659:
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race in a wooden sow trough (ge: Sautrogrennen) in
Bavaria, Germany (2012)
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A pole is held with both hands and used to push against the bottom.
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1417:
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951:
The Book of Ninja: The
Bansenshukai - Japan's Premier Ninja Manual
2089:
2009:
1997:
1593:
1583:
1476:
1427:
1290:
1275:
1210:
1007:
710:
533:
532:
Pedals are attached to a crank and propelled in circles, or to a
473:
443:
439:
359:
349:
321:
163:
121:
91:
841:
Wilson, David Gordon; Schmidt, Theodor; et al. (May 2020).
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416:
375:
354:
332:
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102:
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Paddled watercraft, or paddlecraft, uses one or more handheld
1832:
1827:
725:
628:
464:
456:
431:
423:
400:
396:
277:
Using oars individually, with both hands on a single oar, is
255:
234:
184:
158:
Oars are held at one end, have a blade on the other end, and
386:
327:
1700:
1650:
695:
612:
509:
266:
76:
2042:
98:
773:
with her feet in Ninh Bình
Province of northern Vietnam
1062:
1060:
90:
directly from the hands or feet, sometimes aided by
86:
The three main methods of exerting human power are:
1129:"French Engineers Design a Pedal-Powered Submarine"
1057:
190:Using oars in pairs, with one hand on each oar, is
1029:
1027:
1068:"Pedal-powered paddles a relaxing way to explore"
1033:
639:Other types of human-powered watercraft include:
2122:
1024:
1096:
1167:
918:The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China
847:(4th paperback ed.). Cambridge, MA: The
840:
785:Human powered aqua-cycle water trikes in the
889:
1181:
1126:
1005:
892:"How Vietnamese Guides Row With Their Feet"
144:, either alone or in addition to buoyancy.
2100:Bicycle- and human-powered vehicle museums
1174:
1160:
1099:"Pedal Powered Submarine Dives to 20-Feet"
1036:"How to Catch Big Game Fish—From a Kayak"
1001:
999:
627:
326:
265:
178:
128:While most human-powered watercraft use
947:
915:Joseph Needham, Colin A. Ronan (1978).
649:Hand-cranked submarine (disambiguation)
2123:
194:. The oars may also be called sculls.
1155:
996:
860:
858:
868:. Virginia Boat Club. Archived from
948:Cummins, Anthony (3 October 2013).
883:
13:
855:
345:Single-oar sculled craft include:
14:
2147:
1034:T. Edward Nickens (Mar 8, 2010).
890:Matthew Pike (January 30, 2018).
197:Two-oared sculled craft include:
798:
778:
762:
747:
732:
717:
702:
687:
672:
548:, or to the air or water with a
508:
497:
488:
385:
374:
71:, instead of being propelled by
49:
22:
1120:
1097:Charlie Sorrel (Oct 19, 2010).
1090:
982:
968:
941:
921:. Cambridge University Press.
908:
834:
623:
595:
365:
147:
1:
827:
1127:Timon Singh (Aug 25, 2010).
1006:Mike Hanlon (June 4, 2004).
7:
810:
284:Sweep-oared craft include:
10:
2152:
665:
408:
151:
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2025:
1966:
1959:
1926:
1910:
1880:
1857:
1820:
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1761:
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1709:
1628:
1612:
1576:
1513:
1497:
1461:
1198:
1189:
954:. Watkins Media Limited.
279:sweep or sweep-oar rowing
2131:Human-powered watercraft
2085:Animal-powered transport
754:Starting an AquaSkipper
134:human-powered hydrofoils
61:Human-powered watercraft
1960:Non-vehicular transport
1183:Human-powered transport
585:Pedal-powered hydrofoil
555:Pedaled craft include:
42:'Cyclomer', Paris, 1932
2110:Zero-emissions vehicle
636:
335:
274:
187:
112:through the feet with
97:through hand-operated
894:. TheCulturalTrip.com
631:
603:Poled craft include:
330:
269:
182:
169:Oared craft include:
866:"Sweep vs. Sculling"
791:Diamond Head, Hawaii
231:of northern Vietnam.
202:Adirondack guideboat
2048:Alpine touring skis
1858:Hand and foot power
1448:Cold-weather biking
1388:Small-wheel bicycle
1296:Glossary of cycling
1261:Cyclo-cross bicycle
1246:Cold-weather biking
1073:The Daily Telegraph
1008:"Hobie Pedal Kayak"
992:. 27 November 2023.
570:Pedal-powered kayak
430:, Hasamibako bune,
340:single-oar sculling
215:McKenzie River dory
2053:Cross-country skis
1717:Litter/sedan chair
1281:Flat bar road bike
990:"Water Tools · 木隠"
793:in the background.
