262:. They bound themselves to work as indentured labourers for a set number of years on the plantations. The mostly Hindu and Muslim labourers were required to work seven and a half hours a day, six days a week for three years, receiving about 13 cents a day for their work. At first, half of the recruits were women but, in 1840, the proportion was reduced to a third of the number of men. In 1844, the period of indenture was extended to five years with a guarantee that, if they wished, they would get a free passage home at the end of their service. In 1853 the law was again amended to allow the indentured labourers to re-indenture themselves for a second five-year term or, if they wished, to commute any portion of their contract by repayment of a proportionate part of their indenture fee.
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from the HMS Dido, and a volunteer force." 27 October – Captain Baker personally monitors the situation. The next day Baker reports that the
Indians would make no attempt to enter San Fernando. In a series of telegrams Baker attempts to avoid an armed confrontation with the Indians, however Mr. Pyne appeared bent on such a confrontation to show the Indians who was in charge. (Shantal Ramnarine)
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Historian
Michael Anthony reports that nine people were killed and 100 wounded at Toll Gate (on the south side of the town), while others were injured at Mon Repos (on the eastern side of the town) and at Pointe-à-Pierre Road on the north. Indian historian Prabhu P. Mohapatra suggests a higher figure
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On 26 October
Administrator John Bushe consulted the Executive Council on "the final arrangements to be made for preserving order during the Hosea." Acting Colonial Secretary, Mr. Pyne informed the Inspector Commandant of Police, Captain Baker instructing him on the "deployment of police, marines,
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Industrial unrest on the plantations was gaining momentum to be followed by a deepening depression in the sugar industry in 1884. This atmosphere was also fuelled by frequent strikes. In the previous year, met with restrictions on the use of torches the
African community celebrating
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The decision by the authorities to prohibit the
Indians from entering the towns with their processions, which began, on the estates ‘were regarded by the Indians as an arbitrary and unjust measure’. The Indians protested with a petition led by the Hindu Sookhoo and 31 others.
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Mohapatra, PP "Following Custom"? Representations of
Community among Indian Immigrant Labour in the West Indies, 1880-1920 in Behal, RP van der Linden, M (eds) (2007) Coolies, Capital and Colonialism: Studies in Indian Labour History, Cambridge University Press
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At the Mon Repos
Junction of the Princes Town and Circular roads the Indian crowd was also fired upon. The procession was in sight about 3:30 pm. Captain Baker gave the order to fire a single volley of bullets after the Riot Act was read.
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At midday the first procession of 6,000 was sighted approaching San
Fernando reaching Cross Crossing about 2:30 pm and proceeded along to the entrance of Cipero Street. There the crowd was met by British troops under Major Bowles of the
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and when the crowd failed to disperse, Child ordered the police to fire upon them. Two volleys were fired into the crowd.
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The
Bloodstained Tombs: The Muharram Massacre in Trinidad 1884
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352:. Scarecrow Press, Inc. Lanham, Md., and London.
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464:Riots and civil disorder in Trinidad and Tobago
299:. The local magistrate, a Mr. Child, read the
242:) who had been banned from entering the town.
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350:Historical Dictionary of Trinidad and Tobago
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269:Newly arrived indentured Indians in Trinidad
252:emancipation of slaves in the British Empire
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439:Massacres committed by the United Kingdom
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454:Massacres of protesters in North America
316:of 22 dead, and over a hundred injured.
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235:procession (the local name for the
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394:. Macmillan Education.
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413:Categories
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311:Death toll
250:After the
246:Background
96:March 2020
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390:(1988).
348:(2001).
320:See also
301:Riot Act
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