637:
336:
275:
229:Ninh Bình Province
188:
136:and human-powered
67:propelled only by
40:amphibious bicycle
2118:
2117:
2073:
2072:
1906:
1905:
1807:
1806:
1489:Motorized scooter
1484:Motorized bicycle
1363:Recumbent bicycle
1306:Motorized bicycle
1041:Popular Mechanics
844:Bicycling Science
227:rowed by foot in
75:(via one or more
2143:
1964:
1963:
1918:Amphibious cycle
1873:(sliding rigger)
1818:
1817:
1599:Invalid carriage
1514:Other foot power
1472:Electric bicycle
1196:
1195:
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691:
676:
580:midget submarine
560:Amphibious cycle
512:
501:
389:
378:
192:two-oar sculling
53:
31:sweep-oar rowing
26:
2151:
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2146:
2145:
2144:
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2141:
2140:
2121:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2069:
2021:
1955:
1922:
1902:
1876:
1853:
1803:
1794:Summer toboggan
1757:
1731:Weight shifting
1726:
1722:Scoop stretcher
1705:
1666:Pulled rickshaw
1656:Flatbed trolley
1624:
1608:
1572:
1509:
1505:Treadle bicycle
1493:
1457:
1423:Utility bicycle
1398:Touring bicycle
1348:Porteur bicycle
1316:Mountain biking
1286:Folding bicycle
1251:Cruiser bicycle
1221:Bicycle trailer
1185:
1180:
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1149:
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491:
428:Outrigger canoe
413:
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404:
392:
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390:
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211:Gloucester dory
156:
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58:
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55:
54:
45:
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43:
37:
27:
12:
11:
5:
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2133:
2116:
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2097:
2087:
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2079:
2078:Related topics
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2067:
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2055:
2050:
2040:
2035:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2015:Stair climbing
2007:
2006:
2005:
2003:Stair climbing
1995:
1994:
1993:
1986:Roller skating
1983:
1982:
1981:
1974:Inline skating
1970:
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1961:
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1953:
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1901:
1900:
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1890:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1877:
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1874:
1868:
1867:(sliding seat)
1861:
1859:
1855:
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1846:
1840:
1838:Paddleboarding
1835:
1830:
1824:
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1809:
1808:
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1802:
1801:
1799:Gravity biking
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1683:
1678:
1676:Shopping caddy
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1636:Baby transport
1632:
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1626:
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1463:Electric motor
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1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
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1393:Tandem bicycle
1390:
1385:
1380:
1378:Safety bicycle
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1343:Penny-farthing
1340:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1308:
1303:
1301:Hybrid bicycle
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1256:Cycle rickshaw
1253:
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1089:
1076:. Oct 30, 2008
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679:Hand paddling
678:
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657:
653:Hand-operated
651:
646:
632:Hand-operated
625:
622:
621:
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610:
597:
594:
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587:
582:
574:Pedal-powered
572:
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562:
522:(upper) and a
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505:
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495:
494:
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492:
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454:
409:Main article:
399:(upper) and a
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162:in between in
152:Main article:
149:
146:
126:
125:
110:
95:
48:
47:
46:
28:
21:
20:
19:
18:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2148:
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2095:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2058:Telemark skis
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2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1989:
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1987:
1984:
1980:
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1769:Gravity racer
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1674:
1672:
1671:Shopping cart
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1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1629:Pushed/pulled
1627:
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1611:
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1600:
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1527:
1524:
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1519:
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1512:
1506:
1503:
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1500:
1498:Treadle power
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1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1403:Track bicycle
1401:
1399:
1396:
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1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
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1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1353:Prone bicycle
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
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1329:
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1311:Mountain bike
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1266:Downhill bike
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928:9780521315609
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872:on 2011-08-24
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787:Pacific Ocean
781:
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769:Woman rowing
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489:Pedaled craft
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2026:Snow and ice
1845:(fixed seat)
1812:
1748:Caster board
1681:Stairclimber
1641:Baggage cart
1620:Rowing cycle
1531:Kick scooter
1521:Balance bike
1443:Wheelie bike
1408:Trailer bike
1368:Road bicycle
1241:City bicycle
1142:
1136:. Retrieved
1122:
1114:
1108:. Retrieved
1102:
1092:
1084:
1078:. Retrieved
1071:
1051:
1045:. Retrieved
1039:
1018:
1012:. Retrieved
984:
970:
950:
943:
932:. Retrieved
917:
910:
902:
896:. Retrieved
885:
874:. Retrieved
870:the original
843:
836:
817:Ocean rowing
724:Paddling an
660:Bodyboarding
638:
602:
599:
554:
542:paddle wheel
538:reciprocated
531:
414:
344:
337:
297:Coxless four
289:Coxless pair
283:
276:
243:Double scull
239:Single scull
196:
189:
174:Racing shell
168:
157:
127:
85:
60:
59:
15:
2105:Human power
1951:Ornithopter
1779:Street luge
1696:Wheelbarrow
1526:Dandy horse
1358:Quadracycle
1331:Singletrack
1199:Pedal power
978:. May 2014.
740:Decavitator
709:Sculling a
655:cable ferry
634:cable ferry
624:Other types
596:Poled craft
576:submersible
483:Paddleboard
448:Dragon boat
366:Paddlecraft
148:Oared craft
69:human power
2136:Boat types
2125:Categories
2038:Ice skates
1967:Foot power
1946:Helicopter
1911:Amphibious
1888:Hydrocycle
1881:Foot power
1821:Hand power
1774:Billy cart
1753:Snakeboard
1743:Pogo stick
1661:Hand truck
1646:Bath chair
1613:Row action
1604:Wheelchair
1577:Hand power
1568:Skateboard
1558:Freeskates
1548:Brakeboard
1438:Velomobile
1433:Velocipede
1338:Party bike
1236:Cargo bike
1231:Boneshaker
1138:2015-10-22
1110:2015-10-22
1080:2015-10-22
1047:2015-10-22
1014:2015-10-22
934:2011-07-27
898:2018-10-12
876:2011-07-27
828:References
822:Fiann Paul
694:Polling a
681:surfboards
644:Float tube
565:Hydrocycle
524:hydrocycle
478:Tarai-bune
301:Coxed four
293:Coxed pair
247:Quad scull
207:Banks dory
142:hydrofoils
138:submarines
73:wind power
65:watercraft
35:coxed pair
2065:Snowshoes
1893:Hydrofoil
1784:Snowboard
1691:Toy wagon
1686:Stretcher
1589:Handcycle
1563:Longboard
1553:Freeboard
1452:ice cycle
1133:Inhabitat
849:MIT Press
756:hydrofoil
550:propeller
461:Sea kayak
331:Sculling
270:Rowing a
183:A racing
2033:Crampons
1934:Aircraft
1789:Toboggan
1543:Kicksled
1536:Kickbike
1418:Unicycle
1413:Tricycle
1383:Sociable
1373:Roadster
1326:Downhill
1226:BMX bike
1010:. GizMag
811:See also
546:flippers
469:Baidarka
411:Paddling
318:Trainera
272:trainera
261:Row boat
164:oarlocks
130:buoyancy
118:crankset
92:swimfins
79:) or an
2094:outline
2090:Cycling
2010:Walking
1998:Running
1762:Gravity
1710:Carried
1594:Hobcart
1584:Handcar
1477:Pedelec
1428:Velocar
1291:Go-kart
1276:Fatbike
1215:outline
1211:Bicycle
711:gondola
666:Gallery
534:treadle
526:(lower)
474:Coracle
444:Shikara
440:Pirogue
417:paddles
403:(lower)
360:Sandolo
350:Gondola
333:sampans
322:Trireme
225:Sampans
122:treadle
103:paddles
38:Below:
29:Above:
1991:skates
1979:skates
1898:Pedalo
1871:Rowing
1865:Rowing
1843:Rowing
1738:Trikke
1465:assist
1271:Enduro
958:
925:
771:sampan
618:Makoro
590:Pedalo
520:pedalo
467:, and
452:Dugout
450:, and
355:Sampan
320:, and
314:Dromon
310:Galley
303:, and
249:, and
220:Dinghy
213:, and
154:Rowing
140:, use
114:pedals
81:engine
1833:Kayak
1828:Canoe
1813:Water
1104:Wired
789:with
726:umiak
465:Flyak
457:Kayak
432:Umiak
424:Canoe
401:kayak
397:canoe
305:Eight
256:Skiff
235:Scull
185:scull
160:pivot
109:, or;
107:poles
105:, or
77:sails
1939:list
1849:Punt
1701:Sled
1651:Cart
1321:27.5
1206:29er
1191:Land
956:ISBN
923:ISBN
696:raft
613:Raft
608:Punt
536:and
436:Waka
99:oars
63:are
2043:Ski
1927:Air
578:or
120:or
2127::
1141:.
1131:.
1113:.
1101:.
1083:.
1070:.
1059:^
1050:.
1038:.
1026:^
1017:.
998:^
901:.
857:^
552:.
544:,
518:A
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463:,
459:,
446:,
442:,
438:,
434:,
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395:A
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312:,
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295:,
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116:,
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1450:(
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937:.
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851:.
124:.
94:;
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
